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1
Misner, Scottie. "High Blood Pressure." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146443.
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Sare, Gillian Mary. "high blood pressure in acute ischaemic stroke." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537647.
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Oliver, James Douglas. "The viscosity of human blood at high hematocrits." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15054.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE.
Bibliography: leaves 106-110.
by James Douglas Oliver III.
M.S.
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Jenike, Elizabeth. "Blood of the Windmaker." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1417439734.
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Bibi, Innocent. "Health Awareness on High Blood Pressure, High Cholesterol, and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7914.
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for 25% of the annual deaths in the United States and represents a major public health burden, as patients often require screening and lifestyle changes related to multiple risk factors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine if there was a statistically significant association between high blood pressure and high cholesterol awareness (prevention and management) and cardiovascular health outcomes (angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, and heart attack). The theoretical framework that guided this study was the health belief model. Data from adults over the age of 18 from the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset were used for this study. Logistic regression was used to analyze data. Results showed no statistically significant association between high blood pressure awareness (prevention and management) and cardiovascular health outcome (angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, and heart attack) based on race, age, level of education, and acculturation. There was also no statistically significant association between high cholesterol awareness (prevention and management) and cardiovascular health outcome (angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, and heart attack) based on race, age, level of education, and acculturation. This study may contribute to positive social change through an increase in individuals' level of awareness of their medical condition, which could lead to a reduction in the burden of cardiovascular disease.
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Nguyen, Hoang Cuong. "High speed processing for laser doppler blood flow imaging." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517694.
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Vogel, Mira Abigail. "Web-based information for people with high blood pressure." Thesis, City University London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419018.
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Engström, Sevek. "Dental Health Care Cooperating with Primary Health Care as a Resource in Early Case Finding of Patients with Diabetes or Hypertension." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167527.
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Objectives To investigate if there is an association between dental health status and high blood pressure, to test the effectiveness of screening for high blood pressure and high blood glucose performed by the dental health care in collaboration with primary health care and to investigate the direct costs for this type of screening organisation. Study population and methods In Paper I 54 subjects with known hypertension and 141 with a high blood pressure in the dental office were compared with matched controls. In Paper II 1,149 subjects were screened for hypertension and in Paper III 1,568 subjects were screened for diabetes in dental care. Follow up was performed in co-operating primary health care centres. In paper IV the direct costs for screening and follow-up were calculated. Results There was a significant association between deep periodontal pockets and high blood pressure, even when the influence of age, sex, smoking and number of teeth was taken into account. Among those being screened for high blood pressure and high blood glucose 20.6% and 9.9% respectively were referred to primary health care, and a hypertension or a diabetes diagnosis was found in 32.1% and 5.8% of those screening positive. For every 18th subject screened a hypertension case was found (“numbers needed to screen” (NNS)), and for every 196th a diabetes case. NNS for combined hypertension and diabetes screening was 15. The total direct costs for screening and follow up per diagnosis found were 5,298 SEK for hypertension, 19,100 SEK for diabetes, and 4,116 SEK for combined blood pressure and blood glucose screening. Conclusions There was an association between dental health and hypertension. Screening for hypertension was highly efficient, while screening for diabetes was less so, because it is a less prevalent condition. Screening for both conditions appears to be the most efficient type of screening.
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Khurshid, Hassan. "High-order incompressible Navier-stokes equations solver for blood flow." Wichita State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5520.
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A high-order finite difference solver was written to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equations and was applied to analyze the blood flow. First, a computer code was written to solve incompressible Navier- Stokes equations using the exact projection method/fractional step scheme. A fifth-order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) spatial operator was applied to the convective terms of Navier-Stokes equations. The diffusion term was solved by using a sixth-order compact central difference scheme. A fractional step scheme in conjunction with the third-order Runge-Kutta total variation diminishing (RK TVD) scheme was used for the time discretization. At this stage, non-Newtonian effects and the pulsatile nature of the flow were not included. The developed Newtonian flow code was tested using benchmark problems for incompressible flow, namely, the driven cavity flow, Couette flow, Taylor-Green vortex problem, double shear layer problem, and skewed cavity flow. The results were compared with existing published experimental data in order to build confidence that the computer code was working properly in the simple blood flow conditions, i.e., as a Newtonian fluid. In the second stage, the backward-facing step was analyzed for Newtonian steady and pulsatile flow, and for non-Newtonian steady and pulsatile flow. The results were compared with experimental data and found to be in agreement. In the third stage, the computer program was extended to three dimensions. Flow through an infinite long pipe and through a 90-degree bend was carried out. The velocity profile in the pipe and at different locations of the bend was obtained, and the numerical values indicate good agreement with analytical and experimental values.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering
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Nitzpon, Hans-Jürgen. "Doppler ultrasound analysis of high velocity and turbulent blood flow /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1274.
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Phatcharanuruk, Thapin. "Thai people's responses to high blood pressure : beliefs and constraints." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367997.
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Henskens, L. H. G. "High blood pressure and target-organ damage of the brain." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2008. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=14316.
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Zhu, Chengcheng. "High resolution black blood magnetic resonance imaging of atherosclerotic plaque." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648792.
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Ukomadu, Chinyere. "An Educational Module on High Blood Pressure Management and Control." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7765.
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An educational module, based on evidence-based practice (EBP) guidelines by the 8th Joint National Committee (JNC 8) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC), was created and implemented to determine if its implementation would impact the knowledge of clinic staff regarding current EBP guidelines about self-management of hypertension (HTN). The module has the potential to contribute to the resolution of patient noncompliance on HTN treatment and management by increasing nursing staff proficiency in knowledge transfer to patients on effective self-management of their health condition. The creation of the module was guided by the concept of need or asset assessment and the theory of planned behavior. The module was composed of 2 short lecture presentations on HTN, current EBP guidelines on lifestyle modifications, and proper blood pressure measurement. The module also included pre- and postlecture surveys to evaluate knowledge and practices of staff, and reiterated the current guidelines and approaches presented in the lectures. Survey data were analyzed using McNemar’s test for paired and binary data. Results showed the agreement of all the staff in recognizing the utility of the module in standardizing their knowledge of current EBP guidelines on lifestyle modifications and blood pressure measurement procedures. The results also showed the enhancement of staff proficiency which might lead to efficient education of patients on effective HTN treatment and management protocol. This pathway has the potential to bring about social change by decreasing the incidence of patient noncompliance and improving patient health.
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Mbaissouroum, Mouanodji. "Risk Factors of High Blood Pressure in Older South Africans." Thesis, Southern Connecticut State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10748437.
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High blood pressure (HBP) is a worldwide concern in many countries (Keamey, et al., 2005). HBP is likely to be higher in underdeveloped countries, specifically in Africa (Addo, Smeeth, & Leon, 2007; Kearney, et al.,2005; World Health Organization [WHO], 2015). The prevalence of HBP in South Africa is 21%, which is about 6 million individuals (Steyn, Gaziano, Bradshaw, Laubscher, & Fourier, 2001). The purpose of the study is to examine the predictive factors of HBP among older adults in South Africa. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the World Health Organization (WHO & Phaswana-Mafaya, 2008). The total number of participants included in this sample was 2,145 adults age 60 and over, of which females comprise 59%. The average age was 69.50 years (SD= 7.63). The prevalence of reporting HBP among respondents was 37%. The multivariate analysis shows that, when other factors are controlled, being female, having a larger waist circumference, having a diagnosis of diabetes and depression, and urban residence significantly predicted HBP among older South Africans. When comparing men and women, the results of the logistic regression shows that the decrease of odds of having HBP among men who have diabetes and depression is less than the decrease of odds of having HBP among women who have diabetes and depression. These findings indicate that the risk factors, diabetes and depression, have a bigger effect on females compared to males. The results of the study will help to implement primary HBP prevention targeting South African older adult females who have been diagnosed with diabetes, depression, and who live in urban areas.
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Knight, Joanne. "An investigation of a novel candidate gene locus on chromosome 17 for human essential hypertension." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249718.
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Wang, Huailiang. "Effects of tetrandrine on pulmonary hypertension." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265879.
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Oke, Adekunle, Esther Adeniran, Christian Nwabueze, and Nathan Hale. "Association between Home Blood Pressure Monitoring and Total Office Visits among Medicare Beneficiaries with self-reported High Blood Pressure." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/30.
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High blood pressure (BP) is the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a major contributor to chronic disease burden in the United States. Chronic conditions are the most common reason for office-based physician visits among adults, accounting for 37% of all visits. Home BP monitoring when combined with clinical support may help engagement with care and improve condition control. This study examines the extent to which home BP measurement is associated with total office visits among Medicare beneficiaries with self-reported high BP and the influence by other related factors.
The 2018 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) was used in the study. The study population consists of Medicare beneficiaries (n=4,456) with self-reported high BP who had at least one total office visit in the year. Total office visits served as the outcome and were dichotomized to low (1-5 visits) and high (greater than 5 visits), while self-reported home BP measurement was the primary independent variable. Andersen’s conceptual framework was used to establish the co-variates [Predisposing factors: age, gender, race, education; Enabling factors: insurance plan (Medicare Advantage, MA), income, patients’ satisfaction (a. quality, b. information); Individual needs: smoking, BMI; Environment: region]. Bivariate analysis using a chi-square test for independence, unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression was conducted using SAS v 9.4.
Of the study population, 57.9% reported measuring blood pressure at home. Approximately 95.6% and 94.2% of beneficiaries were satisfied with the quality of care received and information about their symptoms respectively. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between total office visits and home BP measurement (p<0.05). Unadjusted logistic regression results noted that those who reported home BP measurement had increased odds of high total office visits [uOR: 1.17 (1.02-1.33)]. This relationship was slightly increased in the adjusted analysis when accounting for other factors of interest [aOR:1.22 (1.06- 1.40)]. Those aged 65-74 years had reduced odds [aOR: 0.77 (0.61 -0.98)], females had increased odds [aOR: 1.38 (1.19 – 1.61)], and those with higher education had increased odds [aOR: 1.41 (1.14 -1.75)] of high total office visits. Those not enrolled in MA [aOR: 3.37 (2.31- 4.90)] and those who earn $25,000 or more [aOR: 1.23 (1.04 -1.45)] had increased odds of high total office visits. Those who have never smoked [aOR: 0.81 (0.69-0.94)] and those from the non-metro region [aOR: 0.65 (0.56-0.76)] had reduced odds of high total office visits.
We conclude that those who engage in home BP monitoring are more likely to have a high number of total office visits. The use of home BP monitoring could reflect the severity of high BP suggesting the need for regular follow-up and frequent use of services. Further studies that explore this association are recommended.
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Flannery, Conor James. "Thrombus Formation under High Shear in Arterial Stenotic Flow." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6943.
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Acute thrombotic and thromboembolic occlusion of atherosclerotic vessels are events that precipitate most heart attacks and strokes. In arterial stenotic flow, thrombus formation is shear dependent and may or may not lead to complete occlusion of the vessel. Platelets in whole blood adhere to collagen-coated surfaces and as they accumulate the resistance of the stenosis increases because of the decreasing passageway of the occluded stenosis. As a model of blood clotting in stenoses, porcine blood is heparinized and perfused over tubular glass test sections that are coated with collagen type I. Each test section has a preexisting stenosis and its severity varies so that higher percent stenoses produce higher shear rates on the blood. The hypothesis of this thesis is that high shear rates due to stenosis in arteries are a necessary feature for occlusive thrombosis.
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Sime, Nicole Elizabeth Lennon. "Role of SVEP1 in fibrosis, metabolism and blood pressure." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31554.
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Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, epidermal growth factor and pentraxin domain containing 1 (SVEP1) is an extracellular matrix protein which may bind to cell surface molecules such as integrins. A non-synonymous single amino acid polymorphism in the Svep1 gene is associated with a 14% increased risk of coronary heart disease, a 13% higher risk of type 2 diabetes and a 1mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure. Expression of the SVEP1 gene is increased in the kidney in the Cyp1a1mRen2 rat model of diabetes and hypertension previously developed in our lab. SVEP1 is also known to be upregulated in human diabetic nephropathy and is upregulated in rodent models of renal fibrosis. I hypothesized that Svep1 played a role in renal fibrosis, diabetes and blood pressure. Hence, the primary goal of this thesis was to investigate the role of SVEP1 and in the pathogenesis of diabetes, hypertension and renal fibrosis. Svep1 gene expression is increased in the kidney in the DOCA-salt-angII-uninephrectomy model of hypertension and following UUO. SVEP1 hemizygous mice showed no differences in expression of pro-fibrotic genes after UUO compared to wildtype littermates. No overt metabolic phenotype was exhibited by the Svep1 hemizygous mice, however there was a significant decrease in fat depot weights after high fat diet (HFD) and a significant increase in blood glucose concentrations during the glucose tolerance test at the 12 week time point in hemizygous Svep1 mice compared with wild-type controls. After telemetry analysis of blood pressure no difference was seen in blood pressure but SVEP1+/-animals had an increased heart rate of 100 beats per minute compared to wildtype animals. Svep1 expression is increased in the kidney in models of hypertension and fibrosis, however loss of one Svep1 allele did not alter the severity of fibrosis in the UUO model or significantly alter glucose tolerance after high fat diet. However, the high fat diet experiment was a pilot study and should be repeated with a larger number of animals. In addition, generation of a mouse with the human point mutation could determine the mechanisms by which this extracellular matrix protein confers risk of diabetes and hypertension.
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Liang, Hui-Qi. "Remodelling of high density lipoproteins by plasma factors /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl693.pdf.
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Livieratos, Lefteris E. I. "Improvements in quantification of high-resolution cardiac 3D positron emission tomography." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844594/.
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Positron emission tomography provides quantitative measurements of radio-tracer concentrations in vivo to study physiological and molecular processes with radio-labelled compounds of biological affinity. Its application in Cardiology includes the measurement of myocardial blood flow. Quantification of regional blood flow across the myocardium may provide insight in the understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved in ischaemia. However, such measurements are restricted by scanner resolution and sensitivity and the influence of organ motion during data acquisition. Significant improvements in sensitivity in 3D mode of acquisition allow the exploitation of the inherent spatial resolution of the latest generation of PET tomographs. In addition, the acquisition of individual events in list mode makes possible the implementation of motion correction schemes. The problem of obtaining accurate attenuation correction factors, in the absence of septa, was addressed by using single photon transmission measurements and an image segmentation technique, the Local Threshold Segmentation of the attenuation coefficients. This approach was found to provide accurate attenuation coefficients and a scheme for generating attenuation correction factors for absolute quantification could be defined. The influence of motion on the spatial resolution on a current generation 3D PET scanner was assessed with experimental measurements at typical levels of respiration- related motion and was found to be significant for quantitative imaging of the myocardium. Simultaneous electrocardiographic and respiratory gating of list-mode data was implemented and validated. This dual gating approach can be used in data of high counting statistics for the elimination of motion within a single image frame. For count-limited measurements of myocardial blood flow, a method for compensating for respiratory motion, at no loss of total counts, was presented. Validation results showed a generally good accuracy and the technique was applied to 18FDG and C15O patient data. Improvement in the recovery coefficient for accurate tracer concentration assessed against well-counter measurements of blood sample tracer concentration was found for the C15O data.
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Tshitenga, S. "Risk factors with high blood pressure in the adult population of Kang ( Kgalagadi North ), Botswana." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/421.
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Thesis (M Med (Family Medicine))--University of Limpopo, 2010.Background: The state of Hypertension disease is universally under diagnosed and/or inadequately treated resulting in extensive target-organ damage and premature deaths. Therefore, sustainable and aggressive population-based programs for hypertension awareness, prevention, treatment, and control are keys of success in limiting this epidemic. The study aims to determine the Kang Adult population’s hypertension prevalence and the relationship between high blood pressure, anthropometric measures and their life style factors such as diet, use of tobacco products and alcohol consuming habits. Methodology: The study, a population based cross-sectional trial, was conducted on adult residents of Kang (18 year-old and above) from November to December 2008. Data was collected using the questionnaire, through physical measurements of weight, height and BP using a modified protocol based on World Health Organization (WHO) STEP wise instruments on chronic disease (Bonita, 2001). The sample consisted of 161 participants between 20 and 82 years of age. Results: Hypertension was observed in 31.6% of participants (95% CI: 24.6%-39.5%). With regard to the hypertension prevalence rate, no significant differences were observed between males and females (males 28.3% versus females 33.6%, p = 0.59). An elevated blood pressure was seen with significantly higher frequency in overweight group compared with the normal weight group (p = 0.029), in obese group compared x with the normal weight group (p = 0.002), and in obese group compared with the overweight group (p = 0.045). The study found no significant association between hypertension and use of tobacco products (p=0.46) or alcohol consumption (p=0.73), went in vigorous-intensity activity (p=0.22) and moderate-intensity activity that causes large increases in breathing, or heart rate for at least 10 minutes continuously (p=0.70). Conclusions: It is concluded that hypertension is a common problem in adult Kang population, with a prevalence of 31.6%. Hypertension prevalence was found to be associated with anthropometric measurements such as overweight and obesity. No significant association between hypertension and use of tobacco products, alcohol consumption, vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity activities that cause increases in breathing or heart rate for at least 10 minutes continuously. However, the present study had the limitation of a small sample size. Further studies are needed to clarify the hypertension magnitude throughout the country, with large samples.
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Nunez, Munoz Juan Antonio. "Utilising high resolution imaging to interrogate blood vessel and bone cell interactions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422899/.
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Fragility fractures represent a socio-economic burden, yet effective systematic treatments for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures are still lacking. Bone is a dynamic and highly vascularised tissue. Evidence suggests that with ageing, low bone mass and disruption of the microstructure and mechanical properties could be driven by reduced vascular supply and blood vessel attracting signals. However, it remains unclear whether alterations in the intracortical vasculature occur with age and if preservation of the cortical vasculature could prevent bone fractures. The main objective of this PhD was to develop and utilise high resolution micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging ex-vivo of cortical bone microstructure to test the hypothesis that bone vascular networks are altered with age. The following aims have been addressed i) To develop an image processing and analysis framework that allows for systematic measurement of the 3D architecture of cortical porosity comprising vascular canal networks and osteocyte lacunae in murine cortical bone ii) Application and validation of developed methodology to assess the effects of age on vascular canal phenotype iii) Extension of methodology to a unique transgenic mouse strain were osteoblast-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been deleted iv) Application of phase-contrast enhanced X-ray tomography imaging to visualise soft tissue within vascular canal networks. Using both desktop μCT (1.7 μm) and synchrotron X-ray tomography (0.65 μm), cortical bone microstructure was assessed at a sufficient spatial resolution to detect and extract cortical porosity. Extracted porosity measurements from synchrotron X-ray tomography were classified into vascular canals and osteocyte lacunae and 3D spatial relationships computed. First, the tibiofibular junction from 15-week and 10-month-old female C57BL/6J mice (n=6) was selected and vascular networks compared. It was found that the posterior region of the tibiofibular junction had a higher vascular canal volume than the anterior, lateral and medial regions (+127.62%, 693.08% and 659.64% respectively, p < 0.05) at 15 weeks of age. By 10 months, bone cortices were thinner (-13.04%, p < 0.01) and reduction in vascular density was evident in the posterior region (-46.54%, p < 0.01) providing the first evidence for location of the intracortical vasculature impacting age related effects on bone porosity. To explore the effect of osteoblast-derived VEGF on the intracortical microstructure, VEGF was knocked out (KO) in mature osteocalcin (Ocn) expressing osteoblasts. Again, the tibiofibular junctions of aged (1 year) wildtype (WT) and transgenic (VEGF Ocn KO) female mice (n=5) were imaged, analysed and compared. Results revealed that the lack of osteoblast-derived VEGF increased total porosity (vascular networks and osteocyte lacunae combined) in the tibiofibular junction (+39.92%, p < 0.01) with changes evident in the anterior and posterior compartments. Attempts to extend the use of the developed methodology to separate osteocyte lacunae from vascular canals was unsuccessful in the VEGF Ocn KO model due to low mineralised matrix in the VEGF Ocn KO bones. Finally, an approach that allows the 3D visualisation and assessment of the soft tissues in calcified bone using phase contrast-enhanced X-ray tomography has been reported. Using this technique, vascular structures were detected within 95.77% of the intracortical canals of the murine tibiofibular junction, supporting the theory that the intracortical network is the living space of the bone vasculature. This project has developed novel methodology which has allowed demonstration of an age-related reduction in the intracortical vasculature associated with reduced cortical bone thickness and deleterious changes in bone porosity due to the lack of VEGF, thus supporting further investigations into targeting the blood supply to treat age-related bone disease.
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Salisbury, Victoria Alice. "High resolution imaging and analysis of endothelial tubulogenesis and blood vessel formation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7322/.
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The process of angiogenesis in which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, can be intensively studied through the use of in vitro and in vivo models. The in vitro co-culture tube formation assay is used to assess the ability of endothelial cells to develop into three dimensional tubular structures which mimics the growth of capillaries. Different fluorescent labelling techniques were developed and utilised alongside confocal microscopy to visualise endothelial tubulogenesis and investigate the mechanisms of lumenogenesis. Imaging the actin cytoskeletal organisation by expressing the lifeact peptide conjugated to fluorescent proteins revealed that Factin fibres outline lumens within endothelial tubules and enabled clear visualisation of filopodia formation. Further studies presented in this thesis aimed to develop, test and evaluate computational tools for analysing endothelial sprouting from fluorescently labelled spheroids generated using the in vitro hanging drop spheroid assay and quantify blood vessel formation in the in vivo zebrafish model. The results confirmed that both analysis tools were able to rapidly quantify a wide range of angiogenic images and generated comparable results to frequently used manual methods. The developed computational analysis tools are user friendly and can be used to assess the effects of inhibitor compounds and silencing vascular related genes.
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Garpenfeldt, Katarina, and Erika Sjöström. "HYGIENE ROUTINES FOR NURSES WHEN TAKING BLOOD SAMPLES IN HIGH RISK AREAS." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24577.
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Bakgrund: Sjukvårdsrelaterade infektioner komplicerar vården av miljontals patienter varje år och är mer frekventa i utvecklings länder. Hur sjuksköterskor arbetar med hygienrutiner har ett stort inflytande över spridningen av dessa sjukdomar. Att ta ett blodprov är en invasiv procedur och trots att det för många sjuksköterskor är rutin så kan det vara förenat med risker för patient och sjuksköterska. Syfte: Att observera och beskriva hur sjuksköterskor utför hygien rutiner vid blodprovstagning i högrisk områden. Metod: En empiriskt strukturerad observationsstudie med en kvantitativ ansats, genomförd på ett sjukhus i Mpongwe distriktet i Zambia. Resultatet har blivit analyserat med hjälp av manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: Sjuksköterskornas arbete med hygienrutiner vid blodprovstagning följde ofta inte från sjukhuset uttalade riktlinjer. Majoriteten av de observerade sjuksköterskorna tvättade och desinfekterade inte händerna enligt angiven procedur. Skyddsutrustning användes ofta inte alls eller på ett felaktigt sätt. Omständigheterna för arbete uppmuntrade inte till utförande av hygienrutiner. Slutsats: Resultatet indikerar ett behov av mer finansiella medel såväl som mer utbildning och förespråkande för vikten av hygienrutiner vid blodprovstagning. Detta för an ökad förståelsen av värdet av dessa rutiner.Background: Healthcare related infections complicates the care of millions of people world wide every year and is shown more frequent in developing countries. How nurses follow basic hygiene routines has a great impact of the spreading of such infections. Collecting blood is an invasive procedure and even though it is a routine procedure for most nurses it can still be related to a great risk of exposure for both patient and performer.Objective: To observe and describe how nurses follow hygiene routines when collecting blood samples in areas with high prevalence of infection diseases.Methods: Empirically structured observational study with a qualitative approach, carried out in a hospital in Mpongwe district, Zambia. The result has been analyzed through manifest content analysis. Result: Basic hygiene routines were often not followed when collecting blood specimen in the hospital who served as setting for this study. A majority of the nurses did not wash and disinfect hands in accordance with guidelines recognized by the hospital. Protective equipment was often not used, at all, or in a correct way even when available. The environment did not promote hygiene routines when collecting samples. Conclusion: The result indicate a need for more financial means as well as more persistent education and campaigning regarding the importance of preforming hygiene routines when collecting blood samples. This to promote a change in performance and attitudes among staff members regarding the importance of those routines.
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Somchock, Jeranut, and somc0001@flinders edu au. "Effects of foot reflexology on reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension." Flinders University. Nursing and Midwifery, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20060529.153211.
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Background
The incidence of hypertension is increasing in developing countries such as Thailand
(Chaiteerapan et al 1997; Ministry of Public Health 2001; National Library of
Thailand Cataloguing in Publication Data 2001) as a result of sociological, political
and economic changes. These changes are producing enormous alterations in
people�s lifestyles, following similar trends in western countries (National Economic
and Social Development Board 1997). Negative changes in food consumption,
alcohol consumption, level of physical activity, smoking, stress and tension have led
to an increase in chronic health problems for Thai people (National Economic and
Social Development Board 1997). Age, gender, ethnicity, genetic background,
family health history and hyperlipidaemia are likely to influence hypertension
(Kaplan, Lieberman & Neal 2002; Mancia et al 2002; Manger & Gifford 2001;
National Heart Foundation of Australia 2003).
It has been found that health care professionals and patients with chronic disease
have increased their use of complementary therapies to help relieve uncomfortable
symptoms and suffering (Long, Huntley & Ernst 2001). Foot reflexology is a well
known complementary therapy which claims to help the body achieve homeostasis
(Byers 2001; Dougans 2002). It is believed that pressing specific areas on the feet
related to specific glands or organs of the body can help these glands and organs to
function at their peak, allowing the body to heal itself (Byers 2001; Dougans 2002).
The principle difference between massage or touch and foot reflexology is that foot
reflexology provides not only the relaxation effect obtained from massage or touch
is said to also improve body�s immunity contributing to healing process (Byers 2001;Dougans 2002). Foot reflexology has been scientifically researched in many studies
to explore the claimed benefits (Bishop 2003; Kohara et al 2004; Oleson & Flocco
1993; Siev-Ner et al 2003; Yang 2005). Some studies have supported its ability to
reduce anxiety and pain (Gambles, Crooke & Wilkinson 2002; Launso, Brendstrup &
Arnberg 1999; Stephenson, Dalton & Carlson 2003; Stephenson, Weinrich &
Tavakoli 2000). However, there has been little scientific evidence to support the
claim that foot reflexology can reduce blood pressure and serum lipids, and can
improve the quality of life in patients with hypertension (Hodgson 2000; Milligan et
al 2002; Park & Cho 2004). The purpose of this study was to begin to fill this gap by
investigating the influence of foot reflexology on blood pressure, serum lipids and
quality of life.
Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foot reflexology on reducing
blood pressure in patients with hypertension. To this end, patients receiving
reflexology were compared with patients receiving a light foot massage, thus
controlling for any effects contributed by massage or touch alone.
Null hypotheses
1. There is no difference in mean blood pressure level between the foot reflexology
group and the light foot massage group at the end of four weeks of treatment.
2. There is no difference in mean low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and
triglyceride levels between the foot reflexology group and the light foot massage
group at the end of four weeks of treatment.3. There is no difference in mean quality of life scores between the foot reflexology
group and the light foot massage group at the end of four weeks of treatment.
Sample
A sample size of 128 was required to yield a power of 80%, if the difference in mean
diastolic blood pressure between the two groups was 5 mmHg. One hundred twenty
eight patients with hypertension who attended the hypertensive clinic in the medical
outpatients department of Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand were
enrolled and participated in the study.
Methods
Data collection
This study used a randomized controlled trial design. Participants were randomly
allocated into one of two groups � 64 participants in the foot reflexology group
(intervention) and 64 in the light foot massage group (control). Data collection took
place over 4� months between 26 July and 9 December 2004. Ethics approval was
obtained from both the university and hospital ethics committees.
Prior to randomization, participants were asked to complete a demographic data
questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOLBREF)
(World Health Organization 1996) questionnaire. Blood was drawn to test
LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Using an intervention protocol based on
previous literature (Byers 2001), participants in the foot reflexology group received
their usual medical treatment and a 50-minute foot reflexology treatment twice a
week for four weeks. Participants in the light foot massage group received their usualmedical treatment and a 30-minute light foot massage session without pressure on
specific reflexology areas twice a week for four weeks. Blood pressure was recorded
before and after each treatment. At the end of the study, participants were asked to
complete the WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization 1996) again and blood
was once more drawn to test LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Data analysis
An independent samples t-test followed by analysis of covariance was used to test for
difference in mean diastolic blood pressure between treatment groups both
unadjusted and adjusted for baseline values respectively. Descriptive statistics were
used to present the demographic data.
Results
Demographic data
Control and intervention groups were similar in gender, age, educational background,
economic factors, lifestyle characteristics, co-morbidities and medical treatments.
Demographic data which were substantially different between groups were marital
status, the length of time experiencing hypertension and the length of time having
treatment for hypertension. The study showed that fewer participants in the foot
reflexology group (57.8%) were married than in the light foot massage group
(70.3%). The foot reflexology group also had a higher rate (32.8%) of
�divorced/separated/widowed� compared with the light foot massage group (20.3%).
Participants in the light foot massage group had almost nine times the number of
participants who had had hypertension for more than 15 years, and almost eight times the number of participants who had been having treatment for hypertension for
more than 15 years, compared with those in the foot reflexology group.
Outcome variables
For both the unadjusted and adjusted analyses, there was no statistically significant
difference between treatment groups post-intervention.
Conclusions
The results from this study did not support the claim that foot reflexology can
decrease blood pressure, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Similarly, there
was no evidence that it could improve the quality of life in patients with
hypertension.
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Cheek, Carlos. "Evaluation of a numerical thrombosis model for a high shear rotating flow /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7117.
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Gray, Susan Caroline. "The effects of differing warm-up procedures on the metabolic response during subsequent short-duration high-intensity exercise." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366838.
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Kabaliuk, Natalia. "Dynamics of Blood Drop Formation and Flight." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8979.
Full textAbstract:
Violent crimes involving bloodshed may result in the formation of a number of blood drops that move through air and impact onto a surface producing a bloodstain pattern. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA), the analysis of the position, distribution, size and morphology of the stains within the pattern present at a crime scene, may provide information about the events that gave rise to the bloodshed. The location of blood origin, i.e. victim’s position at the moment of wounding and (or) wound location, determination is of major interest to BPA. This study investigated the dynamics of formation and flight of blood drops commonly found at a crime scene (so-called passive, cast-off, impact and gunshot drops) with the aim to facilitate blood origin determination. Features of blood drop formation at passive dripping with correlation to dripping surface characteristics were studied experimentally. A numerical scheme for accurate blood drop flight characteristics modelling, including oscillations, deformation and disintegration, was developed and validated against a number of analytical and experimental cases with special attention to the passive blood drop oscillations and ultimate deformation at terminal velocity, cast-off and impact blood drop deformation and breakup features. This provided an efficient and accurate method for typical blood drop flight reconstruction from the blood origin to impact as well as from the bloodstain location to the possible blood origin. Factors affecting blood drop trajectory and blood origin estimation were studied using the developed scheme.
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Reiter, E. Miranda. "The Impact of Social Support, Psychosocial Characteristics, and Contextual Factors on Racial Disparities in Hypertension." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3087.
Full textAbstract:
Hypertension is a serious medical condition. Although men and women of all racial groups in the US suffer from high blood pressure, black women have the highest rates of hypertension. For instance, the age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension among black women ages 20 and over is 44.3, compared to 28.1 among white women, 40.5 among black men, and 31.1 among white men.
Past research has focused on SES and behavioral factors as potential explanations for blood pressure disparities between black and white women. But, even after controlling for such factors, considerable disparities remain. The goal of this research is to examine cultural and social factors that have been shown to increase blood pressure. Specifically, I examine social support, psychosocial characteristics, and contextual factors associated with race/ethnicity and hypertension, in hopes of explaining some of the disparities in high blood pressure between black and white women. iii
Using data from Waves I, III, and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), I estimated a sequence of multinomial logistic regression models predicting prehypertension and hypertension in young adulthood. Cross-sectional models show that racial disparities in hypertension remain after controlling for social support, psychosocial characteristics, and contextual factors. In fact, the only covariate that substantially reduced the racial disparity in hypertension was body mass index (BMI), a fairly reliable measure of body fatness for most people. I also estimated a set of multinomial logistic regression models predicting odds of prehypertension and hypertension by adolescent and cumulative social support, as well as psychosocial, contextual, and behavioral factors. These models were included to determine if early life and/or cumulative factors and conditions would help explain racial blood pressure disparities not explained by adulthood factors. Findings show that none of the early life or cumulative social support, psychosocial, contextual, or behavioral factors helped to explain racial differences in prehypertension or hypertension. Even after controlling for these factors, black women are still 1.18 times more likely than white women to have prehypertension and over two times more likely to suffer hypertension.
Indeed, my findings indicate that, of the factors included in all these models, only race, age, and BMI were significant predictors of blood pressure. Also, BMI was the only factor to explain some of the disparities between black and white women. These results are similar to other studies that have examined racial health disparities, suggesting that simply being a black woman in US society may be unhealthy. The health effects of racism, discrimination, and other sources of stress faced disproportionately by black women are not easily measured by social science research, which is possibly why racial disparities in blood pressure have yet to be explained. Future research should also explore possible epigenetic effects introduced by the health conditions experienced by previous generations, as well as the influence of prenatal and early life environments.
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Phillips, Nirree Jane. "Growth in utero, blood pressure and elasticity of the aorta and large conduit arteries." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342661.
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Poliachik, Sandra Louise. "An investigaton of the mechanisms of high intensity focused ultrasound induced platelet activity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8011.
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Watt, G. C. M. "Epidemiological investigation of familial and non-familial factors associated with high blood pressure." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593789.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis comprises a series of papers and linking commentaries on familial and non-familial factors associated with high blood pressure. Part one describes studies which investigated the relationship between dietary sodium and arterial blood pressure in young adults with and without a family history of high blood pressure. The studies, based on complete ascertainment of blood pressure in a single population, careful sampling of positive and negative family histories, characterisation of sodium intakes by seven consecutive 24 hour urine collections, and comparison, using a double-blind randomised controlled crossover design, of blood pressures during two four week periods, with mean sodium intakes below 50 mmol and above 120 mmol per day, provided strong evidence against the hypothesis that offspring with a family history of high blood pressure have an increased susceptibility to dietary sodium. A study using the same experimental design showed that short-term moderate dietary sodium restriction did not lower blood pressure in patients with mild hypertension in general practice. Part two reviews the practical applications of familial aggregation of blood pressure, based on a population of 864 young adults and their parents, whose blood pressures had been measured eight years previously. A family history of hypertension, based on one hypertensive parent, is a poor predictor of blood pressure levels in young people, and provides no basis for a high risk strategy for the prevention of high blood pressure. When parental blood pressure data are used to compare young people with contrasting predisposition to high blood pressure, the method of choice is to compare individuals whose parents belong either both to the top or both to the bottom of the blood pressure distribution (the high/high, low/low approach). A novel sampling method is also described, comparing groups from the corners of a scattergram, with offspring blood pressures on one axis, and parental pressures on the other (the 'four corners' approach). This approach identifies familial and non-familial correlates of high blood pressure in young people, and may point the way to more detailed pathophysiological and genetic studies.
35
Prada, Eithel Josue Meza, Helgar Miguel Angel Herrera Agullar, Jimmy Armas-Aguirre, and Paola A. Gonzalez. "Wearable Technology for Presumptive Diagnosis of High Blood Pressure Based on Risk Factors." Repositorio Academico - UPC, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653806.
Full textAbstract:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.In this paper, we propose a technological solution integrated to a wearable device that allows measuring some physiological variables such as body mass index (BMI), steps walked in a determined day, burned calories, blood pressure and other risk factors associated with the Framingham´s score. The objective of this article is to identify the evolutionary pattern of the Framingham’s score each day in order to determine a presumptive diagnosis of high blood pressure. The technological solution was validated in the social insurance of a public hospital in Lima, Perú. The preliminary results obtained in a diagnostic test show a sensitivity level of 83.33%, a level of precision better than a traditional Framingham´s score for presumptive diagnosis of high blood pressure. Our proposal contributes to the patient’s awareness about the bad routine habits related to lifestyle and promotes the empowerment of data in order to make some changes that influence on the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk.
Revisión por pares
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Rahimian, Abtin. "Parallel algorithms for direct blood flow simulations." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43611.
Full textAbstract:
Fluid mechanics of blood can be well approximated by a mixture model of a Newtonian fluid and deformable particles representing the red blood cells. Experimental and theoretical evidence suggests that the deformation and rheology of red blood cells is similar to that of phospholipid vesicles. Vesicles and red blood cells are both area preserving closed membranes that resist bending. Beyond red blood cells, vesicles can be used to investigate the behavior of cell membranes, intracellular organelles, and viral particles. Given the importance of vesicle flows, in this thesis we focus in efficient numerical methods for such problems: we present computationally scalable algorithms for the simulation of dilute suspension of deformable vesicles in two and three dimensions. Our method is based on the boundary integral formulation of Stokes flow. We present new schemes for simulating the three-dimensional hydrodynamic interactions of large number of vesicles with viscosity contrast. The algorithms incorporate a stable time-stepping scheme, high-order spatiotemporal discretizations, spectral preconditioners, and a reparametrization scheme capable of resolving extreme mesh distortions in dynamic simulations. The associated linear systems are solved in optimal time using spectral preconditioners. The highlights of our numerical scheme are that (i) the physics of vesicles is faithfully represented by using nonlinear solid mechanics to capture the deformations of each cell, (ii) the long-range, N-body, hydrodynamic interactions between vesicles are accurately resolved using the fast multipole method (FMM), and (iii) our time stepping scheme is unconditionally stable for the flow of single and multiple vesicles with viscosity contrast and its computational cost-per-simulation-unit-time is comparable to or less than that of an explicit scheme. We report scaling of our algorithms to simulations with millions of vesicles on thousands of computational cores.
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Kimmell, Jacob H. "The effect of high and low amplitudes during whole body vibration on lower leg arterial blood flow." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/656.
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Peeters, Mon Jef. "The effect of recovery strategies on high-intensity exercise performance and lactate clearance." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2735.
Full textAbstract:
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of recovery intensity on performance of a bicycle sprint task
and blood La⁻ clearance. METHODS: On three separate days twelve trained male subjects (27.4
± 3.9 yrs) performed three supramaximal exercise (SE) bouts at 120% of maximum aerobic
power (MAP) for 60% of the time to exhaustion (TTE). Bouts were separated by 5 mm of
passive recovery (PR), active recovery (AR) or combined active recovery (CAR). The third bout
was followed by a 14 mm recovery. Recovery intensities were: PR (rest), AR at 50% of the
workload difference between the individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) and the individual
ventilatory threshold (IVT) below the IVT ( ₋50%ΔT), or CAR at the IAT workload for 5 mm
and at the ₋50%ΔT workload for 9 mm. Five 10 s sprints were performed 2 mm post-recovery.
Blood lactate (La⁻) concentration, power parameters (Peak Power (PP), Mean Power (MP),
Fatigue Index (Fl), and Total Work (TW)), Heart Rate (HR), and Oxygen Uptake (VO₂) were
compared using repeated-measures ANOVA. Pairwise comparisons and dependent T-tests were
performed to analyze differences. RESULTS: Mean La⁻ values for AR and CAR were lower
than PR (9.7 ± 3.5, 9.5 + 3.5, 11.7 + 3.6, respectively, p≤0.05). La⁻ was significantly lower with
CAR versus PR at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 14th mm of recovery (p≤0.05). AR versus PR La⁻ was
lower at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 14th min of recovery (p≤0.05). Mean MP was greater in the AR group
compared to the PR group (800.1 ± 114.5 vs 782.2 ± 111.7 W, p≤0.05). TW during AR was
greater than PR (p≤0.05) but not CAR (p≤0.05, 40003.3 ± 5110.2, 39108.3 ± 4852.9, 39335.8 ±
5022.6 J, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: AR and CAR both demonstrated improved La⁻
clearance when compared to PR, but differences in La⁻ clearance did not determine performance
on the sprint task. AR resulted in more TW than PR and greater maintenance of power over the sprints.
39
Wilson, James L. "Development of functional magnetic resonance imaging at high field for neuro-psychiatric disorders." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275200.
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Simmons, Grant H. "Cutaneous vasodilation at simulated high altitude : impacts on human thermoregulation and vasoconstrictor function/." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9495.
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Braxton, Juanita. "Health Care Provider Perceptions of High Blood Pressure Screening for Asymptomatic African American Teens." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3021.
Full textAbstract:
Health care provider perceptions of typical practices play a significant role in evaluating the efficacy of screening and diagnosis of teen high blood pressure in African Americans. African American adults are more likely to develop high blood pressure than are any other ethnic group; however, there is a gap in the literature concerning high blood pressure in teens. Approximately 1 to 5 of every 100 children has high blood pressure. This purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perspectives of health care providers on high blood pressure screening and diagnosis of African American asymptomatic teens. The health belief model (HBM) was the conceptual framework used to describe how beliefs and attitudes influence provider high blood pressure screening. Purposive sampling resulted in 9 health care providers (8 pediatricians and 1family medicine physician), who completed a hypertension survey and individual interview. Data were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Atlas.ti was used for data management. Theoretical saturation was reached after 9 interviews. Emergent themes included observations from the participants that the absence of initial standardized high blood pressure screening for teens is a significant problem and that age-appropriate high blood pressure resources are not used consistently. Study results contribute to social change by providing an opportunity for heightened awareness and education among health care providers in teen high blood pressure screening and diagnosis processing. Ongoing education and research may engender proactive steps to develop universal guidelines, tools and practices to consistently and accurately detect high blood pressure in teens.
42
Padfield, James. "Physiologic performance characteristics of runners with high and low blood lactate concentrations during maximum steady state /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841179.
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Marshall, Vanessa J. "The Influence of Race/Ethnicity and Alcohol Use on High Blood Pressure and Diabetes." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1416840395.
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Lee, Bekah. "The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Compliance to the DASH diet in Adolescents with High Blood Pressure." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1394724938.
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Uemura, Kazumasa, and Norika Mori(Tamaya). "Influence of Age and Sex on High-Fat Diet-Induced Increase in Blood Pressure." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6902.
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Dhir, Rajan. "Na+, K+-AtPase expression in high-K+ and low-K+ sheep red blood cells." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55670.
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Wang, Maisie S. "Ultra-high resolution imaging and artery-vein separation of blood pool contrast-enhanced MRA /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8094.
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Faddoul, R. Y. "A high frequency ultrasound pulsed doppler system for the measurement of skin blood flow." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355397.
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White, Monique Shanta. "Risk Factors for Development of High Blood Pressure and Obesity Among African American Adolescents." ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/842.
Full textAbstract:
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and has been linked to hypertension, especially among African American youth. Optimistic bias leads youth to underestimate their susceptibility to negative health outcomes. Public health officials want to reduce risk factors to result in significant long term reduction in cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to explore adolescent behavior practices in a school district and prevalence of high blood pressure and obesity in that population. The health belief model guided the framework for this study. Research questions examined relationship between individual health risk practices and optimistic bias on health outcomes. Using a correlational research design, 433 African American high school students were administered a face-to-face survey and had their obesity and blood pressure measured by the school nurse. Canonical correlational analyses were used to examine relationships between health risk practices and descriptive statistics for optimistic bias and health outcomes. Among the health risk practices, engaging in moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes in the last 7 days and lower blood pressure was the only statistically significant relationship. Despite presence of clinical risk factors for hypertension and obesity, two-thirds of the students did not perceive themselves to be at risk of developing cardiovascular disease, with males at greater risk than females. Reducing health optimistic bias is viewed as an effective way of motivating young people to adopt more positive behaviors. This study has social change implications for using educational institutions to implement intervention programs that promote positive health behavior among youth not as an individual responsibility but as a way to reduce health disparities at the systemic level.
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Mihrete, Kifle. "Association Between Fast Food Consumption and Obesity and High Blood Pressure Among Office Workers." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1022.
Full textAbstract:
Fast food consumption among office workers is a common phenomenon. Frequent consumption of fast food is linked to cardiovascular risk factors. The pervasiveness of these risk factors has debilitated the office workers' health and contributed to low performance and absenteeism. However, there remains a significant gap in the current literature regarding the health impacts of frequent fast food consumption behavior of office workers. Consuming large portions of fast food has been associated with obesity. The purpose of this correlation study was to investigate the relationship between fast food consumption and obesity and hypertension among office workers. The theoretical foundations for this study are based on socio ecological model which is concerned with interactions between the individual and the different elements of the environment. Of 145 randomly selected office workers, 55 completed surveys about their food behavior and 36 of them had body mass index and blood pressure measured. Spearman rank-ordered correlations revealed significant correlations of moderate strength between fast food portion size and obesity (rs = .37) and between frequent fast food consumption and hypertension (rs = .40). These results constitute an important contribution to the existing literature and can be used by the health professionals and management to design workplace health intervention which focuses on the office workers and the social environment. Implications for positive social change include reducing the prevalence of obesity and hypertension.