Dissertations / Theses: 'High attention'

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Bradley, Timothy. "Visual attention for high-fidelity imaging." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/106379/.

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Models of visual attention have many applications including but not limited to rendering, advertising, graphic design and road safety. The rise of high fidelity imaging technologies, such as high dynamic range content and physically-based rendering have created a need for more targeted models, however the data necessary for their creation is sparse. This thesis aims to expand the applicability of visual attention frameworks for high fidelity imaging both by introducing a new selective rendering method for adaptively adjusting the quality of rendered scenes and developing the necessary tools to validate existing and future models in high fidelity domains. This thesis first presents a method for exploiting visual attention, in a Physically- Based-Rendering (PBR) pipeline, by adjusting complexity of Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions (BRDFs) in unimportant image regions. Thus, the presented method substitutes high accuracy, high cost models with low accuracy, low cost models in less salient regions. The efficacy of this method is evaluated through a subjective rating experiment. The results of the psychophysical experiment found some significant confusion between the hybrid and references images, which suggests that this can be employed as a tool to reduce computational costs. Furthermore, this thesis presents an experiment to assess the effect of high luminance levels on the viewing strategies of observers. This is accomplished through the creation of an HDR eye-tracking dataset consisting of eighty HDR images, shown at four distinct brightness levels. A statistical analysis of the resulting fixation density maps found that the reliability of LDR eye tracking data decreases as the peak brightness of an images increases. This suggests the need for reliable HDR eye-tracking datasets. Finally, this thesis presents an eye-tracking experiment and subjective survey to analyse the interaction of ambient light levels and screen brightness on visual fatigue and visual saliency. Results of the experiment show an increase in similarity between HDR and LDR fixations as environmental illumination increases, this is of particular note as standard practice calls for eye-tracking dataset to be captured in dark environments.

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Muller, Spaniol Mayra. "Attention control in adults with high autistic traits and attention training in children with autism." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7554/.

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While attention is not a core component of the autism phenotype, attention atypicalities are often reported in research. However, contradicting findings in autism and the Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) imply that the circumstances under which attentional selection is successful or impaired are not clear. Therefore, this thesis attempts to delineate more clearly the contexts under which attentional control is enhanced or impaired in the BAP. Specifically, I investigate whether differences in attentional control are driven by perceptual atypicalities in Chapters 2 & 3, where global/local stimuli and face/scene pairs are used while participants selected one aspect and suppressed the other. In Chapter 3, I investigate if attentional atypicalities in the BAP are linked to the mode of attentional control required, using experiments tapping separately proactive and reactive distractor suppression. In Chapter 4, I ask whether attentional atypicalities in the BAP translate to the motor domain, using a reaching task that may also tap proactive and reactive control processes and distractor suppression. In Chapter 5, I test whether attention training could prove beneficial for children with autism. The Computerized Progressive Attentional Training (CPAT) programme was utilized in schools with children with autism, while transfer effects were tested (in behaviour, cognitive and academic performance). Results suggest enhanced distractor suppression in adults with more autistic traits, when preparatory control is utilized, while the CPAT is shown to bring transfer effects from attention training to cognitive and academic skills of children with autism. Results are further discussed in Chapter 6.

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Park, Gewn hi. "Vagal influence on selective attention under high and low perceptual load." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1245438999.

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Dong, Yuanyuan. "A visual attention model for high dynamic range (HDR) video content." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51777.

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High dynamic range (HDR) imaging is gaining widespread acceptance in computer graphics, photography and multimedia industry. Representing scenes with values corresponding to real-world light levels, HDR images and videos provide superior picture quality and more life-like visual experience than traditional 8-bit Low Dynamic Range (LDR) content. In this thesis, we present a few attempts to assess and improve the quality of HDR using subjective and objective approaches. We first conducted in-depth studies regarding HDR compression and HDR quality metrics. We show that High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) outperforms the previous version of compression standard on HDR content and could be used as a platform for HDR compression if provided with some necessary extensions. We also find that, compared to other quality metrics, the Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) quality metric has the highest correlation with subjective opinions on HDR videos. These findings contributed to the development of methods that optimize existing video compression standards for HDR applications. Next, the viewing experience of HDR content is evaluated both subjectively and objectively. The study shows a clear subjective preference for HDR content when individuals are given a choice between HDR and LDR displays. Eye tracking data were collected from individuals viewing HDR content in a free-viewing task. These eye tracking data collected are utilized in the development of a visual attention model for HDR content. Last but not least, we propose a computational approach to predict visual attention for HDR video content, the only one of its kind as all existing visual attention models are designed for HDR images. This proposed approach simulates the characteristics of the Human Visual System (HVS) and makes predictions by combining the spatial and temporal visual features. The analysis using eye tracking data affirms the effectiveness of the proposed model. Comparisons employing three well known quantitative metrics show that the proposed model substantially improves predictions of visual attention of HDR.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Hodsoll, S. "Improving attention to emotion in individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits : a role for value-driven attentional capture?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1468436/.

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This thesis focuses on the information processing in individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits. Part 1 reviews the research literature that has investigated whether individuals with psychopathy, or high levels of psychopathic traits, show deficits in the processing of punishment and/or reward information, and the extent to which the reported studies provide support for the two current competing theories of psychopathy. The review demonstrates that whilst there is strong evidence for intact processing of reward information, there is less conclusive evidence of a deficit in punishment processing. Furthermore, the literature reviewed was more supportive of an emotional dysfunction account of psychopathy, relative to an attention-based account. Part 2 presents an experimental study that investigates whether emotional face training is able to modify attentional capture by fearful faces in a community-based sample of individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits. The results showed that those who received the training were more captured by a task-irrelevant fearful face, and that this was the case, regardless of level of psychopathic traits. Part 3 considers some of the methodological and conceptual issues that arose while conducting the study reported in Part 2. Due to the specific nature of the research question, several decisions concerning the design and statistical analysis of the data needed to be made. This section discusses the advantages and disadvantages of those particular decisions.

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Weaver, Joseph S. "High working memory capacity predicts negative gaze but high self-esteem predicts positive gaze following ego threat." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1307144564.

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Kedrowski, Ann M. "Teacher and counselor collaboration to support the development of ADD/ADHD students an analysis of variance between elementary, middle, and high school levels /." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999kedrowski.pdf.

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Burgess, Amber G. "The Effects of Motivational and Instructional Self Talk on the Attentional Focus of High School Distance Runners." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4738/.

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The purposes of this study were to examine the (a) attentional focus strategies used by high school distance runners, (b) changes in attentional focus across four laps in three 1.6 km runs, and (c) effects of a pre-performance intervention using motivational and instructional self talk on the attentional focus strategies used by and performance of high school distance runners. Participants (N = 42) completed a background and demographic questionnaire, the Cross Country Attentional Focus Inventory (CCAFI), a motivational and instructional statement survey, and the Self-Motivation Inventory. A series of oneway ANOVAs revealed significant differences in the types of attentional strategies used by each group, as well as fluctuations in use of strategies. The experimental group associated more during the each of the 1.6 km trials, whereas the control group dissociated more throughout each trial. A significant group by week interaction was found, with the experimental group maintaining their performance and the control group slowing from week one to week three.

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Brown, Richard. "A study to compare the effects of attention training treatment and guided relaxation on attentional and psychophysiological functioning in high worries." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685408.

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This thesis describes a study designed to investigate the mechanisms of Attention Training Treatment (ATT; Wells, 1990), a cognitive therapy tool designed to reverse the "cognitive-attentional syndrome" responsible for emotional disturbance in the model of Wells and Matthews (1994). Individuals reporting high levels of worry were randomly allocated to one of three treatment conditions: ATT, guided relaxation training (GRT) or no intervention (NI). Participants completed measures of worry and self-focus and three measures of executive attention before and after a two-week period during which the procedures were practised. Skin conductance and heart rate were also measured during the training procedures in each session. Significant decreases in trait worry and self› focus over time were found for the ATT and GRT groups but not the NI group, although there were no significant group by session interactions on these measures due to the small sample size. No evidence was found for a specific improvement in executive attention for the ATT group, contrary to expectation. Both ATT and GRT were associated with significant decreases in skin conductance in session one, although only ATT produced a significant decrease in session two. A significant reduction in heart rate was found for AT T in session two for those participants who reported the expected decrease in self-focus during the procedure. The findings offered some support for the clinical efficacy of AT T and suggested that a reduction in arousal may be an important component of this treatment. Replication of these findings using a larger sample is warranted.

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Davis, Heather Inga. "Description and continuity of goal orientation of high school students with ADHD /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (152 KB), 2009. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2009/Honors/Davis_Heather/davishi_honors_11-11-2009.pdf.

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Marinakos, Helias John. "Effects of control automation on operator attention and risk probability in high speed trains." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42675.

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O'Shea, Grace. "Evaluating the effectiveness of Attention Training at reducing physical symptoms in high symptom reporters." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.677749.

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This thesis is comprised of three chapters including a systematic review, an empirical paper and a critical appraisal. The systematic review explored the literature on metacognitions and components of the Cognitive Attentional Syndrome in physical illness related distress. The empirical paper was a randomized trial of Attention Training versus relaxation in the treatment of distress and somatic symptom frequency in high physical symptom reporters. The critical appraisal focused on reflecting on the empirical paper, the systematic review and the research process as a whole.

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Lease, Cynthia Ann. "Differential Family Characteristics of High and Low Aggressive Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." W&M ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625550.

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Karanouh-Schuler, Eran James. "COGNITIVE EFFECTS OF COFFEE CONSUMPTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH LOW VERSUS HIGH SLEEP QUALITY." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1399309032.

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Crossman, Donna Marie. "Visual attention to emotional stimuli in individuals high on psychopathic traits| Evidence from eye tracking." Thesis, State University of New York at Binghamton, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3728175.

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Researchers have described psychopaths as callous, cold-hearted individuals who show reduced empathic response to their victims. It is suggested that the inability to identify negative emotions, specifically fear, in individuals is what allows psychopaths to offend/take advantage of other people as they do not recognize the fear in victims that may otherwise deter victimization. This is the first study to examine how non-incarcerated individuals high on psychopathic personality traits process emotions. Additionally, eye-tracking technology was used to provide a more fine-grained assessment of attention. In contrast to hypotheses, the high psychopathic group did not differ from the low psychopathic or anxious control groups on any of the emotion processing tasks. This said, exploratory analyses revealed potentially interesting sex moderation effects. For example, men high on psychopathic personality spent more time looking at fearful eyes compared to men low on psychopathic personality and anxious men. Additionally, men low on psychopathic personality had more errors in identifying angry faces compared to men high on psychopathic personality and anxious men. Possible reasons for these findings as well as suggested areas of future research are discussed.

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Rudgley, Lisa. "Left high and dry : healthcare transition experiences of young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366453/.

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Healthcare transition is an important area that is attracting increasing attention from policy makers and clinicians, highlighting the need for transition services to be developed for young people with continuing health needs. This study aimed to examine the healthcare transition experiences of young adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) following their discharge from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services at age 18, and to elicit their views about what services they would find helpful in the future. Participants comprised four young adults with ADHD. An interview guide aimed to gain personal accounts of individual’s lived experiences of transition. Data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four superordinate themes were identified: personal experience of ADHD diagnosis and treatment; impact on self and relationships; living with ADHD and moving on. It was evident from the participants’ accounts that there were gaps in the transitional care that they had received. Research findings were discussed with reference to existing literature relating to biographical disruption, stigma and transition theory. Despite the national priorities given to healthcare transition and recommendations about best practice, these initiatives do not appear to be translated at practice level or in service provision. These findings suggest that clear protocols should be developed and local services commissioned to ensure young adults are able to access services to support their continuing healthcare needs. Further research into this important area is necessary to further explore transition processes, possible options for service delivery and to determine where services should be located.

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Zoromski, Allison K. "The Relationship Between Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Impairment in High School Students." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1334247419.

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Neely, Joanne Grace. "Attention shifting to social and non-social cues in high-functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1664/.

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Pilgrim, Kamala. "Mechanisms underlying cortisol reactivity to stress in low and high socioeconomic status individuals : role of naturally-occurring attentional biases." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116040.

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This Master's dissertation explored whether a rapid orienting of attention toward or away from social stress information during a restful state, relates to the magnitude of glucocorticoids (GC) released in response to a stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). It also assessed whether childhood rearing in a low socioeconomic status (SES) context mediates this relationship. Subjects rested for 45 minutes during which time they completed a modified version of Posner's attention paradigm, comprising social stress words. Immediately following, participants were exposed to the stressor. Results indicated that a rapid attentional engagement toward social stress words associated with pronounced GC responses to the TSST. Fast engagers displayed lower self-esteem and did not differ in terms of their past SES. These findings demonstrate that attentional biases for social stress information at rest combine with diminished self-esteem to predict the magnitude of GC released during psychological stress irrespective of early SES conditions.

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Blumen, Sheyla. "Meta-analyses on studies about the identification and attention of the gifted and talented in Peru." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101775.

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Are gifted and talented identification programs scientifically based, fair and unbiased? Aregifted enrichment programs effective? Financia! pressures from NGOs and prívate founda tions, changes in national educational policies, as well as multicultural issues, are forcing psychologists and educators to face these questions. Our review discusses the important changes that have begun to alter the gifted and talented field in Latin America, especially in Peru. It describes recent empirical studies in multicultural populations and analyses the impact of the intervention programs, both, on the teacher training leve! as well as on thegifted enrichment programs, which are being developed in the region.
¿Tienen los programas de identificación del talento y la superdotación bases científicas sólidas, justas e imparciales? ¿Son los programas de intervención para talentosos y superdotados efectivos? Las presiones financieras que ejercen las fundaciones que brindan apoyo económico, los cambios recientes en las leyes, así como las consideraciones respecto a la multiculturalidad están forzando a los psicólogos y educadores alrededor del mundo a confrontar estos cuestionamientos. La presente revisión discute los cambios que han empezado a alterar este campo de estudio en América Latina y en especial en el Perú. Se presenta un análisis de estudios empíricos en poblaciones multiculturales, así como una reflexión sobre el impacto de los programas de intervención, a nivel de capacitación docente y de enriquecimiento cognitivo/afectivo, que se desarrollan en la región.

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Howell, David Robert 1986. "Evaluation of Neuropsychological and Attentional Disturbances in Concussed High School Athletes." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11492.

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xvi, 68 p. : ill.
Approximately 1.5 million concussions occur annually in the United States, many affecting individuals between the ages of 15 and 18. Little is known about this age group's response to a concussion as they have been thought to respond differently than adults due to immature brain development. Additionally, relying on symptoms alone to determine level of brain function may lead to early return back to sport participation. Through the use of 3 computerized tests, neuropsychological and attentional deficit recovery post concussion was assessed between 12 subjects with concussions and 12 controls up to 2 months after injury. Memory tasks and symptoms resolved within a week after injury. Executive function tests showed small group differences up to two months post injury, suggesting these types of tests may be a useful tool in the evaluation of concussion recovery and provide an objective measure in evaluation.
Committee in charge: Dr. Li-Shan Chou, Chair; Dr. Lou Osternig, Member; Dr. Sierra Dawson, Member; Dr. Grace Golden, Member

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Chambers, Stuart Alva. "Short-Burst-High-Intensity Exercise to Improve Working Memory in Preadolescent Children Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, Piedmont College, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10111590.

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most challenging children’s public health concerns today. Children diagnosed with ADHD struggle more academically and are at a significant risk of lower academic achievement, increased grade-level retention, and additional diagnoses of learning disabilities. Symptoms of ADHD primarily arise from deficits in specific executive function (EF) domains, one of which is working memory (WM). Children diagnosed are impaired on tasks that specifically measure WM capacity and short-term visuo-spatial memory. In this study, four fifth-grade students diagnosed with ADHD were administered a variety of assessments. WM was measured through a math vocabulary recall, visuo-spatial WM via a computerized Corsi Block Tapping Test, and WM capacity was assessed through an Operation Span Task. In addition, on-task behavior was determined using the partial interval recording process with overall mathematical skill based knowledge being evaluated through a pre and post assessment. Using the ABAB Withdrawal Single-Case Research Design, a 10-min intervention of short burst high intensity exercise was introduced. Participants were assessed each session (daily) and exhibited improvement on all measurements during the intervention conditions of the study.

The results suggest that a vigorous 10-min daily regime of short-burst-high-intensity exercise improves the working memory and on-task behavior of preadolescent children diagnosed with ADHD.

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Bedi, Aman. "The effects of response probability on commission errors in high go low no-go dual response versions of the sustained attention to response task (SART)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10520.

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In the current investigation, we modified the high Go low No-Go Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) by replacing the single response on Go trials with a dual response (dual response SART or DR SART). In three experiments a total of 80 participants completed the SART and versions of the DR SART in which response probabilities varied from 50-50, through 70-30 to 90-10. The probability of No-Go withhold stimuli was .11 in all experiments. Using a dynamic utility based model proposed by Peebles and Bothell (2004) we predicted that the 50-50 DR-SART would dramatically reduce commission errors. Additionally, the model predicted that the probability of commission errors to be an increasing function of response frequency. Both predictions were confirmed. Although the increasing rate of commission errors with response probability can also be accommodated by the rationale originally proposed for the SART by its creators (Robertson, Manly, Andrade, Baddeley, & Yiend, 1997) the fact that the current DR SART results and SART findings in general can be accommodated by a utility model without need for any attention processes is a challenge to views that ascribe commission errors to lapses of sustained attention.

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Bateman, Lisa Paige. "Relationships between Life Satisfaction, Symptoms of Inattention and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity, and Depressive Symptoms in High School Students." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5179.

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Given increased evidence related to the importance of fostering life satisfaction in the overall population (Diener & Diener, 1996), as well as recent suggestions regarding the importance of increasing positive academic and social outcomes for children with ADHD (DuPaul, 2007), it is important to gain a clearer understanding of how life satisfaction may be related to symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Research on the relationship between life satisfaction and symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity is currently limited to two studies (Gudjonsson et al., 2009; Ogg et al., 2014). The current study investigated the relationship between symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity and reports of global life satisfaction in 399 high school students. This study used the bifactor model to conceptualize ADHD given that this model provided the best fit when compared to other models of ADHD in the current study and given that there is substantial evidence in the current literature to support the use of this model (Martel, von Eye, & Nigg, 2010). Structural equation modeling results demonstrated that the general factor of ADHD was a significant predictor of life satisfaction when students rated ADHD symptoms, and the inattention factor of ADHD was a significant predictor of life satisfaction when teachers rated ADHD symptoms. In addition, because depressive symptoms have been associated with life satisfaction and inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, the current study examined if life satisfaction moderated or mediated the relationship between inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity and depressive symptoms. Results of the present study suggested that life satisfaction serves as a potential but weak moderator in the relationship between general ADHD and depression when symptoms of ADHD were rated by teachers. Results also demonstrated that life satisfaction mediated the relationship between general ADHD symptoms and depressive symptoms when ADHD symptoms were rated by students, and life satisfaction mediated the relationship between inattentive symptoms and depressive symptoms when ADHD symptoms were rated by teachers. The current study contributes to existing literature on life satisfaction given that there are currently only two studies, one which was conducted with an adult population and one of which was conducted with a middle school population, specifically examining levels of life satisfaction in individuals with symptoms of ADHD. The results of this study provide additional confirmation of the negative relationship between ADHD symptoms and life satisfaction. Moreover, this study was the first to examine how life satisfaction may play a role in the relationship between symptoms of ADHD and depressive symptoms. This study supports that life satisfaction primarily plays a mediating role in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and depressive symptoms and provides support for further examination of this role in future studies.

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Fosenburg, Staci. "Investigating friendship qualities in high ability or achieving, typically-developing, ADHD, and twice-exceptional youth." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3252.

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Current gaps in knowledge about twice-exceptional youth relative to those with only one exceptionality (e.g., high ability or ADHD) include how twice-exceptional students perceive their friendships (Foley Nicpon et al., 2010). Some researchers have found friendship qualities to be less positive for youth with ADHD (Humphrey et al., 2007), yet others have found friendships to be rated more positively by gifted youth (Field et al., 1998). The current investigation sought to determine how friendships are perceived by twice-exceptional youth compared to peers with ADHD or high ability or achievement, and those with average ability or achievement and no diagnosis. Participants included 65 youth (35 boys, 33 girls) in middle school. Participants completed the Friendship Qualities Scale (Bukowski et al., 1994), in addition to a demographic questionnaire completed by parents. A repeated-measures ANOVA design was utilized to compare friendship quality ratings based on ability or achievement and ADHD diagnosis, as well as gender. Participants with ADHD, regardless of ability or achievement, reported significantly less companionship, help, and security with a best friend than those without a diagnosis. Boys were observed to report significantly less closeness with a best friend than girls. Implications of the current findings for counseling psychologists in the areas of practice and theory include considerations of how youth are socialized based on societal beliefs about gender and disability. Additionally, recommendations for treatment considerations, particularly for twice-exceptional youth, may include strengths-based interventions to support areas of strength to help accommodate difficulties.

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Newman, Nicholas C. "Traffic Related Air Pollution Exposure in the First Year of Life and Hyperactivity at Age Seven in a High Risk Atopic Birth Cohort." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1312293718.

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Graham, Kristall J. "Using Self-Monitoring to Improve On-Task Behavior and Academic Performance of High School Students with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1419261219.

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Nguyen, Trung. "Differential absorptive capacities, ambidexterity & new product creativity : a longitudinal investigation of US high technology SMEs from the attention-based perspective." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/72668/.

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The study investigates how SMEs generate new product creativity through different means of innovation strategies and their antecedents. It examines the fundamental role of the CEO in directing a firm’s information seeking orientation, a firm’s absorptive capacities in facilitating the process of absorbing information and lastly the combination of exploitation and exploration innovations to achieve ambidexterity. To this end, to address the bottom line importance of the ambidextrous strategy, new product creativity is hypothesised to be positively related and acts as a vital bridge linking ambidexterity and financial performance. Existing literature shows limited empirical support for a firm’s ability to pursue both exploitative and explorative innovations for performance outcomes. In particular, very little is known of the ambidexterity consequence in new product creativity. Literature also lacks empirical evidence on leadership-based antecedents and understanding of how ambidexterity works in the context of SMEs. To examine the relationships, the study uses mixed methods of content analysis, econometrics and financial ratios to generate longitudinal and objective data for 148 SMEs. Seemingly Unrelated Regression is then employed to analyse and test the hypotheses. Findings show the importance of generating a high number of creative ideas by demonstrating a positive empirical link with future financial performance. It also found that given the resource impediments of SMEs, the most appropriate approach to successful new product creativity is to manage exploitation and exploration innovations sequentially. In addition, contrary to the popular view of external information driving firms’ innovation strategy, deep understanding of the firm internally may be most important. Lastly, the result proves that despite being generic in nature and having an insignificant effect in driving either exploration or exploitation separately, future focus becomes an important factor when it comes to the firm’s ability to balance innovation ambidextrously.

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Williams, Mary Ann. "Exploration of effect of diagnosis of high school girls with attention deficit disorder on their mothers and the mother-daughter relationship." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041047.

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Bengtsson, Jessika, and Emma Karlsson. "Påverkan av mobiltelefonanvändning vid inlärning på gymnasieelevers minnesprestation." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-52917.

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Ungdomar tillhör idag det som kallas den digitala generationen och äruppvuxna i en verklighet där tekniska redskap är en självklarhet.Mobiltelefonanvändning under lektionstid innebär deladuppmärksamhet. Tidigare forskning visar att användning av tekniskaredskap vid inlärning påverkar studenters akademiska prestationnegativt. Gymnasieelever är en sällan undersökt målpopulation isamband med uppmärksamhet och inlärning. Syftet med denna studievar att undersöka om mobiltelefonanvändning vid inlärning påverkargymnasieelevers minnesprestation. Ett experiment bestående av ettfriåtergivningstest och ett läsförståelsetest genomfördes med 49deltagare. Deltagarna som använde delad uppmärksamhet mottog ochsvarade på ett meddelande i sin mobiltelefon under inkodning.Resultatet visade att mobiltelefonanvändning vid inlärning påverkargymnasieelevers minnesprestation negativt vid läsförståelse. Merspecifikt påverkades manliga gymnasieelever mer av deladuppmärksamhet vid läsförståelse.
Adolescents today are part of what is called the digital generation andare raised in a reality where technical instruments are part of everydaylife. Cell phone use in class results in divided attention. Previousresearch has shown that usage of technical instruments during learninghas a negative impact on students’ academic performance. Highschool students are seldom the target population in studies concerningattention and learning. The purpose of this study was to investigatewhether cell phone use during learning affects high school students’memory performance. An experiment including a test of free recalland a test of reading comprehension was conducted with 49participants. The participants in the divided attention conditionreceived and responded to a message in their cell phones at encoding.The results showed that cell phone use during learning had a negativeimpact on high school students’ reading comprehension. Specifically,male high school students’ reading comprehension was more affectedby divided attention.

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Somkuwar, Sucharita S. "METHYLPHENIDATE AND ATOMOXETINE TREATMENT DURING ADOLESCENCE IN THE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RAT: MECHANISMS UNDERLYING HIGH COCAINE ABUSE LIABILITY IN ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/27.

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Effects of pharmacotherapies for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on cocaine abuse liability in ADHD are not understood. Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR), an ADHD model, exhibited greater cocaine self-administration than control Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar rats. Methylphenidate, but not atomoxetine during adolescence enhanced cocaine self-administration in adult SHRs compared to controls. The mesocortical dopaminergic system, including medial prefrontal (mPFC) and orbitofrontal (OFC) cortices, is important for ADHD and cocaine addiction. Dopamine and norepinephrine transporter (DAT and NET) are molecular targets for methylphenidate, atomoxetine and cocaine action. In the current studies, SHR, Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar were administered methylphenidate (1.5 mg/kg/day, p.o.), atomoxetine (0.3 mg/kg/day, i.p.) or vehicle during adolescence (postnatal day 28-55). During adulthood (>77 days), DAT and NET functions in mPFC and OFC were determined as neurochemical mechanisms and locomotor sensitization to cocaine, and impulsivity under differential reinforcement of low rates 30-second (DRL30) schedule were evaluated as behavioral mechanisms associated with greater cocaine self-administration in methylphenidate-treated SHRs. Maximal velocity of [3H]dopamine uptake (Vmax) by DAT and DAT cellular distribution in mPFC and OFC did not differ between vehicle-control, adult SHR, Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar. Methylphenidate increased DAT Vmax, but not cell-surface expression, in SHR mPFC. In contrast, atomoxetine decreased Vmax and cell-surface expression in SHR OFC. Compared to control strains, norepinephrine uptake by NET in the OFC was increased in vehicle-administered SHR; methylphenidate during adolescence normalized NET function in SHR OFC. Locomotor sensitization was greater in SHR compared to control, and was not altered by methylphenidate. Under DRL30, methylphenidate increased burst responses in adult SHR compared to vehicle control as well as methylphenidate-treated Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar, indicating increased impulsivity. Increased OFC NET function, increased impulsivity and cocaine sensitivity may be the neurobehavioral mechanisms associated with the increased cocaine self-administration in SHR. Increased mPFC DAT function may underlie the enhanced impulsivity and cocaine self-administration in SHR administered methylphenidate during adolescence. Decreased OFC DAT function from atomoxetine-treated SHR may explain the reduced cocaine self-administration relative to methylphenidate. Thus, methylphenidate during adolescence in ADHD may increase risk for cocaine abuse, while atomoxetine may represent a therapeutic alternative for at-risk adolescents with ADHD.

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32

Purcell, Sheila Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "The education of attention to dreaming in high and low frequency dream recallers; the effects on dream self-reflectiveness lucidity and control." Ottawa, 1987.

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Antony, Jennifer Robin. "Early conduct problems and ADHD symptoms as predictors of various stages of cigarette smoking in a high-risk urban sample /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9069.

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Lee, Dong Hun. "Comorbid oppositional defiant or conduct disorder problems in children at high-risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) a comparison of emotional, psychosocial, and behavioral adjustment /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012580.

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35

Young, Jeremy Chi-Ying. "Cognitive and brain structural effects of long-term high-effort endurance exercise in older adults : are there measurable benefits?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51605/.

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Age-related decline in cognitive performance and brain structure can be offset by increased exercise. Little is known, however, about the cognitive and brain structural consequences of long-term high-effort endurance exercise. In a cross-sectional design, we recruited older adults who had been engaging in high-effort endurance exercise over at least twenty years, and compared their cognitive performance and brain structure with a non-sedentary control group similar in age, sex, education, IQ, depression levels, and other lifestyle factors. We hypothesized that long-term high-effort endurance exercise would protect against the age-related decline in memory, attention, and brain structure. Our findings, in contrast to previous studies, indicated that those participating in long-term high-effort endurance exercise, when compared without confounds to non-sedentary control volunteers, showed no differences on measures of speed of processing, executive function, incidental memory, episodic memory, working memory, or visual search. On measures of prospective memory, long-term exercisers performance suggested a self-imposed increase in effort, which did not impact on ability to complete the PM task. In complex attention tasks, they displayed a differential strategy to controls. Structurally, long-term exercisers only displayed higher diffuse axial diffusivity, an index of axonal integrity, than controls, but this did not correlate with any cognitive differences.

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Clansy, Pauline Amos. "The effect of high and low anxiety on level of motivation, length of stay in treatment, and intrapsychic focus of attention in Veterans Administration drug-abuse patients." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/458525.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of high and low anxiety on motivation for treatment, length of stay in treatment, and intrapsychic focus of attention in Veterans Administration drug-abuse patients. The dependent variables were measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Reasons For Seeking Treatment Inventory (RFST), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Psychopathic State Inventory (PSI), and the total number of days each subject participated in the treatment program. The major hypothesis was stated in the null form.The PSI and the STAI were used to measure motivation for seeking treatment. The MMPI and the RFST were used to measure intrapsychic focus of attention.On admission and on day 60, the subjects in the High Stress Treatment Group and the subjects in the Low Stress Treatment Group were not found to he significantly different, as measured by the STAI and the PSI, and intrapsychic focus of attention, as measured by the MMPI and the RFST.This study revealed that the subjects in the High Stress Treatment Group developed a higher level of motivation than the subjects in the Low Stress Treatment Group. The Subjects in the High Stress Treatment Group stayed in treatment longer than the subjects in the Low Stress Treatment Group. Subjects in the High Stress Treatment Group focused more on intrapsychic issues than subjects in the Low Stress Treatment Group.

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Wennerholm, Pia. "The Role of High-Level Reasoning and Rule-Based Representations in the Inverse Base-Rate Effect." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5178-0/.

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Rickert, Nicolette Paige. "Teacher Mindfulness in the Middle School Classroom: Reliability and Validity of a New Scale." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3118.

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Despite significant growth in research examining the effects of mindfulness interventions on teachers (Roeser, 2014), studies have mainly relied on self-reports of teacher mindfulness and have not examined observable behavioral manifestations of teacher mindfulness in the classroom. Due to possible biases in self-report measures (Dotterer & Lowe, 2011), as well as the need for a greater range of assessments of the effects of mindfulness trainings on teachers, the current study sought to create a new measure of teacher mindfulness in the classroom from three sources of information: teacher self-reports of their own behavior in the classroom, student perceptions of their teachers' behavior, and third-person observations of teacher behavior in the classroom. Another aim of this study was to demonstrate the concurrent validity of these new measures with teacher dispositional mindfulness and job stress. It was hypothesized that the newly created measures of teacher mindfulness in the classroom would be internally reliable, share modest inter-correlations across data sources, and would significantly correlate with hypothesized antecedents such as teachers' dispositional mindfulness and ratings of job stress. CFA, correlation, and regression analyses found good internal consistencies for each informant source of teacher calmness, clarity, and kindness; partial support for the convergent validity of each informant source; and partial concurrent validity only for teacher reports of mindfulness in the classroom with teachers' dispositional mindfulness and job stress. Evidence of method effects was suggested from these analyses. The future use, re-configuration, and implications of this suite of measures are discussed.

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Shipp, Francesca. "Construct validity of teacher ratings of ADHD-IN, ADHD-HI, ODD-toward adults, academic competence, and social competence factors with Thai middle and high school students." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2009/F_Shipp_1061209.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in psychology)--Washington State University, August 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 15, 2009). "Department of Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-31).

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Hult, Sofia. "China's Forcible Repatriation of North Korean Defectors Captured in February 2012 : Effects of Internet Activism and a High Degree of Press Attention on the South Korean Government's Response in a Period of Uncertainty." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för koreanska, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-82463.

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41

Barreda, Ángeles Miguel. "El análisis de la atención en la recepción televisiva: la incidencia de las respuestas automáticas de atención en la motivación hacia el consumo de contenidos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145768.

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El análisis de la atención que prestan los espectadores durante el consumo de contenidos de televisión es un aspecto fundamental para comprender los procesos de recepción de los medios. En esta tesis se realiza una investigación en torno a este tema que incluye una revisión de los diferentes modelos teóricos y metodologías empleados para su estudio, así como una propuesta teórica sobre los posibles efectos de las respuestas automáticas de atención en la motivación del espectador. En relación con ello, también se presenta una investigación experimental sobre los efectos de la imagen en alta definición en la atención y la motivación de los espectadores, cuyos resultados aportan evidencias preliminares a favor de la propuesta teórica antes mencionada. Finalmente, se realiza una reflexión sobre el desarrollo futuro de esta cuestión tanto en el ámbito de la investigación académica como desde la perspectiva de la industria televisiva y publicitaria.
A thorough analysis of the attentional resources spent by viewers while watching television plays a key role in our understanding of the media reception processes. This dissertation addresses this topic by reviewing the various methodologies and theoretical models that have been used to analyze attention to television, and offers a theoretical proposal as to the possible effects of automatic attention allocation on viewers’ motivation. A series of experiments on the effects of high-definition images on viewers’ attention and motivation are presented, providing preliminary evidence that supports the mentioned theoretical proposal. Finally, the future development of the research on this subject is considered from the point of view of both academic research and the television and advertising industries.

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Qadir, Aneela. "THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TYPES ON AFFECT AND COGNTION AFTER A STRESSOR." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1430920936.

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Dugast, Jérôme. "Essais en Microstructure des Marchés Financiers." Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00940976.

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Cette thèse est composée de trois chapitres distincts. Dans le premier chapitre, je montre que les mesures de liquidités traditionnelles, telles que la profondeur du marché, ne sont pas toujours pertinentes pour mesurer le bien-être des investisseurs. Je construis un modèle de marché conduit par les ordres et montre qu'une offre de liquidité élevée peut correspondre à de mauvaises conditions d'exécution pour les fournisseurs de liquidité et à un bien-être relativement faible. Dans le deuxième chapitre, je modélise la vitesse des ajustements de prix à l'arrivée de nouvelles dans les marchés conduits pas les ordres, lorsque les investisseurs ont une capacité d'attention limitée. En raison de leur attention limitée, les investisseurs suivent imparfaitement l'arrivée de nouvelles. Ainsi, les prix s'ajustent aux nouvelles après un certain délai. Ce délai diminue lorsque le niveau d'attention des investisseurs augmente. Le délai d'ajustement des prix diminue également lorsque la fréquence à laquelle les nouvelles arrivent, augmente. Le troisième chapitre présente un travail écrit en collaboration avec Thierry Foucault. Nous construisons un modèle pour expliquer en quoi le trading à haute fréquence peut générer des "mini flash crashes" (un brusque changement de prix suivi d'un retour très rapide au niveau antérieur). Notre théorie est basée sur l'idée qu'il existe une tension entre la vitesse à laquelle l'information peut être acquise et la précision de cette information. Lorsque les traders à haute fréquence mettent en oeuvre des stratégies impliquant des réactions rapides à des événements de marché, ils augmentent leur risque à réagir à du bruit et génèrent ainsi des "mini flash crashes". Néanmoins, ils augmentent l'efficience informationnelle du marché.

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Yan, Zhi-Cheng, and 顏志晟. "Attention-based High Dynamic Range Imaging." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71087476369089823581.

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碩士
國立交通大學
多媒體工程研究所
99
There are many tone mapping methods which consider human visual system; however, few of them takes the attention effect into account. As attention plays an important role in human visual system, we proposed a local tone mapping method that respects attention and adaptation effects. Our approach is composed of two stages: first, we adopt the HDR saliency map to identify the attentive regions and nonattentative regions in an HDR image; second, we proposed two types of tone mapping functions that are locally adjusted according to attention and adaptation models found in psychophysics. We applied our tone mapping approach to HDR images and videos and compared with the results generated by three state-of-the-art tone mapping algorithms. The comparison shows that our approach preserves more detail than the optimization tone mapping method and produces more colorful results than histogram adjustment in HDR images.

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Ewens, Kellen. "Divided Attention: The Value of Eye-Tracked High and Low Attention in Consumer Behaviour." Thesis, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/136543.

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In an expanding digital landscape, a consumer’s attention level is a critical predictor of future behaviour. Prior technological constraints necessitated the use of proxy attention metrics insensitive to passive engagement and simultaneously distortive of visual engagement. Since proxy metrics are poor measures of engagement, advertising trading metrics don’t reflect true audience exposure and engagement - concerning for advertisers. Advances in non-invasive technology enable research to differentiate levels of visual attention and their relation to brand outcome variables. The purpose of this research is to generate empirical understanding of how consumer behaviour is influenced by levels of natural visual attention. While scholars have investigated the relationship between selective or ‘high’ attention and consumer behaviour, little is known about the role of peripheral or ‘low’ attention on behaviour. This is critical to advertising valuation, as more focused attention to advertising has been shown to increase the likelihood of brand memory creation while more diffuse attention can positively affect brand selection and preference. This thesis comprises three papers. The first proposes a conceptual framework of visual attention, relating the control and degree of different types of attention to advertising in relation to discreet brand outcomes. It extends attention theory to wider discussions surrounding advertising measurement and monetisation practices. The second paper empirically tests the role of repetition in digital advertising by investigating differences between high and low attention with single and repeated exposures in the context of brand choice and recall (prompted and unprompted). This research also explores the interacting effects of demographic variables, including gender, age, brand use, on the relationship between visual attention (high and low) and brand choice and recall. The findings reveal significant differences between the two forms of attention for brand outcomes. High attention predicts more brand choice and recall at first exposure than at second exposure, while low attention predicts more brand choice and recall at second exposure. This study contributes to attention, advertising and marketing literatures by relating two forms of natural audience attention to discreet brand outcomes. The third paper empirically examines the role of emotion in attention-based advertising appraisal by investigating the moderating effect of two dimensions of emotion – arousal and valence – on the relationship between visual attention (high and low) and brand outcomes. Arousal and valence can affect how consumers perceive advertising and their attention focus (Vanlessen, Rossi, de Raedt, & Pourtois, 2013). Beyond main emotional effects on brand outcomes, this research reveals significant interaction between valence and low attention on brand choice and unprompted recall. This paper contributes to the marketing literature by relating dimensions of emotion to a high/low model of visual attention. This study generates novel insight contributing to research and practice in attention theory, advertising monetisation practices, and advertising measurement. Advertisers, media owners, and digital platform holders can benefit because the research establishes that the value of attention is nuanced but demonstrable. To generate immediate impact from high attention viewership, advertisers may select high-cost advertising; conversely value remains attainable from lower-cost, low attention advertising more suited to repeated exposures.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Business School, 2022

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Chang, Yen-Cheih, and 張諺杰. "Attention and Anxiety among High School Archery Athletes." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98703945873777879092.

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碩士
臺北市立大學
運動科學研究所
102
This study aimed to explore relationship among attention and anxiety among high school archery athletes. There were 343 valid cases collecting through purposive sampling. Data was collected through Attention Archery Inventory, which includes positive Attention (i.e., broad external attention, broad internal attention, narrow focused attention) and negative attention (i.e., overloaded by external information, overloaded by internal information, reduced attention); Three-Factor Anxiety Inventory (Cheng, Hardy, &; Markland, 2011), which includes cognitive anxiety, physiological anxiety and the regulatory dimension of anxiety. These inventories had good reliability and factorial validity. The main results are as follows: 1.Positive attention is higher than the negative attention. In positive attention , “narrow focused attention” was the highest, whereas in negative attention “overloaded by internal information” was the highest. Positive attention was higher in male than in female; Positive attention was higher in over, rather than below, 16 year old. 2.High school archery athletes were highest in the regulating dimension of anxiety, and lowest in physiological anxiety. In higher level athletes , cognitive anxiety and physiological anxiety were significantly lower than low skill-level athletes. 3.Positive attention and negative attention could predict the regulation dimensions of anxiety; Broad external attention and narrow focused attention could predict regulation dimension of anxiety; Negative attention could predict cognitive anxiety and physiological anxiety; overloaded by internal information could predict cognitive anxiety and physiological anxiety. Key word: positive attention, negative attention, three dimensions of anxiety, the regulatory dimension of anxiety.

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47

Kaspar, Kai. "High- and low-level factors in visual attention." Doctoral thesis, 2013. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2013071710994.

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The visual sense has outstanding importance for humans’ interaction with the environment and visual attention is the key mechanism that bundles our limited cognitive resources in order to enhance the perceptual processing of the most relevant environmental features at a certain point in time. Eye-Tracking technology enables us to accurately observe peoples’ eye movement behavior i.e. overt attention. In the last decade, overt attention on real-world scenes gained increasing popularity in vision research. The higher ecological validity of such scenes in combination with a free-viewing task allows us to investigate human viewing behavior under natural conditions. In this context, the majority of previous studies focused on the impact of basal image properties, such as color and luminance differences, to quantify the extent to which our fixation behavior is guided by these so-called low-level image properties. However, in most experimental studies complex images are observed only one time, whereas we are continually confronted with repeated visual impressions in everyday life. Therefore, I introduce a repeated-presentation-design that allows scrutinizing the impact of low-level image properties and the power of scene types over time. Besides these low-level factors, I also address inter-individual differences in motivation as well as emotional components as so-called high-level factors in overt attention. Previous research on visual attention has widely neglected these factors, especially in the context of real-world images. On the basis of novel study designs and by means of various analysis techniques, I show how several low- and high-level factors influence overt attention on complex scenes, how they interact, and how eye movement parameters are interrelated. In addition to that, I provide a comprehensive review of the previous literature on emotions’ and personality traits’ impacts on visual attention. On the basis of the inconsistent understanding of core concepts in the literature, I describe how behaviorally oriented studies investigate these high-level factors in visual attention, how the interplay between emotion and attention is conceptualized from a neuroscientific perspective, and I derive several conceptual and practical recommendations for future research. Finally, I outline some new ideas and venues for future research in the general discussion of the present work, for example how eye-tracking might overcome some fundamental problems of classical testing in psychological diagnostics, or how the view of embodied cognition can help us to get a better understanding of high- and low-level factors in visual attention.

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48

Cornwell, Orenda Michelle. "Attention to context in high functioning children with autism." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11680.

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The present study investigated the sentence processing skills of high-functioning children with autism and Asperger Syndrome. Specifically it aimed to determine whether these children were able to attend to and use linguistic constraints during real-time processing in the same way as their age peers. Nineteen children, divided into two groups, an autistic group and an age-matched group, participated in the study. Sentence processing abilities were assessed using a word-monitoring paradigm. The participants were required to press a button as soon as they heard a prespecified target word in an auditorily presented sentence. The target words occurred in four different sentence conditions: Normal, Syntactic, Random Word Order, and Semantic Anomaly. Reaction times were recorded. Working memory span was also assessed using a counting span task. The children in the autistic group resembled their age peers in their overall response pattern across the sentence conditions, but they were faster in three of the four conditions. Across both groups reaction times increased from the Normal condition to the Syntactic condition to the Random Word Order and Semantic Anomaly conditions. Working memory spans were comparable between the groups. Results are seen to indicate that high-functioning children with autism or Asperger Syndrome are able to attend to and use local linguistic contextual constraints but may have deficits in constructing and/or integrating global context during on-line processing.

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WU, PEI-HSUAN, and 吳珮瑄. "The impact of anger on attention in high risk college student with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y39s6v.

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碩士
東吳大學
心理學系
107
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients besides lack of concentration, hyperactivity, and impulsive, emotional problems are more common in clinical experience and parental complaints, especially in the case of angry emotions, which will not only make patients face difficulties in schooling, work, etc., and they may cause problems in interpersonal or life adaptation. The problems caused by angry emotions are not only seen in children, but also continue to affect the adult stage, posing a serious threat to the quality of life. This study focused on the attention and emotional problems of ADHD, and explored the impact of angry state on the attention of college students with high risk of ADHD symptoms, and compared the differences with normal college students. Using ASRS and C-CARE-SRI to screen 24 ADHD high-risk college students and 24 general college students, and ASEBA for comorbidity exclusion, through the autobiographical emotional recall task and article transcription method to trigger anger and neutral ststes, using ANT-I to measure attention. The results show that ADHD high-risk college students have a longer response time, higher response variation, and error rate. Also has a higher trend in alerting and conflict control network scores performance. And ADHD high-risk college students have a longer response time on the alerting:no tone and conflict control:incongruent situations.We concludes that ADHD high-risk college students may have poor alerting and conflict control network functions. In addition, the participants were less alert to the peripheral when they were angry, and showed a slight increase in response time, but the response error rate was reduced. There is no significant difference between the high risk ADHD and the performance pattern of college students in the anger state. This study infers that in the case of anger, there will ignore peripheral stimuli, reducing the utilization of cues, narrow the attention, but more focusing on the tasks, target-oriented behaviors due to approach motivational system. These characteristics will make people more focused on the task, pursuit of performance in the test, but it may also make people more difficult to improvise the situation. Based on this result, the study suggests that when you are angry you can do some self reminder to help yourself fece the immediate cognitive tasks, and for those who can use some effective strategies to help a mad person. In the future, we an explore the expression style of angry state in high risk ADHD college students, to gain a deeper understanding of the emotional problems of them, and to develop a more appropriate and complementary strategy for this group.

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Bhat, Shariq. "Depth Estimation Using Adaptive Bins via Global Attention at High Resolution." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/668894.

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We address the problem of estimating a high quality dense depth map from a single RGB input image. We start out with a baseline encoder-decoder convolutional neural network architecture and pose the question of how the global processing of information can help improve overall depth estimation. To this end, we propose a transformer-based architecture block that divides the depth range into bins whose center value is estimated adaptively per image. The nal depth values are estimated as linear combinations of the bin centers. We call our new building block AdaBins. Our results show a decisive improvement over the state-of-the-art on several popular depth datasets across all metrics. We also validate the e ectiveness of the proposed block with an ablation study.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'High attention'

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