Academic literature on the topic 'Hierarchical and complete parametrizations'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hierarchical and complete parametrizations"
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Rohan, Eduard, Jana Camprová Turjanicová, and Václav Liška. "Geometrical model of lobular structure and its importance for the liver perfusion analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): e0260068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260068.
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A convenient geometrical description of the microvascular network is necessary for computationally efficient mathematical modelling of liver perfusion, metabolic and other physiological processes. The tissue models currently used are based on the generally accepted schematic structure of the parenchyma at the lobular level, assuming its perfect regular structure and geometrical symmetries. Hepatic lobule, portal lobule, or liver acinus are considered usually as autonomous functional units on which particular physiological problems are studied. We propose a new periodic unit—the liver representative periodic cell (LRPC) and establish its geometrical parametrization. The LRPC is constituted by two portal lobulae, such that it contains the liver acinus as a substructure. As a remarkable advantage over the classical phenomenological modelling approaches, the LRPC enables for multiscale modelling based on the periodic homogenization method. Derived macroscopic equations involve so called effective medium parameters, such as the tissue permeability, which reflect the LRPC geometry. In this way, mutual influences between the macroscopic phenomena, such as inhomogeneous perfusion, and the local processes relevant to the lobular (mesoscopic) level are respected. The LRPC based model is intended for its use within a complete hierarchical model of the whole liver. Using the Double-permeability Darcy model obtained by the homogenization, we illustrate the usefulness of the LRPC based modelling to describe the blood perfusion in the parenchyma.
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Muir, Jack B., and Hrvoje Tkalčić. "Probabilistic lowermost mantle P-wave tomography from hierarchical Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and model parametrization cross-validation." Geophysical Journal International 223, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 1630–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa397.
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SUMMARY Bayesian methods, powered by Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimates of posterior densities, have become a cornerstone of geophysical inverse theory. These methods have special relevance to the deep Earth, where data are sparse and uncertainties are large. We present a strategy for efficiently solving hierarchical Bayesian geophysical inverse problems for fixed parametrizations using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling, and highlight an effective methodology for determining optimal parametrizations from a set of candidates by using efficient approximations to leave-one-out cross-validation for model complexity. To illustrate these methods, we use a case study of differential traveltime tomography of the lowermost mantle, using short period P-wave data carefully selected to minimize the contributions of the upper mantle and inner core. The resulting tomographic image of the lowermost mantle has a relatively weak degree 2—instead there is substantial heterogeneity at all low spherical harmonic degrees less than 15. This result further reinforces the dichotomy in the lowermost mantle between relatively simple degree 2 dominated long-period S-wave tomographic models, and more complex short-period P-wave tomographic models.
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Castro, Ildefonso, Ildefonso Castro-Infantes, and Jesús Castro-Infantes. "Curves in the Lorentz-Minkowski plane: elasticae, catenaries and grim-reapers." Open Mathematics 16, no. 1 (July 17, 2018): 747–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2018-0069.
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AbstractThis article is motivated by a problem posed by David A. Singer in 1999 and by the classical Euler elastic curves. We study spacelike and timelike curves in the Lorentz-Minkowski plane 𝕃2 whose curvature is expressed in terms of the Lorentzian pseudodistance to fixed geodesics. In this way, we get a complete description of all the elastic curves in 𝕃2 and provide the Lorentzian versions of catenaries and grim-reaper curves. We show several uniqueness results for them in terms of their geometric linear momentum. In addition, we are able to get arc-length parametrizations of all the aforementioned curves and they are depicted graphically.
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Ha, Seung-Yeal, and Zhuchun Li. "Complete synchronization of Kuramoto oscillators with hierarchical leadership." Communications in Mathematical Sciences 12, no. 3 (2014): 485–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/cms.2014.v12.n3.a5.
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SEGEV, RE'EM. "Hierarchical Consequentialism." Utilitas 22, no. 3 (July 30, 2010): 309–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820810000221.
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The article considers a hierarchical theory that combines concern for two values: individual well-being – as a fundamental, first-order value – and (distributive) fairness – as a high-order value whose exclusive function is to complete the value of individual well-being by resolving internal clashes within it that occur in interpersonal conflicts. The argument for this unique conception of high-order fairness is that fairness is morally significant in itself only regarding what matters – individual well-being – and when it matters – in interpersonal conflicts in which constitutive aspects of individual well-being clash. Consequently, the proposed theory is not exposed to the claim that fairness comes at the expense of welfare. This theory is considered within a consequential framework, based on the standard version and, alternatively, on a novel interpretation of consequentialism. Thus, it refutes the claim that consequentialism does not take the distinction between persons seriously.
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Syafiyah, Umi, Dita Putri Puspitasari, Iqbal Asrafi, Brian Wicaksono, and Finer Mayland Sirait. "Analisis Perbandingan Hierarchical dan Non-Hierarchical Clustering Pada Data Indikator Ketenagakerjaan di Jawa Barat Tahun 2020." Seminar Nasional Official Statistics 2022, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 803–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2022i1.1221.
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Pandemi Covid-19 telah memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap berbagai sektor di Indonesia, termasuk Provinsi Jawa Barat. Salah satu sektor yang terdampak adalah sektor ketenagakerjaan. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) tertinggi di Indonesia, setelah Provinsi Banten. Hal ini disebabkan oleh meningkatnya angkatan kerja tetapi tidak imbangi dengan kesempatan kerja yang memadai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengelompokkan kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat berdasarkan indikator ketenagakerjaan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan menyajikan perbandingan antara metode klaster hierarki, yaitu single linkage, average linkage, dan complete linkage, dan metode klaster non hierarki, yaitu k-means cluster. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa metode complete linkage 2 klaster adalah metode yang paling cocok dalam pengelompokkan kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat berdasarkan indikator ketenagakerjaan. Terdapat dua kelompok yang terbentuk berdasarkan complete linkage, yaitu: klaster 1 yang beranggotakan 18 kabupaten/kota dengan karakteristik perkembangan tenaga kerja yang sudah baik dan klaster 2 yang beranggotakan 9 kabupaten/kota merupakan kluster dengan karakteristik perkembangan tenaga yang belum maksimal.
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Chen, Chien-Ming, Xinying Zheng, and Tsu-Yang Wu. "A Complete Hierarchical Key Management Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/816549.
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Heterogeneous cluster-based wireless sensor networks (WSN) attracted increasing attention recently. Obviously, the clustering makes the entire networks hierarchical; thus, several kinds of keys are required for hierarchical network topology. However, most existing key management schemes for it place more emphasis on pairwise key management schemes or key predistribution schemes and neglect the property of hierarchy. In this paper, we propose a complete hierarchical key management scheme which only utilizes symmetric cryptographic algorithms and low cost operations for heterogeneous cluster-based WSN. Our scheme considers four kinds of keys, which are an individual key, a cluster key, a master key, and pairwise keys, for each sensor node. Finally, the analysis and experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme is secure and efficient; thus, it is suitable for heterogeneous cluster-based WSN.
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Beem, John K., and Paul E. Ehrlich. "Geodesic completeness and stability." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 102, no. 2 (September 1987): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100067347.
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A (connected) Riemannian manifold M is geodesically complete (i.e. each geodesic may be extended to a geodesic with domain ( −∞, + ∞)) iff, as a metric space under the induced Riemannian distance function, M is Cauchy complete ([12], p. 138). Furthermore, all compact Riemannian manifolds are complete. On the other hand, compact pseudo-Riemannian manifolds exist which are not geodesically complete. For example Fierz and Jost[8] have constructed incomplete metrics of the form 2dx dy + h dy2 on T2. Furthermore, Williams [16] has shown that geodesic completeness may fail to be stable for pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. Here a property is said to be stable if the set of metrics for M with this property is open. This failure of stability may occur for both compact and non-compact manifolds. In particular, Williams has found that M = S1 x S1 = ℝ/(2πZ x 2πZ), which may be given the complete Lorentzian metric g = 2dx dy, also admits Lorentzian metrics gn = 2dx dy+(sin(x)/n) dy2 which are geodesically incomplete yet which for large n are arbitrarily close to g in the Whitney fine Cr topologies. In this example the set S = {(0, y)|0 ≤ y ≤ 2π} represents the image of a closed null geodesic for (M, g) and also for all (M, gn). However, for the metrics (M, gn) this closed null geodesic has affine parametrizations which are incomplete because the velocity vector of this null geodesic returns to a scalar multiple of itself after each complete circuit of S. In general, a closed null geodesic will be complete iff its velocity vector returns exactly to itself after each trip around its image.
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Longford, Nicholas T. "Hierarchical Models and Social Sciences." Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 20, no. 2 (June 1995): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/10769986020002205.
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The view is presented that multilevel methods are just one element in a hypothetical complete analysis of observational data on human subjects. In most contexts several sources of uncertainty, in addition to those captured by a multilevel analysis, are present, and so the confidence placed in the results of a typical multilevel analysis is unrealistically optimistic. A “soft-ware-free” analysis of longitudinal data with rectangular design is outlined. Questions posed by the National Center for Education Statistics and elaborated by de Leeuw and Kreft are briefly discussed.
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Fummi, F., and D. Sciuto. "A complete testing strategy based on interacting and hierarchical FSMs." Integration 23, no. 1 (October 1997): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9260(97)00015-1.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Hierarchical and complete parametrizations"
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NICOLUSSI, FEDERICA. "Marginal parametrizations for conditional independence models and graphical models for categorical data." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/43679.
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The graphical models (GM) for categorical data are models useful
to representing conditional independencies through graphs. The parametric
marginal models for categorical data have useful properties for the asymptotic
theory. This work is focused on nding which GMs can be represented by marginal
parametrizations. Following theorem 1 of Bergsma, Rudas and Németh
[9], we have proposed a method to identify when a GM is parametrizable according
to a marginal model. We have applied this method to the four types of
GMs for chain graphs, summarized by Drton [22]. In particular, with regard to
the so-called GM of type II and GM of type III, we have found the subclasses
of these models which are parametrizable with marginal models, and therefore
they are smooth. About the so-called GM of type I and GM of type IV, in
the literature it is known that these models are smooth and we have provided
new proof of this result. Finally we have applied the mean results concerning
the GM of type II on the EVS data-set.
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Ishitsuka, Yasuhiro. "Orbit parametrizations of theta characteristics on hypersurfaces." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199075.
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Arumugavelu, Shankar. "SIMD algorithms for single link and complete link pattern clustering." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001967.
Full textBooks on the topic "Hierarchical and complete parametrizations"
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Blokdyk, Gerardus. Hierarchical Storage Management a Complete Guide - 2020 Edition. Emereo Pty Limited, 2020.
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Complete Coding and Documentation Guidelines for Hierarchical Category Conditions (HCC). Independently Published, 2017.
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Bisseling, Rob H. Parallel Scientific Computation. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788348.001.0001.
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This book explains how to use the bulk synchronous parallel (BSP) model to design and implement parallel algorithms in the areas of scientific computing and big data. Furthermore, it presents a hybrid BSP approach towards new hardware developments such as hierarchical architectures with both shared and distributed memory. The book provides a full treatment of core problems in scientific computing and big data, starting from a high-level problem description, via a sequential solution algorithm to a parallel solution algorithm and an actual parallel program written in the communication library BSPlib. Numerical experiments are presented for parallel programs on modern parallel computers ranging from desktop computers to massively parallel supercomputers. The introductory chapter of the book gives a complete overview of BSPlib, so that the reader already at an early stage is able to write his/her own parallel programs. Furthermore, it treats BSP benchmarking and parallel sorting by regular sampling. The next three chapters treat basic numerical linear algebra problems such as linear system solving by LU decomposition, sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV), and the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The final chapter explores parallel algorithms for big data problems such as graph matching. The book is accompanied by a software package BSPedupack, freely available online from the author’s homepage, which contains all programs of the book and a set of test programs.
Book chapters on the topic "Hierarchical and complete parametrizations"
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Biggio, Battista, Samuel Rota Bulò, Ignazio Pillai, Michele Mura, Eyasu Zemene Mequanint, Marcello Pelillo, and Fabio Roli. "Poisoning Complete-Linkage Hierarchical Clustering." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 42–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44415-3_5.
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Althaus, Ernst, Andreas Hildebrandt, and Anna Katharina Hildebrandt. "A Greedy Algorithm for Hierarchical Complete Linkage Clustering." In Algorithms for Computational Biology, 25–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07953-0_2.
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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Logit Loglinear and Hierarchical Loglinear Modeling for Outcome Categories (445 Patients)." In Machine Learning in Medicine – A Complete Overview, 281–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33970-8_39.
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Marathe, M. V., H. B. Hunt, and S. S. Ravi. "The complexity of approximating PSPACE-complete problems for hierarchical specifications." In Automata, Languages and Programming, 76–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56939-1_63.
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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Hierarchical Clustering and K-Means Clustering to Identify Subgroups in Surveys (50 Patients)." In Machine Learning in Medicine - a Complete Overview, 3–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15195-3_1.
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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Hierarchical Clustering and K-Means Clustering to Identify Subgroups in Surveys (50 Patients)." In Machine Learning in Medicine – A Complete Overview, 3–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33970-8_1.
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Celko, Joe. "Hierarchical and Network Database Systems." In Joe Celko’s Complete Guide to NoSQL, 185–201. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-407192-6.00013-3.
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"Complete Trace Structures." In Trace Theory for Automatic Hierarchical Verification of Speed-Independent Circuits. The MIT Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/6874.003.0011.
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Mohammadian, M., and R. J. Stonier. "Innovative Hierarchical Fuzzy Logic for Modelling Using Evolutionary Algorithms." In Handbook of Research on Modern Optimization Algorithms and Applications in Engineering and Economics, 770–96. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9644-0.ch029.
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This paper considers issues in the design and construction of a fuzzy logic system to model complex (nonlinear) systems. Several important applications are considered and methods for the decomposition of complex systems into hierarchical and multi-layered fuzzy logic sub-systems are proposed. The learning of fuzzy rules and internal parameters is performed using evolutionary computing. The proposed method using decomposition and conversion of systems into hierarchical and multi-layered fuzzy logic sub-systems reduces greatly the number of fuzzy rules to be defined and improves the learning speed for such systems. However such decomposition is not unique and may give rise to variables with no physical significance. This can raise then major difficulties in obtaining a complete class of rules from experts even when the number of variables is small. Application areas considered are: the prediction of interest rate, hierarchical control of the inverted pendulum, robot control, feedback boundary control for a distributed optimal control system and image processing.
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Nagaty, Khaled Ahmed. "Hierarchical Organization as a Facilitator of Information Management in Human Collaboration." In Open Information Management, 44–109. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-246-6.ch004.
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The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the relationship between three entities: hierarchical organization, information management and human collaboration. This relationship is composed of two parts: the first part is the relationship between the hierarchical organization and information management where the role of the hierarchical organization to facilitate the information management processes is discussed. The second part is the relationship between information management and human collaboration where the role of information management to improve human collaboration in problem solving is discussed. The information management processes are illustrated through an information management life cycle model. This model has three major stages: active, semi-active and inactive stages and has three major phases: creation, searching and utilization phases. The creation phase includes: information creation and using, information authoring and modifying and information organization and indexing. The searching phase includes: information storage and retrieving and information exchange. The utilization phase includes: information accessing and filtering processes. The arguments about the role of hierarchical organization in information management and human collaboration are also discussed. The author showed that the hierarchical organization acts as a facilitator for common information management processes which are required in team collaboration such as: information gathering, organization, retrieving, filtering, exchange, integration or fusion, display and visualization. Human collaboration models are discussed with emphasis on the team collaboration structural model which has four unique but interdependent stages of team collaboration. These stages are: team knowledge construction, collaborative team problem solving, team consensus, and product evaluation and revision. Each stage has four levels: meta-cognition process which guides the overall problem solving process, the information processing tasks which is required by the team to complete each collaboration stage, the knowledge required to support the information processing tasks and the communication mechanisms for knowledge building and information processing. The author focused on the role of information management to improve human collaboration across the four collaboration stages of the team collaboration structural model. He showed that the hierarchical organization is more efficient for information management processes and team collaboration rather than other alternative organizations such as flat, linear and network organizations.
Conference papers on the topic "Hierarchical and complete parametrizations"
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D'Souza, D., and M. Gopinathan. "Computing Complete Test Graphs for Hierarchical Systems." In Fourth IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sefm.2006.13.
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Grezet, Matthias, and Camilla Hollanti. "The Complete Hierarchical Locality of the Punctured Simplex Code." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2019.8849656.
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Lin, Shih-Ting, Hung-Hsiao Wang, Chia-Yu Kuo, Yolo Chen, and Yih-Lang Li. "A Complete PCB Routing Methodology with Concurrent Hierarchical Routing." In 2021 58th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dac18074.2021.9586143.
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Allen Olsen, David. "Closing the Loop on a Complete Linkage Hierarchical Clustering Method." In 11th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0005058902960303.
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Xu, Jian, Fucai Zhou, Xinyang Li, and Muzhou Yang. "Hierarchical Data Processing Model and Complete Tree Key Management Mechanism." In 2008 9th International Conference for Young Computer Scientists (ICYCS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icycs.2008.252.
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Rughani, Parag H., and M. S. Dahiya. "Proactive — Automated Hierarchical CERTs: A complete solution to secure national cyber resources." In 2016 Symposium on Colossal Data Analysis and Networking (CDAN). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdan.2016.7570953.
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Chen, Yami, Zhiyong Feng, Ping Zhang, Yizhe Li, Qixun Zhang, and Li Tan. "Complete interference solution with MWSC consideration for OFDMA macro/femtocell hierarchical networks." In 2011 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2011.5779472.
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Gubu, La, Dedi Rosadi, and Abdurakhman. "Classical portfolio selection with cluster analysis: Comparison between hierarchical complete linkage and Ward algorithm." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH SEAMS-UGM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS 2019: Deepening Mathematical Concepts for Wider Application through Multidisciplinary Research and Industries Collaborations. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5139174.
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Xinyi, Chen. "Comparison between Complete and Ward’s Linkage Method in Hierarchical Clustering Analysis on Cancer Omics Dataset." In 2022 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (ICBCB). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbcb55259.2022.9802487.
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Fei, Zhengcong. "Improving Tandem Mass Spectra Analysis with Hierarchical Learning." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/599.
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Tandem mass spectrometry is the most widely used technology to identify proteins in a complex biological sample, which produces a large number of spectra representative of protein subsequences named peptide. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical multi-stage framework, referred as DeepTag, to identify the peptide sequence for each given spectrum. Compared with the traditional one-stage generation, our sequencing model starts the inference with a selected high-confidence guiding tag and provides the complete sequence based on this guiding tag. Besides, we introduce a cross-modality refining module to asist the decoder focus on effective peaks and fine-tune with a reinforcement learning technique. Experiments on different public datasets demonstrate that our method achieves a new state-of-the-art performance in peptide identification task, leading to a marked improvement in terms of both precision and recall.
Reports on the topic "Hierarchical and complete parametrizations"
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Henderson, Tim, Mincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285306.
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A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile for this unit. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be recorded such that other researchers may evaluate it in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN, methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285337.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286915.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be protected and conserved for researchers to study and evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Mojave Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289952.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities that may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the type section or other category of stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future.. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (e.g., geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (e.g., flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network-level activities such as inventory, monitoring, research, and data management. Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory & Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the Mojave Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network (MOJN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the MOJN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Joshua Tree National Park (JOTR) or Manzanar National Historic Site (MANZ); Death Valley...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincet Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: North Coast and Cascades Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293013.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that form a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies (rock types), bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2021). In most instances, when a new geologic unit (such as a formation) is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit that presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring (I&M) networks established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network-level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, and data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the North Coast and Cascades Inventory & Monitoring Network (NCCN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the NCCN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Fort Vancouver National Historic Site (FOVA), Lewis and Clark National Historical Park (LEWI), or San Juan...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Central Alaska Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293381.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that form a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies (rock types), bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2021). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit that presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS is centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project (Henderson et al. 2020). Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network (ARCN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the ARCN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Cape Krusenstern National Monument (CAKR) and Kobuk Valley National Park (KOVA)...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucciq, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: San Francisco Bay Area Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293533.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that the resources of the National Park System are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities that may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that form a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies (rock types), bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2021). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit that presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS is centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network-level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory & Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project (Henderson et al. 2020). Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the San Francisco Bay Area Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFAN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the SFAN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Fort Point National Historic Site (FOPO) and Muir Woods National Monument (MUWO)...
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McPhedran, R., K. Patel, B. Toombs, P. Menon, M. Patel, J. Disson, K. Porter, A. John, and A. Rayner. Food allergen communication in businesses feasibility trial. Food Standards Agency, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tpf160.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Clear allergen communication in food business operators (FBOs) has been shown to have a positive impact on customers’ perceptions of businesses (Barnett et al., 2013). However, the precise size and nature of this effect is not known: there is a paucity of quantitative evidence in this area, particularly in the form of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The Food Standards Agency (FSA), in collaboration with Kantar’s Behavioural Practice, conducted a feasibility trial to investigate whether a randomised cluster trial – involving the proactive communication of allergen information at the point of sale in FBOs – is feasible in the United Kingdom (UK). Objectives: The trial sought to establish: ease of recruitments of businesses into trials; customer response rates for in-store outcome surveys; fidelity of intervention delivery by FBO staff; sensitivity of outcome survey measures to change; and appropriateness of the chosen analytical approach. Method: Following a recruitment phase – in which one of fourteen multinational FBOs was successfully recruited – the execution of the feasibility trial involved a quasi-randomised matched-pairs clustered experiment. Each of the FBO’s ten participating branches underwent pair-wise matching, with similarity of branches judged according to four criteria: Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) score, average weekly footfall, number of staff and customer satisfaction rating. The allocation ratio for this trial was 1:1: one branch in each pair was assigned to the treatment group by a representative from the FBO, while the other continued to operate in accordance with their standard operating procedure. As a business-based feasibility trial, customers at participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were automatically enrolled in the trial. The trial was single-blind: customers at treatment branches were not aware that they were receiving an intervention. All customers who visited participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were asked to complete a short in-store survey on a tablet affixed in branches. This survey contained four outcome measures which operationalised customers’: perceptions of food safety in the FBO; trust in the FBO; self-reported confidence to ask for allergen information in future visits; and overall satisfaction with their visit. Results: Fieldwork was conducted from the 3 – 20 March 2020, with cessation occurring prematurely due to the closure of outlets following the proliferation of COVID-19. n=177 participants took part in the trial across the ten branches; however, response rates (which ranged between 0.1 - 0.8%) were likely also adversely affected by COVID-19. Intervention fidelity was an issue in this study: while compliance with delivery of the intervention was relatively high in treatment branches (78.9%), erroneous delivery in control branches was also common (46.2%). Survey data were analysed using random-intercept multilevel linear regression models (due to the nesting of customers within branches). Despite the trial’s modest sample size, there was some evidence to suggest that the intervention had a positive effect for those suffering from allergies/intolerances for the ‘trust’ (β = 1.288, p<0.01) and ‘satisfaction’ (β = 0.945, p<0.01) outcome variables. Due to singularity within the fitted linear models, hierarchical Bayes models were used to corroborate the size of these interactions. Conclusions: The results of this trial suggest that a fully powered clustered RCT would likely be feasible in the UK. In this case, the primary challenge in the execution of the trial was the recruitment of FBOs: despite high levels of initial interest from four chains, only one took part. However, it is likely that the proliferation of COVID-19 adversely impacted chain participation – two other FBOs withdrew during branch eligibility assessment and selection, citing COVID-19 as a barrier. COVID-19 also likely lowered the on-site survey response rate: a significant negative Pearson correlation was observed between daily survey completions and COVID-19 cases in the UK, highlighting a likely relationship between the two. Limitations: The trial was quasi-random: selection of branches, pair matching and allocation to treatment/control groups were not systematically conducted. These processes were undertaken by a representative from the FBO’s Safety and Quality Assurance team (with oversight from Kantar representatives on pair matching), as a result of the chain’s internal operational restrictions.