Journal articles on the topic 'Heuristic instrument'
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Jasper, Fabian, and Tuulia M. Ortner. "The Tendency to Fall for Distracting Information While Making Judgments." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 30, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000214.
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Despite much research on thinking biases such as the representativeness, availability, and anchoring heuristics, a psychometrically sound measurement instrument for assessing the degree of heuristic thinking is still missing. Therefore, it was the goal of this study to develop and validate a new test to assess the degree of heuristic thinking associated with three particular thinking heuristics (i.e., the representativeness, availability, and anchoring heuristics). The resulting Objective Heuristic Thinking Test (OHTT) was evaluated with regard to its internal consistency, factor structure, construct validity, and stability in an internet sample (N = 300) and an independent laboratory sample (N = 55). Exploratory factor analyses resulted in three latent factors that represented the three OHTT subscales (i.e., representativeness, availability, and anchoring factors). Results revealed a low to sufficient internal consistency for each of the three scales. Further analyses indicated convergent correlations of the OHTT scales with related constructs such as field-independency. Furthermore, good stability of the test scores was shown. Conclusions are drawn regarding possible future applications of the OHTT as a promising tool for studying the origins of heuristic thinking processes.
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Pinto, Neila Newdirley Câmara, and Sheila Cordeiro Mota. "Prototipação e validação multifásica de instrumento avaliativo para ensino de jovens e adultos | Prototyping and multiphasic validation of an evaluation tool for youth and adult education." InfoDesign - Revista Brasileira de Design da Informação 17, no. 2 (November 25, 2020): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51358/id.v17i2.819.
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Este artigo apresenta os processos de desenvolvimento das fases de prototipação, testes e validação de um instrumento avaliativo inserido no contexto da educação de jovens e adultos, na fase alfabetizadora, em decorrência de perceber como o design educacional poderia contribuir para melhorar a experiência dos usuários prioritários – professores e alunos. Os requisitos do projeto foram construídos por meio da metodologia e das ferramentas utilizadas pelo Design Thinking, dentre elas cartões de insight e critérios norteadores. Na fase de prototipação foram utilizados os níveis recomendados por Vianna Vianna (2012), nos testes e validação foram utilizados instrumentos heurísticos – Principios Heuristicos de Nielsen e Molich (1990) e Leis da Simplicidade de Maeda (2006).*****This article presents the development processes of the prototyping, testing and validation phases of an evaluation instrument inserted in the context of youth and adult education, in the literacy phase, as a result of realizing how educational design could contribute to improving the experience of priority users - teachers and students. The project requirements were built using the methodology and tools used by Design Thinking, including insight cards and guiding criteria. In the prototyping phase, the levels recommended by Vianna Vianna (2012) were used, in the tests and validation heuristic instruments were used - Heuristic Principles of Nielsen and Molich (1990) and Simplicity Laws of Maeda (2006).
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Hughes, Jerald, Punit Ahluwalia, and Vishal Midha. "A heuristic evaluation instrument for e-government online software." Electronic Government, an International Journal 10, no. 1 (2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/eg.2013.051273.
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Tremoulet, Patrice, Ramya Krishnan, Dean Karavite, Naveen Muthu, Susan Regli, Amy Will, and Jeremy Michel. "A Heuristic Evaluation to Assess Use of After Visit Summaries for Supporting Continuity of Care." Applied Clinical Informatics 09, no. 03 (July 2018): 714–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1668093.
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Background Outpatient providers often do not receive discharge summaries from acute care providers prior to follow-up visits. These outpatient providers may use the after-visit summaries (AVS) that are given to patients to obtain clinical information. It is unclear how effectively AVS support care coordination between clinicians. Objectives Goals for this effort include: (1) developing usability heuristics that may be applied both for assessment and to guide generation of medical documents in general, (2) conducting a heuristic evaluation to assess the use of AVS for communication between clinicians, and (3) providing recommendations for generating AVS that effectively support both patient/caregiver use and care coordination. Methods We created a 17-item heuristic evaluation instrument for assessing usability of medical documents. Eight experts used the instrument to assess each of four simulated AVS. The simulations were created using examples from two hospitals and two pediatric patient cases developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Results Experts identified 224 unique usability problems ranging in severity from mild to catastrophic. Content issues (e.g., missing medical history, marital status of a 2-year-old) were rated as most severe, but widespread formatting and structural problems (e.g., inconsistent indentation, fonts, and headings; confusing ordering of information) were so distracting that they significantly reduced readers' ability to efficiently use the documents. Overall, issues in the AVS from Hospital 2 were more severe than those in the AVS from Hospital 1. Conclusion The new instrument allowed for quick, inexpensive evaluations of AVS. Usability issues such as unnecessary information, poor organization, missing information, and inconsistent formatting make it hard for patients, caregivers, and clinicians to use the AVS. The heuristics in the new instrument may be used as guidance to adapt electronic health record systems so that they generate more useful and usable medical documents.
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Azwardi, Gilang, and Rani Sugiarni. "PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LAPS-HEURISTIK." Pi: Mathematics Education Journal 2, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/pmej.v2i2.3335.
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Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab apakah setelah penerapan model LAPS-Heuristic(Logan Avenue Problem Solving) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi trigonometri di kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Cibeber. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif tipe Quasi Experimen dengan bentuk Design The Nonequivalent Prettest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA SMAN 1 Cibeber. Adapun penelitian ini dipilih sebanyak 2 kelas dari 3 kelas melalui teknik purposive samplingdan melibatkan sampel sebanyak 53 orang yang berasal dari dua kelas yang pilih. Kelas X IPA 2 dipilih sebagai kelas eksperimen yang memperoleh pembelajaran dengan model LAPS-Heuristik dan kelas X IPA 1 dipilih sebagai kelas kontrol yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa. Untuk mendapatkan data hasil penelitian digunakan instrument berupa tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dan kuisioner sikap siswa. Pengolahan data hasil penelitian ini menggunakan software SPSS versi 20. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dengan menggunkan model pembelajaran LAPS-Heuristic lebih baik di bandingan menggunakan model pembelajaran biasa. Sikap siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan model LAPS-Heuristic(Logan Avenue Problem Solving)sebagian besar positif.
Katakunci: Model LAPS-Heuristic; Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis.
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Gunasingham, Hari. "Heuristic approaches to the design of a cybernetic electroanalytical instrument." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 26, no. 3 (August 1, 1986): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci00051a008.
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Pradoko, Susilo, Maria Goretti Widyastuti, Fu’adi Fu’adi, and Birul Walidaini. "8Th Century Musical Instrument on Kalasan Temple’s Relief." Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education 21, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v21i1.28530.
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This research aims to unveil the types, size, figures, and functions of musical instruments carved as reliefs of Kalasan Temple as a way to revitalize the music from the 8th century. This research implements heuristic methods with Panofsky’s iconology analysis in three steps, which are pre-iconography, iconography, and iconology to analyse the reliefs of the Temple. The researchers validated the findings through forum group discussion with the Cultural Heritage Preservation Board of Yogyakarta. The findings show that (1) the relief of musical instruments in Kalasan temple is located on the head of Kala; (2) the musical instruments on the head are two wind instruments made of shells and a stringed instrument named vina; (3) there are two figures of musicians carved, which are two wind instruments players and a player of stringed instruments. The figures are depicted as heavenly creatures named Gandharva; (4) the measurement shows that the wind instruments have 35.98 cm length and 12.85 cm width, another one has 23.13 cm length and 12.85 cm width. Meanwhile, the stringed instrument has a length of 92.52 cm and 12.85 cm width; and (5) the musical instruments were performed to worship the Goddess of Tara.
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Nainggolan, Juliper. "Pengembangan Program Pembelajaran Praktikum Fisika Dasar Berorientasi Heuristik Terbimbing Terhadap Peningkatkan Kecakapan Akademik Mahasiswa." Jurnal Suluh Pendidikan 7, no. 1 (September 21, 2019): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36655/jsp.v7i1.120.
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Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengembangan program pembelajaran praktikum fisika dasar berorientasi heuristik terbimbing terhadap peningkatkan kecakapan akademik mahasiswa T.A 2018/2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan R&D (research and development) dengan desain penelitian one-shot case study pada uji coba I dan one group pretest-posttest design pada uji coba II. Teknik analisis data melalui analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, deskriptif kualitatif dan statistik induktif. Dengan populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh mahasiswa program studi pendidikan fisika semester II T.A 2018/2019 dengan jumlah keseluruhan 19 orang mahasiswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah (1) lembar observasi untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar mahasiswa dan kinerja mahasiswa, (2) tes objektif dalam bentuk pilihan berganda dan esai untuk mengetahui peningkatan kecakapan akademik mahasiswa, dan (3) angket untuk mengetahui respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran praktikum fisika berorientasi heuristik terbimbing. Sebelum instrumen ini digunakan terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas.
Setelah dilakukan pembelajaran praktikum fisika dasar berorientasi heuristik terbimbing diperoleh lah, nilai rata-rata aktivitas mahasiswa 84,71 ,nilai rata-rata kinerja mahasiswa 83,89 ,nilai rata-rata respon mahasiswa 88,48 dan nilai rata-rata postes 75,57 dengan standar deviasi 9.45. Nilai ketiga observasi disebut variabei X dan nilai postes disebut variabel Y kemudian dilakukan uji t dan uji regresi. Hasil uji prasyarat data postes menyatakan sampel terdistribusi normal dan homogen. Dan dilakukan uji t satu pihak ( Dari uji t satu pihak dan uji regresi disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pengembangan program pembelajaran praktikum fisika dasar berorientasi heuristik terbimbing untuk meningkatkan kecakapan akademik mahasiswa T.A 2018/2019. Sedangkan hubungan masing-masing variabel diindikasikan berpengaruh signifikan melalui uji regresi dengan perolehan hasil = -64,65+ 1,65 X.
Kata kunci : pengembangan program pembelajaran, pembelajaran heuristik terbimbing, kecakapan akademik mahasiswa.
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of guided heuristic-oriented basic physics practicum learning program development to improve academic skills of college students school year 2018/2019.
This study is a development study (research and development) with one-shot case study design on the first trial and one group pretest-posttest design on the second trial. Analysis technique of this study through quantitative descriptive analysis, qualitative descriptive and inductive statistics. Population of this study are all 19 second semester students faculty of Education of Physic school year 2018/2019. The instruments used were (1) observation sheets to find out student learning activities and student performance, (2) multiple choice objective tests and essays to find out the improvement of students academic skill, and (3) questionnaire to find out students responses to guided heuristic-oriented basic physics practicum learning. Validity and reliability tests are done before this instrument used.
After the guided heuristic-oriented basic physics practicum learning done, known that the average value of student activity is 84.71, the average value of student performance is 83.89, the average value of student responses is 88.48 and the average post-test score is 75.57 with a standard deviation of 9.45. All of that three value called variable X and the value of the post-test is called variable Y, then t-test and regression test are performed. The results of the post-test data prerequisite test stated that the sample was normally distributed and homogeneous. One-side t-test was performed (?=0.05), from the one-side t-test and the regression test results concluded that there was an influence of guided heuristic-oriented basic physics practicum learning program development to improve the students academic skill of school year 2018/2019. While the correlation of each variable is indicated to have a significant effect through a regression test with the acquisition of = -64,65+ 1,65 X.
Key words : development of learning programs, guided heuristic learning, student academic skills
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BRISOLA, Elizabeth Brown Vallim, and Vera Engler CURY. "Researcher experience as an instrument of investigation of a phenomenon: An example of heuristic research." Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) 33, no. 1 (March 2016): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-027520160001000010.
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Abstract Heuristic investigation, one of the lesser-known qualitative research methods in Brazil, is presented as a phenomenological research design in an empirical study investigating the experience of singing. This article describes the six phases of the heuristic method: initial engagement, immersion, incubation, illumination, explication, and creative synthesis. The method was developed by Clark Moustakas (1923-2012), an American clinical psychologist who, together with other renowned scholars such as Carl R. Rogers and Abraham H. Maslow, also contributed to the birth of Humanistic Psychology. The heuristic inquiry is a unique method in which the lived experience of the researcher becomes the main focus of the study, and it is used as an instrument in the process of understanding a given phenomenon. This method recognizes the importance of intuition and tacit knowledge as elements that enable comprehending a phenomenon and its meanings.
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Silva, Jojomar Lucena, and José Raimundo Novaes Chiappin. "A geometria como instrumento heurístico da reformulação da termodinâmica na representação de ciclos para a de potenciais." Principia: an international journal of epistemology 21, no. 3 (May 7, 2018): 291–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2017v21n3p291.
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History shows that up to 1870’s, the thermodynamic cycles, particularly Carnot’s cycle, were the most important heuristic instruments as much to formulate the general laws of physics as well to deduce the experimental laws. From this moment on, this instrument falls into disuse with surprising rapidity. At the end of this decade emerges a new thermodynamic formulation, proposed by Gibbs, the thermodynamics of the potentials. This sudden transition from thermodynamic of cycles to potentials was triggered by the difficult to approach the emergence of the phase transition phenomena with the diagrammatic method. The main objective of the article is, then, to analyze the consequences of the substitution, by Gibbs, of the diagrammatic by the geometric method, particularly, its heuristic potential related to the proposal of the formulation of the thermodynamic of potentials.
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Ali, Amir. "Evaluasi Heuristik Pada Web Based Learning Dalam Upaya Eningkatkan Kemudahan Pengisian Try Out Uji Kompetensi Bagi Mahasiswa D3 Rmik Stikes Yayasan Rs Dr.Soetomo." Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Yayasan RS.Dr. Soetomo 2, no. 1 (April 23, 2016): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29241/jmk.v2i1.52.
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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berisikan tentang evaluasi halaman antar muka dari aplikasi web based learning try out uji kompetensi rekam medik dan informasi kesehatan (RMIK). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi secara heuristic halaman antarmuka dari aplikasi web based learning try out uji kompetensi RMIK. Evaluasi halaman antar mukanya menggunakan metode evaluasi heuristik. Evaluasi terhadap halaman antar muka dengan metode evaluasi heuristik ini dimulai dari melakukan pengamatan terhadap aplikasi web based learning try out uji kompetensi RMIK yang dilakukan oleh 79 pengguna kemudian melakukan usability testing yaitu melakukan sejumlah tugas terstruktur termasuk melakukan ujian try out uji kompetensi serta mengisi kuesioner yang mewakili 10 prinsip evaluasi heuristik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai rata-rata (mean) sebesar 2.91 untuk perhitungan dengan menggunakan skala likert yang masuk pada kategori mudah dalam hal penggunaan aplikasinya. uji reabilitas dan validitas instrument penelitian diperoleh nilai cronbach alfa sebesar 0,907.
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Barai, Sudhikumar, and Padmesh Charan Pandey. "KNOWLEDGE BASED EXPERT SYSTEM APPROACH TO INSTRUMENTATION SELECTION (INSEL)." TRANSPORT 19, no. 4 (August 31, 2004): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2004.9637971.
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The selection of appropriate instrumentation for any structural measurement of civil engineering structure is a complex task. Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help in an organized use of experiential knowledge available on instrumentation for laboratory and in‐situ measurement. Usually, the instrumentation decision is based on the experience and judgment of experimentalists. The heuristic knowledge available for different types of measurement is domain dependent and the information is scattered in varied knowledge sources. The knowledge engineering techniques can help in capturing the experiential knowledge. This paper demonstrates a prototype knowledge based system for INstrument SELection (INSEL) assistant where the experiential knowledge for various structural domains can be captured and utilized for making instrumentation decision. In particular, this Knowledge Based Expert System (KBES) encodes the heuristics on measurement and demonstrates the instrument selection process with reference to steel bridges. INSEL runs on a microcomputer and uses an INSIGHT 2+ environment.
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Gresse von Wangenheim, Christiane, Talita A. Witt, Adriano Ferreti Borgatto, Juliane Vargas Nunes, Thaisa Cardoso Lacerda, Caroline Krone, and Laís de Oliveira Souza. "A Usability Score for Mobile Phone Applications Based on Heuristics." International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction 8, no. 1 (January 2016): 23–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmhci.2016010102.
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Mobile phones are becoming the most widespread personal consumer device. Yet, offering mobile access anywhere, anytime for anybody poses new challenges to usability. So far there is little research on how to customize usability heuristics to the specific characteristics of mobile phone applications. Therefore, this article presents a set of tailored usability heuristics based on a systematic literature review. In order to facilitate the usage of these heuristics, the authors design and validate a measurement instrument (checklist) and scale. The checklist has been validated through an empirical study in which the results of 247 heuristic evaluations have been statistically analyzed using Item Response Theory. Based on the results, the measurement items have been calibrated and a standardized measurement scale has been constructed. The results can be used to measure usability of mobile phone applications from early on in the design process, and, thus, facilitate evaluations in a cost-effective way.
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Pramita, Dewi, and Muh Rusmayadi. "Pengaruh Strategi Heuristik Pada Pendekatan Pemecahan Masalah Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas VIII SMP." JTAM | Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika 2, no. 2 (October 30, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v2i2.722.
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Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi heuristik pada pendekatan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa di kelas VIII SMP pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes yang berjumlah 6 soal uraian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 65,8 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol sebesar 58,68. Hasil uji-t diperoleh t-hitung sebesar 2.53 dan t-tabel sebesar 2,02. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar antara siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan setelah diberikan perlakuan berbeda. Sehingga strategi heuristik pada pendekatan pemecahan masalah yang digunakan lebih berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa dibandingkan dengan metode pembelajaran langsung pada materi persamaan linear dua variabel.Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heuristic strategies on the mathematical problem solving approach of students in class VIII of Junior High School on the material of Two Variable Linear Equation Systems. This type of research is quasi-experimental. The population of this study was the eighth grade students of junior high school. The instrument used is a test which amounts to 6 questions. The results showed that the average results of the experimental class posttest were 65.8 and the control class average value was 58.68. The t-test results obtained t-count of 2.53 and t-Tabel of 2.02. This shows that the learning outcomes between the experimental class students and the control class have significant differences after being given different treatments. So that the heuristic strategy in the problem solving approach used is more influential on student learning outcomes compared to the direct learning method in the two-variable linear equation material
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Habibie, Zulqoidi R., Nurlev Avana, and Sundahry Sundahry. "PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN STRATEGI HEURISTIK POLYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA." Jurnal Tunas Pendidikan 4, no. 2 (March 7, 2022): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52060/pgsd.v4i2.730.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in students' critical thinking skills after receiving learning with the Heuristic Strategy compared to the critical thinking abilities of students who received mathematics learning with conventional learning, and how students' attitudes toward learning mathematics with Polya's heuristic strategy were. This study used an experimental method on the entire population of class VII students of SMPN 1 Muara Bungo, while two classes were randomly selected as samples. The instrument used in this research is a test of students' mathematical critical thinking skills and attitude scale. The test used is a description type test. The results of this study can be concluded that: (1) the mathematical critical thinking ability of students who receive mathematics learning with Polya's Heuristic Strategy is better than students who receive conventional learning models; and (2) students have a positive attitude towards learning mathematics by using Polya's Heuristic Strategy. From these conclusions, the authors suggest that Polya's Heuristic Strategy can be used as an alternative for teachers to carry out the teaching and learning process in the classroom and similar research be conducted to reveal understanding abilities in other mathematics subject matter, which were not examined in this study.
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Indrati, Aviarini, and Bayu Saputra. "ANALISIS USABILITY LAYANAN BCA MOBILE BANKING BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI PENGGUNA MENGGUNAKAN HEURISTIC EVALUATION." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik 2, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56127/juit.v2i1.469.
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BCA is the biggest private bank in Indonesia, which is the choice for the public and has an important role in the Indonesian economy. One of the major services is BCA Mobile Banking. BCA also wants the growth of digital services based on the user experience of its customers who feel comfortable, safe and loyal. The purpose of this research is to analyze the interface design and usability of BCA Mobile Banking services using the Heuristic Evaluation method and to analyze the influence of sex, age and duration of user experience. The research method consists of 5 steps, develop a research model and compile the instrument, test the validity and reliability of the instrument, collect the data, process the data and analyze the data. The results of this research are that users have a high level of satisfaction with BCA m-banking services, the level of satisfaction is influenced by sex, age and duration of user experience in service. BCA Mobile Banking has implemented interface design and usability.
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Rahman, Ira Silviana, Nerru Pranuta Murnaka, and Wiwik Wiyanti. "Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Laps (Logan Avenue Problem Solving)-Heuristik Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah." WACANA AKADEMIKA: Majalah Ilmiah Kependidikan 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30738/wa.v2i1.2556.
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The background of this research is the mathematics problem solving skill of students that had not been developed optimally. One of the learning models that’s expected to increase problem solving skills is LAPS (Logan Avenue Problem Solving)-Heuristic. The aim of this research is to compare the increase of mathematics problem solving skill between students who were taught by using LAPS-Heuristic model and conventional method. The kind of this research was quasi experimental by using nonequivalent control group design. Sample selection method used was cluster sampling that was obtained from grade VIII.3 as the experimental group learning using LAPS-Heuristic and VIII.2 as control group learning using conventional learning in SMPN 9 Tangerang. Instrument that was used in this research were test of mathematics problem solving and worksheet. The n-gain acquired from the experimental class amounted to 0.379 and 0.261 for the control class. Based on test results obtained by the hypothesis the t-value is greater than t'. The result of this research shows that the increase of mathematics problem solving skill of students who were taught by using LAPS-Heuristic model was higher than those taught with conventional method.
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Pelaez Jara, Melani. "The Ascending and Fading of a Progressive Policy Instrument: The Climate Change Factor in Southern Germany." Water 12, no. 4 (April 8, 2020): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041050.
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The climate change factor (CCF) is a precautionary instrument for technical flood protection that was introduced in Southern Germany in the early 2000s. The CCF was designed as a surcharge value to be added to all new technical flood protection facilities, such as dams, protection walls, and retention areas. This paper deconstructs the conditions and processes that led to the creation of this new policy instrument. Following the instrument choice framework, the paper analyzes in a heuristic manner, the institutions, actors, discourses, and decision context that were part of this process from the early 1990s to 2004, when the instrument was introduced. In order to better understand the scope of this regional instrument, the paper also briefly depicts four non-representative cases of flood risk and protection management, where the instrument was either applied or avoided. The article closes with an assessment of the CCF, concluding that the innovativeness of this instrument faded once the overarching sectoral paradigm shifted from technical flood protection to more comprehensive flood risk management.
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Aungkulanon, Pasura. "Comparison of Bee Algorithm and Scheduling Methodologies: A Case Study of Manufacturing in Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 835 (May 2016): 864–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.835.864.
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The aim of this research is to study the problem and efficiency improvement of the instrument factory in Thailand. The methods of production schedule are performed by four heuristic techniques which are Shortest Processing Time (SPT), Earliest Due Date (EDD), First Come First Serve (FCFS) and Bee algorithm (BA). All four methods aim to reduce the cost of delay shipment and time loss in manufacturing process. We apply these methods in the production process in an instrument factory. The results show that BA method is powerful in term of minimize make span and average completion time. Whereas, SPT method is the best method for finding minimum value of total late job.
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Poczwardowski, Artur, Clay P. Sherman, and Keith P. Henschen. "A Sport Psychology Service Delivery Heuristic: Building on Theory and Practice." Sport Psychologist 12, no. 2 (June 1998): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.12.2.191.
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This article outlines 11 factors that a consultant may consider when planning, implementing, and evaluating psychological services. These factors are professional boundaries; professional philosophy; making contact; assessment; conceptualizing athletes’ concerns and potential interventions; range, types, and organization of service; program implementation; managing the self as an intervention instrument; program and consultant evaluation; conclusions and implications; and leaving the setting. All 11 factors represent important considerations for applied sport psychology professionals. Although consultants each have their own unique style and approach, these 11 factors are prerequisite considerations that form the foundation of a consultant’s effective practice. These guidelines may provide direction for a practitioner’s professional development, and as such, need time and commitment to be realized.
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Lin, Mengqian, and Rui Zhao. "A Study of Piano-Assisted Automated Accompaniment System Based on Heuristic Dynamic Planning." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4999447.
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In this paper, a piano-assisted automated accompaniment system is designed and applied to a practical process using a heuristic dynamic planning approach. In this paper, we aim at the generation of piano vocal weaves in accompaniment from the perspective of assisting pop song writing, build an accompaniment piano generation tool through a set of systematic algorithm design and programming, and realize the generation of recognizable and numerous weaving styles within a controlled range under the same system. The mainstream music detection neural network approaches usually convert the problem into a similar way as image classification or sequence labelling and then use models such as convolutional neural networks or recurrent neural networks to solve the problem; however, the existing neural network approaches ignore the music relative loudness estimation subtask and ignore the inherent temporality of music data when solving the music detection task. However, the existing music generation neural network methods have not yet solved the problems of discrete integrability brought by piano roll representation music data and the still-limited control domain and variety of instruments generated in the controllable music generation task. To solve these two problems, this paper proposes a controlled music generation neural network model for multi-instrument polyphonic music. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by conducting several sets of experiments on the collected MIDICN data set, and the experimental results show that the model achieves better performance in the aspects of negative log-likelihood value, perplexity, musicality measure, domain similarity analysis, and manual evaluation.
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Pradhan, Rabindra Kumar, Lalatendu Kesari Jenar, and Cesar Merino Soto. "WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY IN INDIAN ORGANISATIONS: CONSTRUCTION OF RELIABLE AND VALID MEASUREMENT SCALE." Business: Theory and Practice 18 (May 3, 2017): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2017.005.
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The purpose of the paper was to develop and validate a comprehensive tool for measuring workplace spirituality. On the basis of literature, feedback from academic and industry professionals, a heuristic framework along with a scale on workplace spirituality was proposed and a questionnaire was developed. The instrument obtained empirical views from experts on its dimensions and statements. Content validity ratio (CVR) of the instrument was carried out and the retained items were taken for field survey. Three hundred and sixty one executive respondents employed in manufacturing and service organisations in Indian subcontinent responded to the 44 items scale assessing different facets of spirituality at workplace. This helped to validate the factors of workplace spirituality and optimize the contents of the proposed instrument with the help of structural equation modelling. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four distinct factors that constitute the new instrument of workplace spirituality: spiritual orientation, compassion, meaningful work, and alignment of values. Reliability analysis reported high level of internal consistency of the total scale (α = .78) and the five subscales (α’s ranging from .75 to .87). Finally, 30 items were retained with four important factors of Workplace Spirituality Scale.
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Neumann, Franziska. "Vormoderne Organisationen." Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung: Volume 47, Issue 4 47, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 591–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/zhf.47.4.591.
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Premodern Organizations. Membership and “Formal Organization” in the Saxon Mining Administration of the 16th Century This article examines the emergence of early modern “formal organisations”. It uses the term “formal organisation” as a heuristic instrument – or with Peter von Moos: as a “controlled anachronism”. That is, formal organizations did not exist in historical reality in the contemporary sense. But as an ideal type, the concept allows us to get a better impression of the specific conditions, ambiguities, and longer-term dynamics of the formation of administrative structures.
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Wibowo, Astrid Wahyu Adventri. "ANALISIS USABILITAS PADA APLIKASI MANDIRI ONLINE." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 15, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.15.1.11-19.
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Internet banking atau mobile banking adalah salah satu bentuk aplikasi yang berbasis internet yang dapat digunakan sebagai pintu gerbang menuju dunia perbankan masa depan. Dalam memberikan layanan, pihak bank tidak ingin mengecewakan nasabahnya karena aplikasi internet banking yang sulit digunakan sehingga mengakibatkan nasabah gagal dalam mencari informasi atau gagal melakukan aktivitas perbankan. Melihat pentingnya usabilitas sebuah aplikasi, maka dilakukan penelitian terhadap aplikasi Mandiri Online untuk mengetahui kelayakan dari aplikasi tersebut, mengidentifikasi permasalahan usabilitas, serta menyusun rekomendasi perbaikan. Aplikasi tersebut diuji menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS) dan pendekatan heuristic evaluation dengan responden sebanyak 40 orang untuk metode SUS dan 5 evaluator dengan kriteria single-expert untuk pendekatan heuristic evaluation. Hasil pengujian aplikasi Mandiri Online dengan instrumen SUS adalah sebesar 79,6 yang berarti aplikasi Mandiri Online dinyatakan dapat diterima (acceptable), termasuk dalam grade B dengan rating good. Dari penelitian ini juga diketahui bahwa terdapat beberapa permasalahan usabilitas mayor yang harus segera diperbaiki dan harus diberi prioritas tinggi. Dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut membutuhkan beberapa usaha, seperti menambahkan fitur search untuk mencari nama bank, membuat pengelompokkan instansi pada menu multipayment, membuat atau menambahkan panduan penggunaan atau flowchart penggunaan Mandiri Online, dan menambahkan fitur help pada Mandiri Online. Abstract[Title: Usability Analysis of Mandiri Online Apllication] Internet banking or mobile banking is a form of internet-based application that can be used as a gateway to the future of banking. In providing services, banks won’t to let down their customers because of internet banking applications are difficult to use, resulting in failure to find information or fail to conduct banking activities. Seeing the importance of application usability, a study of Mandiri Online application was conducted to find out the appropriatness of the application, identify usability issues, and construct recommendations for application improvement. This application was tested using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and heuristic evaluation approach with 40 respondents for the SUS and 5 evaluators with single-expert criteria for the heuristic evaluation. The result of testing the Mandiri Online application with the SUS instrument amounted to 79,6 which means this application was declared acceptable, included in grade B, and with a good rating. From this study it is also known that there are some major usability problems that must be corrected immediately and must be given high priority. In solving these problems requires several efforts, such as adding search feature to search the bank’s name, creating agency groups on multipayment menu, creating or adding usage guidelines or flowcharts for using Mandiri Online, and adding help feature to Mandiri Online.Keywords: Heuristic Evaluation; System Usability Scale; Usability
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Peña, Victor Alberto, and Alina Gómez-Mejía. "Effect of heuristic anchoring and adjustment, and optimism bias, in stock market forecasts." Revista Finanzas y Política Económica 11, no. 2 (March 2, 2020): 389–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.14718/revfinanzpolitecon.2019.11.2.10.
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Stock market forecasting is an important and challenging process that influences investment decisions. This paper presents an experimental design that aims to measure the influence of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic and optimism bias in these forecasts. The study was conducted using information from the S&P MILA Pacific Alliance Select financial index; this was presented to 670 students from the cities of Concepción (Chile), Cali (Colombia), and Lima (Peru). Data was collected and presented through an instrument that asked participants to make a forecast judgment of the said financial index, based on the presented graphics, representing a year, a month, a week, and the last closing value of the index. Thus, it was possible to measure the influence of the anchor and adjustment heuristic in order to establish whether the presence of an initial value affected the financial forecast. Similarly, the study sought to determine whether the judgment issued was biased toward an optimistic or pessimistic position, thereby proving the presence of an error or expectation bias, known as optimism bias. The results were analyzed using the least squares method, and the data panel confirmed that the anchoring and adjustment heuristic influences the forecast of the financial index used in the study. Similarly, the presence of optimism bias in the cognitive process of forecasting in finance was inferred.
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Mikhail, Thomas. "Zum Einsatz von Definitionen in Pädagogik und Erziehungswissenschaft." Vierteljahrsschrift für wissenschaftliche Pädagogik 95, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890581-09501014.
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Abstract On the Use of Definitions in Pedagogy and Educational Science. A Historical Journey with Systematic Intent In the academic genre of pedagogy and educational science, definitions were used from the very beginning. The question is if it is possible to differentiate between types of definitions within the history of these sciences. To answer this question the paper revives two different types of traditional definitions in order to generate a typology of definition usage. The typology can be used as a heuristic instrument for further systematic and historical research.
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Suparman, Silva Fadilah, and Nurani Hadnistia Darmawan. "SCIENCE WRITING HEURISTIC: TO ENHANCE STUDENTS' COMMUNICATION AND RESEARCH SKILL." Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang 8, no. 2 (December 9, 2022): 1296–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v8i2.352.
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The 21st century paradigm requires humans to develop various skills, including communication skills and research skills. In the context of learning activities, the importance of mastering communication skills is that students can express their thoughts, ideas, knowledge, or new information in the form of verbal and non-verbal. The importance of developing research skills is that research activities can stimulate critical thinking and problem solving skills. The purpose of this study was to improve written communication skills and research skills of prospective teacher students at STKIP Bina Mutiara Sukabumi by implementing the Science Writing Heuristic (SWH) approach. This study used a pre-experimental method with a single group pre-test post-test design. The research instrument used was a subjective test in form of essay consisted of 14 items, with details of 4 items derived from indicators of written communication skills and 10 items derived from indicators of research skills. The sample of this research was 15 students of STKIP Bina Mutiara Sukabumi. The results showed that students' written communication skills and research skills improved by using the SWH approach. The results of the t-test conducted were 0.00 < α = 0.05, indicating that the SWH approach had a significant effect on students' written communication skills and research skills. The gain test results obtained an n-gain value of 0.456 for written communication skills and 0.501 for research skills which indicated that the increase in both skills was in the "medium" category.
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Lukman, Hamidah Suryani, Ana Setiani, and Nur Agustiani. "Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Berdasarkan Teori Krulik dan Rudnick: Analisis Validitas Konten." Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 7, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 326–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i1.1761.
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Biasanya instrument asesmen yang dirancang guru lebih berfokus pada ranah kognitif, khususnya pada aspek pengetahuan dan pemahaman, sehingga kurang menggali kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan indikator heuristic Krulik dan Rudnick sebagai alah satu alternatif solusi untuk membantu guru mewujudkan pembelajaran yang mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development dengan model ADDIE. Namun pada artikel ini tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan terbatas hanya sampai tahap ADD (Analysis, Design, dan Development). Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi instrumen yang terdiri dari tiga aspek penilaian yaitu penilaian kelayakan isi, penilaian aspek bahasa, dan penilaian kesesuaian butir soal dengan indikator Krulik dan Rudnick yang disajikan dalam 38 pertanyaan. Proses validasi dilakukan oleh lima orang Ahli Pendidikan Matematika menggunakan Teknik delphi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, produk instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis denagn indikator Krulik dan Rudnick, 92% telah memenuhi kriteria penilaian kelayakan isi dan tergolong kategori sangat valid. Pada aspek kelayakan bahasa, 88% kriteria penilaian sudah terpenuhi dan tergolong kategori sangat valid. Pada aspek kesesuaian butir soal dengan indikator Krulik dan Rudnick, 90,20% kriteria penilaian sudah terpenuhi dan tergolong kategori sangat valid. Dengan demikian, secara keseluruhan 90% kriteria penilaian kelayakan instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis Krulik dan Rudnick sudah terpenuhi, tergolong kategori sangat valid, serta layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
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Škrabul’áková, Erika Fecková. "From Multicriterial Data Analysis Up to the Exclusive Contract." Tatra Mountains Mathematical Publications 72, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tmmp-2018-0018.
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Abstract In the present paper, we propose a heuristic for identifying the key supplier of a company. In order to develop the supplier’s evaluation tool, we use the multicriterial data analysis. The main statistical instrument here is the principal component analysis. Using the data from all realized orders of a chosen company in Slovakia from the year 2017, we identify its key supplier. Hence, this study helps to close the gap between theoretical work on principal component analysis and actual practice. The importance of the present work underlines the fact that the company is planning to sign an exclusive contract with the recommended supplier.
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Dickel, Sascha, and Martina Franzen. "The "Problem of Extension" revisited: new modes of digital participation in science." Journal of Science Communication 15, no. 01 (January 21, 2016): A06. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.15010206.
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Citizen Science is part of a broader reconfiguration of the relationship between science and the public in the digital age: Knowledge production and the reception of scientific knowledge are becoming increasingly socially inclusive. We argue that the digital revolution brings the "problem of extension" — identified by Collins and Evans in the context of science and technology governance — now closer to the core of scientific practice. In order to grasp the implications of the inclusion of non-experts in science, the aim of this contribution is to define a role-set of non-certified knowledge production and reception, serving as a heuristic instrument for empirical clarifications.
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Achenbach, Peter. "Sustainability Balanced Scorecard as Cost Accounting Instrument for Small and Medium Sized Companies." SHS Web of Conferences 115 (2021): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111503002.
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This paper deals with the sustainability management concept of the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC), which is a further development of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) developed by Kaplan and Norton in the 1990s. In the SBSC the four classical perspectives of the BSC, which comprise “Finance”, “Customers”, “Internal Processes” and “Learning & Development”, are expanded to include environmental and social aspects (“Non Market”) enabling sustainability aspects to be fully integrated into the strategic management of companies. After a generic presentation of the elements of a BSC this paper shows the individual steps for the implementation of an SBSC, which as a heuristic for the creation of a target system, can contribute to the transformation of sustainability strategies into actions. The “openness” of the SBSC makes it possible that sustainability is not limited to a small number of companies that are primarily active in ecologically and socially oriented sectors, but appears practicable for all those companies that want to improve their performance in all three dimensions of sustainability through increases in ecological- and social-effectiveness and rises in ecological- and social-efficiency. By overcoming the “trade-off” between profit orientation and the focus on sustainability it is thus possible to achieve through enlarged consumer- and producer surplus an important contribution to the overall increase in the welfare economy.
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Paour, Jean-Louis, and Christine Bailleux. "Developing the Concept of Order: An Example of Constructivist Remediation for Optimizing Memory and Learning Processes." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 8, no. 2 (July 2009): 128–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.8.2.128.
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In relation to the theme of this special issue, we present a recently developed instrument (ORDO) in order to demonstrate the heuristic value of the constructivist conception of conceptual development for devising cognitive remediation tools. It seems opportune to present this remedial instrument because the concept of order that it seeks to build is rather directly linked to memorization, basic school learning, and learning disabilities. In the first part, we begin by contrasting a constructivist remediation with a metacognitive one. Then, considering the decisive contribution of sequential processes to early school learning and the link between defective or inadequate sequential processes and learning disabilities, we defend the idea that promoting understanding of the concept of order constitutes a relevant educational and remedial objective. We argue that the combination of a metacognitive approach with interventions designed to foster conceptual development is a valuable alternative to processual training or mere metacognitive interventions. In the second part, we present the objectives of our proposed constructivist intervention, detail and justify the steps of its construction, describe its general organization, and give some examples of tasks and activities.
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Metz, Peter C., Thomas Huegle, Daniel Olds, and Katharine Page. "Simulating and benchmarking neutron total scattering instrumentation from inception of events to reduced and fitted data." Journal of Applied Crystallography 54, no. 4 (June 14, 2021): 1047–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576721004787.
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In the design and realization of modern neutron scattering instrumentation, particularly when designing beamline concepts from the ground up, it is desirable to fully benchmark against realistically simulated data. This is especially true for total scattering beamlines, where the future deliverable data is to be analysed in both reciprocal- and real-space representations, and needs must be carefully balanced to ensure sufficient range, resolution and flux of the instrument. An approach to optimize the design of neutron scattering instrumentation via a workflow including ray-tracing simulations, event-based data reduction, heuristic analysis and fitting against realistically simulated spectra is demonstrated here. The case of the DISCOVER beamline concept at the Spallation Neutron Source is used as an example. The results of the calculations are benchmarked through simulation of existing instrumentation and subsequent direct comparison with measured data. On the basis of the validated models, the ability to explore design characteristics for future beamline concepts or future instrument improvements is demonstrated through the examples of detector tube size and detector layout.
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STOHR, MARY K., CRAIG HEMMENS, ROBERT L. MARSH, GARY BARRIER, and DAN PALHEGYI. "Can't Scale This? The Ethical Parameters of Correctional Work." Prison Journal 80, no. 1 (March 2000): 56–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885500080001004.
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As most correctional institutions have retained their paramilitary structure, the power differentials and communication lines continue to favor concentration in the top echelons of the organizations. Yet, power and communication are regulated and delimited informally by the actions of middle-level managers and lower level workers, and by subcultural influences within the organization. Because of these attributes, correctional work is characterized by discretionary decision making, particularly when the matter is minor, hidden from view, and sanctioned by the subculture. Acting in an ethical manner (i.e., doing the right thing) in such a closed, structured, but informally functional environment requires a recognition and appreciation of the complexity of the milieu along with a willingness to forge ahead. This article explores the ethical parameters of corrections work in a typical medium-security prison. In an effort to determine what the correctional staff regarded as ethical behavior, the authors administered a questionnaire to them using a newly developed ethics instrument. The authors endeavor to identify the major attributes of ethical work in prison and to establish the heuristic value of the instrument for future research.
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Alfieri, Paolo. "Physical Education for Italian School Children during the Totalitarian Fascist Regime." Historia scholastica 7, no. 1 (November 2021): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/006/2021-1-004.
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Recent general and educational historiography suggests that, under Mussolini, physical training was viewed as a key instrument for disciplining children’s ideas and values as well as their bodies, and thus for inoculating them with fascist ideology. In this essay, I trace the evolution of the regime’s totalitarian educational project in relation to the teaching of physical education in primary schools, a novel topic and heuristic perspective that has been typically overlooked by historiographers. To this end, I analyse national legislation, school curricula, ministerial circulars, and teachers’ manuals and journals, examining developments in physical education for school-age children in terms of both its pedagogical or ideological meanings and the teaching methods adopted.
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Sudiarsa, I. Wayan, and I. Gusti Bagus Wiraditya. "Analisis Usability Pada Aplikasi Peduli Lindungi Sebagai Aplikasi Informasi Dan Tracking Covid-19 Dengan Heuristic Evaluation." INTECOMS: Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 3, no. 2 (December 27, 2020): 354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/intecoms.v3i2.1901.
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Berbagai usaha dilakukan oleh pemerintah Republik Indonesia untuk menangani penyebaran virus covid-19. Salah satu terobosan dari pemerintah adalah dengan membuat aplikasi Peduli Lindungi, aplikasi ini diharapkan mampu untuk memberikan peringatan kepada masyarakat apabila memasuki area terdampak covid-19, lokasi fasilitas kesehatan dan melakukan pelacakan apabila ada orang-orang yang berpotensi terinfeksi virus covid-19. Singkatnya waktu dalam peluncuran aplikasi peduli dan lindungi memunculkan pertanyaaan tentang usability aplikasi ini untuk diterapkan di masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tahapan melakukan perancangan instrument uji usability, melaksanakan pengumpulan data usability dengan melibatkan evaluator/panel ahli, melakukan analisa terhadap hasil uji. Berdasarkan Nielsen Model faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas usability aplikasi adalah: learnability, memorability, efficiency, errors, dan user’s satisfaction. Setelah melakukan pengujian didapatkan 9 permasalahan dengan Heuristic Evaluation dan penaanganan error memiliki nilai terendah, secara keseluruhan usability dari aplikasi bisa dikatakan sudah baik dan bisa memberikan informasi yang diharapkan oleh user.
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Santosa, Hendra. "Critical Analysis on Historiography of Gamelan Bebonangan In Bali." Paramita: Historical Studies Journal 30, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i1.18480.
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Historical sources on gamelan Bebonangan refer to the different shapes and forms of the ensemble. This inevitably results in perplexity on the origin, shapes, and forms of gamelan Bebenongan. The paper, therefore, aims to redress the confusion by rewriting it through critical history, a type of criticism on historical sources related to the term gamelan Bebonangan in Bali. The method used for the paper is historical approaches that include heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography as the finale. The word bebonangan is not found in historical sources of Balinese karawitan in the form of Old Javanese literature, which is today preserved in Bali and the Balinese literature itself. The only literary work that mentions these pencon-ed instruments is the Book of Pararaton, calling the as reyong instruments. The Book of Prakempa refers to the instruments in names such as reyong barangan and reyong pangageng. By indicating that the reyong instrument becomes the main instrument, one may expect peculiarity in the claims. It may be pointed out that opinions have been led in the beginning by the foreign influence to impose the view to the Balinese to challenge their own identity and, at the same time to be applauded for their arts and culture.Sumber sejarah tentang gamelan Bebonangan yang menunjuk bentuk dan wujud yang berbeda. Hal ini tentu saja menyebabkan kesimpang siuran tentang asal-usul dan wujud gamelan Bebonangan itu sendiri. Oleh karenanya penulisan ini bertujuan untuk meluruskan kesimpangsiuran yang terjadi dengan menuliskannya melalui kritik terhadap sumber-sumber sejarah istilah gamelan Bebonangan di Bali. Metode yang dipergunakan yaitu metode sejarah yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi atau penafsiran, dan terakhir adalah historiografi. Kata bebonangan tidak ditemukan dalam sumber-sumber sejarah karawitan Bali yang berupa literatur kesusastraan Jawa Kuna yang sekarang diawetkan di Bali dan literatur kesusastraan Bali sendiri. Satu-satunya karya kesusastraan yang menyebutkan instrumen berpencon ini adalah kitab pararaton yang menyebutnya dengan instrumen reyong. Prakempa menyebutkan instrumen-instrumen gamelan Bebonangan antara lain reyong Barangan dan reyong Pangageng. Merujuk hal tersebut dimana instrumen reyong merupakan instrumen utama, maka tentulah hal ini menjadi sebuah keanehan. Sepertinya telah terjadi penggiringan sejak awal, adanya pengacauan asing telah memaksakan orang Bali untuk mempertanyakan dasar identitas mereka, pada saat yang sama mereka juga mendapat sanjungan untuk seni dan budayaannya.
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Funk, Holger. "Describing plants in a new mode: the introduction of dichotomies into sixteenth-century botanical literature." Archives of Natural History 41, no. 1 (April 2014): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2014.0213.
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The use of dichotomous tables to identify a plant and to visualize inter-relationships and differences between plants was commonly credited to the first edition of Flore françoise by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck published in 1778. However, evidence for an origin of this technique in the seventeenth and sixteenth century also exists. The present paper scrutinizes the extra-botanical origin of dichotomous tables and suggests the first half of the sixteenth century as the time when they were introduced into botanical writings. Bracketed outlines, the common format of such dichotomous tables, evolved from a typographical artifice into a heuristic instrument for reasoning methodologically about plant characteristics (“differentiae”) and finally into a means of describing and ordering the plants themselves in a new manner.
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Ebnehoseini, Zahra, Mahmood Tara, Marziyhe Meraji, Kolsoum Deldar, Farnaz Khoshronezhad, and Sanaz Khoshronezhad. "Usability Evaluation of an Admission, Discharge, and Transfer Information System: A Heuristic Evaluation." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 1941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.392.
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BACKGROUND: Admission, discharge and, transfer (ADT) process is one of the most important hospital workflows. ADT system is a part of a hospital information system (HIS).
AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usability of the ADT system.
METHODS: The study performed at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) hospitals. Data collection instrument was a validated checklist of Pierotti heuristic evaluation. To determine the severity of usability problems, a hybrid of Nielson and Tampere unit for computer-human interaction (TAUCHI) severity scaling algorithm was used. Usability problems were divided into five categories (major, severe, minor, cosmetic, and technical). Six experts evaluated the ADT system independently. According to TAUCHI severity scale, if a feature has not yet been implemented in the ADT system, evaluators considered it a technical usability problem. Therefore, usability problems due to non-design feature in the ADT system were identified. Finally, the mean severity of each usability problems was calculated.
RESULTS: A total of 186 usability problems were identified. The frequency of major, sever, minor and cosmetic usability problems were 2, 65, 69 and 50, respectively. A total of 55 usability problems by the evaluators were recognised as technical problems. The highest mismatch with usability principles was related to the “recognition rather than recall”. The range of the mean severity of usability problems was between 0-2.31.
CONCLUSIONS: Our result showed that although implementation of IHIS on a large scale, it still suffered from unresolved usability problems. Identification of usability problems and evaluation of their level of severity, which was simultaneously performed in this study, can be used as a guide to evaluate the usability of other HISs.
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Miremadi, Tahereh. "Transitional foresight: MLP as the theoretical underpinning of CLA: the case of the water sector of Iran." foresight 23, no. 4 (February 26, 2021): 385–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-04-2020-0043.
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Purpose The paper aims to complement the six pillars analysis with the multi-level perspective to make it more systematic and policy relevant. Design/methodology/approach Take the innovation system foresight as the exemplar; the paper asks if the other systemic approaches to innovation can function as the middle range theory and underpin critical future studies. To answer, the paper combines the six-pillar approach (SPA) with the multilevel perspective (MLP) and builds “transitional foresight”. Then it takes the fourth pillar; transitional causal layered analysis and applies it to a case study: water stress in Iran. The paper concludes noting that in transitional foresight, the borderlines, the players and the orientations of the foresight are clearer than the six-pillar analysis. Findings The SPA and MLP-integrated framework make a powerful research instrument for transitional foresight. Research limitations/implications The paper applied the integrated framework to a case “water system in Iran”. But the framework should be applied in different cases in different countries to test its applicability. Practical implications The suggested framework can be used as a heuristics for the students and researchers who want to engage with the emancipatory perspective of the six-pillar approach and need to have an academic methodology with rigor and granularity. Originality/value The six-pillar approach of Sohail Inayatullah and the multilevel perspective of Geels can combine to make a powerful heuristic for transitional foresight.
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Shepperd, James A., Nikolette P. Lipsey, Thorsten Pachur, and Erika A. Waters. "Understanding the Cognitive and Affective Mechanisms that Underlie Proxy Risk Perceptions among Caregivers of Asthmatic Children." Medical Decision Making 38, no. 5 (April 9, 2018): 562–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x18759933.
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Objective. Medical decisions made on behalf of another person—particularly those made by adult caregivers for their minor children—are often informed by the decision maker’s beliefs about the treatment’s risks and benefits. However, we know little about the cognitive and affective mechanisms influencing such “proxy” risk perceptions and about how proxy risk perceptions are related to prominent judgment phenomena. Methods. Adult caregivers of minor children with asthma ( N = 132) completed an online, cross-sectional survey assessing 1) cognitions and affects that form the basis of the availability, representativeness, and affect heuristics; 2) endorsement of the absent-exempt and the better-than-average effect; and 3) proxy perceived risk and unrealistic comparative optimism of an asthma exacerbation. We used the Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument (PACCI) to assess asthma severity. Results. Respondents with higher scores on availability, representativeness, and negative affect indicated higher proxy risk perceptions and (for representativeness only) lower unrealistic optimism, irrespective of asthma severity. Conversely, respondents who showed a stronger display of the better-than-average effect indicated lower proxy risk perceptions but did not differ in unrealistic optimism. The absent-exempt effect was unrelated to proxy risk perceptions and unrealistic optimism. Conclusion. Heuristic judgment processes appear to contribute to caregivers’ proxy risk perceptions of their child’s asthma exacerbation risk. Moreover, the display of other, possibly erroneous, judgment phenomena is associated with lower caregiver risk perceptions. Designing interventions that target these mechanisms may help caregivers work with their children to reduce exacerbation risk.
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De Wilde, July. "The Interdisciplinary Character of Research into the Translation of Literary Irony." TTR 25, no. 1 (April 30, 2013): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1015348ar.
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In this article, while I welcome the call for a more interdisciplinary character, I also endorse the idea that the methods of neighbouring disciplines do not necessarily need to be included into one comprehensive research model for TS. The advantages of interdisciplinary research are illustrated with research into the translation of literary irony. In the first part of the article, I present an analytical instrument for comparative research between original and translated ironic excerpts. I will demonstrate that by including insights from, mainly, pragmatic and cognitive approaches to irony, I have been able to fine-tune the three-part analytical instrument called “the ironic effect.” Its advantages and heuristic scope are illustrated with excerpts from La tía Julia y el escribidor (Mario Vargas Llosa). In the second part of the article, I discuss the analyses of two other novels, Tres tristes tigres (Guillermo Cabrera Infante) and La invención de Morel (Adolfo Bioy Casares) and show that, by adopting very different research hypotheses and multiplying the questions asked, the observed data were better understood. I conclude that there is margin for an inclusive, open and flexible TS methodology, provided that both theory and methodology are understood as means of understanding. Stripped of its ontological status, theory, then, is nothing but a functional notion.
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Wagner-Tsukamoto, Sigmund A. "Homo Economicus and the Stories of Jacob: On the Methodological Relevance of Rational Choice Theory for Studying the Hebrew Bible." Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 1 (2013): 78–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700682-12341250.
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Abstract Economics is widely accused of being a portrayer of a dark and dismal image of human nature (i.e. its model of homo economicus as a self-interested, even selfish and opportunistic maximizer of its own gains). This article argues that the model of homo economicus is not an empirical or prescriptive image of human nature but a useful, “heuristic,” methodical instrument for economic theorizing (in our case, for the economic study of religion that connects to the Hebrew Bible). This article demonstrates that in generic, methodological perspective, the model of homo economicus compares well to similarly unrealistic, “dismal” models of human nature in other disciplines that study religion. I develop these arguments by focusing on selective stories from Genesis, especially the stories of Jacob. Implications are derived regarding the application of economic methods and concepts for research on the texts in the Hebrew Bible.
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Upadhyaya, Prabhat, Mathias Fridahl, Björn-Ola Linnér, and Mikael Román. "Comparing Climate Policy Processes in India, Brazil, and South Africa: Domestic Engagements With International Climate Policy Frameworks." Journal of Environment & Development 27, no. 2 (April 11, 2018): 186–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496518767947.
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Using policy cycle model as a heuristic, this article studies Indian, Brazilian, and South African engagement with Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by (a) comparing NAMA policy process and (b) identifying factors driving or limiting the framework’s domestic application. India largely remained uninterested in NAMAs, Brazil aligned its domestic climate policy and NAMAs, while South Africa had a more nuanced engagement when formulating NAMAs. Four factors influenced these countries’ NAMA engagements: the level and necessity of international support, the availability of domestic policy provisions to tackle climate change, the domestic institutional capacity to coordinate interministerial functioning, and the role of individuals in the institutional apparatus. As an international climate policy framework, studying NAMA engagement provides learnings for nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement for designing the instrument, ensuring clarity on support provisions for ratcheting up ambitions, and enhancing institutional capacity, to expedite transition from policy formulation to implementation and beyond.
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Carstens, Pernille. "Erindring i Det Gamle Testamente." Dansk Teologisk Tidsskrift 76, no. 1 (March 10, 2013): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dtt.v76i1.105819.
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Literary texts are paths or tracks into cultural memory, not direct access to unmediated memory. Cultural memory studies are about how the past is mediated, how memory is produced and circulated. It is not about history “as such”. The Old Testament was created in periods of globalization. The writing is a piece of memory work meant for creation of national or local identity, and particularity in a global world. Memory as counter-activity is always present, focusing on the local, small tradition, the particular narrative, and creating its own way of coherence. Memories are not ready-prepared refl ections of the past. They are both eclectic and selective reconstructions. Remembering and forgetting the past refl ects the needs in the present. It is an active and ongoing, not predetermined process. Memory studies do not represent a coherent field, but are coming from different disciplines and discursive areas. It is an analytic instrument and a heuristic tool focusing the socio-cultural context.
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Rizam, Masyithah Maghfirah. "NILAI KARAKTER DARI DONGENG ANAK PADA MAJALAH BOBO DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19." Prima Magistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan 2, no. 2 (June 7, 2021): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/jpm.v2i2.953.
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Children's fairy tales are a literary art that presents children's favorite entertainment and there is knowledge to increase children's knowledge. Children's fairy tales are a way to instill five main values in strengthening character education. It must be known, namely religious values, nationalism, integrity, independence, and mutual cooperation. This research was a qualitative research by describing the five main values of character education in the children’s fairy tale on bobo.grid.id and its implementation in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The researcher as the key instrument carried out heuristic and hermeneutic readings to find and describe the main values of character education, namely religious, nationalist, integrity, independent, and mutual cooperation values in Bobo children's fairy tales. The results show that there are five main values of character education in children's fairy tales on bobo.grid.id that can be implemented in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic such as praying to God so that the pandemic will end soon and protocols comply with the safety of self and others.
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CONSTANTIN, MARIN. "“I Like It!” Experiencing Mediascapes in the Artisanship of Prahova County." Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review 27 (November 15, 2022): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.57225/martor.2022.27.11.
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My text is an attempt at developing the heuristic potentialities in the escapology of video recording of anthropological fieldwork and, based on this, in the museum practice of posting videos via social media platforms. Ethnographic information is provided for various crafts from Prahova County (wind-instrument making, weaving, and painting) to illustrate both the artisans’ views of their own craftwork and artefacts and the online responses elicited by such arguments, evidence, ideas, etc. Distinctive and interrelated cultural scenes and dramatis personae are identified and discussed in regards with: (1) doing ethnography and artisan profiles; (2) the museum policy of posting video fieldwork records and interviews; and (3) feedback in the form of predefined emotions and comments from friends, followers, or simply visitors of video posts. The article will provide a theoretical approach to the interpretive continuum and interactive reflexivity between artisans (as bearers of folk culture), museum specialists (as promoters of curatorial and research projects), and the online audience of folk art traditions and museum programs.
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Spirov, Alexander V., and Ekaterina M. Myasnikova. "Heuristic algorithms in evolutionary computation and modular organization of biological macromolecules: Applications to in vitro evolution." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): e0260497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260497.
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Evolutionary computing (EC) is an area of computer sciences and applied mathematics covering heuristic optimization algorithms inspired by evolution in Nature. EC extensively study all the variety of methods which were originally based on the principles of selectionism. As a result, many new algorithms and approaches, significantly more efficient than classical selectionist schemes, were found. This is especially true for some families of special problems. There are strong arguments to believe that EC approaches are quite suitable for modeling and numerical analysis of those methods of synthetic biology and biotechnology that are known as in vitro evolution. Therefore, it is natural to expect that the new algorithms and approaches developed in EC can be effectively applied in experiments on the directed evolution of biological macromolecules. According to the John Holland’s Schema theorem, the effective evolutionary search in genetic algorithms (GA) is provided by identifying short schemata of high fitness which in the further search recombine into the larger building blocks (BBs) with higher and higher fitness. The multimodularity of functional biological macromolecules and the preservation of already found modules in the evolutionary search have a clear analogy with the BBs in EC. It seems reasonable to try to transfer and introduce the methods of EC, preserving BBs and essentially accelerating the search, into experiments on in vitro evolution. We extend the key instrument of the Holland’s theory, the Royal Roads fitness function, to problems of the in vitro evolution (Biological Royal Staircase, BioRS, functions). The specific version of BioRS developed in this publication arises from the realities of experimental evolutionary search for (DNA-) RNA-devices (aptazymes). Our numerical tests showed that for problems with the BioRS functions, simple heuristic algorithms, which turned out to be very effective for preserving BBs in GA, can be very effective in in vitro evolution approaches. We are convinced that such algorithms can be implemented in modern methods of in vitro evolution to achieve significant savings in time and resources and a significant increase in the efficiency of evolutionary search.
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Belousov, Anton O., Natalya O. Vlasova, Viktoriya O. Gordeyeva, and Talgat R. Gazizov. "Breaking the Symmetry of Cable Structures as an Instrument for Improving Modal Decomposition to Protect Critical Equipment against UWB Pulses." Symmetry 14, no. 6 (June 13, 2022): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14061228.
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This work presents a detailed, comprehensive study of a new structural design of protective devices with a circular cross-section (CS) (protective cables) for protecting equipment against ultra-wideband (UWB) pulses. Multiconductor structures with 2–5 conductors with and without a protective shield are considered. The disadvantages of using symmetric configurations of protective cables are shown. Their simulation, multivariate analysis, and optimization through heuristic search, as well as evolutionary strategies, were carried out. Optimization was carried out according to the amplitude (to minimize the maximum voltage level at the output of the structures) and time (to maximize the duration of the exciting signal) criteria. The optimization results allowed for increasing the duration and overall attenuation of the exciting UWB pulse. The article shows the possibility of improving the characteristics of such structures through their cascade connection, both among themselves and with strip protective structures. The results of parametric optimization of such structures are presented in the range of real (used in practice) geometric and electrophysical parameters in terms of amplitude and time criteria, as well as the matching criterion. The article also presents the developed prototypes of protective structures with a circular CS of three types: circular 3-conductor cable, flat 3-conductor cable, and circular 4-conductor cable. The experimental results describe how these prototypes were developed and created and confirm the feasibility of these protective structures to decompose the exciting pulse signal, which was previously shown only in simulation. Finally, it is shown that the use of asymmetry in the proposed cable structures can improve their protective characteristics.
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Malayeri, Kiomars Aziz, Mohammad Sharif-Taherpour, and Mohammad Mohammadi. "Factor analysis of educational evaluation indicators of Iranian sports coaches." Revista Tempos e Espaços em Educação 14, no. 33 (February 27, 2021): e15299. http://dx.doi.org/10.20952/revtee.v14i33.15299.
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The objective of this study was factor analysis of educational evaluation indicators of sports coaches in Hamadan province. The statistical population of the study was all sports coaches in all sports branches in Hamadan province in the years (2019-2018). The statistical population of this study included all sports coaches in Hamadan province according to the latest information provided by the Statistics Center of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth in 2018, it included 4,000 people. The sampling method was stratified random; the number of samples was 351 based on Morgan table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that interviewed 30 experienced sports coaches and using Delphi technique and after agreeing on the materials, the results of the study were extracted and classified. Its nominal and content validity were reviewed and confirmed by a group of experts. The reliability of the instrument was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.85. Data were analyzed using heuristic rotation heuristic analysis, repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test at a significance level of P <0.050. Based on the results of factor analysis, out of 75 items of performance evaluation, 17 items were removed and 58 items were included in 6 factors. Social factors (5 items), professional (8 items), personality (8 items), managerial (14 items), scientific (14 items), emotional skills (9 items) in order of prioritizing the scientific factor in the first place, management in Second place, personality in third place, professional in fourth place, emotional in fifth place and social in sixth place. It is concluded that; Sports coaches in Hamadan province in all sports need scientific and managerial training according to the training of personality traits and these three priorities are considered by the trainers for training, respectively.