Relevant bibliographies by topics / Heterogeneous firm

Academic literature on the topic 'Heterogeneous firm'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Heterogeneous firm"

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Stavropoulos, S., F. G. van Oort, and M. J. Burger. "Heterogeneous relatedness and firm productivity." Annals of Regional Science 65, no. 2 (March 12, 2020): 403–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-020-00988-2.

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Abstract In this manuscript, we relate regional structural composition—related and unrelated variety—to firm-level productivity in European regions, applying a Cobb–Douglas production function framework and using firm-, industry- and regional-level mixed hierarchical (multilevel) models. Our analyses indicate that regional-related variety has a positive impact on firm productivity in European regions, especially for firms in high-tech and medium-tech regions. These outcomes have implications for European policies on competitiveness as firms embedded in regions without these technological and institutional circumstances are systematically worse off in terms of productivity, and catching-up is not obvious for such regional economies.
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Nhung Nguyen, Thi Hong. "Evaluating the Heterogeneous Effect of Firm Risk on Firm Value." SEISENSE Journal of Management 3, no. 5 (September 4, 2020): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v3i5.430.

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Purpose- This paper aims to investigate the effect of firm risk on the firm value to see how the firm value is changing when the risk level is changed. Our result indicates that a higher level of risk can reduce firm value. Design/Methodology- We apply a Bayesian causal technique for a sample data set of US public firms. The causal approach helps us to focus on the reliable and unbiased results instead of the association-based findings. Findings- The results show a negative effect of risk on the firms’ value for the sample data. However, we investigate the potential effect of the risk across the distribution of the firm value. We witness the more substantial effect of risk on firms with a higher value. Practical Implications- Helps firms to evaluate their risk and its effect, so they can adjust their decisions and take actions to reduce the undesired effects of firm risk.
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Peters, Michael. "Heterogeneous Markups, Growth, and Endogenous Misallocation." Econometrica 88, no. 5 (2020): 2037–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta15565.

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Markups vary systematically across firms and are a source of misallocation. This paper develops a tractable model of firm dynamics where firms' market power is endogenous and the distribution of markups emerges as an equilibrium outcome. Monopoly power is the result of a process of forward‐looking, risky accumulation: firms invest in productivity growth to increase markups in their existing products but are stochastically replaced by more efficient competitors. Creative destruction therefore has pro‐competitive effects because faster churn gives firms less time to accumulate market power. In an application to firm‐level data from Indonesia, the model predicts that, relative to the United States, misallocation is more severe and firms are substantially smaller. To explain these patterns, the model suggests an important role for frictions that prevent existing firms from entering new markets. Differences in entry costs for new firms are less important.
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LEHR, BRANDON. "EFFICIENCY WAGES WITH HETEROGENEOUS AGENTS." International Game Theory Review 16, no. 03 (May 6, 2014): 1450007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198914500078.

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This paper builds a model of efficiency wages with heterogeneous workers in the economy who differ with respect to their disutility of labor effort. In such an economy, two types of pure strategy symmetric Nash equilibria in firm wage offers can exist: a no-shirking equilibrium in which all workers exert effort while employed and a shirking equilibrium in which within each firm some workers exert effort while others shirk. The type of equilibrium that prevails in the economy depends crucially on the extent of heterogeneity among the workers and the equilibrium rate at which workers join firms from the unemployment pool.
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Marti, Josep. "Location decisions of heterogeneous European firms." Economics and Business Letters 9, no. 3 (December 8, 2020): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/ebl.9.3.2020.265-269.

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We analyze empirically how firms’ characteristics affect the foreign affiliates location decisions of heterogeneous firms in different markets. Using a European firm-level data and estimating the marginal effects for the multinomial logit model, the results corroborate the relevance of firms’ characteristics in their investment decisions, particularly the productivity level.
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LONG, TRINH QUANG, PETER JOHN MORGAN, and MINH BINH TRAN. "HETEROGENEOUS EFFECTS OF CREDIT ACCESS ON FORMAL AND INFORMAL FIRM GROWTH: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM." Singapore Economic Review 65, no. 05 (February 19, 2020): 1185–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590819500723.

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This paper examines the causal effect of credit access on firm growth (measured by employment growth), using a unique micro-, small-, and medium-sized firm-level data collected every two years in Vietnam from 2005 to 2013. The results obtained from fixed-effects (FE) and FE with instrumental variable estimators show that firms with credit access experience a higher growth than firms without credit access. We also find that access to credit is positively associated with both formal and informal firm growth, but the results for formal firms seem to be driven by some high growth firms (and rapidly shrinking firms). The effect of credit access on firm growth is also heterogeneous by firm size and firm age in both types of firms.
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Hewa Dulige, Jayasinghe, Muhammad Jahangir Ali, Paul Mather, and Suzanne Young. "Independent directors: Exploring the heterogeneous nature of multiple directorships." Corporate Ownership and Control 17, no. 4 (2020): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv17i4art2.

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We examine the effect of independent directors’ (IDs’) heterogeneous directorships on performance and diversification of high growth firms in a sample of 1152 firm-year Australian listed company observations over the period 2007 to 2010. We find a positive association between some measures of IDs’ heterogeneous directorships and the firm performance of high-growth firms as measured by return on assets. We also find a positive association between IDs’ heterogeneous board ties and firm diversification. This study highlights that decisions concerning the appointment of IDs to corporate boards should be based on the strategic context of their other directorships. We extend the literature on multiple directorships by showing that it is not a narrow focus on the number of directorships as a proxy for reputation or busyness that matters. Instead, it is the precise nature of these directorships.
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Adam, Klaus, and Henning Weber. "Optimal Trend Inflation." American Economic Review 109, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 702–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20171066.

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Sticky price models featuring heterogeneous firms and systematic firm-level productivity trends deliver radically different predictions for the optimal inflation rate than their popular homogenous-firm counterparts: (i) the optimal steady-state inflation rate generically differs from zero and (ii) inflation optimally responds to productivity disturbances. We show this by aggregating a heterogeneous-firm model with sticky prices in closed form. Using firm-level data from the US Census Bureau, we estimate the historically optimal inflation path for the US economy: the optimal inflation rate ranges between 1 percent and 3 percent per year and displays a downward trend over the period 1977–2015. (JEL C51, D24, D25, E31, E52)
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Chen, Cheng. "Management Quality and Firm Hierarchy in Industry Equilibrium." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 9, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 203–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20160305.

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I incorporate a monitoring-based firm hierarchy into an industry equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms. I then use the theory to study aggregate impacts of an economy-wide improvement in monitoring efficiency. This shock generates a selection effect, which favors more hierarchical (i.e., more layers) firms. Interestingly, these implications depend on firms' heterogeneous choices about their hierarchy and completely disappear when firms are homogeneous in terms of the number of layers inside the hierarchy. (JEL D21, L23, L25, M12, M54)
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Zeng, Zheng. "CREDIT FRICTIONS AND FIRM DYNAMICS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 17, no. 7 (September 28, 2012): 1467–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100512000193.

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In this paper I develop a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of credit frictions in which the production technology provides a U-shaped average cost curve, enabling endogenous solutions for firm size and quantity. Firms weigh the present value of future net revenues against the opportunity cost of staying in business in their entry or exit decisions. I find that credit frictions increase variable investment costs and result in a larger firm size and a smaller number of firms in the steady state. As the economy deviates from the steady state, however, the presence of credit frictions increases fluctuation in the number of firms, raising market entry during an economic upturn and market exit during a downturn. Also, I find that allowing free entry mitigates some of the effects of credit frictions due to macroeconomic fluctuations. In addition to the homogeneous-firm model, I examine the model when firms have heterogeneous access to credit and find that different credit access gives rise to different firm sizes in the steady state. Firms with easier access to credit become larger than those with less access to credit. Heterogeneous credit access also means that these two types of firms will respond differently to a common technology shock.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heterogeneous firm"

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Ehmer, Hanne Elisabeth. "Economic Policy and the Heterogeneous Firm." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-111732.

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Falk, Martin. "The demand for heterogeneous labor : empirical evidence at the industry and firm level for Germany /." Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2003. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=010720709&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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MEMBRETTI, MARCO. "Firm size and the Macroeconomy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/403956.

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La tesi è formata da due capitoli su dinamica della distribuzione delle imprese e shock aggregati. Usando un modello ad imprese eterogenee, la tesi studia le fluttuazioni di ciclo economico dovute a shock alla tecnologia ed ai costi in entrata.
This dissertation collects two essays on firm size dynamics and aggregate shocks. By employing a model with heterogeneous firms, search frictions and endogenous entry/exit we investigate the business cycle dynamics of the firm size distribution by looking at entry cost and technology shocks. The thesis is divided into two chapters.\\ The first chapter explores how an increase in entry costs affects the size of new entrants and the concentration of employment according to firm size, along with its effects on macro-variables such as unemployment and the exit rate. To this aim we use a BVAR model to estimate the response of such variables to an entry cost shock, then we develop a heterogeneous-firm model with search frictions and endogenous entry/exit dynamics calibrated on data from Business Dynamics Statistics (BDS) database to address our empirical results.\\ We find that positive entry cost shocks increase the average size of entrants and move employment shares toward the largest firms. These results reveal the role of entry costs' fluctuations in explaining the dynamics at business cycle horizons of both firm and employment share distributions according to size.\\ The second chapter perturbed the model with a technology shock to replicate the long-run differential of job destruction due to exit between small and large firms and its empirical response to technology shocks (estimated by a BVAR). Contrary to frameworks with \textit{exogenous} exit, the model is able to account for the volatility of exit and the differential of job destruction due to exit between small and large firms conditional to the technology shock. Moreover we find that not only entry but also exit is a viable amplification channel for the response of unemployment to the shock.\\
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Ahmed, Kazi Sabbir. "INVESTMENTS IN PRODUCT QUALITY WITH HETEROGENEOUS FIRMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/535.

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This dissertation investigates how competition among heterogeneous firms affects R&D in quality enhancement in a quality-ladder type framework for a Cournot oligopolistic industry. The research also analyzes the welfare implications of various policies that promotes R&D. Some of the theoretical predictions are then tested empirically using firm-level data for Bangladesh from the World Bank's enterprise survey. Chapter 1 shows that a rise in the cost of production of the competitor will induce a firm to invest more in R&D if and only if the quality difference between the existing product and the product emerging from R&D activities is sufficiently large. Also, welfare-reducing effect of helping a `minor' firm is lower in the presence of possible quality differences. Empirical results supports the theoretical findings. Chapter 2 shows that protecting domestic industry of high quality goods encourages firms to invest more in R&D. The size of the optimal tariff depends on the degree of product differentiation and market share of the foreign firms and is not necessarily positive. Chapter 3 shows that a small tariff imposed by the trading partner on the high quality good will deter R&D. However, as the tariff gets bigger, the relationship changes sign. The size of an R&D subsidy depends on the market share of the firms. Empirical results provide support to the theoretical findings.
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Dolar, Burak. "The anti-money laundering provisions of the USA Patriot Act : a heterogeneous firm model of the banking industry /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=1&did=1417811071&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1221165353&clientId=22256.

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Kreickemeier, Udo, and Philipp M. Richter. "Environmental Policy and Firm Selection in the Open Economy." Technische Universität Dresden, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34378.

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In this paper, we analyse the effects of a unilateral change in an emissions tax in a model of international trade with heterogeneous firms. We find a positive effect of tighter environmental policy on average productivity in the reforming country through reallocation of labour towards exporting firms. Domestic aggregate emissions fall, due to both a scale and a technique effect, but we show that the reduction in emissions following the tax increase is smaller than in autarky. Moreover, general equilibrium effects through changes in the foreign wage rate lead to a reduction in foreign emissions and, hence, to negative emissions leakage in case of transboundary pollution.
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Tabarki, Badis. "Firm heterogeneity, country-level asymmetry and the structure of the gains from trade." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E022.

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L'objectif principal de cette dissertation est d'examiner trois questions qui ont reçu peu d'attention dans les travaux théoriques existants sur le commerce international. Ainsi, cette thèse a trois objectifs. Le premier consiste à étudier les effets sur le bien-être de la libéralisation des normes entre des pays asymétriques. Le deuxième consiste à examiner théoriquement et empiriquement l'effet revenu sur les marges du commerce et leur degré de sensibilité aux coûts des échanges. Le troisième objectif est de se concentrer sur l'aspect firme-spécifique de l'élasticité prix de la demande au-delà de la CES et d'examiner le rôle qu'il joue dans la détermination de la magnitude et de la structure des gains à l'échange. En vue d'atteindre cet objectif, j'intègre des hypothèses alternatives dans le modèle canonique de Melitz-Chaney du commerce international avec des firmes hétérogènes (Melitz, 2003; Chaney, 2008). Ce faisant, la thèse actuelle contribue à la théorie du commerce avec des firmes hétérogènes sur trois axes. Dans le chapitre 1, je montre que la libéralisation des normes améliore le bien-être seulement lorsque la hiérarchie des normes est de type "verti-zontal" et que le partenaire commercial est plus large que le pays exclu. Dans le chapitre 2, je montre que la marge intensive n'augmente qu'avec le revenu par habitant en équilibre général, et que le revenu par habitant atténue la sensibilité des marges aux coûts des échanges. Dans le chapitre 3, je démontre que la structure et la magnitude des gains à l'échange dépendent principalement de la courbure de la demande et ne sont affectées que marginalement par le type des préférences
The main objective of this dissertation is to address three questions, which despite their theoretical appeal, received little attention in existing theoretical work in international trade, and are thus still open. The goal of this dissertation is thus threefold. The first consists in studying the welfare implications of standards liberalization under country-level asymmetry both in market size and stringency of local standards. The second is to examine both theoretically and empirically the income effect on trade margins and on the degree of their sensitivity to trade costs. The third objective is to concentrate on the firm-specific aspect of the demand elasticity beyond the CES, and to examine the role it plays in determining the magnitude and the structure of the gains from trade. Towards this goal, I embed alternative assumptions on both the demand and supply side in the canonical Melitz-Chaney model of international trade with heterogeneous firms (Melitz, 2003; Chaney, 2008). ln so doing, the current dissertation contributes to trade theory with heterogeneous firms along three lines. ln Chapter 1, I show that standards liberalization is welfare improving only when the cost hierarchy is "verti-zontal" and the trading partner is larger than the excluded country. ln Chapter 2, I show that the intensive margin of trade increases only with per-capita income in general equilibrium, and that per-capita income dampens the sensitivity of trade margins to trade costs. ln Chapter3, I demonstrate that demand curvature plays a crucial role in determining the structure and the magnitude of the gains from trade, whereas the type of preferences affects only marginally these results
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Shintaku, Koji. "Essays on International Trade and the Division of Labor within Firms." Kyoto University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/200426.

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Lichtenberg, Julia. "Corporate Taxation of Heterogeneous Firms." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-111740.

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RUNGI, ARMANDO. "Heterogeneous firms and heterogeneous responses from economic integration: empirical studies." Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/11565/4054218.

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Books on the topic "Heterogeneous firm"

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Kee, Hiau Looi. Firm level heterogeneous productivity and demand shocks: Evidence from Bangladesh. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Bernard, Andrew B. Comparative advantage and heterogeneous firms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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Bernard, Andrew B. Comparative advantage and heterogeneous firms. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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Baldwin, Richard E. Trade liberalization with heterogeneous firms. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Bernard, Andrew B. Comparative advantage and heterogeneous firms. London: Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2004.

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Vogel, Jonathan. Spatial price discrimination with heterogeneous firms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009.

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Redding, Stephen. Theories of heterogeneous firms and trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.

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Baldwin, Richard E. Trade and growth with heterogeneous firms. London: Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2006.

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Hernández-Murillo, Rubén. Patent licensing revisited: Heterogeneous firms and product differentiation. [St. Louis, Mo.]: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2002.

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Bernard, Andrew B. Falling trade costs, heterogeneous firms, and industry dynamics. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Heterogeneous firm"

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Ge, Jiaoju, Gang Wang, and Wanyu Wang. "Moderation Effect of Investor and Manager Heterogeneous Beliefs on the Relationship of Advertising and Firm Value." In Marketing Transformation: Marketing Practice in an Ever Changing World, 267–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68750-6_83.

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Bowen, Harry P., Abraham Hollander, and Jean-Marie Viaene. "Heterogeneous firms." In Applied International Trade, 287–311. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01551-8_9.

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Melitz, Marc J. "International Trade and Heterogeneous Firms." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_2055-1.

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Melitz, Marc J. "International Trade and Heterogeneous Firms." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 6849–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2055.

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Sahlbach, Henning, Wolfram Putzke-Röming, Sean Whitty, and Rolf Ernst. "Real-Time Digital Film Processing." In Dynamic System Reconfiguration in Heterogeneous Platforms, 185–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2427-5_14.

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Bienvenue, J. Y. "Dynamic Labour Demand Model for Heterogeneous Panels." In Micro- and Macrodata of Firms, 213–40. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48863-4_10.

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Kikuchi, Toru, Sugata Marjit, and Biswajit Mandal. "Time Zones and FDI with Heterogeneous Firms." In International Trade and International Finance, 23–32. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2797-7_2.

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Maggio, Martino, Giuseppe Ciulla, Roberto Di Bernardo, Nicola Muratore, Juan R. Santana, Toyokazu Akiyama, Levent Gurgen, and Morito Matsuoka. "FESTIVAL: Heterogeneous Testbed Federation Across Europe and Japan." In Building the Future Internet through FIRE, 677–92. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337447-33.

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Asada, Toichiro, and Willi Semmler. "Limit Pricing and Entry Dynamics with Heterogeneous Firms." In The Complex Dynamics of Economic Interaction, 35–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17045-4_3.

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Teece, David J. "Intangible Assets and a Theory of Heterogeneous Firms." In Intangibles, Market Failure and Innovation Performance, 217–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07533-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Heterogeneous firm"

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Conrad, Jack G., Khalid Al-Kofahi, Ying Zhao, and George Karypis. "Effective document clustering for large heterogeneous law firm collections." In the 10th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1165485.1165513.

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Tang, Hsiang-Kuo, Kyle Rupnow, Parmesh Ramanathan, and Katherine Compton. "Dynamic Binding and Scheduling of Firm-Deadline Tasks on Heterogeneous Compute Resources." In 2010 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtcsa.2010.29.

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Zhang, Hong. "Notice of Retraction: The Reason of Heterogeneous Firm in SME Cluster in China." In 2011 Third Pacific-Asia Conference on Circuits, Communications and System (PACCS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/paccs.2011.5990204.

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Arthur, Reginald, Olivia Anku-Tsede, Mohammed-Aminu Sanda, and Eleonora Belfiore. "Application of the “Resource-Based Theory of the Firm” and its Relevance in the Creative Industries: A Developing Country Perspective." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002159.

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This study, by way of contributing to contemporary understanding of the heterogeneity and immobility arguments of the resource-based view, offers insights into how the resources of creative industries present a nuanced but relevant ground for exploring the theory of the firm. In its discussion, this paper highlights the idiosyncratic characteristics of the creative industry and through the lens of intellectual capital and entrepreneurship, identifies the valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable (VRIN) resources that underlie the creation of heterogeneous cultural and economically viable creative works by actors in the industry. The paper finally discusses resources that explain the state of the creative industry in developing contexts. In terms of theoretical contribution, this study leads and contributes immensely to understanding how the resource-based theory of the firm could be relevant in unleashing the economic potentials of the creative industry.
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Nguyen, Thuc-Quyen D., James Guido DiStefano, Andrew Y. Park, Gerd Diederichs, Jenni M. Buckley, and William H. Montgomery. "Optimal Screw Placement for Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19115.

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The reverse design of the total shoulder arthroplasty has been utilized for elderly patients with severely degenerated glenohumoral joints that are rotator cuff deficient. One of the most common causes of failure in shoulder arthroplasty involves loosening or catastrophic failure of the glenoid component. Such problems can be related to suboptimal fixation due to bone loss from fractures, severe degenerative changes and from previous failed arthroplasty surgery [1]. This emphasizes the need to secure the glenoid component with sound screw purchase beyond the glenoid vault. However, such fixation can often be tenuous as scapula bone quality is heterogeneous with a wide variation across short distances [2, 3]. Moreover, it can be difficult to identify regions with the best bone stock intraoperatively. This often requires multiple passes with the drill, which leads to further bone loss and potential decreased screw purchase. Thus, it is important for the surgeon to have a firm understanding of scapular anatomy with potential screw trajectories in mind.
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Cruz, Marcelo Ribeiro da Luz, Valéria Fernandes Roppa Cruz, Marcelle Gomes Pinheiro Maia Lessa, Ana Cláudia de Oliveira Mazoni, and Claudinei Dextro. "BREAST LIPOSARCOMA." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1013.

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Breast sarcomas are a heterogenous group of malignancies that originate from the breast support stroma. They represent less than 0.1% of all breast neoplasms and less than 5% of all sarcomas. They are more frequent in women and between the fourth and sixth decades. Previous breast cancer treatment and radiotherapy are the main risk factors. The usual clinical presentation is a breast mass, which grows progressively and can reach a large size. They rarely attach themselves to the thorax or infiltrate the skin. Skin changes, when occur, are usually secondary to a large distitute. The tumor is usually well or partially defined, with a firm consistency. Lymph nodes are palpable in up to 25% of cases but tend to be reactional. Imaging findings are nonspecific. For histopathological diagnosis, it is necessary to exclude metaplastic carcinoma, and immunohistochemistry is useful to detect evidence of epithelial origin. Treatment requires resection with wide margins, and mastectomy may be necessary. Hematogenous dissemination occurs, and lymph node interventions should only be performed in the presence of a proven histopathological impairment. There is a trend of improvement in survival with radiotherapy after conservative surgery. After mastectomy, radiotherapy may be beneficial in cases of increased risk of local recurrence (lesions larger than 50 mm, unsuitable margins, and higher grade variants). The role of chemotherapy remains controversial. Liposarcoma, a histological subtype of sarcoma, despite being the second most frequent subtype in soft tissues, rarely occurs in the breast. Liposarcoma encompasses a spectrum, from lesions with essentially benign behavior to frankly malign lesions. Liposarcomas classified as myxoid, pleomorphic, and dedifferentiated have a higher risk of recurrence and metastases. The main differential diagnoses of breast liposarcoma include other breast tumors with lipomatous or liposarcomatous components, fat necrosis, and metaplastic carcinoma. CSSP, 48 years old, female, attended the Mastology Service of the Central Hospital of the Army, referring a breast nodule for 2 months with growth in the period. On clinical examination, a well-defined, mobile oval nodule with firm consistency was observed, measuring 40 mm, with no associated findings. At mammography and ultrasonography, the nodule was oval and circumscribed. Magnetic resonance imaging showed heterogeneous enhancement and a type II curve. A simple mastectomy was performed due to the poor tumor-breast relationship, with a histopathological result of dedifferentiated liposarcoma with areas of myxoid pattern, measuring 40 mm, and free histopathological margins. Adjuvant radiotherapy was indicated due to the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma with areas of myxoid pattern.
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Jethwani, Umesh, and Divya Jethwani. "Sertoli cell tumor of ovary: A rare case report." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685324.

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Introduction: Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT) is a rare ovarian tumor, Constitute less than 0.5% of ovarian tumors. Most tumors are unilateral, confined to the ovaries. They are seen during the second and third decades of life. They are characterized by the presence of testicular structures that produce androgens. Patients have symptoms of virilization (depending on the quantity of androgen). Case Report: A 42-year-old woman presented Amenorrhea for 14 months. Change in her voice for 1 year and Excessive hair growth on her face, chest, and limbs for the last 2 months. She complained of vague abdominal discomfort. No history of anorexia, weight loss, increased libido. Her medical and family history was unremarkable. On examination - Hirsutism and clitoromegaly. Lump of size 10x8 cm palpable in left iliac fossa. Vaginal examination revealed a firm and mobile cystic mass in the right adnexa. An ultrasound examination of the pelvis showed a 17x 13x 9-cm heterogeneous solid cystic mass replacing the left ovary. The right ovary and the uterus were normal. CECT Scan Abdomen-Large heterogenous encapsulated solid soft tissue mass lesions containing areas of calcification arising from left ovary of size 17x13x10.6cm causing displacement of urinary bladder and surrounding bowel loops. Serum testosterone level -2 ng/mL (normal, 0.2–1.2 ng/mL); (DHEAS), CA 125, and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) -normal. On Laparotmy-Large mass of size 17 X 13 cm arising from left adnexa. Uterus and right ovary grossly normal. Total Abdominal hysterectomy, B/L Salpingo-opherectomy and infracolic omentectomy was done. Peritoneal washing were sent for cytologic examination for malignant cells. No liver metastasis. The post operative period was uneventful. Histopathology revealed- confirmed it be Sertoli Leydig cell tumor. 3month follow up – resolution of her virilization symptoms. No increase of her hirsutism. Repeat testosterone levels - within normal range. Conclusion: Only few cases of SLCT have been reported till date Prognosis depends on extent of disease, stage of disease, tumour differentiation, grade. The treatment should be individualized according to the location, state of spread and the patient’s condition.
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Benneworth, Paul. "Who builds 'Science Cities' and 'Knowledge Parks'? High technology firms mobilising heterogeneous commercialisation networks." In 14th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2006. University of Twente, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268629504.

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Deng, Xin, Hai-Dong Yan, Xiaokai Hu, Wei Liu, Xinke Wu, and Xilin Huang. "Heterogeneous Bonding with Nanostructured Silver Langmuir-Blodgett Film." In 2022 23rd International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icept56209.2022.9873286.

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Chen, Yen-Chiu, Kun-Ming Yu, Huan-Po Hsu, You-Xiang Xu, Shang-Wei Tong, Wen Ouyang, Ming-Yuan Lei, and Nancy Tsai. "Hdf-RTFD: heterogeneous-data-fusion based real time fire detection system in AIoT environments." In 12th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology (AOSFST 2021). Brisbane, Australia: The University of Queensland, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/a6ef908.

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Reports on the topic "Heterogeneous firm"

1

Bilicka, Katarzyna, Irem Guceri, and Evangelos Koumanakos. Dividend Taxation and Firm Performance with Heterogeneous Payout Responses. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30808.

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Kee, Hiau Looi, and Kala Krishna. Firm Level Heterogeneous Productivity and Demand Shocks: Evidence from Bangladesh. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13698.

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Flórez, Luz Adriana, Didier Hermida, and Leonardo Fabio Morales. The Heterogeneous Effect of Minimum Wage on Labor Market Flows in Colombia. Banco de la República Colombia, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1213.

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We provide evidence of the negative effect of the minimum wage on labor market flows, such as job creation, job destruction, hiring, and separations in Colombia. Depicting firms' minimum wage (MW) compliance cost, we find evidence of an adverse effect of increases on MW compliance cost on employment. This negative effect is explained mainly by a reduction in job creation and hiring rate and the rise in job destruction and separations. In contrast to the evidence for developed economies, our results are in line with the predictions of the standard search model. We also explore this differential effect by firm size and age. We found that an increase in the MW compliance cost has relatively critical negative impacts on small and medium-sized firms (with less than 250 employees); and new and young firms (lower than six years old).
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Aghion, Philippe, Antonin Bergeaud, Matthieu Lequien, and Marc Melitz. The Heterogeneous Impact of Market Size on Innovation: Evidence from French Firm-Level Exports. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24600.

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Heresi, Rodrigo. Reallocation and Productivity during Commodity Cycles. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003203.

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I study the firm-level dynamic response of a commodity-exporting economy to global cycles in commodity prices. To do so, I develop a heterogeneous-firms model that endogenizes declines in aggregate productivity through reallocation towards less productive firms. Within a given sector, commodity booms reallocate market share away from exporters because of currency appreciation and away from capital-intensive firms because of the increase in capital cost. I provide empirical evidence for these channels using microdata for Chile, the worlds largest copper producer. When fed with the commodity super-cycle of 2003-2012, the calibrated model generates about 50% of the observed productivity decline.
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Zivin, Joshua Graff, and Matthew Kahn. Industrial Productivity in a Hotter World: The Aggregate Implications of Heterogeneous Firm Investment in Air Conditioning. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22962.

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Andreasen, Eugenia, Sofía Bauducco, and Evangelina Dardati. Welfare Effects of Capital Controls. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003307.

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This paper studies the effect of capital controls on misallocation and welfare in an economy with financial constraints. We build a general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms, financial constraints and international trade and calibrate it to the Chilean economy. Since high-productivity and exporting firms need to borrow more to reach their optimal scale, capital controls that tax international borrowing hit them harder. As a result, misallocation increases relatively more for this group of firms, and for young firms that are still trying to reach their optimal scale. In terms of welfare, the model predicts a sizable aggregate loss of 2.39 percent when capital controls are introduced, with welfare decreasing twice as much for high-productivity firms. We empirically corroborate the main insights in terms of misallocation obtained from the model using Chilean manufacturing firm data from 1990 to 2007.
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Hassan, Tarek A., Jesse Schreger, Markus Schwedeler, and Ahmed Tahoun. Country Risk. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp157.

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We construct new measures of country risk and sentiment as perceived by global investors and executives using textual analysis of the quarterly earnings calls of publicly listed firms around the world. Our quarterly measures cover 45 countries from 2002-2020. We use our measures to provide a novel characterization of country risk and to provide a harmonized definition of crises. We demonstrate that elevated perceptions of a country's riskiness are associated with significant falls in local asset prices and capital outflows, even after global financial conditions are controlled for. Increases in country risk are associated with reductions in firm-level investment and employment. We also show direct evidence of a novel type of contagion, where foreign risk is transmitted across borders through firm-level exposures. Exposed firms suffer falling market valuations and significantly retrench their hiring and investment in response to crises abroad. Finally, we provide direct evidence that heterogeneous currency loadings on global risk help explain the cross-country pattern of interest rates and currency risk premia.
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Cerda, Maikol, David Cervantes, Paul Gertler, Sean Higgins, Ana María Montoya, Eric Parrado, Carlos Serrano, Raimundo Undurraga, and Patricia Yáñez-Pagans. Covid-19 Pandemic and SMEs' Performance in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004720.

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The COVID-19 pandemic generated a large negative external shock to the global economy. Businesses worldwide were affected by economic, health, and mobility restrictions that impacted consumers ability to access goods and services and firms profitability and survival rates. In this paper, we study the economic performance of Latin American MSMEs during the pandemic using disaggregated and high-frequency administrative banking deposits and income data from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, and Peru. We observe a sharp short-term decline in firm earnings due to the implementation of lockdowns during the second half of March 2020. We show this decline had a heterogeneous impact by economic sector, firm size, and transaction type (in-person vs. online). Focusing on financial technology adoption by studying the migration from in-person to online banking transactions, we find that MSMEs managed to recover revenues to pre-pandemic levels in early 2021 thanks to an increased share of online transactions and that industries facing higher physical exposure to the public (e.g., retailers) experienced a more considerable decline and a slower recovery.
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Melitz, Marc, and Stephen Redding. Heterogeneous Firms and Trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18652.

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