Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Heroic structure'

This creative practice-led research examines how Vladimir Propp’s formalist structural analysis of Russian fairy tales may be applied to the writing of revisionist cinematic adaptations where the traditional literary villain is transformed into an anti-hero. This was achieved by mapping Propp’s 31 narrative elements to Syd Field’s three-act structural paradigm which resulted in the formulation of a new screenwriting schema that may be used as an alternative to the more established The Hero’s Journey model.

Criticism of J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series has maintained that its popularity stems from a well-marketed, repetitive and simple structure. However, this essay considers that this success derives from recognizable mythological heroic structures. The essay traces the protagonist’s development from the perspective of two different theories that contrast and complement each other in various ways, Otto Rank’s theory of the myth of the birth of the hero and Joseph Campbell’s theory of the monomyth. Campbell and Rank both hypothesize that hero myths are repetitive because they emerge from the subconscious of human kind. It can be seen in the tracing of the heroic development in Harry Potter that— although various aspects and features in the hero’s journey are followed in the narrative — the series does not strictly fit these theories. The result is a combination of different features from both theories, which modernizes the heroic myth that has pervaded human culture and history since time immemorial.

This thesis examined the operational structure of Southeast Asian drug trafficking groups operating on the eastern seaboard of Australia by testing the validity and application of organised crime and drug trafficking typologies using data obtained from 159 drug trafficking cases in three Australian states: New South Wales; Queensland; and Victoria. Key findings indicated that the usefulness of typologies is limited when classifying and analysing organised crime groups. In particular, Southeast Asian drug trafficking groups operated largely in small, informal, family-based hierarchies or groups that were better conceptualised using theoretical perspectives from network and cultural studies. The study recommended that replicating previous empirical research in the field is an effective approach that will contribute towards building a cumulative body of knowledge on organised crime structures.

Most models of the impacts of climate change on the distributions of animals have focused on limits to thermal tolerances of individual species. Such "bioclimatic envelope" models do not consider the importance of interactions among species, each of which may respond to climate change in its own way. Hermit crabs (Paguridae) cannot exist without shells produced by gastropods. Thus, their ranges are expected to depend not only on their own physiological tolerances, but also on tolerances of gastropod species that produce shells of suitable sizes for growing crabs that use successively larger shells. To assess their potential importance to range shifts of hermit crabs, I characterized these commensal relationships over a large area of the northern Bering Sea in May to early June. Of 1539 hermit crabs collected, Pagurus rathbuni comprised 55%, P. trigonocheirus 44%, and Labidochirus splendescens 1%, with only four individuals of three other Pagurus species. Species richness for all living gastropods in my study area was 26 species, of which 18 were used by hermit crabs. P. rathbuni used shells of mostly moon snails (Naticidae); only 7 to 19% used whelk shells (Buccinidae) in the first four size classes, and 34% in the largest size class. P. trigonocheirus also used shells of mainly moon snails, but its use of whelk shells ranged from 18 to 44% in the first four size classes, and 70% in the largest size class. Densities of P. rathbuni and P. trigonocheirus varied independently of each other (r2 = 0.08, p = 0.09, N = 36 stations). Other studies suggest that hermit crabs obtain most of their shells from gastropods that have recently died, and that such empty shells are available for a relatively short period before being buried in sediments; thus, available shells should resemble the local pool among living gastropods. Correlation of P. rathbuni densities with densities of living gastropods with suitable shells was weak (r2 = 0.18, p < 0.01, N = 36 stations), while there was no correlation for P. trigonocheirus (r2 < 0.01, p = 0.59). Density patterns of hermit crabs within the five size classes did not correspond to those of living gastropods with suitable shells (randomization tests of independence, all p < 0.002). These results suggest that in the northern Bering Sea, initial effects of climate change on hermit crab distributions will depend more strongly on factors other than concurrent effects on dispersion of gastropods.

This essay investigates the applicability of Joseph Campbell’s notion of the Hero’s Journey from his theoretical work The Hero with a Thousand Faces on J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit, or, There and Back Again. This has been done by outlining the essential aspects of Campbell’s theory and then performing a reading and analysis of Tolkien’s work. Furthermore, this essay focuses on the narrative structure proposed by Campbell, but also the heroic character’s development—in this instance, Bilbo Baggins’ development. As such, a brief examination of Campbell’s attitude and use of Freudian psychoanalysis has been performed as well as a presentation of Bilbo Baggins’ character and dual nature before the adventure. As a possible line of argument Tolkien’s knowledge of myth is also briefly expounded on. This essay does not research or make any definitive statements on the universal applicability of Campbell’s theory, but merely finds that Tolkien’s The Hobbit, or, There and Back Again appears to conform well to Campbell’s proposed narrative structure and that the development of Bilbo’s heroic character, or his character arc, is in concurrence with this as well.

This thesis explores structures of melancholy in five of Kurt Vonnegut's early novels, Player Piano, The Sirens of Titan, Mother Night, Slaughterhouse-Five and Breakfast of Champions. The thesis attempts to give new readings to each of the novels by drawing on critical approaches to melancholy and by viewing each text as being subject to contemporary cultural influences. In particular, the thesis maps how each of the novels comments on human progress through a combination of historical, scientific, cultural, social and political paradigms. In the chapters on The Sirens of Titan and Mother Night the protagonist is seen as suffering from a number of melancholic complaints that are closely related to schizophrenia, while the narratives as a whole exploit this splintering of the self to suggest a variety of allegorical readings. The chapters on Player Piano, Slaughterhouse-Five and Breakfast of Champions discuss how the Puritan foundations of American culture play a major part in the construction of the self through the establishment of the Protestant work ethic. These chapters also attempt to expose how many of the ideological concepts that adhere to work, progress and capitalism have melancholic consequences for all involved. Throughout the thesis the relationship between reality and representation, language and authority is seen as being crucial to understanding the depth of Vonnegut's early novels and the way in which each novel deconstructs established values and subverts readers' expectations. Occasionally, the thesis discusses the novels' poststructural concerns as appearing to precipitate melancholy within both readers and characters. However, the thesis also explores how melancholy has been seen historically to galvanise the soul and build up, from the depths of depression, a renewal of spirit. Overall, the thesis shows how melancholy is a constituent part of Vonnegut's novels, connecting his work to the tradition in American melancholic writing created by the founders of the nation. This thesis traces the persistence of this melancholic note within selected Vonnegut novels and its connections with other themes identified within his work.

Heroin addiction is inclined to arouse fear, rejection and discriminatory behavior among the general public. Evidence shows that the public perceives heroin as harmful and addictive. Heroin is ranked as the most stigmatized condition. While there is robust literature on mental illness stigma, there is limited research concerning addiction-related stigma. There are very few standardized stigma measures related to perceptions toward persons addicted to heroin. The overall aim of the dissertation was to validate an attribution measurement model toward persons addicted to heroin and to determine its psychometric properties. The dissertation’s study employed an adapted 7-factor measurement model (Corrigan et al., 2002) to examine stigmatizing perceptions towards persons addicted to heroin. This is the first study to systematically evaluate model fit by implementing Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). A total of 657 Sociology students were analyzed over four stages: questionnaire review by expert panel, pilot-test, validation and replication. The study tested multiple incremental models and successfully determined that the results met multiple goodness-of-fit indices. Through ESEM, Sociology-Social Control students supported the hypothesis that the adapted 7-factor attribution measurement model would fit data. The model included: Personal Responsibility, Pity, Anger, Helping Behavior, Dangerousness, Fear and Social Distance factors. Adequate power and sample size was demonstrated to support acceptance of the null hypothesis. In addition to conducting Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), ESEM tested the psychometric properties of the attribution measurement model. Implementing maximum likelihood extraction with oblique geomin rotation using Mplus software, the Sociology-Social Control students’ validation and replication datasets showed an excellent model fit to the data. Results confirmed support for the superiority of the ESEM solution. The ESEM attribution measurement model fit better than the CFA model. Compared to the ESEM model, elevated factor correlations found in the CFA model were caused by the exclusion of meaningful cross-loadings. Strong psychometric properties for the ESEM attribution model were evidenced, with good internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability. The factor structure was replicable across the two groups of Sociology-Social Control students. Adequate ESEM incremental and convergent validity was supported by the simultaneous examination of the Social Distance scale and the Personal Consequences of Criminal Stigma measures with the measurement model. In the replication sample, familiarity demonstrated less stigmatizing perceptions than the SOC313 Course. Our findings highlight marked differences between the Sociology-Social Control students and the general population’s perceptions of heroin addicts. The Sociology-Social Control students are not afraid of persons addicted to heroin, nor do they hold them responsible for their condition. To conclude, the study provides newly validated measures with adequate reliability to allow investigators to assess other students’ level of addiction stigma. It is anticipated that the dissertation’s study will lead to further comparative psychometric testing with healthcare students that are directly involved with the care and treatment of persons addicted to heroin to provide a better understanding of the factorial structure of the attribution measurement model. Longitudinal data is also needed to examine our model and how levels of perceptions change over time.

The observations discussed in this thesis are of regions of star-formation where outflow is believed to be occurring. Specifically, radio, millimeter/sub-millimeter and infrared observations are made to illustrate the molecular structure of outflows and related phenomena. CO J = 2-1 observations of the molecular outflow from the infrared reflection nebulae GGD27 IRS complement earlier CO J&61 1-0 observations and further allow us to revise previous estimates of the outflow mass and energetics. The mass derived here is comparable to mass estimates for other outflows from similarly luminous sources, though it is a factor of ~10 less than that derived from the earlier CO 1-0 observations. This difference is due to the choice of excitation temperature used in deriving the outflow mass; here combining CO 2-1 observations with the 1-0 studies allows us to calculate T_ex more precisely. I also show that the conical outflow overlaps the plain of the sky, and find that the observed molecular flow is not powerful enough to excite the associated HH nebulae HH80/81. Studies of the molecular environment around the HH objects HH1 and 2, and towards the optical jet/HH bow-shock system HH34 reveal the presence of dense, quiescent molecular material associated with all three HH objects. The presence of such stationary, molecular clumps, particularly evident in HH2 and HH34, does not support current popular HH models. Observations of these regions in a number of molecular species also show how contrasting and sometimes misleading observations in different molecular gas tracers can be: In HH2 peaks seen in NH_3 (,1) do not coincide with the well resolved clump observed in HCO^+ J = 3-2, whilst the C^18O J = 2-1 emission shows no clear peak at all. These contrasting morphologies are thought to be due to the differing excitation requirements of the observed lines. However, in HH34 chemical abundance variations are also significant: Towards the exciting source of the optical stellar jet and HH bow-shock, the NH_3 is underabundant. Indeed, in many other outflow sources, a similar NH_3 depletion is observed towards the central source. Instead, the NH_3 delineates a toroidal structure that encircles the central gas-density peak and the outflow source.

The parapagurids Sympagurus dimorphus (Studer, 1883) and Parapagurus bouvieri (Stebbing, 1910) dominate South African deeper-water benthic invertebrate communities. Samples from the 2016 DAFF bi-annual hake demersal research trawl surveys provided data on population structure and morphology. Since these species forego the use of "traditional" gastropod shells in favour of symbiotically-associated Epizoanthus pseudoshells, these data were also used to investigate parameters of pseudoshell association. S. dimorphus to have a female-biased sex ratio of 1:1.5, and P. bouvieri of 1:1. The proportion of males in both species increased with cephalothoracic shield (CL) length. S. dimorphus males had positive allometric major right chelipeds, while P. bouvieri cheliped lengths were positively allometric in males, and negatively allometric in females. All collected P. bouvieri occurred in pseudoshells, but S. dimorphus showed a real shell occupancy rate of 3.39% (n = 38). A positive relationship was found between CL size and real shell occupation frequency (r2 = 0.96). S. dimorphus pseudoshell zoanthid polyps increased in number as a function of both total shell volume (R2 = 0.73) and colony height (R2 = 0.61), with polyps present on every available part of the shell. No such relationship was found for P. bouvieri, presumably because the polyps are distributed in a linear pattern around the back and outside of the pseudoshell. Juvenile parapagurids appear to select for Naticidae original shells, with Euspira napus being the dominant original shell species for both S. dimorphus (45.45 %) and P. bouvieri (39.00 %). Questions are raised about whether these hermits exist along an evolutionary continuum of traditional shell reliance, whereby the species utilise their pseudoshells differently - P. bouvieri appears to show a stronger mutualistic symbiosis with its exclusive pseudoshell species than S. dimorphus, and may have lost the ability to change shelters entirely, utilising the pseudoshell as a brood pouch covering only the abdomen, rather than as a shell in which to retract to escape predation. Data from 1987 - 2014 surveys were used to map the distribution patterns and densities of these species in the southern Benguela, and to investigate changes in the populations over time. As it stands, no correction factor need be applied to South African parapagurid catches as a result of the 2003-2004 change in survey gear. However, further work is needed. S. dimorphus occurred at a significantly greater mean sample mass (287.88 kg.km⁻²) than P. bouvieri (31.37 kg.km⁻²). The bulk of sample mass occurred within the West Coast Benguela upwelling region, with very few parapagurids caught over the Agulhas Bank, which may be too shallow for either species, given that S. dimorphus showed a preferential depth range of 200 - 299 m (range 30 - 814 m) and P. bouvieri of 400 - 499 m (range 62 - 700 m). The highest mean sample masses occurred on muddy sand (61.00 kg.km⁻²) and sandy sediments (45.68 kg.km⁻²). Overall catchability (mean = 43.35%) has remained constant over the 23 years (R2 = 0.13) with a slight trend towards increasing catchability over time, which may correspond to a change in survey design.

L'évolution du moment cinétique des étoiles de masse intermédiaire (1.5-15 Msun) et l'importance du champ magnétique dans cette évolution, surtout dans la phase pré-séquence principale (PMS), sont des aspects encore très mal connus de l'évolution stellaire. Mes travaux se situent dans ce cadre, et leur objectif est d'une part de fournir des contraintes observationnelles, et d'autre part d'effectuer les premiers pas vers une modélisation complète de l'évolution pré-séquence principale à ces masses-là, tenant compte de la rotation et du champ magnétique.

Dans un premier temps, j'ai utilisé le système binaire à éclipses PMS RS Cha pour tester la physique contenue dans les modèles d'évolution des étoiles PMS. Pour cela j'ai tout d'abord complété notre connaissance des paramètres de ce système en redéterminant la masse des 2 composantes et en mesurant précisément leur métallicité, à l'aide de données spectroscopiques. La comparaison des paramètres fondamentaux des composantes PMS de RS Cha à ceux calculés m'a permis de valider les modèles actuels d'évolution PMS, à condition d'utiliser la nouvelle composition chimique solaire d'Asplund et al. (2004). Ces travaux apportent par ailleurs une confirmation indépendante des résultats d'Asplund et al., au moment où un débat est engagé sur la validité de ces nouvelles abondances.

La deuxième partie de ma thèse fut consacrée à l'étude du magnétisme d'un échantillon de 50 étoiles Ae/Be de Herbig, étoiles PMS de masse intermédiaire, à l'aide du spectropolarimètre ESPaDOnS, nouvellement installé au CFHT. Nous avons détecté 4 étoiles magnétiques dans cet échantillon, c'est-à-dire que la proportion d'étoiles magnétiques parmi les étoiles Ae/Be de Herbig est proche de celle des étoiles Ap/Bp magnétiques parmi les étoiles A et B de la séquence principale. A l'aide d'un modèle simple de rotateur oblique, j'ai montré que la structure de ces champs magnétiques est proche d'une structure dipolaire à grande échelle comme le champ magnétique des étoiles Ap/Bp. Ces résultats constituent un argument fort en faveur de l'hypothèse d'un champ fossile pour expliquer l'origine du champ magnétique des étoiles Ap/Bp.

We present Gemini Planet Imager polarized intensity imagery of HD 100453 in Y, J, and K1 bands that reveals an inner gap (9-18 au), an outer disk (18-39 au) with two prominent spiral arms, and two azimuthally localized dark features that are also present in Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE) total intensity images. Spectral energy distribution fitting further suggests that the radial gap extends to 1 au. The narrow, wedge-like shape of the dark features appears similar to predictions of shadows cast by an inner disk that is misaligned with respect to the outer disk. Using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code HOCHUNCK3D, we construct a model of the disk that allows us to determine its physical properties in more detail. From the angular separation of the features, we measure the difference in inclination between the disks (45 degrees) and their major axes, PA = 140 degrees east of north for the outer disk, and 100 degrees for the inner disk. We find an outer-disk inclination of 25 degrees +/- 10 degrees from face-on, in broad agreement with the Wagner et al. measurement of 34 degrees. SPHERE data in J and H bands indicate a reddish disk, which indicates that HD 100453 is evolving into a young debris disk.

Cette thèse présente une approche probabiliste de la modélisation de la mécanique des matériaux et des structures. Le dimensionnement est influencé par l'incertitude des paramètres d'entrée. Le travail est interdisciplinaire et les méthodes décrites sont appliquées à des exemples de biomécanique et de génie civil. La motivation de ce travail était le besoin d'approches basées sur la mécanique dans la modélisation et la simulation des implants utilisés dans la réparation des hernies ventrales. De nombreuses incertitudes apparaissent dans la modélisation du système implant-paroi abdominale. L'approche probabiliste proposée dans cette thèse permet de propager ces incertitudes et d’étudier leurs influences respectives. La méthode du chaos polynomial basée sur la régression est utilisée dans ce travail. L'exactitude de ce type de méthodes non intrusives dépend du nombre et de l'emplacement des points de calcul choisis. Trouver une méthode universelle pour atteindre un bon équilibre entre l'exactitude et le coût de calcul est encore une question ouverte. Différentes approches sont étudiées dans cette thèse afin de choisir une méthode efficace et adaptée au cas d’étude. L'analyse de sensibilité globale est utilisée pour étudier les influences des incertitudes d'entrée sur les variations des sorties de différents modèles. Les incertitudes sont propagées aux modèles implant-paroi abdominale. Elle permet de tirer des conclusions importantes pour les pratiques chirurgicales. À l'aide de l'expertise acquise à partir de ces modèles biomécaniques, la méthodologie développée est utilisée pour la modélisation de joints de bois historiques et la simulation de leur comportement mécanique. Ce type d’étude facilite en effet la planification efficace des réparations et de la rénovation des bâtiments ayant une valeur historique
This thesis presents a probabilistic approach to modelling the mechanics of materials and structures where the modelled performance is influenced by uncertainty in the input parameters. The work is interdisciplinary and the methods described are applied to medical and civil engineering problems. The motivation for this work was the necessity of mechanics-based approaches in the modelling and simulation of implants used in the repair of ventral hernias. Many uncertainties appear in the modelling of the implant-abdominal wall system. The probabilistic approach proposed in this thesis enables these uncertainties to be propagated to the output of the model and the investigation of their respective influences. The regression-based polynomial chaos expansion method is used here. However, the accuracy of such non-intrusive methods depends on the number and location of sampling points. Finding a universal method to achieve a good balance between accuracy and computational cost is still an open question so different approaches are investigated in this thesis in order to choose an efficient method. Global sensitivity analysis is used to investigate the respective influences of input uncertainties on the variation of the outputs of different models. The uncertainties are propagated to the implant-abdominal wall models in order to draw some conclusions important for further research. Using the expertise acquired from biomechanical models, modelling of historic timber joints and simulations of their mechanical behaviour is undertaken. Such an investigation is important owing to the need for efficient planning of repairs and renovation of buildings of historical value

The effects of reversible fetal tracheal occlusion (TO), and antenatal glucocorticoids on lung growth, structure, surfactant levels, and function were assessed in a lamb hypoplastic lung model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). CDH, CDH+TO, CDH+TO+release of the tracheal occlusion one week before delivery (TR), and unoperated twin controls were compared. TO+/-TR partially normalized the hypoplastic lungs of CDH: they accelerated growth of both lungs and led to structural maturity. Only TO thinned the medial area of small pulmonary arteries closer to control values. Despite TO, TR, and glucocorticoids, lungs from lambs with CDH have dysfunctional type II cells with decreased surfactant levels. Nonetheless, CDH+TO lambs showed normal oxygenation, ventilation, and compliance over untreated CDH, with a clear survival advantage over an eight hour resuscitation. TR one week before delivery had no added benefit in terms of lung function. It appears that surfactant independent mechanisms such as pulmonary growth and structural changes are of foremost importance in relating to improved compliance, oxygenation, and ventilation of CDH+TO animals.

The complex polysaccharide, heparan sulfate (HS), regulates airway development by controlling cell-cell and cell-matrix communication via interactions with a vast number of proteins e.g., growth factors. Loss of HS biosynthetic enzymes in Drosophila and mice illustrates the requirement for HS in airway morphogenesis and results in a major disruption in airway branching, and in the mouse, neonatal death. However, knowledge of HS structure within the lung is limited. HS antibodies produced by 'phage display provide a new tool for analysing HS in situ and have allowed specific HS structures to be probed in the lung.

This construction programme deals with a hermit colony located in the western part of the Vysočina Region. This hermit colony has been established to provide accommodation for women living in this area permanently while offering an opportunity of occasional relaxation for people who are living hectic lives in urban environment. The aim of my project is to design the remaining parts of the colony, i.e. two hermitages and the community’s chapel. A hermitage is a one-storey building intended for one person only. The load-bearing walls of the individual hermitages are designed to be built from different materials (wooden and masonry constructions) whereas the elevational structures of all the buildings are to be the same. The chapel’s wall system combines stone and wood. The chapel will serve solely the purposes of the community. The main objective of my project is to respect and maintain the natural features of the landscape to the maximum extent possible.

Submitted by Lara Oliveira (lara@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-03-23T21:33:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraGM_DISSERT.pdf: 2481190 bytes, checksum: b1ca8d847270148db31443c379c38868 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-13T14:59:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraGM_DISSERT.pdf: 2481190 bytes, checksum: b1ca8d847270148db31443c379c38868 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-13T14:59:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraGM_DISSERT.pdf: 2481190 bytes, checksum: b1ca8d847270148db31443c379c38868 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-13T14:59:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraGM_DISSERT.pdf: 2481190 bytes, checksum: b1ca8d847270148db31443c379c38868 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The purpose of this study was providing population biology and reproduction data and to determine the shell utilization pattern of Clibanarius antillensis at Baixa Grande Beach, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (4°57’22”S / 37°08’13”W), using the percentage of the different shell type that were occupied and the morphometric relationship between hermit crabs and occupied shells. Specimens were collected at two-months intervals from October 2012 to August 2013, using sampling effort of two collectors for 1 hour during spring low tides. The hermit crabs collected were identified and had their carapace shield length measured (mm). All occupied gastropod shells were identified and had their shell biometric parameters (aperture width, aperture length and internal volume) measured (mm). A total of 576 individuals ofClibanarius antillensis was obtained of which 191 were males (33.16%), 140 nonovigerous females (24.31%), 125 intersex (21.70%) and 120 ovigerous females (20.83%), using seven species of gastropods. Cerithium atratum and Stramonita haemastoma were the most occupied shells, with 69.97%, and 24.31%, respectively. The average size of male ranged from 1.43 to 9.64 mm of CEC (4.29 ± 1.56 mm); 1.6 to 6.88 mm for non ovigerous females (3.79 ± 1.18 mm); 1.42 to 8.38 mm for intersex (3.69 ± 1.36 mm) and 2.1 to 7.27 mm for ovigerous females (3.76 ± 1.09 mm). Sexual dimorphism was recorded by the larger average size attained by males in relation to females (ovigerous and non-ovigerous) and intersexes. The shells of C. atratum had higher frequency of occupation by smaller organisms, especially in the size class 3.00 -] 4.00mm, while Stramonita haemastoma housed larger organisms, predominantly in the size class 4,00--] 5.00mm. There were differences in the pattern of occupation by males, not ovigerous females, intersex and ovigerous females. Males were significantly higher than the other categories. The size difference strongly influenced the shell utilization pattern, principaly in S. haemastoma, which has the largest Shell volume, being preffered by males. The other categories have occupied most significantly shells of C. atratum due to small size and lower width of the apperture width and length of the shells. Annual size-frequency distirbutions were unimodal, with non-normal distribution. The overall sex ratio was 1: 1.36 (M: F) and did not differ significantly from the expected sex ratio of 1: 1. Ovigerous females were present in all year-round. The fecundity of the studied population was of 178.14, with an average number of eggs of 178.14 ± 85.61 ranging from 51 eggs (CEC = 3.21 xvi mm) to 325 eggs (CEC = 6.77 mm), being much smaller than that of subtropical popultions of this species. The regression analysis shows that the number of eggs increase linearly with the increase of crabs shield lenght and internal volume of shells. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation between the dimensions of hermit crabs and the utilized shells. In this study, occupation by C. antillensis varied as a function of shell morphometric charactistic, with intraspecific differences in occupation partterns also occuring at Baixa Grande Beach
O objetivo desse estudo foi fornecer dados populacionais e reprodutivos da espécie de caranguejo-eremita Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1859, e definir sua preferência na ocupação de conchas de gastrópodos nos recifes de arenito, da praia de Baixa Grande, Areia Branca, Rio Grande do Norte (4°57’22”S / 37°08’13”W). As coletas foram realizadas a cada dois meses, de outubro de 2012 a agosto de 2013, utilizando esforço amostral de dois coletores por hora durante as marés baixas de sizígia. Os caranguejos-eremitas foram coletados manualmente e, em laboratório, as conchas dos moluscos e os exemplares de anomuros foram identificados e medidos. Um total de 576 indivíduos foram coletados, sendo 191 machos (33,16%), 140 fêmeas não ovígeras (24,31%), 125 intersexos (21,70%) e 120 fêmeas ovígeras (20,83%), ocupando 7 espécies de gastrópodos, sendo Cerithium atratum a mais ocupada (69,97%), seguida de Stramonita haemastoma (24,31%), Pisania pusio (1,22 %), Leucozonia nassa (3,47%), Tegula viridula (0,52%), Anachis obesa (0,35%) e Olivella minuta (0,17%). O tamanho médio dos indivíduos machos variou de 1,43 a 9,64 mm de CEC (média de 4,29 1,56 mm); de 1,6 a 6,88 mm de CEC para as fêmeas não ovígeras (3,79 1,18 mm); de 1,42 a 8,38 mm de CEC para os intersexos (3,69 1,36 mm) e de 2,1 a 7,27 mm de CEC para as fêmeas ovígeras (3,76 1,09 mm). A população apresentou dimorfismo sexual quanto ao tamanho, sendo os machos significativamente maiores do que demais categorias. Os machos ocorreram em 10 classes de tamanho, os intersexos em nove enquanto as fêmeas (ovígeras e não-ovígeras) ocorrem em apenas seis classes. Houve diferença também no padrão de ocupação de conchas. As conchas de S. haemastoma foram preferidas por machos, devido às maiores dimensões de comprimento e largura da abertura da concha, e espaço internodessas conchas. As demais categorias ocuparam mais significativamente conchas de C. atratum, devido ao seu tamanho reduzido e medidas da abertura de concha menores, promovendo maior proteção contra estresses ambientais e bióticos. As conchas de C. atratum tiveram maior frequência de ocupação por organismos menores, principalmente na classe de tamanho 3,00--]4,00 mm, enquanto S. haemastoma abrigou organismos maiores, com predominância na classe de tamanho 4,00--]5,00 mm. A distribuição da população nas classes de tamanho foi unimodal, com distribuição não normal (KS = 0,15; p <0,001), o que reflete um recrutamento contínuo ao longo do ano. A razão xiv sexual total foi de 1: 1,36 (M:F) e não diferiu significativamente da razão sexual esperada de 1:1. As fêmeas ovígeras estiveram presentes em todos os meses amostrados. O índice de fecundidade média foi de 178,14, com número médio de ovos de 178,14 85,61 variando de 51 ovos (CEC = 3,21 mm) a 325 ovos (CEC = 6,77 mm). Existe uma correlação positiva entre o tamanho do escudo cefalotorácico e do volume interno da concha com o número de ovos, sendo que a primeira é a que mais explica a variação na quantidade de ovos.Ao analisar as medidas do comprimento da abertura, largura da abertura e volume interno das conchas elas mostraram uma correlação positiva com o tamanho dos caranguejos-eremitas
2017-03-23

This Old Man is comprised of a childhood section from a larger novel that interweaves the experiences of a group of childhood friends who, as adults, are compelled to return to their home town to face an evil they were haunted by as children. Due to word count constraints, the chapters submitted for the Thesis are from the ‘childhood section’ of the novel only. The novel in its entirety explores how adult selves are shaped by their past experiences. This first thematic drive is explored alongside another, which focusses on ideas of agency and humanity in the face of these deterministic forces. The larger work responds to Stephen King’s IT. It employs the tropes of the Horror genre to tell a story about manhood, boyhood, and what happens in between; a story about the summer when, as kids, the characters were hunted by The Farmer and his Doberman, and the summer nearly twenty years later when they return to finish the battle as adults: adults with inner demons that may prove to be stronger than the Farmer himself; adults who are facing the traumas of their past and attempting to find the capacity to forge and maintain relationships; adults who must finally grow up and accept responsibility for their actions and the fate of their lives. ‘An Act of Reading and Writing’ Why am I drawn to heroic genre fiction? Why did I choose it as a mode to explore agency? And why did Horror end up being the mode in which to do it? What is it about the reinvention of these familiar structures that on the one hand fills a deep need for stability, but on the other challenges the way I think about the world? Why do reading and writing act as a meditative process? What is it about fiction that evades essentialism, and how do prescriptive structures like the Hero’s Journey act as a meditative space that open themselves up to interpret the world around us? This exegesis explores these questions through a framework of discussions with texts that informed my work. Using a humanist framework centred on the agency of the individual to affect change, as argued for by Edward Said, I explore how literature acts as a kind of humanist theology in the post-modern world, as envisaged by Andy Mousley. I then explore how heroic structures in genre fiction might be a meditation on agency.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 2017.

This thesis explores the relationship that forms between brand communities and those faces and heroes that represent the brand organisation. Previous research has focused on the direct relationships that individuals form with celebrities in the form of imagined parasocial or pseudo-relationships. The marketing literature has focused on the influence those celebrities external to the organisation have in endorsing brands, considering endorser credibility, attractiveness and meanings. However, for brand communities, the brand faces and heroes are drawn from within the organisation and their importance lies in their contribution to the brand. In order to explore this mediated relationship, where the brand is the focus of worship between brand communities and brand faces / heroes, two ethnographic studies were conducted. The first study was on the Discworld community, which is a fantasy / comedy book series with a single brand hero: the author, Terry Pratchett. The second was the Brumbies rugby union team based in Canberra Australia, which has multiple brand faces and heroes in the players, coaches and managers. Data collection followed the ethnographic style of researcher embeddedness and data analysis followed the procedures outlined in grounded theory. To triangulate the results of the qualitative studies, quantitative surveys were also conducted in each community. The findings from these studies suggest three main thematic conclusions. The first is the confirmation of the brand as the mediator in the relationship between brand communities and brand faces / heroes. In this situation, a brand face is only considered heroic when they demonstrate their contribution to the brand and their willingness to uphold the same brand values that are important to the community. The second conclusion lies in the nature of brand hero authenticity, where consumers are active participants in the market system but seek brand value over commercial success. This is a constant tension between brand communities and brand organisations. However, brand heroes are those faces that are willing to forgo commercial concerns in order to advance key brand values. The final conclusion concerns the development of the brand community theatre model, which outlines the various roles that brand faces enact with the brand community in a constant negotiation of brand values! in a performance metaphor. The first contribution that this thesis makes to marketing theory is the brand face / hero concept, where relationships are formed via a brand proxy. An additional contribution is the confirmation that brand authenticity is based on a perceived distance from the market system. For brand communities, genuine sacredness exists within the brand rather than within the market. Marketers need to be seen to be advancing brand values rather than simply achieving commercial success. Finally, a new model of brand meaning negotiation is developed using a performance metaphor that extends beyond the individual levels outlined in McAlexander et al.'s (2002) model. The model proposed in this thesis includes group level negotiation between organisations and brand communities and allows individuals to become increasingly active in brand value negotiation.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
This thesis looks at the role that public history, expressed through civic pride and public memory, and military history have played in shaping the history of Vincennes, Indiana, from the battle fought by George Rogers Clark to the memorial named after him and finally with the four United States Navy ships named Vincennes.