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Journal articles on the topic 'Heritage objects'
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1
Aleksandrova, Maria A. "Age as a criterion of value for tangible cultural heritage objects under Russian law." Pravovedenie 64, no. 1 (2020): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2020.114.
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UNESCO’s activities are dedicated to the conservation of both intangible and tangible cultural heritage. One of the most difficult issues in constructing a system for the protection of tangible cultural heritage objects is the criteria for identifying objects as cultural heritage. Obviously, it takes time to assess the cultural or historical value and significance of a tangible object. In most cases, granting the status of a cultural heritage object is assigned much later than its creation. However, international acts also do not contain specific requirements for how old a particular object should be in order to qualify it as an object of cultural heritage. UNESCO’s practice is known for several cases of adding to the World Heritage List relatively young sites. The Russian Cultural Heritage Object Act (2002), along with the laws of some other countries, establishes a specific age (40 years) that any object must reach in order to become a cultural heritage object. An exception is made only for memorial apartments and buildings (they can be attributed as objects of cultural heritage immediately after the death of famous personalities) and for objects of archeology (they must be at least 100 years old). This rule of law is mandatory, which means that it does not make other exceptions to the rule of 40 years. Such a rule of law significantly distinguishes the Russian approach from foreign legislation. On the one hand, such regulation may negatively affect the possibility of protecting outstanding objects from the late Soviet and early new Russian period. On the other hand, the approach of granting the status of cultural heritage objects to many relatively new objects can negatively affect urban development. The author proposes to evaluate and review this provision of law in order to find the optimal balance of public and private interests.
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Mikhailov, Aleksei. "The protection of cultural heritage objects. Intangible aspects." Урбанистика, no. 3 (March 2023): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2023.3.43592.
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The work continues the author's research on the intangible aspects of the subject of protection of cultural heritage objects and is the basis for proposals for amendments to legislation on the protection of cultural heritage objects. The results of the research is a long-term study of methods for determining the subject of protection of cultural heritage objects in terms of specifying intangible features. The author pays special attention to the analysis of historical events that occurred in the object or its surrounding historical environment, which influenced its perception by both contemporaries and their descendants. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the allocation of intangible aspects of the subject of protection as a separate parameter. In most cases, studying the object of cultural heritage, its stages of formation, we do not pay special attention to the existence of the place. In the methods of objects of protection, attention is paid to the material component of the object of protection. However, it is by studying the intangible component of the history of the formation of the object, such as the memories of contemporaries, artistic depiction, historical use, and so on. The result of the study is a system of intangible attributes of objects of protection of cultural heritage objects, as a necessary measure to preserve the value characteristics of the object of cultural heritage. The author gives recommendations on amendments to legislative norms in the field of protection of cultural heritage objects.
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Tytarenko, Ihor, Ivan Pavlenko, and Iryna Dreval. "3D Modeling of a Virtual Built Environment Using Digital Tools: Kilburun Fortress Case Study." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 26, 2023): 1577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031577.
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The reliable reconstruction of cultural or historical heritage objects is an urgent problem for humanity. It can be successfully solved using up-to-date 3D modeling tools. The proposed technique allows for modeling virtual environments at an even higher level. This study aimed to develop an approach for designing historical heritage objects with sufficient accuracy using a built environment. The Kilburun Fortress was chosen as the object of study. The modeling procedure includes monitoring the object’s territory, analyzing archival, librarian, and cartographic sources, and further modeling and reproducing the research object in a virtual environment using various software tools. The following stages were implemented during this study: analysis and processing of preliminary data (analysis of plans and schemes, overlapping maps); the scaling of graphical objects for the reliable reproduction of the studied object; the design of a working 3D model using AutoCAD and SketchUp; the rendering and final processing of textures using Quixel; and visualization using Twinmotion. As a result, a model of the historical heritage object was created using 3D means. The model can also be integrated into ArchiCAD and Revit software.
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Афанасьев, Олег, and Oleg Afanasiev. "PROTECTION OF THE RURAL DESTINATIONS AS THE WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 7 (November 7, 2016): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21818.
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The article discusses the concept of “agrоcultural (agricultural) heritage” and composing it objects in rural (agricultural) tourism, for which they are the most important destinations. This research object is interdisciplinary, affecting a variety of spheres, particularly, agroourism, sightseeing, services and so forth, and economy in general. Agricultural heritage includes tangible objects of agricultural and technical culture, created for the production. Such objects are saved for better and complete study and understanding of their nature, not for contemplation; they are not works of art. This heritage is anthropogenic and technological. From the scientific and methodological point of view the very understanding of the term of "agricultural heritage" is still quite uncertain. The article presents a comprehensive understanding of it based on the nature-use concept as a binary object system "Man - Nature". The available experience of classification of agricultural heritage objects is considered.
Starting 2002, at the initiative of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) the criteria are developed and an inventory of objects of the world agro- cultural heritage, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), is conducted.
One of the GIAHS goals is identifying objects of agricultural heritage that are most corresponding to the status of "global agricultural heritage" and their promotion for including to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The article presents for the first time ever full GIAHS list in Russian as of October, 2016.
We have separated in special list 114 objects from 58 countries, corresponding in our view to the concept of "agricultural heritage" from the UNESCO World Heritage List current at the end of 2016. The article presets the attempt to classify them by 12 categories. The rating of countries in the world by the number of Agricultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites is submitted. The author notes that exactly this category of objects forms a primary resource base for the agricultural (rural) tourism development as the most important attractive destinations, especially in Europe. As the conclusions the reasons are formulated, under which agricultural tourism is a promising form of tourism organization both for individual agricultural enterprises on the basis of objects of agricultural heritage, and for the regions in which these objects are presented.
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Pizzato, Fedra A. "Objects of Inquiry." Nuncius 37, no. 3 (December 14, 2022): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-bja10043.
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Abstract Contrary to other forms of heritage (i.e., art collections), archaeology is based on allegedly objective data and is, therefore, particularly suitable to support ideological narratives on the past. Its scientific nature, combined with the proximity between its subject, material findings, and the cultural heritage of certain groups, entails that its history is key to understanding the interactions between science and its public. From an historical analysis that highlights the dynamics of inclusion and exclusion, participation and narration of heritage, we can move on to reconstruct a critical approach to museums, collections, and cultural heritage in the society of the present and the future and re-imagine the role of history of science in this complex process.
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VALUIEV, Anton. "Archaeological heritage as a subject of criminal offense." Economics. Finances. Law 2, no. - (February 27, 2023): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2023.2.11.
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Today, the archaeological heritage is an integral element of the objective side of the composition of the crime provided for in Art. 298 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. At the same time, the effectiveness of the mentioned article, in our opinion, raises certain doubts. First of all, this is due to the fact that encroachments, the subject of which is the archaeological heritage, have a high level of latency. In addition, when applying Part 1 of Art. 298 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in the vast majority of cases, there is a problem of proving that illegal archaeological explorations, excavations, other earthworks or underwater works were carried out precisely on the site of archaeological heritage. This paper is devoted to the study of archaeological heritage as a subject of criminal encroachment and clarification of the terminological apparatus used in defining the specified element. During the research, all existing archaeological heritage sites in Ukraine were divided into three groups: 1) known archaeological heritage sites; 2) intended objects of archaeological heritage; 3) unknown objects of archaeological heritage. The given gradation gives rise to certain peculiarities regarding the status of archaeological heritage objects and the adaptation of measures aimed at their protection. Yes, criminal protection under Art. 298 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine applies only to objects of archaeological heritage of the first group. Legal protection is provided to known objects of archaeological heritage that have just been discovered or those that exist as monuments of national or local importance, that is, objects that have been granted the legal status of «object of archaeological heritage» by the state. In any other case, it is impossible to prosecute the guilty persons for the illegal conduct of archaeological explorations, excavations, other earthworks or underwater works on the object of archaeological heritage, which belongs to the second or third group. They do not have the corresponding legal status of «site of archaeological heritage», despite the fact that they are such in essence. It became necessary to introduce changes to the current legislation for the purpose of preventive protection not only of objects of archaeological heritage with a clearly defined legal status, but also of those that do not have it.
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Saveliev, Matvei V., Natalya A. Unagaeva, and Irina G. Fedchenko. "THE FEATURES OF PUBLIC SPACE FORMATION WITHIN CULTURAL HERITAGE AREAS OF INFLUENCE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 42 (2021): 135–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/42/12.
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The authors consider the problem of formation of open public spaces within areas affected by the influence of cultural heritage sites. The focus here is on the historical center of Krasnoyarsk city. Relevance of the research is determined, on the one hand, by the current trend for the formation of comfortable urban environment in public open spaces. On the other hand, by the appearance of numerous implemented projects, including those in Krasnoyarsk, which have identical functional and objective content, detached from the cultural and historical context of the environment. The analysis of the “Map of areas with special land use requirements related to the protection of cultural heritage objects” in the historic center of Krasnoyarsk revealed the following characteristic morphotypes of public open spaces (genesis types) within cultural heritage areas: territory adjacent to a single cultural heritage object (protection zone of a cultural heritage object), which is part of the street; territory adjacent to a single cultural heritage object (protection zone of a cultural heritage object), which is inside the development area (yard, courtyard garden, manor house); a street formed by the facades of several cultural heritage objects on one or both sides; a square or a garden square, which is part of the architectural ensemble – an object of cultural heritage; the territory of the quarter formed by a group of cultural heritage objects, and which is a cultural heritage protection zone; a park or square within the protected historic green space. Each type is analyzed using examples, survey of protection zones of cultural heritage, the established urban planning regulations within their boundaries regarding the availability of requirements for the improvement of public open spaces. The authors touch upon the problems of landmark attractions, preservation of identity in the historical and cultural environment of the settlement. They also formulate the principles of public open space formation within influence areas of cultural heritage objects on the basis of various methodological approaches approved by the Department of Urban Planning within the School of Architecture and Design of the Siberian Federal University.
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Trias Anditasari, Nur, Wayan Srijaya, and Rochtri Agung Bawono. "Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Arkeologi di Situs Pekauman." Humanis 26, no. 4 (November 19, 2022): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2022.v26.i04.p04.
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Pekauman is a village that has a heritage of archeological resources. Relics found in the form of relics in the era before knowing writing. The purpose of this study is to explain the management of archaeological resources in Pekauman Village as a cultural tourism object in Bondowoso Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method that goes through the stages of collecting data from literature, observation, interviews and analyzed using qualitative analysis, contextual analysis, and SWOT analysis. The results of this study obtained an overview of the damage and consequences of damage to cultural heritage objects in the form of human, natural, and weather factors. Cultural heritage objects studied include menhirs, kenong stones, sarcophagi, and dolmens. Stages of treatment by cleaning the object's environment, cleaning mildew and other treatments.
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Tumeliene, E., V. Nareiko, and J. Suziedelyte Visockiene. "PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF HERITAGE OBJECTS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-5/W1 (December 13, 2017): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-5-w1-71-2017.
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Cultural heritage is an invaluable example of human culture and creativity. The majority of them can become unstable or can be destroyed due to a combination of human and natural disturbances. In order to restore, preserve, and systematize data about architectural heritage objects, it is necessary to have geodetic, photogrammetric measurements of such data and to constantly monitor condition of the objects. The data of immovable cultural objects for many years are stored in photogrammetric data archives. Such archives have Germany, Lithuania, England and other countries. The article gives a brief introduction of the history of data archives formation and presents a photogrammetric and modern methods of modelling the spatial geometric properties of objects currently used to reveal immovable cultural properties and to evaluate geometric sizes. The pilot work was done with the Concept Capture simulation program that was developed by the Bentley company with photos of the Blessed Virgin Mary painting in Pivašiūnai of Trakai district. A shot from the ground with 12.4 MP resolution Pentax K-x camera was done using lenses with different focal lengths. The painting of the Blessed Virgin Mary is coordinated by 4 reference geodesic points and therefore after the modelling work it was possible to evaluate the accuracy of the created model. Based on the results of the spatial (3D) model, photo shooting and modelling recommendations are presented, the advantages of the new technology are distinguished.
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Prysiazhniuk, Oleksii. "Basic stages of history of the underground gethsemane garden monastery in the context of monument protection." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: History. Political Studies 10, no. 27 (2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-27-37-45.
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This research examines and identifies the main stages of the history of an underground monastery in the Gethsemane Garden, from the appearance of the object to the status of a cultural heritage monument. The author draws conclusions about the legal norms enshrined in the regulations that form a system of requirements for procedural actions that turn a cultural heritage object into a monument. The article describes the legal acts that regulate the field of cultural heritage protection and directly influence the process of institutionalization of cultural heritage objects. The process of institutionalization of a monument selected as an example is considered against the background of the history of the object itself in the context of important historical events and historiography of its study. Turning cultural heritage into a monument that is governed by regulations in modern conservation legislation is a complex process. Examples of completing formal procedures and obtaining cultural heritage status are monuments. That is why the author, on the example of cultural heritage – monuments of history, architecture of the underground monastery in the tract «Gethsemane Garden» describes the process of institutionalization of such objects. The institutionalization of cultural heritage means the process of defining and consolidating legal norms, rules, statuses, bringing them into a system capable of acting in the direction of satisfying the need of modern society for the preservation of cultural heritage objects.
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Abramova, Polina Valerievna, and Olga Aleksandrovna Feofanova. "Methodology of museification of paleontological heritage IN SITU." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 1 (54) (2023): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2023-1-12-16.
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The purpose of the article is to determine approaches to the museification of paleontological heritage objects on site within the framework of current museological landscape and environmental approaches. In domestic practice, natural heritage is considered in the context of cultural, and the problems of its preservation are investigated from the standpoint of conservation measures. The reasons for the low museification of natural heritage objects are revealed. Methods of preservation of paleontological objects by museum means are developed on the basis of the well-established methodology of museological practice of archaeological heritage museification, optimal ways of their exposition interpretation are determined. It is revealed that the main method of museification of paleontological objects is conservation, the identified finds can be exhibited in a separate building or directly in situ, in this case it is necessary to erect a glass dome or pavilion over the object. To enhance the attractiveness of the object in the exhibition space, graphic or virtual reconstruction can be used. Based on this technique, an open-air museum can be created, which will ensure the preservation and comprehensive museification of unique natural objects.
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Volkov, V. "PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION AND USE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN TERMS OF ECOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 164 (October 1, 2021): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-4-164-37-42.
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The article investigates the principles of protection and use of cultural heritage sites in terms of ecological optimization of residential areas. The concept of cultural heritage object is defined and the order of definition of protection zones of cultural heritage objects in the conditions of ecological optimization of settlement territories is established. The principles of formation of the status of a cultural heritage object are revealed and the legislative basis is described. The concept of "territory of cultural purpose" is separated. Describes the problems of protection of cultural heritage sites, the main of which include the complexity of the content of objects, the search for the necessary funds for restoration, to solve which it is necessary to attract external sources of funding other than the state. The generally accepted ways of solving the outlined problems are given and the principles of their realization are substantiated, namely the necessity of complex application is emphasized. The classification of the process of reconstruction of cultural heritage is presented, the main directions of which include: restoration, regeneration, revitalization, revaluation, improvement and new construction. Each of these classes is described according to the method of implementation on site. It is emphasized that the protection zones of cultural heritage sites are areas adjacent to the included in the register of monuments and ensembles, and within which, in order to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage sites and compositional and species links, the construction of capital construction projects and their reconstruction related to changes in height, number of floors, area, except for construction and reconstruction of linear objects. The boundaries of the protection zone of the cultural heritage object are structured according to the zones of location of the latter. The directions of the relation of the state supervision in the field of protection of objects of cultural heritage to the principles of realization of the state support are defined. The list of possible measures of influence of citizens and legal entities in the field of protection of cultural heritage objects in the conditions of ecological optimization of settlement territories is offered.
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Marcal, Helia. "PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE HERITAGE PRESERVATION." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 8 (December 20, 2019): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/odk.1084.
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Nowadays, heritage conservators are required to have not only a wide variety of technical but also social and human skills. The shift from a material-based conservation to an approach that focuses on subjects instead of objects (Muñoz Viñas, 2005, p. 147) is a structural approach in contemporary theories of conservation. This tendency towards subjectivity created many possibilities by exposing the multiple perspectives that surround a conservation object. At the same time, it made very clear that conservation objects are contextual and contingent (Clavir, 2009, p. 141). This dichotomy between the tangible and intangible features of a conservation object, however, has been successively overlooked in most conservation endeavours. Prior to the conservation decision-making, institutions usually identified the main stakeholders, with publics and communities being part of that sphere together with owners, artists, and conservators, among others. The decision-making process, however, does not engage with communities in practice. This situation is very problematic for the conservation of cultural heritage objects in general, but it becomes truly hazardous for the preservation of cultural heritage with strong intangible features, such as social artistic practices, ethnographic objects, public art, participatory or performance art or even built heritage, which necessarily involves strong cooperation with communities and artists. After all, to whom are conservators preserving cultural heritage? What is the purpose of conserving cultural heritage for “future generations” if “present generations” are not called to decide in that process? This paper attempts to reflect upon these questions through histories around two buildings in Lisbon that had relevant roles during the Portuguese dictatorship (1933-1974).
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Rinke, Esther, Cristina Flores, and Aldona Sopata. "Heritage Portuguese and Heritage Polish in Contact with German: More Evidence on the Production of Objects." Languages 4, no. 3 (July 10, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages4030053.
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This paper compares the production of different types of direct objects by Portuguese–German and Polish–German bilingual school-aged children in their heritage languages (HLs), Polish and European Portuguese (EP). Given that the two target languages display identical options of object realization, our main research question is whether the two HLs develop in a similar way in bilingual children. More precisely, we aim at investigating whether bilingual children acquiring Polish and EP are sensitive to accessibility and animacy when realizing a direct object in their HL. The results of a production experiment show that this is indeed the case and that the two groups of bilinguals do not differ from each other, although they may overgeneralize null objects or full noun phrases to some extent. We conclude that the bilingual acquisition of object realization is guided by the relevant properties in the target languages and is not influenced by the contact language, German.
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Horbiński, Tymoteusz, and Maciej Smaczyński. "Interactive Thematic Map as a Means of Documenting and Visualizing Information about Cultural Heritage Objects." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 7 (June 27, 2023): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12070257.
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Technological progress in recent decades has made it possible to develop the process of documentation and visualization of cultural heritage objects. Despite numerous studies dealing with the documentation of cultural heritage objects, no standardized research methodology has yet been developed in this field. The interest of many specialists from different fields carrying out different work related to the documentation of cultural heritage objects has resulted in a large amount of data, which causes problems in its processing and visualization. As a rule, researchers focus on one method of data collection and, consequently, on one type of data visualization. The documentation of cultural heritage is very important. Therefore, the authors of this article have aimed to develop a methodological data collection process for the documentation and visualization of information about cultural heritage objects. This is particularly important in light of the development of new methods of measuring and inventorying cultural heritage objects, such as laser scanning or low-level aerial photogrammetry. The authors recognize the need to systematize the methodology of collecting and processing data on cultural heritage objects. In addition, it is critical to develop a methodology for visualizing the acquired data using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology. One of the most important assumptions of the article is to have universally understandable information about the object. The type of documentation and visualization of information developed in the article will be an interactive thematic map (using Leaflet.js and Three.js). Such a map will allow to collect and visualize all kinds of data, from attribute data to 3D models.
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Jegerski, Jill. "The processing of the object marker a by heritage Spanish speakers." International Journal of Bilingualism 22, no. 6 (December 20, 2016): 585–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006916681083.
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Objectives: Previous research has found that object marking with the Spanish particle a is variable among heritage Spanish speakers, based on data from offline experimental measures. The online self-paced reading method used for the present study has the advantage of being less metalinguistic, which may be important with heritage speakers. This incremental measure of sentence processing can also examine whether the single letter form a is simply skipped over during reading. Methodology: Thirty-two heritage Spanish speakers and 16 later Spanish-English bilinguals participated. Critical stimuli were 20 items testing a marking with direct objects and 20 items testing a marking of indirect objects in ditransitive constructions. Data and analysis: The data set included reading times from self-paced reading, accuracy for post-stimulus comprehension questions, and secondary data from an offline acceptability judgment, all of which were analyzed via ANOVAs by subject and by item. Findings: Both groups exhibited robust sensitivity to a marking of indirect objects, sensitivity to a marking with inanimate direct objects, and no sensitivity to a marking with animate direct objects. Originality: This is the first study to examine the real-time processing of object marking among heritage Spanish speakers. It is the second study to include a comparison group of late Spanish-English bilinguals in the US, as opposed to monolinguals residing abroad. Significance: Incremental data from online processing indicate that the visual nonsalience of the marker a is not the sole or primary cause of variability in the marking of animate direct objects, because it was noticed in other written sentential contexts. In addition, the similarity between the two participant groups shows that variability with differential object marking is not limited to heritage speakers, but can also occur among US Spanish users educated abroad, where incomplete acquisition is not a question.
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Shevchenko, Eleonora A., and Andrej A. Lukashev. "On the Actual Basis for Establishing the Boundaries of Cultural Heritage in the form of Places of Interest. Part 1." Scientific journal “ACADEMIA. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION”, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2019-1-62-69.
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Disputes around such a type of cultural heritage object as "Places of Interest" have not ceased since the adoption, in 2002, of Federal Law No. 73-FZ "On objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation", which introduced it this new kind of cultural heritage object. The main problem lies in a deep misunderstanding of the meaning, the essence, the importance for the preservation of the historical environment of the populated areas, as the actual genome of the city of this unique Object of cultural heritage.
The purpose of this article is to reveal the deep essence of one of the types of cultural heritage object, often identified with such a category of "Objects" heritage as a historical settlement and, often, equated with such kind of cultural heritage object as "Monument". The importance of defining it as an integral object of real estate with the most complex composition and structure is explained by the need to take urgent measures to preserve the authenticity and uniqueness of the populated areas and territories involved in the strategic development of Russia.
The interdepartmental nature of Landmarks is proved, which determines its interdisciplinary peculiarities of determining the boundaries of a given object, which are at the same time the boundaries of its territory. Considered all listed in the law of varieties of Sightseeing Places.
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Гончар, Андрій Володимирович, Станіслав Олексійович Довгий, and Марина Андріївна Попова. "Онтологічний підхід до консолідації 3D-моделей об’єктів історико-культурної спадщини та ГІС." RADIOELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/reks.2021.1.07.
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The development of the information society, the rise of the knowledge economy, the implementation of the latest technologies in the IT industry have provided the opportunity for free mass access to the digitized heritage of world civilization using augmented and virtual reality in three-dimensional space. The leaders in modeling the three-dimensional geometry of real heritage conservation objects are 3D panorama and 3D GIS technologies, the combination of whose capabilities has not yet become widespread. The paper subject is the processes of consolidation of ontological 3D models of heritage conservation objects and geoinformation systems for the formation of virtual excursion routes, which will provide new opportunities in the study of the world cultural, historical, scientific digital documentary heritage by integrating transdisciplinary distributed information resources describing the selected object into a piece of unified information and research space. The paper purpose is to increase the efficiency of user interaction with distributed information resources and museum knowledge systems by creating models and developing a method and on their based on – information technology for the formation of transdisciplinary virtual museum spaces, the implementation of ontological interaction in their environments with the integrated use of spatially distributed information based on integration with geoinformation systems through an ontological interface. Objectives: to analyze modern approaches and the most common software tools for 3D modeling of heritage conservation objects; to develop an infological model of an ontological excursion route; formalize the process of dynamic redistribution of heritage conservation objects during the excursion; to develop an algorithm for consolidating 3D models of heritage conservation objects and GIS for the formation of an excursion route. To achieve this goal, a set of methods was used: to develop operational ontological models of heritage conservation objects – system analysis, set theory, graph theory, to formalize knowledge representation – algebraic-logical and obvious methods; for software implementation of information technology – design patterns and object-oriented analysis. The following results were obtained: analysis of software solutions for three-dimensional representation and analysis of data in GIS made it possible to determine that most of them are intended only for geometry visualization and do not have information management tools; it is shown that the most suitable for practical implementation in terms of including time, labor and financial resources is GIS with integrated 3D panoramas of heritage conservation objects; it was determined that the ontological approach to the consolidation of multi-format data, created according to various standards and technologies, provides a solution to the problems of heterogeneity and interoperability of transdisciplinary distributed information resources that describe heritage conservation objects, is the most appropriate and effective; an algorithm for the consolidation of 3D models of heritage conservation objects and GIS for the formation of an excursion route is presented; an ontological model of an excursion route is presented, the taxonomy of which is implemented in the form of a graph. Conclusions. The conceptual and system-technical foundations of the transdisciplinary representation of models of heritage conservation objects with the integrated use of distributed information, in particular geographic information, including the format of ontological interaction in the form of an excursion in the GIS environment, have been developed.
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Lebzak, Anastasiya O., and Svetlana S. Yankelevich. "CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAPPING OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 26, no. 6 (2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2021-26-6-78-85.
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The article examines the current trends of the development of mapping of cultural heritage objects. The purpose of the study is to identify these trends in the development of mapping of cultural heritage objects. The analysis of modern domestic and foreign approaches in the field of mapping cultural her-itage objects is given, on the basis of which modern requirements for the functionality and content of the cartographic web service of cultural heritage are determined. The main problems that arise when mapping cultural heritage objects are identified, and options for their solutions are proposed. The con-clusion about the latest trends in the field of mapping cultural heritage objects, such as the use of crowdsourcing platforms for collecting information about cultural heritage objects; the creation of in-teractive cartographic web services of cultural heritage objects placed in free access on the Internet; the addition of attribute information about objects with multimedia materials; the introduction of virtu-al and augmented reality capabilities is made.
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Goranskaja, T. G., and A. O. Nichiporovich. "Contemporary approaches to determining the value of architectural heritage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series 68, no. 4 (October 29, 2023): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/2524-2369-2023-68-4-323-332.
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The article discusses the concepts of “heritage” and “value”, identifies approaches to determining the value of architectural heritage objects, and provides recommendations for its definition. The traditional interpretation of the concept of “heritage” is undergoing changes in modern times, and therefore, its value becomes the fundamental basis for its protection and preservation. Modern researchers distinguish groups of values (tangible and intangible), which are based on the interpretation of architectural heritage as part of the past and related to its modern existence in the context of a certain place, time and community. Thus, the determination of the value of an architectural heritage object should be based primarily on the study of its historical and architectural and artistic features (as an element of the past) and its current state in the context of sustainable development. Currently, there are two approaches to determining the value of architectural heritage objects: a formalized, based on a point system, and an approach linking value values with their material carriers, which allows taking into account the individual characteristics of each monument. The general standard for determining the value of architectural heritage objects has not yet been developed.
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CHETVERIKOV, B., O. KHINTSITSKY, and I. KALYNYCH. "Methodology of mapping of historical and cultural heritage objects by GIS technologies using archival cartographic and aerial materials." Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 41, no. I (April 1, 2021): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-1-41-97-103.
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Aim. The purpose of the work is to process archival cartographic materials and remote sensing data for the interpretation of objects of historical and cultural heritage (OHCH) of Cherkasy, including those that have not been preserved. Method. One of the possible technological schemes for research is offered. According to her, the first step was to analyze the input data of the study, among which were: a map of Cherkasy in 1895 at a scale of 1:42000; German aerial image of 1944; a fragment of a space image of Cherkasy obtained from the GeoEye-1 satellite in 2018. Geometric correction of the input materials was performed in the Mercator projection and the WGS84 coordinate system, in which the transformed image was obtained. The next step was to vectorize the objects of historical and cultural heritage of Cherkasy, according to the list obtained on the city’s website. There are two types of objects: point and polygonal. When vectorizing polygonal objects, the historical boundaries were specified with the help of archival maps and aerial images. Special symbols have been developed for each of the types of historical and cultural heritage sites, according to the proposed classification. In addition, an attributive database of these objects was created, which had the following structure: number of the passport of object, the name of the object, the address of the OHCH, the number of the decision to take under protection, information about the OHCH. Also, the obtained vector data was exported to the exchange format with the extension kmz and an online version of the thematic map was created on the basis of the free GISFile resource. Results. As a result of the conducted researches, the thematic GIS of the objects of historical and cultural heritage of Cherkasy was created, which are plotted on the space image of high spatial resolution, obtained in 2018. An on-line version of the GIS of Cherkasy historical and cultural heritage sites has been created on the basis of the free GISFile cartographic service, with the possibility of analyzing the location of these objects and building optimal tourist routes. Scientific novelty. Possible algorithms for creating offline and on-line versions of thematic GIS are proposed. Practical value. The obtained results of mapping the objects of historical and cultural heritage of Cherkasy can be used by the structures of protection of objects of historical and cultural heritage of Cherkasy at the Ministry of Culture.
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Wiescher, Michael, and Khachatur Manukyan. "Scientific Analysis of Cultural Heritage Objects." Synthesis Lectures on Engineering, Science, and Technology 2, no. 6 (August 31, 2020): 1–246. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s01030ed1v01y202007est012.
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Pratikakis, Ioannis, Michalis A. Savelonas, Pavlos Mavridis, Georgios Papaioannou, Konstantinos Sfikas, Fotis Arnaoutoglou, and Dirk Rieke-Zapp. "Predictive digitisation of cultural heritage objects." Multimedia Tools and Applications 77, no. 10 (June 30, 2017): 12991–3021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4928-y.
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Huysecom, Eric, Irka Hajdas, Marc-André Renold, Hans-Arno Synal, and Anne Mayor. "The “Enhancement” of Cultural Heritage by AMS Dating: Ethical Questions and Practical Proposals." Radiocarbon 59, no. 2 (September 15, 2016): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2016.79.
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AbstractThe looting of archaeological and ethnographic objects from emerging countries and areas of conflict has prospered due to the high prices that these objects can achieve on the art market. This commercial value now almost necessarily requires proof of authenticity by the object’s age. To do so, absolute dating has been conducted since the end of the 1970s on terra cotta art objects using the thermoluminescence method, a practice that has since been condemned. It is only more recently, since the 2000s, that art dealers and collectors have begun to use the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method to date different kinds of objects made of organic materials. Compared to conventional radiocarbon dating, the AMS technique requires only very small samples, thus depreciating neither the aesthetics nor commercial value of the object. As a result, the use of absolute dating has become widespread, accompanying the increase in looting of the cultural heritage of countries destabilized by political overthrows and armed conflicts, especially in the Near East and Africa. The present article condemns the practice of AMS dating of looted art objects and encourages the creation of a code of deontology for 14C dating laboratories in order to enhance an ethical approach in this sensitive field facing the current challenges.
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Wardani, Nindya Ayu, Baba Barus, and Siti Nurisyah. "Analisis Eksistensi Benda Cagar Budaya Dalam Tata Ruang Kota Guna Mendukung Pelestariannya di Kota Surakarta." TATALOKA 22, no. 2 (May 29, 2020): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.2.146-161.
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The City of Surakarta, one of National Activity Center and also known as Eco Cultural City, has 171 cultural heritage objects have to be preserved. City development that leads to modernization, physically, is a threat to the existence of those cultural heritage objects.To minimize lost of these valuable objects, risk management method, which is based on the interaction between their vulnerability and hazard, could be carried out. This study was aimed to identify and categorize cultural heritage objects at the city, to analyze the risk of losing of cultural heritage objects, and to recommend future city spatial planning in relation to cultural heritage objects. This research was conducted through visual classification techniques on high resolution satellite imagery, Weighted Overlay, Overlay Analysis and Descriptive Analysis. Surakarta City's cultural heritage objects mostly have 100-200 years old which is dominated by traditional Javanese architectural styles. Cultural heritage objects are not fully in good condition, as many as 35 units were partially damaged, 9 units suffered total damage, and 5 units have experienced modernization. A total of 33 cultural heritage objects covered an area of 886,556 square meters (46.09%) are at a high risk of losing their existence. To protect the existence of cultural heritage, the result research should to considered of the city developtment program.
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Stengs, Irene. "Gepopulariseerde cultuur, ritueel en het maken van erfgoed." Sociologie 15, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 175–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/soc2019.2.003.sten.
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Abstract The global interest in the search for and rescue of the Thai youth football team ‘the Wild Boars’, or the nationwide interest in the non-stop fundraising swimming-tour of Dutch swimmer Maarten van der Weijden, are examples of what in this lecture is called high density events: intense, often emotional occurrences, of an almost entertainment-like character, followed continuously by many. High density events shape and articulate ideas about who belong or do not belong to the (national) community. During such events, cultural forms, objects and practices are popularized, transferred and exchanged at a high pace, processes in which virtually anybody may become involved. Taking high-density events as object of research implies a focus on the making of heritage. In the repetitious, ritualized contexts of such events, certain cultural forms, practices and objects may become magnified and sacralised, to become heritage. Although any object or practice may be made heritage, the analysis should situate this making in its societal context, asking such questions as who were involved in the selection process, and why certain practices or objects are self-evidently attributed a heritage status and others not. With cultural identity becoming an ever more explicitly political issue, research into the making of heritage is the more urgent.
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Zhang, Rui, and Chang Zhang. "Classification and Application of Digital Technologies in Landscape Heritage Protection." Land 11, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 1699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101699.
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The application of digital technology in the field of landscape architecture heritage protection is becoming more and more mature and complex. How to select and apply technology for the corresponding landscape architecture heritage objects has become a common problem in the direction of landscape architecture heritage protection. Taking the literature on “landscape architecture heritage protection” published in CNKI and the Web of Science Database in the last 10 years (2012–2021) as the research object, we clarify the objects of landscape architecture heritage protection and their digital technology and summarize three types of digital technologies in the field of landscape architecture heritage protection: collection and acquisition technology, storage and management technology, and dissemination and sharing technology. Secondly, the main application objects and digital methods of each technology are described by classification. Thirdly, the main application methods in the field of landscape architecture heritage protection are summarized, e.g., repair recovery and risk monitoring. Accordingly, the digital development process of landscape architecture heritage protection in recent years is discussed, and there are three main stages, data precision, information systematization, and smart management. Future studies should pay more attention to the co-building and sharing of heritage information and to the common protection of heritage entities and cultural emotions. Discussion on the classification and application of digital technology based on landscape architecture heritage protection will help to present a clear context for the research and practice of digital technology in the field of landscape architecture heritage protection and contribute to implementing the protection and management of landscape architecture heritage more pertinently and efficiently.
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Mari, Meropi, and George Filippidis. "Non-Linear Microscopy: A Well-Established Technique for Biological Applications towards Serving as a Diagnostic Tool for in situ Cultural Heritage Studies." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 14, 2020): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041409.
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A range of sophisticated imaging techniques have been developed in recent years that can reveal the surface structure of cultural heritage objects with varying precision. In combination with various spectroscopic methods, they allow the study of the chemical composition of the object; thus, conclusions can be drawn about the origin of the object or its initial components, method, or time of creation, authenticity, mechanisms of degradation, and ways of further conservation. At present, different techniques can be applied to a wide range of cultural heritage objects, such as varnishes, paintings, archaeological objects, binding media, paper-based documents, parchments, marbles, frescoes, as well as various objects made of leather, fabric, stone, ceramics and glass, wood, or metal. One of the main needs in the study of cultural heritage (CH) is the transportability/portability of the research equipment, since many pieces under investigation cannot be moved to the laboratory, either because of their size, inseparability (for example, frescoes on walls, mural paintings in caves), or the threat of damage. In this work, we briefly overview the main optical- and laser-based methods used for the study of cultural heritage objects indicating the scope of their application, and we focus on the applications of non-linear microscopic methods for the investigation of a series of artifacts. We also discuss all the requirements for the construction of a prototype transportable non-linear optical system that will be used as a novel diagnostic tool for in situ studies of CH assets. The availability of such a transportable workstation will significantly improve the study and characterization of various types of CH objects and will constitute an extremely useful diagnostic tool for heritage scientists dealing with a variety of investigations.
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Losiyevsky, I. Ya. "Appraisal of documentary heritage objects value in scientific library, archives, museum: topical problems of theory and practice." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 4 (June 28, 2021): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2021-4-93-116.
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The article is devoted to the topical problems of theory and practice of appraisal of documentary heritage objects value in scientific libraries, archives, museums taking into consideration functional and stock specifics of these institutions. Its goals and tasks, principles and axiological criteria are described. It is shown that the main goal of such appraisal is determining the place of documentary heritage objects as the objects of the appraisal in the system of cultural values of modern society, establishing the belonging of these objects to cultural heritage objects of world, national, regional, local significance. Appraisal of documentary heritage objects is analyzed as one of important areas of scientific and administrative activities which to a large extent ensures the functioning, improvement of information potential and accordingly the image of the library, archives, museum. The Ukrainian experience of the recent decades is highlighted in many aspects, namely: regulation, organization and appraising documentary heritage objects at the state, interdepartmental and departmental levels, at the level of the profile institution fund-holder. The features of the appraisal, the objects of which are archival heritage objects and book heritage objects, are revealed. It is emphasized that the appraisal of value of the existing funds and collections of documentary heritage objects is the basis for the development and implementation of modern individual concepts and integrative projects for libraries, archives and museums, which provides for the coexistence and interrelation of material expositions and various forms of virtual information.
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Yasinskyi, Maksym, Rostyslav Hnidets, Iryna Pohranychna, and Illia Lytwynchuk. "SURVEYING AND DIGITIZATION OF THE ST. NIKOLAI CHURCH IN LVIV." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 2024, no. 1 (May 17, 2024): 202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2024.01.202.
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Preservation of cultural heritage is an important aspect of the activities of every country, and modern technologies play an important role here. In this research paper, we will consider the synthesis of traditional and modern methods of researching architectural and historical objects on the example of the oldest sacred sites in Lviv. The digitization of cultural heritage sites is a technological and modern approach to documenting objects. However, fixing the current state of an object alone does not give a complete picture of the object of study. Therefore, the study of historical materials should be combined with the process of digitizing them, which will provide more complete information about the object of study. The article discusses the methods of photogrammetry and laser scanning of buildings and their combination. The advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches and the possibility of combining them to achieve the best result are identified. The options for popularizing digitized cultural heritage objects in the form of 3D models and their distribution on the Internet or 3D printing of souvenir models are also considered.
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CHETVERIKOV, B., and V. HLOTOV. "Application of remote methods for the investigation of historical and cultural heritage objects." Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 1, no. 47 (April 1, 2024): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-1-47-140-148.
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Objective. The aim of the study is to propose combinations of remote research methods for objects of historical and cultural heritage in conjunction with non-invasive ground-based investigations. The study includes testing the proposed methods on various plane objects of historical and cultural heritage. Methodology. To achieve the set goal, a list of remote and non-invasive ground-based methods for comprehensive investigation of historical and cultural heritage objects was proposed. Remote methods include: satellite optical-electronic imaging, satellite radar imaging, aerial imaging (from manned aircraft and UAVs), laser scanning (terrestrial and aerial LiDAR imaging). Non-invasive ground-based research methods encompass: ground-penetrating radar imaging, ground electromagnetic tomography, ground metal detection studies. Additionally, a cartometric method was proposed as a supplementary technique. Results. The research presents graphical materials and plans resulting from investigations on fraternal burials in Brukhovychi near Lviv, fraternal burials in Nityshyn village, results of the Lviv Citadel and concentration camps research. Various types of plane historical and cultural heritage objects such as fraternal graves, defensive structure ensembles, concentration camps were chosen for the research to demonstrate how comprehensive investigations of different combinations of remote and non-invasive ground-based methods work on different objects. From the proposed general list of methods, the following were used in the research and their combinations: satellite optical-electronic imaging, satellite radar imaging, aerial imaging from manned aircraft (archival), ground-penetrating radar imaging, cartometric method. Practical Value. The application of remote methods for researching historical and cultural heritage objects has numerous practical advantages. Remote and non-invasive methods allow gathering data about objects without direct physical impact on them, crucial for objects requiring careful conservation. These methods facilitate creating virtual tours and archives, making cultural heritage information accessible to a wider audience regardless of their location. Some objects may be in remote or restricted areas; using drones, satellite imagery, and other methods allows investigating them safely and effectively. Analyzing changes in object appearance over time, identifying potential threats to them, aids in taking measures for their preservation and restoration.
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Immonen, Visa. "Urbaani kulttuuriperintö ja fragmentaatioteoria: Esimerkkinä Turun kaupunkiarkeologia." Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae 2023, no. 2 (December 18, 2023): 62–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.57048/aasf.141969.
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Despite the shift from a monument- or object-centred to a landscape-centred approach in the protection and management of urban cultural heritage, the analysis of cultural heritage as individual objects is still relevant. Theories on material culture do not see objects in the way they were conceived in monument-centred conservation. A case in point is fragmentation theory. The article uses this theory to analyse the relationship between archaeology and the urban landscape in Turku. Although fragmentation theory has its roots in prehistoric archaeology, the article adapts it to the modern, urban setting. Archaeological fragments have a physical connection with the past, but they can also act as agents independent of their original objects. This creative potential of fragments should be further explored in urban heritage management.
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Smuts, K. "SAHRIS: using the South African Heritage Register to report, track and monitor heritage crime." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 13, 2015): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-395-2015.
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South Africa has experienced a recent increase in thefts of heritage objects from museums and galleries around the country. While the exact number of incidences is not known, the increase in thefts is nonetheless apparent, and has revealed the weaknesses of the systems currently in place to respond to these crimes. The South African Heritage Resources Information System (SAHRIS) is an integrated, online heritage resources management tool developed by the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) in 2011 in terms of Section 39 of the National Heritage Resources Act (NHRA), No. 25 of 1999. The system’s combined heritage resources and site and object management functionality has been expanded to provide an integrated, responsive tool for reporting heritage crimes and tracking the progress of the resultant cases. This paper reviews existing legislative frameworks and crime reporting and monitoring systems relevant to fighting heritage crime, and identifies current gaps in those responses. SAHRIS is presented as an innovative tool to combat heritage crime effectively in the South African context by offering a centralised, consolidated platform that provides the various stakeholders involved in reporting heritage crimes and locating and retrieving stolen objects with a means to coordinate their responses to such instances.
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Ilies, Dorina Camelia, Elena Demenchuk, Jan Wendt, Yulia Koroleva, Alexandru Ilies, Aleksandr Goikhman, Elena Maznitsyna, Tudor Caciora, Grigore Herman, and Maria Bilcec. "SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF HERITAGE OBJECTS FOR THE DIGITIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 19, no. 6 (2020): 1057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2020.100.
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Mikhailov, Aleksei. "Urban planning objects of protection as a component of the system of protection of the world heritage object." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 04020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016404020.
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The paper is devoted to research of scientific and methodological approaches to the definition of urban planning objects of protection. Attention is paid to individual objects of cultural heritage and the totality of such objects united in ensembles, as well as a significant area and complexity of the world cultural heritage site “Historical center of Saint-Petersburg and related groups of monuments”. Typical examples are considered: Kirov Department Store and factory-kitchen, G. F. Voldt’s Summer house, Estate of E. I. Lopukhina (Levashovy’s, Vyazemski’s) “Aspen Grove”.
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Gaidar, Volodymyr. "TYPOLOGY OF METHODS OF MARKING ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING HERITAGE." Architectural Bulletin of KNUCA, no. 29 (May 16, 2024): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2519-8661.2024.29.40-51.
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The article deals with the problem of presenting objects of architectural and urban planning heritage in the modern environment. Most of such objects are unknown to society, not researched, their state of preservation is critical or they are only partially preserved, but at the same time, the value and uniqueness of such objects are the property of the entire nation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out measures to preserve and protect valuable historical architectural and town-planning complexes, as well as to identify them with the help of a set of measures developed individually for each object. The article develops a typology of methods of identification of architectural and urban planning heritage. Among the options for identification methods: planar and three-dimensional tracings, information signs-symbols, exposure of ground and underground fragments of the object, model three-dimensional compositions, interactive and multimedia infoboxes, information and navigation systems, 3D reconstructions of lost objects, etc. In the process of finding and developing options for identification of Ukrainian heritage, options for identification of partially and completely lost valuable historical ensembles and complexes in the world were researched and analyzed.
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Lengauer, Stefan, Lin Shao, Magdalena Mayerhofer, Reinhold Preiner, Stephan Karl, Elisabeth Trinkl, Ivan Sipiran, Benjamin Bustos, and Tobias Schreck. "Visual Exploration of Repetitive Patterns on Ancient Peruvian Pottery." Journal of WSCG 31, no. 1-2 (July 2023): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/jwscg.2023.3.
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The analysis and understanding of artefact properties and their relationships is a key goal in archaeological analysis of cultural heritage objects. There are many aspects of concern, including shape properties of the objects, but also appearance properties stemming from paintings and ornamentations on the object surfaces. To date, these are considered by experts mostly holistically and on a per-object basis. We present an approach for the interactive visual exploration and correlation of shape- and ornament-based properties of a large collection of ancient vessels. Our approach allows to group objects by properties, and to relate them in side-by-side and bipartite graph displays. To this end, we define an encompassing set of feature descriptors, which are leveraged to cluster the objects by properties, selected by the user. Case studies show that a comparative overview of all objects effectively supports the discovery of interesting co-occurrences of shape and ornament properties. This way, our tool opens new possibilities for the domain analysis of cultural heritage object collections by data-driven visual exploration.
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Konsa, Kurmo. "Kuidas tekib pärand? Pärandiloome protsess kultuuri- ja looduspärandi näitel [Abstract: How is heritage generated? The heritage creation process as demonstrated by cultural and natural heritage]." Ajalooline Ajakiri. The Estonian Historical Journal, no. 4 (March 20, 2018): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/aa.2017.4.04.
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One of the most important materials available to us for building the future is the past. The future not only draws on the past, it is literally built out of the past. All this directly affects heritage as well – heritage is a technique that has to be used as effectively as possible for solving the local and global problems of contemporary and future societies.
In this article, I describe the theoretical background of the heritage creation process and present two analytical tools that help to cast light on heritage identification processes. The first analytical possibility is to consider heritage creation processes based on different levels of society. Individual and community levels will be considered, along with local governments and the state, and finally all of mankind as well. Secondly, I differentiate object-centred, value-centred and human-centred approaches in creating heritage according to which aspects of heritage are at the centre of the process. I use the process of creating natural and cultural heritage as examples primarily in the Estonian context.
The management of nature conservation and cultural heritage are two very significant fields of activity where the world is discursively divided into certain definite parts and managed according to this division. The views of both courses of action concerning heritage are rather different due to different professional backgrounds. The basis for heritage management is the clear definition of the values of heritage. All objects and phenomena are not equally valuable and it is impossible to manage them all. The fact that people ascribe heritage values to both natural and cultural objects does not mean that heritage is an arbitrarily constructed phenomenon that we can treat however we like.
Alongside values, the next important aspect in managing heritage that has to be taken into consideration is the materiality of heritage. Heritage of any description always exists in material form. This is obvious in the case of natural objects and material cultural heritage, but intellectual and spiritual cultural heritage also implies at least the existence of people. The materiality of heritage means that heritage is always associated with other material objects, forming actor networks, to use Bruno Latour’s terminology from his so-called actor-network theory. Just as living beings are engaged in ecological systems, maintaining their own self-existence even without mankind, so are buildings, for instance, similarly connected to both human and natural actors.
The preservation of natural or cultural heritage will not succeed without the active enterprise of man. Thereat, the central idea is not solely the preservation of physical material or the gene pool from the past, but also the management of changes. Managing changes means that it is impossible for us to preserve objects, phenomena and nature in such a way that it would be isolated from the physical and social environment. Yet since the environment is constantly changing, the adaptation of heritage management to those changes is necessary. Taking changes into consideration requires recognition of the historicity of heritage, and this also applies to natural objects and environments.
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Mount, Charles. "The Irish Heritage Council." Antiquity 76, no. 292 (June 2002): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00090591.
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IntroductionThe Heritage Act 1995 established An Chomhairle Oidhreachta, the Irish Heritage Council, as a statutory body with responsibility to propose policies and priorities for the identification, protection, preservation and enhancement of the Irish national heritage. The Heritage Act defines heritage as including both cultural and natural heritage and specifically refers to: monuments, archaeological objects, heritage objects, architectural heritage, flora, fauna, wildlife habitats, landscapes, seascapes, wrecks, geology, heritage gardens and parks and inland waterways.
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Lebzak, A. O. "Development of methodological aspects of mapping of geospatial knowledge about cultural heritage objects for spatial development of territories." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 27, no. 3 (2022): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2022-27-3-107-122.
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Currently, mapping geospatial knowledge on maps is a poorly developed and very promising area of cartographic science. To date, there are no methods of mapping objects of cultural heritage that allow displaying not only information, but also geospatial knowledge about them. The article deals with the problem of mapping geospatial knowledge about cultural heritage objects for the spatial development of territories. The purpose of the study is formulated, the analysis of existing methods for assessing the historical and cultural value of cultural heritage objects is given. The process of obtaining geospa-tial knowledge about cultural heritage objects has been developed and formalized. The structure and content of the base of geospatial knowledge of cultural heritage objects for the spatial development of territories are developed, the principles of displaying geospatial knowledge about cultural heritage ob-jects on cartographic works are formulated. The proposed methodological foundations were tested by developing a prototype of the cartographic web service "Cultural Heritage of the Novosibirsk region".
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Osadchai, Iana V., Matvei V. Saveliev, and Natalya A. Unagaeva. "Peculiarities of Karl Marx street formation in the historic center of Krasnoyarsk city." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 46 (2022): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/46/18.
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The authors of the article address the problem of organization of Karl Marx Street in the historic center of Krasnoyarsk as an open public space, located in the cultural heritage objects influence zone. The focus of this article is on the historic part of the street. The relevance of the study is due to several factors. Firstly, Karl Marx Street is a connecting communication axis, uniting territories of such significant and large public spaces as: Red Square, Central Park, Historical Quarter, Revolution Square, Peace Square and part of the central embankment. In this regard, the street is considered as a linear recreation, adjoined by the largest open recreational areas of the historic center of Krasnoyarsk which also form its view. Secondly, Karl Marx Street houses objects of cultural heritage. There is a clear need for further development and improvement of Karl Marx Street as a connecting pedestrian axis between historically significant spaces and objects of cultural heritage. The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of Karl Marx Street formation in the historic center of Krasnoyarsk and develop recommendations for making additions to the regulation of special use zones related to cultural heritage protection. In the course of the study the following results were achieved. 1) Three largest conventional culturally-significant open public spaces adjacent to Karl Marx Street with were identified by analyzing the interactive map of Krasnoyarsk called “Special Use Zones related to the protection of cultural heritage objects”. 2) The current condition of the street was assessed on the basis of analysis of photofixation. 3) Historical documents containing information on lost objects of cultural heritage and the stages of formation of Karl Marx Street were analyzed. 4) The following documents on the regulation of Special Use zones related to the protection of objects of cultural heritage were analyzed: “Government Decree of the Krasnoyarsk Region № 569-p dated 15.11.2016”. “On the Approval of the Boundaries of Protection Zones of Cultural Heritage Objects of Federal, Regional and Local (Municipal) Importance, Located in Krasnoyarsk, Special Regimes of Land Use and Requirements for Urban Planning Regulations Within the Boundaries of These Protection Zones”; Order of the Krasnoyarsk Region State Protection of Cultural Heritage Objects № 487 from 05.10.2020 “On the Approval of Boundaries and Regime of Use of the Cultural Heritage Object Territory”; Order of the Krasnoyarsk Region Ministry of Culture № 314 dated 01.07.2013. The influence of these documents extends within the boundaries of the three conditionally designated locations and along Karl Marx Street in the historic center. The recommendations on the formation and improvement of Karl Marx Street proposed by the authors can be considered the main result of the study. On the basis of these recommendations the authors propose to make additions to the regulation of areas with special use related to the protection of cultural heritage.
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Sitnik, Robert, Maciej Karaszewski, Wojciech Załuski, and Eryk Bunsch. "3DMADMAC|AUTOMATED: synergistic hardware and software solution for automated 3D digitization of cultural heritage objects." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (December 21, 2011): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.40.
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In this article a fully automated 3D shape measurement system and data processing algorithms are presented. Main purpose of this system is to automatically (without any user intervention) and rapidly (at least ten times faster than manual measurement) digitize whole object’s surface with some limitations to its properties: maximum measurement volume is described as a cylinder with 2,8m height and 0,6m radius, maximum object's weight is 2 tons. Measurement head is automatically calibrated by the system for chosen working volume (from 120mm x 80mm x 60mm and ends up to 1,2m x 0,8m x 0,6m). Positioning of measurement head in relation to measured object is realized by computer-controlled manipulator. The system is equipped with two independent collision detection modules to prevent damaging measured object with moving sensor’s head. Measurement process is divided into three steps. First step is used for locating any part of object’s surface in assumed measurement volume. Second step is related to calculation of "next best view" position of measurement head on the base of existing 3D scans. Finally small holes in measured 3D surface are detected and measured. All 3D data processing (filtering, ICP based fitting and final views integration) is performed automatically. Final 3D model is created on the base of user specified parameters like accuracy of surface representation and/or density of surface sampling. In the last section of the paper, exemplary measurement result of two objects: biscuit (from the collection of Museum Palace at Wilanów) and Roman votive altar (Lower Moesia, II-III AD) are presented.
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Tsvetkova, Yu, and M. Perkova. "PRINCIPLES OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF TERRITORIES OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE OF SUGAR FACTORIES MIDDLE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 8, no. 9 (August 15, 2023): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-9-83-92.
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Industrial heritage objects reflect the history of the nation, the peculiarities of its thinking, and also have great potential in the context of the sustainable development of small towns and villages in which they are located. Sugar factories of the Central Black Earth region are historically city-forming enterprises. However, at the moment, industrial territories that do not perform a city-forming function, on the one hand, and an acquired socio-cultural function as a significant cultural heritage, on the other hand, have degraded and are partially in a ruined state. The study considers the factors affecting the investment attractiveness of industrial heritage objects of sugar factories: restrictions on the creation of a new function, location in small towns and rural settlements, low transport accessibility, the problem of property rights, the unsatisfactory state of the territory and objects of industrial heritage, imperfection of the legislative base in the field of cultural heritage preservation, lack of tourist and recreational attractiveness. The features in the legal documentation that negatively affect the investment attractiveness of the object of cultural heritage are revealed. The principles of investment attractiveness based on the resolution of urban conflicts are proposed, which are recommended when adapting the industrial heritage of sugar factories of XIX – early XX centuries It is assumed that the application of the developed principles for the territories of the industrial heritage of sugar factories will increase their level of attractiveness for the investor (public/private).
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Kozłowski, Ryszard, Kajetan Pyrzyński, Agnieszka Michalska, Małgorzata Muzyczek, Krzysztof Sałaciński, and Jacek Rulewicz. "Wooden heritage buildings and preventing them against fire." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 4 (December 8, 2015): 079–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1538.
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The protection of wooden heritage buildings against fire, biodeterioration, robbery and vandalism is one of the most important tasks in the field of cultural property preservation. In Poland and other European countries, the most popular wood-made objects are historical wooden churches (Catholic and Orthodox ones), rural huts, cottages, sheds, barns and wooden wind mills which are like open air museums. Wood is the most common raw material that was used for the construction of these objects since ancient times. Generally these wooden objects are wholly combustible, they are mostly located beyond towns and difficult to guard and exposed to risk of setting on fire. Not everywhere there is a sufficient supply of water from water tanks and fire hydrant network. Moreover, there is a lack of good access ways for fire brigade vehicles and no fire detecting systems were installed in many of these objects. Unfortunately, fire retardant application is insufficient or totally absent in these heritage buildings. This manuscript presents general possibilities of the application of modern technology of fire retardancy systems intended for the protection the heritage objects against fire disaster. None or only minimal influence on an ancient object wood is the advantage of the above systems. The fire safety strategy for wooden buildings and historical sites requires an agreement and compromise between the point of view of art. Historians and conservators and that of fire-fighting experts.
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Bangstad, Torgeir. "Toxic Heritage." Journal of Contemporary Archaeology 9, no. 1 (September 20, 2022): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jca.21609.
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In the course of modern museum history, a variety of toxic chemicals have been used to prevent the deterioration of collected objects. The residues of pesticides and preservatives now persist together with the objects they were intended to protect. These chemical conservation technologies are intimately bound up with the unpredictable material agencies that are characteristic of the legacy of Anthropocene residues on a planetary scale. However, chemicals also form part of local, domestic, everyday worlds where they were used to maintain order, prevent loss and ensure material coherence. In this article I investigate Norwegian open-air museums as sites where new chemical products with pesticidal and protective properties were domesticated and placed on trial in the battle against “museum pests” and the decay of wooden buildings. By exploring carbon-based chemicals derived from the waste products of coke production, I reflect on the material convergence of waste and heritage in preserved buildings and how in the early and mid-twentieth century museum conservation came to rely on these unpredictable and highly persistent chemical agents.
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Petrov, S. T. "Developing a valuation method for digital objects of cartographic heritage." Geodesy and Cartography 960, no. 6 (July 20, 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2020-960-6-29-34.
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The paper deals with the method of value assessment for objects of digital cartographic heritage. The method is based on the system of the original cartographic object transformation into various analog or digital forms and formats. The formula linking the assessment of digital cartographic objects with the evaluation of the original one, as well as its analog copies, is presented. The method involves а variety of evaluation criteria
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Akristiniy, Vera A. "The monitoring of technical condition of cultural heritage objects." E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 05020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199105020.
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The article deals with the conservation of cultural heritage objects due to their potential widespread deterioration. The suggestion to solve this problem is to create an integrated system for complex monitoring of cultural heritage objects technical condition. The stages of creating a realtime monitoring system with the choice of non-destructive testing methods, the necessary instruments, and tools, the result of which is the formation of a decision-making mechanism for a particular object, are proposed. Conducting monitoring by means of modeling allows predicting the behavior of structures and the building as a whole, taking into account the implementation of restoration measures.
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Badenoch, Alexander. "Harmonized Spaces, Dissonant Objects, Inventing Europe? Mobilizing Digital Heritage." Culture Unbound 3, no. 3 (October 25, 2011): 295–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.113295.
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Technology, particularly digitization and the online availability of cultural heritage collections, provides new possibilities for creating new forms of ’European cultural heritage’. This essay analyzes the emerging sphere of European digital heritage as a project of technological harmonization. Drawing on Andrew Barry’s concepts of technological zones, it examines the various ways in which agency and European citizenship are being reconfigured around cultural heritage. It explores the “Europeanization” of digital heritage in three areas. In the first section, it analyzes the recent agenda for digital heritage of the European Union as a harmonizing project to create a smooth space of cultural heritage. In the next sections, the development of a harmonized virtual exhibit on the history of technology in Europe forms a case study to explore processes of harmonization at the level of the web platform, and in the aesthetics of digitized objects. It argues that rather than seeking to elide the points of unevenness and ’dissonance’ that emerge in harmonization processes, we should instead look for ways to embrace them as points of dialogue and discovery.
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Lushchyk, Mariya V. "Geographical systematization of UNESCO World Heritage Sites." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 31, no. 2 (August 4, 2022): 352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112233.
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The article presents the results of inventory checking of objects of natural and cultural heritage of mankind. Preservation of cultural heritage has been noted as an important task during any period in history. The article specifies what objects can be considered cultural or natural heritage of mankind. We describe what advantages the status of world heritage site give to the site itself and to the country as a whole. The existence of the UNESCO World Heritage List allows one to identify a number of unresolved issues regarding the protection and preservation of cultural heritage in the countries. Despite the fact that the UNESCO World Heritage List is the object of scientific attention of many authors, the data presented in their publications are outdated and therefore unable to provide current coverage of the geographical structure of the World Heritage, as it is quite dynamic and changing every year. We analyzed researches on the chosen subject by domestic and foreign authors, finding that the main array of scientific publications for the query “UNESCO World Heritage” offers studies of the effects of UNESCO sites on tourist flows or the tourist brand of the region or country. At the same time, there is a range of scientific publications criticizing the very existence of the UNESCO World Heritage List, as well as the current criteria for nomination and inclusion of sites in the UNESCO World Heritage, uneven distribution of sites between developing and developed countries – geopolitical axis “North – South” and the lack of effective protection and conservation mechanisms in the UNESCO and even in the UN, even for places already included in the List of Sites. At the same time, there is a lack of geographical research on the distribution of the UNESCO World Heritage sites and complete absence of research on the territorial organization of intangible cultural heritage sites. A historiographical analysis of UNESCO World Heritage sites has been carried out, and the dynamics of changes in the number of sites has been analyzed. The article presents structural-territorial analysis of the distribution of objects : we determined absolute and relative indicators of the number of objects by macroregions and types, analyzed the typological ratio of objects within the regions, and identified the leading and outsider countries of each region. A cartographic model of the distribution of objects by the planet is presented. The expediency of regular monitoring of the current state of recreational and tourist resources of world importance and analysis of the tendency of deterioration or improvement of the related situation regarding non-compliance with the norms of protection and preservation of cultural and natural monuments is substantiated. We also analyzed the territorial distribution of the “Under threat” list, which includes 53 objects from 33 countries. The article contains our ideas about the prescriptive rather than the recommendatory nature of the remarks of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, which could radically effect the elimination of all processes that threaten UNESCO sites. Territorial analysis of the distribution of intangible cultural heritage of mankind has been carried out.
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Beidyk, O., and B. Semenko. "NATIONAL AND WORLD HERITAGE AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 72 (2018): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2018.72.11.
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The article analyzes the hierarchy of fundamental world recreational and tourist resources. The qualitative-quantitative characteristics, the spatial distribution of UNESCO objects and the systematized data are presented. The structure of the UNESCO World Heritage sites is analyzed. Created schematic map of the structure and territorial distribution of UNESCO World Heritage sites in Ukraine. The advantages obtained by states when making their objects to the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites are established. It is indicated that it contributes to the organization of monitoring and control of the state of conservation of natural and cultural objects. It is emphasized that UNESCO objects fall into the tourist guides of the world, and hence to the proposed routes of travel agencies. The factors that determine the presence of UNESCO objects in the country were analyzed. The geographic distribution of UNESCO World Heritage sites in the world and Ukraine is analyzed. The geographical distribution of the objects “Seven Wonders of Ukraine”, which were selected during the all-Ukrainian contest, was highlighted. An analysis of UNESCO World Heritage sites in Ukraine was conducted, their preliminary list. The attention is focused on the fact that the entry into the national list of intangible heritage in Ukraine is a necessary step for the objects to obtain the status of the “intangible heritage of UNESCO. The objects, which are included in the national list of intangible heritage in Ukraine, are analyzed. The map “The most significant recreational and tourist resources of Ukraine” was developed. It is noted that four of the seven Ukrainian objects of the UNESCO World Heritage Site are entirely within the territory of Ukraine. The remaining 3 objects are partly in the territory of other states. It was indicated that during the time of cooperation with the Organization Ukraine initiated many international programs and projects. Seven Ukrainian cultural-architectural and natural objects are listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is noted that the large volume of quantitative and qualitative data obtained when selecting UNESCO objects contributes to the formation of informed cultural policies and the integration of culture in the development strategy, thereby contributing to the implementation of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. The analysis made it possible to establish that the largest number of UNESCO World Heritage sites is concentrated in the European macroregion, thus Ukrainian entities that are part of the UNESCO World Heritage have to withstand significant competition in attracting international tourist flows. It is stated that the Asian market has the world’s largest tourism industry, and the number of objects of the World Heritage is second only to Europe.