Academic literature on the topic 'Heritage compromises'
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Journal articles on the topic "Heritage compromises"
1
Lesh, James P. "From Modern to Postmodern Skyscraper Urbanism and the Rise of Historic Preservation in Sydney, Melbourne, and Perth, 1969-1988." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 1 (November 30, 2017): 126–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144217737063.
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From the late 1960s to the mid-1980s, the Australian city transitioned from modern to postmodern skyscraper urbanism. This article examines three Australian skyscrapers spanning this transition: the Mutual Life & Citizens Assurance Company (MLC) Centre in Sydney (1977), the Rialto Towers in Melbourne (1986), and the Bond Tower in Perth (1988). Despite a backlash against skyscrapers, in part brought about by heritage activists, these prominent and sizable towers were realized in historic environments. With the authorization of heritage regulators and consultants, tower builders made architectural and functional compromises for preservation, to the dissatisfaction of activists. Local and transnational forces coalesced to bring about this mode of skyscraper development, including improved construction technologies, the continued association of towers with boosterism, an intensification of economic processes, and advancements in participatory urbanism. These Australian developments exemplify the changing relationship between postmodern skyscrapers, heritage conservation, and urban planning and design.
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Fedorenko, Artur D. "USING BIM AND POINT CLOUD IN DIGITAL AND OTHER FORMS OF ANASTYLOSIS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-3-2-251-258.
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The relevance of the study lies in the absence of a theoretically developed approach to a concrete understanding of the need for a deeper analysis of the work performed in relation to buildings from the Unified State Register of Cultural Heritage (Historical and Cultural Monuments), the List of Unesco Architectural Heritage Sites and newly identified objects. In the last decade, interest in the architectural heritage in Europe and Russia has increased markedly, but the method of reflection remains reduced to the construction of visual images that mirror today's privileged norms of attitudes towards monuments, (for example, the exhibitions "RUIN LUST" in the British gallery Tate 2014 and "MODERNISM AS A RUIN. An Archeology of the Present” at the General Foundation, Vienna 2009), while theorization of modern approaches to global work with monuments is a rather rare phenomenon. [1] Lack of information in this area often entails irrational financial losses in attempts to preserve ruined objects that do not have a historically confirmed background, in the restoration of destroyed monuments by means of digital anastilosis and in rare adaptive and reconstruction works that go to great compromises.
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Yan, Chengjin, Yuan Cheng, Yue Zhang, Haomin Yu, Jizhong Huang, and Hongbin Yan. "Study on the Applicability of Deterioration Detection Techniques for Sandstone Heritage in Multi Environment using MLP-Attention Model." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4-2024 (October 21, 2024): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-2024-541-2024.
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Abstract. Stone cultural heritage, encompassing a broad spectrum of artifacts such as stone artworks, buildings, tools, and utensils, represents one of the most significant categories of cultural heritage. However, the conservation of these cultural heritage faces challenges from the process of deterioration. This degradation not only compromises the structural integrity of the heritage but also results in the loss of invaluable historical information. Thus, there emerges a critical demand for effective methods to detect and assess the condition of stone cultural heritage, enabling timely and precise conservation interventions. Here we obtained sandstone samples under different deteriorative environments through laboratory-simulated deterioration experiments and employed a variety of detection technologies to capture a series of changes in the deterioration detection parameters during the sandstone deterioration process. Subsequently, a deep learning model was established to correlate the detection parameters with the degree of stone deterioration. A SHAP analysis was then conducted to determine the contribution of various parameters to the degree of stone weathering under different experimental environments, providing recommendations for selecting appropriate detection technologies and indicators adapted to different deterioration environments. To further analyze the deterioration processes of the stone samples, XRD analysis was conducted to observe changes in mineral composition throughout the deterioration process. SEM images were utilized to examine the changes in micro-morphology and the internal pore structure associated with deterioration. This study provides a basis for the scientific design of deterioration detection schemes by selecting the most suitable testing technology for optimal deterioration assessment under specific environmental conditions.
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Saba, Manuel, Gabriel Elías Chanchí Golondrino, and Leydy Karina Torres-Gil. "A Critical Assessment of the Current State and Governance of the UNESCO Cultural Heritage Site in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia." Heritage 6, no. 7 (July 18, 2023): 5442–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6070287.
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The port, fortresses, and monuments of Cartagena were included in the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1984. Nevertheless, since 2017 they are threatened to be categorized as “in Danger” by UNESCO. This research analyzes two main critical aspects, governance and the current state of the site. This study applies an innovative interdisciplinary methodology that merges empirical and scientific approaches to evaluate the governance of Cartagena’s heritage (causes) and its impact on the current state of the tangible cultural heritage (effects). Methodologically, secondary information is used to study governance. The study aims to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the UNESCO site governance. Exemplary heritage management systems are studied to propose an adaptable management approach specifically for Cartagena. Over the past five years, qualitative data collected through field observations, along with a photographic report, have revealed significant issues stemming from insufficient heritage management. These problems have rarely been addressed in the existing literature. Furthermore, a quantitative approach was taken by analyzing hyperspectral images obtained from a previous study to identify vegetation and asbestos-cement roofs within the cultural heritage site. It takes a unique perspective by investigating the root causes rather than superficial issues. The study comprehensively analyzes various factors, including material degradation, vehicular traffic, environmental elements, urban structure, and architectural integrity, forming an interconnected framework with governance problems. This research offers a broader perspective that considers complex reality and goes beyond isolated problems and solutions. The study reveals that the ambiguity surrounding decision-making authority for heritage management, distributed between the Mayor’s Office and the Ministry of Culture, is a primary challenge. The lack of coordinated action significantly compromises the conservation and protection of the cultural heritage Site. Moreover, twelve current shortcomings of cultural heritage in Cartagena are identified through the authors’ five-year on-site regular visits, photographic reports, and observation. To address the prevailing concerns, a new line of command for cultural heritage management is proposed as the most effective means of tackling these challenges. Additionally, general recommendations are presented to mitigate the existing problems and prevent the classification of Cartagena’s heritage as “at risk” by UNESCO in the near future. Although, each problem identified would need a research project ad hoc to be fully addressed. This research provides a scientific perspective, drawing upon years of experience studying heritage and residing in the city, devoid of political influences or conflicts of interest.
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Safarian, Valery Vitalevich. "The origin and formation of socio-economic relations between Russia and Armenia." RUDN Journal of Public Administration 6, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8313-2019-6-3-243-250.
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This article, dedicated to the 190th anniversary of the accession of Western Armenia to the Russian Empire, is aimed at drawing attention to the monumentality of this historical event, characterized by the comprehensive development of Russian-Armenian relations. It focuses on such important aspects as the possibility of compromises in the process of allied associations for the benefit of further cooperation, the construction of joint socio-economic steps, the development of a common cultural heritage, defense, etc. An important part of the article is the consideration of the evolution of Russian-Armenian relations up to the beginning of the 21st century including the main milestones and events that influenced the relations under consideration are highlighted.
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Sripaoraya, Kanit. "The Kelantan Mak Yong: Dancing Towards a Compromise Between Culture and Religion." Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education 22, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v22i1.34913.
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Throughout the timeless centuries before the modern era, the people of the proud state of Kelantan enjoyed ‘Mak Yong,’ a traditional form of entertainment. The ‘Mak Yong’ performance brought the people together to view this folk dance-drama, largely because it was created by their ancestors and represented continuity and cultural heritage. This dance also served to heal illness, performed by mixed-gender entertainers. Significantly, this authentic performance was worldly inscribed in 2008 on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. However, due to the interpretation of the politicized religious aspect of Kelantan state government, this performance was reconstructed by eliminating the female components. The new form of male Mak Yong was created. This research aims to discuss the contemporary issue of Kelantan Mak Yong and to propose the safeguarding method that compromises between culture and religion by reflecting the lessons learned from three participation anthropological fieldworks as a Mak Yong practitioner, a traditional dance-drama researcher, and a traditional dance-drama lecturer from 2014 until the present day. This study applied multi-disciplinary approaches such as performing arts and dance studies, anthropology, and gender analysis to investigate and collect the data. The results found that, instead of eliminating the female components, Kelantan Mak Yong can be utilized as a means for cultivating gendered behaviour, inculcating the religious doctrine, transmitting the moral-coded, and enhancing self-empowerment for Kelantan society by incorporating the guideline of the state arts policy (Dasar Kesenian Kelantan) to the performance’s components.
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Gusman, Chamusca, Fernandes, and Pinto. "Culture and Tourism in Porto City Centre: Conflicts and (Im)Possible Solutions." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 15, 2019): 5701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205701.
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City centres are spaces where different economic and cultural values converge as a consequence of their current uses and functions. In the case of Porto (Portugal), more than 20 years after being declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO (in 1996), tourism has had remarkable effects on its physical, social and economic features. Therefore, Porto—and in particular its city centre—is taken in this article as the object of study. The interest of this space lies in the fact that it has been rapidly transformed from a devalued old area into the centre of an important urban tourism destination on a European level. Based on the spatial and temporal analysis of a set of indicators related to tourism, housing and economic activity, we identify the main threats that this “culture-led regeneration”—much supported by tourism—could have on the cultural values of Porto. Our results show that this process is promoting an excessive use of space by tourism and an overexploitation of cultural values. We conclude with some policy recommendations to support strategies capable of keeping cultural values alive, which we consider sustainable compromises between heritage and modernization.
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Organ, Samantha. "The opportunities and challenges of improving the condition and sustainability of a historic building at an international tourist attraction in the UK." International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation 38, no. 2 (June 12, 2019): 329–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-09-2018-0076.
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Purpose Heritage tourism has become increasingly popular, and improving the sustainability of such sites is essential both nationally and internationally. The purpose of this paper is to explore the opportunities and challenges of improving the condition and sustainability of a chapel at a busy international heritage tourist attraction. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was adopted. This utilised interviews with four of the primary building professionals involved with the refurbishment project. Documentary analysis and observations were also used. Findings The present case study presents the opportunities and challenges faced by a tourist heritage attraction. Improvements to the condition and sustainability of such assets are essential to ensure their sustained and enhanced use, and the protection of heritage buildings. Such projects create opportunities to increase knowledge and understanding about these assets as well as enhancing opportunities for meaning making for visitors. The paper highlights the importance of a strong leader and a balanced team working towards common objectives. Further, whilst synergies between conservation and sustainability exist, there are also tensions and compromises. Research limitations/implications This case study highlights the opportunities and challenges of improving the condition and sustainability of built cultural heritage at a tourist attraction. Opportunities included increased knowledge and understanding about the heritage asset; enhancement of values for present and future generations; improved condition, increased usability; and increased sustainability. Challenges were: team turnover; delays resulting from archaeological findings; previous work resulting in building defects; the existing building condition; and unfamiliarity and the uncertainty regarding particular measures. Practical implications The practical implications of this case study include ensuring clear project objectives and a balanced project team are in place. These should be enhanced by a good system of information recording throughout the project to limit the impact of staff absence. Good communication within the team and with external members such as manufacturers will reduce the impact of unfamiliar products and aid in decision making. Future research should explore whether these findings are applicable to other heritage tourist attractions, and whether visitors’ narrative encounters with the asset change following a sustainability improvement project. Originality/value Limited research has been previously performed on improving the sustainability of built cultural heritage at tourist attractions. This research investigates the opportunities and challenges facing building professionals in improving such heritage assets. The improvement of heritage tourist attractions requires careful consideration. Whilst they need to be conserved for future generations, increasing the sustainability of such assets is essential to ensure their continued usability.
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Salaberry, M. Rafael. "‘transformative’ potential of translanguaging and other heteroglossic educational practices." Journal of Multilingual Theories and Practices 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 266–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jmtp.16459.
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Over the last few decades, there has been an increased awareness about imprecise, inaccurate and, thus, unfair conceptualisations of language based on monoglossic views of language that delegitimise the linguistic repertoire of multilingual minorities as is the case of heritage speakers of Spanish in the US or speakers of Lingua Franca English worldwide. At the same time, there are theoretical and educational proposals that offer new conceptualisations of multilingualism focused on the concept of heteroglossia, which, in contrast with monoglossic views, focuses our attention on the fluid and full use of all linguistic resources available to language learners/users as they engage in the process of interacting with their interlocutors. In the present paper, I describe an important challenge that compromises the valuable agenda of heteroglossic approaches to develop multilingualism: the effect of listeners’ biases and reverse linguistic stereotyping. That is, educational programmes designed to counteract the negative effect of monoglossic approaches to second language learning in general cannot adopt a segregationist approach (neither in their theoretical design nor in their practical implementation). To place this challenge in context, I describe in detail the specific example of Spanish heritage second language learners at the tertiary level of education in the US setting and I also provide a broad outline of potential improvements in the curricular design of such programmes.
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Berlinger, Gabrielle A. "Balancing Memory and Material at the Lower East Side Tenement Museum." Museum Anthropology Review 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/mar.v12i1.13502.
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Abstract: Founded in a nationally landmarked apartment building on the ever-gentrifying Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York, the Lower East Side Tenement Museum is an historic site of immigrant social history and material culture. Constructed in 1864 and occupied by over 7,000 immigrants until its closing in 1935, this building has withstood constantly rising visitorship each year since its opening as a museum in 1988. With apartment spaces restored for the public to explore without roped-off restriction, this time capsule of domestic immigrant life requires continual maintenance to preserve its historic physical fabric. Through interviews with the Museum staff and the Preservation Advisory Committee (conservators, architectural historians, curators), as well as documentation of technical processes carried out in the preservation process, this ethnographic study investigates the questions and compromises that arise in the preservation of the tangible and intangible heritage contained within an historic structure in constant use. Which narratives are reconstructed through the Museum’s decisions to restore certain material features of the building while allowing others to decay? What are best practices for interpretation and preservation when a museum’s success results in the gradual destruction of its main artifact (the building) through use? This study explores the intersection of museum mission and practice, heritage construction, and historic preservation at a site both sustained and destroyed by its increasing success.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heritage compromises"
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Dedinger, Clémence. "Le devenir des zones humides face aux changements globaux : analyse patrimoniale des compromis socio-écologiques sur les marais de Brouage et du Fier d'Ars (Charente-Maritime, France)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0232.
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Le contexte de changement global renouvelle les défis de la gouvernance environnementale. En milieu rétro-littoral, les incidences des changements globaux se manifestent par une hausse de la fréquence et de l’intensité des submersions marines. Dans ce contexte, la préservation des zones humides (rétro-)littorales est remise en question, ce qui implique de réfléchir à l’évolution des modalités de gestion existantes. Cette thèse se propose ainsi d’éclairer le devenir possible de ces espaces particuliers au prisme des compromis patrimoniaux. Ces compromis traduisent, d’une part, le processus de mise en compatibilité d’une diversité de représentations du patrimoine (ce que les acteurs souhaitent préserver, transmettre, y compris l’usage des ressources) – que nous nommons les compromis en train de se dire. Ils renvoient d’autre part à des compromis en train de se faire, c’est-à-dire à des pratiques d’acteurs répondant à des logiques de compromis (entre exploitation et préservation), dont le déroulement dépend d’un ensemble de déterminants matériels, institutionnels et relationnels. L’originalité de la grille d’analyse que nous proposons est d’articuler l’économie institutionnaliste du patrimoine et deux approches théoriques complémentaires (économie des conventions et théorie sociale des pratiques). Cette grille a été appliquée à l’étude des marais rétro-littoraux de Brouage et du Fier d’Ars, situés en Charente-Maritime (France). Nous montrons d’abord que l’hétérogénéité des conceptions du patrimoine des marais, défendues par les acteurs (gestionnaires et exploitants), trouve une forme de compatibilité au sein de deux compromis "en train de se dire" dominants. Les pratiques des exploitants (éleveurs, sauniers, ostréiculteurs) traduisent globalement des compromis productifs en faveur de la préservation des marais, ce qui nous conduit à souligner la cohérence interne aux compromis patrimoniaux sur les deux territoires. Cette cohérence est déterminée par un ensemble de dimensions collectives matérielles, institutionnelles et relationnelles qui orientent l’action des producteurs selon des degrés variables. Nous montrons ensuite le bouleversement des compromis existants du fait du renforcement des oppositions entre acteurs, avec la prise en compte de la problématique de la submersion. Les compromis qui se feront dans le futur dépendront nécessairement des capacités de résistance au changement des pratiques. Par exemple, la forte dépendance des activités productives au milieu naturel limite les marges de manoeuvre dont disposent les exploitants pour s’adapter. La démarche empirique menée dans ce travail, conduisant au déploiement d’une méthodologie mixte de recherche et à l’imbrication de traitements qualitatifs (analyse de discours) et quantitatifs (analyse statistique multivariée, analyse de réseau), représente une avancée méthodologique pour décrypter la diversité des ressorts de l’action individuelle et collective. En outre, l’étude de la fabrique des compromis patrimoniaux (leur émergence et leur dynamique) constitue une voie de recherche pertinente pour analyser le potentiel d’adaptation des territoires face au changement globauxThe current context of global changes is renewing the challenges of environmental governance. In retro-littoral environments, these changes manifest through an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events, such as marine submersions. Under these conditions, the preservation of (retro)littoral wetlands is questioned, which calls for a a reevaluation of existing management approaches. This thesis aims to explore the possible future of these particular areas through the lens of heritage compromises. These compromises reflect, on the one hand, the process of making compatible a diversity of representations of heritage (what actors seek to preserve and transmit, including the use of resources) - what we call compromises in the process of being said. On the other hand, they refer to compromises in the process of being made, i.e., to the actors’ practices responding to compromise logics (between exploitation and preservation), which are shape by a set of material, institutional and relational determinants. The originality of our analytical framework is to combine an heritage approach and two complementary theoretical approaches (economics of conventions and practice theory). This framework has been applied to the retro-littoral marshes of Brouage and Fier d’Ars, located in Charente-Maritime (France). Our findings reveal that the heterogeneity of marsh heritage conceptions, defended by the actors (managers and producers), finds a form of compatibility within two dominant "in the process of being said" compromises. Farmers’ practices (breeders, salt producers, oyster farmers) generally reflect productive compromises that favor marsh preservation, highlighting the internal coherence of heritage compromises in both regions. This coherence is determined by a set of collective material, institutional and relational dimensions that guide producers’ actions to varying degrees. We then show how existing compromises are disrupted by growing oppositions between stakeholders, particularly as concerns over marine flooding have gained prominence. Future compromises will inevitably depend on the capacity of actors to resist shifts in practices. For example, the ecological dependency of production activities limits the flexibility available to farmers for adaptation. The empirical approach adopted in this work, leading to a mixed methodoly and the interweaving of qualitative (discourse analysis) and quantitative (multivariate statistical analysis, social network analysis) methods, represents a methodological advancement for deciphering the diverse drivers of individual and collective action. Furthermore, studying the emergence and dynamics of heritage compromises offers a promising pathway for assessing the adaptive potential of territories in response to global change
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Yeh, Wai-ki, and 葉煒棋. "Is heritage revitalization a compromise with town planning in Hong Kong?: a comparison of the Tsim Sha TsuiFormer Marine Police Headquarter, Kom Tong Hall, and Wanchai BlueHouse cluster?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48343730.
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Heritage conservation has become the hot issue since the well known public participated protection movement of Star Ferry Pier and Queen Pier. It made her to rethink her planning strategy related to heritage conservation issue.
In 2007, the government announced the public participated heritage revitalization scheme. It allow public to participate into the revitalization program of the enlisted building heritage. In view of such change, this dissertation aimed to evaluate whether the revitalization scheme before and after 2007 is part of town planning strategy or just a compromise to the planning aspect. By the comparison of the revitalization projects of Wancahi Blue House Cluster, Tsim Sha Tsui Former Police Headquarter and Kom Tong Hall, the new town planning strategy could be better illustrated.
Lastly, the paper would describe the British experience of building heritage regeneration. It set a good example for the Hong Kong Government in the improvement of town planning and heritage conservation issue.published_or_final_version
Housing Management
Master
Master of Housing Management
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Carreira, Rafaela Vanuza Guerreiro Teles. "Novos Compromissos: requalificação urbana e preservação do património urbano. O caso do Bairro Operário." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/45862.
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Estão em curso em Angola programas de requalificação e renovação urbana parte do
Programa Nacional de Habitação e Urbanismo que têm levado a construção de novas
cidades e centralidades e à reabilitação de aglomerados populacionais. A carência
habitacional que se intensificou nas últimas décadas encontra-se dentro do quadro de
dificuldades que a quinta aglomeração urbana mais populosa de África enfrenta
atualmente. Com o objetivo de melhor compreender a natureza das estratégias de
desenvolvimento urbano desenhadas e encaminhadas pelo governo angolano no
tratamento dos desafios da cidade de Luanda a pesquisa teórica e prática desta
dissertação envolve uma exploração concetual sobre as noções de requalificação urbana
e património urbano e uma reflexão do plano de requalificação urbana em curso num dos
bairros mais emblemáticos da cidade, o Bairro Operário, à luz desses conceitos. São assim
problematizados os conceitos de requalificação urbana e património urbano de acordo
com os contextos em que originaram, e posteriormente contextualizados à realidade
angolana.
Para um quadro mais completo do que se pretender analisar, estão reunidos
contextos e acontecimentos que estimulam o debate sobre a importância de requalificar
os musseques de Luanda. Sendo que cada lugar tem múltiplas narrativas que lhe dão
sentido, o enquadramento histórico sobre o crescimento urbano de Luanda e do objeto
de estudo constituíram-se como elementos essenciais na exploração do paradigma do
património urbano no contexto dos programas de intervenção urbana na cidade de
Luanda.Urban requalification and rehabilitation programmes are underway in Angola, part of the National Housing and Urban Development Program, which has led to the construction of new cities and centralities and to the rehabilitation of urban settlements. The housing shortage that has intensified in the last decades is within the framework of the difficulties currently faced by the fifth most populous urban agglomeration in Africa. In order to better understand the nature of the urban development strategies designed and directed by the Angolan government in the treatment of the challenges of the city of Luanda, the theoretical and practical research of this dissertation involves a conceptual exploration of the notions of urban renewal and urban heritage and a reflection of the urban requalification plan under way in one of the most emblematic neighbourhood of the city, Bairro Operário, in the light of these concepts. Thus, the concepts of urban requalification and urban heritage are problematized according to the contexts in which they originated, and later contextualized to the Angolan reality. For a more complete picture of what one wants to analyse, there are gathered contexts and events that stimulate the debate on the importance of musseques in Luanda. Since each place has multiple narratives that give its meaning, the historical framework on Luanda's urban growth and the object of study were essential elements in the exploration of the paradigm of urban heritage in the context of the urban intervention programs in the city of Luanda.
Books on the topic "Heritage compromises"
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LaFever, Alison M. Rethinking Industrial Heritage: A Discussion of the Preservation of Compromised and Contested Cultural Landscapes in Butte, Montana. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2012.
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Price, Joann F. Barack Obama. Greenwood, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400616464.
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Barack Obama splashed onto the political scene with an inspirational, rousing speech at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. From that night on, Obamamania was very real. He is bold and audacious; his rhetoric fiery, convincing and very compelling. He encourages cross-over appeal, discourse, affiliation, and has drawn many Americans, including today's youth, into politics. This is the story of a man of mixed race heritage who inspires, listens, compromises, and is often bipartisan. With a charismatic smile and a cadre of change we can believe in, many believe that he embodies the American dream. Thousands have turned out to hear the dynamic senator from Illinois speak as he campaigns to become the next President of the United States. Barack Obama says that his story could only take place in America, and this revealing biography traces the events of his remarkable life thus far. From his upbringing in humble circumstances in Hawaii and Indonesia to becoming the fifth African American senator in U.S. history, and later, a presidential candidate, this well-researched volume highlights the hardships and successes, the people who most influenced his career, his personal life, and his meteoric rise to pop icon status. Rounded out with photos, a timeline, a bibliography, and an index, this volume is a must-read for high school and undergraduate students of current events and political science.
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Zhang, Yue. Historic Preservation in a Neoliberal Context. Edited by Larry Bennett, Roberta Garner, and Euan Hague. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040597.003.0009.
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This chapter investigates the impact of neoliberalism on historic preservation. Using the stories of the Medinah Temple and Tree Studios in downtown Chicago as an example, the chapter explains how adaptive reuse has become one of the favored strategies for public officials and private developers to capture the profit associated with the built heritage. While renovating and reusing historic buildings is an advance compared to the wholesale demolition, the chapter reveals the danger of the strategy to undermine the architectural integrity of historic structures and compromise their original socially and culturally oriented functions. It highlights the tension between seeing historic preservation as public good and as a tool for economic benefit in the neoliberal era.
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Dudbridge, Glen. Libraries, Book Catalogues, Lost Writings. Edited by Wiebke Denecke, Wai-Yee Li, and Xiaofei Tian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199356591.013.11.
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Literature can be seen from two perspectives, contrasting a textual heritage sanctioned by cultural arbiters with a fluid scene in which written culture mutates according to the dynamics of open society. In China, a tradition of imperially sponsored bibliography, library formation, and cataloguing set out to standardize the mass of inherited writing. As libraries moved through cycles of formation, destruction, and reconstruction, they struggled to accommodate new work within traditional frameworks. Classification was an intellectual adventure that developed through two parallel traditions, in seven and four main parts respectively. By the eighth century ce, the four-part system imposed became dominant. Vast amounts of literature lost to direct transmission survived in edited collections that inevitably compromised the integrity of vanished originals. Conversely, finds in tombs, caves, and excavations have recovered a rich harvest of ancient writings, many of them previously unknown. The results have brought those two rival perspectives into direct confrontation.
Book chapters on the topic "Heritage compromises"
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Kupisch, Tanja, and Roswita Dressler. "Chapter 4. Gender assignment in German as a heritage language in an English-speaking context." In Language Acquisition and Language Disorders, 88–116. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.69.04kup.
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We present a case study of a heritage speaker of German, Luisa, who is growing up in an English-speaking part of Canada, focussing on the acquisition of grammatical gender in German. While German has cues to gender assignment, the acquisition of gender in this setting is compromised by the magnitude of gender cues and form syncretism, and the absence of gender in English. We present longitudinal, naturalistic data from three periods: age 1–2, age 4–5, and age 7. We ask whether Luisa develops grammatical gender akin to monolingual children or whether there are indications of delay, stagnation, or attrition, as observed for heritage speakers of other languages. The results show monolingual-like development despite a shift in dominance from German to English.
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Solari Irribarra, Fabiola, and Guillermo Rojas Alfaro. "10. Integrity and Authenticity." In Tangible and Intangible Heritage in the Age of Globalisation, 177–200. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0388.10.
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Fabiola Solari Irribarra and Guillermo Rojas Alfaro consider the vulnerability of urban and industrial constructions and their deterioration in arid climates. They question the authenticity of Humberstone and Santa Laura Salpeter Works in Chile according to the original fabrics and structures of this industrial heritage, the integrity of which has been harmed by the natural environment over time. In the last decade, several security measures and consolidation and stabilisation works were undertaken to conserve the tangible assets of this site. While conservation works partially compromised the original fabric and material aspects of the site, this change can be viewed as positive because the material decay of these mining complexes coexisted with efforts to keep them standing. In this way, these buildings and the choices made in conserving them bear witness to the key historical, industrial, and social processes associated with the heritage site.
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Bahat, Oded, Yvan Fortin, Martin L. Kolinski, Franck Renouard, and Richard M. Sullivan. "The Short Implant Heritage Continues: The Possibility of Reduced Grafting Without Restorative Compromise." In Short Implants, 33–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44199-9_4.
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Gravagnuolo, Antonia, Martina Bosone, and Luigi Fusco Girard. "The CLIC Multidimensional Impacts Assessment Framework: Criteria and Indicators for Circular “Human-Centred” Adaptive Reuse of Cultural Heritage." In Adaptive Reuse of Cultural Heritage, 225–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67628-4_8.
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AbstractHeritage is present in everyday society and it is a resource linked to social capital, economic growth, and environmental sustainability (Bandarin and van Oers 2014). Adaptive reuse is defined as “any building work and intervention aimed at changing its capacity, function or performance to adjust, reuse or upgrade a building to suit new conditions or requirements” (Douglas 2006). In Historic Preservation: Curatorial Management of the Built World (1982), James Marston Fitch points out that the adaptive reuse of historic buildings “is more economic” not only in terms of the “conservation of the energy represented by the built environment,” but also for the “relative costs of old and new built space”. Adaptive reuse can be an effective conservation strategy allowing present and future use of abandoned heritage buildings, groups of buildings, landscapes or sites, changing and enhancing their functions and adapting the existing features to new needs (Bullen and Love 2010). However, the adaptive reuse intervention should not compromise heritage values, thus the threshold of transformation versus conservation should be carefully identified. Cultural heritage adaptive reuse is a complex activity, where multiple and often conflicting values need to be considered (CHCfE consortium 2015). Therefore, adaptive reuse should be supported by adequate multidimensional and multicriteria evaluation tools which enable to deal with multiple values and needs, also considering the diverse range of stakeholders, users and beneficiaries of the interventions This study presents the structured framework for the ex-post and ex-ante evaluation of the impacts of cultural heritage adaptive reuse practices in the perspective of the circular economy. It builds on previous analysis of more than 120 case studies of cultural heritage adaptive reuse. The aim of this chapter is to identify multidimensional evaluation tools, as criteria and indicators, according to the CLIC framework of circular adaptive reuse of cultural heritage, starting from the analysis of previous studies and ex-post evaluation of adaptive reuse practices, to structure a comprehensive operational framework for ex-ante evaluation and participatory decision-support in the perspective of circularity.
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Loda, Mirella, and Manfred Hinz. "Framing Planning and Conservation Activities in the Local Socio-Cultural Context: Ethnicity and Gender in Bamiyan." In Research for Development, 115–30. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54816-1_8.
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AbstractThis article illustrates the critical importance of research into the socio-cultural reality of Bamiyan (Afghanistan) for the cooperation projects aimed at preserving cultural heritage. The case study shows that exploring and ultimately deconstructing the categories of ethnicity and gender has helped overcome the impasse created by tensions and competition among different social and interest groups. As for the ethnic issue, a way out of this impasse might be found in putting ethnic self-definitions aside and searching for a reasonable compromise apropos the underlying economic interests. In regard to gender—a particularly sensitive issue in Islamic countries—the article questions the standardized way that urban planning addresses public spaces. It illustrates first that in the local context private dwellings de facto function as public spaces, especially for the female segment of the population, and therefore should be arranged more generously. Moreover, the article draws attention to the fact that the Islamic pilgrimage shrines (ziaratgah) play a crucial role for women, as the almost only public space (except the market) that they can attend without male company. It is, therefore of paramount importance to improve their quality as public spaces even if they are not included in the list of World Heritage assets.
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Brennan, Michael L. "Potentially Polluting Wrecks: An Introduction." In Threats to Our Ocean Heritage: Potentially Polluting Wrecks, 1–10. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57960-8_1.
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AbstractShipwrecks lie hidden below the surface of the water and, especially those in deep water, are out of sight and easily ignored. Many of these wrecks from the modern era either contain or are suspected to contain hazardous materials that are within the metal hulls which have the potential to cause an environmental disaster should they leak or spill. A potentially polluting wreck (PPW) is a shipwreck containing a cargo or a large volume of its own fuel that remains within the wreck and has the potential to cause an environmental hazard should the structure become compromised and either leak or catastrophically release. This book addresses those wrecks with the potential to pollute due to petroleum cargoes or bunkers. While unexploded ordnance and munitions also represent both a hazard and toxic substance, addressing this type of cargo and threat is different than for petroleum cargos and would need its own volume on the subject. According to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), ‘marine pollution from sunken vessels is predicted to reach its highest level this decade, with over 8,500 shipwrecks at risk of leaking approximately 6 billion gallons of oil’ (IUCN, 2023). They contain hazardous materials including chemicals, unexploded ordinances, and an estimated six billion gallons of heavy fuel oil. ‘This is 545 times more oil than the Exxon Valdez leak in 1989 and 30 times that of the Deepwater Horizon spill in 2010, both of which had severe and long-lasting environmental consequences’ (IUCN, 2023). Many of the wrecks identified as PPWs are those sunk during the two world wars, particularly oil tankers, but also include freighters, as well as ships from parts of the twentieth century that foundered in storms.
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Burke, Lydia E. Carol-Ann. "Science Teacher Education in Canada: Addressing Diversity by Living and Teaching Intersectionality." In To Be a Minority Teacher in a Foreign Culture, 317–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25584-7_20.
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AbstractAs a Black woman of Caribbean heritage, born and raised in England, my own school science experience was focused on learning the tricks that teachers presented as intuitively graspable. I was used to pushing through and ignoring the ‘outsider’ feelings that I possessed. As a science teacher and science teacher educator, I came to understand that there are many students for whom the acquisition of science knowledge means compromise to their sense of selfhood, either because they are members of groups for whom Western modern science is not a central tenet of understanding or because of the esoteric mode of science instruction. In this chapter, I identify four critical incidents that have occurred during my professional experience as a science teacher educator. I explore the implications of these incidents by examining them through the equity lens of intersectionality to highlight broader concerns in science teaching and science teacher education. The analyses reinforce the need for science teachers to allow themselves and their students to be open and reflective about their own positionings in the field of science education as well as the need to acknowledge the historical and philosophical contexts of Western modern science as a body of knowledge. I hope that this chapter will be used by science teacher educators to stimulate dialogue and provide an artifact around which constructive and meaningful conversation foments in the many spaces of science teacher education.
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Lixinski, Lucas. "Definitions: From Cultural Property to Cultural Heritage (and Back?)." In International Heritage Law for Communities, 27–65. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843306.003.0002.
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This chapter focuses on the multiple definitions of ‘heritage’ in UNESCO instruments, and particularly on their relationship to the idea of ‘property’, with respect to communities’ engagement with heritage. It examines the drafting history of the key UNESCO treaties in the area, to identify the role of communities and other stakeholders in the definitions, as well as the political compromises made. The chapter also re-examines the move from ‘cultural property’ to ‘cultural heritage’, an important part of the elevation of the field to one overseeing international public goods. The chapter argues that this shift has had unintended consequences, key among which is the exclusion of communities. The field would do well to revisit the idea of ‘property’, but, as the chapter discusses, as a specific understanding of property that goes against conventional wisdom based on property as the ultimate bastion of individual liberty.
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Daugherty, Beth Rigel. "Virginia Stephen’s Uneasy Heritage: Lessons, Readers, and Class." In Virginia Woolf and Heritage. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781942954422.003.0003.
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In “A Sketch of the Past,” Virginia Woolf says she was “born into a very communicative, literate, letter writing, visiting, articulate, late nineteenth century world” (65). Mark Hussey notes that her parents “knew many of the intellectual luminaries of the late Victorian era well” (ix). Yet Leslie Stephen thought his journalism and dictionary-making put him on the periphery of the “intellectual aristocracy,” preventing him from making a real mark in philosophical or ethical thought. And although Woolf saw her parents as well-to-do (not rich), Stephen was haunted by money worries most of his life. Acutely aware of being an outsider – from her mother’s social ease, her friends’ intellectual agility, and the working classes’ material experiences – Woolf used that outsider status to see and critique class assumptions in herself and others. Yet insider contradictions and compromises abound in her life and work, as many commentators have noted, with sober understanding, spiteful glee, or dismissive shouts. In this paper, I propose to examine Virginia Stephen’s class heritage from the angle Virginia Woolf insists on in Three Guineas, that of the educated man’s daughter. What did Stephen learn from her father about the writer’s “place” in the class system? What did reading and writing do about class barriers? What did Leslie Stephen himself have to say about class in his “Thoughts of an Outsider” columns and elsewhere? How did those lessons affect Virginia Stephen’s experiences with Morley College students? What does Virginia Stephen’s class heritage reveal about class in Virginia Woolf?
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Ana Filipa, Vrdoljak. "Introduction." In The 1970 UNESCO and 1995 UNIDROIT Conventions on Stolen or Illegally Transferred Cultural Property. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192846884.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter covers the international efforts for the legal protection and safeguarding of cultural heritage through the UNESCO cultural conventions. The international legal framework covering cultural objects is contained in the 1970 UNESCO Convention, then adopted by UNESCO’s General Conference in 1970 and the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention. The chapter then outlines the context and complexity of multilateral efforts to regulate the transfer and return of cultural objects. Since all treaties embody compromises, the operation of these treaties may be informing customary international law related to the transfer and return of cultural objects. Moreover, the treaties changed the landscape of multilateral efforts to promote international cooperation for the protection of movable cultural heritage.
Conference papers on the topic "Heritage compromises"
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Śwituszak, Paula Karina, and Alina Tomaszewska -Szewczyk. "RETOUCHES WITH HISTORY – CONSERVATION OF THE SACRED HEART OF JESUS BY ADOLF HERMAN DUSZEK AND ITS AUTHORIAL POST-WWII RESTORATION." In RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13508.
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WWII left a great proportion of cultural heritage in Middle-Eastern Europe damaged. In the immediate aftermath of the war, there was neither necessary expertise, manpower nor resources to deal with such complex and total conservational challenges. Artists and craftsmen took to preserving and repairing the most darling objects of local heritage, leaving to us not only their original works, but also visible marks of the struggle to preserve them. Today, we are facing the task to preserve the multilinear story hidden behind those objects - their original body, wounds, and bandages, showing both the art of creation as well as the art of restoration to next generations. A great example of such a conservation effort is the story of The Sacred Heart of Jesus, painted by Adolf Herman Duszek in 1924 and restored by him after the war, in 1950. Over 70 years later, the painting required another intervention – mainly because of the bad state of preservation of the paint layer. The main challenge of this restoration was to find the balance between leaving the visible traces of the history of the object, the conservation ethics as well as the aesthetics and expectations of the recent owners. As it turns out, the impact of a private context is a significant aspect during the formation of the conservation programme. This paper discusses the need for compromises which had to be reached during the conservation of this particular painting.
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Gabellone, Francesco, Daniele Malfitana, Giuseppe Cacciaguerra, Ivan Ferrari, Francesco Giuri, and Claudia Pantellaro. "CRITICAL READING OF SURVIVING STRUCTURES STARTING FROM OLD STUDIES FOR NEW RECONSTRUCTIVE PROPOSAL OF THE ROMAN THEATRE OF CATANIA." In ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 8th International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2016.3556.
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The Graeco-Roman theatre of Catania stands in the heart of the historic centre, on the south-eastern slopes of the hill of Montevergine. The building visible today was built during the Julio-Claudian period as part of a programme that saw the rebuilding of the monument, which probably used structures and materials from the earlier Greek theatre. The work undertaken over more than fifty years, involving expropriation, demolition, excavation, and restoration, has, on the whole, made it possible to bring to light the surviving parts of the theatre, improving the comprehension of this monument, despite the fact that some sectors have been irreparably compromised.
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Giuffrida, Giada, and Rosa Caponetto. "A look on the intrinsic sustainability of Aeolian vernacular architecture." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15190.
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The vernacular architecture of the Aeolian Islands can be seen as the result of a stratification of empirical knowledge, linked to socio-economic, cultural, and environmental needs of local communities. This homogeneous and specific heritage is characterised by a constructive code which is the direct expression of the necessities dictated by the geo-morphological context, the environmental conditions and the availability of local resources. These constraints have strongly influenced the local “modus aedificandi”, characterised by an intrinsic sustainability. In particular, adaptation to local orography and climate, and to main wind directions, has promoted the adoption of several bioclimatic strategies (as the use of massive walls and roofs, cross ventilation and shading systems provided by verandas/porches) and of resources reuse (like rainwater collection). The smart use of traditional and locally available natural building materials for the realisation of the main constructive elements is another manifestation of this heritage sustainability. But the arrival of "modernity" (closely linked to industrialisation) has often compromised these aspects, neglecting the concept of continuous maintenance, choosing new, synthetic and (quite often) not compatible materials for recovery interventions, repurposing spaces and substituting and/or altering original uses. This contribution highlights the sustainability of Aeolian architecture and the traditional technical solutions used in this peculiar archipelago composed by volcanic islands. It also reports some "bad practices" introduced in the 60s and 70s to refurbish traditional buildings. Finally,a programmatic and more conscious approach to the recovery of Aeolian architecture, by the use of more compatible and sustainable interventions, is proposed. This choice is fundamental to respect the memory of vernacular heritage in general and, in particular, of Aeolian one, included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site list since 2000.
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Varvaro, Stefania. "Protection and reuse of a forgotten heritage: the Parmesan cheese buildings. Notes for a widespread museum in the lower Reggio Emilia plain." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15285.
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The content of this proposal is a reflection on the landscape of the low Reggio Emilia plain and on the material traces still present in the area linked to the artisanal production of Parmigiano Reggiano (Parmesan) cheese dating back to the 1700s and 1800s. We refer in particular to the agricultural system related to the production of forage and high quality grass to obtain the so-called “white gold”, milk - the raw material for making cheese - and to the architectural buildings used for artisanal dairy production. These structures, called caselli, are much more numerous in the province of Reggio Emilia (the Dairy Charter of 1911 lists 711 caselli), compared to Parma and Modena, despite the fact that Parmigiano Reggiano has always characterized the economy of these areas. This kind of architecture, is characterized by buildings of reduced proportions, with a central, square or polygonal, plan, structurally set on a central pillar around which the processing phases of the cheese production were organized. With perimeters defined by brick walls, bearing on the edges and characterized by jealous paneling on the sides, they are a testimony of valuable constructive knowledge. The grid infills, designed to calibrate air and light, transform them into essential components for the cheese production. Starting from the idea of a widespread museum in the area, close to H. de Varine's thought on the ecomuseum, some design guidelines are established for the enhancement of this production tradition and its agricultural landscape. The rapid evolution of dairy technology on the one hand, and the changes in the territory on the other, have compromised the interpretation of a system that in the tradition of knowledge, techniques and materials had characterized a territory for at least two centuries.
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Achenza, Maddalena, Ivan Blečić, Letizia Dipasquale, Saverio Mecca, and Alessandro Merlo. "Strategies for the recognition and the enhancement of the cultural heritage in Sant'Antioco." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15644.
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Sant'Antioco es una pequeña isla situada en el suroeste de Cerdeña (Italia). Históricamente ha estado ocupado por fenicios que inicialmente fundaron la ciudad de Sulki a lo largo de su costa sureste, luego cartagineses y romanos más tarde. Finalmente, durante las primeras décadas de 1700, Sant'Antioco fue ocupada por una comunidad de pescadores de origen genovés procedente de Tabarka, Túnez. Estas múltiples influencias culturales han determinado a lo largo de los siglos un patrimonio cultural muy peculiar en un territorio bastante pequeño donde aún hoy en día conviven diferentes costumbres e incluso diferentes idiomas.La historia, la arqueología, la artesanía tradicional, la comida y la música son un rico patrimonio aún vivo, pero aún poco reconocido por los propios habitantes de Sant'Antioco.In this frame, and with the goal of raising awareness on the richness of the local heritage, the Departments of Architecture DIDA (Florence) and DICAAR (Cagliari) have planned several coordinated activities and integrated strategies. These include a first joint seminar opened to university students of both Faculties finalized to the documentation of the local tangible and intangible resources; the involvement of the younger population (secondary school students) with regular meetings finalized to attract and empower them toward their heritage; develop new digital tools, including serious games, in order to better spread the acquired data and reach the biggest number of people. Se espera que el compromiso comunitario inicial prepare el terreno para una futura mejora de todos los recursos locales que giran en torno al patrimonio cultural de la isla que podría conducir al desarrollo de un turismo más responsable y sostenible.
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Vagnarelli, Tommaso. "Considerazioni sulla conservazione di un paesaggio archeologico etrusco: il caso delle fortificazioni di Cerveteri." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11431.
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Considerations on the conservation of an etruscan archaeological landscape: the case of Cerveteri fortificationsWhere now stands the city of Cerveteri (RM), between the ninth and third century BC took form one of the most important city-states of Etruria: Caere. Today this place is especially noted for the presence of the Etruscan necropolis of Banditaccia, inserted in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2004. The remains of the ancient fortifications, that represent one of the most interesting and well-preserved examples of an Etruscan defensive wall, are instead less known. Due to a prolonged abandonment and a presence of uncontrolled vegetation, the conservation of this testimony is now compromised by visible signs of deterioration. At the same time, this condition has defined a suggestive archaeological landscape in which architecture and nature coexist in a precarious balance. This contribution tries to deepen the importance of preserving this evocative symbiosis and proposes a possible conservative approach that could manage the relationship between ruins and vegetation.
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Pothuwila, Kalana, and Jordan M. Berg. "Qualitative Behavioral Analyzer for Fault Detection and Cyber Security of Control Networks." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6361.
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Cybersecurity for networked industrial control systems presents challenges not faced in information technology systems. The use of heritage protocols, such as Modbus, on unrouted serial buses makes it difficult to authenticate actuator commands and sensor data. Furthermore, rigid master/slave architectures such as Modbus are especially vulnerable to compromise of the master unit. We describe a logic program called the Qualitative Behavioral Analyzer (QBA) for monitoring a controlled physical process on an unrouted Modbus network. The proposed approach uses knowledge of process physics to identify a possible component fault or cyberattack. To avoid relying on the integrity of the master unit, the QBA directly analyzes Modbus network traffic. The first stage of the QBA is called the Network Analyzer, which evaluates each Modbus packet and extract qualitative information. The second stage is called the Physics Analyzer, which evaluates a qualitative physics model based on qualitative information from Network Analyzer. The QBA is demonstrated on simulations of a water treatment process.
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Zlatanović-Tomašević, Vesna. "Engineering activities and environmental protection." In Ekološko inženjerstvo - mesto i uloga, stanje i budući razvoj (16). Union of Engineers of Belgrade, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/eko-eng24002z.
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The two human worlds, the natural environment and the technosphere (the man-made envelope around the earth, that is, all the products of earthly civilization) are not in ecological balance, but are in deep conflict. The perspective is in turning the biosphere into the noosphere, the sphere of planned and directed development. Human activity and the technosphere must not be allowed to compromise the conditions of safe life on earth, endangering the very existence of life. The technical revolution has overtaken the development of knowledge about the biosphere and ecological systems. This disproportion is the cause of the impossibility of adequately solving many of the world problems. The biosanitary capacity of the environment represents today a physical barrier in the industrial world. Ecosystem pollutant is matter or energy that is capable of endangering human health, social goods, or their sources. Any substance or energy, which is in the wrong place, at the wrong time and in an wrong amount, can be a pollutant so that even desired activities can produce unwanted consequences. Urban policy is constantly in the relationship between resources, production and movement in the function of realizing the development goals of local joint cooperation. That is why it is necessary to constantly improve the methods of cooperation between elected political representatives and the public. The goals of urban policies are the construction of a pleasant urban environment, improvement of the living environment, social protection, protection of valuable cultural heritage, reduction of operating costs for local governments, benefits for young people, balance of different interests, human rights, etc.
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Petrucci, Enrica, Diana Lapucci, and Noemi Lapucci. "La Rocca di Arquata del Tronto: simbolo di rinascita per il territorio marchigiano colpito dal sisma." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11371.
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The fortress of Arquata del Tronto: symbol of rebirth for the Marche Region affected by the earthquakeThe Fortress of Arquata del Tronto in the Marche region is an imposing structure that rises on the crag to the north of the historic center. It represents a typical example of military architecture in the Apennines Area. Its foundation is between the eleventh and the twelfth century, an initial phase of embankment which undergoes a gradual and progressive increase in structures to enhance the functionality of the fortress. The city of Ascoli Piceno, worried about consolidating the defense outposts located at its borders, soon took possession of it. From the thirteenth to the sixteenth century, the Rocca lived alternate events, clashing with nearby castles, especially with Norcia. At the end of the eighteenth century, Arquata will be absorbed in the territory of the Clitunno Department, in the ancient Duchy of Spoleto. During this period, it was partially restored, to house a stable military garrison, becoming the third fortress of the Trasimeno Department, until it returned under the Papal States. Continuous interventions make the structure suitable for military uses. At the end of the nineteenth century, Giuseppe Sacconi, as director of the Conservation Office in the Marche and Umbria Region, undertook an important restoration. The ruins of the fortress were reconfigured according to medieval forms, taken by analogy from the repertoire of fortifications in the Apennine area. A further conservative intervention was carried out in 1990 to allow a new use. Unfortunately, the seismic events in 2016-2017 have compromised the Rocca, with large collapses that currently make the complex unusable. The intention is to undertake new restoration work, setting up a school construction site; this could represent a virtuous example to favor the rebirth of Arquata del Tronto, so strongly hit by the earthquake, through a project for the enhancement of its architectural heritage.
Reports on the topic "Heritage compromises"
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Limoges, A., A. Normandeau, J. B R Eamer, N. Van Nieuwenhove, M. Atkinson, H. Sharpe, T. Audet, et al. 2022William-Kennedy expedition: Nunatsiavut Coastal Interaction Project (NCIP). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332085.
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The accelerating Arctic cryosphere decline severely impacts the land on which northern communities live through the presence of coastal and marine geohazards and coastal erosion, which further places the cultural heritage of coastal archaeological sites at risks. Sea ice decline also compromises the formation of polynyas, with unknown consequences for the regional ecosystems. From the 10th to the 18th of July 2022, a scientific cruise onboard the research vessel William-Kennedy allowed the collection of a suite of samples and data from the marine coastal environment of Nain, Nunatsiavut. In total, 42 surface sediment samples, 29 sediment cores, 41 conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiles, 13 water samples, 24 phytoplankton nets and 13 zooplankton nets were collected. The cruise allowed the deployment of 2 moorings equipped with sediment traps in Nain Bay and within deeper offshore waters. Triangulation showed that the 2 moorings were correctly placed near their target locations. Drop camera transects were deployed in Webb Bay and at the easternmost tip of Paulmp;gt;'s Island to image the seabed and study benthic habitats. Finally, acoustic sub-bottom profiling along the entire study area allowed a high-resolution characterization of the stratigraphy of the seafloor, helped identifying locations for sediment sampling and inferring geological information about the depositional environments. The material and data collected during the research cruise will be key to 1) evaluating the productivity and dynamics of small recurring polynyas (i.e., rattles) on diverse timescales, 2) assessing marine and coastal geohazards (e.g., landslides) in relation to the deglacial history of Nain, 3) investigate the seabed geomorphology in Webb Bay and linkages with permafrost and sea-level changes and 3) conducting benthic habitat characterization. Co-led by the University of New Brunswick (UNB) and Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), this cruise was done in collaboration with the Government of Nunatsiavut, Université du Québec à Montréal, Université Laval, Dalhousie University and Memorial University, and was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and NRCan.
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Dechow, Chad Daniel, M. Cohen-Zinder, Morris Soller, Y. Tzfati, A. Shabtay, E. Lipkin, T. Ott, and W. Liu. Genotypes and phenotypes of telomere length in Holstein cattle, actors or reporters. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134156.bard.
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Selection programs aiming at improving health and survival in cattle are complicated by low heritability estimates, the fact that true herd life and carcass quality is not known until the end of an animal's life, and that many health conditions manifest late in life. Young animals are now heavily favored in breeding programs because low generation intervals accelerate the rate of genetic progress, which means selection decisions must be made before phenotypic observation of health and survival is feasible. Moreover, profitability is compromised when livestock producers raise animals that fail to produce due to health failure or that do not meet quality standards. Telomere length (TL) was hypothesized as a biomarker that could be recorded early in life, be associated with health and survival, and have higher heritability than other measures of health. Thus, our research aims were to: 1, determine associations of TL with health, wellbeing and production in Holsteins raised for dairy or beef purposes; 2, determine TL heritability, genetic variance, and genetic correlations with cow health and performance; and 3, map quantitative trait loci affecting TL and provide TL genomic predictions to industry partners and breeders. There were not significant changes made to the research plan during the project, but the timeline of the project was not met. Laboratory processing of samples was significantly delayed due to Covid along with some sample collection. TL measurements from >1100 animals across the US and Israel are available to date. TL declines modestly with age, in agreement with observations from other species. A genomic analysis was conducted using a single-step approach and TL had a moderate heritability estimate of 20% across age groups. The initial genome-wide association-analysis indicated that TL is a quantitative trait whose expression is influenced by effects across the genome. Moreover, there is a strong association of calf and dam TL at birth. Genetic relationships with health and survival were ascertained through correlations of genomic estimated breeding values (gEBV) for TL with gEBV for other traits routinely recording in national genetic evaluations. Higher TL is genetically associated with longer herd-life, a greater likelihood that cows will avoid premature on-farm death, and reduced disease incidence. The relationship appeared to be strongest when TL was measured during the first two years of life. Based on genotyping different cell types, there was evidence that maternal and colostral derived cells are present in newborns, which could bias TL measurements during the first weeks of life to a small degree. The implications of this research are that TL is a promising trait to include in multiple trait selection programs because it is heritable, available early in life, and correlated with longevity and health. Our TL reference population is currently being expanded, and genomic estimated breeding values will be disseminated to industry partners upon completion of the reference population so that they can evaluate the utility of incorporating TL into their breeding programs.