Journal articles on the topic 'Hepatitis Treatment Victoria'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Hepatitis Treatment Victoria.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 20 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Hepatitis Treatment Victoria.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Glenister, Kristen, William Kemp, Dunya Tomic, David Simmons, and Stuart Roberts. "Prevalence of Hepatitis C and treatment uptake in regional Victoria." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 44, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 514–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.13040.
Full text
2
Adamson, E., N. Yussf, and E. Schreiber. "Using Liver Cancer Prevention Messages to Scale up the Diagnosis and Treatment of People Living With Hepatitis B." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 132s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.32800.
Full textAbstract:
Background and context: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major public health issue in Australia, affecting an estimated 238,000 people. If not appropriately managed, chronic hepatitis B infection can cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. Liver cancer has the fastest increasing incidence rate of all cancers in Australia, and its survival is among the lowest. To reduce the burden of liver cancer, more people with CHB need to be diagnosed and treated. The majority of people living in Australia with CHB (61%) were born overseas, and research indicates people have low levels of understanding about hepatitis B, and its link to liver cancer. Cancer Council Victoria developed several communication campaigns to increase testing and diagnosis for hepatitis B in the Vietnamese and south Sudanese communities living in Victoria. Aim: •To raise awareness about hepatitis B and the link to liver cancer in the Vietnamese and south Sudanese community •To increase understanding about diagnosis, vaccination and management •To mobilize the community to talk to their trusted GP about hepatitis and to be tested. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign strategy was designed to address the knowledge barriers to testing for these two communities. To inform the strategy, qualitative focus groups and community interviews were used to identify perceptions of hepatitis B and liver cancer, as well as the barriers and motivators to testing. Both communities identified their local doctor as a trusted source of health information. Two media campaigns were developed featuring a known doctor from each community. An additional campaign was tailored specifically for young south Sudanese people using hip hop music as method of disseminating key messages about liver cancer prevention. Program/Policy process: The campaigns were designed by the Screening, Early Detection and Immunization Team at Cancer in Council Victoria, Australia. Outcomes: Digital metrics and face to face interviews with community members, nurses and doctors were used to assess the impact of the campaigns. Evaluation results also indicated people did visit their doctor to talk about hepatitis B. The success in motivating people to see their doctor was attributed to the campaigns featuring a message about liver cancer being caused by hepatitis B, and it being led by a known and respected doctor from their own community. What was learned: Cancer organizations can target liver cancer prevention efforts to · increase awareness about liver cancer and hepatitis B in at risk communities; · motivate at risk people to visit their doctor for hepatitis B testing, vaccination and treatment by linking the prevention of liver cancer to hepatitis treatment; · tailor communications to the specific needs of different culturally diverse communities; · collaborate closely with communities from culturally diverse backgrounds to ensure campaign messages and calls to action are culturally appropriate.
3
Iddi, Shabani, Caroline A. Minja, Vitus Silago, Asteria Benjamin, Jastine Mpesha, Shimba Henerico, Benson R. Kidenya, Stephen E. Mshana, and Mariam M. Mirambo. "High Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viral Load and Coinfection with Viral Hepatitis Are Associated with Liver Enzyme Abnormalities among HIV Seropositive Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in the Lake Victoria Zone, Tanzania." AIDS Research and Treatment 2019 (June 2, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6375714.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Liver enzymes abnormalities have been found to be common among patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART). Apart from the effects of ART on these changes, other factors that can potentially contribute to the abnormal levels of these enzymes have been found to vary in different geographical locations. This study investigated factors associated with liver enzymes abnormalities among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals on ART from the Lake Victoria zone, Tanzania. Methods. A cross-sectional study involving a total of 230 sera from HIV seropositive patients from different regions of the Lake Victoria zone was carried out in July 2017. All samples with required variables/parameters such as age, sex, ART regimen, and residence were serially included in the study. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) detection and liver enzymes assays (alanine transaminase (ALAT) and aspartate transaminase (ASAT)) were assessed following the standard procedures. Data were analyzed by using STATA version 13. Results. The median age of the study participants was 38 (interquartile range [IQR]:30-48) years. The overall prevalence of abnormal liver enzymes was 43.04% (99/230, 95% CI: 36.6-49.3). A total of 26.09% (60/230) had elevated ASAT while 23.9% (55/230) patients had elevated ALAT levels. ASAT levels were significantly high among patients with high HIV viral load (P= 0.002) while ALAT levels were significantly high among those coinfected with hepatitis C virus (P=0.017) and hepatitis B virus (P<0.001). Conclusion. A significant proportion of HIV seropositive individuals on ART have abnormal levels of liver enzymes, which is significantly associated with high HIV viral load and viral hepatitis. This calls for the need to emphasize screening of viral hepatitis and provision of appropriate management among HIV seropositive individuals in this setting.
4
Grebely, Jason, Marc Bilodeau, Jordan J. Feld, Julie Bruneau, Benedikt Fischer, Jennifer F. Raven, Eve Roberts, et al. "The Second Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: A Call to Action." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 27, no. 11 (2013): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/242405.
Full textAbstract:
In Canada, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection results in considerable morbidity, mortality and health-related costs. Within the next three to 10 years, it is expected that tolerable, short-duration (12 to 24 weeks) therapies capable of curing >90% of those who undergo treatment will be approved. Given that most of those already infected are aging and at risk for progressive liver disease, building research-based interdisciplinary prevention, care and treatment capacity is an urgent priority. In an effort to increase the dissemination of knowledge in Canada in this rapidly advancing field, the National CIHR Research Training Program in Hepatitis C (NCRTP-HepC) established an annual interdisciplinary Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus. The first symposium was held in Montreal, Quebec, in 2012, and the second symposium was held in Victoria, British Columbia, in 2013. The current article presents highlights from the 2013 meeting. It summarizes recent advances in HCV research in Canada and internationally, and presents the consensus of the meeting participants that Canada would benefit from having its own national HCV strategy to identify critical gaps in policies and programs to more effectively address the challenges of expanding HCV screening and treatment.
5
Hellard, Margaret E., Rebecca Jenkinson, Peter Higgs, Mark A. Stoové, Rachel Sacks‐Davis, Judy Gold, Matthew Hickman, Peter Vickerman, and Natasha K. Martin. "Modelling antiviral treatment to prevent hepatitis C infection among people who inject drugs in Victoria, Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 196, no. 10 (June 2012): 638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja11.10981.
Full text
6
MacParland, Sonya A., Marc Bilodeau, Jason Grebely, Julie Bruneau, Curtis Cooper, Marina Klein, Selena M. Sagan, et al. "The 3rd Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: Expanding Care in the Interferon-Free Era." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 28, no. 9 (2014): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/704919.
Full textAbstract:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) currently infects approximately 250,000 individuals in Canada and causes more years of life lost than any other infectious disease in the country. In August 2011, new therapies were approved by Health Canada that have achieved higher response rates among those treated, but are poorly tolerated. By 2014/2015, short-course, well-tolerated treatments with cure rates >95% will be available. However, treatment uptake is poor due to structural, financial, geographical, cultural and social barriers. As such, ‘Barriers to access to HCV care in Canada’ is a crucial topic that must be addressed to decrease HCV disease burden and potentially eliminate HCV in Canada. Understanding how to better care for HCV-infected individuals requires integration across multiple disciplines including researchers, clinical services and policy makers to address the major populations affected by HCV including people who inject drugs, baby boomers, immigrants and Aboriginal and/or First Nations people. In 2012, the National CIHR Research Training Program in Hepatitis C organized the 1st Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus (CSHCV) in Montreal, Quebec. The 2nd CSHCV was held in 2013 in Victoria, British Columbia. Both symposia were highly successful, attracting leading international faculty with excellent attendance leading to dialogue and knowledge translation among attendees of diverse backgrounds. The current article summarizes the 3rd CSHCV, held February 2014, in Toronto, Ontario.
7
Selfridge, Marion, Evan B. Cunningham, Rozalyn Milne, Anne Drost, Tamara Barnett, Karen Lundgren, Kellie Guarasci, Jason Grebely, and Chris Fraser. "Direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C, reinfection and mortality among people attending an inner-city community health centre in Victoria, Canada." International Journal of Drug Policy 72 (October 2019): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.03.001.
Full text
8
Ali, Qazi Masroor, Syed Hashim Raza, Ali Imran, Saba Anjum, and Maria Masroor. "Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis c genotype 3 patients of South Punjab, Pakistan." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20205297.
Full textAbstract:
Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir (SOF) plus ribavirin (RIB) in naive patients with chronic HCV genotype 3. The study design was open label, quasi experimental study. The study was conducted at Medical Outpatient Department of Medical Unit-1, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, affiliated with Quaid e Azam Medical College (QAMC), Bahawalpur, from April 2016 to June 2019.Methods: A total of 627 treatment-naive patients, aged above 18 years, with chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 infection were enrolled. SOF as 400 mg once a day plus weight-based RIB (1000 mg/day <75 kg and 1200 mg/day >75 kg) was given to all the study participants for 24 weeks. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) were done at 4 weeks to note the rapid virological response (RVR) whereas end of treatment response (ETR) was recorded at 24 weeks and sustained virological response (SVR) was noted 3 months after completion of treatment.Results: By 4th week, PCR of 524 (83.6%) patients was available, out of which, 492 (93.9%) had undetectable HCV RNA. By the end of treatment (24 weeks), PCR of 401 (64.0%) patients was available, out of which, 393 (98.0%) had undetectable HCV RNA. Data of 291 (46.4%) patients was available for SVR, 274 (94.1%) had undetectable HCV RNA. Weakness and fatigue turned out to be the commonest side effects, observed in 236 (37.6%) patients.Conclusions: Sofosbuvir was found to have good efficacy and safety in the local population of South Punjab having treatment-naïve chronic HCV genotype 3 infection.
9
Selfridge, Marion, Tamara Barnett, Kellie Guarasci, Karen Lundgren, Anne Drost, and Chris Fraser. "“Like what? You think I have that?”-Impact of stigma on pharmacy-based identification and treatment of hepatitis C in Victoria, British Columbia." Journal of Hepatology 77 (July 2022): S240—S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(22)00853-4.
Full text
10
Ehsani, Jonathon P., Trang Vu, and Maria Karvelas. "Exploring the need for hepatology nurses and allied health professionals in Victorian liver clinics." Australian Health Review 30, no. 2 (2006): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah060211.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To examine the need for hepatology nurses and allied health professionals in Victorian liver clinics to meet the increasing demand from people seeking treatment for hepatitis C infection. Design: We reviewed the literature, analysed data from nine Victorian liver clinics, and conducted a qualitative rapid assessment with key stakeholders including hepatology nurses. Participants: Fourteen key stakeholders including clinicians and directors of liver clinics were invited to take part in interviews; two declined to participate. All ten members of the Victorian Hepatology Nurses Group were invited to participate in a focus group discussion, and six attended. Results: Participants reported that hepatology nurses played a critical role in improving treatment uptake and compliance, in particular, in educating, counselling and managing treatment for people with hepatitis C infection. Psychiatric and social work staff assisted patients to overcome side effects associated with treatment. Interpreters increased access for those from culturally and linguistically diverse communities. Conclusions: Hepatology nurses and allied health professionals are central to enhancing treatment outcomes for people who are infected with hepatitis C. Further research is necessary to estimate the number of nurses and allied health professionals required to meet the current and future needs of people receiving treatment for hepatitis C infection.
11
Wallace, Jack, Bev Hanley, Mary Belfrage, Sandra Gregson, Niall Quiery, and Jayne Lucke. "Delivering the hepatitis C cure to Aboriginal people: documenting the perspectives of one Aboriginal Health Service." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 6 (2018): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18024.
Full textAbstract:
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are disproportionately affected by hepatitis C, an infection that is curable with direct acting antivirals (DAAs). The Australian Government funded access to DAAs from March 2016 for all people with hepatitis C, with primary care physicians, along with clinical specialists, permitted to prescribe these treatments. The Victorian Aboriginal Health Service, in recognising the effect of liver disease from viral hepatitis within their community, and of the increased availability to DAAs, established a Liver Clinic to facilitate access to treatment for people attending the service. This study conducted semi-structured interviews to document the health service provider perspectives on the barriers and enablers to treatment; explored patients’ experiences of hepatitis C treatment and cure; and sought to identify possible health system-level changes to facilitate increased access and uptake of treatment by Aboriginal people. The study found the success of the clinic was supported by the multidisciplinary and accessible nature of the health service, and the relationships built over time between clinic staff and people with, or at risk of, hepatitis C. For those treated, the individual effect of the cure not only eliminated the hepatitis C virus, but reduced shame and increased broader social participation.
12
Lenton, Emily, Jen Johnson, and Graham Brown. "Upscaling HIV and hepatitis C testing in primary healthcare settings: stigma-sensitive practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 27, no. 4 (2021): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py20176.
Full textAbstract:
Increasing testing for viral hepatitis and HIV is central to meeting World Health Organization and Australian targets to eliminate blood-borne viruses as public health priorities by 2030. In this paper we draw on findings and recommendations from a Victorian consultation with 40 health and community practitioners engaged with blood-borne virus testing. The consultation focused on identifying what constitutes best practice in pre- and post-testing discussion in the current era of highly effective treatments for HIV and hepatitis C. Overall, the consultation found that the pre- and post-test discussion remains an important feature of testing, but, given that stigma continues to impact the lives of people affected by these viruses, sensitivity to this issue needs to inform how these discussions take place. We describe how primary healthcare settings can support the goal of upscaling HIV and hepatitis C testing in a way that delivers safe and stigma-free testing encounters. We offer the notion of ‘stigma-sensitive practice’ as a term to describe this approach to pre- and post-test discussions.
13
Barroso-Sousa, Romualdo, Tianyu Li, Sangeetha Reddy, Leisha A. Emens, Beth Overmoyer, Paulina Lange, Molly K. Dilullo, et al. "Abstract GS2-10: Nimbus: A phase 2 trial of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for patients with hypermutated her2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC)." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): GS2–10—GS2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-gs2-10.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: While high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) has been used as a tissue-agnostic biomarker for approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), there is a paucity of data regarding efficacy of ICI in TMB-H MBC. The aim of this study was to evaluate if patients with TMB-H HER2-negative MBC benefit from the combination of nivolumab plus ipilimumab. Methods: This is an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 study assessing the efficacy of nivolumab 3 mg/kg intravenously (IV) every 14 days plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg IV every 6 weeks in subjects with TMB-H HER2-negative MBC. Eligible patients were required to have measurable HER2-negative MBC, TMB ≥9 Mut/Mb assessed by a cancer-gene panel evaluating > 300 genes and performed in a CLIA-certified laboratory, and 0-3 prior lines of chemotherapy in the advanced setting. The primary objective was overall response rate (ORR) according to RECIST 1.1. Secondary objectives include safety and tolerability, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). The study followed a two-stage design. In the first stage, 14 patients were enrolled. The study required at least 1 objective response in order to continue to the second stage where an additional 16 patients were enrolled. At least 4 objective responses among the 30 patients would suggest the regimen is worthy of further study. If the true response rate is 25%, the chance that the regimen is declared worthy of further study is > 90%. Tumor biopsies, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, circulating tumor DNA, and stool collection were mandatory and were obtained at baseline and on treatment (end of cycle 1). Results: From February 2019 to June 2021, 31 patients were enrolled across 3 different academic institutions. Among 30 patients who initiated study treatment, the median age was 63 yo, 20 had hormone-receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer and 10 had triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and median number of prior lines of chemotherapy was 1.5 (0-3). Among the 10 patients with TNBC, PD-L1 status was known in 7 patients (3 positive and 4 negative). Median TMB was 10.9 Mut/Mb and 16.7% (n = 5) of patients had a TMB ≥14 mut/Mb. After a median follow-up of 9.7 (4.4 - 16.4) months, 4 (13.3%) patients achieved a confirmed objective response (all partial responses) meeting the primary endpoint of this study. The median duration of response has not been reached and 3 of these patients are still progression-free for at least 15 months. Two patients have short follow-up, and one has an unconfirmed partial response and the other has a stable disease at the time of the data cut. Median PFS and OS was respectively 1.4 (95% CI 1.3 - 9.5) months and 8.8 (95% CI 4.2 - not reached). Exploratory analysis did not show a difference in response rate according to HR status and PD-L1 status (data not shown) but tumors with TMB ≥14 mut/Mb had a response rate of 60% vs 4% in the group with TMB between ≥9 and <14 mut/Mb (p = 0.01). The treatment was associated with a favorable toxicity profile, with only three patients developing grade 3 immune-related adverse events (1 had adrenal insufficiency and cardiac troponin elevation, and two other had hepatitis). There were no reported grade 4-5 events. Data regarding TIL, PD-L1 and CD8 immunohistochemistry will be presented at the symposium. Conclusion: This study of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in TMB-H MBC achieved the primary endpoint and demonstrated a confirmed ORR of 13.3%. While patients with TMB ≥ 14 Mut/Mb were minority in this study, the 60% of ORR in this subgroup highlights the need to better evaluate the optimal TMB cutoff to predict benefit to immunotherapy in MBC. Citation Format: Romualdo Barroso-Sousa, Tianyu Li, Sangeetha Reddy, Leisha A. Emens, Beth Overmoyer, Paulina Lange, Molly K Dilullo, Victoria Attaya, Jeffrey Kimmel, Eric P. Winer, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Nabihah Tayob, Sara M. Tolaney. Nimbus: A phase 2 trial of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for patients with hypermutated her2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS2-10.
14
Body, Amy, Jennifer F. Hoy, Allen C. Cheng, and Michelle L. Giles. "Incident hepatitis B infection subsequent to the diagnosis of HIV infection in a Melbourne cohort: missed opportunities for prevention." Sexual Health 11, no. 1 (2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh13019.
Full textAbstract:
Background The characteristics associated with incident hepatitis B (HBV) infection in HIV-positive individuals are not well described in the Australian setting. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of and risk factors for HBV infection within HIV-infected individuals in a Melbourne cohort between 1985 and 2011. Methods: Individuals susceptible to HBV at their HIV diagnosis were identified using their HBV serology stored within the Victorian HIV database. Within this group, those who had a subsequent positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis B core antibody were identified as infected with HBV after their HIV diagnosis. Incident cases were matched with controls from the initially susceptible group who did not seroconvert for analysis. An incidence rate was calculated from the number of seroconversions and the cumulative time at risk (in 1000 patient-years of follow-up). Results: Of the 4711 patients with HIV seen more than once, 3223 had HBV testing. Of the 174 with positive HBV test results, 39 individuals met the definition of seroconversion after HIV diagnosis, representing the incident cases. The estimated HBV incidence rate was 1.81 (95% confidence interval: 1.28–2.47) per 1000 patient-years at risk. These individuals form the basis of a detailed case series and case–control study. Data collected include demographic details, immunological and virological characteristics, antiretroviral treatment and vaccination history. Conclusions: HIV-infected individuals should be screened for HBV and monitored for incident infection. Optimal control of HIV and improved vaccination coverage provide the best opportunity for prevention.
15
Coombes, Caitlin, Keisuke Horikawa, Sanjiv Jain, Jun Hee Lim, Sewa Rijal, Kartik Saxena, and Dipti Talaulikar. "Somatic Mutations Associated with IgVH4-34 FR1 Region Unmutated QW and Avy Motifs in DLBCL Patients." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142486.
Full textAbstract:
There is increasing evidence for antigen-driven B-cell receptor (BCR) signalling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and other lymphoid malignancies. This includes antigens from infections e.g.Helicobacter pyloriand Hepatitis C virus, but it is theorised that self-antigens may play a major role in some cases of lymphoid malignancy. IgVH4-34 demonstrates intrinsic autoreactivity to self-antigens on red cells, which appears to be largely mediated by two motifs within the first framework region (FR1); Q6W7 and A24V25Y26. These motifs work together to for a hydrophobic patch which determines red cell antigen binding and are frequently mutated away from self-reactivity in normal B cells. IgVH4-34 has been reported to be over-represented in DLBCL compared with expression in normal B cells. We therefore sought to identify IgVH4-34 DLBCL cases from a local cohort and to screen them for Q6W7 and A24V25Y26 motifs expecting them to be less frequently mutated in DLBCL compared with normal B cells.We also aimed to screen V4-34 cases for associated somatic mutations in other genes using high-throughput sequencing. DLBCL patient samples were obtained via the Haematology Research Tissue Bank (HRTB) in Canberra, Australia, and the Victoria Cancer BioBank. Forty-eight Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) samples and 26 fresh frozen samples were screened. All samples were collected at the time of diagnosis. Patients were treated with standard chemoimmunotherapy approaches. IgVH 4-34 gene sequences were determined using an IgVH4 family-specific leader primer in combination with a JH consensus reverse primer. The IgVH region was then sequenced using Sanger sequencing. Sequences were analyzed using the IgBLAST database (National Centre for Biotechnology Information). DNA extracted from FFPE samples generally proved to have low concentration and fragmented DNA. Only 1 IgVH4-34 sequence was obtained from FFPE tissue. Five samples sequenced from fresh tissue were identified as using IgVH4-34. Using Hans criteria, it was possible to classify 3 of the 6 cases as germinal center (GC) and 1 as non-GC origin. Using fresh samples, we estimated the frequency of IgVH4-34 cases at 23%. Within FR1, Q6W7 was unmutated in all 6 samples. One sample had mutations in the A24V25Y26 motif resulting in a change to A24V25F26. The other 5 samples (83.3%) had unmutated AVY motifs. We extracted genomic DNA from and performed next generation sequencing on the 5 samples with unmutated Q6W7 and A24V25Y26 motifs using a customized capture library (SureSelectXT Target Enrichment System, Aqilent Technologies) covering genes involved in lymphomagenesis. The purified libraries were sequenced on the Illumina NextSeq500 platform at AGRF (Australian Genome Research Facility, Australia). Several genes (FCGR3A,NOTCH2andNOTCH2NLR) had mutations in all 5 samples.FCGR3Ais an IgG Fc receptor gene, and mutations inFCGR3Ahave previously been linked to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).NOTCH2pathway genes are frequently mutated in DLBCL.CREBBPwas mutated in four of the five samples. Mutations inCREBBPhave previously been linked with DLBCL development and regulation of immune responses. We identified high rates of IgVH4-34 (23%) in our cohort of fresh samples as previously reported. Further, we noted preservation of the Q6W7 and A24V25Y26 motifs in IgVH4-34-expressing DLBCL. This over-representation of unmutated FR1 motifs suggests that the ability to recognise self-antigens likely provides important ongoing BCR signalling that promotes survival in DLBCL. This study also highlights the difficulties in conducting DNA-based research on FFPE clinical samples which have not been collected for research purposes and the importance of tissue banking fresh samples. Studies are currently being conducted into the efficacy of BCR pathway inhibitors e.g. ibrutinib in the treatment of DLBCL and testing for unmutated IgVH4-34 FR1 motifs may present a method to predict patients who are more likely to respond. Mutations in genes such as FCGR3A,NOTCH2andCREBBPmay work in conjunction with the preserved QW and AVY motifs to promote lymphomagenesis in IgVH4-34-expressing B cells and may present targets for future research into treatment therapies. Figure Disclosures Talaulikar: Roche:Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding;Janssen:Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau;Amgen:Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding;Takeda:Research Funding.
16
Safreed-Harmon, Kelly, Mark Thursz, John Dillon, Manal El-Sayed, Ahmed Elsharkawy, Angelos Hatzakis, Michel Jadoul, et al. "The Micro-Elimination Approach to Eliminating Hepatitis C: Strategic and Operational Considerations." Seminars in Liver Disease 38, no. 03 (July 9, 2018): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1666841.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe introduction of efficacious new hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments galvanized the World Health Organization to define ambitious targets for eliminating HCV as a public health threat by 2030. Formidable obstacles to reaching this goal can best be overcome through a micro-elimination approach, which entails pursuing elimination goals in discrete populations through multi-stakeholder initiatives that tailor interventions to the needs of these populations. Micro-elimination is less daunting, less complex, and less costly than full-scale, country-level initiatives to eliminate HCV, and it can build momentum by producing small victories that inspire more ambitious efforts. The micro-elimination approach encourages stakeholders who are most knowledgeable about specific populations to engage with each other and also promotes the uptake of new models of care. Examples of micro-elimination target populations include medical patients, people who inject drugs, migrants, and prisoners, although candidate populations can be expected to vary greatly in different countries and subnational areas.
17
Gibney, Katherine B., Jennifer MacLachlan, Rachel Coutts, Nasra Higgins, and Janet Strachan. "Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Higher Among People Notified With Markers of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Population-based Surveillance in Victoria, Australia, 2001–2017." Clinical Infectious Diseases, August 4, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1110.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Worse outcomes from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) have been reported among those coinfected with hepatitis C. We aimed to establish if IPD notification rates are higher among people notified with markers of hepatitis C virus infection than the general population. Methods IPD cases notified in Victoria, Australia, from July 2001–December 2017 were linked with hepatitis C cases (diagnosed by serology or PCR testing) notified from January 1991–December 2017. IPD incidence was calculated using population data and the estimated number of Victorians with hepatitis C. Results From July 2001–December 2017, 6407 IPD cases were notified. Hepatitis C infection was notified in 342 (5.3%) of IPD cases overall, and 24.4% among IPD cases aged 45–49 years. Among IPD cases also notified with hepatitis C, 55.3% were infected with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes and 82.8% with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine serotypes. Compared with IPD cases without hepatitis C, IPD cases also notified with hepatitis C were younger (mean age, 45.7 vs 49.4 years; P = .011) and more often male (65.5% vs 55.5%, P < .001). Annual IPD notification incidence was 6.8/100 000 among people without hepatitis C and 39.4/100 000 among people with hepatitis C (IRR, 5.8; 95% CI, 5.2–6.4; P < .001). Conclusions IPD notification incidence was 5 times higher among people notified with markers of hepatitis C than the general population. Pneumococcal vaccination should be offered to people with markers of hepatitis C virus infection. To facilitate appropriate treatment, young and middle-aged adults with IPD should be tested for hepatitis C.
18
Rodrigues, Beverly, Nola Parsons, James Haridy, Stephen Bloom, Caroline Day, Geoffrey Haar, Amanda Nicoll, and Rohit Sawhney. "A nurse-led, telehealth-driven hepatitis C management initiative in regional Victoria: Cascade of care from referral to cure." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, June 18, 2021, 1357633X2110241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x211024108.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Elimination of hepatitis C virus stands as an unresolved World Health Organization target, and is associated with complications including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis C virus management has been revolutionised following the widespread availability of direct-acting antiviral agents in Australia since 2016; however, large proportions of the population remain untreated. Telehealth-based service delivery is an accessible and effective alternative, and we aimed to assess qualitative and clinical outcomes in a clinical nurse consultant-led regional telehealth model. Methods A prospective cohort analysis of all patients referred to a Victorian regional hospital’s hepatitis C virus telehealth clinic between 1 April 2017 and 10 June 2020 was conducted. Data were collated from outpatient and electronic medical records. Results Fifty-five out of 71 referred patients were booked, with 44 patients (80%) attending at least one appointment. A history of alcohol use disorder and psychiatric comorbidity was seen in 25 (54%) and 24 (52%) patients, respectively. Twenty-one out of 24 (88%) eligible patients had direct-acting antiviral agent treatment and 14 out of 21 (67%) successfully completed the treatment. An average of 46.5 km, 54.6 min and $AUD30.70 was saved per patient for each visit. Observed benefits included: increased medical engagement, adherence to and completion of HCV treatment and cirrhosis monitoring. Telehealth-driven hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance was successful in the cirrhotic subgroup. Conclusion Clinical nurse consultant-led hepatitis C virus management via telehealth allows access to marginalised regional populations. Clinical outcomes were comparable to other cohorts with additional cost-benefit, efficiency gains and carbon footprint reduction amongst a previously unreported regional Victorian hepatitis C virus population.
19
"Company News." Asia-Pacific Biotech News 05, no. 18 (September 3, 2001): 428–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219030301000635.
Full textAbstract:
SciClone Pharmaceuticals' Hepatitis B Treatment to Gain Approval in Japan. Prana Biotechnology Partners with Neuroscience Victoria. EGF Approved for Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer. US-based Disease Sciences to Explore Possibility of Mad Cow Disease in China and Australia. US-based GeneMachines Supplies Microarrayers to Genome Institute of Singapore. Beijing Genomics Institute Selected as Sun Microsystems Center of Excellence. US-based Pharmacia Donates Eye Medicine to China. SciClone's ZADAXIN Approved as Cancer Treatment in the Philippines. US-based Trinity Files New Drug Application for HIV Treatment in Thailand. Genemedix to Launch US$28.6 Million Biotech Venture Capital Fund. Germany's Degussa Focussing on Asia. Kirin Brewery to Expand Collaboration with US-based Dendreon. India's Candila Pharma to Increase Sales in Australia and NZ. Australian Biotech Firm among Founders of New Stem Cell Research Facility. Australian Firm, Cerylid Biosciences, Receives A$9.9 Million Investment. Shriram Biotech to Produce Xanthan Gum. Singapore Firm Buys British Drug Company. Marketing of Bayer's Anti-Cholesterol Drug in Taiwan Halted. Taiwan Biowell Produces Biochip to Help Fight Crime. US-based Arena Pharmaceuticals Announces Multi-Receptor Cart Collaboration with Taiwan Taigen Biotechnology. US Tanox to Set up Protein Drug Plant in Taiwan.
20
Butt, Zahid, Naveed Janjua, Stanley Wong, Amanda Yu, Maria Alvarez, Nuria Chapinal, Jason Wong, et al. "Differential spatial distribution of hepatitis B virus by ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada: Expanded role of a large administrative cohort." International Journal of Population Data Science 3, no. 4 (September 4, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.846.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionMost chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in Canada are diagnosed among immigrants from endemic countries and lack traditional risk factors while most acute infections are usually diagnosed in Caucasian population with co-occurring risk factors. Thus, understanding geographical distribution of HBV infection by ethnicity could inform screening and care strategies.
Objectives and ApproachWe identified geographic clusters of HBV infection in British Columbia by ethnicity during the years 1990-2015 using the BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort (BC-HTC). The BC-HTC includes ~1.7 million individuals tested for HCV or HIV at the BC Public Health Laboratory or reported as a case of HCV, HIV, or HBV linked to healthcare administrative databases. We plotted maps of HBV diagnoses (acute and chronic) rate at the Dissemination Area level between 1990-2015 stratified by ethnicity and compared this distribution with injection drug use (IDU) distribution in BC.
ResultsThe distribution of HBV varied considerably by ethnicity. From 1990 to 2015, a higher rate of HBV infection was found among East Asians and Caucasians followed by South Asians and other ethnicities. East Asians with highest rates were mainly concentrated in Vancouver city, Burnaby and Richmond (Metro Vancouver) while South Asians with highest rates were mostly concentrated in urban areas in Surrey and Abbotsford. Caucasians with higher rates were clustered in Downtown Eastside in Vancouver, Surrey and Abbotsford (Metro Vancouver) and urban areas in Greater Victoria (Vancouver Island), Prince George (Northern BC) and Kamloops (Interior BC). The distribution of IDU closely followed the distribution of HBV among Caucasians but did not align with other ethnic groups.
Conclusion/ImplicationsResults highlight distinct areas of HBV infection clustering by ethnicity, which differ from areas with high IDU distribution except in Caucasians. Findings support ethnicity-based HBV screening/prevention and care services to areas with immigrants from HBV-endemic countries and integrated HBV and harm reduction services for early diagnosis and treatment in Caucasians.