Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hepatitis B Victoria

Academic literature on the topic 'Hepatitis B Victoria'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hepatitis B Victoria"

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FAYYAZ, MOHAMMAD, Muhammad Ayub Khan, MASROOR ALI QAZI, Ghulam Mohyud Din `Chaudhary, and GULZAR AHMED. "HEPATITIS B, C & HIV." Professional Medical Journal 13, no. 04 (December 16, 2006): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2006.13.04.4941.

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV in healthyblood donors in Blood Transfusion Services, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Design: Prospective observationalstudy. Setting: Blood Transfusion Services, Bahawal Victoria Hospital (BVH), affiliated with Quaid-e-Azam medicalCollege Bahawalpur. Period: From 1 January t st o 31st December 2005. Methods and Materials: All the personscoming for blood donations , at the BVH facility, were included. Clinically anaemic, ill, past history of jaundice and ageof less than 18 or more than 50 years were excluded. All the donors (27938) from various areas of Bahawalpur,Bahawalnagar, Lodhran, Vehari and Rahim Yar Khan districts, were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs)Antigen, hepatitis C antibody (Anti HCV) & Human Immuno-deficiency Virus Antibody (Anti-HIV)on sera by one StepTest Device. All the positives cases were confirmed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay. Results: Out of total27938, 25420(91%) were male. Mean age was 28 years with age range 18-50. No HIV positive case was detected.HBV was 2.69%, slightly more than HCV, 2.52%. Males were significantly (p<0.02) more infected than females.Conclusion: Risk of transmission of viral hepatitis is a major problem of blood transfusion. Frequency of viral hepatitisin blood donors is higher in our area as compared to rest of the world. HIV infection is very low. Preventive strategiesinclude good blood transfusion services along with safe sex and other measures.
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Thompson, Sandra C., and Maureen Norris. "Hepatitis B Vaccination of Personnel Employed in Victorian Hospitals: Are Those at Risk Adequately Protected?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 20, no. 01 (January 1999): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501552.

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AbstractObjective:To examine the policies and practices in hospitals within the state of Victoria, Australia, with respect to vaccination of staff against hepatitis B infection.Design:A written self-administered questionnaire to be completed by the infection control officer (or designated officer for hepatitis B vaccination) within each hospital.Setting:Public (teaching and nonteaching) and private hospitals, including metropolitan and rural institutions in Victoria.Participants:A random sample of 30% of Victorian hospitals were asked to participate in the survey. Of 78 eligible institutions, 69 (88%) completed and returned questionnaires.Results:There was no consistent hepatitis B prevention policy in place across Victoria. Of the 69 responding hospitals, 63 (91%) offered hepatitis B vaccination to staff, and 58 (84%) of these also paid all costs of vaccination. Of the 63 hospitals offering vaccination to staff, 39 offered vaccination to all staff, 23 offered vaccination based on job title, and one offered vaccination based on anticipated exposure. In many institutions, postexposure protocols were recalled more readily than preexposure vaccination guidelines. Numerous respondents indicated a need for clear guidelines on policy and clarification on practical matters of management, such as acceptable immune levels, management of nonresponders to the primary series, and the need for, and timing of, booster doses of vaccine. Eleven (18%) of the 63 hospitals offering hepatitis B vaccination to staff undertook routine prevaccination screening, a practice not generally regarded as cost-effective in Australia. Fifty-five of these hospitals (91%) also undertook postvaccination screening.Conclusions:It is evident from this study that a considerable number of potentially susceptible healthcare personnel in Victorian hospitals remain unprotected against hepatitis B infection. A more reliable and consistent approach to preexposure hepatitis B vaccination is recommended
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van Gemert, Caroline, Wayne Dimech, Mark Stoove, Rebecca Guy, Jess Howell, Scott Bowden, Suellen Nicholson, et al. "Tracking the uptake of outcomes of hepatitis B virus testing using laboratory data in Victoria, 2011–16: a population-level cohort study." Sexual Health 16, no. 4 (2019): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh18102.

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Background A priority area in the 2016 Victorian Hepatitis B Strategy is to increase diagnostic testing. This study describes hepatitis B testing and positivity trends in Victoria between 2011 and 2016 using data from a national laboratory sentinel surveillance system. Methods: Line-listed diagnostic and monitoring hepatitis B testing data among Victorian individuals were collated from six laboratories participating in the Australian Collaboration for Coordinated Enhanced Sentinel Surveillance (ACCESS) of sexually transmissible infections and blood-borne viruses. Diagnostic tests included hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-only tests and guideline-based hepatitis B tests (defined as a single test event for HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antibody and hepatitis B core antibody). Using available data, the outcomes of testing and/or infection were further classified. Measures reported include the total number of HBsAg and guideline-based tests conducted and the proportion positive, classified as either HBsAg positive or chronic hepatitis B infection. Results: The number of HBsAg tests decreased slightly each year between 2011 and 2016 (from 91043 in 2011 to 79664 in 2016; P &lt; 0.001), whereas the number of guideline-based hepatitis B tests increased (from 8732 in 2011 to 16085 in 2016; P &lt;0.001). The proportion of individuals classified as having chronic infection decreased from 25% in 2011 to 7% in 2016, whereas the proportion classified as susceptible and immune due to vaccination increased (from 29% to 39%, and from 27% to 34%, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The study findings indicate an increased uptake of guideline-based hepatitis B testing. The ongoing collection of testing data can help monitor progress towards implementation of the Victorian Hepatitis B Strategy.
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Jimenez, Gabriela, George Alex, Georgia Paxton, Thomas G. Connell, and Winita Hardikar. "B Alert: Hepatitis B virus infection in children in Victoria." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 49, no. 3 (March 2013): E213—E216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpc.12115.

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AHMAD, AMEER, ABDUL REHMAN, and GHULAM QASIM KHAN KHICHI. "HEPATITIS B MARKERS." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 02 (September 6, 2007): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.02.4894.

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Objective: To determine the transmission of Hepatitis B virus from infectedmother to their newborns. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Pediatrics Ward-2 and Gynecology &Obstetric Department Bahawal Victoria Hospital/Quaid-e-Azam Medical College Bahawalpur. Period: From August2004 to December 2005 Material and Methods: A total of 300 pregnant ladies admitted in the gynecological andobstetric department for delivery were screened for HBsAG, HBeAG, HBcAB, HBsAB, and HBeAB. The newborns ofthe mothers with HBsAG and HBeAG were tested for the same antigens at the time of birth and the ones who werepositives for the antigens were labeled as having “vertical infection” through placenta. Results were tabulated; incidenceof hepatitis was calculated. RESULTS: HBsAG was positive in 37(12.3%) out of the 300 enrolled mothers. Out of the37 babies born to 37 hepatitis B positive mothers, 4(21%) newborns were positive for HBsAG.In the mothers of theseinfected newborns, HBeAG was present in 3 while one mother did not have HBeAG. CONCLUSION: Universal prenatalscreening for hepatitis B in all the pregnant women and protection of their off springs should be provided both by activeand passive prophylaxis immediately after birth depending upon their serological status.
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Sinclair, M., S. Roberts, W. Kemp, V. Knight, A. Dev, P. Gow, H. Philpott, et al. "Epidemiology of hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Victoria." Internal Medicine Journal 43, no. 5 (May 2013): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.12068.

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MacLachlan, Jennifer H., and Benjamin C. Cowie. "Uptake and trends in ordering of funded hepatitis B immunisation for priority populations in Victoria, Australia, 2013–2014." Sexual Health 14, no. 2 (2017): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh16002.

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Background The Department of Health and Human Services in Victoria provides funded hepatitis B vaccine to many priority groups at risk of acquiring infection. We aimed to determine the uptake of vaccine ordering for at-risk groups over time, to assess any trends and identify any gaps in prevention of hepatitis B for those at risk. Methods: Routinely collected administrative data regarding the indication for vaccine ordered by practitioners were analysed for the period June 2013 to December 2014. Number of doses and courses distributed was determined and compared with the estimated size of the priority populations. Results: During the 18-month period assessed, 20 498 doses of funded hepatitis B vaccine were ordered, equating to ~5700 complete courses, with the overall number of orders per quarter increasing between 2013 and 2014. The most common indication was being a household or sexual contact of people living with hepatitis B (2803 courses, 49.2% of the total), equating to approximately one course per new chronic hepatitis B notification. The remaining doses were largely distributed to people living with HIV (648 courses, 11.4%), people living with hepatitis C (621 courses, 10.9%), and people who inject drugs (594 courses, 10.4%). Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates that access to hepatitis B immunisation among priority populations appears to have increased in Victoria during 2013–14, however it could still be improved. Continued assessment of these data over time will be important to measure the impact of interventions on increasing the reach of the funded vaccine program.
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Adamson, E., N. Yussf, and E. Schreiber. "Using Liver Cancer Prevention Messages to Scale up the Diagnosis and Treatment of People Living With Hepatitis B." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 132s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.32800.

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Background and context: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major public health issue in Australia, affecting an estimated 238,000 people. If not appropriately managed, chronic hepatitis B infection can cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. Liver cancer has the fastest increasing incidence rate of all cancers in Australia, and its survival is among the lowest. To reduce the burden of liver cancer, more people with CHB need to be diagnosed and treated. The majority of people living in Australia with CHB (61%) were born overseas, and research indicates people have low levels of understanding about hepatitis B, and its link to liver cancer. Cancer Council Victoria developed several communication campaigns to increase testing and diagnosis for hepatitis B in the Vietnamese and south Sudanese communities living in Victoria. Aim: •To raise awareness about hepatitis B and the link to liver cancer in the Vietnamese and south Sudanese community •To increase understanding about diagnosis, vaccination and management •To mobilize the community to talk to their trusted GP about hepatitis and to be tested. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign strategy was designed to address the knowledge barriers to testing for these two communities. To inform the strategy, qualitative focus groups and community interviews were used to identify perceptions of hepatitis B and liver cancer, as well as the barriers and motivators to testing. Both communities identified their local doctor as a trusted source of health information. Two media campaigns were developed featuring a known doctor from each community. An additional campaign was tailored specifically for young south Sudanese people using hip hop music as method of disseminating key messages about liver cancer prevention. Program/Policy process: The campaigns were designed by the Screening, Early Detection and Immunization Team at Cancer in Council Victoria, Australia. Outcomes: Digital metrics and face to face interviews with community members, nurses and doctors were used to assess the impact of the campaigns. Evaluation results also indicated people did visit their doctor to talk about hepatitis B. The success in motivating people to see their doctor was attributed to the campaigns featuring a message about liver cancer being caused by hepatitis B, and it being led by a known and respected doctor from their own community. What was learned: Cancer organizations can target liver cancer prevention efforts to · increase awareness about liver cancer and hepatitis B in at risk communities; · motivate at risk people to visit their doctor for hepatitis B testing, vaccination and treatment by linking the prevention of liver cancer to hepatitis treatment; · tailor communications to the specific needs of different culturally diverse communities; · collaborate closely with communities from culturally diverse backgrounds to ensure campaign messages and calls to action are culturally appropriate.
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Thompson, S. C., R. E. Goudey, A. M. Breschkin, J. Carnie, and M. Catton. "Exposure to hepatitis B and C of tattooists in Victoria in 1984." Journal of Viral Hepatitis 4, no. 2 (March 1997): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2893.1997.tb00216.x.

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Oman, Kimberly M., John Carnie, and Tilman Ruff. "Hepatitis B immunisation coverage of infants born to chronic carrier mothers in Victoria." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 21, no. 7 (December 1997): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.1997.tb01788.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hepatitis B Victoria"

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Mancke, Lida Victoria [Verfasser], and Maura [Akademischer Betreuer] Dandri. "Humanized chimeric uPA mouse model for the study of Hepatitis B and D virus interactions and preclinical drug evaluation / Lida Victoria Mancke. Betreuer: Maura Dandri." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032990562/34.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hepatitis B Victoria"

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Frank, Yitzchak. "Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities Associated with Liver Disease and Wilson Disease." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0021.

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Liver diseases may be associated with neurological abnormalities, more commonly with central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction (Lewis and Howdle 2003; Lockwood 1995; Raskin and Rowland 1995; Steinberg and Frank 1993; Victor and Rothstein 1992). Consequently, cognitive and behavioral abnormalities are commonly present in patients with acute and chronic liver disease. Cognitive impairment may include impairments of memory, attention, and executive and motor functions, can be initially mild and then progress into overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) (Collie 2005; O’Carroll 2007). Specific patterns of cognitive dysfunction have been investigated. Selective attention deficits and abnormalities of motor skills in the absence of impairment in general intellect, language, or visuospatial skills have been described, suggesting abnormalities of the basal ganglia as the pathophysiology for cognitive dysfunction in cirrhotic patients, at least in the early stages of HE (McCrea et al. 1996). We need to be aware of the fact that cognitive abnormalities may also be related to the etiology of liver disease (hepatitis C virus, Wilson disease, alcoholic liver disease [ADL]). Chronic alcoholism, a common etiology for liver disease in adults, may cause cognitive impairment of executive functions, including working memory, independent of the effect of the liver disease or impairment in the formation and retrieval of new memory in the case of Wernicke- Korsakoff disease. When ALD is present in addition to alcoholism, the result may be an increased severity of the same profile of deficits. Central and peripheral nervous system manifestations can be part of an infection with hepatitis virus. Encephalitis, myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and polymyositis are infrequent complications of hepatitis A and B (Peters 1989). Central nervous system manifestations of these diseases include encephalopathy, pyramidal signs, and myoclonus. Similarly, hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection may be associated with extrahepatic syndromes including those affecting the nervous system (Hilsabek 2003). Circulating immune complexes containing hepatitis B antigens have been detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult patients at the height of neurologic symptoms, but it is unclear whether this is due to intrathecal synthesis or whether it reflects blood–brain barrier dysfunction (Peters 1989).
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