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Journal articles on the topic 'Hepatitis A Vaccination'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Arnold, Jana Nele, Nils Gundlach, Irina Böckelmann, and Stefan Sammito. "Impfstatus von jungen Arbeitnehmern – Eine Erhebung bei Berufsanfängern der Bundeswehr." ASU Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin 2020, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 770–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asu-2012-8715.

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Vaccination status of young employees: A survey of entrants in the Bundeswehr (German Federal Armed Forces) Objectives: In addition to the recommendations of the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) at the Robert-Koch-Institut, there are also jobrelated vaccination recommendations for special occupational groups. This applies equally to soldiers, but there is insufficient scientific data on vaccination rates. For this reason, the following study examined the extent of the vaccination gaps among young people entering the armed forces. Methods: As part of a cross-sectional study at Rotenburg (Wümme), Lower Saxony, the existing vaccination rates among soldiers in relation to tetanus, diphtheria, poliomyelitis, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis A, hepatitis B and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were recorded and compared statistically between the three recruitment quarters (II/ to IV/2016). Results: The vaccination booklets of 247 recruits (age: 20.5 ± 2.7 years) from three quarters were recorded. The rate of unavailable vaccination booklets was 23.1 %. The vaccination rates were between 2 % for TBE and 75 % for measles. Whilst low vaccination protection rates were identified for TBE and hepatitis A/B in particular, the rates were also found to be as low as 44–60 % for the „typical“ tetanus, poliomyelitis and diphtheria vaccinations. There were high numbers of „expired“ full protection: these ranged from 19 % (diphtheria) to 50 % (hepatitis B). Conclusions: The results of the study indicate a clear lack of vaccination protection in a random sample of German citizens with an average age of 20 who started their service in the Bundeswehr as young professionals. Although, as expected, this was very low for vaccinations that are not standard STIKO vaccinations (hepatitis A, TBE), there were also significant vaccine deficiencies in the vaccinations recommended by STIKO in the young adults examined here. Keywords: military – vaccination – prevention – infection disease

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Cassimos, Dimitrios C., Evgnosia Effraimidou, Snezana Medic, Theoharis Konstantinidis, Maria Theodoridou, and Helena C. Maltezou. "Vaccination Programs for Adults in Europe, 2019." Vaccines 8, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010034.

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Background: While all European countries implement vaccination programs for children, there are gaps in terms of vaccination programs for adults. Methods: We studied the 2019 vaccination policies for adults in 42 European countries. Results: Vaccination programs for adults were in place in all countries. However, there were considerable differences between countries in terms of number of vaccinations, target populations and frame of implementation (recommended or mandatory vaccinations). In particular the following vaccination policies were in place: influenza (42 countries), tetanus (31), diphtheria (30), pneumococcus (29), hepatitis B (20), pertussis (18), measles (14), human papilloma virus (14), meningococcus tetravalent A,C,W,Y (14), rubella (13), hepatitis A (11), mumps (11), poliomyelitis (10), herpes zoster (9), varicella (8), tick-born encephalitis (8), meningococcus B (6), rabies (6), Haemophilus influenzae type b (5), tuberculosis (3), typhoid fever (3), meningococcus C (2), and yellow fever (1). Seventeen countries implement mandatory vaccinations, mainly against diphtheria, tetanus and hepatitis B. Conclusions: There are significant differences in vaccination programs for adults in Europe. Routine vaccination programs for adults need to be strengthened. A consensus-based vaccination program is needed.

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Lee, Jin Young, Ji Young Park, Young Hee Lee, Je Hun Kim, and Jong Woo Park. "Changes in the vaccination rate among healthcare workers in response to hospital policies." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, no. 04 (April 30, 2018): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.9940.

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Introduction: Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infectious disease among healthcare workers (HCWs). Although HCWs are recommended to receive vaccination, the vaccination rates have been low. We sought to investigate the effect of HCWs’ vaccination recommendation program by the types of enforcement and influencing factors on compliance, with the aim of enhancing their immunity. Methodology: First and second interventions were carried out. During the first intervention, vaccinations were recommended through official documents. Hepatitis B vaccination was mandatory. Diphtheria toxoid, acellular pertussis (Tdap) and Hepatitis A vaccinations were recommended without financial support. MMR and varicella vaccinations were recommended with fees for the antibody test were covered by the hospital. One-to-one consultation (OC) regarding vaccination was held in the second intervention. Aside from the OC, the second intervention followed the same procedure as the first intervention for the antibody tests and vaccination, but differed in that pertussis vaccination fees were covered. Results: The immunization rates for infectious diseases were greater after the second intervention than the first intervention. The rate of immunized HCWs with hepatitis B virus was 100% at the end of the second intervention. The greatest increase in immunization rates from the first to the second intervention was that for pertussis, and the second greatest was that for hepatitis A. Age and working units were influencing factors on hepatitis A vaccine compliance. Conclusions: In order to increase vaccination rates, efforts must be made to deliver information to individual HCWs through OC as well as financial support including a mandatory policy.

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Varughese, Tilly, Michael Song, and Joachim Sackey. "1379. Vaccination Rates among Liver Transplant Recipients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Newark, NJ." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S775—S776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1571.

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Abstract Background Transplant candidates and recipients are at increased risk of infectious complications of vaccine-preventable diseases due to their longstanding immunosuppressive regimens. We assessed the rates of vaccination in our liver transplant patients at University Hospital (UH) in Newark, NJ. Methods Retrospective chart-review including patients > 18 years old who underwent liver transplantation at UH for a 3-year period from 01/01/2017 to 07/20/2020. Data collected included demographics, clinical outcomes, eligibility and receipt of vaccinations before and after transplantation, protection titers after administration of hepatitis vaccinations and presence of an ID outpatient consultation. We looked at the following receipt of vaccinations: Prevnar-13, Pneumovax-23, Influenza, TDaP, Shingrix, Varivax, Havrix and Engerix/Heplisav. Characteristics of study participants was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square/Fisher’s Exact tests were used to test associations. Results 119 unique medical charts were reviewed and no patients were excluded. Of those patients who were eligible to receive Hepatitis A vaccination, only 44.8% were documented to receive vaccination and of those eligible to receive Hepatitis B vaccination, only 47.8% received it. Influenza vaccination pre-transplantation was 46% and 66.1% in post-transplant recipients. For the other vaccinations, during the pre-transplant period, 17.6 % of patients received Prevnar-13, 36.1% Pneumovax-23 and 20.2% TDaP and 26.1% received Shingrix. Patients who had ID consultation were significantly more likely to receive appropriate Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B vaccinations (p values 0.026 and 0.005). Conclusion We are not meeting national vaccination standards set by the American Society of Transplantation (AST) for optimal vaccination in this population. Our study can inform of possible solutions to increase vaccination rates in this population such as the simple addition of a smartphrase within EMR notes to remind providers to order appropriate vaccinations and eventually, a more long term solution of creation of a dedicated vaccination clinic and/or routine ID pre-transplant evaluations for all transplant candidates. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Dsouza, Nikhil, and Manjunath Jeevanna Kulkarni. "Evaluating the efficacy of the hepatitis B vaccination in haemodialysis patients." Journal of Kidney Care 7, no. 6 (November 2, 2022): 279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jokc.2022.7.6.279.

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Background: The vaccination of dialysis patients against hepatitis B is a standard of care. Data suggests that seroconversion following this vaccination is poor in dialysis patients. Methods: The authors compared the response of 67 incident dialysis patients who had received the hepatitis B vaccination to that of healthy subjects. Results: The authors found that only 60% of haemodialysis patients vaccinated against hepatitis B developed an immune response. Conclusions: Haemodialysis patients have a suboptimal response to hepatitis B vaccinations as compared to that of general population.

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6

Guo, Na, Jian Wang, Stephen Nicholas, Elizabeth Maitland, and Dawei Zhu. "Behavioral Differences in the Preference for Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination: A Discrete Choice Experiment." Vaccines 8, no. 3 (September 14, 2020): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030527.

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Understanding behavioral factors differences in the preferences for vaccinations can improve predictions of vaccine uptake rates and identify effective policy interventions to increase the demand for vaccinations. In this study, 353 adults in Shandong province in China were interviewed about their preferences for hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was employed to analyze the preference for HBV vaccinations, and a mixed logit model was used to estimate respondent preferences for vaccination attributes included in the DCE. While the protection rate against hepatitis B (HB), duration of protection, risk of side-effects, and vaccination cost were shown to influence adults’ preferences for HBV vaccination, adults valued “99% hepatitis B protection” above other attributes, followed by “20 years’ protection duration” and “1 in 150,000 risk of side-effects”. Individuals with lower time discount rates, non-overconfidence, or higher risk aversion were more likely to choose a vaccine. Lower risk aversion individuals showed a higher preference for lower risk of side-effects. Lower time discount rate individuals showed a higher preference for longer protection duration. Non-overconfidence individuals showed a higher preference for higher hepatitis B protection and cost. Interventions should be targeted to the behavioral determinants impeding vaccination.

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Maltezou, Helena C., Christos Rahiotis, Maria Tseroni, Phoebus Madianos, and Ioannis Tzoutzas. "Attitudes toward Vaccinations and Vaccination Coverage Rates among Dental Students in Greece." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052879.

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Our aim was to study attitudes toward vaccinations, full vaccination rates and susceptibility rates against vaccine-preventable diseases among students attending a University Dental School. A total of 134 students were studied. Full vaccination rates were as follows: 56.5% against measles and mumps, 70.6% against rubella, 32.3% against varicella, 44.1% against hepatitis A, 45.9% against hepatitis B, and 87.7% against COVID-19. In the past decade, 63.2% of students had received a booster shot against tetanus–diphtheria, 47.8% against pertussis, and 28.1% against poliomyelitis, while 29.4% of students had been vaccinated against influenza in the past year. Susceptibility rates were 40.4% for measles, 42.4% for mumps, 28.3% for rubella, 32.3% for varicella, 55.3% for hepatitis A, 54.1% for hepatitis B, 36.8% for tetanus–diphtheria, 52.2% for pertussis, and 71.9% for poliomyelitis. Overall, 123 (91.8%) students favored mandatory vaccinations, mainly for all dentists (88.4%), while 11.6% of students favored them only for dentists who provide care to high-risk patients. In conclusion, most dental students favored mandatory vaccinations, yet we found significant vaccination gaps and susceptibility rates against vaccine-preventable diseases. Vaccinations for dental students should be intensified. A national vaccination registry for healthcare personnel including dental students is urgently needed.

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Mikhailov, M. I., and K. K. Kyuregyan. "Contemporary strategy to control viral hepatitis A in the Russian Federation." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology 98, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-103.

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The problem of choosing a strategy to control hepatitis A in the Russian Federation remains relevant for the health care of our country. By strategy we mean a scientifically based program of action that defines the priorities and resources needed to effectively control hepatitis A.The aim of the work is to present a strategy to control hepatitis A in the Russian Federation, taking into account the realities of today. Based on the analysis of Russian and international studies, we present answers to the questions that should be addressed before the choosing a strategy to control hepatitis A in the Russian Federation. The low incidence of hepatitis A creates a false image of the favorable situation with this infection. The rationale is given to include vaccination against hepatitis A in the National Vaccination Schedule in the section of mandatory vaccinations. Routine vaccination of children aged 24 and 36 months will lay the foundation for future protection against this infection. We consider the creating a National Hepatitis A Vaccination Program as an important aim. The implementation of such a program will allow full control of hepatitis A in the Russian Federation.

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Kuznetsova, O. A., A. A. Golubkova, and N. V. Bashmakova. "Modern Practices of Vaccination of Children from Perinatal Risk Groups and Necessary Precaution." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 19, no. 5 (November 11, 2020): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2020-19-5-98-103.

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Relevance. In perinatal centres problems of timely vaccination of newborns arise more often than in maternity hospitals, as vaccinations against viral hepatitis B and tuberculosis in accordance with the National Calendar are carried out in an early neonatal period and in time coincide with the stage of treatment and rehabilitation of the newborn, which implies medical withdrawal from vaccination. Vaccination of newborns from high perinatal risk groups is one of the problems of modern vaccinology and immunology.Aims. On the basis of clinical and immunological characteristics of postnatal babies from mothers with gestational diabetes and fetoplacental insufficiency justify the necessity and safety of their vaccination in the maternity hospital of the perinatal center.Materials & Methods. A cohort retrospective case-control study was conducted, and 135 birth and developmental history and newborn disease were analyzed. Statistical processing was carried out package «Statistica».Results. The main nosological forms of pathology in maternity mothers and their newborn children, the volume of primary vaccination (against viral hepatitis B, tuberculosis) in maternity hospital in children with perinatal pathology and healthy newborns have been determined, and the reasons for medical contraindications to vaccinations against viral hepatitis B and tuberculosis have been established.Conclusions. Newborns from high perinatal risk groups can be vaccinated against viral hepatitis B and tuberculosis in the maternity hospital within the time frame specified by the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations. In addressing this issue, the fundamental criteria are to assess the clinical condition of newborns from women with gestational diabetes and fetoplacental insufficiency. Changes in immunological values of umbilical cord blood and in children of 1 month of life are not a criterion for medical withdrawal from vaccinations against viral hepatitis B and tuberculosis.

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10

Abdel-Rahman, Omar. "Patterns and association of vaccination among adults with a history of cancer in the USA: a population-based study." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 10, no. 11 (August 2021): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0251.

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Aim: To assess the association of vaccination status among adults with history of cancer in a population-based cohort in the USA. Materials & methods: National Health Interview Survey datasets (2008–2018) have been accessed and information about the patterns and associations of the following vaccinations were collected (influenza vaccination, pneumococcal vaccination, hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis A vaccination and shingles vaccination). Association of different sociodemographic variables with each of the above types of vaccination was studied through multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Private health insurance (vs no private insurance) was associated with higher percentages of recommended vaccination (influenza vaccination: 65 vs 59.7%; pneumococcal vaccination: 74.9 vs 68.8%; hepatitis B vaccination: 22.9 vs 19.3%; hepatitis A vaccination: 10.1 vs 8.6%; shingles vaccination: 33.8 vs 26.7%; p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Within multivariable logistic regression analyses, African American race, lower education and lower income were associated with less probability of adherence to recommended vaccination (for influenza vaccination; odds ratio (OR) for black race vs white race: 0.785; 95% CI: 0.717–0.859; OR for ≤high school vs >high school education: 0.763; 95% CI: 0.723–0.805; OR for income ≤US$45,000 vs >US$45,000: 0.701; 95% CI: 0.643–0.764). Conclusion: There is evidence of socio-economic disparities in adherence to recommended vaccination among this cohort of cancer survivors in the USA. More efforts need to be done to ensure that recommended vaccination is being delivered to all cancer survivors in need (including enhancing coverage and awareness to under-represented groups of the society).

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Jefferson, Tom, Vittorio Demicheli, and David Wright. "An Economic Evaluation of the Introduction of Vaccination Against Hepatitis a in a Peacekeeping Operation: The Case of the United Nations Protection Force in Yugoslavia." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 10, no. 3 (1994): 490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646230000670x.

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AbstractThe costs and benefits of vaccinating troops on United Nations tours in Yugoslavia against hepatitis A were compared. The marginal cost of one case of hepatitis A avoided by vaccination was calculated and compared with the marginal cost of achieving the same outcome by passive immunization. The cost-benefit ratio (medium estimate) for troops at low risk of contracting hepatitis A was 0.01 and for those at high risk was 0.03.Vaccinating troops against hepatitis A for a single deployment appears to be an inefficient procedure, especially in troops at low risk. However, in professional troops from countries of low hepatitis A endemicity who are likely to be involved in several operational deployments, vaccination becomes more efficient the more times the same troops are deployed.

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Arnol, Richard S. "Hepatitis B vaccination." Medical Journal of Australia 146, no. 4 (February 1987): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb120219.x.

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Pollard, Andrew J. "Hepatitis B vaccination." BMJ 335, no. 7627 (November 8, 2007): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39315.677396.be.

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&NA;. "Hepatitis B Vaccination." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 32, no. 1 (January 1990): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199001000-00001.

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Zhang, Li. "Hepatitis A vaccination." Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 16, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1769389.

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16

Barnby, G. J. "Hepatitis vaccination uptake." British Dental Journal 163, no. 4 (August 1987): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4806210.

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&NA;. "Hepatitis A vaccination." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 838 (May 1992): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199208380-00027.

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LeLeu, L., and E. M. Shanahan. "Hepatitis B vaccination." BMJ 305, no. 6864 (November 21, 1992): 1295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6864.1295-b.

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19

Paynter, H. E., J. Clarke, A. McArley, and A. J. Williams. "Hepatitis B vaccination." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 12, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 623–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/12.3.623.

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20

Black, MaryE, Norman Begg, and R. H. Behrens. "Hepatitis A vaccination." Lancet 340, no. 8813 (July 1992): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90516-6.

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21

Lim, W. L., and E. K. Yeoh. "Hepatitis A vaccination." Lancet 339, no. 8788 (February 1992): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)91372-f.

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Van Damme, Pierre, Guy Tormans, and Eddy Van Doorslaer. "Hepatitis A vaccination." Lancet 340, no. 8819 (September 1992): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92157-b.

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23

Thompson, Sandra C., and Tilman A. Ruff. "Hepatitis B Vaccination." Clinical Immunotherapeutics 3, no. 1 (January 1995): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03259050.

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24

Themyaola, Ningshen, and A. L. Bairwa. "Hepatitis B vaccination." Indian Pediatrics 49, no. 12 (December 2012): 994–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13312-012-0229-8.

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25

Coutinho, R. A. "Hepatitis B vaccination." Journal of Virological Methods 10, no. 4 (April 1985): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-0934(85)90049-7.

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McKenzie, Cheryl. "Hepatitis B Vaccination." AAOHN Journal 40, no. 11 (November 1992): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507999204001102.

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Mendenhall, Charles, Gary A. Roselle, Lisa A. Lybecker, Laine E. Marshall, Charles J. Grossman, Steven A. Myre, Robert E. Weesner, and David D. Morgan. "Hepatitis B vaccination." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 33, no. 3 (March 1988): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01535747.

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Romanò, Luisa, Sara Paladini, Cristina Galli, Giovanni Raimondo, Teresa Pollicino, and Alessandro R. Zanetti. "Hepatitis B vaccination." Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 11, no. 1 (November 2014): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.34306.

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Pallecaros, A., and A. Robinson. "Hepatitis B vaccination." BMJ 312, no. 7033 (March 23, 1996): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7033.777b.

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30

Orli, Tom, and Miguel R. Arguedas. "Hepatitis a vaccination." Current Hepatitis Reports 5, no. 2 (May 2006): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11901-006-0002-3.

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Min, Albert D., Aaron Walsh, and Henry C. Bodenheimer. "Hepatitis b vaccination." Current Hepatitis Reports 5, no. 2 (May 2006): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11901-006-0004-1.

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Geier, Mark R., and David A. Geier. "Hepatitis B Vaccination Safety." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 36, no. 3 (March 2002): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1a304.

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BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that adult hepatitis B vaccination may be associated with adverse reactions. OBJECTIVE: To further examine the relative risk, percentage association, and statistical significance of arthritic, immunologic, and gastrointestinal adverse reactions reported after adult hepatitis B vaccination compared with control vaccines. DESIGN: The Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) database was analyzed for the incidence of adverse reactions after adult hepatitis B immunization compared with the incidence of adverse reactions reported to VAERS about vaccine control groups. SETTING: The medical and scientific communities have generally accepted that hepatitis B vaccine, a highly purified, genetically engineered single-antigen vaccine, is a safe vaccine. METHODS: The VAERS database was analyzed from 1997 to 2000 for adverse reactions associated with adult hepatitis B vaccination and from 1991 to 2000 for adverse reactions reported about vaccine control groups. RESULTS: The results showed a statistically significant increase in the incidence of adverse reactions reported after adult hepatitis B vaccination when compared with the incidence of adverse reactions reported to VAERS about control vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: Patients and physicians need to be fully informed of the potential adverse reactions associated with hepatitis B vaccination so that together they can make an informed consent decision about the risk versus the benefit. Patients who may have had an associated adverse reaction to hepatitis B vaccine should be made aware that they may be eligible for compensation from the no-fault Vaccine Compensation Act, administered by the US Court of Claims. TRASFONDO: Estudios recientes sugieren que la vacunación para hepatitis B en adultos podría estar asociada con reacciones adversas.

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Janzen, L., G. Y. Minuk, M. Fast, and K. N. Bernstein. "Vaccine-induced hepatitis B surface antigen positivity in adult hemodialysis patients: incidental and surveillance data." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 7, no. 8 (August 1996): 1228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v781228.

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This report describes hepatitis B vaccinations that resulted in transient hepatitis B surface antigen positivity in six adult hemodialysis patients. Initially, three patients were incidentally discovered to be hepatitis B surface antigen-positive temporally related to hepatitis B vaccination. Two other patients who displayed transient positivity were among 15 hemodialysis patients under prospective surveillance after receiving a dose of hepatitis B vaccine. The sixth patient was negative for hepatitis B surface antigen when monitored in the prospective surveillance group but was incidentally found to be positive after a nonsurveillance dose of the vaccine. All positive cases cleared hepatitis B surface antigen within 20 days of vaccination. In our search of the literature, this is the first report of hepatitis B vaccine inducing hepatitis B surface antigen positivity in adult hemodialysis patients. Because this study proposes that this transient surface antigen positivity is vaccine-induced and not a true hepatitis B infection, we recommend that renal dialysis patients not be screened for hepatitis B surface antigen for at least 21 to 28 days after hepatitis B vaccination. As well, blood donors should not donate blood in this early postvaccination period. These guidelines would incorporate a measure of safety to prevent individuals in the early postinoculation period from being erroneously labeled as having hepatitis B viral infections.

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JACOBS, R. JAKE, STEVEN F. GROVER, ALLEN S. MEYERHOFF, and THOMAS A. PAIVANAS. "Cost Effectiveness of Vaccinating Food Service Workers against Hepatitis A Infection." Journal of Food Protection 63, no. 6 (June 1, 2000): 768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-63.6.768.

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Foodborne transmission is an important means of hepatitis A infection that may be reduced through vaccination of food service workers (FSWs). Several states are considering actions to encourage or mandate FSW vaccination, but the cost effectiveness of such policies has not been assessed. We estimated the clinical and economic consequences of vaccinating FSWs from the 10 states with the highest reported rates of hepatitis A. A decision analytic model was used to predict the effects of vaccinating FSWs at age 20 years. It was assumed all FSWs would receive one dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, and 50% would receive the second recommended dose. Parameter estimates were obtained from published reports and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention databases. The primary endpoint was cost per year of life saved (YOLS). Secondary endpoints were symptomatic infections, days of illness, deaths, and costs of hepatitis A treatment, public health intervention, and work loss. Each endpoint was considered separately for FSWs and patrons. We estimate vaccination of 100,000 FSWs would cost $8.1 million but reduce the costs of hepatitis A treatment, public health intervention, and work loss by $3.0 million, $2.3 million, and $3.1 million, respectively. Vaccination would prevent approximately 2,500 symptomatic infections, 93,000 days of illness, and 8 deaths. A vaccination policy would reduce societal costs while costing the health system $13,969 per YOLS, a ratio that exceeds generally accepted standards of cost effectiveness.

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Cahill, Jennifer A., Syed Rizvi, and Kia Saeian. "Assessment of Adherence to Baseline Quality Measures for Cirrhosis and the Impact of Performance Feedback in a Regional VA Medical Center." American Journal of Medical Quality 33, no. 3 (October 28, 2017): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860617736805.

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Baseline adherence to cirrhotic quality improvement measures was assessed and a system to improve adherence with provider performance feedback was developed, with impact of feedback measured over time. A 6-year retrospective database was created of cirrhotic patients seen between 2006 and 2012, and reviewed for hepatitis A and B serologies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening, variceal screening, and vaccinations. Cumulative performance feedback was distributed to providers. In all, 265 charts were reviewed retrospectively. Charts were reviewed prospectively at 30 days, 60 days, 6 months, and 12 months. Variceal screening, alpha-fetoprotein, HCC imaging, Pneumovax, lifetime influenza vaccination, hepatitis B vaccination, and hepatitis A serology compliance improved from baseline until 6 months. Hepatitis A vaccination declined at 60 days, but improved from baseline at 6 months. Hepatitis B serology improved from baseline over 12 months. Results were compared graphically. Periodic “cumulative provider performance feedback” is a simple and effective method to improve and maintain adherence to quality measures for cirrhosis.

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Pandey, Prativa, William Cave, and David R. Shlim. "Hepatitis A Post Hepatitis A Vaccination?" Journal of Travel Medicine 7, no. 4 (March 8, 2006): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7060.2000.00064.

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Srinivas, Vani, Tess Shajan, Sudheesh Muthuthodiyil Karippankunnath, Theertha Pradeep Reshmi, Vidhu Victor, and Sreelakshmi Ravindran P. "Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care workers in rural Kerala." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 3489. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212607.

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Background: Hepatitis B is one of the most important blood borne infection, the health care workers may acquire while providing care to the patients. The overall aim of this study was to estimate the Hepatitis B vaccine coverage and its determinants among health care workers.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in a rural tertiary care hospital in Palakkad district, of Kerala. We particularly looked for self-reported hepatitis B vaccination coverage and its determinants, using self-administered pretested questionnaire in 410 health workers. We calculated the proportions and looked for association between the various independent variables and dependent variables for vaccination coverage.Results: Out of 410 study participants, 119 (29%) of them were males and 291 (71%) of them were females. The mean age of the participant was 31.3 years and the range was between 19 to 70 years. 365 (89%) were vaccinated with atleast one dose of Hepatitis B Vaccine. Of these 306 (74.6%) had received all the 3 doses of vaccine, as per schedule. Gender and years of experience was not associated with the Hepatitis B vaccination status. However, variables like educational status, professional background was associated with hepatitis B vaccine coverage.Conclusions: The coverage of hepatitis B vaccine was high. Among those with incomplete vaccination few of them were waiting for completing the vaccination schedule in near future. Good hospital policies like vaccinating the new medical students and new employees were the main factors responsible for high vaccination coverage among the health care workers in our study.

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Poondi, Nivedha, Jysheng Hou, Sarah M. Michienzi, Mahesh C. Patel, and Melissa E. Badowski. "939. Immunity to Hepatitis A and/or Hepatitis B Viruses Among Inmates Living with HIV." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1125.

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Abstract Background Hepatitis A (HAV) and B viruses (HBV) are vaccine-preventable diseases where screening upon entry into prison provides an ideal public health opportunity to assess vaccination status and administer vaccination while incarcerated. Methods A retrospective, electronic medical record review evaluated incarcerated adults receiving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) telemedicine care in 26 prisons in Illinois, USA, from 01/01/19 through 12/31/19. Included subjects were living with HIV, incarcerated in the Illinois Department of Corrections (IDOC), and had available data for HAV/HBV serologies, viral load, and CD4 count during incarceration. The primary objective was to assess rates of HAV and/or HBV immunity in individuals with HIV. The secondary objective was to assess factors associated with vaccination status. Statistical analysis included Chi-squared testing and descriptive statistics. Results Among the 524 patients analyzed, the majority were Black men (75%) with an average age of 44 years. 429 patients had existing data for HAV vaccination where 79% had documented immunity. 397 patients had existing data for HBV vaccination where 5% had HBV infection, 1.4% had an equivocal HBV surface antibody and negative HBV surface antigen, and 70% had documented immunity. In total, 387 patients had existing data for HAV and HBV vaccination status where 213 (55%) were immune to both HAV and HBV while (7%) had no immunity to both HAV and HBV. Immunity did not vary based on CD4 count, age, gender, or race (p > 0.05). Conclusion Assessing serologies and providing Hepatitis A and B vaccinations while incarcerated, where indicated, can increase immunity to these vaccine-preventable viruses and thereby reduce transmission of HAV and HBV. This is of particular importance for patients living with HIV as this is an indication for vaccination. Based on these findings, the telemedicine study team has been able to assess serologies and advocate for vaccination for inmates living with HIV entering the IDOC. Over time, we expect our interventions to result in further improvements in rates of immunity. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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SUTTON, A. J., N. J. GAY, W. J. EDMUNDS, N. J. ANDREWS, V. D. HOPE, R. L. GILBERT, M. PIPER, and O. N. GILL. "Modelling the hepatitis B vaccination programme in prisons." Epidemiology and Infection 134, no. 2 (September 15, 2005): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268805005182.

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A vaccination programme offering hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine at reception into prison has been introduced into selected prisons in England and Wales. Over the coming years it is anticipated this vaccination programme will be extended. A model has been developed to assess the potential impact of the programme on the vaccination coverage of prisoners, ex-prisoners, and injecting drug users (IDUs). Under a range of coverage scenarios, the model predicts the change over time in the vaccination status of new entrants to prison, current prisoners and IDUs in the community. The model predicts that at baseline in 2012 57% of the IDU population will be vaccinated with up to 72% being vaccinated depending on the vaccination scenario implemented. These results are sensitive to the size of the IDU population in England and Wales and the average time served by an IDU during each prison visit. IDUs that do not receive HBV vaccine in the community are at increased risk from HBV infection. The HBV vaccination programme in prisons is an effective way of vaccinating this hard-to-reach population although vaccination coverage on prison reception must be increased to achieve this.

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Mohr, Arno, Mia Kloos, Christian Schulz, Michael Pfeifer, Bernd Salzberger, Stilla Bauernfeind, Florian Hitzenbichler, Annelie Plentz, Thomas Loew, and Myriam Koch. "Low Adherence to Pneumococcal Vaccination in Lung Cancer Patients in a Tertiary Care University Hospital in Southern Germany." Vaccines 10, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10020311.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the adherence to vaccinations, especially pneumococcal vaccinations, in lung cancer patients. Methods: the study was performed at the University Hospital Regensburg, Germany. All patients with a regular appointment scheduled between 1 December 2020 and 29 April 2021 and who provided informed consent were included. Available medical records, vaccination certificates, and a questionnaire were analyzed. Results: we included 136 lung cancer patients (NSCLC n = 113, 83.1%, SCLC n = 23, 16.9%). A correct pneumococcal vaccination according to national recommendations was performed in 9.4% (12/127) of the patients. A correct vaccination was performed for tetanus in 50.4% (66/131), diphtheria in 34.4% (44/128), poliomyelitis in 25.8% (33/128), tick-borne encephalitis in 40.7% (24/59), hepatitis A in 45.5% (7/11), hepatitis B in 38.5% (5/13), shingles in 3.0% (3/101), measles in 50.0% (3/6), pertussis in 47.7% (62/130), influenza in 54.4% (74/136), and meningococcal meningitis in 0% (0/2) of the patients. Conclusion: adherence to pneumococcal vaccinations, as well as to other vaccinations, is low in lung cancer patients.

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Machmud, Putri Bungsu, Saskia Glasauer, Cornelia Gottschick, and Rafael Mikolajczyk. "Knowledge, Vaccination Status, and Reasons for Avoiding Vaccinations against Hepatitis B in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review." Vaccines 9, no. 6 (June 9, 2021): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060625.

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(1) Background: The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination remains low in developing countries to date. This systematic review thus analyzes the determinants of people’s knowledge and vaccination status as well as the reasons why people in developing countries chose not to receive the hepatitis B vaccination. (2) Methods: We searched four databases to identify all studies from developing countries published within the past 10 years. Both low-risk and high-risk populations aged older than 15 years old were eligible for the study. The quality of studies was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale assessment. (3) Results: This study identified 2443 articles, 89 of which were included in the analysis. Monthly income, occupational status, and profession as a health-care worker were the strongest predictive factors for both knowledge of hepatitis B and vaccination status. In addition, strong predictor variables of hepatitis B knowledge were knowing an infected person and level of education, while health insurance, management’s protection at workplace, infection training, and experience of hepatitis B exposure were strong influencing factors for vaccine uptake. (4) Conclusions: Exposure to information, support from institutions, and financial support related to vaccination cost have a positive impact on the knowledge about hepatitis B infection and vaccination coverage.

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Zawadzka, Magdalena, and Ewelina Ejchman-Pac. "Analysis of the Number and Type of Vaccinations Performed among Polish Soldiers in 2018–2021." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 13724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113724.

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Vaccination is a very common topic, but it is rarely raised or discussed with respect to military members. Soldiers are one of the main professional groups to be immunized on a regular basis. The military actively participates in research on new vaccine preparations. This paper presents data from 2018–2021 on vaccination among Polish soldiers. The material obtained from the Central Register of Vaccination for Professional Soldiers was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The number of injections performed in a given period depends on the location of the ongoing missions and the vaccination schedule specific to a given Polish Military Contingent. In Poland, soldiers undergo preventive vaccinations in accordance with the scheme developed by the Armed Forces Operational Command, taking into account the specific nature of the service, epidemiological risks and the calendar of current preventive vaccinations. Soldiers serving abroad are immunized against typhoid, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, rabies, measles, tick-borne encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, polio, diphtheria, meningococcal disease, chickenpox, cholera and yellow fever. Regular vaccinations for soldiers are necessary to minimize the spread of infectious diseases, and they have a beneficial effect upon the effectiveness of military operations.

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Zuckerman, Jane. "Vaccination against viral hepatitis." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 10, no. 5 (October 1997): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001432-199710000-00011.

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Kretzschmar, Mirjam, and Ardine de Wit. "Universal hepatitis B vaccination." Lancet Infectious Diseases 8, no. 2 (February 2008): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(08)70003-3.

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Hahné, Susan, Mary Ramsay, and Roel Coutinho. "Universal hepatitis B vaccination." Lancet Infectious Diseases 8, no. 2 (February 2008): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(08)70004-5.

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Piazza, Marcello. "Universal hepatitis B vaccination." Lancet Infectious Diseases 8, no. 2 (February 2008): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(08)70005-7.

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&NA;. "INTRADERMAL HEPATITIS B VACCINATION." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 14, no. 8 (August 1995): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-199508000-00016.

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Veerappan, Ganesh R., Brian P. Mulhall, and Kent C. Holtzmuller. "Vaccination-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 50, no. 1 (January 2005): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-005-1303-z.

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Nguyen, Carolyn T., and Tram T. Tran. "Hepatitis Vaccination and Prophylaxis." Clinics in Liver Disease 13, no. 2 (May 2009): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2009.02.005.

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Sherman, Morris. "Hepatitis B Vaccination Strategies." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 8, no. 3 (1994): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/795347.

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