Academic literature on the topic 'Hemispheres'

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Journal articles on the topic "Hemispheres"

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Friedrich, Patrick, Kaustubh R. Patil, Lisa N. Mochalski, Xuan Li, Julia A. Camilleri, Jean-Philippe Kröll, Lisa Wiersch, Simon B. Eickhoff, and Susanne Weis. "Is it left or is it right? A classification approach for investigating hemispheric differences in low and high dimensionality." Brain Structure and Function 227, no. 2 (December 9, 2021): 425–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02418-1.

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AbstractHemispheric asymmetries, i.e., differences between the two halves of the brain, have extensively been studied with respect to both structure and function. Commonly employed pairwise comparisons between left and right are suitable for finding differences between the hemispheres, but they come with several caveats when assessing multiple asymmetries. What is more, they are not designed for identifying the characterizing features of each hemisphere. Here, we present a novel data-driven framework—based on machine learning-based classification—for identifying the characterizing features that underlie hemispheric differences. Using voxel-based morphometry data from two different samples (n = 226, n = 216), we separated the hemispheres along the midline and used two different pipelines: First, for investigating global differences, we embedded the hemispheres into a two-dimensional space and applied a classifier to assess if the hemispheres are distinguishable in their low-dimensional representation. Second, to investigate which voxels show systematic hemispheric differences, we employed two classification approaches promoting feature selection in high dimensions. The two hemispheres were accurately classifiable in both their low-dimensional (accuracies: dataset 1 = 0.838; dataset 2 = 0.850) and high-dimensional (accuracies: dataset 1 = 0.966; dataset 2 = 0.959) representations. In low dimensions, classification of the right hemisphere showed higher precision (dataset 1 = 0.862; dataset 2 = 0.894) compared to the left hemisphere (dataset 1 = 0.818; dataset 2 = 0.816). A feature selection algorithm in the high-dimensional analysis identified voxels that most contribute to accurate classification. In addition, the map of contributing voxels showed a better overlap with moderate to highly lateralized voxels, whereas conventional t test with threshold-free cluster enhancement best resembled the LQ map at lower thresholds. Both the low- and high-dimensional classifiers were capable of identifying the hemispheres in subsamples of the datasets, such as males, females, right-handed, or non-right-handed participants. Our study indicates that hemisphere classification is capable of identifying the hemisphere in their low- and high-dimensional representation as well as delineating brain asymmetries. The concept of hemisphere classifiability thus allows a change in perspective, from asking what differs between the hemispheres towards focusing on the features needed to identify the left and right hemispheres. Taking this perspective on hemispheric differences may contribute to our understanding of what makes each hemisphere special.
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Hsiao, Janet H., Ben Cipollini, and Garrison W. Cottrell. "Hemispheric Asymmetry in Perception: A Differential Encoding Account." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 7 (July 2013): 998–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00377.

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Hemispheric asymmetry in the processing of local and global features has been argued to originate from differences in frequency filtering in the two hemispheres, with little neurophysiological support. Here we test the hypothesis that this asymmetry takes place at an encoding stage beyond the sensory level, due to asymmetries in anatomical connections within each hemisphere. We use two simple encoding networks with differential connection structures as models of differential encoding in the two hemispheres based on a hypothesized generalization of neuroanatomical evidence from the auditory modality to the visual modality: The connection structure between columns is more distal in the language areas of the left hemisphere and more local in the homotopic regions in the right hemisphere. We show that both processing differences and differential frequency filtering can arise naturally in this neurocomputational model with neuroanatomically inspired differences in connection structures within the two model hemispheres, suggesting that hemispheric asymmetry in the processing of local and global features may be due to hemispheric asymmetry in connection structure rather than in frequency tuning.
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Miller, Michael B., Alan Kingstone, and Michael S. Gazzaniga. "Hemispheric Encoding Asymmetry is More Apparent Than Real." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14, no. 5 (July 1, 2002): 702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08989290260138609.

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Previous neuroimaging studies have claimed a left hemisphere specialization for episodic “encoding” and a right hemisphere specialization for episodic “retrieval.” Yet studies of split-brain patients indicate relatively minor memory impairment after disconnection of the two hemispheres. This suggests that both hemispheres are capable of encoding and retrieval. In the present experiment, we examined the possible limits on encoding capacity of each hemisphere by manipulating the “depth” of processing during the encoding of unfamiliar faces and familiar words in the left and right hemispheres of two split-brain patients. Results showed that only the left hemisphere benefited from deeper (more elaborate) encoding of familiar words, and only the right hemisphere benefited from deeper encoding of unfamiliar faces. Our findings are consistent with the view that hemispheric asymmetries in episodic encoding are related to hemisphere-specific processing of particular stimuli. Convergent with recent neuroimaging studies, these results with split-brain patients also suggest that these hemispheric differences are not due to unique specializations in each half brain for encoding memories, but rather, are due to preferential recruitment of the synaptically closer prefrontal cortex to posterior regions processing material-specific information.
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Chowdhury, Partha, Ravindra Belur, Luca Bertello, and Alexei A. Pevtsov. "Analysis of Solar Hemispheric Chromosphere Properties using the Kodaikanal Observatory Ca–K Index." Astrophysical Journal 925, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac3983.

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Abstract The Kodaikanal Observatory has provided long-term synoptic observations of chromospheric activities in the Ca ii K line (393.34 nm) since 1907. This article investigates temporal and periodic variations of the hemispheric Ca–K-index time series in the low-latitude zone (±40°), utilizing the recently digitized photographic plates of Ca–K images from the Kodaikanal Observatory for the period of 1907–1980. We find that the temporal evolution of the Ca–K index differs from one hemisphere to another, with the solar cycle peaking at different times in the opposite hemisphere, except for cycles 14, 15, and 21, when the phase difference between the two hemispheres was not significant. The monthly averaged data show a higher activity in the northern hemisphere during solar cycles 15, 16, 18, 19, and 20, and in the southern hemisphere during cycles 14, 17, and 21. We notice an exponentially decaying distribution for each hemisphere’s Ca–K index and the whole solar disk. We explored different midterm periodicities of the measured Ca–K index using the wavelet technique, including Rieger-type and quasi-biennial oscillations on different timescales present in the time series. We find a clear manifestation of the Waldmeier effect (stronger cycles rise faster than the weaker ones) in both the hemispheres separately and the whole disk in the data. Finally, we have found the presence of the Gnevyshev gap (time interval between two cycle maxmima) in both the hemispheric data during cycles 15 to 20. Possible interpretations of our findings are discussed with the help of existing theoretical models and observations.
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Baybakov, S. E., N. S. Bakhareva, S. V. Chigrin, E. K. Gordeeva, T. R. Yusupov, E. A. Salomatina, and D. D. Shevchuk. "Hemispheric Asymmetry Gender Differences in Preadolescent Children." Innovative Medicine of Kuban, no. 1 (March 6, 2023): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2023-26-1-53-57.

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Background: Investigating various postnatal parameters of cerebral hemispheres is of great practical value.Objective: To study gender differences in hemispheric parameters and interhemispheric interactions in preadolescent children.Materials and methods: The retrospective study assessed archived brain magnetic resonance images of 60 eight-year-old boys and 60 eight-year-old girls. The analyzed parameters were as follows: 1) hemispheric length; 2) hemispheric width; 3) hemispheric height; 4) width-longitudinal index of a hemisphere; 5) altitude-longitudinal index of a hemisphere; 6) length of frontal lobes; 7) length of parietal lobes; 8) length of occipital lobes; 9) length of temporal lobes. Quantitative indicators were assessed for normal distribution using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Source data were accumulated and arranged in Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheets. Statistica 10.0 was used for the statistical analysis. The results were considered statistically significant with P < 0.05.Results: The analysis of cephalometric indicators suggests sex-related variation in the cerebral hemispheres. Based on the obtained data we can identify morphometric parameters of interhemispheric variability that may act as one of the morphometric criteria for the brain asymmetry. The study results can be widely used for neuroimaging.Conclusions: We determined cephalometric reference values for various cerebral hemispheres parts in preadolescent children.
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Cronin-Golomb, Alice. "Semantic Networks in the Divided Cerebral Hemispheres." Psychological Science 6, no. 4 (July 1995): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00595.x.

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Hemispheric differences in the recognition and manipulation of meaning may be based on distinctions in size, composition, or organization of the right and left semantic networks The present study describes these features of pictorially based semantic networks in 3 subjects with complete forebrain commissurotomy Stimuli were presented for prolonged viewing to the left and right visual hemifields For each trial, the subjects chose from a 20-choice array all pictures that were associated with a target, then indicated the member of each pair of chosen associates that was more closely related to the target The hemispheres' networks were found to be of similar size and composition, but were organized differently The right hemisphere more often produced linear rankings of semantic associates to a target than did the left, and rankings by the two hemispheres were not strongly correlated Hemispheric differences in semantic organization mirror differences in perceptual organization, with the right hemisphere specialized for conventional meaning and the left hemisphere specialized for detecting and processing deviations from standard meaning
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Trach, О. О., D. M. Shyian, and D. I. Marakushin. "Individual variability of the brain hemispheres’ and occipital lobes’ width." Medicine Today and Tomorrow 88, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35339/msz.2020.88.03.01.

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200 hemispheres of the brain of people who died from diseases not related to brain pathology were studied. Morphometric method was used and statistical analysis was completed. It was found out that the width of the right and left hemispheres of the brain in both men and women of brachycranial skull type is slightly greater than of mesocranial and dolichocranial ones. Men and women with dolichocranial skull type have the width of the left hemisphere greater than the right one. Men have the width of the left and right hemispheres greater than women. The limits of individual variability of brain hemispheres’ and occipital lobes’ width have been determined taking into account the type of skull and sex. The largest indicators of the cerebral hemispheres’ width are the next: men of the brachycranial skull type have the right hemisphere’s width of the 70.6•10^-3 m, left one of the 71.4•10^3 m width; the women of the brachycranial skull type have the right hemispheres’ width of the 63.4•10^-3 m and the left one of the 63.8•10^3 m, the women of the mesocranial skull type have the left hemisphere’s width of 63.7•10^3 m. The smallest indicators of the cerebral hemispheres’ width are: men of the dolichocranial skull type have the width of the right hemisphere 44•10^3 m, of the left one of the dolichocranial skull type and of the brachycranial skull type have the width 43.8•10^3 m; women of the dolichocranial skull type have the width of the right hemisphere 38.5•10^3 m, left one of 42.5•10^-3. The largest indicators of the occipital lobes’ width are: men of the brachycranial skull type have the width of the right hemisphere 56•10^3 m, men of the mesocranial skull type have the width of the left hemisphere 65•10^3 m; women of the dolichocranial skull type have the right hemispheres’ width 58•10^-3 m, of mesocranial skull type have the left one is of 63•10^-3 m and of dolichocranial it is of 62.5•10^3 m. The smallest indicators of the occipital lobes’ width are: men of the dolichocranial skull type have the width of the right lobe 41•10^3 m, of mesocranial and brachycranial types it is 42•10^3 m, the width of the left lobe in men with dolichocranial skull type of 38•10^3 m; women of the mesocranial skull type have the right lobe’s width of 36•10^3 m, the left one of dolichocranial skull type it is of 34•10^-3 m. Keywords: endbrain, occipital lobe, individual anatomical variability.
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Doty, Robert. "Unity from duality." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 63, no. 3 (September 30, 2003): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2003-1464.

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When, in the primeval sea, creatures first began to crawl, "right" and "left" came into being, yielding neuronal nets to control response to the sidedness of stimuli. In the half billion years of moving and sensing, two brains have evolved, the right and the left; and human experience now shows them to be roughly equivalent, potentially independent, conscious entities. This dramatic fact is evidenced by "split-brain" patients and by numerous cases of therapeutic removal of either hemisphere. Equally dramatic, of course, is that there is not the slightest sign of this duality in everyday experience, the right and left visual fields are seamlessly knit, and cross purpose is absent in the moment to moment operation of the two cerebral hemispheres. This unity is constantly synthesized by the 100,000,000 fibers passing from each hemisphere to the other; the vastness of that interchange emphasized upon comparison with the mere 1,000,000 fibers conveying all the visual world from each eye. With the large distances in the human brain some 100+ ms may commonly transpire for one hemisphere to send to and receive a response from the other. Efficiency thus demands that most neuronal calculation occur within rather than between hemispheres, thereby promoting differences in the characteristic capabilities of each alone, i.e., "hemispheric specialization". Despite this there is a bewildering bilaterality of activation revealed by fMRI for most cognitive tasks. In the absence of the forebrain commissures brainstem systems can be shown, in macaques, also to participate in the unification of behavioral result from the actions of the separated hemispheres. The system favors synthesis from congruent (visual) input to the two hemispheres; but in the face of incompatible hemispheric input, the two hemispheres are able to work out an accommodation in their control of subcortical systems.
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Schwartz, Theodore H., Michael M. Haglund, Ettore Lettich, and George A. Ojemann. "Asymmetry of Neuronal Activity During Extracellular Microelectrode Recording from Left and Right Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex During Rhyming and Line-Matching." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12, no. 5 (September 2000): 803–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892900562615.

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Recordings of neuronal activity in humans have identified few correlates of the known hemispheric asymmetries of functional lateralization. Here, we examine single-unit activity recorded from both hemispheres during two delayed match-to-sample tasks that show strong hemispheric lateralization based on lesion effects; a line-matching (LM) task related to the right hemisphere, and a rhyming (RHY) task related to the left. Nineteen neuronal populations were recorded with extracellular microelectrodes from the left temporal neocortex of 11 awake patients, and 18 from the right in 9 patients during anterior temporal lobectomy for complex partial seizures under local anesthesia. All subjects were left hemisphere dominant for language. Twelve (32%) populations exhibited statistically significant changes in activity at p < .05. Although changes in firing frequency were recorded from both hemispheres during both tasks, the RHY task elicited changes in activity several hundred milliseconds earlier on the left side than on the right. The LM task, on the other hand, induced changes earlier on the right side than on the left. Both hemispheres contained units active during verbal responses regardless of which behavior elicited the response. Our results indicate that cerebral dominance is reflected in earlier neuronal activity in the anterior temporal lobe during tasks lateralized to that hemisphere.
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Deng, L. H., Y. Fei, H. Deng, Y. Mei, and F. Wang. "Spatial distribution of quasi-biennial oscillations in high-latitude solar activity." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 4 (May 6, 2020): 4930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1061.

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ABSTRACT Quasi-biennial oscillations (QBOs) are considered to be a fundamental mode of solar magnetic activity at low latitudes (≤50°). However, the evolutionary aspect and the hemispheric distribution of solar QBOs at high latitudes (≥60°) are rarely studied. Here, we apply a relatively novel time-frequency analysis technique, called the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform, in order to extract the main components of the polar faculae in the Northern and Southern hemispheres for the time interval from 1951 August to 1998 December. We note the following. (i) Apart from the 22-yr Hale cycle, the 17-yr extended activity cycle and the 11-yr Schwabe cycle, QBOs have been estimated as a prominent time-scale of solar magnetic activity at high latitudes. (ii) The QBOs of the polar faculae are coherent in the two hemispheres, but the temporal (phase) and the spatial (amplitude) variations of solar QBOs occur unevenly on both hemispheres. (iii) For the 11-yr period mode, this begins in the Northern hemisphere three months earlier than in the Southern hemisphere. Moreover, the spatial and temporal distributions of the hemispheric QBOs differ from those of the 11-yr Schwabe cycle mode in the two hemispheres. Our findings could be helpful to improve our knowledge of the physical origin of the spatial distribution of solar QBOs at high latitudes, and could also provide more constraints on solar dynamo models introduced to characterize the different components of the solar magnetic activity cycle.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hemispheres"

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Nicholas, Christopher Dean. "Matchmaking: Sex, conflict, and the cerebral hemispheres." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289731.

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Three experiments examined how humans make same-different judgments of simultaneously presented letter pairs using the entire English alphabet, in two tasks: a letter category task in which pairs of letters in different letter cases (instances) belonged to the same (e.g., "X x") or different (e.g., "X o") letter category; and a letter instance task in which pairs of letters in the same letter category belonged to the same (e.g., "X X") or different (e.g., "X x") letter instance. Three experiments used these two tasks to present letter pairs in different arrangements: Experiment 1, centrally to both cerebral hemispheres; Experiment 2, laterally to either the left or right cerebral hemisphere; Experiment 3, laterally to either different hemispheres or to the same hemisphere. The roles of nominal identity (letter names), orthographic identity (how letter graphemes correspond to letter phonemes), and abstract visual-form identity (letter categories) were investigated by examination of letter confusability. The results indicate that visual and not nominal identity is used to perform the letter category task. In addition, women (but not men) used orthographic identity to solve the letter category task during some conditions of all three Experiments. A new kind of analysis indicates that, across-sex, letter category predicts 82% of the variance in response latency to same-category judgments, but only 14% of the variance in response latency to same -instance judgments, functionally dissociating form-invariant (category) and form-variant (instance) visual information. Women (but not men) use form-invariant (category) information when making different-instance judgments--even when such information is insufficient for solving that task--and consequently, women's cerebral asymmetries are shifted and their interhemispheric communication of information is selectively impaired (relative to men) when this information conflicts with that necessary to solve the task. Thus, the kind of information, rather than the number of cognitive processes , determines how processing is lateralized and integrated across the cerebral hemispheres in letter matching tasks. Comparisons of presentations to both and single hemispheres indicate that hemispheric dominance is dissociated from hemispheric asymmetry as a function of sex-dependent attentional strategy and informational conflict in interhemispheric interaction.
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Gouldthorp, Bethanie. "Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere." Thesis, Gouldthorp, Bethanie (2009) Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/1663/.

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Recent research into hemispheric differences in sentence comprehension has produced a puzzling disparity between the results from behavioral studies on neurologically normal individuals and studies utilizing other methods such as electrophysiology, neuroimaging and the investigation of neuropsychological patients. The former approach tends to produce results that indicate a restriction of the right hemisphere (RH) to lower-level processing mechanisms that are comparatively less sensitive to context than the left hemisphere (LH), while the combined findings of the latter approaches suggest that not only is the RH capable of processing language at a higher level, it is particularly sensitive to contextual information and, furthermore, this may form part of the special role of the RH in language tasks. Accordingly, the present series of studies employed a normal-behavioral approach to further investigate the underlying processing mechanisms of the RH during sentence comprehension tasks. In each of the four experiments, right-handed adult participants completed a computer-based lexical decision task where reaction time and error rates were recorded. Stimuli were always centrally-presented, followed by a laterally-presented target word or non-word. In the first experiment, the sensitivity of the RH to message-level meaning was investigated by assessing whether it benefits from additional contextual information in sentences that was not the result of simple word-level associations. The remaining experiments aimed to examine several current models of RH language processing; specifically, they examined the applicability of the coarse-coding hypothesis (Beeman, 1993) and the integrative processing model (Federmeier, 2007) to RH sentence processing. The combined results of the four experiments lead to several conclusions. Firstly, this series of investigation consistently demonstrated that the RH does display a sensitivity to message-level processing that appears to be at least equivalent to that of the LH. This conclusion is uncommon in the normal-behavioral literature, but is consistent with evidence produced by other methodologies. Secondly, the coarse-coding hypothesis is insufficient in explaining RH language processing at the sentential level. Although there is considerable evidence in support of the coarse-coding model of RH processing of individual words, the findings of the present investigations do not support its applicability beyond this level. Thirdly, the integrative/predictive distinction between RH/LH language processing also appears to have limited applicability beyond sentence fragments and may instead be reflective of higher-level processing differences (e.g., wherein the RH may utilize a para-linguistic situation-model processing method whereas the LH may rely purely on a linguistic mechanism). Based on these conclusions, the present series of investigations appears to have resolved the inconsistent finding previously prominent in normal-behavioral literature and goes some way in determining the applicability of current models of RH language processing.
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Gouldthorp, Bethanie. "Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere." Gouldthorp, Bethanie (2009) Hemispheric Contributions to Language Comprehension: Word and Message-level Processing Mechanisms of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/1663/.

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Recent research into hemispheric differences in sentence comprehension has produced a puzzling disparity between the results from behavioral studies on neurologically normal individuals and studies utilizing other methods such as electrophysiology, neuroimaging and the investigation of neuropsychological patients. The former approach tends to produce results that indicate a restriction of the right hemisphere (RH) to lower-level processing mechanisms that are comparatively less sensitive to context than the left hemisphere (LH), while the combined findings of the latter approaches suggest that not only is the RH capable of processing language at a higher level, it is particularly sensitive to contextual information and, furthermore, this may form part of the special role of the RH in language tasks. Accordingly, the present series of studies employed a normal-behavioral approach to further investigate the underlying processing mechanisms of the RH during sentence comprehension tasks. In each of the four experiments, right-handed adult participants completed a computer-based lexical decision task where reaction time and error rates were recorded. Stimuli were always centrally-presented, followed by a laterally-presented target word or non-word. In the first experiment, the sensitivity of the RH to message-level meaning was investigated by assessing whether it benefits from additional contextual information in sentences that was not the result of simple word-level associations. The remaining experiments aimed to examine several current models of RH language processing; specifically, they examined the applicability of the coarse-coding hypothesis (Beeman, 1993) and the integrative processing model (Federmeier, 2007) to RH sentence processing. The combined results of the four experiments lead to several conclusions. Firstly, this series of investigation consistently demonstrated that the RH does display a sensitivity to message-level processing that appears to be at least equivalent to that of the LH. This conclusion is uncommon in the normal-behavioral literature, but is consistent with evidence produced by other methodologies. Secondly, the coarse-coding hypothesis is insufficient in explaining RH language processing at the sentential level. Although there is considerable evidence in support of the coarse-coding model of RH processing of individual words, the findings of the present investigations do not support its applicability beyond this level. Thirdly, the integrative/predictive distinction between RH/LH language processing also appears to have limited applicability beyond sentence fragments and may instead be reflective of higher-level processing differences (e.g., wherein the RH may utilize a para-linguistic situation-model processing method whereas the LH may rely purely on a linguistic mechanism). Based on these conclusions, the present series of investigations appears to have resolved the inconsistent finding previously prominent in normal-behavioral literature and goes some way in determining the applicability of current models of RH language processing.
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Kavcic, Voyko. "Hemispheric Interactions and Event-Related Potentials in Lateralized Stroop and Stroop Analog Tasks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277627/.

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Classical Stroop stimuli and newly developed face/word Stroop analog stimuli were used to investigate hemispheric interactions in Stroop interference effects (SEs) and corresponding event-related potentials (ERPs). Lateralized stimuli were presented unilaterally and bilaterally as congruent or incongruent color strip-word or face-word pairs (to invoke right hemisphere (RH) and left hemisphere (LH) specialization, respectively, in the latter case). The common finding for such tasks is that responses for the congruent condition are faster and more accurate than for the incongruent condition (i.e., the SE). A primary prediction is that the SE will be maximized when both the distractor and target components, or distractor alone, are presented to the specialized hemisphere (i.e., LH for words and RH for faces). A total of 88 right-handed University of North Texas students participated in one of four experiments. Participants manually responded to one component of the stimuli (i.e., color, face, or word), while ignoring the other. Behaviorally, participants showed a robust SE across all experiments, especially for the face/word task with word targets. Findings from the face/word Stroop analog tasks also indicated that SEs were produced by selective attention to either faces or words, implicating a role for top-down (controlled) processes. Hemispheric asymmetries were observed only for bilateral presentations of the face/word Stroop analog stimuli and did not differ for word versus face targets. The results suggest that the LH is less susceptible to interference from the RH than vice versa. Electrophysiologically, anterior N1 and P1, posterior P1 and N1, N2, and P3 components were identified. A SE was found for P3 amplitudes, but not latencies, across all four experiments such that the congruent condition generated greater amplitudes than the incongruent condition, suggesting that the P3 is an index of task difficulty. Surprisingly, SEs were also observed for the early ERP components, albeit embedded in higher order interactions. Taken together, the ERP evidence suggests that there is no single locus of the SE, and instead, the SE appears to be distributed over several stages of information processing.
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deAlbuquerque, Joan. "Hemispheres for Wind Ensemble by Joseph Turrin: A Critical Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4886/.

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Hemispheres is a three-movement work for winds written by Joseph Turrin in May 2002. Commissioned by Kurt Masur for the New York Philharmonic, he wished to include a piece exclusively for winds and percussion in the programming of his farewell concert that commemorated his eleven years as Music Director. The work is in three movements: Genesis, Earth Canto, and Rajas which represent three different cultural views of creation. Formally, this work is based structurally and thematically on melody rather than harmony. This analysis focuses on three main tools which unify this work. The first is that thematic material from the first movement is reintroduced and developed in the second and third movements. The second is a consistently reoccurring rhythmic grouping in threes. This three note motive, found in all three movements, is used both melodically and as an accompaniment. The third is the unifying pitch center of C. Through an economy of musical means, Turrin composed Hemispheres with only a minimal number of themes and motives, each developed through the course of all three movements.
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Painter, Joan. "Imaginal processing in the two hemispheres : a computational investigation." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297225.

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Engels, Ryland Peter Antonij. "Linked Hemispheres: American Literary Transcendentalism and the Southern Continents." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23143.

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This thesis examines relationships that formed between US Transcendentalism and the Southern Hemisphere in the nineteenth century. It argues that the works of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Walt Whitman and Henry David Thoreau are relevant to the literary histories of regions including Latin America, Southern Africa and Australasia, and that this fact has been inadequately addressed by criticism. The introduction serves to situate this claim within ongoing debates in fields such as American Studies and World Literature. I contend that the inclusion of Southern Hemispheric literature within these discussions has the potential to enrich our interpretations of both US and world literary texts, particularly by enabling new approaches to be taken to long-standing, transnational questions of race, settler colonialism, globalization and Romantic nationalism. Each chapter centres on a different continental region in the Southern Hemisphere. In each, North American literary perceptions of that region are put into dialogue with nineteenth-century Southern Hemispheric responses to US Transcendentalism. The first chapter is devoted to Latin America; it concerns Edward and Alexander Everett, Sophia Peabody, Mary Mann, Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and José Martí. The second chapter focuses on South Africa in the late colonial period and highlights aspects of the thought and work of figures such as Olive Schreiner, Jan Smuts and Mahatma Gandhi. The final chapter considers Australia and the Pacific Islands. It begins with a discussion of the US philosopher Josiah Royce’s tour of Australasia and, thereafter, gives an account of Australian poetry’s response to Transcendentalism. Four poets are included in this section: Charles Harpur, Henry Kendall, William Gay and Bernard O’Dowd. The chapter concludes by drawing parallels between Charles Warren Stoddard’s correspondence with Whitman, his writings about the Pacific Islands and the strains of Primitivism that can be identified in Transcendentalist texts more generally.
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Juzwin, Kathryn Rossetto. "The effects of perceptual interference and noninterference on facial recognition based on outer and inner facial features." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/447843.

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This study investigated the effects of interference from a center stimulus on the recognition of faces presented in each visual half-field using the tachistoscoptic presentation. Based on prior studies, it was hypothesized that faces would be recognized nnre accurately based on outline features when presented to the Left visual field - Right hemisphere and on inner features for the Right visual field - Left hemisphere. It was also hypothesized that digits presented at center fixation would interfere most with the recognition of the inner details of faces presented to the right hemisphere, since recognizing both faces and digits requires high-frequency spectral analysis (Sergent, 1982b).Each stimulus was cinposed of either a number or a blank at center fixation and a face placed either to the left or right of fixation. The results indicated no performance differences due to the visual field of presentation. Recognition was most accurate when no center stimulus was present, and recognition of outer details was more accurate than recognition of inner details. Subjects tended to use top-to--bottan processing for faces in both visual fields.
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Ferron, Danielle Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Changes with aging in right hemisphere activation as reflected in bimanual and dihaptic task performance." Ottawa, 1992.

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Ransley, Kimbra Louise. "Capacity Limits in Visual Processing Revealed by Spatial Biases." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19744.

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Our early visual system extracts fine grained information about our rapidly changing world, yet in certain laboratory conditions, participants fail to report some items that are clearly presented within their field of vision. These failures are likely to occur because later stages of the visual system do not have capacity to process all of the information extracted at the retina. In this thesis, I investigate a particular failure of awareness that occurs when two target letters are briefly presented at the same time in different spatial locations. A clue to the cause of these failures may lie in the spatial pattern of errors that participants make. A recent theory suggests that the consistency in spatial errors across participants may reflect a functional strategy used by the brain to prioritise information at a key processing bottleneck. I investigate this claim, and conduct research to investigate other aspects of the limitation, such as the processing stage at which it occurs, and its implications for visual processing tasks such as reading.
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Books on the topic "Hemispheres"

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Mendoza, R. Miguel. Hemispheres. Lewiston, NY: Mellen Poetry Press, 1999.

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Baker, Stephen. Hemispheres. Atlantic Books, Limited, 2010.

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Hemispheres. London: Atlantic, 2011.

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Perpelitz, Holden. Hemispheres. Blurb, 2019.

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Hemispheres. Atlantic Books, 2010.

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Hemispheres. McGraw-Hill, 2008.

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Hemispheres. McGraw-Hill, 2007.

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Stringer, Nic, and Chloe Bonfield. Hemispheres. Guillemot Press, 2021.

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Hemispheres. Independently Published, 2018.

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Perpelitz, Holden. Hemispheres. Blurb, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hemispheres"

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Sander, Jana. "Central Hemispheres." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 318–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_487.

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Aboitiz, Francisco. "Bridging Hemispheres." In A Brain for Speech, 173–209. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54060-7_5.

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Mardal, Kent-André, Marie E. Rognes, Travis B. Thompson, and Lars Magnus Valnes. "Introducing Heterogeneities." In Mathematical Modeling of the Human Brain, 47–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95136-8_4.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we will consider how to mark, remove, and mesh different regions of the brain and its environment based on FreeSurfer segmentations. We will create hemisphere meshes differentiating between gray and white matter, create hemisphere meshes without ventricles, create brain meshes by combining the two hemispheres, map parcellations onto brain meshes, and locally refine parcellated brain meshes.
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Johnson, Michael L. "Synergy, Neuroanatomy, Hemispheres." In Mind, Language, Machine, 47–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19404-9_9.

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Midgley, Mary. "Hemispheres and holism." In Are You an Illusion?, 129–36. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003411710-12.

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McGilchrist, Iain. "Prendersi cura del mondo." In La mente in architettura, 103–24. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-286-7.07.

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Discusses the role that attention plays in constituting the world, rather than reducing phenomena to the brain level. Discusses the different kinds of attention delineated by the divided hemispheres of the brain. On the one hand the left hemisphere specialised in grasping and manipulating the world, whereas the right hemisphere specialises in relat-ing to and understanding the world. Discusses how reliance on one or the other kind of attention has cultural, psychological and social implications.
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Noggle, Chad A., and Andrea R. Moreau. "Hemispheres of the Brain." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 739–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_1347.

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Patten, John Philip. "The Cerebral Hemispheres: Vascular Diseases." In Neurological Differential Diagnosis, 133–48. London: Springer London, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3583-8_9.

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Friede, Reinhard L. "Dysplasias of the Cerebral Hemispheres." In Developmental Neuropathology, 309–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73697-1_26.

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Waguespack, Leslie J. "The Brain of Two Hemispheres." In Designing Thriving Systems, 17–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03925-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hemispheres"

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Thai, Austin, and Jeremy Bain. "Modeling Approach and Departure Noise of the Joby Aviation Aircraft." In Vertical Flight Society 80th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0080-2024-0044.

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A computational method for modeling approach and departure noise of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft is validated using flight test measurements of the Joby Aviation aircraft. The methodology consists of performing high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations to generate acoustic hemispheres that are used as input in a noise propagation software package. Three hemispheres were generated based on waypoints in an approach trajectory. A simulation of hover was conducted to generate a hover hemisphere. The effects of hemisphere resolution, terrain, and airframe acoustic shielding were explored. Overall, there is an overprediction of noise but the comparison with measured values improves as the model becomes more complete, indicating that the method is capturing the physics correctly. The same set of hemispheres was applied to a different approach trajectory and demonstrated similar results with reasonable agreement to measurements. However, application of the approach hemispheres to a departure trajectory resulted in a larger overprediction of noise due to the differences in the trim conditions.
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Michalsky, Joseph, and Nels Larson. "Time-Dependent Behavior of Mount Pinatubo Aerosol." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.thb.1.

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The 15-16 June 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo delivered approximately 20 million metric tons of SO2 to the stratosphere. This is about three times the estimate for El Chichon (Bluth et al., 1992). While El Chichon's volcanic plume was confined mostly to the northern hemisphere, the SO2plume from Mount Pinatubo straddled the equator resulting in a more symmetrical global distribution of the H2SO4-H2O aerosol that results from the photochemical conversion of the SO2. Dutton and Christy (1992) find that the average Mount Pinatubo aerosol cloud as measured at two southern and two northern hemisphere sites exceeds the El Chichon aerosol optical depth for the first 10 months by about 70%. This is consistent with the extra SO2 loading and more uniform dispersal of the plume between hemispheres. They found the global and northern hemispheric temperatures of the lower troposphere to be 0.4 and 0.7° C below normal, respectively, by June 1992. This is consistent, thus far, with the predictions of Hansen et al. (1992).
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Tecker, Kelly, and Itzhak Green. "Finite Element Analysis of Electromagnetic Effects on Hemispherical Contacts." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59040.

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This work presents a three dimensional finite (3D) element analysis (FEA) of electrical contact between two non-conforming hemispheres at various vertical interferences. Items of particular interest include contact forces, current densities, and magnetic forces. The results are normalized to be applicable to micro and macro-scaled contact models. To test the validity of the analysis, the results are compared to another work focusing on contact between a hemisphere and rigid flat.
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Noyes, David, and Itzhak Green. "Finite Element Analysis of Structural and Electromagnetic Effects on Asperity Contacts." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15104.

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This work presents a combination of two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) of structural and electrical contact between two nonconforming hemispheres at various vertical interferences. Items of particular interest include contact forces, current densities, and magnetic forces. The results are normalized to be applicable to micro and macro-scaled contact models. To test the validity of the analysis, the results are compared to another work focusing on contact between a hemisphere and rigid flat.
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Nikolaenko, Nikolay N. "Interaction of cerebral hemispheres and artistic thinking." In Photonics West '98 Electronic Imaging, edited by Bernice E. Rogowitz and Thrasyvoulos N. Pappas. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.320134.

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Ohtake, Hiroyasu, and Yasuo Koizumi. "Study on Ex-Vessel Cooling of RPV: Model Analysis of Critical Heat Flux on Inclined Plate Facing Downward and Development to Hemispherical Surface." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22316.

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The cooling of the Ex-vessel in Light-Water-Reactors has been proposed to maintain reactor vessel integrity during severe accident. The critical heat flux — CHF — from the underside of down-facing convex surfaces, like hemispheres, is important to the assessment of the cooling. The authors examined CHFs on inclined plates under saturated boiling experimentally, focusing on the effect of the inclination angle on the CHF and characteristic length and velocity of coalesced bubbles near the heater at the CHF. In this study, the critical heat fluxes on the inclined plates in saturated boiling were investigated analytically by using the macrolayer model and the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, based on our previous experimental report. Furthermore, the present model was developed for the CHF on a hemispheric surface. In the present model, the most dangerous wavelength and propagative velocity of the wave in the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability for ideal fluid with vapor flow of finite thickness and surface tension on liquid-vapor interface were calculated to determine the length and the velocity of the coalesced bubble on the heating surface at CHF. The time covered over the heater with the bubble was estimated as the calculated value with the length divided by the velocity. The predictions of the present CHF model by using the macrolayer model for CHF and the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability for the characteristic values of the coalesced bubble agree well with previous experimental data for CHF on inclined plates with 30 to 180 degree in orientation. Furthermore, the present model given as a function of the inclination angle relative to the horizontal downward plate was extended to CHF on a hemispheric surface. The CHFs obtained by the present model are in qualitative agreement with experimental data on hemispheres reported by some investigators.
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Ji, Guanzhou, Ting Ou, and Azadeh Sawyer. "View-Based Luminance Mapping in Open Workplace." In Design Computation Input/Output 2022. Design Computation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/dcio.2022.flxi8620.

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This paper introduces a novel computational method for mapping indoor luminance values to the facade of an open workplace to improve its daylight performance. 180-degree fisheye renderings from different locations, view positions, and times of the year are created. These renderings are then transformed from two-dimensional (2D) images into three-dimensional (3D) hemispheres. High luminance values are filtered and projected from the hemisphere to the facade design. This framework will highlight the areas of the facade that allow too much light penetration into the interior environment. This study introduces a flexible framework that allows for an occupant-centric lighting analysis to compute multiple design parameters and synthesize results based on luminance values mapped on the facade design for localized performance optimization to improve facade performance.
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Li, Yang, Wenming Zheng, Zhen Cui, Tong Zhang, and Yuan Zong. "A Novel Neural Network Model based on Cerebral Hemispheric Asymmetry for EEG Emotion Recognition." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/216.

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In this paper, we propose a novel neural network model, called bi-hemispheres domain adversarial neural network (BiDANN), for EEG emotion recognition. BiDANN is motivated by the neuroscience findings, i.e., the emotional brain's asymmetries between left and right hemispheres. The basic idea of BiDANN is to map the EEG feature data of both left and right hemispheres into discriminative feature spaces separately, in which the data representations can be classified easily. For further precisely predicting the class labels of testing data, we narrow the distribution shift between training and testing data by using a global and two local domain discriminators, which work adversarially to the classifier to encourage domain-invariant data representations to emerge. After that, the learned classifier from labeled training data can be applied to unlabeled testing data naturally. We conduct two experiments to verify the performance of our BiDANN model on SEED database. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
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Kee, JackSheng, Mi Kyoung Park, CheeChung Wong, Linus Tzu-Hsiang Kao, Mingbin Yu, and GuoQiang Lo. "Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane nano-hemispheres array for bio-application." In 2012 7th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2012.6360982.

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Kuryshev, Vladislav, Ondřej Matoušek, Vojtěch Lukášek, and Martin Šimko. "Lens holder optimization for production of high precise hemispheres." In Optics and Measurement 2019 International Conference, edited by Jana Kovačičinová. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2542852.

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Reports on the topic "Hemispheres"

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Werner, Rolf, and Veneta Guineva. Forecasting Sunspot Numbers for Solar Cycle 25 Using Autoregressive Models for Both Hemispheres of the Sun. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.01.10.

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Jessen, Anneke, María de la Paz Covarrubias, Andrew Katona, and Rafael Cornejo. Integration and Trade in the Americas: A Preliminary Estimate of 2001 Trade. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008266.

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This 2001 report contains the preliminary estimates for Trade in the Americas, with a most notable decline of trade flows in the Western Hemisphere. In 2001, trade within the Americas declined by almost 4% according to preliminary estimates. Contrary to previous years, intra-hemispheric exports performed worse than the hemisphere's exports to the rest of the world, which declined by a less drastic 2% relative to 2000. This in stark contrast to a decade-long trend that saw intra-hemispheric trade expand by more than double the rate of extra-hemispheric exports, with total exports growing by a healthy 8% a year on average. For most countries, the estimates are based on data available for the period January-September.
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Bel'kov, S. A., S. V. Bondarenko, L. A. Ilkaeva, G. G. Kochemasov, L. S. Mkhitarian, O. A. Vinokurov, and N. A. Ryabikina. The Effects of Joints in Two Beryllium Hemispheres Used to Form an Ignition Capsule for the National Ignition Facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/763048.

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Stevens, C. M., Sepanski, and L. J. Morris. Carbon-13 isotopic abundance and concentration of atmospheric methane for background air in the Southern and Northern Hemispheres from 1978 to 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/72735.

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Shearer, Matthew, Christopher Vignoles, María de la Paz Covarrubias, Rafael Cornejo, and Anneke Jessen. Integration and Trade in the Americas: A Preliminary Estimate of 2003 Trade. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008565.

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Total Western Hemisphere exports to the world increased by 5 percent in 2003, according to preliminary estimates by the IDB's Integration, Trade and Hemispheric Issues Division. This marks a reversal of a two-year trend that saw exports from the hemisphere decline by more than 9 percent between 2000-2002.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC. Western Hemisphere Defense Policy Statement. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada583692.

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Brocato, Robert Wesley. Hemispheric ultra-wideband antenna. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/921149.

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Davis, Margaret. Hemisphere side of damage and encoding capacity. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3164.

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M.A.Ebadian. HEMISPHERIC CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/772490.

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M.A. Ebadian. HEMISPHERIC CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/772519.

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