Journal articles on the topic 'Hedgehog'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Hedgehog.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Hedgehog.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Rasmussen, Sophie Lund, Bettina Thuland Schrøder, Anne Berger, Rahel Sollmann, David W. Macdonald, Cino Pertoldi, and Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup. "Testing the Impact of Robotic Lawn Mowers on European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) and Designing a Safety Test." Animals 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2023): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14010122.
Full textAbstract:
Previous research has established that some models of robotic lawn mowers are potentially harmful to hedgehogs. As the market for robotic lawn mowers is expanding rapidly and the populations of European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) are in decline, it is important to investigate this risk further to understand the potential threat which some robotic lawn mowers may pose to hedgehogs. We tested 19 models of robotic lawn mowers in collision with hedgehog cadavers to measure their effect on hedgehogs. Our results showed that some models of robotic lawn mowers may injure hedgehogs, whereas others are not harmful to them. Apart from one single incidence, all robotic lawn mowers had to physically touch the hedgehog carcasses to detect them. Larger hedgehog cadavers were less likely to be “injured”, with height being the most influential measure of size. The firmness of the tested hedgehog cadavers (frozen or thawed) did not influence the outcome of the collision tests. Neither the position of the hedgehog cadavers nor the selected technical features of the lawn mowers affected the probability of injury. Based on the results, we designed a standardised safety test to measure the effect of a specific model of robotic lawn mower on hedgehogs.
2
Kirillov, Alexander, Nadezhda Kirillova, and Alexander Ruchin. "Helminths of Erinaceus roumanicus (Eulipotyphla, Erinaceidae) in Mordovia (Russia) with an Overview of Helminth Fauna of Erinaceus spp. Inhabiting the Palaearctic Region." Diversity 14, no. 3 (February 25, 2022): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14030165.
Full textAbstract:
The helminth fauna of the Northern white-breasted hedgehog Erinaceus roumanicus was studied in the Republic of Mordovia (Russia) for the first time. In total, 9 species of helminths were found in 23 studied hedgehogs: Trematoda—Isthmiophora melis, Strigea strigis (metacercaria); Cestoda—Hymenolepis erinacei; Nematoda—Aonchotheca erinacei, Physaloptera clausa, Crenosoma striatum, Physocephalus sexalatus (juvenile), Agamospirura minuta (juvenile); and Acanthocephala—Nephridiorhynchus major. Four parasite species (the trematode I. melis, nematodes P. sexalatus, A. minuta, and the acanthocephalan N. major) were found in hedgehogs for the first time in Russia. An overview of the helminth fauna of four species of Erinaceus hedgehogs inhabiting the Palearctic region is given. A total of 54 parasite species were recorded across Erinaceus europaeus, E. roumanicus, E. concolor and E. amurensis: 14 trematodes, 6 cestodes, 27 nematodes, and 7 acanthocephalans. Among all the studied species of hedgehogs, E. europaeus (35 species) and E. roumanicus (36) have the richest helminth faunas. The diversity of the parasite communities of Erinaceus spp. is due to the wide distribution and varied diet of these mammals. Most of the helminths found in hedgehogs are transmitted along trophic chains. Hedgehogs are the final hosts for 39 species of parasites. For 15 helminth species, Erinaceus spp. are paratenic hosts. The majority of the hedgehog’s helminth fauna is formed by host-specific parasites, of which there are 13 species. Most of the hedgehog’s parasites in the Palaearctic are facultative (non-specific) species that parasitize in various vertebrate species. The helminth fauna of Erinaceus hedgehogs is most studied in Russia and Belarus, where 17 species of parasites are found in each country. The comparative analysis of the helminth faunas of Erinaceus spp. from various regions showed, on the one hand, the originality of the helminth fauna of each hedgehog species and, on the other, the similarity of the helminth fauna of these insectivores from various countries of the Palaearctic. These features are caused by similar lifestyles and diet peculiarities of every hedgehog species in various regions of the Palaearctic. A total of 12 of the 54 helminth species found in hedgehogs have medical and veterinary significance as causative agents of dangerous helminthiasis.
3
Yarnell, Richard W., and Carly E. Pettett. "Beneficial Land Management for Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in the United Kingdom." Animals 10, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 1566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091566.
Full textAbstract:
Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) are traditionally thought of as being a rural dwelling species, associated with rural and agricultural landscapes across Europe. However, recent studies have highlighted that hedgehogs are more likely to be found in urban than rural habitats in the United Kingdom. Here, we review the status of rural hedgehog populations across the UK and evaluate the potential benefits of agri-environment schemes for hedgehog persistence, while highlighting a lack of empirical evidence that agri-environment options will benefit hedgehog populations. Our synthesis has implications for future conservation strategies for hedgehogs and insectivorous mammals living in agricultural landscapes, and calls for more empirical studies on agri-environment options and their potential benefits to hedgehogs.
4
Marco-Tresserras, Jana, and Germán M. López-Iborra. "Nesting Ecology of European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Urban Areas in Southeast Spain: Nest Habitat Use and Characteristics." Animals 13, no. 15 (July 29, 2023): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13152453.
Full textAbstract:
Appropriate nesting sites are needed for the presence of European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in an area, along with food availability. However, little attention has been paid to them in the literature. This study aimed at analysing, for the first time, the environmental characteristics of nesting sites chosen by hedgehogs, their spatial distribution and the effect of sex and season on them in two types of urban parks in southeastern Spain. A total of 31 hedgehogs were equipped with GPS devices, and 130 hedgehog nests were located and described. Both sexes had a similar number of nests; however, the spatial distribution of the male nests was larger, and they changed nests more frequently than females. The environment around the nests and hosting structures used also differed between the sexes, with males using a higher variety of nesting structures available and females being more selective. The differences in topography and habitat composition of the two urban parks also affected hedgehog nesting ecology, especially in reference to artificial elements like cat feeders. Further studies of nest locations at a microhabitat level are needed to contribute to a better understanding of a hedgehog’s requirements, fostering the design of more effective conservation strategies.
5
Ekker, S. C., L. L. McGrew, C. J. Lai, J. J. Lee, D. P. von Kessler, R. T. Moon, and P. A. Beachy. "Distinct expression and shared activities of members of the hedgehog gene family of Xenopus laevis." Development 121, no. 8 (August 1, 1995): 2337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.8.2337.
Full textAbstract:
The hedgehog family of signaling proteins is associated with a variety of spatial patterning activities in insects and vertebrates. Here we show that new members of this family isolated from Xenopus laevis are expressed embryonically in patterns suggestive of roles in patterning in the ectoderm, nervous system and somites. Banded hedgehog is expressed throughout the neural plate and subsequently in both the nervous system and in the dermatome of somites. Cephalic hedgehog is expressed in anterior ectoderm and endodermal structures, and sonic hedgehog is expressed in patterns which parallel those in other species. Injection of RNAs encoding Xenopus hedgehogs induces ectopic cement gland formation in embryos. Similar to reported activities of noggin and follistatin, Xenopus hedgehogs share a common ability to induce cement glands in animal cap explants. However, hedgehog activities in naive ectoderm appear capable of acting independently of noggin and follistatin since, although all three are induced by activin in animal cap explants, X-hh expression does not induce noggin or follistatin.
6
Grzesiakowska, Anna, Przemysław Baran, Marta Kuchta-Gładysz, and Olga Szeleszczuk. "Cytogenetic karyotype analysis in selected species of the Erinaceidae family." Journal of Veterinary Research 63, no. 3 (September 13, 2019): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0041.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Comparative analysis of the karyotype structure was made in two hedgehog species: the northern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus roumanicus) and the African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris). Material and Methods The cytogenetic analysis used differential staining techniques (DAPI, Ag-NOR, and C-banding/DAPI) and sequential QFQ/FISH banding with NOR20 and TEL20 probes which showed 45S rDNA and (TTAGGG)n repeat sequences, respectively, on hedgehog chromosomes. Results It was confirmed that the somatic cells of the hedgehogs have a constant number of chromosomes (2n = 48,XY). Differences were observed in the NOR number between the species. NORs were identified on three autosome pairs in the northern white-breasted hedgehog and on only two pairs in the African pygmy hedgehog. Chromosome analysis by C-banding/DAPI showed large segments of heterochromatin rich in A-T pairs on three autosome pairs in both the northern white-breasted and African pygmy hedgehogs. The heterochromatin segments encompassed large fragments of the longer arm of chromosome pairs 13, 14 and 20. The (TTAGGG)n repeat sequences on the hedgehog chromosomes were only observed in the terminal position of all the chromosomes in both species. Conclusion Our observations provide new information on the level of diversity within the Erinaceidae family.
7
Taucher, Anouk L., Sandra Gloor, Adrian Dietrich, Madeleine Geiger, Daniel Hegglin, and Fabio Bontadina. "Decline in Distribution and Abundance: Urban Hedgehogs under Pressure." Animals 10, no. 9 (September 9, 2020): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091606.
Full textAbstract:
Increasing urbanization and densification are two of the largest global threats to biodiversity. However, certain species thrive in urban spaces. Hedgehogs Erinaceus europaeus have been found in higher densities in green areas of settlements as compared to rural spaces. With recent studies pointing to dramatically declining hedgehog numbers in rural areas, we pose the question: how do hedgehogs fare in urban spaces, and do these spaces act as refuges? In this study, recent (2016–2018) and past (1992) hedgehog abundance and distribution were compared across the city of Zurich, Switzerland using citizen science methods, including: footprint tunnels, capture-mark recapture, and incidental sightings. Our analyses revealed consistent negative trends: Overall hedgehog distribution decreased by 17.6% ± 4.7%, whereas abundance declined by 40.6% (mean abundance 32 vs. 19 hedgehogs/km2, in past and recent time, respectively), with one study plot even showing a 91% decline in this period (78 vs. 7 hedgehogs/km2, respectively). We discuss possible causes of this rapid decline: increased urban densification, reduction of insect biomass, and pesticide use, as well as the role of increasing populations of badgers (a hedgehog predator) and parasites or diseases. Our results suggest that hedgehogs are now under increasing pressure not only in rural but also in urban areas, their former refuges.
8
Gazzard, Abigail, and Philip J. Baker. "Patterns of Feeding by Householders Affect Activity of Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) during the Hibernation Period." Animals 10, no. 8 (August 4, 2020): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081344.
Full textAbstract:
West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) are likely to encounter unusual ecological features in urban habitats, such as anthropogenic food sources and artificial refugia. Quantifying how these affect hedgehog behaviour is vital for informing conservation guidelines for householders. We monitored hedgehog presence/absence in gardens in the town of Reading, UK, over the winter of 2017–2018 using a volunteer-based footprint tunnel survey, and collected data on garden characteristics, supplementary feeding (SF) habits, and local environmental conditions. Over a 20-week survey period, hedgehog presence was lowest between January and March. Occupancy analysis indicated that SF significantly affected hedgehog presence/absence before, during, and after hibernation. The number of nesting opportunities available in gardens, average temperatures, and daylength were also supported as important factors at different stages. In particular, our results suggest that SF could act to increase levels of activity during the winter when hedgehogs should be hibernating. Stimulating increased activity at this sensitive time could push hedgehogs into a net energy deficit or, conversely, help some individuals survive which might not otherwise do so. Therefore, further research is necessary to determine whether patterns of feeding by householders have a positive or negative effect on hedgehog populations during the hibernation period.
9
Sarchese, Vittorio, Andrea Palombieri, Ilaria Prandi, Serena Robetto, Luigi Bertolotti, Maria Teresa Capucchio, Riccardo Orusa, et al. "Molecular Surveillance for Bocaparvoviruses and Bufaviruses in the European Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus)." Microorganisms 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2024): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010189.
Full textAbstract:
The presence of bocaparvoviruses (BoVs) and bufaviruses (BuVs) in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) was investigated by screening duodenal and liver samples collected from 183 carcasses, delivered to wildlife rescue centers located in northwestern Italy. BoV DNA was detected in 15 animals (8.2%), with prevalences of 7.1% (13/183) and 2.7% (5/183) in intestine and liver samples, respectively. Upon the sequence analyses of the NS1 gene, two highly divergent BoVs (65.5–67.8% nt identities) were identified. Fourteen strains showed the highest identity (98.3–99.4% nt) to the hedgehog BoV strains recently detected in China in Amur hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis), whilst four strains were genetically related (98.9–99.4% nt identities) to the porcine BoVs identified in pigs and classified in the species Bocaparvovirus ungulate 4, which included related viruses also found in rats, minks, shrews, and mice. BuV DNA was detected in the duodenal samples of two hedgehogs, with a prevalence rate of 1.1%. The nearly full-length genome of two BuV strains, Hedgehog/331DU-2022/ITA and Hedgehog/1278DU/2019/ITA, was reconstructed. Upon phylogenetic analysis based on the NS and VP aa sequences, the Italian hedgehog BuVs tightly clustered with the BuVs recently identified in the Chinese Amur hedgehogs, within a potential novel candidate species of the genus Protoparvovirus.
10
Jones, C., G. Norbury, and T. Bell. "Impacts of introduced European hedgehogs on endemic skinks and weta in tussock grassland." Wildlife Research 40, no. 1 (2013): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr12164.
Full textAbstract:
Context Control of introduced pest species is based on the premise that there is a relationship between pest abundance and impact, but this relationship is rarely defined. Aim We investigated the impacts of introduced European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) on two species of small endemic skink (Oligosoma spp.) and flightless, nocturnal endemic orthopteran ground weta (Hemiandrus spp.), using an enclosure-based experimental manipulation of hedgehog density in tussock grasslands in the South Island of New Zealand. Methods We used capture–mark–recapture methods to estimate the densities of skinks before and after exposure to a range of hedgehog densities over a 3-month period and also compared changes in indices of abundance of skink demographic groups and ground weta. Key results Faecal analysis confirmed that hedgehogs consumed skinks and invertebrates in the enclosures. The proportional change between capture sessions in numbers of captured juvenile McCann’s skinks (O. maccanni) declined with increasing hedgehog density. Similarly, the proportional change in the numbers of ground weta encountered in pitfall traps showed a highly significant negative relationship with increasing hedgehog density. Total species abundances and numbers in other demographic skink groups did not change significantly in relation to hedgehog density. For overall skink abundance estimates, there was an apparent trend suggesting that changes in abundance were more negative with increasing hedgehog density, but this did not reach statistical significance for either skink species. Conclusions Our results confirmed that hedgehogs are important predators of small native fauna, but suggested that highly abundant prey populations may be buffered against significant impacts. Implications Less abundant prey and some demographic groups within populations, however, may be at significant risk from hedgehog predation.
11
Rasmussen, Sophie Lund, Bettina Thuland Schrøder, Anne Berger, David W. Macdonald, Cino Pertoldi, Elodie Floriane Briefer, and Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup. "Facing Danger: Exploring Personality and Reactions of European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) towards Robotic Lawn Mowers." Animals 14, no. 1 (December 19, 2023): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14010002.
Full textAbstract:
The populations of European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) are in decline, and it is essential that research identifies and mitigates the factors causing this. Hedgehogs are increasingly sharing habitats with humans, being exposed to a range of dangers in our backyards. Previous research has documented that some models of robotic lawn mowers can cause harm to hedgehogs. This study explored the personality and behaviour of 50 live hedgehogs when facing an approaching, disarmed robotic lawn mower. By combining a novel arena and novel object test, we found that 27 hedgehogs could be categorised as “shy” and 23 as “bold”, independently of sex and age. The encounter tests with a robotic lawn mower showed that the hedgehogs positioned themselves in seven different ways. Personality did not affect their reactions. Adult hedgehogs tended to react in a shyer manner, and the hedgehogs, generally, acted less boldly during their second encounter with the robotic lawn mower. Additionally, our results show that bold individuals reacted in a more unpredictable way, being more behaviourally unstable compared to the shy individuals. This knowledge will be applied in the design of a standardised hedgehog safety test, eventually serving to produce and approve hedgehog-friendly robotic lawn mowers.
12
Kondoh, Daisuke, Yusuke Tanaka, Yusuke K. Kawai, Takayuki Mineshige, Kenichi Watanabe, and Yoshiyasu Kobayashi. "Morphological and Histological Features of the Vomeronasal Organ in African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)." Animals 11, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): 1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051462.
Full textAbstract:
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) detects specific chemicals such as pheromones and kairomones. Hedgehogs (Eulipotyphla: Erinaceidae) have a well-developed accessory olfactory bulb that receives projections from the VNO, but little is known about the hedgehog VNO. Here, we studied the histological features of the VNO in five individual African pygmy hedgehogs by hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Alcian blue stains. The hedgehog VNO comprises a hyaline cartilage capsule, soft tissue and epithelial lumen, and it branches from the site just before the incisive duct opening into the nasal cavity. The soft tissues contain several small mucous (or mucoserous) glands and a large serous gland, and many venous sinuses all around the lumen. The VNO lumen is round to oval throughout the hedgehog VNO, and the sensory epithelium lines almost the entire rostral part and medial wall of the middle part. These findings indicate that the VNO is functional and plays an important role in the hedgehog. Notably, the VNO apparently has a characteristic flushing mechanism with serous secretions like those of gustatory glands, which the hedgehog might frequently use to recognize the external environment.
13
Elliott, Todd F., James M. Trappe, and Aziz Türkoğlu. "Animal-fungal interactions 2: first report of mycophagy by the Eastern European Hedgehog Erinaceus concolor Martin, 1837 (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Erinaceidae)." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 9 (August 26, 2018): 12277. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4350.10.9.12277-12279.
Full textAbstract:
Mycophagy (fungivory) performs numerous important ecosystem functions for fungi, plants, and animals. Fungi serve as food for diverse mammals, ranging from bears, Ursus spp., to shrews, Sorex spp. However, among the many mammals reported to eat fungi, hedgehogs and other insectivores have been poorly studied. Based on microscopic examination of a fecal sample collected from an Eastern European Hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor) near Ula-Muğla, Turkey, we provide the first confirmed evidence of mycophagy by hedgehogs and review the literature on hedgehog mycophagy.
14
Martinez-Maure, Yves. "Geometric Study of Minkowski Differences of Plane Convex Bodies." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 58, no. 3 (June 1, 2006): 600–624. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2006-025-x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn the Euclidean plane ℝ2, we define the Minkowski difference 𝒦–𝓛 of two arbitrary convex bodies 𝒦, 𝓛 as a rectifiable closed curve ℋh⊂ ℝ2that is determined by the differenceh=h𝒦–h𝓛of their support functions. This curve ℋhis called the hedgehog with support functionh. More generally, the object of hedgehog theory is to study the Brunn–Minkowski theory in the vector space of Minkowski differences of arbitrary convex bodies of Euclidean space ℝn+1, defined as (possibly singular and self-intersecting) hypersurfaces of ℝn+1. Hedgehog theory is useful for: (i) studying convex bodies by splitting them into a sum in order to reveal their structure; (ii) converting analytical problems into geometrical ones by considering certain real functions as support functions. The purpose of this paper is to give a detailed study of plane hedgehogs, which constitute the basis of the theory. In particular: (i) we study their lengthmeasures and solve the extension of the Christoffel–Minkowski problemto plane hedgehogs; (ii) we characterize support functions of plane convex bodies among support functions of plane hedgehogs and support functions of plane hedgehogs among continuous functions; (iii) we study the mixed area of hedgehogs in ℝ2and give an extension of the classical Minkowski inequality (and thus of the isoperimetric inequality) to hedgehogs.
15
Ruszkowski, Jakub J., Mateusz Hetman, Hanna Turlewicz-Podbielska, and Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól. "Hedgehogs as a Potential Source of Zoonotic Pathogens—A Review and an Update of Knowledge." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061754.
Full textAbstract:
Hedgehogs are small insectivorous mammals common across Europe, Asia, and Africa. The increased encroachment of humans into hedgehog habitats has disrupted the human-animal-environment interface. With growing interest in the zoonotic diseases of wildlife species, more studies have been devoted to this subject in the last few years. These papers provide information about known and new emerging diseases. Here we review the current knowledge regarding bacterial, viral, protozoic, and mycotic pathogens with zoonotic potential and assess the importance of hedgehogs as their carriers. Both wild and pet hedgehogs were included in the review. Data from several countries and various hedgehog species were included. The study shows the importance of hedgehogs as carriers of zoonotic diseases and reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens in varied habitats.
16
Hof, Allen, and Bright. "Investigating the Role of the Eurasian Badger (Meles meles) in the Nationwide Distribution of the Western European Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in England." Animals 9, no. 10 (October 2, 2019): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9100759.
Full textAbstract:
Biodiversity is declining globally, which calls for effective conservation measures. It is, therefore, important to investigate the drivers behind species presence at large spatial scales. The Western European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is one of the species facing declines in parts of its range. Yet, drivers of Western European hedgehog distribution at large spatial scales remain largely unknown. At local scales, the Eurasian badger (Meles meles), an intraguild predator of the Western European hedgehog, can affect both the abundance and the distribution of the latter. However, the Western European hedgehog and the Eurasian badger have shown to be able to co-exist at a landscape scale. We investigated whether the Eurasian badger may play a role in the likelihood of the presence of the Western European hedgehog throughout England by using two nationwide citizen science surveys. Although habitat-related factors explained more variation in the likelihood of Western European hedgehog presence, our results suggest that Eurasian badger presence negatively impacts the likelihood of Western European hedgehog presence. Intraguild predation may, therefore, be influencing the nationwide distribution of hedgehogs in England, and further research is needed about how changes in badger densities and intensifying agricultural practices that remove shelters like hedgerows may influence hedgehog presence.
17
Gomes-Gonçalves, Sara, Sérgio Santos-Silva, Andreia V. S. Cruz, Clarisse Rodrigues, Vanessa Soeiro, Patrícia Barradas, and João R. Mesquita. "A Thorny Tale of Parasites: Screening for Enteric Protozoan Parasites in Hedgehogs from Portugal." Animals 14, no. 2 (January 21, 2024): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14020326.
Full textAbstract:
Enteric protozoan parasites, such as Blastocystis sp., Balantioides coli, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis, may have implications for both animal and human health.Transmitted through the fecal–oral route, these parasites cause symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. This study investigated the presence of these enteric protozoan parasites and genetically characterized them in hedgehogs from Portugal. A total of 110 hedgehog stool samples were collected. Molecular detection methods showed an overall occurrence of protozoa in 1.82% (2/110 95% CI: 0.22–6.41) of hedgehogs, with Blastocystis being found in one hedgehog and Cryptosporidium being found in another. No evidence for the presence of B. coli or G. duodenalis was found. This study suggests that there is a need to stay aware of hedgehogs as potential hosts of enteric protozoa. Ongoing research and surveillance efforts are recommended to explore practical prevention and control strategies. The results contribute to the limited knowledge of these parasites in Portuguese hedgehog populations and underscore their potential relevance to both veterinary and public health.
18
Gazzard, Abigail, Anne Boushall, Emma Brand, and Philip J. Baker. "An assessment of a conservation strategy to increase garden connectivity for hedgehogs that requires cooperation between immediate neighbours: A barrier too far?" PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 5, 2021): e0259537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259537.
Full textAbstract:
Urban areas are associated with high levels of habitat fragmentation. For some terrestrial species with limited climbing abilities, property boundaries can pose a significant problem by limiting access to residential gardens. The West European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) has declined markedly in the UK but is commonly found in areas of human habitation, including residential gardens. ‘Hedgehog Street’ is a public engagement campaign aimed at recruiting volunteers (‘Hedgehog Champions’) to create access points (‘hedgehog highways’) across garden boundaries to improve habitat connectivity. In this study, we used a series of questionnaire surveys to explore motivations for and obstacles to the creation of highways. Householders were more likely to have created a highway if they were already aware of the Hedgehog Street campaign, if their garden contained a high number of wildlife-friendly features and if they considered watching wildlife to be important. Hedgehog Champions created, on average, 1.69 highways each with 52.0% creating none; this would equate to an estimated >120,000 across all registered Champions. In comparison, 6.1–29.8% of non-Champions stated that they had made a highway. However, most highways had been created in boundaries that could already be traversed via naturally occurring holes: only 11.4% of garden boundaries could be traversed, and 3.2% of gardens accessed, just via a hedgehog highway. In addition, only 5.0% of gardens were considered totally inaccessible to hedgehogs. The most common reasons cited for not having made a highway were that householders’ gardens were already accessible to hedgehogs followed by concerns relating to boundary ownership and / or communicating with neighbours. Future studies need to identify strategies for overcoming these obstacles to maximize citizen engagement, particularly with those householders who are not innately “wildlife-friendly”, and to quantify the degree to which networks of highways affect patterns of individual movement and, ultimately, populations.
19
Mariacher, Alessia, Andrea Santini, Irene Del Lesto, Sara Tonon, Elena Cardini, Antonino Barone, Claudia Eleni, Gianluca Fichi, and Stefania Perrucci. "Endoparasite Infections of the European Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in Central Italy." Animals 11, no. 11 (November 6, 2021): 3171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113171.
Full textAbstract:
The European hedgehog is a synanthropic mammal, widely distributed in Europe. This species usually inhabits the edges of deciduous or mixed woods, but it is also very common in private gardens and public parks. Despite its popularity and frequency of contacts both with humans and with wild and domestic animals, few studies have examined the endoparasitic fauna of the hedgehog in Italy. In the present study, endoparasites of naturally deceased hedgehogs (n = 40) from central Italy (Latium and Tuscany regions) were investigated, along with concurrent gross and histopathological lesions. The most prevalent identified endoparasites were Crenosoma striatum (45%), Capillaria erinacei (42.5%) and Brachylaemus erinacei (22.5%), in accordance with previous reports from hedgehogs in southern Italy. In few subjects, Physaloptera clausa, Acanthocephalans and Cystoisospora rastegaeivae coccidia were also identified. The infection by the lungworm C. striatum was found to be significantly associated (p < 0.01) with bronchial hyperplasia and peribronchiolitis upon histopathological examination. Awareness of the most common parasitic infections in the hedgehog and of their effects on the health of these animals is extremely important, especially in wildlife rescue centers, where European hedgehog represents the most frequently hospitalized mammal species.
20
Kottferová, Lucia, Ladislav Molnár, Peter Major, Edina Sesztáková, Katarína Kuzyšinová, Vladimír Vrabec, and Jana Kottferová. "Hedgehog Dermatophytosis: Understanding Trichophyton erinacei Infection in Pet Hedgehogs and Its Implications for Human Health." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 12 (November 24, 2023): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9121132.
Full textAbstract:
Pet hedgehogs, which are increasingly favoured companions, have garnered attention due to their potential as carriers of zoonotic diseases. These small insectivorous mammals, native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, are commonly kept as pets. The encroachment of humans into hedgehog habitats has brought these animals closer to people, raising concerns about disease transmission. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding zoonotic disease associated with pet hedgehogs, with a particular focus on mycotic infections caused by Trichophyton erinacei. Data from various regions and hedgehog species are synthesised to assess the significance of pet hedgehogs as potential reservoirs and transmitters of zoonotic pathogens. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the health risks associated with pet hedgehogs and underscores the need for continued research to mitigate zoonotic disease transmission from these potentially disease-carrying companions.
21
Koizumi, Iori, Hina Tsukada, Daisuke Hayasaka, and Hiroshi Shimoda. "Comprehensive Surveillance of Virus Infection among Captive African Pygmy Hedgehogs in Japan." Viruses 14, no. 5 (April 21, 2022): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14050857.
Full textAbstract:
African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris) are popular exotic pets in Japan, and their breeding numbers have recently increased. Although various diseases have been reported in hedgehogs, including skin, respiratory, neurological, and neoplastic diseases, most of the causes remain unidentified. In this study, we investigated herpesvirus, adenovirus, and coronavirus infections among 150 African pygmy hedgehogs in Japan and evaluated the correlations between virus infection and diseases. A novel herpesvirus named Atelerix albiventris herpesvirus 1 (AAHeV), and African pygmy hedgehog adenovirus 1 (AhAdV-1) were detected in 14 and 3 oral swab samples, respectively. AAHeV infection may be related to neurological clinical signs. Interestingly, no hedgehog with a neoplastic disorder tested positive for AAHeV. Further research is required to determine the pathogenicity and prevalence of the detected viruses.
22
Mazo, Olga M. "WERE-HEDGEHOGS IN CHINESE TEXTS OF THE 10TH - 19TH CENTURIES." Folklore: structure, typology, semiotics 3, no. 1 (2020): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-5294-2020-3-1-10-26.
Full textAbstract:
In Chinese culture, hedgehog spirits refer to several types of spirits. These can be animal-demons that can transform into humans and interact with humans. Unlike other animals, for example, foxes, hedgehogs were not very popular characters. Several stories about them can be found in ‘Taiping guang ji’, ‘Taiping yu lan’ (10th century), as well as in a collection of tales about the weird, “Kui che zhi” (12th century). In most cases, hedgehogs, in the form of elderly people retaining some zoomorphic features, encounter humans in the yard or in the house and do not harm them. Another type of were-hedgehogs are sacred animals, the cult of whom spread during the Qing era and remains popular to this day. Those spirits, having settled in the family, ensure its prosperity and acquire the ability to shapeshift into humans only upon achieving immortality. Stories about various hedgehog spirits are presented in the collection by Li Qingcheng, “Zuicha’s Tales of the Weird” (“Zuicha zhiguai”), published in 1892. Those stories take place in Tianjin, where the cult of the white hedgehog was very popular. In some of those, the character displays features of different types of spirits.
23
Du, Shao Jun, Stephen H. Devoto, Monte Westerfield, and Randall T. Moon. "Positive and Negative Regulation of Muscle Cell Identity by Members of the hedgehog and TGF-β Gene Families." Journal of Cell Biology 139, no. 1 (October 6, 1997): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.139.1.145.
Full textAbstract:
We have examined whether the development of embryonic muscle fiber type is regulated by competing influences between Hedgehog and TGF-β signals, as previously shown for development of neuronal cell identity in the neural tube. We found that ectopic expression of Hedgehogs or inhibition of protein kinase A in zebrafish embryos induces slow muscle precursors throughout the somite but muscle pioneer cells only in the middle of the somite. Ectopic expression in the notochord of Dorsalin-1, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, inhibits the formation of muscle pioneer cells, demonstrating that TGF-β signals can antagonize the induction of muscle pioneer cells by Hedgehog. We propose that a Hedgehog signal first induces the formation of slow muscle precursor cells, and subsequent Hedgehog and TGF-β signals exert competing positive and negative influences on the development of muscle pioneer cells.
24
Silva, Gabriela Fernandes, Alexandra Rêma, Sílvia Teixeira, Maria dos Anjos Pires, Marian Taulescu, and Irina Amorim. "Pathological Findings in African Pygmy Hedgehogs Admitted into a Portuguese Rehabilitation Center." Animals 12, no. 11 (May 26, 2022): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12111361.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the pathologies that affect hedgehogs are diagnosed postmortem; thus, it is essential to share knowledge between clinicians and pathologists in order to recognize predispositions to diseases and to establish adequate diagnostic and therapeutic plans. This study aimed to describe the most relevant postmortem pathological conditions in a group of six rescued African pygmy hedgehogs, performed over a period of four months. Hedgehogs were submitted to necropsy examinations and subsequent histopathological analyses. Microscopically, all the studied hedgehogs revealed alterations in one or more organ systems. Although a significant and diverse number of pathological conditions were obtained, this study focused on less common or more relevant pathologies found in African pygmy hedgehogs—namely, wobbly hedgehog syndrome, squamous cell carcinoma and mast cell tumors. Furthermore, this study constitutes the first report of Mycobacterium spp. in hedgehogs in Portugal, the second report of follicular thyroid carcinoma in an African pygmy hedgehog, the description of a lipoid pneumonia for the first time in this species and a lung adenocarcinoma—a pathology rarely reported in African pygmy hedgehogs.
25
Rasmussen, Sophie Lund, Cino Pertoldi, Peter Roslev, Katrin Vorkamp, and Jeppe Lund Nielsen. "A Review of the Occurrence of Metals and Xenobiotics in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)." Animals 14, no. 2 (January 11, 2024): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14020232.
Full textAbstract:
Monitoring data from several European countries indicate that European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) populations are declining, and research exploring the causes of the decline, including exposure to potentially harmful xenobiotics and metals, may inform conservation initiatives to protect this species in the wild. Hedgehogs are ground-dwelling mammals, feeding on a range of insects, slugs, snails, and earthworms, as well as eggs, live vertebrates, and carrion, including carcasses of apex predator species representing higher levels of the food chain. Consequently, hedgehogs come into close contact with contaminants present in their habitats and prey. This review investigated the studies available on the subject of the occurrence of metals and organic xenobiotics in hedgehogs. This study found that a vast range of different pesticides; persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds and brominated flame retardants (BFRs); as well as toxic heavy metals could be detected. Some compounds occurred in lethal concentrations, and some were associated with a potential adverse effect on hedgehog health and survival. Due to their ecology, combined with the opportunity to apply non-invasive sampling techniques using spines as sampling material, we suggest that the European hedgehog is a relevant bioindicator species for monitoring the exposure of terrestrial wildlife to potential toxicants in urban and rural environments.
26
Kleeb, Silvia Regina, and Nathalia Cimadon. "Wobbly hedgedog (Atelerix albiventris) syndrome – review and case report." Clínica Veterinária XX, no. 118 (September 1, 2015): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.46958/rcv.2015.xx.n.118.p.94-103.
Full textAbstract:
Hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris) are commonly raised as pets, especially in North America. Lately, this costume has extended to South America, Europe and some Asian cities as well. There is therefore need for increased medical knowledge about this species, and its specific diseases. One of the most important illnesses of this species, the so-called Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome, is an unkown neurological degenerative disease characterized by unsteady gait. The present work is a literature review and a case report intended to expand the clinician’s knowledge about the increasingly frequent Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome.
27
DYACHENKO, V., Y. KUHNERT, R. SCHMAESCHKE, M. ETZOLD, N. PANTCHEV, and A. DAUGSCHIES. "Occurrence and molecular characterization ofCryptosporidiumspp. genotypes in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeusL.) in Germany." Parasitology 137, no. 2 (September 21, 2009): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009991089.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYJuvenile hedgehogs having insufficient body weight are often brought for overwintering to hedgehog rehabilitation centres. Faecal samples of juvenile hedgehogs and overwintering hedgehogs (n=188) collected prior to releasing them back into the wilderness were examined for the presence ofCryptosporidiumcoproantigen and oocysts. Altogether 56 (29·8%) submitted samples were positive for coproantigen. Forty-five (39·5%,n=114) of the positive samples originated from newly rescued hedgehogs, while 11 (14·8%,n=74) positive samples were from animals that spent several months at the station. Fifteen samples subjected to PCR-RFLP analysis on the partial 18S rRNA locus suggested the presence ofC. parvum. Multilocus sequence typing on partial 60 kDa glycoprotein gene, 18S rRNA, actin gene, 70 kDa heat shock protein gene sequences revealed 3 different subtype families: IIa, IIc and a new, proposed as VIIa subtype family.Cryptosporidiumsp. genotype belonging to VIIa subtype family is closely related toC. parvumbut is genetically distinct being probably a hedgehog-specificCryptosporidiumsp. genotype with unknown zoonotical potential. Hedgehogs excretingCryptosporidiumoocysts represent a potential source for human infections, but also an anthroponotic nature of the IIc subtype family should be reviewed.
28
Reeve, N. J. "The Survival and Welfare of Hedgehogs (Erinaceus Europaeus) After Release Back Into the Wild." Animal Welfare 7, no. 2 (May 1998): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600020492.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe fate of rescued hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) released back to the wild has now been the subject of several follow-up studies. Although subject to various hazards, released hedgehogs have clearly shown essential ‘life-skills’. However, all previous studies have involved releases into hedgehog-rich areas and the observed long-range (> 500m) dispersal movements shown by some subjects, of up to 5km, may be a consequence of local intraspecific competition. This study has reduced a number of potentially confounding subject variables and provides follow-up data on 12 age-matched female hedgehogs with similar histories. A main group (n = 10) was released into a rural woodland area (Surrey, UK) of low natural hedgehog density, and radio-tracked for up to 108 days. A pilot release of two animals in an urban area with an established hedgehog population also took place (tracked for 109 and 131 days respectively). Most of the main group dispersed (up to 3km) from the release site; the two animals in the urban site did not. These data, taken with those from previous studies, suggest that dispersal is not specifically the result of intraspecific competition. Overall survival at week 8 was 42per cent (5 hedgehogs) plus two lost animals. This is comparable with previous studies. However, survival fell to 25 per cent (3 animals) plus two lost animals by week 15. Of seven recorded deaths, only one was the result of a failure to thrive and all other mortalities were accidental: four road deaths, one drowned in a pond and one predation. The study concludes that the hazards of the human environment were the principal threat to the welfare and survival of released hedgehogs in the area.
29
Allen, Simon, Carolyn Greig, Ben Rowson, Robin B. Gasser, Abdul Jabbar, Simone Morelli, Eric R. Morgan, Martyn Wood, and Dan Forman. "DNA Footprints: Using Parasites to Detect Elusive Animals, Proof of Principle in Hedgehogs." Animals 10, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081420.
Full textAbstract:
The Western European Hedgehog (Erinaceous europaeus) is a nocturnal animal that is in decline in much of Europe, but the monitoring of this species is subjective, prone to error, and an inadequate basis for estimating population trends. Here, we report the use of Crenosoma striatum, a parasitic nematode specific to hedgehogs as definitive hosts, to detect hedgehog presence in the natural environment. This is achieved through collecting and sampling the parasites within their intermediate hosts, gastropoda, a group much simpler to locate and sample in both urban and rural habitats. C. striatum and Crenosoma vulpis were collected post-mortem from the lungs of hedgehogs and foxes, respectively. Slugs were collected in two sessions, during spring and autumn, from Skomer Island (n = 21), which is known to be free of hedgehogs (and foxes); and Pennard, Swansea (n = 42), known to have a healthy hedgehog population. The second internal transcribed spacer of parasite ribosomal DNA was used to develop a highly specific, novel, PCR based multiplex assay. Crenosoma striatum was found only at the site known to be inhabited by hedgehogs, at an average prevalence in gastropods of 10% in spring and autumn. The molecular test was highly specific: One mollusc was positive for both C. striatum and C. vulpis, and differentiation between the two nematode species was clear. This study demonstrates proof of principle for using detection of specific parasite DNA in easily sampled intermediate hosts to confirm the presence of an elusive nocturnal definitive host species. The approach has great potential as an adaptable, objective tool to supplement and support existing ecological survey methods.
30
Wright, Patrick G. R., Frazer G. Coomber, Chloe C. Bellamy, Sarah E. Perkins, and Fiona Mathews. "Predicting hedgehog mortality risks on British roads using habitat suitability modelling." PeerJ 7 (January 21, 2020): e8154. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8154.
Full textAbstract:
Road vehicle collisions are likely to be an important contributory factor in the decline of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in Britain. Here, a collaborative roadkill dataset collected from multiple projects across Britain was used to assess when, where and why hedgehog roadkill are more likely to occur. Seasonal trends were assessed using a Generalized Additive Model. There were few casualties in winter—the hibernation season for hedgehogs—with a gradual increase from February that reached a peak in July before declining thereafter. A sequential multi-level Habitat Suitability Modelling (HSM) framework was then used to identify areas showing a high probability of hedgehog roadkill occurrence throughout the entire British road network (∼400,000 km) based on multi-scale environmental determinants. The HSM predicted that grassland and urban habitat coverage were important in predicting the probability of roadkill at a national scale. Probabilities peaked at approximately 50% urban cover at a one km scale and increased linearly with grassland cover (improved and rough grassland). Areas predicted to experience high probabilities of hedgehog roadkill occurrence were therefore in urban and suburban environments, that is, where a mix of urban and grassland habitats occur. These areas covered 9% of the total British road network. In combination with information on the frequency with which particular locations have hedgehog road casualties, the framework can help to identify priority areas for mitigation measures.
31
Fiadotau, D. N., and Kh B. Yunusov. "MORPHOGENESIS AND EXTRAMEDULLARY HEMOPOESIS IN THE SPLEEN OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN HEDGEHOG." Transactions of the educational establishment “Vitebsk the Order of “the Badge of Honor” State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 57, no. 1 (2021): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52368/2078-0109-2021-57-1-68-72.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the research was to study histological peculiarities of the spleen structure of the East European hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor Linnaeus, 1758) in postnatal ontogenesis. For our investigation, 5 animals in each age group were selected; so 20 hedgehogs were studied in order to determine the extramedullary hematopoiesis. Terminology of the described histological structures of the spleen was used in compliance with the International Histological Nomenclature. For the first time it was found that extramedullary hematopoiesis which arises from the red pulp of the spleen is characteristic of the East European hedgehog inhabiting the territory of the Republic of Belarus.
32
Gago, Héctor, Robby M. Drechsler, and Juan S. Monrós. "Evaluating Different Factors That Affect the Nesting Patterns of European and Algerian Hedgehogs in Urban and Suburban Environments." Animals 13, no. 24 (December 7, 2023): 3775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13243775.
Full textAbstract:
Small undisturbed patches in urban environments serve as important refuges for wildlife, e.g., hedgehogs. However, the effects of urbanization on certain biological aspects, like nesting behavior, remain unknown. We captured and tracked the movement of 30 male hedgehogs of two co-existing species: Algerian and European hedgehogs. The study was carried out in Valencia (eastern Spain). We distinguished six macrohabitats and five subhabitats. We analyzed the proportions of the macro and subhabitats where nests were found to calculate a resource selection function and fit GLMs. Hedgehog nests tended to concentrate in areas with little human disturbance and were built in hedges or under bush-like vegetation. We did not find any significant differences between species or other considered groups. We noted that nests were distributed around hard-to-find suitable habitat patches. We even recorded a case of two males from both species simultaneously using one nest. Our results suggest that hedgehog conservation in urban environments can be improved by the correct management of forest patches by conserving bush-like vegetation and improving the connectivity between suitable patches with ecological corridors.
33
Hamilton, Julia Clare Francis. "Hedgehogs and Hedgehog-Head Boats in Ancient Egyptian Religion in the Late 3rd Millennium BCE." Arts 11, no. 1 (February 8, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts11010031.
Full textAbstract:
Hedgehogs held a special place in ancient Egyptian life like many other desert- and marsh-dwelling animals. Their natural defensive qualities were admired by ancient Egyptians and their bodily parts, notably their hardened spines, were used as ingredients in medico-magical prescriptions. In tomb reliefs of the late 3rd Millennium BCE, hedgehogs are represented being carried alive by offering bearers or as background participants in desert hunting scenes. In later periods of Egyptian history, rattles, small unguent vessels, and scaraboid amulets were made in their shape, all of which are presumed to have had apotropaic purposes. A particular votive object of the Old Kingdom (c. 2686–2181 BCE) is a palm-sized modelled boat with a prow in the shape of a hedgehog head, which has been discovered at sites throughout Egypt. A similar representation of this motif is the so-called ‘Henet’-boat (from the word ḥnt[j]) with a hedgehog head at the prow facing inwards, which is found in late Old Kingdom art. This article reassesses the role of hedgehogs as protective or apotropaic entities and their association with boats, considering how ancient Egyptians understood their ecology and their predation of snakes, scorpions, and similar stinging creatures. An updated list is provided of known representations of hedgehog-head boats, including petroglyphs and as yet unpublished examples from tombs at Giza and Saqqara. The meaning of the ancient Egyptian word ḥnt(j) is also rexamined in relation to the representation of riverine and marsh-water boats in Old Kingdom tombs.
34
Duening, Thomas. "The illusion of technique: sustained enterprise innovation as an aspirational problem." International Journal of Innovation Science 11, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-06-2017-0057.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper is based on insights from philosophy of science, centered in Gilbert Ryle’s notion of “category mistakes”. A category mistake occurs in a science when scholars have been thinking of a phenomenon as of a certain sort, when it is really nothing of the kind. This paper aims to claim that regarding sustained enterprise innovation (SEI) as a strictly operational problem commits such a category mistake. Instead, SEI is an aspirational problem and thus requires scholars to examine it from that perspective as well. Design/methodology/approach This paper begins by explicating Ryle’s notion of a category mistake. It develops the suggestion that innovation scholars have made such a mistake by thinking of innovation as a strictly operational problem. In reality, it is as much an aspirational problem. The paper then builds on the metaphor made famous by Isaiah Berlin, distinguishing between hedgehogs and foxes. A hedgehog is a leader who copes with the non-predictive nature of innovation. The paper builds on the findings from positive psychology and virtue epistemology to highlight how humans can act rationally in the face of non-predictive outcomes. Four virtues of hedgehog leadership are proposed and defined. Findings The paper concludes that hedgehog leadership is necessary for sustained enterprise innovation. It also concludes that hedgehogs can act rationally in pursuit of non-predictive outcomes by practicing a set of governing virtues. Research limitations/implications Further research needs to be conducted to validate the proposed governing virtues, to illuminate the optimal hedgehog/fox balance within the enterprise, and to validate through longitudinal work the impact of hedgehogs on sustained enterprise innovation. Practical implications Based on the continuing interest in innovation expressed by enterprise leaders around the world, hedgehogs are in increasing demand. Fortunately, hedgehogs can be made (and self-made) via deliberate practice of the governing virtues. Aspiring and current hedgehogs can be confident that practicing these virtues and becoming increasingly adept at their application will promote and effect enterprise innovation. Originality/value Very little research has been conducted on the aspirational aspect of SEI. This is an insidious gap in the literature, as it affects scholars and practitioners alike. Scholars are trapped in the “normal science” paradigm that treats the innovation problem as if it can be solved through operational techniques. This paper contends that this ubiquitous category mistake has led scholars down a blind alley. Instead, it is important for scholars and practitioners alike to view SEI as an aspirational problem that requires vastly different research frameworks and practitioner prescriptions.
35
Walker, Mark David. "The hedgehog tick, Ixodes hexagonus (Leach, 1815) (Acari: Ixodidae); The natural history and ecology of a nest ectoparasite." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 4 (April 11, 2018): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.4.9.
Full textAbstract:
Little is known about the biology of the tick, Ixodes hexagonus Leach 1815 a nest ectoparasite of hedgehogs. This is surprising as it is frequently encountered on domestic pets and is a known vector of various tick borne pathogens. This review examines the biology, life-history and population dynamics of I. hexagonus. The ability of I. hexagonus to transmit pathogens between hedgehog hosts means it could play an important role in the persistence of tick borne diseases. The favoured hedgehog hosts of I. hexagonus are frequently found in suburban habitats, thus it may be important in the maintenance of disease cycles in such areas.
36
HANDELAND, K., T. REFSUM, B. S. JOHANSEN, G. HOLSTAD, G. KNUTSEN, I. SOLBERG, J. SCHULZE, and G. KAPPERUD. "Prevalence of Salmonella Typhimurium infection in Norwegian hedgehog populations associated with two human disease outbreaks." Epidemiology and Infection 128, no. 3 (June 2002): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268802007021.
Full textAbstract:
Faecal carriage of salmonella was investigated in 320 hedgehogs from Moss municipality in south-eastern Norway, Askøy, Bergen and Os municipalities in central-western Norway, and five municipalities in south-western and central Norway. The sampling in Moss was carried out 1 year after a human outbreak of salmonellosis, whereas the sampling in Askøy, Bergen and Os was carried out during a human outbreak. Both outbreaks were caused by Salmonella Typhimurium 4,5,12[ratio ]i[ratio ]1,2. No salmonella were detected in the hedgehogs from south-western (0/115) and central (0/24) Norway. Thirty-nine percent (39/99) of the animals sampled on Jeløy, and 41% (34/82) of those from Askøy, Bergen and Os, carried S. Typhimurium 4,5,12[ratio ]i[ratio ]1,2. The PFGE profile of isolates from hedgehogs and human beings were identical within each of the two outbreak areas. A significantly higher carrier rate of S. Typhimurium occurred among hedgehogs sampled at feeding places, compared to those caught elsewhere. The salmonella-infected hedgehog populations most likely constituted the primary source of infection during both of the human disease outbreaks, and the Norwegian hedgehog is suggested as a reservoir host of S. Typhimurium 4,5,12[ratio ]i[ratio ]1,2.
37
Prakasa, Rigel Kurniawan, Arso Setiaji, and Rahmawati Sukmaningrum. "AN ANALYSIS ON ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS AS USED BY “SONIC” IN SONIC THE HEDGEHOC MOVIE." Wawasan Pendidikan 3, no. 1 (February 20, 2023): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i1.12123.
Full textAbstract:
Language is a tool for communication. This means that apart from being a communication tool, it is also a channel for formulating intentions, ideas, opinions, giving birth to feelings and making a collaboration. Communication as an opening to extend far beyond the domain of words. Illocutionary acts are actions that are difficult to identify. Not only imparting knowledge to someone, but also doing something. Permissions, requests, offers, promises and other illocutionary behavior are common. Therefore, the writer is interested in conducting a study on the film Sonic the Hedgehoc, and wants to explore the utterances and illocutionary acts contained in the film Sonic The Hedgehog. Sonic the Hedgehoc was produced in 2020. This film is an animated film adapted from a game. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. The author investigates and evaluates the conversations of the main character Sonic in the film Sonic The Hedgehog. The findings show that, the type of illocutionary act that is often used by Sonic is the type of expressive illocutionary act with a value of 56% with 156 utterances. It can be concluded that the most use of illusion acts in the film "Sonic The Hedgehoc" is expressive.
38
Rasmussen, Sophie Lund, Thomas B. Berg, Helle Jakobe Martens, and Owen R. Jones. "Anyone Can Get Old—All You Have to Do Is Live Long Enough: Understanding Mortality and Life Expectancy in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)." Animals 13, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040626.
Full textAbstract:
The European hedgehog is in decline, triggering a need to monitor population dynamics to optimise conservation initiatives directed at this species. By counting periosteal growth lines, we determined the age of 388 dead European hedgehogs collected through citizen science in Denmark. The overall mean age was 1.8 years (1.6 years for females and 2.1 years for males), ranging between 0 and 16 years. We constructed life tables showing life expectancies at 2.1 years for females and 2.6 years for males. We discovered that male hedgehogs were more likely to have died in traffic than females, but traffic-related deaths peaked in July for both sexes. A sex difference was detected for non-traffic deaths, as most males died in July, and most females died in September. We created empirical survivorship curves and hazard curves showing that the risk of death for male hedgehogs remains approximately constant with age. In contrast, the risk of death for females increases with age. Most of the collected road-killed individuals died in rural habitats. The degree of inbreeding did not influence longevity. These new insights are important for preparing conservation strategies for the European hedgehog.
39
Jones, Robert G., Xiufen Li, Phillip D. Gray, Jinqiu Kuang, Frederic Clayton, Wade S. Samowitz, Blair B. Madison, Deborah L. Gumucio, and Scott K. Kuwada. "Conditional deletion of β1 integrins in the intestinal epithelium causes a loss of Hedgehog expression, intestinal hyperplasia, and early postnatal lethality." Journal of Cell Biology 175, no. 3 (November 6, 2006): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200602160.
Full textAbstract:
Conditional deletion of β1 integrins in the intestinal epithelium, unlike in epidermal and mammary epithelia, of mice does not result in decreased cell adhesion and proliferation, but instead causes a profound increase in epithelial proliferation with dysplasia and polypoid structures. The increased epithelial proliferation inhibited epithelial differentiation that caused severe malnutrition and early postnatal lethality. The striking similarities between β1 integrin–deleted mice and neonatal mice with defective Hedgehog signaling led to the discovery that Hedgehog expression was markedly reduced in the former mice. β1 integrins were found to drive the expression of Hedgehogs in intestinal epithelial cells in an HNF-3β (Foxa2)–dependent fashion. The expression of Tcf-4, a transcription factor known to be required for intestinal epithelial stem cell proliferation, was increased and mislocalized in the intestinal epithelia of the β1 integrin–deleted mice and in newborn mice treated with the Hedgehog signaling inhibitor cyclopamine. This study shows that β1 integrins are key regulators of proliferation and homeostasis in the intestine and achieve this not through anchorage-dependent effects but by generating Hh expression and signaling.
40
Bearman-Brown, Lucy E., and Philip J. Baker. "An Estimate of the Scale and Composition of the Hedgehog (Erinaceus europeaus) Rehabilitation Community in Britain and the Channel Islands." Animals 12, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 3139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12223139.
Full textAbstract:
The conservation benefits of wildlife rehabilitation are equivocal, but could be substantial for formerly common species that are declining rapidly but are still commonly admitted to wildlife centres. We used a questionnaire survey to estimate the number of practitioners rehabilitating West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Britain and the numbers entering hospitals/centres in one benchmark year (2016); practitioners were identified using an internet search and snowball sampling. Overall, 304 rehabilitators were identified: 148 supplied data on their structure, and 174 outlined the number of hedgehogs admitted in 2016. The former comprised 62.6% small (≤50 hedgehogs admitted year−1), 16.7% medium-sized (51–250 yr−1), and 20.7% large (>250 yr−1) hospitals; however, these accounted for 4.8%, 12.4%, and 82.8% of hedgehog admissions, respectively. Small hospitals were less likely to be registered as a charity, have paid staff, have a social media account, to record admissions electronically, or to conduct post-release monitoring. However, they were more likely to operate from their home address and to have been established for ≤5 years. Extrapolations indicate that this rehabilitation community admitted >40,000 hedgehogs in 2016, of which approximately 50% could have been released. These figures suggest that wildlife rehabilitation has potentially been an important factor in the dynamics of hedgehog populations in Britain in the last two decades.
41
Avci, Oktay. "Hedgehog." Turkish Journal of Dermatology / Türk Dermatoloji Dergisi 6, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/tdd.2012.35.
Full text
42
Ferent, Julien, and Elisabeth Traiffort. "Hedgehog." Neuroscientist 21, no. 4 (April 17, 2014): 356–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858414531457.
Full text
43
Thompson, Lesa A., Atsuya Morita, Shoko Murakami, Noboru Sasaki, Miou Murashita, Ryou Yamazaki, Atsushi Kobayashi, Takashi Kimura, and Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi. "Wobbly hedgehog syndrome with disseminated histiocytic sarcoma and lateral ventricular meningioma in an African pygmy hedgehog." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 32, no. 6 (November 2020): 953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638720958767.
Full textAbstract:
An 8-mo-old male African pygmy hedgehog was anorectic and ataxic; physical examination revealed tetraparesis and a gangrenous left hindlimb. Analgesic and supportive care were administered, but the animal died 3 d after presentation. Postmortem examination revealed a histiocytic sarcoma in a mesenteric lymph node with metastasis to several organs, multifocal vacuolation in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter, and a meningioma in the left lateral ventricle. We diagnosed wobbly hedgehog syndrome (WHS) with disseminated histiocytic sarcoma and lateral ventricular meningioma. Ventricular meningioma, a rare neoplasm in veterinary and human patients, has not been reported previously in hedgehogs, to our knowledge. The neurologic signs in our case were probably caused by the WHS-related vacuolar lesions and are consistent with those of reported WHS cases. Duration of illness was shorter than is typical of WHS cases, which might be related to the disseminated histiocytic sarcoma. Clinical relevance of the lateral ventricular meningioma was not evident because the ventricular mass was localized and not invasive.
44
Graesser, Donnasue, Terry R. Spraker, Priscilla Dressen, Michael M. Garner, James T. Raymond, Gordon Terwilliger, Jung Kim, and Joseph A. Madri. "Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome in African Pygmy Hedgehogs (Atelerix spp.)." Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 15, no. 1 (January 2006): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2005.11.010.
Full text
45
PFÄFFLE, M., T. PETNEY, M. ELGAS, J. SKUBALLA, and H. TARASCHEWSKI. "Tick-induced blood loss leads to regenerative anaemia in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus)." Parasitology 136, no. 4 (February 16, 2009): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009005514.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYAlthough there is an increasing understanding of the role of parasites in their host dynamics, accurate, quantitative estimates of parasite caused morbidity in wild animals are rare. Here, we examine the possible impact of 2 tick species (Ixodes ricinus, I. hexagonus) on the condition of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus). For this, we tested for correlations between blood parameters of 36 adult hedgehogs from an experimental population enclosed in a natural habitat and their tick infestation over a period of 8 months (March–October 2007). We found correlations between the tick infestation and the concentration of red blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, MCH, MCHC, thrombocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils. These results indicate that ticks can induce anaemia in the hedgehog. The peripheral blood characteristics and the erythrocyte indices characterize this anaemia as haemorrhagic and regenerative. During the course of our study the hedgehogs of our population showed below normal mortality but morbidity was found to be high resulting from the blood loss caused by the feeding activity of the ticks.
46
Thrift, Emily, Pierre Nouvellet, and Fiona Mathews. "Plastic Entanglement Poses a Potential Hazard to European Hedgehogs Erinaceus europaeus in Great Britain." Animals 13, no. 15 (July 28, 2023): 2448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13152448.
Full textAbstract:
A questionnaire to gather evidence on the plastic entanglement of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) was sent to 160 wildlife rehabilitation centres in Great Britain. Fifty-four responses were received, and 184 individual admissions owing to plastic entanglement were reported. Death was the outcome for 46% (n = 86) of these cases. A high proportion of Britain’s hedgehogs enter rehabilitation centres annually (approximately 5% of the national population and potentially 10% of the urban population), providing a robust basis for assessing the minimum impacts at a national level. We estimate that 4000–7000 hedgehog deaths per year are attributable to plastic, with the true rate likely being higher, since many entangled hedgehogs—in contrast to those involved in road traffic accidents—will not be found. Population modelling indicates that this excess mortality is sufficient to cause population declines. Although the scale of the impact is much lower than that attributable to traffic, it is nevertheless an additional pressure on a species that is already in decline and presents a significant welfare issue to a large number of individuals.
47
Larsen, Jesper, Claire L. Raisen, Xiaoliang Ba, Nicholas J. Sadgrove, Guillermo F. Padilla-González, Monique S. J. Simmonds, Igor Loncaric, et al. "Emergence of methicillin resistance predates the clinical use of antibiotics." Nature 602, no. 7895 (January 5, 2022): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04265-w.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe discovery of antibiotics more than 80 years ago has led to considerable improvements in human and animal health. Although antibiotic resistance in environmental bacteria is ancient, resistance in human pathogens is thought to be a modern phenomenon that is driven by the clinical use of antibiotics1. Here we show that particular lineages of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus—a notorious human pathogen—appeared in European hedgehogs in the pre-antibiotic era. Subsequently, these lineages spread within the local hedgehog populations and between hedgehogs and secondary hosts, including livestock and humans. We also demonstrate that the hedgehog dermatophyte Trichophyton erinacei produces two β-lactam antibiotics that provide a natural selective environment in which methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates have an advantage over susceptible isolates. Together, these results suggest that methicillin resistance emerged in the pre-antibiotic era as a co-evolutionary adaptation of S. aureus to the colonization of dermatophyte-infected hedgehogs. The evolution of clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in wild animals and the connectivity of natural, agricultural and human ecosystems demonstrate that the use of a One Health approach is critical for our understanding and management of antibiotic resistance, which is one of the biggest threats to global health, food security and development.
48
Ho, Louisa, and Benjamin Alman. "Protecting the hedgerow: p53 and Hedgehog pathway interactions." Cell Cycle 9, no. 3 (February 2010): 506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.9.3.10552.
Full text
49
Jota Baptista, Catarina, Paula A. Oliveira, José M. Gonzalo-Orden, and Fernanda Seixas. "Do Urban Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) Represent a Relevant Source of Zoonotic Diseases?" Pathogens 12, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020268.
Full textAbstract:
Urban fauna is defined as animal species that can live in urban environments. Several species, including the western-European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), have now been identified as part of this urban fauna, becoming permanent residents of parks and gardens in different cities across Europe. Due to the importance that this phenomenon represents for zoonotic disease surveillance, several authors have been conducting zoonotic agents’ surveys on hedgehog. The aim of this study is to compare zoonotic diseases’ prevalence in hedgehogs in urban environments with those from more rural areas. A systematic review with meta-analysis of twelve studied of zoonotic diseases’ (in urban and rural areas of Europe) was therefore conducted for this purpose. Fifteen different zoonoses have been assessed in urban environments and six in rural areas. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was the most prevalent zoonotic agent found in urban habitats (96%). Dermatophytosis shows statistically significant differences between locations (p-value < 0.001), with a higher prevalence in urban Poland (55%; n = 182). Our results suggest further research and a standardized monitoring of different hedgehog populations are essential to understanding the epidemiology of several zoonotic pathogens in different habitat types (urban, rural, natural, industrial, etc.) and preventing possible disease outbreaks.
50
Budiono, Novericko Ginger, Nicole Ting Qian Wen, and Punithe Raj A/L Rajendran. "Successful treatment of Caparinia tripilis infestation with ivermectin in an African pygmy hedgehog." ARSHI Veterinary Letters 7, no. 3 (November 23, 2023): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/avl.7.3.55-56.
Full textAbstract:
Acariasis is a prevalent disease in Atelerix albiventris or African pygmy hedgehogs, with Caparinia tripilis being the main aetiologic agent. This case report describes a single instance of C. tripilis mange in a 16-month-old African pygmy hedgehog detected through clinical and microscopic skin scraping investigations. The owner brought the hedgehog to the IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, complaining about inappetence, intense pruritus, diarrhoea, and crusts in the patient. Faecal native and flotation showed no helminthic or protozoan parasites. The treatment comprised subcutaneous ivermectin application at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg body weight. The control was made 14 and 28 days after the first hospital visit, with ivermectin applications at the same dose (three doses in total and two weeks apart from each dose). Microscopic examination of the skin scrapings was performed on days 14 and 28, and C. tripilis was not observed in these examinations. Complete clinical improvement was observed during the two control examinations. This is the first report to describe the use of a three-dose (two weeks apart) of ivermectin to treat capariniasis in an African pygmy hedgehog in Indonesia.