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1

Agarwal, P. "Magnetism and superconductivity in heavy-fermion metals." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595373.

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One of the key challenges of contemporary condensed matter physics is to understand how the large variety of states of matter arises in electron systems. While the basic force is in all cases the electrostatic Coulomb interaction, the variety of states of matter spans an impressively broad spectrum, ranging from insulators to superconductors, and including a variety of magnetic phases. In recent years, a series of new, emergent phenomena have added more exotic states to the list of known behaviour in metallic systems, and some of them defy the standard descriptions of 'normal' metals, known as Fermi liquid theory. Examples of these new phenomena include the fractional quantum-Hall effect, high temperature superconductivity and magnetic quantum phase transitions, which are at the focus of this dissertation. Such phase transitions occur when magnetic order is suppressed at low temperatures by means of an external control parameter, such as pressure, doping or applied field. In the vicinity of such a transition, unusual properties are expected due to strong, long range magnetic interactions, which can lead to unconventional normal states and, quite generally, to exotic forms of superconductivity. More specifically, I have studied high purity single crystals of two f-electron metals, namely CeNi2Ge2 and UGe2, both close to their critical lattice densities, and examined the behaviour of their electrical resistivity as a function of temperature and pressure. CeNi2Ge2 at ambient pressure is naturally very close to antiferromagnetic ordering, and for the first time, CeNi2Ge2 is shown to be an unconventional superconductor at ambient pressure at about Tc ≃ 200mK. Furthermore, the normal state of CeNi2Ge2 displays an unconventional power-law of the form Δp ˜ T1.2 over 2 decades in temperature. As pressure is applied a slow return to Fermi liquid behaviour is observed at the lowest temperatures, before a second (and as yet unidentified) ordered phase sets in at high pressures. The second system studied in this dissertation is the ferromagnet UGe2, in which magnetism can be suppressed by pressures of about 1.4 GPa. In this material, too, superconductivity is observed at low temperatures over a narrow pressure range, but in the ferromagnetically ordered phase. I present preliminary measurements together with a phase diagram. It seems that UGe2 is the first example of an itinerant ferromagnetic superconductor. Experimental work was carried out using a new adiabatic demagnetization cryostat, specially designed and built as an important part of the research project. The thesis describes the design of the instrument, which allows high sensitivity measurements of the resistivity over a wide range in temperature with high reliability.
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2

Mathur, Neil David. "Quantum order in heavy fermion systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388485.

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3

De, Sa Paul Agnelo. "Effects of boundaries and impurities on critical systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282332.

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4

Dai, Ji. "Low-dimensional electron systems studied by angle- and spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS345.

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Les matériaux dans lesquels des interactions à plusieurs particules, un confinement de faible dimension et/ou un fort couplage spin-orbite sont présents témoignent d’une grande variété de phénomènes, mais sont encore mal compris. Des informations essentielles sur l’origine de tels phénomènes peuvent être obtenues en mesurant leur structure électronique. Cette thèse présente une étude expérimentale de la structure électronique de matériaux de faible dimension et/ou fortement corrélés présentant un intérêt fondamental actuel, en utilisant la spectroscopie par photoémission résolue en angle et en spin (ARPES et SARPES).Dans la partie introductive, je présente mon travail sur deux exemples de type "livre de texte", mais innovants, montrant comment les interactions affectent la structure de bande d'un matériau: le couplage des électrons avec des phonons dans une distribution de Debye dans un système électronique à deux dimensions (2DES) dans ZnO, semi-conducteur à oxyde à bande interdite large utilisé dans les applications photovoltaïques, et le dédoublement induit par un fort couplage spin-orbite (SOC) dans la bande de valence du ZnTe, un autre semi-conducteur important utilisé dans les dispositifs optoélectroniques. Ensuite, dans la suite de cette thèse, je discute de mes résultats originaux dans trois systèmes différents de basse dimensionnalité et d'intérêt actuel en recherche : 1.La réalisation d'un 2DES à la surface (110) de SnO₂, le premier du genre dans une structure rutile. L'ajustabilité de la densité de ses porteurs au moyen de la température ou du dépôt d'Eu, et la robustesse vis-à-vis les reconstructions de surface et l'exposition aux conditions ambiantes rendent ce 2DES prometteur pour les applications. Au moyen d'une simple réaction redox à la surface, ces travaux ont prouvé que les lacunes en oxygène pouvaient doper la bande de conduction à la surface de SnO₂, résolvant ainsi un problème longtemps débattu concernant le rôle desdites lacunes dans le dopage de type n dans SnO₂. 2.L'étude des états de surface topologiques dans M₂Te₂X (avec M = Hf, Zr ou Ti; et X = P ou As), une nouvelle famille de métaux topologiques en trois dimensions, provenant du SOC et étant protégés par la symétrie du renversement du temps. Leur structure électronique et leur texture de spin, étudiées par ARPES et SARPES, révèlent la présence de fermions de Dirac sans masse donnant naissance à des arcs de nœuds de Dirac. 3.L'étude du matériau YbNi₄P₂ à fermions lourds quasi unidimensionnel, qui présente une transition de phase quantique de second ordre d’une phase ferromagnétique à une phase paramagnétique de liquide de Fermi lors de la substitution partielle du phosphore par l'arséniure. Une telle transition ne devrait se produire que dans les systèmes zéro ou unidimensionnels, mais la mesure directe de la structure électronique des matériaux ferromagnétiques quantiques critiques faisait jusqu'à présent défaut. Grâce à une préparation et nettoyage méticuleux in situ de la surface des monocristaux YbNi₄P₂, qui sont impossibles à cliver, leur structure électronique a été mesurée avec succès au moyen de l'ARPES, dévoilant ainsi le caractère quasi-1D, nécessaire à la compréhension de la criticité quantique ferromagnétique, dans YbNi₄P₂. Le protocole utilisé pour rendre ce matériau accessible à l'ARPES peut être facilement généralisé à d'autres matériaux exotiques dépourvus de plan de clivage
Materials in which many-body interactions, low-dimensional confinement, and/or strong spin-orbit coupling are present show a rich variety of phenomena, but are still poorly understood. Essential information about the origin of such phenomena can be obtained by measuring their electronic structure. This thesis presents an experimental study of the electronic structure of some low-dimensional and/or strongly correlated materials of current fundamental interest, using angle- and spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES and SARPES). In the introductory part, I present my work on two innovative textbook examples showing how interactions affect the band structure of a material: the coupling of electrons with phonons in a Debye distribution in a two-dimensional electron system (2DES) in ZnO, a wide-band-gap oxide semiconductor used in photovoltaic applications, and the splitting induced by strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in the bulk valence band of ZnTe, another important semiconductor used in optoelectronic devices. Then, in the rest of this thesis, I discuss my original results in three different low-dimensional systems of current interest: 1.The realisation of a 2DES at the (110) surface of SnO₂, the first of its kind in a rutile structure. Tunability of its carrier density by means of temperature or Eu deposition and robustness against surface reconstructions and exposure to ambient conditions make this 2DES promising for applications. By means of a simple redox reaction on the surface, this work has proven that oxygen vacancies can dope the conduction band minimum at the surface of SnO₂, solving a long-debated issue about their role in n-type doping in SnO₂. 2.The study of topological surface states in M₂Te₂X (with M = Hf, Zr, or Ti; and X = P or As), a new family of three-dimensional topological metals, originating from SOC and being protected by time-reversal symmetry. Their electronic structure and spin texture, studied by ARPES and SARPES, reveal the presence of massless Dirac fermions giving rise to Dirac-node arcs. 3.The investigation of the quasi-one-dimensional heavy-fermion material YbNi₄P₂, which presents a second-order quantum phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic phase upon partial substitution of phosphorous by arsenide. Such a transition is expected to occur only in zero- or one-dimensional systems, but a direct measurement of the electronic structure of ferromagnetic quantum-critical materials was missing so far. By careful in-situ preparation and cleaning of the surface of YbNi₄P₂ single crystals, which are impossible to cleave, their electronic structure has been successfully measured by ARPES, thus effectively unveiling the quasi-one-dimensionality of YbNi₄P₂. Moreover, the protocol used to make this material accessible to ARPES can be readily generalised to other exotic materials lacking a cleavage plane
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5

Brammall, M. I. "Stoner criteria in transition metal oxides and heavy fermions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1648/.

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This thesis is an examination of the uses of mean-field theory in problems of the theory of strongly-correlated electronic systems, particularly to the problem of orbital ordering in transition metal oxides. We will apply mean-field theory to various models for orbital ordering of transition metal oxides, and also show that mean-field theory is not as bad an approximation as it might initially seem. We are also interested modelling superconductivity in heavy fermion systems. We conclude from our modelling on transition metal oxides that the mean-field theory we use based on the Stoner criterion will not be adequate to model such complicated phenomena. We propose an alternate mean-field theory based on non-linear fermionic transformations which we introduce. We suggest further improvements in the form of a non-orthogonal transformation, which we also introduce. As a diversion, we model frustrated antiferromagnetism on a pyrochlore lattice. The particular material is Gd\(_2\)Ti\(_2\)O\(_7\). We show that there are many effects in competition with each other. We conclude with a proposed magnetic structure which appears to be a better fit to experimental data than previous suggestions.
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6

Yamanaka, Takayoshi. "NMR studies on superlattices consisting of heavy fermion CeCoIn5 and conventional metal YbCoIn5." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215297.

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7

Freeman, Eric J. "Heavy Fermi and non-Fermi liquid behavior, superconductivity and magnetism in f-electron metals /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3013710.

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8

Kuntz, Sebastian [Verfasser], and H. v. [Akademischer Betreuer] Löhneysen. "Thermal Expansion and Magnetostriction of the Partially Frustrated Heavy-Fermion Metal CePd$_1-x}$Ni$_x$Al at Low Temperatures / Sebastian Kuntz ; Betreuer: H. v. Löhneysen." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1184990107/34.

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9

Ponchet, Anne. "Etude des systèmes de fermions lourds UPt3 et CeRu2Si2 à haute pression : régime liquide de Fermi et phase polarisée sous champ magnétique." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10014.

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Mesures, sous tres haute pression, de la resistivite et de l'aimantation de deux composes a fermions lourds ceru::(2)si::(2) et upt::(3). Les mesures de transport ont ete realisees de 300 k a 1 k pour upt::(3) et jusqu'a 30 mk pour ceru::(2)si::(2). Mesure de la magnetoresistance de ceru::(2)si::(2) a 4,2 k jusqu'a 19 t et de son aimantation entre 4,2 k et 40 k
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10

Villar, Arribi Pablo. "Fermions lourds et métaux de Hund dans les supraconducteurs à base de fer." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY070/document.

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Matériaux dans lesquels les électrons responsables des propriétés de basse énergie son soumis à fortes corrélations sont aujourd'hui très étudiés à la recherche de nouvelles phases émergentes aux propriétés surprenantes et/ou utiles.Les supraconducteurs à base de fer (IBSC) sont maintenant considérés dans cette classe de composés. En utilissant des techniques multi-corps nécessaires pour le traitement théorique de ces corrélations (théorie du champ moyen de spin esclave - SSMFT et théorie du champ moyen dynamique - DMFT - en conjonction avec la théorie du fonctionnelle de la densité, DFT), dans cette thèse, j'etudie plusieurs propriétés d'IBSC.D’abord, j'analyse les composés très dopés de la famille de IBSC, qui montrent expérimentalement certains comportements typiques des ``fermions lourds'', des composés typiquement des terres rares ou des actinides, où des électrons extrêmement corrélés coexistent avec des électrons moins corrélés. En particulier je me concentre sur la chaleur spécifique et le pouvoir thermoélectrique et je montre comment ces propriétés peuvent être comprises dans le paradigme récemment développé ``métaux de Hund''. En effet, l’échange intra-atomique (le ``couplage de Hund'') est responsable de ces matériaux à éléments métal de transition en montrant la physique des fermions lourds. Je montre aussi que les caractéristiques typiquement fermions-lourds du spectre d’excitation, connues car les singularités de Van Hove sont bien capturées par notre modélisation au sein de DFT+SSMFT. J'utilise ensuite DMFT dans un modèle afin d'étudier l'impact direct des singularités de Van Hove sur la force des corrélations.Dans une seconde partie, je montre comment FeSe, le IBSC actuellement le plus étudié, se trouve également dans une phase métal de Hund, mais il est amené à la frontière de cette phase par la pression. Cette frontière est liée à une augmentation de la compressibilité électronique qui est positivement corrélée à l’augmentation de la supraconductivité trouvée dans les expériences.Je réalise une étude analogue sur le détenteur du record pour la température supraconductrice critique la plus élevée, la monocouche FeSe où je trouve également une compressibilité augmentée. Cela appuie la récente proposition selon laquelle la frontière du métal de Hund favorise la supraconductivité à haute température.Enfin, j'étudie la nature du magnétisme dans une autre famille de IBSC, les germanides de fer. J'explore différents ordres magnétiques possibles avec des simulations DFT et leur concurrence (ce qui peut en principe favoriser la supraconductivité) dans plusieurs composés où différents substitutions sont appliquées au composé parent YFe2Ge2. J'étudie également l'effet de la pression chimique sur ce composé
Materials where the electrons responsible for the low-energy properties experience strong correlations are today very investigated in search of emerging new phases with surprising and/or useful properties. Iron-based superconductors (IBSC) are now considered in this class of compounds. Using the many-body techniques necessary for the theoretical treatment of these correlations (slave-spin mean field theory - SSMFT- and dynamical mean field theory - DMFT- in conjunction with density functional theory, DFT), in this thesis I address several properties of IBSC.First I analyze the very hole-doped compounds in the IBSC family, that show experimentally some behaviors typical of the so-called “heavy fermions”, compounds typically of rare earth or actinides, where extremely correlated electrons coexist with others less correlated. In particular I focus on the specific heat and the thermoelectric power and show how these properties can be understood in the recently developed paradigm of “Hund’s metals”. Indeed the intra-atomic exchange (the “Hund’s coupling”) is responsible for these materials of transition metal elements showing heavy-fermionic physics. I show also that typical heavy-fermionic features of the excitation spectrum, known as Van Hove singularities are well captured by our modelization within DFT+SSMFT. I then use DMFT in a model in order to study the direct impact of the Van Hove singularities on the strength of correlations.In a second part I show how FeSe, the presently most studied IBSC, is also in a Hund’s metal phase, but it is brought to the frontier of this phase by pressure. This frontier is connected to an enhancement of the electronic compressibility which correlates positively then with the enhancement of superconductivity found in experiments. I perform an analogous study on the record holder for the highest critical superconducting temperature, the monolayer FeSe where I also find an enhanced compressibility. This supports the recent proposal that the frontier of a Hund's metal favors high-temperature superconductivity.Finally I study the nature of magnetism in another family of IBSC, the iron-germanides. I explore different possible magnetic orders with DFT simulations and study their competition (which can in principle favor superconductivity) in several compounds where different chemical substitutions are applied to the parent compound YFe2Ge2. I also study the effect of chemical pressure on this compound
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11

Zemirli, Saliha. "Etude sous haute pression de quelques fermions lourds : effets de cohérence et ordre magnétique." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10148.

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Mesures de conductivite sous haute pression a differentes temperatures pour ceal::(2), cecu::(2) et cecu::(6). Etudes par diffraction de neutrons, resistivite thermique et electrique, pouvoir thermoelectrique interpretees a l'aide de differents modeles
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12

Kerschl, Peter. "Magnetisierungsmessungen in hohen magnetischen Impulsfeldern." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1155114785406-30409.

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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden vor allem das Auftreten und der Mechanismus von feldinduzierten Übergängen und der damit verbundenen kritischen Felder untersucht. Die verwendete Magnetisierungsmessmethode ist auf die bestehende Impulsfeldanlage des IFW Dresden abgestimmt. Die Magnetisierung in Feldern bis zu 48 T wurde gemessen. Erstmals wurde für Sm2Fe17N3 der Anisotropiekoeffizient aus der Kombination der Messung des Austauschfeldes mittels inelastischer Neutronenstreuung und der Messung der Anisotropiekonstanten K1 am gleichen Material bestimmt. Für den führenden Anisotropiekoeffizienten konnte mit K1 von rund 13 MJ/m³ der Wert A20<r²> = -28 meV bestimmt werden. Der in SmCo2,5Cu2,5 und SmCo2Cu3 beobachtete Hochfeldübergang konnte mit der Mikrostruktur verknüpft werden. Die laminare Mikrostruktur bestehend aus Phasen mit unterschiedlichem Sm-Anteil ist eine notwendige Bedingung für das Auftreten des Übergangs. Das Koerzitivfeld steigt mit dem Kupfergehalt und erreicht bei tiefen Temperaturen sehr hohe Werte. Das Koerzitivfeld und das Übergangsfeld zeigen eine große magnetische Viskosität. In DyFe6Al6 wird das Verschwinden der spontanen Magnetisierung bei tiefen Temperaturen durch starke antiferromagnetische Kopplungen verursacht. Durch ein feldinduziertes magnetisches Moment an einem ungeordneten Kristallgitterplatz könnte der magnetische Übergang bei tiefen Temperaturen erklärt werden. An hexagonalem DyMn6Ge6 wurde erstmals der Temperaturverlauf des Übergangsfeldes zur gekanteten antiferromagnetischen Struktur gemessen. Oberhalb von 100 K ruft das angelegte Feld den Übergang von der helimagnetischen zu einer Fächerstruktur hervor. Bei tiefen Temperaturen tritt ein Spinflop-Übergang auf, der durch die magnetische Anisotropie des Dysprosiumions unterstützt wird. Bei magnetokalorischen Materialien zeigt sich eine Abhängigkeit der gemessenen Magnetisierung von der Feldänderungsrate. Dies lässt sich qualitativ auf die Messbedingungen zurückführen: So herrschen bei Impulsfeldmessungen adiabatische Bedingungen, während bei statischen Messungen isotherme Verhältnisse vorliegen. Neben herkömmlichen magnetischen Verbindungen wurden auch stark korrelierte Elektronensysteme untersucht. Der gefundene Magnetisierungsübergang bei 43 T in CeNi2Ge2 lässt sich auf das Unterdrücken des Kondoeffekts und das Aufbrechen der antiferromagnetischen Struktur zurückführen. Darüber hinaus wurden Magnetisierungsmessungen an Hochtemperatursupraleitern durchgeführt. Die Messungen im Impulsfeld sind ein Beitrag zur Bestimmung des Phasendiagramms von schmelztexturiertem YBa2Cu3O7-d. Das Irreversibilitätsfeld Hirr konnte an massiven Proben bis zu tiefen Temperaturen bestimmt werden. Hirr(T) zeigt einen unerwarteten linearen Anstieg bis zu tiefen Temperaturen. Aufgrund der hohen Feldänderungsraten und großen Unterschiede von Ummagnetisierungsprozessen in magnetischen Materialien gibt es derzeit keine einheitliche Beschreibung der magnetischen Viskosität für Feldänderungsraten im Bereich von 0,001 bis zu 1000 T/s. Durch die Messung im Impulsfeld konnte die Größenordnung der magnetischen Viskosität in nanokristallinem Bariumferrit bestimmt werden. Magnetisierungsmessungen im Impulsfeld stellen sowohl durch das hohe Magnetfeld als auch aufgrund der hohen bzw. variierenden Feldänderungsrate ein sehr nützliches Instrument zur Untersuchung feld- und zeitabhängiger Eigenschaften von Festkörpern dar
In this work, the occurrence and the mechanism of field induced transitions and the related critical fields were investigated. The way of measuring the magnetisation was designed for the existing pulsed field device of the IFW Dresden. The magnetisation was measured in fields up to 48 T. For the first time, the anisotropy coefficient of Sm2Fe17N3 was obtained in the combined measurement of the exchange field via inelastic neutron scattering and the measurement of the anisotropy constant K1 for the same material. For the leading anisotropy coefficient, a value of A20<r²> = -28 meV was found using K1 of about 13 MJ/m³. It was shown that the observed high field transition in SmCo2.5Cu2.5 and SmCo2Cu3 is connected with the microstructure. The laminar microstructure consisting of phases with different Sm-content is a necessary precondition for the occurrence of the transition. The coercivity increases with the Cu-content and reaches high values at low temperature. The coercivity and the transition field show big magnetic viscosity. In DyFe6Al6, the disappearance of the spontaneous magnetisation at low temperature is caused by a strong antiferromagnetic coupling. The magnetic transition at low temperature could be explained by a field induced magnetic moment on a disordered crystal site. For the hexagonal DyMn6Ge6, the temperature dependence of the transition field towards the canted antiferromagnetic structure was measured for the first time. Above 100 K, the applied field causes the transition from the helimagnetic to the fan structure. At low temperature, a spin flop transition occurs, which is supported by the magnetic anisotropy of the Dy-ion. The magnetisation of magnetocaloric materials exhibits a dependence of the field changing rate. This can be explained qualitatively by the measurement condition: The pulsed field measurement is adiabatic, whereas during static measurements, the condition is isothermal. Besides common magnetic compounds, highly correlated electron systems were also investigated. The magnetic transition at 43 T in CeNi2Ge2 can be explained by the suppression of the Kondo effect and the breaking up of the antiferromagnetic structure. Furthermore, magnetisation of high temperature superconductors was measured. The measurements in the pulsed field are a contribution to the determination of the phase diagram of melt textured YBa2Cu3O7-d. The irreversibility field Hirr was measured for bulk samples down to low temperature. Hirr(T) shows an unexpected linear increase down to low temperature. Because of the high field-changing rates and the big differences of magnetisation processes in magnetic materials, there is no uniform description of the magnetic viscosity for field changing rates in the magnitude from 0,001 up to 1000 T/s. By the measurement in the pulsed field, the magnitude of the magnetic viscosity of nanocrystalline barium ferrite was determined. Magnetisation measurement in pulsed fields is a very useful instrument to investigate field and time dependent properties of solids due to their high magnetic field and their high and varying field changing rate
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13

Bareille, Cédric. "Effets d'une brisure de symétrie sur les stuctures électroniques d'URu2Si2 et de KTaO3." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937625.

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L'étude des symétries d'un système peut en révéler de nombreuses propriétés physiques. La brisure, spontanée ou non, d'une de ces symétries implique alors d'importantes conséquences sur le comportement du système. On le voit dans la description actuelle de la physique des particules, avec notamment la création de la masse, ou dans la physique des solides, domaine de cette thèse, avec l'apparition de phases aux propriétés diverses, comme le magnétisme ou la supraconductivité. Le présent travail étudie par spectroscopie de photoémission résolue en angle (ARPES) les effets d'une brisure de symétrie dans deux systèmes différents : le système de fermions lourds URu2Si2 et l'oxyde de métal de transition (TMO) KTaO3. Le cristal d'URu2Si2 passe d'une phase paramagnétique pour T>THO, sujette à la cohérence de Kondo, vers la phase dite d'ordre caché pour T
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14

Lahiouel, Rachid. "Evolution du réseau Kondo en fonction de l'hybridation : les systèmes CeIn(Ag,Cu)2 et Ce(Ge,Si)2." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10054.

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Observation du passage d'un regime kondo mixte a un regime kondo pur ou a un regime de valence intermediaire sous l'effet de la pression chimique. Etude du diagramme de phases magnetiques. Determination du coefficient de couplage entre electrons 4 f et la bande de conduction jn(e::(f)). Coefficient de la chaleur specifique, temperature de kondo et coefficient de grueneisen electronique de ceincu::(2)
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15

Lehmann, Pascale. "Reseau kondo, magnetisme et leur competition dans ceru : :(2)si::(2) et composes derives." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13106.

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Etude par mesures de chaleur massique, d'aimantation, de susceptibilite, de resistivite et d'absorption x, du caractere de systeme kondo a fermions lourds du compose du titre. L'effet d'un champ magnetique pour la transition couplage fort-couplage faible a ete mise en evidence. Effet d'une substitution du cerium par le lanthane ou le cerium. Interpretation des proprietes a basse temperature dans le cadre d'un modele phenomenologique de liquide de fermi reposant sur l'hypothese d'un etat resonnant s-f, non strictement lorentzien situe au niveau de fermi. Ce modele etendu permet de rendre compte des effets de competition entre magnetisme et effet kondo
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16

"Magnetism and Fermi surface in heavy fermion metals." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/61871.

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With a multitude of different phases and quantum critical points, heavy fermion materials should reign supreme as the prototype for competing order, a major contemporary theme in condensed matter physics. One key feature that differentiates the types of magnetic phases and critical points is the presence or absence of Kondo screening. This singlet formation is dramatically manifested in the Fermi surface, which may or may not include atomic f-orbital electron states. To provide a theoretical basis for the different types of magnetism, we have carried out asymptotically exact studies of the Kondo lattice model inside both the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic phases. A fundamental aspect of the approach is to map the magnetic Hamiltonian for the f-orbitals onto a quantum nonlinear sigma model (QNLsigmaM). The Kondo interaction results in an effective coupling between the QNLsigmaM fields and the conduction electrons. Renormalization group analyses show that the Fermi surface in the corresponding ordered states is small (not incorporating the f-orbitals) for both the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic cases. These results are of relevance to a number of materials, including YbRh2Si2 and CeRu2Ge2, where experimental measurements of magnetotransport and de Haas van Alphen effects have supplied evidence for small Fermi surface phases. The implications of our results for heavy fermion quantum critical points will also be discussed.
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17

Rourke, Patrick Michael Carl. "Electronic States of Heavy Fermion Metals in High Magnetic Fields." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/17825.

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Heavy fermion metals often exhibit novel electronic states at low temperatures, due to competing interactions and energy scales. In order to characterize these states, precise determination of material electronic properties, such as the Fermi surface topology, is necessary. Magnetic field is a particularly powerful tool, since it can be used as both a tuning parameter and probe of the fundamental physics of heavy fermion compounds. In CePb3, I measured magnetoresistance and torque for 23 mK ≤ T ≤ 400 mK, 0 T ≤ H ≤ 18 T, and magnetic field rotated between the (100), (110), and (111) directions. For H||(111), my magnetoresistance results show a decreasing Fermi liquid temperature range near Hc, and a T^2 coefficient that diverges as A(H) ∝ |H −Hc|^−α, with Hc ~ 6 T and α ~ 1. The torque exhibits a complicated dependence on magnetic field strength and angle. By comparison to numerical spin models, I find that the “spin-flop” scenario previously thought to describe the physics of CePb3 does not provide a good explanation of the experimental results. Using novel data acquisition software that exceeds the capabilities of a traditional measurement set-up, I measured de Haas–van Alphen oscillations in YbRh2Si2 for 30 mK ≤ T ≤ 600 mK, 8 T ≤ H ≤ 16 T, and magnetic field rotated between the (100), (110), and (001) directions. The measured frequencies smoothly increase as the field is decreased through H0 ≈ 10 T. I compared my measurements to 4f-itinerant and 4f-localized electronic structure calculations, using a new algorithm for extracting quantum oscillation information from calculated band energies, and conclude that the Yb 4f quasi-hole remains itinerant over the entire measured field range, with the behaviour at H0 caused by a Fermi surface Lifshitz transition. My measurements are the first to directly track the Fermi surface of YbRh2Si2 across this field range, and rule out the 4f localization transition/crossover that was previously proposed to occur at H0.
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18

Poltierová, Jana. "Impurities in rare earth metallic systems: from super-purified metals to heavy fermion superconductors." Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-289652.

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19

Rednic, Vasile. "Investigation of electronic and magnetic structure of advanced magnetic materials." Doctoral thesis, 2010. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2010012726.

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The subject of this work subscribes to the international preoccupation regarding the elucidation of magnetic properties of solids. The crystallographic, electronic and magnetic structures of Al-Mn-Ni alloys and compounds have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, magnetization and magnetic susceptibility measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and band structure calculations. The thesis is organized in 6 Chapters, followed by the summary. Chapter 1 contains a brief theoretical introduction into the magnetism of metallic systems, as well the principles of XPS. The sample preparation details and all the techniques employed in the characterization of the systems are described in Chapter 2. The next 4 Chapters contain the experimental results for Mn1-xAlxNi3, Mn1-xAlxNi, Ni1-xMnxAl, Ni0.7-xAlxMn0.3 systems.
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