Relevant bibliographies by topics / Heatwave response plans

Academic literature on the topic 'Heatwave response plans'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Heatwave response plans"

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Mendizabal, Maddalen, Nieves Peña, Hans Hooyberghs, Griet Lambrechts, Joel Sepúlveda, and Saioa Zorita. "Lessons Learned from Applying Adaptation Pathways in Heatwave Risk Management in Antwerp and Key Challenges for Further Development." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 11481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011481.

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Heat exposure is a well-known health hazard, which causes several problems ranging from thermal discomfort or productivity reduction to the aggravation of existing illnesses and death. Climate projections foresee an increase in the frequency and intensity of heat-related impacts on human health. To reduce these climate risks, governments need a better understanding of not only the scale and the factors affecting those risks, but also how to prepare and protect the city and citizens against these risks and prevent them through effective policy making. Therefore, climate adaptation decisions need to be made in complex systems with manifold uncertainties. In response to these deep uncertainties, different planning approaches have been developed to assist policymakers in decision making. This paper is focused on one of the dynamic adaptive policy planning approaches: the adaptation pathway. This approach allows designing alternative feasible plans that are flexible and can respond when new information appears or when conditions in the environment change. This paper presents a structured methodology for designing adaptation pathways. The work describes a high-level adaptation pathway covering heatwave impacts on productivity and health at city level in Antwerp to ensure the city adapts to future conditions. Lastly, a summary is provided of the lessons learned and the challenges of this approach are discussed.
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Smyth, V. A. "(A166) Disaster Risk Reduction - Extreme Heat Preparedness." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001646.

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BackgroundSouth Australia is often referred to as the driest state in the driest continent on earth and the community expects summers to be hot. However since 2007 South Australia has experienced several periods of extreme heat which have challenged and required the emergency services including health to consider a new preparedness approach. Any extreme weather condition can cause disruption to the community and the effects of such events as extreme heat are not always immediately obvious. However these effects can silently cause death and an increase to the health burden of the community.DiscussionIn South Australia the term ‘Extreme Heat’ as opposed to ‘Heatwave’ has been quite deliberately chosen as this describes more accurately an unusual climatic situation characterised by higher temperatures and greater length of time than normally expected. A number of studies have been undertaken to consider the impact on the health of the South Australian community and its health services and specfic action plans and communication strategies have been developed to respond to extreme heat and encourage an increasing level of community resilience. This paper will describe recent events, some of the research undertaken and the preparedness, planning and response strategies implemented to reduce and manage the risk.ConclusionThe response strategies introduced in South Australia have been recognised for their excellence and in 2010 SA Health was the recipient of several awards at both state and national level for this work.
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Bastos, A., C. M. Gouveia, R. M. Trigo, and S. W. Running. "Analysing the spatio-temporal impacts of the 2003 and 2010 extreme heatwaves on plant productivity in Europe." Biogeosciences 11, no. 13 (July 1, 2014): 3421–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3421-2014.

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Abstract. In the last decade, Europe has been stricken by two outstanding heatwaves, the 2003 event in western Europe and the 2010 episode over Russia. Both events were characterized by record-breaking temperatures and widespread socio-economic impacts, including significant increments on human mortality, decreases in crop yields and in hydroelectric production. Previous works have shown that an extreme climatic event does not always imply an extreme response by ecosystems. This work attempts to assess how extreme was the vegetation response to the heatwaves during 2003 and 2010 in Europe, in order to quantify the impacts of the two events on carbon fluxes in plant productivity and to identify the physical drivers of the observed response. Heatwave impacts in vegetation productivity were analysed using MODIS products from 2000 to 2011. Both 2003 and 2010 events led to marked decreases in plant productivity, well below the climatological range of variability, with carbon uptake by vegetation during August reaching negative anomalies of more than 2 standard deviations, although the 2010 event affected a much larger extent. A differentiated response in autotrophic respiration was observed, depending on land-cover types, with forests increasing respiration rates in response to the heatwaves, while in crops respiration rates decreased. The widespread decrease in carbon uptake matched the regions where very high temperature values were also preceded by a long period of below-average precipitation, leading to strong soil moisture deficits. In the case of the 2003 heatwave, results indicate that moisture deficits coupled with high temperatures drove the extreme response of vegetation, while for the 2010 event very high temperatures appear to be the sole driver of very low productivity.
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Aryal, Abhiru, Albira Acharya, and Ajay Kalra. "Assessing the Implication of Climate Change to Forecast Future Flood Using CMIP6 Climate Projections and HEC-RAS Modeling." Forecasting 4, no. 3 (June 29, 2022): 582–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forecast4030032.

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Climate change has caused uncertainty in the hydrological pattern including weather change, precipitation fluctuations, and extreme temperature, thus triggering unforeseen natural tragedies such as hurricanes, flash flooding, heatwave and more. Because of these unanticipated events occurring all around the globe, the study of the influence of climate change on the alteration of flooding patterns has gained a lot of attention. This research study intends to provide an insight into how the future projected streamflow will affect the flooding-inundation extent by comparing the change in floodplain using both historical and future simulated scenarios. For the future projected data, the climate model Atmosphere/Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) developed by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) is used, which illustrates that the flood is increasing in considering climate models. Furthermore, a comparison of the existing flood inundation map by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) study with the map generated by future projected streamflow data presents the entire inundation area in flood maps, implying the expansion area compared to FEMA needs to be considered in making emergency response plans. The effect of flooding in the inundation area from historical to future flow values, presented mathematically by a calculation of inundation extent percentage, infers that the considered watershed of Rock River is a flood-prone area. The goal is to provide insights on the importance of using the forecasted data for flood analysis and to offer the necessary background needed to strategize an emergency response plan for flood management.
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Botton, Alessandro, Francesco Girardi, Benedetto Ruperti, Matteo Brilli, Veronica Tijero, Giulia Eccher, Francesca Populin, et al. "Grape Berry Responses to Sequential Flooding and Heatwave Events: A Physiological, Transcriptional, and Metabolic Overview." Plants 11, no. 24 (December 17, 2022): 3574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11243574.

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Grapevine cultivation, such as the whole horticulture, is currently challenged by several factors, among which the extreme weather events occurring under the climate change scenario are the most relevant. Within this context, the present study aims at characterizing at the berry level the physiological response of Vitis vinifera cv. Sauvignon Blanc to sequential stresses simulated under a semi-controlled environment: flooding at bud-break followed by multiple summer stress (drought plus heatwave) occurring at pre-vèraison. Transcriptomic and metabolomic assessments were performed through RNASeq and NMR, respectively. A comprehensive hormone profiling was also carried out. Results pointed out a different response to the heatwave in the two situations. Flooding caused a developmental advance, determining a different physiological background in the berry, thus affecting its response to the summer stress at both transcriptional levels, with the upregulation of genes involved in oxidative stress responses, and metabolic level, with the increase in osmoprotectants, such as proline and other amino acids. In conclusion, sequential stress, including a flooding event at bud-break followed by a summer heatwave, may impact phenological development and berry ripening, with possible consequences on berry and wine quality. A berry physiological model is presented that may support the development of sustainable vineyard management solutions to improve the water use efficiency and adaptation capacity of actual viticultural systems to future scenarios.
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Scafaro, Andrew P., Yuzhen Fan, Bradley C. Posch, Andres Garcia, Onoriode Coast, and Owen K. Atkin. "Responses of leaf respiration to heatwaves." Plant, Cell & Environment 44, no. 7 (February 15, 2021): 2090–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.14018.

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Lohani, Neeta, Mohan B. Singh, and Prem L. Bhalla. "Biological Parts for Engineering Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants." BioDesign Research 2022 (January 22, 2022): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9819314.

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It is vital to ramp up crop production dramatically by 2050 due to the increasing global population and demand for food. However, with the climate change projections showing that droughts and heatwaves becoming common in much of the globe, there is a severe threat of a sharp decline in crop yields. Thus, developing crop varieties with inbuilt genetic tolerance to environmental stresses is urgently needed. Selective breeding based on genetic diversity is not keeping up with the growing demand for food and feed. However, the emergence of contemporary plant genetic engineering, genome-editing, and synthetic biology offer precise tools for developing crops that can sustain productivity under stress conditions. Here, we summarize the systems biology-level understanding of regulatory pathways involved in perception, signalling, and protective processes activated in response to unfavourable environmental conditions. The potential role of noncoding RNAs in the regulation of abiotic stress responses has also been highlighted. Further, examples of imparting abiotic stress tolerance by genetic engineering are discussed. Additionally, we provide perspectives on the rational design of abiotic stress tolerance through synthetic biology and list various bioparts that can be used to design synthetic gene circuits whose stress-protective functions can be switched on/off in response to environmental cues.
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Gharun, Mana, Lukas Hörtnagl, Eugénie Paul-Limoges, Shiva Ghiasi, Iris Feigenwinter, Susanne Burri, Kristiina Marquardt, et al. "Physiological response of Swiss ecosystems to 2018 drought across plant types and elevation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1810 (September 7, 2020): 20190521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0521.

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Using five eddy covariance flux sites (two forests and three grasslands), we investigated ecosystem physiological responses to the 2018 drought across elevational gradients in Switzerland. Flux measurements showed that at lower elevation sites (below 1000 m.a.s.l.; grassland and mixed forest) annual ecosystem productivity (GPP) declined by approximately 20% compared to the previous 2 years (2016 and 2017), which led to a reduced annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP). At the high elevation sites, however, GPP increased by approximately 14% and as a result NEP increased in the alpine and montane grasslands, but not in the subalpine coniferous forest. There, increased ecosystem respiration led to a reduced annual NEP, despite increased GPP and lengthening of the growing period. Among all ecosystems, the coniferous forest showed the most pronounced negative stomatal response to atmospheric dryness (i.e. vapour pressure deficit, VPD) that resulted in a decline in surface conductance and an increased water-use efficiency during drought. While increased temperature enhanced the water-use efficiency of both forests, de-coupling of GPP from evapotranspiration at the low-elevation grassland site negatively affected water-use efficiency due to non-stomatal reductions in photosynthesis. Our results show that hot droughts (such as in 2018) lead to different responses across plants types, and thus ecosystems. Particularly grasslands at lower elevations are the most vulnerable ecosystems to negative impacts of future drought in Switzerland. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale’.
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Amorim, V. E., O. Gonçalves, R. Capela, S. Fernández-Boo, M. Oliveira, M. Dolbeth, F. Arenas, and P. G. Cardoso. "Immunological and oxidative stress responses of the bivalve Scrobicularia plana to distinct patterns of heatwaves." Fish & Shellfish Immunology 106 (November 2020): 1067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.024.

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Xia, Jianyang, Shuli Niu, Philippe Ciais, Ivan A. Janssens, Jiquan Chen, Christof Ammann, Altaf Arain, et al. "Joint control of terrestrial gross primary productivity by plant phenology and physiology." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 9 (February 17, 2015): 2788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413090112.

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Terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP) varies greatly over time and space. A better understanding of this variability is necessary for more accurate predictions of the future climate–carbon cycle feedback. Recent studies have suggested that variability in GPP is driven by a broad range of biotic and abiotic factors operating mainly through changes in vegetation phenology and physiological processes. However, it is still unclear how plant phenology and physiology can be integrated to explain the spatiotemporal variability of terrestrial GPP. Based on analyses of eddy–covariance and satellite-derived data, we decomposed annual terrestrial GPP into the length of the CO2 uptake period (CUP) and the seasonal maximal capacity of CO2 uptake (GPPmax). The product of CUP and GPPmax explained >90% of the temporal GPP variability in most areas of North America during 2000–2010 and the spatial GPP variation among globally distributed eddy flux tower sites. It also explained GPP response to the European heatwave in 2003 (r2 = 0.90) and GPP recovery after a fire disturbance in South Dakota (r2 = 0.88). Additional analysis of the eddy–covariance flux data shows that the interbiome variation in annual GPP is better explained by that in GPPmax than CUP. These findings indicate that terrestrial GPP is jointly controlled by ecosystem-level plant phenology and photosynthetic capacity, and greater understanding of GPPmax and CUP responses to environmental and biological variations will, thus, improve predictions of GPP over time and space.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heatwave response plans"

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Amorim, Vânia Encarnação. "The effects of distinct heatwaves on the immunological and oxidative stress responses of the bivalve Scrobicularia plana." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/125086.

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Amorim, Vânia Encarnação. "The effects of distinct heatwaves on the immunological and oxidative stress responses of the bivalve Scrobicularia plana." Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/125086.

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Book chapters on the topic "Heatwave response plans"

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Varela, Vassiliki, George Eftychidis, Sofia Papageorgiou, and Georgia Legaki. "Local response to extreme wildfire events in populated areas: practices and lessons learned from the Mati/Attica (2018) and North Evia (2021) fires, Greece." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 666–72. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_101.

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Extreme wildfires management requires a more holistic approach where proactive governance, citizens and local communities play a central role. Two recent devastating wildfires, in Greece in July 2018 in Mati/Attica and in August 2021 in North Euboea which had a high impact on society and at a political level, demonstrated to a large extent the gaps in the Civil Protection mechanism, as well as the inadequate preparedness of the local population to deal with such fires. Both fires burned under extreme weather conditions (i.e., extreme winds in Mati and prolonged heatwave in Euboea) and in parallel with other major fires in the country. However, they were characterized by quite different fire regimes, ecosystem and landscape features, and the local communities’ type that they affected. This paper studies and analyses the combined response of the civil protection authorities and the local communities during these major fire events. Focused surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and round tables with citizens, first responders, and representatives of the touched communities were organized to collect information on identified problems, challenges and dangers faced and also practices that proved effective during the response phase. The aim of this work is to identify lessons learned for suggesting a revision of current practices and policies to bridge the gap among the efforts of the actors involved in wildfire management and to facilitate the development of local adaptation plans to increase the resilience of the local communities to wildfire risk.
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Okaka, Wilson Truman. "Effectiveness of Local Community Policy Responses to Climate Change Impact on Ecosystem Services for Biodiversity Conservation in the Semi-Arid Zones." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 304–15. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7387-6.ch016.

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The Ugandan government has decentralized climate change policy strategies at the local government district development planning levels to build local community adaptive capacity for accelerated action for disaster resilience. This chapter focuses on the local community response by Isingiro local government district authority. The purpose is to provide a context of the significance of eco-services and natural biodiversity resources in the semi-arid district, located in the South-Western Uganda, elaborate on the district climate change action plan for community-based adaptation strategies, and the biodiversity conservation district development plan. For decades, most households and local communities have perpetually suffered from the severe climatic stress of galloping heatwaves, shocking floods, ferocious frequent whirlwinds and wind storms, catastrophic droughts, perennial food insecurity, malnutrition, migrations, and famines. The district has adopted strategies to enhance biodiversity conservation for eco-services for food security and sustainable community livelihoods.
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Okaka, Wilson Truman. "Effectiveness of Local Community Policy Responses to Climate Change Impact on Ecosystem Services for Biodiversity Conservation in the Semi-Arid Zones." In Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Impacts of Climate Change, 218–29. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3686-8.ch012.

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The Ugandan government has decentralized climate change policy strategies at the local government district development planning levels to build local community adaptive capacity for accelerated action for disaster resilience. This chapter focuses on the local community response by Isingiro local government district authority. The purpose is to provide a context of the significance of eco-services and natural biodiversity resources in the semi-arid district, located in the South-Western Uganda, elaborate on the district climate change action plan for community-based adaptation strategies, and the biodiversity conservation district development plan. For decades, most households and local communities have perpetually suffered from the severe climatic stress of galloping heatwaves, shocking floods, ferocious frequent whirlwinds and wind storms, catastrophic droughts, perennial food insecurity, malnutrition, migrations, and famines. The district has adopted strategies to enhance biodiversity conservation for eco-services for food security and sustainable community livelihoods.
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Swarbrooke, Professor John. "Oceans, Natural Disasters and Tourism." In The Impact of Tourism on the Marine Environment. Goodfellow Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911635574-4447.

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In recent years, the world seems to have seen increasing numbers of natural disasters, affecting coastal tourist destinations as well as places with no connection to tourism. Ritchie noted in 2008 that despite the apparent increases in natural disasters there still seemed to be a lack of research in the tourism field on the management of these disasters covering response, recovery, reduction and readiness (Ritchie, 2008). While things have improved since then there is still some truth in his contention. These natural disasters include extreme weather events such as hurricanes, storms, floods and landslides, and heatwaves as well as disasters in which the weather plays a part, such as wildfires, and disasters that are not linked to the weather at all, such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and disease outbreaks. These natural disasters not only appear to be becoming more frequent but also more severe and sometimes occurring in places which have not seen such things before, and sometimes in major coastal tourist destinations.
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