Journal articles: 'Heating – Noise'

1

Elyutin, P. V., N. S. Maslova, and N. A. Gippius. "Oscillator heating by the colored noise." JETP Letters 90, no. 11 (February 2010): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s002136400923009x.

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Leibrandt, D., B. Yurke, and R. Slusher. "Modeling ion trap thermal noise decoherence." Quantum Information and Computation 7, no. 1&2 (January 2007): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic7.1-2-2.

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We present a detailed analysis of ion heating caused by thermal fluctuation noise in ion traps. The results of the analysis are used to estimate thermal noise ion heating rates for a variety of trap electrode configurations and materials, including recent scalable multiplexed planar ion trap proposals based on silicon VLSI technology. We find that minimizing thermal noise ion heating places severe constraints on the design and materials used for ion traps.

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Ardaravi?ius, L., J. Liberis, A. Matulionis, L. F. Eastman, J. R. Shealy, and A. Vertiatchikh. "Self-heating and microwave noise in AlGaN/GaN." physica status solidi (a) 201, no. 2 (January 2004): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200303901.

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Gehm, M. E., K. M. O’Hara, T. A. Savard, and J. E. Thomas. "Dynamics of noise-induced heating in atom traps." Physical Review A 58, no. 5 (November 1, 1998): 3914–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.58.3914.

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Bühler, M., E. Umlauf, and J. C. Mather. "Noise of a bolometer with vanishing self-heating." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 346, no. 1-2 (July 1994): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)90708-0.

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Hite, D. A., K. S. McKay, S. Kotler, D. Leibfried, D. J. Wineland, and D. P. Pappas. "Measurements of trapped-ion heating rates with exchangeable surfaces in close proximity." MRS Advances 2, no. 41 (2017): 2189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.14.

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ABSTRACTElectric-field noise from the surfaces of ion-trap electrodes couples to the ion’s charge causing heating of the ion’s motional modes. This heating limits the fidelity of quantum gates implemented in quantum information processing experiments. The exact mechanism that gives rise to electric-field noise from surfaces is not well-understood and remains an active area of research. In this work, we detail experiments intended to measure ion motional heating rates with exchangeable surfaces positioned in close proximity to the ion, as a sensor to electric-field noise. We have prepared samples with various surface conditions, characterized in situ with scanned probe microscopy and electron spectroscopy, ranging in degrees of cleanliness and structural order. The heating-rate data, however, show no significant differences between the disparate surfaces that were probed. These results suggest that the driving mechanism for electric-field noise from surfaces is due to more than just thermal excitations alone.

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Fujiwara, S., and S. Hasegawa. "Estimation of the heating rate of ions due to laser fluctuations when implementing quantum algorithms." Quantum Information and Computation 7, no. 7 (September 2007): 573–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic7.7-1.

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We analyze numerically the heating of trapped ions due to laser intensity and phase fluctuations when implementing Grover's algorithm and the Quantum Fourier Transform. For a simpler analysis we assume that the stochastic processes are white noise processes and average over each noise as in [Phys. Rev. A. \textbf{57}, 3748, (1998)]. We investigate the fidelity and the heating rate for these algorithms using parameters estimated from experiments, and we can see the order of magnitude difference in the heating rate depending on the quantum algorithms.

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Liu, Yi, and Percy Wang. "Low noise blower fan for heating and cooling applications." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134, no. 5 (November 2013): 4029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4830711.

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Hacyan, S., and R. J uregui. "Noise-induced heating of squeezed states in atom traps." Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics 5, no. 2 (February 26, 2003): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/5/2/304.

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10

Brent Becker, J., and G. Nunes. "Noise and heating considerations in bridges for mesoscopic measurements." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 46, S5 (May 1996): 2759–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02570366.

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11

Alhussein, Musaed, and Syed Irtaza Haider. "Simulation and Analysis of Uncooled Microbolometer for Serial Readout Architecture." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9751056.

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A detailed thermal behavior and theoretical analysis of uncooled resistive microbolometer is presented along with the proposed thermal imager simulator. An accurate model of a thermal detector is required to design a readout circuit that can compensate for the noise due to process variability and self-heating. This paper presents a realistic simulation model of microbolometer that addresses the fixed pattern noise, Johnson noise, and self-heating. Different simulations were performed to study the impact of infrared power and bias power on the performance of microbolometers. The microbolometers were biased with different bias currents along with different thermal parameters of the reference microbolometer to analyze the impact of self-heating on the thermal image. The proposed thermal imager simulator is used as a tool to visually analyze the impact of noise on the quality of a thermal image. This simulator not only helps in compensating the noise prior to the implementation in Analog Design Environment, but also can be used as a platform to explore different readout architectures. In this work, serial readout architecture was simulated with a row of blind microbolometers that served as a reference. Moreover, the algorithm for the proposed thermal imager simulator is presented.

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Bake, Friedrich, Ulf Michel, and Ingo Roehle. "Investigation of Entropy Noise in Aero-Engine Combustors." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 129, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2364193.

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Strong evidence is presented that entropy noise is the major source of external noise in aero-engine combustion. Entropy noise is generated in the outlet nozzles of combustors. Low-frequency entropy noise, which was predicted earlier in theory and numerical simulations, was successfully detected in a generic aero-engine combustion chamber. It is shown that entropy noise dominates even in the case of thermo-acoustic resonances. In addition to this, a different noise generating mechanism was discovered that is presumably of even higher relevance to jet engines: There is strong evidence of broad band entropy noise at higher frequencies (1 to 3kHz in the reported tests). This unexpected effect can be explained by the interaction of small scale entropy perturbations (hot spots) with the strong pressure gradient in the outlet nozzle. The direct combustion noise of the flame zone seems to be of minor importance for the noise emission to the ambiance. The combustion experiments were supplemented by experiments with electrical heating. Two different methods for generating entropy waves were used, a pulse excitation and a sinusoidal excitation. In addition, high-frequency entropy noise was generated by steady electrical heating.

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13

Chugunkov, Dmitry, and Galina Seyfelmlyukova. "NOISE REDUCTION OF ROOF FANS OF THE CENTRAL HEATING STATION." Akustika 32 (March 1, 2019): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika201932158.

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This article presents the results of an acoustic survey of several powerful central heating stations located in dense residential buildings of the metropolis. It is shown that the most powerful sources of noise for the surrounding residential area are roof fans of the ventilation system central heating stations. A description and test results of the original design silencer for roof fans, developed and patented by the authors, are given. It is noted that the developed design of the silencer does not affect the performance of the ventilation system.

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Moura, Daniella Jorge de, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Elaine Cangussu de Souza Alves, Thayla Morandi Ridolfi de Carvalho, Marcos Martinez do Vale, and Karla Andrea Oliveira de Lima. "Noise analysis to evaluate chick thermal comfort." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 4 (2008): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000400018.

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The relationship between thermal environment and chick performance has widely been evaluated, however the consideration that the assessment of the comfort may be estimated by interpreting both amplitude and frequency of bird vocalization under tropical housing conditions is a new concept. This research had as objective of estimating thermal comfort for chicks during the heating phase using this new concept. An experiment was carried out inside a climate controlled chamber (A) for establishing the behavioral pattern related to environmental temperature limits. Forty five chicks were reared inside a 2.3 m² box. A video camera was placed 2.0 m above the birds and the images were captured and registered in a computer. From the pattern determined in the controlled chamber an evaluation of the results was proceeded in a commercial broiler farm (experiment B) using similar bird density in order to validate the data. Environmental temperature, and both amplitude and frequency of the vocalizations of the chick group reared under heating were continuously recorded in both experiments. A correlation between group behavioral pattern and their vocalization, was found, evaluated not only by the noise amplitude but also by the noise frequency spectrum. When the thermal inertia is maintained by adequate use of curtains the birds vocalized less which is coincident with the low sudden variation of the temperature of the environmental. It was possible to estimate the thermal comfort for chicks at the heating stage by recording the amplitude and the frequency of the noise emitted by the reared group.

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15

Ji Weibang, 冀炜邦, 成华东 Cheng Huadong, and 刘亮 Liu Liang. "Ion Heating by Thermal Noise of Planar Grooved Ion Chip." Acta Optica Sinica 32, no. 10 (2012): 1027002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201232.1027002.

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16

Lauchle, Gerald C. "Flow noise in automotive heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 99, no. 4 (April 1996): 2507–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.415696.

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17

Savard, T. A., K. M. O’Hara, and J. E. Thomas. "Laser-noise-induced heating in far-off resonance optical traps." Physical Review A 56, no. 2 (August 1, 1997): R1095—R1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.56.r1095.

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18

Carroll, Kenneth R., and Ho Jung Paik. "White‐noise measurements and Joule heating in superconducting point contacts." Journal of Applied Physics 65, no. 11 (June 1989): 4333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343293.

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19

Ralls, K. S. "Tunnel-junction noise at low temperatures: Tunneling or local ‘‘heating’’." Physical Review B 46, no. 7 (August 15, 1992): 4295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.46.4295.

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20

Walker, D. G. "Heat flux determination from measured heating rates using thermographic phosphors." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 6 (October 5, 2004): 560–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1915389.

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A new method for measuring the heating rate (defined as the time rate of change of temperature) and estimating heat flux from the heating rate is proposed. The example problem involves analytic heat conduction in a one-dimensional slab, where the measurement location of temperature or heating rate coincides with the location of the estimated heat flux. The new method involves the solution to a Volterra equation of the second kind, which is inherently more stable than Volterra equations of the first kind. The solution for heat flux from a measured temperature is generally a first kind Volterra equation. Estimates from the new approach are compared to estimates from measured temperatures. The heating rate measurements are accomplished by leveraging the temperature dependent decay rate of thermographic phosphors (TGP). Results indicate that the new data-reduction method is far more stable than the usual minimization of temperature residuals, which results in errors that are 1.5–12 times larger than those of the new approach. Furthermore, noise in TGP measurements was found to give an uncertainty of 4% in the heating rate measurement, which is comparable to the noise introduced in the test case data. Results of the simulations and the level of noise in TGP measurements suggest that this novel approach to heat flux determination is viable.

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Anandan, P., N. Malathi, and N. Mohankumar. "Modeling of Temperature-Dependent Noise in Silicon Nanowire FETs including Self-Heating Effects." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/635803.

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Silicon nanowires are leading the CMOS era towards the downsizing limit and its nature will be effectively suppress the short channel effects. Accurate modeling of thermal noise in nanowires is crucial for RF applications of nano-CMOS emerging technologies. In this work, a perfect temperature-dependent model for silicon nanowires including the self-heating effects has been derived and its effects on device parameters have been observed. The power spectral density as a function of thermal resistance shows significant improvement as the channel length decreases. The effects of thermal noise including self-heating of the device are explored. Moreover, significant reduction in noise with respect to channel thermal resistance, gate length, and biasing is analyzed.

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22

Ruan, Xiaolong, and Yisong Yin. "Analysis of Common Problems of Noise and Vibration in Building Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning Design." E3S Web of Conferences 283 (2021): 01051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128301051.

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With the continuous growth of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of the people's economic level, the demand for the design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems has also increased. The HVAC system is very important in the building environment. When optimizing the relevant design, it is necessary to always consider the design details of the HVAC system and adjust the integrity of the design, especially to take preventive measures in areas where noise and vibration may occur to avoid heating serious problems caused by noise and general vibration when the communication system is running. This article outlines how to avoid and control common noise and vibration problems when designing HVAC projects.

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23

Paiman, Muhammad Abdul Rahman, Ahmad Zhafran Ahmad Mazlan, Muhammad Hidayat Hamdan, Mohamad Syazwan Md Isa, Sharum Man, Mohd Zukhairi Abd Ghapar, Mohamad Shamsul Azraf Sulaiman, and Tomoyuki Miyashita. "Measurement of the Hissing-Type Noise and Vibration of the Automotive HVAC System." MATEC Web of Conferences 217 (2018): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821703002.

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Noises such as hissing, humming, air-rush and compressor engagement are the common type of noises that can be induced from the automotive heating and ventilating air conditional (HVAC) system. These noises are basically generated from the effects of vibrational HVAC components. Due to this, the root cause of the noises has to be investigated for any implementation of solution. In this study, the hissing-type of noise is taken into consideration whereby the noise and vibration are measured from various HVAC components such as Evaporator Inlet and Outlet and Thermal Expansion Valve (TXV). Three types of measurement sensors are used in this study which is tri-axial accelerometer for the vibration, tachometer for the engine rpm tracking and microphone for the noise measurement. Two types of operating conditions are taken into consideration, when engine running at 850 rpm (idle) and 850-3000 rpm (tracking) conditions and a constant blower speed is applied for both conditions. the result shows that, the hissing type of noise is determined at the frequency range of 4500-5000 Hz for the both idle and running conditions, whereby the vibration at the Evaporator Inlet is the most significant compared to the Evaporator Core and TVX components. the vibration of the Evaporator Inlet shows the drastic vibration increment between 1000-1500 rpm and getting worse towards 3000 rpm. This result is validated with the 3D colour of noise waterfall analysis, whereby the hissing noise shows the dominant result in the frequency range of 4500-5000 Hz.

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A. Mazlan, A. Z., M. H. A. Satar, M. H. Hamdan, M. S. Md. Isa, S. Man, M. A. R. Paiman, M. Z. Abd. Ghapar, M. S. A. Sulaiman, and T. Miyashita. "Characterisation of the Humming-Type Noise and Vibration of the Automotive HVAC System." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 16, no. 2 (July 4, 2019): 6634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.16.2.2019.12.0499.

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The automotive heating and ventilating air condition (HVAC) system, when vibrating, can generate various types of noises such as humming, hissing, clicking and air-rushes. These noises can be characterised to determine their root causes. In this study, the humming-type noise is taken into consideration whereby the noise and vibration characteristics are measured from various HVAC components such as power steering pump, compressor and air conditional pipe. Four types of measurement sensors were used in this study - tachometer for rpm tracking; accelerometer for the vibration microphone for the noise; and sound camera for the visualization measurement. Two types of operating conditions were taken into consideration - they were “idle” (850 rpm) and “running” (850-1400 rpm) conditions. A constant blower speed was applied for both conditions. The result shows that the humming noises can be determined at the frequency range of 300-350 Hz and 150-250 Hz for both idle and running conditions, respectively. The vibration of the power steering pump shows the worst acceleration of 1.8 m/s2 at the frequency range of 150-250 Hz, compared to the compressor and air conditional pipe. This result was validated with the 3D colour order and sound camera analyses, in which the humming noise colour mapping shows dominance in this frequency range.

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Li, Jian Jun, and Kevin B. Thurbide. "Novel pressure control in supercritical fluid chromatography using a resistively heated restrictor." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 3 (March 2009): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-005.

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An alternative means of independently controlling column pressure in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) by resistively heating the post-column restrictor is demonstrated. Compared to conventional block heating methods, resistive restrictor heating provides at least four times greater pressure programming rates and allows for much faster cooling times in between runs, thereby increasing sample throughput. When applying resistive restrictor heating in proximity to a flame ionization detector, the chromatographic baseline noise increases substantially and obscures peaks. However, adding about 100 mL/min of nitrogen into the flame burner essentially removes this noise and returns the detector response to normal. The analyte retention time in consecutive pressure gradient trials reproduces well with a minimal relative standard deviation of 0.36% (n = 3). The resistive restrictor heating technique presented is also found to be equally effective for either capillary or packed SFC operating modes. Results suggest that this method can potentially provide a simple, inexpensive, and convenient alternative to limited passive restrictors or more costly and complex backpressure regulators that are often used to maintain system pressure in supercritical fluid chromatography.

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26

Chien, Miao-Hsuan, Mario Brameshuber, Benedikt K. Rossboth, Gerhard J. Schütz, and Silvan Schmid. "Single-molecule optical absorption imaging by nanomechanical photothermal sensing." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 44 (September 25, 2018): 11150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804174115.

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Absorption microscopy is a promising alternative to fluorescence microscopy for single-molecule imaging. So far, molecular absorption has been probed optically via the attenuation of a probing laser or via photothermal effects. The sensitivity of optical probing is not only restricted by background scattering but it is fundamentally limited by laser shot noise, which minimizes the achievable single-molecule signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we present nanomechanical photothermal microscopy, which overcomes the scattering and shot-noise limit by detecting the photothermal heating of the sample directly with a temperature-sensitive substrate. We use nanomechanical silicon nitride drums, whose resonant frequency detunes with local heating. Individual Au nanoparticles with diameters from 10 to 200 nm and single molecules (Atto 633) are scanned with a heating laser with a peak irradiance of 354 ± 45 µW/µm2 using 50× long-working-distance objective. With a stress-optimized drum we reach a sensitivity of 16 fW/Hz1/2 at room temperature, resulting in a single-molecule signal-to-noise ratio of >70. The high sensitivity combined with the inherent wavelength independence of the nanomechanical sensor presents a competitive alternative to established tools for the analysis and localization of nonfluorescent single molecules and nanoparticles.

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27

Cunningham, Charles E., Tyce R. DeYoung, and Timaeus A. Bouma. "Laser light heating for low-noise temperature control in SQUID applications." Physica B: Condensed Matter 284-288 (July 2000): 2111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(99)03012-4.

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28

Wan, Zhen-Hua, Hai-Hua Yang, Xing-Chen Zhang, and De-Jun Sun. "The Effects of Heating on Noise Generation in Subsonic Transitional Jets." Procedia Engineering 126 (2015): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.172.

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29

Sanders, Philip, and Peter Rumsey. "Noise and energy consumption in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 126, no. 4 (2009): 2179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3248516.

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30

Herrin, David W., and Kangping Ruan. "Simulation of noise propagation through heating ventilation and air conditioning ductwork." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 139, no. 4 (April 2016): 2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4950103.

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31

Sedlacek, J. A., J. Stuart, W. Loh, R. McConnell, C. D. Bruzewicz, J. M. Sage, and J. Chiaverini. "Method for determination of technical noise contributions to ion motional heating." Journal of Applied Physics 124, no. 21 (December 7, 2018): 214904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5045326.

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32

Karasik, Boris S., William R. McGrath, Michael E. Gershenson, and Andrew V. Sergeev. "Photon-noise-limited direct detector based on disorder-controlled electron heating." Journal of Applied Physics 87, no. 10 (May 15, 2000): 7586–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373026.

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33

Batista, Adriano A. "Cooling, heating, and thermal noise squeezing in a parametrically driven resonator." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2011, no. 02 (February 1, 2011): P02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2011/02/p02007.

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34

Gorbunova, O. A., G. I. Pavlov, P. V. Nakoryakov, and Yu I. Khakimzyanova. "Relationship between the technical condition of the equipment of heat and power engineering units and the noise level in the environment." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 05062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405062.

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The problem of environmental noise pollution from large-city centralized heating systems is considered. Based on the analysis of acoustic characteristics and vibration parameters of district boiler house power plants, the main reasons for the generation of increased noise are identified. The relationship between the technical condition of the power equipment, buildings, structures and the noise level in the environment is revealed. The possibility of developing complexes of technical measures to reduce noise pollution adjacent to the district boiler houses of the city is shown. While optimizing the selected variants of noise and vibration dampening complexes, it seems promising to use a calculated model of the noise field.

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Shu, Haiwen, Hongbin Wang, and Guangyu Cao. "Thermal and flow resistance characteristics of a parallel-pipe type natural heat transfer air-conditioning terminal device for nearly zero energy buildings." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 9 (May 22, 2020): 1227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x20926708.

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A nearly zero energy building (NZEB) can achieve significant energy saving by reducing its air-conditioning load greatly. At the same time, an NZEB should also achieve a comfortable thermal environment. In this paper, a parallel-pipe type natural heat transfer air-conditioning terminal device is proposed and studied for use in NZEB. The terminal device is able to provide both heating and cooling (including sensible and latent cooling) for a building without noise or air disturbance. The advantages of the terminal device have been demonstrated by comparing with other air-conditioning terminals. Experimental data of the heating and cooling performance of the device under different operation conditions were collected and analysed. The calculation models for the heating and cooling capacities of the device were obtained through data regression analysis, and the flow resistance curve of the device was obtained by means of experimental measurement under various flow rates. In addition, comparison was made on the heating and cooling capacities between the device and a radiant floor that also features little noise or air disturbance. Results show that the heating and cooling capacities of the device were 41.5% and 46.8% higher than the maximum capacities of the radiant floor, respectively. This research laid a foundation for the engineering application of the air-conditioning terminal device.

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Kero, A., C. F. Enell, Th Ulich, E. Turunen, M. T. Rietveld, and F. H. Honary. "Statistical signature of active D-region HF heating in IRIS riometer data from 1994–2004." Annales Geophysicae 25, no. 2 (March 8, 2007): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-25-407-2007.

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Abstract. In this paper we study the effect of artificial HF heating on cosmic radio noise absorption in the D-region ionosphere. The effect has earlier been studied theoretically in idealised cases and without experimental verification. Here we present a 3-dimensional modelling of the effect, taking into account the directivity patterns of the vertical beam of the EISCAT Heater at Tromsø, Norway, and the intersecting beam of the IRIS imaging riometer at Kilpisjärvi, Finland. The heater-induced enhancement of cosmic radio noise absorption at the IRIS frequency (38.2 MHz) is estimated to be between 0.02 dB and 0.05 dB in the most representative model cases. However, a statistical study of IRIS data from a selected set of heating experiments carried out during the years 1994–2004 shows that the median effect is between 0.002 dB and 0.004 dB, i.e. an order of magnitude less than theoretically predicted. This indicates that the actual HF heating effect at D-region altitudes is substantially overestimated by the present theory.

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Kistovich, Yu V., and O. G. Petrosyan. "Correction to the noise temperature of a waveguide thermal noise generator due to nonuniform heating of the channel." Measurement Techniques 41, no. 5 (May 1998): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02506624.

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38

Katilius, R., J. Liberis, A. Matulionis, R. Raguotis, P. Sakalas, J. P. Nougier, J. C. Vaissière, L. Varani, and L. Rota. "Noise and electron diffusion in dopedn-type GaAs at heating electric fields." Physical Review B 60, no. 16 (October 15, 1999): 11487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.60.11487.

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39

Cloutier, Jacques, and Gordon W. Semenoff. "White noise and heating of quantum field theory in an open system." Physical Review D 44, no. 10 (November 15, 1991): 3218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.44.3218.

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40

Gordeev, E. I., V. A. Saltykov, V. I. Sinitsin, and V. N. Chebrov. "Relationship between heating of the ground surface and high-frequency seismic noise." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 71, no. 1-2 (April 1992): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(92)90023-o.

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41

RAY, PRASUN K., and SANJIVA K. LELE. "Sound generated by instability wave/shock-cell interaction in supersonic jets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 587 (August 31, 2007): 173–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007007306.

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Broadband shock-associated noise is an important component of the overall noise generated by modern airplanes. In this study, sound generated by the weakly nonlinear interaction between linear instability waves and the shock-cell structure in supersonic jets is investigated numerically in order to gain insight into the broadband shock-noise problem. The model formulation decomposes the overall flow into a mean flow, linear instability waves, the shock-cell structure and shock-noise. The mean flow is obtained by solving RANSequations with a k-ε model. Locally parallel stability equations are solved for the shock structure, and linear parabolized stability equations are solved for the instability waves. Then, source terms representing the instability wave/shock-cell interaction are assembled and the inhomogeneous linearized Euler equations are solved for the shock-noise.Three cases are considered, a cold under-expanded Mj = 1.22 jet, a hot under-expanded Mj = 1.22 jet, and a cold over-expanded Mj = 1.36 jet.Shock-noise computations are used to identify and understand significant trends in peak sound amplitudes and radiation angles. The peak sound radiation angles are explained well with the Mach wave model of Tam & Tanna J. Sound Vib. Vol. 81, 1982, p. 337). The observed reduction of peak sound amplitudes with frequency correlates well with the corresponding reduction of instability wave growth with frequency. However, in order to account for variation of sound amplitude for different azimuthal modes, the radial structure of the instability waves must be considered in additionto streamwise growth. The effect of heating on the Mj = 1.22 jet is shown to enhance the sound radiated due to the axisymmetric instability waves while the other modesare relatively unaffected. Solutions to a Lilley–Goldstein equation show that soundgenerated by ‘thermodynamic’ source terms is small relative to sound from ‘momentum’ sources though heating does increase the relative importance of the thermodynamic source. Furthermore, heating preferentially amplifies sound associated with the axisymmetric modes owing to constructive interference between sound from the momentumand thermodynamic sources. However, higher modes show destructive interference between these two sources and are relatively unaffected by heating.

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Lee, Hyunjoon, Kiwoong Kim, Seong-Joo Lee, Chan-Seok Kang, Kwon Kyu Yu, Yong-Ho Lee, and Han Seb Moon. "Development of spin-exchange relaxation free magnetometer with a compact heating system." ACTA IMEKO 2, no. 1 (August 16, 2013): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v2i1.46.

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Atomic magnetometers based on spin-exchange relaxation free (SERF) regime typically operate with the high optical density and low magnetic fields. We present SERF magnetometer with a compact heating system for compact and efficient temperature control. A resistive heating system with high frequency alternating current was used to achieve high optical density. The current frequency was carefully chosen to avoid resonance with the atomic magnetometer. This resulted in a compact heating system that also allows independent operation of multiple heating systems. Optical rotation signal was obtained at 200 oC and width was about 3 nT with pump laser power of 55 mW. Bandwidth of the magnetometer with the compact heater was 40 Hz. Consequently, the compact resistive heating system proved to be a good alternative to the air-flow heating system. Additionally, residual field effect and signal-to-noise yielded a sensitivity of 50 fT/Hz1/2 at 10 Hz.

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Iannace, Gino, Virginia Puyana-Romero, and Giuseppe Ciaburro. "Corn plants as temporary acoustic barrier to limit the effects of noise pollution." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 2164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2066.

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Corn is a cereal imported into Europe from the Americas and is used for human and animal feed, but there are also industrial uses such as the production of ethanol, as a fuel for heating homes or to produce starch. Corn grows in the summer in areas where there is water. Corn is grown in many regions of the world and its production exceeds that of any other cereal in quantity. The corn plant can reach up to three meters in height, with a stem diameter of a few centimeters and with dense leaves longer than 30 cm and 10 cm wide. There are noisy activities where it is necessary to attenuate the noise produced to limit the effects of noise pollution. Some activities use temporary barriers depending on the processing cycle adopted. If noisy work is carried out during the summer season, corn rows of adequate width can be used as an acoustic barrier. In this paper, the possibility of using corn plants as an acoustic barrier is investigated. The acoustic measurements of the noise attenuation of corn rows of adequate width are described. Using a semi-spherical source placed on the ground, the acoustic attenuation due to the corn plants arranged in several rows for different distances from the sound source to the receiver was measured.

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Long, Jiang, Xu Dong Wang, and Yu Song. "A Circuit Design for Portable Cooling and Heating System Based on STC89C52RC MCU." Advanced Materials Research 981 (July 2014): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.99.

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Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC), with typical advantages such as low acoustic noise, small volume, lightness, high performance and high reliability, is a compact device widely used in fields like military applications and cooling or heating small spaces. Circuit design of a real-time controlled, LED displayed and monitored cooling and heating system is presented in this paper. The system is consisted of STC89C52RC MCU, TEC1-12706, temperature monitoring chip DS18B20, LED temperature display unit etc. Five kinds of functions like heating or cooling automatically adjustable, temperature controlling, temperature real-time displaying and monitoring and limitation value settings are achieved. A high cooling/heating efficiency has been obtained. The test result shows that the temperature rise/decrease can be 6,83°C/2.18°C per minute in the early 5 operation process of this system.

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Thorburn, Steven. "Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning noise calculations after the slide rule and calculator." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 139, no. 4 (April 2016): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4950092.

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Lee, Joonhee, and Lily M. Wang. "How audible tones affect psychoacoustic perception of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning noise." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 139, no. 4 (April 2016): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4950096.

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Chory, Anthony G. "System and method for transmission gearbox noise control utilizing localized oil cooling/heating." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 94, no. 6 (December 1993): 3535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.407144.

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Plotnikov, A., and T. Zhilina. "Dependency of noise level indicators on the heating power of rooftop boiler room." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 481 (March 11, 2019): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/481/1/012022.

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Luo, Y. S., Xiao Guang Fu, and Xiao Jun Wang. "Malfunction Analysis of the NC Machine Tool and its Vibration Model." Key Engineering Materials 426-427 (January 2010): 458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.426-427.458.

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The means of classification of the NC machine tool malfunctions is the key basis on detecting malfunctions and processing malfunctions` s signal. By defining malfunction mechanism and malfunction mode, a series of new classifications are presented. According to malfunction mechanism, mechanical malfunction are damage malfunction, lubrication malfunction, and fit malfunction. According to malfunction mode, the noise malfunction can be classified as vibration malfunction mode, the heating malfunction can be classified as heating malfunction mode, and the bad motion malfunction can be classified as deformation malfunction mode. Conclusion is that damage malfunction of gear and bearing malfunction is the most frequent malfunction whose performance formation is noise. Another conclusion is that tooth surface fatigue is the familiar malfunction, and bearing malfunction is mainly caused by surface peeling. Based on these conclusions, the vibration model of the mechanical failure is established, which lays a foundation for dealing with the follow-up signal.

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Nikolaeva, E. P. "Structure Investigation of the Constructional Steel St3ps after Argon-Arc Plasma Treatment." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.500.

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The plasma processing causes a change of a surface layer structure and characteristics of the surface layer of the material. During plasma processing the surface is subjected to ultrafast heating and cooling which causes a thin hardened layer, and the resulting non-equilibrium structure of the layer provides properties that are different from the properties of the base metal. Since transformations in alloys due to the ultrafast heating by highly concentrated energy flows are not sufficiently explored, the surface layer structural state and its properties are of a great practical and scientific interest. The article presents study results of the St3ps steel after surface hardening with plasma arc. To study the structure of steel, the author used the microanalysis, the magnetostructural Barkhausen Noise Method; residual stresses have been determined by the x-ray diffraction. The study revealed correlation between the processing mode, steel microstructure, residual stress values and the Barkhausen noise amplitude.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Heating – Noise'

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