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1
Samran, Santalunai, Thosdeekoraphat Thanaset, and Thongsopa Chanchai. "Thermal Analysis of Inductive Coils Array against Cylindrical Material Steel for Induction Heating Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 330 (June 2013): 754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.330.754.
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This paper presented the heating of inductive coil which is 3 elements array. The induction heating coil improve the variations heating that it is increased the system efficiency. By means of the inductive coil has the diameter of 2, 3 and 4 cm and divide the coil as 2 types. There are the inverses and reverse inductive coil arrays, with heating test by cylindrical steel material. Then, this paper considers the heating efficiency simulation of 2 types by CST EM studio 2009. In addition, the experimental of the inductor heating is use the full bridge inverter circuit, the power of 200 W at 28 kHz resonant frequency. Moreover, the distance between coils is coincided of simulation and experimental results, the inverse type at the diameter of 2 cm can be provide the maximum heater.
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Nian, Shih-Chih, Che-Wei Lien, and Ming-Shyan Huang. "Experimental rapid surface heating by induction for injection molding of large LCD TV frames." Journal of Polymer Engineering 34, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0243.
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Abstract The use of electromagnetic induction heating on achieving high mold temperature has been proven to effectively improve the appearance quality of injection molded parts. However, until now, the method has only successfully been used on heating small mold surfaces. This study aims to apply the method on a large injection mold that is used for producing 42-inch LCD TV frames. With the goals of achieving heating efficiency and uniformity, the main focus in this research is designing the induction coil. Initially, three types of induction coils – a single-layered coil with currents that flow in one direction, a single-layered coil with currents that flow in opposite directions, and a two-layered coil – were compared to confirm their heating rates; the best one was then chosen. Additionally, evaluation of various induction coils was preceded with commercial simulation software that supports electromagnetic and thermal analyses. An experiment involving heating a simple workpiece with a heated area similar to that of the male mold plate of the LCD TV frames was conducted to confirm its heating rate and uniformity. Real injection molding LCD TV frames assisted with induction heating was then carried out. Experimental results depicted that: (1) a single-layered coil with currents that flow in one direction performed best; (2) that it heated the simple workpiece at a high heating rate of 5.5°C/s with reasonable temperature uniformity (standard deviation: 5.1°C); and (3) induction heating of a 42-inch LCD TV frame mold surface in practical injection molding provided a high heating rate of 4.5°C/s with favorable temperature uniformity (standard deviation: 4.0°C).
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Sai Charan, Karnati Kumar, Seshadri Reddy Nagireddy, Sumana Bhattacharjee, and Aftab M. Hussain. "Design of Heating Coils Based on Space-Filling Fractal Curves for Highly Uniform Temperature Distribution." MRS Advances 5, no. 18-19 (2020): 1007–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.17.
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AbstractHeating coils utilize the concept of resistive heating to convert electrical energy into thermal energy. Uniform heating of the target area is the key performance indicator for heating coil design. Highly uniform distribution of temperature can be achieved by using a dense metal distribution in the area under consideration, however, this increases the cost of production significantly. A low-cost and efficient heating coil should have excellent temperature uniformity while having minimum metal consumption. In this work, space-filling fractal curves, such as Peano curve, Hilbert curve and Moore curve of various orders, have been studied as geometries for heating coils. In order to compare them in an effective way, the area of the geometries has been held constant at 30 mm × 30 mm and a constant power of 2 W has been maintained across all the geometries. Further, the thickness of the metal coils and their widths have been kept constant for all geometries. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) results show Hilbert and Moore curves of order-4, and Peano curve of order-3 outperform the typical double-spiral heater in terms of temperature uniformity and metal coil length.
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WALUYO, Ratna SUSANA, and Robbie KURNIADI M. "Induction Heating Stove Prototype of 130 kHz using Arduino Uno." Electrotehnica, Electronica, Automatica 70, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46904/eea.22.70.1.1108005.
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Induction electric heating utilizes the momentum of skin effect resulting from eddy current. In this study, the eddy currents exist in coils that have been induced from the heating and skin effect occurs on the skin of coil sheath that induces heat on the workpiece. This study also discussed the design of one induction electric heating method that is rarely used in cooker’s coils that using resonant circuit of zero-voltage switching (ZVS). Typically, ZVS circuits are used on heater coils such as solenoid-shaped coils, so, in this study, there is an opportunity to utilize ZVS resonant circuit for heating on cooker coils in the form of pancake coils. The ZVS assisted the induction process in the heating control circuit. It used an Arduino Uno-based control circuit due to complete parts and compact. The microcontroller was played as the keypad and push-button input control. The sensor and display were played as the output. From the test results to determine the size of toroid transformers obtained toroid black type with a cable size about 1.5 mm solid with 10 turns. To determine the size of the coil pancake obtained air gap copper wire with a diameter of 4.7 mm (≈5 mm) with 12 turns. The average temperature rise reached 0.0815°C/s and 0.0889°C/s for the thermocouple and thermometer readings, respectively. The average heating rates were 21.4 cal/s and 81.6 cal/s, respectively for collector 1 and collector 2. The higher the temperature want to achieve, the lower the value of heat transfer efficiency. The yielded induction heating operational frequency on both channel was almost balanced at a frequency of 130-131 kHz, before shunt resistor installation. This small variation was probably cause by the choke position which was influenced by the pancake coil that was not exactly in the middle of the overall length of the coil. While, after shunt resistor installation, the yielded induction heating operational frequency was 125 kHz, which was for measurement purposes.
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Petrashev, Aleksandr I., and Larisa G. Knyazeva. "Increasing the Flow Capacity of Hoses with Electrical-Heater Coils to Supply Thickened Preservatives for Spraying." Engineering Technologies and Systems 31, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 559–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.031.202104.559-576.
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Introduction. Anticorrosion protection of agricultural machinery working elements is provided through using pneumatic application of thickened preservatives with heating. For this purpose, a wire coil is inserted inside the preservative-supply hose and connected to a current source. It is known that the wire thickness and the coil pitch affect the hydraulic resistance to fluid flow. However, it has not been established how the diameter of the coil insert and its heating affect the flow capacity of the flexible hose channel. The purpose of the research is to increase the capacity of a flexible hose with an electrical-heater coil. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine its geometric parameters minimizing the hydraulic resistance to the thickened preservative flow and reducing the energy consumption for heating the material in the hose. Materials and Methods. It is proposed to investigate two electrical-heater coils of the same length, but of different diameter, made of steel welding wire pieces of equal length. There was developed a stand to study the influence of the inserted coil parameters on the hose hydraulic resistance. The stand was used to determine pressure losses in hoses with coils and in smooth hoses when used engine oil and thickened preservative flow through them. The flow capacity of the hose with cold and heated coils was estimated. Results. The method of heating the preservative in the hose wall layer is justified. At the same time, its flow capacity increases one and a half times with less energy consumption (2.4 times) than when heating the preservative in the central part of the hose. Under laminar flow mode, the pressure loss in the hose is 2 times lower when the coil is equal to 0.85 of the hose channel diameter than when the coil is equal to 0.67 of the channel diameter. Discussion and Conclusion. The research found the rational way of placing the electrical coil near the heated hose channel wall. At low air temperature, the reduction of the thickened preservative viscosity by heating in the hose helps to decrease the pressure loss up to 50% and increase its flow capacity by 1.4‒2.0 times. The use of a electrical-heater coil in the hose with thickened preservative will minimize energy consumption when preserving equipment on open storage sites.
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Zhang, Xiao Yan, Fang Fang Jiang, Shan Yuan Zhao, Wen Fei Tian, and Xiao Hang Chen. "Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Characteristics and Pressure Drops for Water Flowing in Spiral Coil Heat Exchanger." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.593.
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The heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for water flowing in four spiral coils with different shapes and different sizes were experimental studied. Reynolds number range from 4000 to 9000, volume flow rate range from 200 to 350 L/h and heating power range from 80-350 W. Based on the experimental results, the regularity of Reynolds number and heating power influencing on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics was analyzed and discussed. The results indicate: the Nu increases with increasing Re, the greatest average heat transfer coefficient appears in the smaller circular spiral coil. The heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing heating power, the greatest average heat transfer coefficient also appears in the smaller circular spiral coil. The pressure drops increase with increasing Re, the pressure drop in big ellipse spiral coil is greatest. The resistance coefficients gradually decrease with increasing Re. The resistance coefficient of small circular spiral coil is always greatest, and the resistance coefficient of big circular spiral coil is smallest.
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Hofmann, Christian, Maulik Satwara, Martin Kroll, Sushant Panhale, Patrick Rochala, Maik Wiemer, Karla Hiller, and Harald Kuhn. "Localized Induction Heating of Cu-Sn Layers for Rapid Solid-Liquid Interdiffusion Bonding Based on Miniaturized Coils." Micromachines 13, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13081307.
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Considering the demand for low temperature bonding in 3D integration and packaging of microelectronic or micromechanical components, this paper presents the development and application of an innovative inductive heating system using micro coils for rapid Cu-Sn solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding at chip-level. The design and optimization of the micro coil as well as the analysis of the heating process were carried out by means of finite element method (FEM). The micro coil is a composite material of an aluminum nitride (AlN) carrier substrate and embedded metallic coil conductors. The conductive coil geometry is generated by electroplating of 500 µm thick copper into the AlN carrier. By using the aforementioned micro coil for inductive Cu-Sn SLID bonding, a complete transformation into the thermodynamic stable ε-phase Cu3Sn with an average shear strength of 45.1 N/mm2 could be achieved in 130 s by applying a bond pressure of 3 MPa. In comparison to conventional bonding methods using conduction-based global heating, the presented inductive bonding approach is characterized by combining very high heating rates of about 180 K/s as well as localized heating and efficient cooling of the bond structures. In future, the technology will open new opportunities in the field of wafer-level bonding.
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Oar, Michael A., Cynthia H. Savage, Echoleah S. Rufer, Richard P. Rucker, and Jesse A. Guzman. "Thermography of cannabis extract vaporization cartridge heating coils in temperature- and voltage-controlled systems during a simulated human puff." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 26, 2022): e0262265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262265.
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Vaporized cannabis is believed to be safer than smoking, but when heated to excessive temperatures nearing combustion (>900 °C) harmful byproducts may form. While some cannabis extract vaporizers operate well below these high temperatures, heating coil temperatures obtained during actual use are frequently not reported and many operate at high temperatures. We report on two major objectives: 1) development of an infrared thermography method to measure heating coil temperatures in cannabis extract vaporizers during a simulated puff and 2) a comparison of temperature- to voltage- controlled cannabis extract vaporization systems during a puff. Infrared thermography was used to measure heating coil temperatures in one temperature-controlled and two voltage-controlled systems. The cartridges were modified for direct line-of-sight on the heating coils, the wick and coils were saturated with cannabis extract, and fixtures were developed to force two liters per minute air flow past the coils for the full duration of the puff allowed by the device. The voltage-controlled systems produced higher temperatures with greater variability than the temperature-controlled system. At the highest temperature setting (420 °C) the temperature-controlled system reached an average heating coil temperature of 420 ± 9.5 °C whereas the 4.0V setting on the variable voltage system reached an average temperature of 543 ± 95.9 °C and the single voltage (3.2V) system an average of 450 ± 60.8 °C. The average temperature at the lowest setting (270 °C) on the temperature-controlled system was 246 ± 5.1 °C and the variable voltage system (2.4V) was 443 ± 56.1 °C. Voltage alone was a poor indicator of coil temperature and only the temperature-controlled system consistently maintained temperatures less than 400 °C for the full puff duration. These lower temperatures could reduce the likelihood of harmful thermal degradation products and thus may reduce potential health risk to consumers when vaporizing cannabis extracts.
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Jamlus, Mohd Hanafiah Mat, and Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim. "Attaining Soot Oxidation Temperature by Inductive Coils Exposed to Electromagnetic Waves." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.304.
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This paper presents the findings in attaining soot oxidation temperature by using carbon steel coils exposed to electromagnetic waves. Soot are unburned carbon product in the exhaust gases during the combustion of diesel fuel, which are subjected to stringent emission regulations due to its harmful properties. The unburned carbon can be oxidised by heating as after-treatment strategy but in order for the oxidation to occur, it would require a temperature of not less than 600°C. In the present work, eight heating elements made from various carbon steel coil sizes were exposed to electromagnetic waves in the microwave oven cavity which heats up the coils to the oxidation temperature. Electromagnetic waves heating utilises electromagnetic radiation to induce electric field in a conductive material that causes the material to be heated. The microwave oven used has a power rating of 1000 W, with a microwave range of 2450 Mhz. Measurement of coils temperature and exposure time to electromagnetic waves were recorded and analysed. The results showed that only the coils with bigger coil loop size, i.e. 20 mm and lowest number of turns, i.e. 10 turns attained the threshold temperature of 600°C, while smaller diameter coil would accelerate the rate of heating. The findings from the research work are significant facts in the future development of in-situ exhaust gas after treatment system in reducing soot emissions.
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Ramaswamy, Hosahalli S., and Manguang Lin. "Influence of System Variables on the Heating Characteristics of Water during Continuous Flow Microwave Heating." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2011 (October 29, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/264249.
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A domestic microwave oven (1000 W) was modified to permit the continuous flow of liquids run through a helical coil centrally located inside the oven cavity. Heating characteristics were evaluated by measuring inlet and outlet temperatures of coil as a function of system variables. The influence of number of turns, coil diameter, tube diameter, pitch and initial temperature were evaluated at different flow rates. The average residence time of water was computed by dividing the coil volume by the volumetric flow rate. The influence of Dean number was evaluated. Results from this study showed that (1) higher number of turns resulted in lower heating rate, lower temperature fluctuations, higher exit temperature and longer time to achieve temperature equilibrium; (2) larger tube or coil diameter gave larger coil volume causing the heating rate to decrease; (3) faster flow rates resulted in lower exit temperatures, lower temperature fluctuation, higher Dean number and slightly higher heating rate; (4) higher initial temperatures resulted in higher exit temperatures; (5) higher Dean number resulted in more uniform heating and slightly higher heating rate. Overall, the coil volume was the more dominant factor affecting heating rate as compared with flow rate and Dean number.
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Tian, Yankang, Libo Wang, Gerald Anyasodor, and Yi Qin. "Numerical study of the induction heating of aluminium sheets for hot stamping." MATEC Web of Conferences 190 (2018): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819008002.
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Induction heating is one of the most popular metal heating technologies because of its high heating rate and high energy efficiency. This method is suitable for heating workpieces/blanks in different shapes, sizes and materials. Induction heating of metal sheets has been investigated by various research organizations and industrial companies. However, information concerning the induction heating of aluminium blanks is limited. Further, investigations were required by industries to address the issues relating to the uneven temperature distributions developed in the metal sheets so that an optimized design could be developed to help the enhancement of the technology. Aiming at the study of the induction heating process for hot stamping, especially the temperature distribution developed in the aluminium sheets, this paper presents in-depth analysis of induction heating using 3D FE simulations, involving uses of DEFORM and COMSOL. Different coil arrangements, level of powers, frequencies, cycle times, etc. have been modelled and simulated to examine their effects on the heating efficiency and developed temperature profiles in the Aluminium sheets. It is revealed from the simulations that design features in the induction coils like shapes of cross-sections and angles of coil corners affect the uniformity of the developed temperatures in the metal sheets. Heating with an optimized combination of the coil design and the power setting could help to achieve higher heating rates and temperature uniformity. Nevertheless, the application could be constrained by some practical factors.
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Song, Kangjie, Jing Guan, Kunmao Li, and Jing Liu. "Experimental and numerical study of the effect of coil structure on induction nitriding temperature field." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 7 (July 2020): 168781402093848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020938484.
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The axial and radial temperature distributions of an induction heating workpiece considerably impact the subsequent nitriding process. To obtain a satisfactory temperature distribution, an equal pitch coil, a variable pitch coil, and a variable radius coil were designed. Furthermore, an induction heating model that exhibits electromagnetic and temperature field coupling was established; thus, the effects of the current density and frequency on the heating efficiency and temperature distribution of the workpiece were analyzed and compared. In addition, an induction heating experiment was conducted to verify the model. According to the numerical results, the variable radius coil can reduce the axial temperature difference in comparison with equal pitch coil and variable pitch coil. Hence, the workpiece heated using the variable radius coil can achieve a better temperature distribution when compared with those heated by the equal pitch coil and variable pitch coil, with appropriate current density and current frequency values.
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Kim, Jinsun, Sung-Woo Kim, and Seong-Pil Kwon. "Study on Thermal Accumulation Risk of e-Cigarettes According to Heating Coil Shape." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.43e071b7.
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In this study, factors affecting the degree of heat accumulation and amount of carbonyl compound production of e-cigarettes were studied. Structurally, e-cigarettes consist of an electronic circuit device and a cartomizer. The liquid solution of the e-cigarette is vaporized by a coil in the cartomizer, where heat accumulation and carbonyl compound production occur. The relationship between the two were analyzed according to the shape of the coil. X-ray images of the coil shapes within the cartomizer were obtained and classified according to the relative widths of the coils. The degree of heat accumulation and amount of carbonyl compound generation were examined via inhale and exhale tests. The relationships among the relative width of the coil, degree of heat accumulation, and amount of carbonyl compound generation were derived. For optimal design of the cartomizer, it is suggested that the relative width of the coil be set to to 5 or more.
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Dong, Hongbao, Yao Zhao, and Hua Yuan. "Effect of Coil Width on Deformed Shape and Processing Efficiency during Ship Hull Forming by Induction Heating." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 7, 2018): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091585.
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The main hull of a ship is made up of a large number of plates with complex curvatures. Line heating is one of the main approaches used in the forming of a ship hull plate. Because line heating is based on manual heating using a handheld oxyacetylene gun, the typical heating width is extremely narrow. With the development of computer control technology, a newly developed automated plate forming equipment is available and its heat source is typically an electromagnetic induction coil. The temperature field and the induction coil size are correlated. However, investigations into the induction coil size are scarce. In this study, the effect that the induction coil width has on both the forming shape and processing efficiency is investigated via simulation and test. The results show that a moderate expansion of the induction coil width at different input powers has an insignificant impact on forming shapes that is attainable by common line heating. However, as the heating width expands with the expansion of the induction coil width, the number of the processing lines via line heating is reduced which improves the processing efficiency.
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Bui, Huy-Tien, and Sheng-Jye Hwang. "Development of barrel heating system in injection molding machine via induction heating." Rapid Prototyping Journal 21, no. 3 (April 20, 2015): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-06-2013-0062.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a barrel heating system using induction heating instead of resistance heating. And, a working coil for the induction heating system was designed so that the barrel has uniform temperature distribution. Design/methodology/approach – A coupling design combining the pitch of turns of working coil with the magnetic flux concentrators in the barrel induction heating system was developed to achieve uniform temperature distribution which was approximately the same as temperature uniformity obtained from that of resistance heating system. Findings – In contrast to resistance heating method, induction heating is more efficient because the heating is directly applied on the work-piece. Its heating rate is higher than that of resistance heating method. However, the uneven temperature distribution in the barrel is the main disadvantage of the induction heating system. But, with proper design of adjusting the pitch of turns at the center of working coil and adding magnetic flux concentrators at areas with lower magnetic flux, the barrel heating system via induction can achieve temperature distribution uniformity. Originality/value – Under proper design of working coil, the barrel heating system by induction method can achieve the same uniform temperature distribution as the barrel heated by resistance method, and could be practically used in an injection molding machine.
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Zhu, Jia Xiong, and Qiang Tong. "A Novel Design on Uniform Heating Wire Coil of Induction Cooker." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 1044–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.1044.
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In this paper, based on the principle of induction heating and eddy current fields working, the equivalent circuit model of induction cooker heating was proposed and analyzed. By using the finite element numerical analysis software, the optimization design and model simulations of induction cooker were implemented. Finally, a new design of induction cooker with the uniform heating-coil was proposed, and the magnetic circuit modeling and simulation of new type induction cooker heating was carried out, the eddy current loss density distribution in the common wire coil and the improved wire coil was separately calculated and compared. The results shown the new wire coil had higher energy efficiency and more uniform heating characteristics, which provided a reference for the future optimization design and development of induction cooker.
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Shoshiashvili, Levan, Irma Shamatava, David Kakulia, and Fridon Shubitidze. "Design and Assessment of a Novel Biconical Human-Sized Alternating Magnetic Field Coil for MNP Hyperthermia Treatment of Deep-Seated Cancer." Cancers 15, no. 6 (March 8, 2023): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15061672.
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Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) hyperthermia therapy is a treatment technique that can be used alone or as an adjunct to radiation and/or chemotherapies for killing cancer cells. During treatment, MNPs absorb a part of electromagnetic field (EMF) energy and generate localized heat when subjected to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The MNP-absorbed EMF energy, which is characterized by a specific absorption rate (SAR), is directly proportional to AMF frequency and the magnitude of transmitting currents in the coil. Furthermore, the AMF penetrates inside tissue and induces eddy currents in electrically conducting tissues, which are proportional to the electric field (J = σE). The eddy currents produce Joule heating (<J·E> = 0.5·σ·E2) in the normal tissue, the rate of energy transfer to the charge carriers from the applied electric fields. This Joule heating contains only the electric field because the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the velocity of the conduction charges, i.e., it does not produce work on moving charge. Like the SAR due to MNP, the electric field produced by the AMF coil is directly proportional to AMF frequency and the magnitude of transmitting currents in the coil. As a result, the Joule heating is directly proportional to the square of the frequency and transmitter current magnitude. Due to the fast decay of magnetic fields from an AMF coil over distance, MNP hyperthermia treatment of deep-seated tumors requires high-magnitude transmitting currents in the coil for clinically achievable MNP distributions in the tumor. This inevitably produces significant Joule heating in the normal tissue and becomes more complicated for a standard MNP hyperthermia approach for deep-seated tumors, such as pancreatic, prostate, liver, lung, ovarian, kidney, and colorectal cancers. This paper presents a novel human-sized AMF coil and MNP hyperthermia system design for safely and effectively treating deep-seated cancers. The proposed design utilizes the spatial distribution of electric and magnetic fields of circular coils. Namely, it first minimizes the SAR due to eddy currents in the normal tissue by moving the conductors away from the tissue (i.e., increasing coils’ radii), and second, it increases the magnetic field at the targeted area (z = 0) due to elevated coils (|z| > 0) by increasing the radius of the elevated coils (|z| > 0). This approach is a promising alternative aimed at overcoming the limitation of standard MNP hyperthermia for deep-seated cancers by taking advantage of the transmitter coil’s electric and magnetic field distributions in the human body for maximizing AMF in tumor regions and avoiding damage to normal tissue. The human-sized coil’s AMF, MNP activation, and eddy current distribution characteristics are investigated for safe and effective treatment of deep-seated tumors using numerical models. Namely, computational results such as AMF, Joule heating SAR, and temperature distributions are presented for a full-body, 3D human model. The SAR and temperature distributions clearly show that the proposed human-sized AMF coil can provide clinically relevant AMF to the region occupied by deep-seated cancers for the application of MNP hyperthermia therapy while causing less Joule heating in the normal tissues than commonly used AMF techniques.
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Chang, Lichun, Yao Zhao, Hua Yuan, Xiaocai Hu, Zhen Yang, and Hao Zhang. "Effect of Plate Curvature on Heat Source Distribution in Induction Line Heating for Plate Forming." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (March 27, 2020): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072304.
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Line heating is an essential process in the formation of ship hull plates with a complex curvature. Electromagnetic induction heating is widely used in the line heating process. In electromagnetic induction heating, the shape of the coil and the air gap between the inductor and workpiece could influence the heat source distribution. Moreover, in the line heating process, the change of curvature of the plate will cause a change of the air gap of the inductor. Magnetic thermal coupling calculation is an effective method for simulating induction heating. This paper used the finite element method to calculate the distribution of heat sources in different initial plate curvatures and coil widths. The changes in heat source distribution and its laws were investigated. The results show that when the coil width is less than 100 mm, the effect of plate curvature on heat source distribution and strain distribution is not apparent; when the coil width is greater than 100 mm, the plate curvature has a visible effect on the heat generation distribution. In the case of a curvature increasing from 0 to 1 and a coil width equal to 220 mm, the Joule heat generation in the center of the heating area is reduced by up to 21%.
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Zhang, Yin, Hui Zhang, Yixiong Yan, and Pengfei Zhu. "Dynamic Induction Heating Temperature Field Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gears." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (October 6, 2022): 10018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910018.
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Combining tooth surface induction heating and shot peening is an efficient method to improve tooth surface performance. Reasonable designs of the induction coil structure and parameters are essential for achieving uniform and efficient tooth surface heating. In this work, to precisely control the tooth surface temperature field and improve the heat uniformity across the tooth surface, a transverse coil (TC) and a longitudinal coil (LC) were designed, and the gear was set to rotate at a constant speed of 20 r/min, dividing the tooth surface is into a shot-peening area and heating area. Further, dynamic numerical simulations were performed using COMSOL Multiphysics in combination with the uniform rotation of gears to investigate the effect of the coil structure on the temperature field of the outer surface of gears. The results of the analyses combining the effects of different electrical parameters revealed that the gear surface temperature under LC heating was more uniformly distributed in the axial and circumferential directions, the tooth surface temperature fluctuations were smaller, the temperature difference between the root and top of the tooth was smaller, an coil heating was more efficient. Thus, the LC was deemed suitable for use as the spiral bevel gear induction heating coil. Finally, heating experiments were conducted using the LC to validate the simulation model. The results show that the use of LC heating can achieve the research goals of uniform temperature field distribution on the tooth surface and efficient temperature rise, providing the prerequisite for shot peening.
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Bui, Huy-Tien, and Sheng-Jye Hwang. "Design of an induction heating coil coupled with magnetic flux concentrators for barrel heating of an injection molding machine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 3 (June 5, 2014): 518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214537806.
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In an injection molding machine, the conventional barrel heating system which uses resistance heating method (RH) has some drawbacks such as low heating rate, long heating time, and energy loss. With induction heating (IH) technique, the barrel can better handle almost all of these disadvantages. However, non-uniform temperature distribution on inside surface of a barrel is the main drawback of induction heaters. A working coil coupled with magnetic flux concentrators via adjustment of magnetic flux concentrator spacing to achieve uniformity of magnetic flux and temperature distribution on the inside surface of a barrel was proposed and experimented. Results showed that, when barrel was heated by induction heating method with the proposed induction heating coil, heating time to reach a specific temperature could be reduced, and heating rate increased compared to resistance heating method. With 8 mm pitch of magnetic flux concentrators on a coil, the temperature distribution was the most uniform.
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Ramalingam, Senthil Rajan, C. S. Boopathi, Sridhar Ramasamy, Mominul Ahsan, Julfikar Haider, and Mohammad Shahjalal. "A Single-Coil Multi-Tapped PDM-Based Induction Heating System for Domestic Applications." Electronics 12, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020404.
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The conventional heating system is inefficient as the major part of the heating coil lies out-side the vessel it is placed on. This research article proposes a new single-coil multi-tapped induction heating system. This novel induction heating system is facilitated by a half-bridge resonant converter controlled by zero-voltage switching (ZVS). The multi-tapping winding system ensures an effective heat transfer between the coil and the working vessel with the windings of the induction coil segmented to an equivalent size of the vessel. The pulse density modulation (PDM) scheme employed here as the control proves to be the most versatile one. The whole system is duly simulated for an 850 W IH setup in MATLAB Simulink and implemented as a hardware prototype using a half-bridge resonant converter. The control pulses are developed through the PDM in a PIC16F877A controller. The simulation and experimental results prove the credibility of the proposed induction heating (IH) scheme, and during heavy loading conditions, it outperforms the single-coil IH system by gaining an efficiency of 89.29%
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Mao, Kun Li. "Heating Coil and Delivery Pipe Design of Asphalt Heating Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.52.
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Medium pressure water asphalt heating equipment and hot oil asphalt heating equipment widely used in asphalt concrete mixture are using indirect heating method. In indirect asphalt heating device design, heating coil full of heating medium in asphalt tank and asphalt delivery pipe to next technological tank or asphalt concrete mixing device are key parts for the heating technology. Based on heat-transfer mechanism of heating medium, medium pressure water and hot oil have been compared, and medium pressure water has been chosen as heating medium for better character in heat transmission capability and efficiency. By thermo technical calculation, diameter,length and layout of heating coil have been decided, and structure of asphalt delivery pipe has been designed. Equipment running effect shows pipeline of medium pressure water system is designed reasonably and goal temperature of asphalt can be reached.
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Hung, Chia-Ming, and Cheng-Chi Tai. "Liver tumor ablation enhancement by induction-heating system with bitter-like deep magnetic field coil." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 054107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0066308.
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The heated metal needle used for tumor thermotherapy is considered crucial for enhancing the practicality of cauterization using electromagnetic induction-heating techniques. In this study, a novel coil capable of producing a deep magnetic field is designed. In the proposed design, the coil structure is improved to enhance the intensity of the coil’s deep magnetic field and its suitability for deep-tissue cauterization. Furthermore, a series of experiments are conducted using a single and consistent input current. The heating experiments are conducted at varying depths by placing the needle beneath the coil. The proposed coil significantly increases the induction-heating temperature and provides a solution to the long-standing problem of insufficient needle temperature. This research has also improved the usability of the induction-heating equipment in the field of deep tumor ablation.
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Wu, Xiushan, Can Li, Sian Sun, Renyuan Tong, and Qing Li. "A Study on the Heating Method and Implementation of a Shrink-Fit Tool Holder." Energies 12, no. 18 (September 4, 2019): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183416.
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A novel induction heating coil is proposed and designed as a shrink-fit tool holder. An electromagnetic field analysis of the coil with different winding methods is conducted using the ANSYS finite element analysis software and an appropriate coil structure is determined, based on the simulated electromagnetic field distribution cloud maps. The magnetic field in the X–Y plane is increased by one order of magnitude around the surface with the addition of the designed magnetic slot, as well as improving the magnetic leakage. The electromagnetic field strength in the middle of the coil is greatly increased, up to 2.312 × 104 A/m, by the addition of a designed magnetic ring covering the top of the coil. The distribution of the three-dimensional temperature field is obtained by the ANSYS workbench transient thermal analysis software, based on the selected coil. Hot-loading equipment used for shrink-fit tool holders are implemented with diameter-selection, power, and heating time-setting functions. Experiments on different types of tool holders are carried out to obtain optimal heating parameters and to verify the reliability of the implemented heating equipment. Through experimental testing, the inserting and pulling out temperature is found to be about 270 °C for the BT40-SF06 and about 285 °C for the BT40-SF10. According to the experimental results, the simulated temperature field is in good agreement with the measured result. The optimal heating parameters of the heating equipment are determined, which proves the correctness of the heating method of the shrink-fit tool holder.
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Newcombe, Virginia F. J., Robert C. Hawkes, Sally G. Harding, Roslyn Willcox, Sarah Brock, Peter J. Hutchinson, David K. Menon, T. Adrian Carpenter, and Jonathan P. Coles. "Potential heating caused by intraparenchymal intracranial pressure transducers in a 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging system using a body radiofrequency resonator: assessment of the Codman MicroSensor Transducer." Journal of Neurosurgery 109, no. 1 (July 2008): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/109/7/0159.
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Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy may provide important clinical information in the acute stages of brain injury. For this to occur it must be ensured that intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring devices are safe to bring into the MR imaging suite. The authors tested a Codman MicroSensor ICP Transducer (Codman & Shurtleff, Inc.) within a 3-T MR imaging system using the transmit body coil and receive-only coils and the transmit-and-receive head coil. Extreme and rapid heating of 64°C was noted with the transducer wire in certain positions when using the transmit body coil and receive-only head coil. This is consistent with the phenomenon of resonance, and the probe was shown to have a distinct resonant response when coupled to HP 4195A Network Analyzer (Hewlett Packard). Coiling some of the transducer wire outside of the receive-only head coil reduced the generated current and so stopped the thermogenesis. This may be due to the introduction of a radiofrequency choke. The ICP transducer performed within clinically acceptable limits in both the static magnetic field and during imaging with high radiofrequency power when the excess wire was in this configuration. No heating was observed when a transmit-and-receive head coil was used. This study has shown when using a high-field magnet, the Codman ICP probe is MR conditional. That is, in the authors' system, it can be safely used with the transmit-and-receive head coil, but when using the transmit body coil the transducer wire must be coiled into concentric loops outside of the receive-only head coil.
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Yamamoto, Takahiko, and Kohji Koshiji. "Magnetic-Field Immunity Examination and Evaluation of Transcutaneous Energy-Transmission System for a Totally Implantable Artificial Heart." Advances in Power Electronics 2012 (January 9, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/421639.
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Transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) is the most promising noninvasive method for supplying driving energy to a totally implantable artificial heart. Induction-heating (IH) cookers generate a magnetic flux, and if a cooker is operated near a transcutaneous transformer, the magnetic flux generated will link with its external and internal coils. This will affect the performance of the TET and the artificial heart system. In this paper, we present the design and development of a coil to be used for a magnetic immunity test, and we detail the investigation of the magnetic immunity of a transcutaneous transformer. The experimental coil, with five turns like a solenoid, was able to generate a uniform magnetic field in the necessary bandwidth. A magnetic-field immunity examination of the TET system was performed using this coil, and the system was confirmed to have sufficient immunity to the magnetic field generated as a result of the conventional operation of induction-heating cooker.
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Cretu, Mihaela, and Dan Doru Micu. "Improved coil design for repetitive magnetic stimulation of the spinal cord." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 4 (July 6, 2015): 1043–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2014-0253.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the response of the spinal cord, the transmembrane potential, during lumbar magnetic stimulation, using a figure of eight coil. Design/methodology/approach – In order to obtain a precise stimulation of the spinal cord and not the nearby nervous fibres, the coil from the electric circuit of the magnetic stimulator is optimized. The new proposed design is based on the turns’ placement inside the coil, the number of turns required to produce activation. Once the coil configuration is established, the paper addresses other issues that need to be solved: reducing power consumption (the low efficiency of power transfer from the coil to the tissue is a major drawback) and reducing coil heating. Findings – The traditional commercial coils, used for magnetic stimulation in some preliminary experiments, had proved their inability to specifically stimulate the target tissue, without activating the surrounding areas and the low efficiency of power transfer from the coil to the nervous tissue. A more realistic modelling of the stimulating coil, based on the distribution of turns inside the coil can lead to directly stimulation of the spinal cord, during lumbar magnetic stimulation. Practical implications – If the electrical circuit of the magnetic stimulator is improved, the direct stimulation of the spinal cord is obtained; so, this technique could facilitate functional motor activities, including standing and stepping in paralyzed people, without requiring implantation of electrodes like in electrical stimulation. Originality/value – The authors underlined that the spinal cord stimulation can be achieved by magnetic stimulation, only if the parameters of the stimulator circuit are optimized. Therefore an original and realistic modelling of the inductive coil was proposed based on number and turns’ distribution within the coil. The coil is designed so that reducing the excessive heating makes it difficult in obtaining a more frequent repetition of stimulus.
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Smusz, Robert, and Joanna Wilk. "Coil Heat Exchanger with the Nanofluid Filled Buffer Layer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 831 (April 2016): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.831.223.
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The paper presents the preliminary design of the special heat exchanger. The device under consideration is the kind of immersed coil heat exchangers. It consists of three vertical coils: two coils are standard, water is used as a heating medium; one coil is filled by the refrigerant R134a which transfers the waste heat from refrigeration and air conditioning system during the boiling processes. In order to prevent the possible refrigerant leakage, the special buffer layer filled with the nanofluid is mounted in the Freon coil. Thermophysical properties of the nanofluid cause the intensification of the heat transfer through the buffer layer and the same increase of the heat transfer rate. Calculations of thermal power were made. Correlations of heat transfer coefficients in curved tubes, pressure drop correlations for flow through helical coil tubes and correlations describing the heat transfer in the buffer layer, were applied. Results of the calculations indicate of the influence of of Freon coil on the exchanger heat transfer rate. Heat power of Freon coil is about 7 – 25% of water coil thermal power. Thus, the waste heat applied significantly increases the exchanger heat transfer rate.
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Sezer, Canberk, and Nihan Altintas. "Adaptation of Inductive Power Transfer to Small Household Appliances That Can Operate on Induction Heating Cooktops: Wireless Electric Kettle." Energies 16, no. 8 (April 19, 2023): 3544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083544.
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In this paper, an inductive power transfer (IPT) system without compensation elements is presented for small house appliances. The proposed system’s transmitter side is an independent induction heating cooktop. IPT can be achieved when the kettle with the receiving coils is placed on the transmitter coil. The coils are designed with a high coupling coefficient. The magnetic system model consisting of aligned transmitter and receiver coils is created in the Maxwell program. In the created model, the analysis depends on the air gap and frequency, which are the variables that affect the wireless power transfer. The electronic circuit simulation uses the coil model to examine the system’s dynamic behavior. The design of the transmitter/receiver coils of the IPT system is made with a cylindrical coil with a diameter of 145 mm, taking into account that it is compatible with the dimensions of the existing kettle and induction heating cooktops coil. A half-bridge series resonant converter circuit is used to adjust the power transferred to the load. To verify the simulation results and test the designed system, an experimental circuit using a 2200 W kettle is carried out. In the experiments, the air gap between the coils is kept constant at 7 mm, and measurements are taken for different powers. Experimental results confirm the magnetic model and simulation results. As a result, wireless power transfer is realized in a wide range without loss of performance in the kettle. System efficiency is greater than the 90% specified in the Ki cordless kitchen standard, and the harmonic currents drawn from the mains are lower than the values determined by the IEC 61000-3-2 standard.
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Han, Wei, Kwok Tong Chau, Hoi Chun Wong, Chaoqiang Jiang, and Wong Hing Lam. "All-In-One Induction Heating Using Dual Magnetic Couplings." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 10, 2019): 1772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091772.
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This paper proposes and implements an all-in-one induction heating system, which can accommodate both pan-shaped and wok-shaped utensils. Traditionally, the pan is heated by a planar induction cooktop while the wok is heated by a curved induction cooktop. In this paper, both magnetic inductive coupling and magnetic resonant coupling are utilized to achieve excellent heating performance of the wok based on a planar primary coil. The key is to flexibly employ a detachable frustum coil for heating the wok. Specifically, the theoretical models of the proposed induction heating system with and without using the frustum coil are derived to analyze the proposed system. Computational simulation results of the magnetic and thermal fields of the proposed system are provided to elaborate the heating performance of the wok. A 1500 W prototype is designed and built. The calculated, simulated and experimental results are all in good agreement, which validate the feasibility of the proposed induction heating system well.
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Ren Weiyan, 任伟艳, 桑凤亭 Sang Fengting, and 景春元 Jing Chunyuan. "Non-heating supersonic nozzle for COIL." High Power Laser and Particle Beams 22, no. 7 (2010): 1479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/hplpb20102207.1479.
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Bazhin, Vladimir, and Bashar Issa. "Influence of heat treatment on the microstructure of steel coils of a heating tube furnace." Journal of Mining Institute 249 (September 20, 2021): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2021.3.8.
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Transportation and refining of heavy metal-bearing oil are associated with the problems of localized destruction of metal structures and elements due to corrosion. In the process of equipment operation, it was revealed that premature failure of steel coils of heating tube furnaces at oil refineries and petrochemical plants was associated with insufficient strength and corrosion resistance of the steelwork. The study of the effect that structure and phase composition of 15KH5M-alloy steel elements of heating furnaces at oil refineries have on the corrosion properties, associated with mass loss and localized destructions in the process of heat treatment, allows to develop protective measures and determine heating modes with a rate-limiting step of oxidation. The rate of various corrosion types of 15KH5M steel is used as an indicator to assess the effectiveness of the applied modes of coil heat treatment in order to increase their corrosion resistance and improve their operational characteristics. Conducted experiments on heat treatment of certain steel coil sections allowed to determine rational heating modes for the studied coils, which made it possible to reduce their mass loss and increase corrosion resistance of working surfaces in the process of operation. Proposed heat treatment of steel coils at specified intervals of their operation in the tube furnaces creates conditions for their stable performance and affects the degree of industrial and environmental safety, as well as reduces material costs associated with the repair and replacement of individual assemblies and parts of tube furnaces.
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Mohapatra, Taraprasad, Sudhansu Sahoo, Sudhansu Mishra, Prasheet Mishra, and Dillip Biswal. "Performance Investigation of a Three Fluid Heat Exchanger Used in Domestic Heating Applications." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 9693–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.2.2022.06.0748.
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Recent work analytically investigates the heat transfer characteristics of a three fluid heat exchanger used for domestic heating applications with respect to different design parameters, i.e. flow rate, inlet temperature, tube diameter, coil diameter, and coil pitch. The present and previous results are compared with the literature. Overall agreement among these results are observed with little variation. Afterwards, the present temperature data was verified with prior experimental data and little deviation observed in these results vary from -4.28 % to +6.68 % and -6.17% to +5.92% in parallel and counter flow configuration, respectively. It is ensued that the coil side Nusselt number increases with the rise in coil side fluid flow rate and inlet temperature, coil outside fluid inlet temperature and coil diameter respectively. The increment in coil side flow rate and inlet temperature are identified as the major contributors, with 297% and 39.5% contributions. Similarly, growth in coil outside Nusselt number is observed with the rise in coil side fluid inlet temperature and flow rate, coil outside fluid flow rate and inlet temperature, and coil pitch respectively. The coil pitch and flow rate at the coil outside are identified as major contributors with 36% and 28.5% contribution repsectively. Distinct correlations for heat transfer in the present HEx are proposed for coil inside and outside fluid flow in a turbulent flow regime. The developed correlations results are compared with the present result, and reasonable agreement is observed within the data range of +13% to -14% and +10% to -11% for coil inside and outside Nusselt number, respectively.
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Tian, Yankang, Libo Wang, Gerald Anyasodor, Zhenhai Xu, and Yi Qin. "Heating schemes and process parameters of induction heating of aluminium sheets for hot stamping." Manufacturing Review 6 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2019013.
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Induction heating is one of the most popular metal heating technologies due to its high heating rate and high energy efficiency. This method is suitable for heating workpieces/blanks in different shapes, sizes and materials. Although induction heating of metal sheets has already been investigated by various research organizations and industrial companies, information concerning the induction heating of aluminium blanks is limited. Considering that hot stamping of aluminium sheets for automotive and aerospace applications is currently attracting a lot of attentions, it is timely important to gain more understanding on this technology by conducting in-depth investigations. Especially, investigations are required to address issues relating to the uneven temperature distributions developed in the metal sheets when they are heated, so that optimum designs could be obtained to improve the technology and its applications. This paper presents an in-depth analysis conducted recently for the investigation into heating schemes and process parameters in induction heating of aluminium sheets, mainly using 3D FE simulations, based on a general experimental validation. Different material, coil geometric and power-setting factors were considered during the modelling and analysis to examine their effects on the heating efficiency and developed temperature profiles. It was revealed from the simulations that design features of the induction coils affect the uniformity of the developed temperatures in the metal sheets. It is shown that an optimised combination of the coil design and the power setting could help to achieve higher heating rates, at the same time, also to achieve higher temperature-distribution uniformity. At the end of this paper, a discussion of practical factors that affect applications of induction heating of aluminium sheets for hot stamping applications is presented.
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Zhang, Yufeng, Jinfei He, Tiantian Chen, Jiayi Wang, and Guanghui Du. "Study on Loss and Thermal Properties of a Superconducting Pancake Coil under Self-Field and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors." Crystals 12, no. 9 (September 18, 2022): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12091314.
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High-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils generate local heat during the transmission of alternating current (AC), resulting in a decrease in thermal stability. The influence of relevant factors on the local heating location and temperature of the coil is still unclear. In order to strengthen the protection and operation monitoring of the superconducting coil, it is necessary to research this. Based on the H-formulation, the paper uses the electromagnetic–thermal coupling finite element method (FEM) to establish a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric model of the YBCO coil. The AC loss and temperature when the coil transmits alternating currents of power frequency are analyzed. Firstly, the internal temperature distribution of the coil is analyzed, and the influence of the turn number on the location of the highest temperature is discussed. For a 16-turn coil, the effects of the convective heat transfer coefficient and the thickness of the insulating layer between two turns on the magneto-caloric properties of the coil are discussed, respectively. The results show that, below 100 turns, the highest temperature of the coil occurs near the inner side; improving the heat transfer efficiency and appropriately reducing the thickness of the inter-turn insulating layer is beneficial to suppress the temperature rise and reduce the temperature difference inside the coil. The research conclusions provide a reference for the design and protection monitoring of HTS coils.
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Geetha, V., and V. Sivachidambaranathan. "An overview of designing an induction heating system for domestic applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp351-356.
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<p>The inherent benefit of the induction heating system leads to usage in the domestic applications. The design part of the coil has to be accurately manipulated to have highly qualified system. Discussion on the customisation of the coil and the converter section is elaborated such that the design relaying on the load variation, type of coil, rating required for the specified application. Thus the paper discusses about the design requirement on the domestic induction applications, depicting the criteria to be satisfied and the results are verified using the AC-AC converter fed induction heating system with the help of the equivalent circuit of the working coil and the work piece.</p>
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PADHMANABHAN, SANKAR, LORENZO CREMASCHI, and DANIEL FISHER. "COMPARISON OF FROST AND DEFROST PERFORMANCE BETWEEN MICROCHANNEL COIL AND FIN-AND-TUBE COIL FOR HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 19, no. 04 (December 2011): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132511000600.
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This paper presents a comparison of frost and defrost cycling performance between a microchannel heat exchanger with louvered fin and a fin-and-tube heat exchanger with straight fins employed as outdoor coils of a 14 kW (48 000 Btu/h) heat pump system. In addition to temperature, pressure and flow rate measurements taken at various locations of the systems, the fin-base and tube wall surface temperature were also recorded by using fine-gauge precalibrated thermocouples on the coils. Further, load cells were used to measure the mass of frost accumulation during heating tests. Data showed that the frosting time of the microchannel heat exchanger is more than 50% shorter than for the fin-and-tube heat exchanger, which is chosen as the baseline system. The average heating capacity and system performance over a frost–defrost cycle are also lower for the system with microchannel heat exchangers. Higher frost growth rate was mainly due to augmented temperature difference between air and the surface of the heat exchanger, and preferential frost nucleation sites on the louvered fins and microchannel tubes. Removal of residual water in the microchannel heat exchanger did not improve the frost performance significantly. Blowing nitrogen on the microchannel coil after defrost removed any visible water retained in the coil after the defrost cycle but the cycle time increased only by 4% with respect to wet and frost conditions. The cycle time of the same microchannel coil starting with dry conditions was about 60% longer than the cycle time in wet and frost conditions.
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Cao, Shou Qi, Shu Man Fu, Ya Wen Zhu, and Yan Ling Han. "Finite Element Method Analysis for Marine Semi-Built-Up Crankshaft Shrinkage Fitting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.693.
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Based on the theories of induction heating and thermal conductivity, and by establishing a three-dimensional finite element analysis model including the induction coil, crank cheek and air, the pattern of temperatures field distribution and thermal deformation condition of the crank cheek during the period of induction heating were numerically simulated with software ANSYS. The simulation result showed that, by setting a circular coil inside the crank cheek, a uniform temperatures field around the hole would be obtained after a certain period of induction heating. As a result, the crankshaft would reach a high quality shrinkage fitting, manifesting the feasibility of the application of induction heating to the crankshaft shrinkage fitting.
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Sung, Yu-Ting, Sheng-Jye Hwang, Huei-Huang Lee, and Durn-Yuan Huang. "Study on Induction Heating Coil for Uniform Mold Cavity Surface Heating." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 2014): 349078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/349078.
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Mei, V. C. "Heat Pump Ground Coil Analysis With Thermal Interference." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 110, no. 2 (May 1, 1988): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268247.
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When two horizontal ground coils are buried in the same trench, one on top of the other, the total energy exchange between coils and ground increases drastically over that of a single coil for the same trench length. However, because of the thermal interference between the two coils, the overall performance of the two-coil trench is very difficult to determine. Traditionally this type of problem is handled by the line source mirror-image approach. However, in applying the line source approach, the strength of the source is not known precisely and must be estimated. Most designers will estimate this value very conservatively in order to be on the safe side, and this will result in a longer coil than is actually needed. This paper provides a detailed mathematical model to describe the operation of the two-coil system that can calculate more realistically the performance of the ground coils, which in turn could make the ground coil heat pump system more economically competitive with other heating and cooling systems. The effect of thermal interference is clearly shown in the calculated soil temperature profile. The effect of fluid inlet positions, from upper or lower coils, is also studied. The comparison of measured and calculated daily energy absorbed from the ground indicated a maximum error of 27 percent, with the average error at less than 12 percent, calculated values are on the conservative side. This model is better than the line source approach for calculating the performance of two coils in the same trench. It can be used for design purposes, or used to check such coil designs by other methods.
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Nian, Shih-Chih, Gao-Hao Yeh, and Ming-Shyan Huang. "Barrel heating with inductive coils in an injection molding machine." Journal of Polymer Engineering 39, no. 10 (November 26, 2019): 934–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0178.
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Abstract Traditional injection molding machines use resistance heating (RH) bands to heat the barrel. However, RH has a low energy rate; thus, the time required to reach the target temperature is rather long. Consequently, the use of inductive techniques, with a faster heating rate and improved energy rate, has attracted growing interest in recent years. However, an inappropriate design of the inductive coils and plasticization barrel may result in a strong repulsive magnetic field between neighboring coils and a corresponding reduction in the heating performance. Thus, developing an appropriate inductive heating design is essential in improving the barrel heating performance. The present study therefore performed a simulation and experimental investigation into the magnetic field and temperature distribution for different barrel geometries and coil current designs. The simulation results showed that the application of spiral grooves to the barrel improved both the heating rate and the temperature uniformity (TU) and effectively solved the proximity effect. The results indicated that the application of induction heating together with a novel grooved barrel design yields an effective improvement in both the thermal efficiency and the TU compared to that achieved using the traditional RH method with a single- or double-section barrel.
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Poole, Michael S., Peter T. While, Hector Sanchez Lopez, and Stuart Crozier. "Minimax current density gradient coils: Analysis of coil performance and heating." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 68, no. 2 (December 28, 2011): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.23248.
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Muliawan, Rizki. "PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE NON-MEKANIK SEBAGAI PENGERING BAHAN PANGAN SINGKONG." JTT (Jurnal Teknologi Terapan) 7, no. 2 (October 4, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31884/jtt.v7i2.334.
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A drying machine is a machine that is used to dry some food or product. The process of heating can be used to preserve some products because drying reduces moisture content in the product and bacterial can’t live without water. Solar pond system will use for the machine which caught and trap the heat from the sun. The fluid in a pond of solar pond system is saltwater and the salinity will be varied. The variation of saltwater will be 3.5%, 5%, and 7%. In the solar pond system, some coils will circulate the water towards the cabin. The coil is made of copper pipe which has a length of 20.5 meters. This coil serves as a heat exchanger charged with the heat exchange process in the solar pond system. The water in this coil is circulated by a water pump. Water is circulated to the heat exchanger which is just below the cabin. The product used is 500 grams of cassava. Cassava is dried with the skin peeled and sliced about 2 mm thick. From the experiments that have been done obtained the best saltwater concentration is 7% with a tub temperature lower by 40 °C, the cabin temperature reaches 34.1 °C, and the water reduced of product weight by 210 grams. The COPactual heating average obtained by this machine is 1,15 and the COPcarnot heating average obtained by this machine is 29,80. The efficiency average that obtained by this machine is 3,77%.
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Han, Wei, K. T. Chau, Zhen Zhang, and Chaoqiang Jiang. "Single-Source Multiple-Coil Homogeneous Induction Heating." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 53, no. 11 (November 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2017.2717867.
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Duan, Jianguo, Qinglei Zhang, Xintao Long, and Kebin Zhang. "Simulation study on modified coil configuration used for shrink fitting of semi-built-up crankshaft and parameters influencing the thermal distribution." Science Progress 103, no. 4 (October 2020): 003685042096785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420967858.
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Semi-built-up crankshafts are universally manufactured by shrink-fitting process with induction heating device. The configurations of induction coil have a great impact on the distributions of eddy current and temperature of crankthrows. Most induction devices are apt to cause some undesirable phenomena such as uneven temperature distribution and irregular deformation after induction heating. This article proposes a modified configuration of induction heating coil according to the crankthrow geometry. By combining the heat conduction equation and the heat boundary conditions, a three-dimensional finite element model, which takes into account the nonlinearity of the material’s electromagnetic and thermal physical properties in the heating process, was developed. The influence of several parameters, such as position and curvature of the arc coil, the current frequency and density, coaxiality of crankweb hole and coil, influencing the temperature distribution inside the crankthrow was also analyzed. The comparison with the numerical simulation results of the original configuration indicates that the modified configuration has better adaptability to the crankthrow. Also, it can help to improve the temperature distribution, and reduce the deformation of the shrink-fitting hole. This exploration provide an effective way for the enterprise to further enhance the shrink-fitting quality of crankshaft.
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Silverio, Vania, Miguel Amaral, João Gaspar, Susana Cardoso, and Paulo P. Freitas. "Manipulation of Magnetic Beads with Thin Film Microelectromagnet Traps." Micromachines 10, no. 9 (September 13, 2019): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10090607.
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Integration of point-of-care assays can be facilitated with the use of actuated magnetic beads (MB) to perform testing in less expensive settings to enable the delivery of cost-effective care. In this paper we present six different designs of planar microelectromagnets traps (MEMT) with four external coils in series and one central coil connected for an opposite direction of manipulation of MB in microfluidic flows. The development of a simulation tool facilitated the rapid and efficient optimization of designs by presenting the influence of system variables on real time concentrations of MB. Real time experiments are in good agreement with the simulations and showed that the design enabled synchronous concentration and dispersion of MB on the same MEMT. The yield of local concentration is seen to be highly dependent on coil design. Additional coil turns between the central and external coils (inter-windings) doubled magnetic concentration and repulsion with no significant electrical resistance increase. The assemblage of a copper microchannel closed loop cooling system to the coils successfully eliminated the thermal drift promoted by joule heating generated by applied current.
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Oh, Jewon, Daisuke Sumiyoshi, Masatoshi Nishioka, and Hyunbae Kim. "Examination of Efficient Operation Method of ATES System by Comparison Operation with WTES System of Existent Heat Storage System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 10321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110321.
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Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system is widely used mainly in Europe and USA. In this paper, we examined the efficient operation method of ATES by comparing it with the water thermal energy storage (WTES) system of an existent thermal energy storage (TES) system using simulation. This study uses three aquifers: pumping wells, thermal storage wells, and reducing wells. The initial temperature is 19.1 °C groundwater from the surrounding area. ATES systems use the same operating methods as WTES systems to reduce heat storage efficiency and increase energy consumption. The operation that combines the ATES system with the pre-cooling/pre-heating coil can be used for air conditioning operation even if the heat storage diffuses or the pumping temperature changes. The aquifer heat storage system was used for the pre-cooling/pre-heating coil, and the cooling power consumption was reduced by 20%. The heating operation could not maintain heat for a long time due to the influence of groundwater flowing in from the surroundings. Therefore, it is recommended to use the stored heat as soon as possible. When energy saving is important by introducing a pre-cooling/pre-heating coil, the operation is performed by storing heat at a low temperature close to geothermal heat and also using groundwater heat. In addition, if the reduction of peak power in the daytime is important, it is appropriate to operate so that the heat stored in the pre-cooling/pre-heating coil is used up as much as possible. As a result, it was found that it is effective to operate the ATES system in combination with a pre-cooling/pre-heating coil. In cooling operation, ATES-C1-7 was the lowest at coefficient of performance (COP) 2.4 and ATES-C2-14 was the highest at COP 3.7. In heating operation, ATES-H1-45 was the lowest at COP1.2, and in other cases, it was about the same at COP2.4-2.8. In terms of energy efficiency, the heating operation ATES-H1-45 had a low energy efficiency of 4.1 for energy efficiency ratio (EER) and 3.9 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER). In other cases, the energy efficiency was 8.2–12.4 for EER and 8.7–15.3 for SEER.
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Bui, Huy Tien, and Sheng Jye Hwang. "Development of Barrel Heating via Induction in Injection Molding Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.249.
Full textAbstract:
A barrel heating system will be developed by using induction heating instead of current resistance heating. The experiment results showed the induction heating system can change successfully the current resistance heating system in heated the barrel of injection molding machine. A working coil coupled with magnetic concentrator bars was also considered. Finally, the uniformity of temperature distribution is compared between two barrel heating systems.
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Chiarello, Eduardo, and Juliana Almansa Malagoli. "Optimal Coil Design of an Electromagnetic Actuator Using Particle Swarm Optimization." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 53, no. 6 (December 23, 2020): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.530601.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to reduce the heating of the electromagnetic actuators of a magnetic bearing. The electrical current of the coils was above normal, so the need for a new coil design to reduce heating due to high currents. In this scenario, the proposed methodology allows minimizing copper losses using Particle Swarm Optimization, so that the best result of the design parameters will be used in the construction of the new coil for the actuator. For the development of this work, it was decided to use a computational tool for public use, FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) to simulate the electromagnetic device. In the simulations, the densities of magnetic fluxes in the core and in the air gap are shown, as well as the energies, electromagnetic forces and losses in the copper of the electromagnetic actuator winding. Finally, an optimal model of the actuator is obtained through the use of optimization techniques. Therefore, the results obtained demonstrate that the proposed methodology is configured as an interesting strategy for the purpose of this work.
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Park, Min Hyeok, Jin Kyu Choi, Kwang Sik Nam, Dong Uk Lee, and Seok Soon Lee. "Dominant Variables for Hardening of Axle Shaft through High Frequency Induction Heating." Advanced Materials Research 1110 (June 2015): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1110.173.
Full textAbstract:
Induction heating is being actively studied, and High frequency induction heating (HFIH) is widely used for various industrial applications. The reason for highlighting induction heating is that it has many advantages compared with previously used heating methods. The performance of HFIH is governed by a number of variables, including the applied frequency and power, shape of the coil, and duration of the process. We assumed that two of these variables are dominant. The first variable is the shape of the coil. The second variable is the frequency related to the skin effect. We found the optimal hardening conditions by changing these variables. The HFIH process was simulated using FEM and compared with results from experiments. We believe that the results of this study will be helpful for users of HFIH in the near future.