Relevant bibliographies by topics / Heat – Transmission Refrigerants Thermodynamics

Academic literature on the topic 'Heat – Transmission Refrigerants Thermodynamics'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Heat – Transmission Refrigerants Thermodynamics"

1

Critoph, Robert E., and Angeles M. Rivero Pacho. "District Heating of Buildings by Renewable Energy Using Thermochemical Heat Transmission." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041449.

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The decarbonisation of building heating in urban areas can be achieved by heat pumps connected to district heating networks. These could be ‘third-generation’ (85/75 °C), ‘fourth-generation’ (50/40 or 50/25 °C) or ‘fifth-generation’ (near ambient) water loops. Networks using thermochemical reactions should require smaller pipe diameters than water systems and be more economic. This work investigates thermochemical transmission systems based on liquid–gas absorption intended for application in urban district heating networks where the main heat source might be a MW scale heat pump. Previous studies of absorption for heat transmission have concentrated on long distance (e.g., 50 km) transmission of heat or cold utilizing waste heat from power stations or similar but these are not directly applicable to our application which has not been investigated before. Absorbent-refrigerant pairs are modelled using water, methanol and acetone as absorbates. Thermodynamic properties are obtained from the literature and modelling carried out using thermodynamic analysis very similar to that employed for absorption heat pumps or chillers. The pairs with the best performance (efficiency and power density) both for ambient loop (fifth-generation) and high temperature (fourth-generation) networks use water pairs. The next best pairs use methanol as a refrigerant. Methanol has the advantage of being usable at ambient temperatures below 0 °C. Of the water-based pairs, water–NaOH is good for ambient temperature loops, reducing pipe size by 75%. Specifically, in an ambient loop, heat losses are typically less than 5% and the heat transferred per volume of pumped fluid can be 30 times that of a pumped water network with 10 K temperature change. For high temperature networks the heat losses can reach 30% and the power density is 4 times that of water. The limitation with water–NaOH is the low evaporating temperature when ambient air is the heat source. Other water pairs perform better but use lithium compounds which are prohibitively expensive. For high temperature networks, a few water- and methanol-based pairs may be used, but their performance is lower and may be unattractive.
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Kumar, Abhishek, Miao-Ru Chen, Kuo-Shu Hung, Chung-Che Liu, and Chi-Chuan Wang. "A Comprehensive Review Regarding Condensation of Low-GWP Refrigerants for Some Major Alternatives of R-134a." Processes 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2022): 1882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091882.

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In this review, the condensation HTCs (heat transfer coefficients) and pressure drop characteristics of some major low-global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerants alternative to R-134a such as R-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(Z), R-1234yf, R-513A, and R-450A are reviewed. The thermofluids’ characteristics inside/outside a tube, minichannel, microfin tube, and plate heat exchanger are examined. In addition, several other refrigerants attributed to low GWP are also included in the present review. The experimental/numerical/simulation results’ analysis reveals that condensation HTCs and pressure drop characteristics depend on several parameters such as thermodynamics and transport properties of the working fluid, mass flux of the refrigerants, heat flux, saturation temperature, vapor quality, flow patterns, flow conditions, orientation of the condensing geometry, and condensation geometry (shape, size, and smooth/enhanced).
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Park, Hansaem, and Min Soo Kim. "Theoretical Limit on COP of a Heat Pump from a Sequential System." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 23, no. 04 (December 2015): 1550029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132515500297.

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The theoretical limit on Coefficient of performance (COP), which is maximum and ideal one, is investigated with a sequential Carnot heat pump where multiple Carnot heat pumps are interconnected in parallel. Using fundamental relations from thermodynamics and heat transfer, the performance of a sequential Carnot heat pump is obtained analytically. The effect of major parameters of the system, such as the number of individual heat pumps in a sequential system, the number of transfer unit of heat exchangers, and temperatures of heat sources, on the performance is researched. Also, expressions for ideal COP derived by limit calculation when the system has an infinite number of Carnot heat pumps or infinite number of transfer unit are suggested. For example, the most ideal COP is the ratio of the final heat source temperature to the difference between the initial and final heat source temperature. To support the result of theoretical analysis, a simple simulation of sequential Carnot heat pumps is carried out with thermodynamic properties of real refrigerants. The result of a simulation quite accords with that of theoretical analysis.
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Cyklis, Piotr, Ryszard Kantor, Tomasz Ryncarz, Bogusław Górski, and Roman Duda. "Experimental investigation of the ecological hybrid refrigeration cycle." Archives of Thermodynamics 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoter-2014-0026.

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Abstract The requirements for environmentally friendly refrigerants promote application of CO2 and water as working fluids. However there are two problems related to that, namely high temperature limit for CO2 in condenser due to the low critical temperature, and low temperature limit for water being the result of high triple point temperature. This can be avoided by application of the hybrid adsorption-compression system, where water is the working fluid in the adsorption high temperature cycle used to cool down the CO2 compression cycle condenser. The adsorption process is powered with a low temperature renewable heat source as solar collectors or other waste heat source. The refrigeration system integrating adsorption and compression system has been designed and constructed in the Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Thermal Machine Measurements of Cracow University of Technology. The heat source for adsorption system consists of 16 tube tulbular collectors. The CO2 compression low temperature cycle is based on two parallel compressors with frequency inverter. Energy efficiency and TEWI of this hybrid system is quite promising in comparison with the compression only systems.
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Yang, Shu Ren, Di Xu, Chao Duan, Yu Yang Ge, and Meng Ru Zhang. "Calculation and Analysis on Thermodynamics Calculation of Nature-Gas Pipelines with Electric Heat Tracing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 419 (October 2013): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.419.91.

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In order to restrain the hydrate formation in the gas transmission pipeline, according to the heat transfer theory of fluid in the circular tube of multilayer cylindrical wall, comprehensively considering many factors such as earth temperature variation, natural gas physical property and so on, we theorized numerical method and computational formula of thermodynamic calculation of buried electric heat tracing gas transmission pipeline, which are used to the field calculation. The results show that the outlet temperature of pipelines with electric tracing ribbon has a sensible rise, and the minimum is 3.8°C, under the conditions given in this paper, the maximum ups to 19.8°C, the relative percentage error between calculation results and actual measurement values is less than 5%, so we can concluded that the derived temperature drop formulas and the calculation software can totally meet the requirement in oilfield production.
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Wang, Chong, Matvei Zinkevich, and Fritz Aldinger. "Phase diagrams and thermodynamics of rare-earth-doped zirconia ceramics." Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 10 (January 1, 2007): 1731–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779101731.

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Results of the comprehensive experimental and computational phase studies of the systems ZrO2-REO1.5 (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Yb) are summarized. Various experimental techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and high-temperature calorimetry are employed to study the phase transformation, phase equilibria between 1400 and 1700 °C, heat content and heat capacity of the materials. A lot of contradictions in the literature are resolved, and the phase diagrams are reconstructed. Based on the experimental data obtained in this work and literature, the systems ZrO2-REO1.5 are thermodynamically optimized using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHase Diagram) approach. Most of the experimental data are well reproduced. Based on the present experiments and calculations, some clear characteristic evolutions with the change of the ionic radius of doping element RE+3 can be concluded.
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Liu, Yonggang, Jingyu Peng, Bing Wang, Datong Qin, and Ming Ye. "Bulk temperature prediction of a two-speed automatic transmission for electric vehicles using thermal network method and experimental validation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 10 (October 24, 2018): 2585–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018802667.

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Nowadays, the development of electric vehicle equipped with a two-speed automatic transmission has become a hotspot. As well known, the automatic transmission operates with power loss including gear meshing loss, bearing loss, and oil churning loss. This paper focuses on the bulk temperature prediction of a two-speed automatic transmission using thermal network method. An integrated model, including an efficiency model and a heat balance model, is proposed, which makes it possible to predict power loss, bulk temperature, and temperature distributions under different conditions. In the efficiency model, each part of power losses from gear meshes is studied to calculate the summation of mechanical power losses in the transmission, including losses of gear meshing, bearing and oil churning. In the heat balance model, the entire gearbox is divided into elements with a uniform temperature connected by thermal resistances which account for conduction, convection, and radiation, based upon the first law of thermodynamics for transient conditions. The effectiveness of bulk temperature prediction using thermal network method is validated by the comparison between simulation results and the experimental data. Consequently, this study on heat transfer characteristics, thermal characteristics, and bulk temperature prediction of the two-speed automatic transmission has significant academic and application values.
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Mota Babiloni, Adrián, Carlos Mateu-Royo, Joaquín Navarro-Esbrí, and Ángel Barragán-Cervera. "High-temperature heat pump simulator (heatpack) for application in computer laboratory sessions for engineering students." Journal of Technology and Science Education 11, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.952.

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A significant amount of energy in the form of heat is lost in industrial processes once it is used in specific processes. Among different technologies, high-temperature heat pumps (HTHP) are a valuable method of recovering low-temperature waste heat in the industry in a very efficient way that can be activated using clean electricity. As a recently investigated technology, they are not yet spread in industrial processes, where traditional technologies are preferred. Therefore, this work shows an HTHP computer program (named HeatPack) to be used as a simulator by the university or technical students of courses included in the area of applied thermodynamics engineering. This interactive and user-friendly platform allows the modification of different operating and design parameters and the working fluid. As outputs, the program provides the rest of the operating parameters and the energy performance of the cycle (quantified by the coefficient of performance, COP). A comparison between the proposed HTHP and a gas boiler is also performed by the program and the energetic, environmental, and economic savings are displayed. Students, as the main target of users of the program, can observe how this technology can provide very relevant emission reductions in comparison with fossil fuel-based boilers, under which situation the energy performance of the HTHP is higher, and which alternative low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants can provide more advantages. In addition to the educational use, this software can be used to design and study the integration of HTHPs in existing industrial needs to evaluate the feasibility.
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Qureshi, Muhamad Faizan. "Energy and parametric analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle combined with a vapor compression refrigeration cycle (ORC-VCR) system using natural refrigerants." Quaid-e-Awam University Research Journal of Engineering, Science & Technology 20, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52584/qrj.2001.18.

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The dependency on fossil fuels for power generation can be reduced by enhancing the energy efficiency of power generating systems. The refrigeration systems that typically use electricity consume a significant portion of the electricity supplied to cities. The STAND-ALONE refrigeration system which consists of a combined Organic Rankine Cycle and Vapor Compression (ORC-VCR) system is analyzed using the first law of thermodynamics. Dry natural hydrocarbons such as n-Dodecane is used as the working fluid in Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and natural Working fluid such as isobutane (R600a) is utilized in Vapor Compression Refrigeration (VCR) Cycle. The study shows that the system can be driven efficiently with Low-grade waste heat from industries or thermal energy from renewable energy sources typically in the range from 1000C to 3500C thus reducing reliance on fossil fuel sources. The results also show that the overall Coefficient of performance COP overall of the system and the energy efficiency of the ORC was greatly affected by the evaporation temperature of ORC, Teva_ORC followed by, the evaporation temperature of VCR, Teva_VCR. The maximum COP overall of the system was found to be 0.558 and the energy efficiency of ORC was found to be 20.69% for Teva_ORC of 3150C and Teva_VCR of -300C.
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El-Danaf, Ehab A., Mahmoud S. Soliman, Abdulhakim A. Almajid, and Khalil Abdelrazek Khalil. "Mechanical Characterization of Cryomilled Al Powder Consolidated by High-Frequency Induction Heat Sintering." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/397351.

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In the present investigation, an aluminum powder of 99.7% purity with particle size of ~45 µm was cryomilled for 7 hours. The produced powder as characterized by scanning, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction gave a particle size of ~1 µm and grain (crystallite) size of23±6 nm. This powder, after degassing process, was consolidated using high-frequency induction heat sintering (HFIHS) at various temperatures for short periods of time of 1 to 3 minutes. The present sintering conditions resulted in solid compact with nanoscale grain size (<100 nm) and high compact density. The mechanical properties of a sample sintered at 773 K for 3 minutes gave a compressive yield and ultimate strength of 270 and 390 MPa, respectively. The thermal stability of grain size nanostructured compacts is in agreement with the kinetics models based on the thermodynamics effects.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heat – Transmission Refrigerants Thermodynamics"

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Agarwal, Akhil. "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop During Condensation of Refrigerants in Microchannels." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14129.

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Two-phase flow, boiling, and condensation in microchannels have received considerable attention in the recent past due to the growing interest in the high heat fluxes made possible by these channels. This dissertation presents a study on the condensation of refrigerant R134a in small hydraulic diameter (100 < Dh < 160 mm) channels. A novel technique is used for the measurement of local condensation heat transfer coefficients in small quality increments, which has typically been found to be difficult due to the low heat transfer rates at the small flow rates in these microchannels. This method is used to accurately determine pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients for mass fluxes between 300 and 800 kg/m2-s and quality 0 < x < 1 at four different saturation temperatures between 30 and 60oC. The results obtained from this study capture the effect of variations in mass flux, quality, saturation temperature, hydraulic diameter, and channel aspect ratio on the observed pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients. Based on the available flow regime maps, it was assumed that either the intermittent or annular flow regimes prevail in these channels for the flow conditions under consideration. Internally consistent pressure drop and heat transfer models are proposed taking into account the effect of mass flux, quality, saturation temperature, hydraulic diameter, and channel aspect ratio. The proposed models predict 95% and 94% of the pressure drop and heat transfer data within ±25%, respectively. Both pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient increase with a decrease in hydraulic diameter, increase in channel aspect ratio and decrease in saturation temperature. A new non-dimensional parameter termed Annular Flow Factor is also introduced to quantify the predominance of intermittent or annular flow in the channels as the geometric parameters and operating conditions change. This study leads to a comprehensive understanding of condensation in microchannels for use in high-flux heat transfer applications.
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Worm, Steven Lee. "Experimental measurement of heat transfer phenomena in a solid adsorbent." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16487.

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Fuller, Timothy Alan. "An analytical study of the performance characteristics of solid/vapor adsorption heat pumps." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16961.

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Legodi, Annah Mokganyetji Kgotlelelo. "Analysis of heat transfer and thermal stability in a slab subjected to Arrhenius kinetics." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1250.

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Thesis (MTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010
Development of safe storage for reactive combustible materials to prevent possible human and environmental hazards as well as ensure and enhance industrial safety can significantly benefit from mathematical modelling of systems. In the recent past, models with varying degrees of sophistication have been developed and applied to the problem of predicting thermal criticality conditions, temperature and concentration profiles of such system. In this thesis, a model showing the temperature history of an nth order exothermic oxidation reaction in a slab of combustible material with variable pre-exponential factor, taking the consumption of the reactant into account in the presence of a convective heating and oxygen exchange at the slab surface with the ambient is presented Both transient and steady state problems are tackled The critical regime separating the regions of explosive and non-explosive paths of a one step exothermic chemical reaction is determined The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are solved numerically by method of lines (MOL), with finite difference schemes used for the discretisation of the spatial derivatives. Moreover, both fourth order Runge-Kutta numerical integration coupled with shooting methods and perturbation techniques together with a special type of Hermite-Pade series summation and improvement method were employed to tackle the steady state problem. The crucial roles played by the boundary conditions in determining the location ofthe maximum heating were demonstrated. In chapter one, the relevant applications together with previous published work on the problem were highlighted The basic mathematical theory and equations needed to tackle the problem were derived in Chapter two. In chapter three, the transient model problem was formulated, analysed and discussed. The steady state problem was formulated and solved in Chapter four. Furtherwork and concluding remarks were highlighted in Chapter five.
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Nicholas, Jack Robert. "Heat transfer for fusion power plant divertors." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:efedf39b-401b-418f-b510-386a512314a8.

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Exhausting the thermal power from a fusion tokamak is a critical engineering challenge. The life of components designed for these conditions has a strong influence on the availability of the machine. For a fusion power plant this dependence becomes increasingly important, as it will influence the cost of electricity. The most extreme thermal loading for a fusion power plant will occur in the divertor region, where components will be expected to survive heat fluxes in excess of 10 MW/m2 over a number of years. This research focussed on the development of a heat sink module for operation under such conditions, drawing on advanced cooling strategies from the aerospace industry. A reference concept was developed using conjugate Computational Fluid Dynamics. The results were experimentally validated by matching Reynolds numbers on a scaled model. Heat transfer data was captured using a transient thermochromic liquid crystal technique. The results showed excellent agreement with the corresponding numerical simulations. To facilitate comparison against other divertor heat sink proposals, a nondimensional figure of merit for cooling performance was developed. When plotted against a non-dimensional mass flow rate, the reference heat sink was shown to have superior cooling performance to all other divertor proposals to date. Results from Finite Element Analysis were used in conjunction with the ITER structural design criteria to life the heat sink. The sensitivity of life to both boundary conditions, and local geometric features, were explored. The reference design was shown to be capable of exceeding the life requirements for heat fluxes in excess of 15 MW/m2. A number of heat sinks, based on the reference design, were fabricated. These underwent non-destructive testing, before experimentation in a high-heat flux facility developed by the author. The heat transfer performance of the tested modules was found to exceed that predicted by numerical modelling, which was concluded to be caused by the fabrication processes used.
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Mi, Jian. "SiC Growth by Laser CVD and Process Analysis." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04062006-135055/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Lackey, W. Jack, Committee Chair ; Cochran, Joe K., Committee Member ; Danyluk, Steven, Committee Member ; Fedorov, Andrei G., Committee Member ; Rosen, David W., Committee Member ; Wang, Zhonglin, Committee Member.
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Galand, Quentin. "Experimental investigation of the diffusive properties of ternary liquid systems." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209626.

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A fundamental step in the further developments of comprehensive modelling of the diffusive processes in liquids requires the possibility of obtaining reliable and accurate experimental data of the diffusion and thermodiffusion coefficients of multicomponent liquid systems. In the present work, we perform an experimental investigation of the diffusive properties of binary and ternary liquid systems. Two experimental techniques, the ‘Open Ended Capillary’ technique and the ‘Transient Interferometric Technique’ have been developed. Those techniques have been used for the experimental characterization of several systems composed of 1,2, 3,4-Tetrahydrnaphtalene, Isobutylbenzene and Dodecane at ambient temperature. Those particular species were selected as a simplified multicomponent system modelling the fluids contained in natural crude oils reservoirs.

For each of these techniques, experimental set-ups were designed, implemented and calibrated. The procedures for identifying the ternary diffusion coefficients from the measured compositions fields were studied in details.

The Open Ended Capillary Technique was applied under gravity condition to study isothermal diffusion binary and ternary systems. Difficulties related to a new procedure for interpreting the data collected at short times of the experiments are highlighted and its implication in the generalization of the technique for the study of multicomponent systems is discussed.

The Transient Interferometric Technique was used to perform an experimental study of three binary systems under gravity conditions. It was also applied for the investigation of ternary systems under microgravity condition in the frame of the DSC on SODI experiment, which took place aboard the International Space Station in 2011. The experimental results are reported and the analysis of the accuracy of the technique is presented. The TIT is the first technique ever providing accurate experimental measurements of the complete set of diffusion and thermodiffusion coefficients for ternary liquid systems.


Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Bright, Trevor James. "Non-fourier heat equations in solids analyzed from phonon statistics." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29710.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Zhang, Zhuomin; Committee Member: Kumar, Satish; Committee Member: Peterson, G. P. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Ma, Zhiwen. "A combined differential and integral model for high temperature fuel cells." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15831.

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Cross, Caleb Nathaniel. "Combustion heat release effects on asymmetric vortex shedding from bluff bodies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42772.

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Combustion systems utilizing bluff bodies to stabilize the combustion processes can experience oscillatory heat release due to the alternate shedding of coherent, von Kármán vortices under certain operating conditions. This phenomenon needs to be understood in greater detail, since unsteady burning due to vortex shedding can lead to combustion instabilities and flame extinction in practical combustion systems. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the influence of combustion process heat release upon the Bénard-von Kármán (BVK) instability in reacting bluff body wakes. For this purpose, spatial and temporal heat release distributions in bluff body-stabilized combustion of liquid Jet-A fuel with high-temperature, vitiated air were characterized over a wide range of operating conditions. Upon comparing the spatial and temporal heat release distributions, the fuel entrainment and subsequent heat release in the near-wake were found to strongly influence the onset and amplitude of the BVK instability. As the amount of heat release in the near-wake decreased, the BVK instability increased in amplitude. This was attributed to the corresponding decrease in the local density gradient across the reacting shear layers, which resulted in less damping of vorticity due to gas expansion. The experimental results were compared to the results of a parallel, linear stability analysis in order to further understand the influence of the combustion processes in the near-wake upon the wake instability characteristics. The results of this analysis support the postulate that oscillatory heat release due to BVK vortex shedding is the result of local absolute instability in the near-wake, which is eliminated only if the temperature rise across the reacting shear layers is sufficiently high. Furthermore, the results of this thesis demonstrate that non-uniform fuelling of the near-wake reaction zone increases the likelihood of absolutely unstable, BVK flame dynamics due to the possibility of near-unity products-to-reactants density ratios locally, especially when the reactants temperature is high.
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Books on the topic "Heat – Transmission Refrigerants Thermodynamics"

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Domanski, Piotr. Impact of refrigerant property uncertainties on prediction of vapor compression cycle performance. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Granet, Irving. Thermodynamics and heat power. 5th ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1996.

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Thermodynamics and heat power. 3rd ed. Reston, Va: Reston Pub. Co., 1985.

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Granet, Irving. Thermodynamics and heat power. 4th ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1990.

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Maurice, Bluestein, ed. Thermodynamics and heat power. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2000.

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Çengel, Yunus A., and Yunus A. Çengel. Introduction to thermodynamics and heat transfer. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.

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Alan, Granger Robert, ed. Experiments in heat transfer and thermodynamics. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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Introduction to thermodynamics and heat transfer. 2nd ed. Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill, 2008.

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The dynamics of heat: A unified approach to thermodynamics and heat transfer. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2010.

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E, Dugan R., ed. Engineering thermodynamics. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1996.

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Conference papers on the topic "Heat – Transmission Refrigerants Thermodynamics"

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Volino, Ralph J. "A MATLAB Based Set of Functions for Finding Thermodynamic Properties and Solving Gas Turbine and Other Thermodynamics Problems." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82041.

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Abstract A new set of MATLAB based functions have been written for providing fluid property data and solving thermodynamics problems. One function utilizes NIST property tables for pure real fluids (e.g. water, various refrigerants, propane, etc.), and provides desired properties when provided with any two other independent properties. Properties can be obtained for liquids, vapors, and two-phase mixtures. Another function provides properties for a range of pure ideal gases using NASA functions for specific heats. Enthalpies are referenced to include the heat of formation, so the function is useful for solving combustion problems. A third function utilizes the ideal gas function to provide ideal gas properties for dry air, assuming a mixture of 78% N2, 21% O2, and 1% Ar by volume. A fourth function uses the air and real fluid functions to provide properties for moist air. Additional functions are available to generate property plots. All functions can be used with the SI or the U.S. Customary unit systems. The functions are described, and examples are provided in which they are used to solve thermodynamics problems. When used in conjunction with built-in MATLAB commands, the new functions are useful for parametric and optimization studies. The full package, including function codes and data files, requires 2.5 MB of disk space and is available at no cost.
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Sun, Fangtian, Lin Fu, and Shigang Zhang. "Exergoeconomic Analysis of New High-Temperature District Heating System Based on Absorption Heat Pump Technology in Combined Heat and Power." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38014.

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Space heating area of district heating system of combined heat and power (CHP) accounts for approximately one third of total space heating area in Chinese northern cities. In the extraction condensing turbine combined heat and power system based on district heating network, there are a large number of low-grade waste heat in the condenser, and exergy loss in the steam-water heat exchanger and water-water heat exchanger. Based on absorption heat pump technology, a new high-temperature district heating technology (DHSAHP) was presented to improve the current district heating system of CHP. Absorption heat pumps are used to recycle low-temperature waste heat in condenser. Absorption heat pump type heat exchanger is used to reduce temperature of return water in primary heat network, and decrease irreversible loss. Where, DHSAHP was analyzed by thermodynamics and economics method, and evaluated by exergetic efficiency, exergetic output cost, exergetic cost difference and exergoeconomic factor. Compared with current district heating system of CHP, DHSAHP can decrease about 31.3% steam consumption, increase about 75% transmission and distribution capacity of the primary heating network. The evaluation results show that the exergetic efficiency of new district heating system of CHP based on the absorption cycle technology is higher 10.41% than that of current district heating system of CHP, whereas its exergetic cost is lower 36.6¥/GJ than that of the conventional district heating system. With the increase of annual heating time, economy efficiency of new district heating system of CHP becomes better. The DHSAHP has higher energy utilization efficiency and better economic benefits and provides a kind of better technological method to solve the main problems of cuurent district heating with CHP in China.
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3

Chen, Heng, Zhen Qi, Lihao Dai, Qiao Chen, Gang Xu, and Peiyuan Pan. "A Novel Combustion Air Preheating System in a Large-Scale Coal-Fired Power Unit." In ASME 2019 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2019-1909.

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Abstract A novel hybrid system for combustion air heating, including flue gas cooling, air heating and heat regeneration has been proposed. In the reformative scheme, the air gains energy from four tubular heat exchangers and the flue gas releases heat in four tubular heat exchangers as well, instead of the rotary regenerative air preheater (APH) that is used in the conventional scheme. Consequently, the temperature differences between the fluids during heat transmission can be diminished, and the mixing of the hot-cold primary air and the severe leakages are avoided, which remarkably reduces the exergy destruction and enhances the thermal performance of the power unit. The new design was evaluated based on a 670 MW coal-fired supercritical power unit. The results show that the additional net power output of the power unit can reach 8.57 MW with a net efficiency promotion of 0.57 percentage points due to the novel configuration. And the energy saving mechanism of the proposed concept was revealed on grounds of the first and second laws of thermodynamics.
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Sadeghi, Ehsan, Hiwa Khaledi, and Mohammad Bagher Ghofrani. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Different Configurations for Microturbine Cycles in Simple and Cogeneration Systems." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90237.

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In recent years, the development of distributed power generation has resulted in significant reduction in network losses and transmission costs while it has increased reliability. Microturbine is one of these power generators that has the ability of relatively high power generation in spite of its small volume [1], [2]. In this paper, different layouts for advanced microturbine cycles are analyzed. In order to modify cycle characteristics such as power and efficiency, and reduce exergy destruction, different configurations including intercooler, aftercooler, and heat recovery boiler are separately and synthetically analyzed and compared. The effects of various parameters, such as compressor pressure ratio, vapor pressure, and bypass ratio on the cycle performance are studied. For configurations including inter/aftercooling, the possibility of use of heat recovery boiler is surveyed, depending on the temperature of the coolers outlet water and the recuperator outlet gas. Each part of the cycle is analyzed based on first and second laws of thermodynamics. Results show that microturbine with intercooler and recuperator (MTC-IC) is the best option, with regard to efficiency and power criteria, but its steam production is less than simple cycle with recuperator (MTC). MTC-IC has higher total exergetic efficiency in higher pressure ratios, because of the priority of power versus heat. This configuration is also more suitable than MTC with heat recovery boiler for variable thermal loads especially with bypass ratio between 0 and 0.5.
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5

Galpin, David S., and Theodore S. Galpin. "Practical Considerations for Low-Emission Thermal Power Plants." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90237.

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Thermal power plants provide the majority of electricity used around the world and will continue to do so for some time. The goal of this paper is to provide an understanding of technology and fuels used in thermal power plants and the byproducts they create. The emphasis is on magnitudes of fuels used, emissions created and the sustainability and practicality of methods of production and control. A basic thermal power plant burns fuel to produce steam, which turns a turbine generator to produce electricity. The basic elements of thermodynamics apply to all thermal power plants: a heat source, a heat engine and a heat sink. Heat sources for thermal power plants include boilers fueled by coal, natural gas and biomass; gas turbines fueled by natural gas; and nuclear reactors fueled by uranium. Topics of discussion include the logistics involved in supplying fuels and handling their byproducts, including carbon compounds; types of heat engines utilized; methods to improve efficiency to reduce the fuel consumed; byproducts generated; and the heat sink required. The focus is on Rankine (vapor) and Brayton (gas) cycles. Although not directly affecting carbon byproducts, the heat sink used affects the heat engine efficiency and the consumption of water, a valuable resource. The types of heat sinks discussed include open-cycle water cooling, closed-cycle water cooling and air cooling. Thermal power plants provide many benefits to the electrical power system. They provide power 24 hours a day and 365 days a year, regardless of the weather. They are relatively compact, making them easier to build, operate and maintain. They also can be located close to electrical load concentrations reducing the need for transmission lines that disrupt the environment. The technologies involved in thermal power plant operation are proven effective and in use today. The challenges are to manage the fuel supply and byproduct disposal in an environmentally acceptable manner.
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