Academic literature on the topic 'Heat storage devices Testing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Heat storage devices Testing"
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Bolufawi, Omonayo, Annadanesh Shellikeri, and Jim P. Zheng. "Lithium-Ion Capacitor Safety Testing for Commercial Application." Batteries 5, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries5040074.
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The lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is a recent innovation in the area of electrochemical energy storage that hybridizes lithium-ion battery anode material and an electrochemical double layer capacitor cathode material as its electrodes. The high power compared to batteries and higher energy compared to capacitors has made it a promising energy-storage device for powering hand-held and portable electronic systems/consumer electronics, hybrid electric vehicles, and electric vehicles. The swelling and gassing of the LIC when subjected to abuse conditions is still a critical issue concerning the safe application in power electronics and commercial devices. However, it is imperative to carry out a thorough investigation that characterizes the safe operation of LICs. We investigated and studied the safety of LIC for commercial applications, by conducting a comprehensive abuse tests on LIC 200 F pouch cells with voltage range from 3.8 V to 2.2 V manufactured by General Capacitors LLC. The abuse tests include overcharge, external short circuit, crush (flat metal plate and blunt indentation), nail penetration test, and external heat test.
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Supak, Kevin, Steve Green, and Amy McCleney. "Using Tapered Channels to Improve LAD Performance for Cryogenic Fluids: Suborbital Testing Results." Gravitational and Space Research 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2021-0009.
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Abstract Improvement of cryogenic fluid storage and transfer technology for in-space propulsion and storage systems is required for long-term space missions. Screened channel liquid acquisition devices (LADs) have long been used with storable propellants to deliver vapor-free liquid during engine restart and liquid transfer processes. The use of LADs with cryogenic fluids is problematic due to low temperatures associated with cryogenic fluids. External heat leaks will cause vapor bubbles to form within the LADs that are difficult to remove in the existing designs. A tapered LAD channel has been proposed to reliably remove vapor bubbles within the device without costly thrusting maneuvers or active separation systems. A model has been developed to predict bubble movement within tapered LAD channels, and subsequent ground testing was completed with a simulant fluid to provide model validation data. Suborbital microgravity testing of tapered LAD technology was recently completed with two different simulant fluids and demonstrated that the concept can passively expel vapor bubbles within the channel. Two additional suborbital flights have been funded to further develop this technology by investigating the performance of larger scale versions of the design.
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Vasta, Salvatore, Valeria Palomba, Davide La Rosa, and Antonino Bonanno. "Adsorption Cold Storage for Mobile Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 18, 2020): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062044.
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In recent years, hot and cold storage systems demonstrated themselves to be key components, especially in systems for waste heat exploitation. Moreover, mobile A/C and refrigeration set new efficiency challenges in the field of goods and passengers transport. In such a context, adsorption cold storage devices enable new possibilities and show promising features: high energy density and the possibility of being operated both for heat and cold release to the user. However, only a few studies on small and compact systems for mobile applications have been carried out so far, especially for cold storage exploiting low-temperature sources (<100 °C). The present paper describes the realization and testing of two different types of cold storage based on two innovative adsorbent reactors: a pelletized adsorber filled with commercial FAM Z02 zeolite, and a composite adsorber based on an aluminum porous structure and a SAPO-34 coating. An already developed testing procedure was employed to characterize the prototypes under cold storage mode for mobile refrigeration purposes. The test clearly showed that prototypes can store up to 580 Wh, with an average power during the discharging phase that ranges from 200 W to 820 W and an energy efficiency of 0.3 Whdischarged/Whcharged for the operations in the selected conditions, thus revealing promising opportunities for future further developments.
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Cheng, Zhenjing, Lu Wang, Yaodong Cheng, and Gang Chen. "Heat Prediction of High Energy Physical Data Based on LSTM Recurrent Neural Network." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024504002.
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High-energy physics computing is a typical data-intensive calculation. Each year, petabytes of data needs to be analyzed, and data access performance is increasingly demanding. The tiered storage system scheme for building a unified namespace has been widely adopted. Generally, data is stored on storage devices with different performances and different prices according to different access frequency. When the heat of the data changes, the data is then migrated to the appropriate storage tier. At present, heuristic algorithms based on artificial experience are widely used in data heat prediction. Due to the differences in computing models of different users, the accuracy of prediction is low. A method for predicting future access popularity based on file access characteristics with the help of LSTM deep learning algorithm is proposed as the basis for data migration in hierarchical storage. This paper uses the real data of high-energy physics experiment LHAASO as an example for comparative testing. The results show that under the same test conditions, the model has higher prediction accuracy and stronger applicability than existing prediction models.
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Bart, G. C. J., C. J. Hoogendoorn, and P. B. J. Schaareman. "A Characteristic Dimensionless Time in Phase Change Problems." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 108, no. 4 (November 1, 1986): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268111.
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In this paper a comparison is made between an approximate analytical solution and the numerical finite difference solution for the one dimensional solidification of a phase change material of finite size. The analytical model is not only capable of handling materials with a fixed melting temperature but is also extended to cope with materials with a transition range. In the approximate analytical model, use is made of the well known Neumann solution for the solidification in a semi-infinite region. A characteristic dimensionless time has been derived that can be used in a simplified description of the solidification of a phase-change material. With this description the testing of latent heat storage devices can be simplified and the results can also be used in simulation programs of solar energy installations with a latent heat storage.
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Li, Yang, Caixia Wang, Jun Zong, Jien Ma, and Youtong Fang. "Experimental Research of the Heat Storage Performance of a Magnesium Nitrate Hexahydrate-Based Phase Change Material for Building Heating." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 7108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217108.
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Phase change heat storage material is a preferred material in solar building heating or off-peak electric-heat storage heating technology and is the research focus. A compact phase change thermal storage device has been designed and experimentally studied for improving heating system load in this work. A new type, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate-based phase change material has been studied to improve the cooling degree and crystallization difficulty. The focus of this study is on the heat charging and discharging characteristics of this new phase change material. The heat storage device has two groups of coils, the inner side which carries water and the outer side which is the phase change material. A testing system was built up to value the thermal cycling performance of the heat storage device. The measurement data include phase change material temperature field, water inlet and water outlet mean temperature, heat charging and heat discharging depth, and flow rates over the operating period. The results show the phase change material has a quick response with the operating temperature range of 20–99 °C. Its latent heat is 151.3 J/g at 91.8 °C. The heat storage density of this phase change material is about 420 MJ/m3. The thermal performance degradation is about 1.8% after 800 operation cycles. The phase change thermal storage device shows flexibility and a great potential to improve the capacity and economy of heating systems.
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Manix, Thomas, Michael R. Gunderson, and Geoffrey C. Garth. "Comparison of Prehospital Cervical Immobilization Devices Using Video and Electromyography." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 10, no. 4 (December 1995): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00042096.
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AbstractIntroduction:Previous evaluations of prehospital devices intended for spinal immobilization have focused on the device's ability to restrict motion only. This study defines six relevant criteria for evaluation of cervical immobilization device (CID) performance.Objectives:To suggest relevant criteria for evaluation and use available technology to improve measurements for performance testing of prehospital-care devices.Methods:Six parameters (motion restriction, access, ease of application, environmental performance, radiolucency, and storage size) were used to evaluate three types of CIDs: Device A—a single-use corrugated board; Device B—a reusable foam-block CID; and Device C—hospital towels and adhesive tape. To test motion restriction, the most frequently compared parameters for immobilization devices, 20 volunteers were asked to move their heads and necks through a series of motions (flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation). Their movements were videotaped, still images of each movement were generated, and the degrees of deflection recorded from these still images. To ensure a consistent level of force, electromyography (EMG) of the sternodydomastoid and extensor muscles was employed.Results:Data were produced for each parameter and presented for comparison. The use of video to determine deflection proved to be a useful and highly accurate (±1°) method for measurement. The use of EMG technology enabled force to be controlled indirectly when the subjects used moderate levels of exertion. Overall, Devices A and C restricted motion better than Device B. Although Device C required the shortest time for application, it took the longest to prepare for application. The total time required for preparation and application of A and B essentially were equivalent, with A requiring no preparation time but taking the longest for application, and B having an intermediate interval for application. Device A allowed for the best examination of the head and neck. No differences were detected in performance in extreme environmental conditions or in radiolucency for cervical spine X-ray examinations. Device A consumed the smallest storage volume, B the greatest storage volume, and C an intermediate volume substantially greater than that required for A.Conclusion:Device evaluation should include examination of all relevant performance parameters using the most accurate and meaningful methods possible.
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Lee, Kong Weng, Lei Xu, and Jay Skidmore. "Thick Copper and Aluminum Wire Bonding Technology for High Power Laser Devices." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 000336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-tp46.
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The trends of increasing demand of higher power laser devices with increased current capacity and total package cost reduction to improve dollars per watt of laser output power have resulted in the need for alternatives to traditional gold wirebonds on gold-plated substrates. Copper and aluminum wires are considered to be the leading candidates due to their vast reliability database in the semiconductor industry and cost advantages. Room temperature (25°C) wirebonding with a robust process window and high yield is required for high-volume, low-cost applications. The wirebonds must also meet or exceed the stringent reliability requirements of 1000 hours at 85°C/85%RH damp heat (DH) and 1000 hrs at 175°C high temperature storage (HTS) testing. In this study, 10 mils round thick copper and aluminum wire bonding has been successfully developed at room temperature with no intermetallic failure or void formation at the Al/Au and Cu/Au interfaces after 1000 hours of DH and HTS testing. Further investigation with corrosion-resistant Al wire shows excellent pull strength and wire shear per Mil-Std 883 after 2000 hours of DH and HTS testing with no evidence of void formation at the Al/Au interface. The thickness of the Au-Al intermetallic is found to be minimal at ∼4um after 1000 hours of HTS testing. This study has demonstrated that both thick copper and aluminum wire are capable of wire bonding at room temperature to function as a reliable interconnect with improved product performance and low cost.
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Hegner, Lukas, Stefan Krimmel, Rebecca Ravotti, Dominic Festini, Jörg Worlitschek, and Anastasia Stamatiou. "Experimental Feasibility Study of a Direct Contact Latent Heat Storage Using an Ester as a Bio-Based Storage Material." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020511.
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Latent heat storage (LHS) represents a valuable technology for the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources in existing and future energy systems. Improvements in LHS can be sought by enhancing heat transfer efficiency, compactness and diminishing the environmental impact of storage systems. In this paper, direct contact latent heat storage (DC-LHS) using esters as phase change material (PCM) is proposed as a promising compact storage technology to achieve high performance both in terms of heat transfer and sustainability. The technology allows for the heat transfer fluid (HTF) to flow directly through the PCM, forming a large amount of small droplets and thus providing a large heat exchange surface area between the two materials. At the same time, using biobased esters as PCM, gives the technology clear ecological advantages when compared to alternative types of compact energy storage. Furthermore, no complex heat transfer enhancing structures are necessary in a DC-LHS, further reducing the environmental impact and enabling very high energy densities. In this paper, the feasibility of this concept is explored for the first time by developing and testing an experimental DC-LHS device using methyl palmitate as PCM and water as HTF. The thermal performance and stability of the material combination are analysed by different melting–solidification experiments and distinctive effects are identified and comprehensively discussed for the first time. The basic concept as well as the novel material combination are validated. The study finds the critical challenges that must be overcome in order for this highly promising technology to be successfully implemented.
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Nazir, Muhammad Shahzad, Sami ud Din, Wahab Ali Shah, Majid Ali, Ali Yousaf Kharal, Ahmad N. Abdalla, and Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar. "Optimal Economic Modelling of Hybrid Combined Cooling, Heating, and Energy Storage System Based on Gravitational Search Algorithm-Random Forest Regression." Complexity 2021 (May 13, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5539284.
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The hybridization of two or more energy sources into a single power station is one of the widely discussed solutions to address the demand and supply havoc generated by renewable production (wind-solar/photovoltaic (PV), heating power, and cooling power) and its energy storage issues. Hybrid energy sources work based on the complementary existence of renewable sources. The combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) is one of the significant systems and shows a profit from its low environmental impact, high energy efficiency, low economic investment, and sustainability in the industry. This paper presents an economic model of a microgrid (MG) system containing the CCHP system and energy storage considering the energy coupling and conversion characteristics, the effective characteristics of each microsource, and energy storage unit is proposed. The random forest regression (RFR) model was optimized by the gravitational search algorithm (GSA). The test results show that the GSA-RFR model improves prediction accuracy and reduces the generalization error. The detail of the MG network and the energy storage architecture connected to the other renewable energy sources is discussed. The mathematical formulation of energy coupling and energy flow of the MG network including wind turbines, photovoltaic (PV), CCHP system, fuel cell, and energy storage devices (batteries, cold storage, hot water tanks, and so on) are presented. The testing system has been analysed under load peak cutting and valley filling of energy utilization index, energy utilization rate, the heat pump, the natural gas consumption of the microgas turbine, and the energy storage unit. The energy efficiency costs were observed as 88.2% and 86.9% with heat pump and energy storage operation comparing with GSA-RFR-based operation costs as 93.2% and 93% in summer and winter season, respectively. The simulation results extended the rationality and economy of the proposed model.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heat storage devices Testing"
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Sözen, Zeki Ziya. "Thermal energy storage by agitated capsules of phase change material." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25974.
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Thermal energy storage via the latent heat of suitable phase change materials has the advantages of higher energy storage density and relatively isothermal behaviour compared to sensible heat storage systems. Glauber's salt (Na₂S0₄∙10H₂0) is one of the most extensively studied phase change materials for solar energy systems because of its low price, suitable phase change temperature and high latent heat. However, segregation due to incongruent melting behaviour leading to loss in the heat storage efficiency upon repeated melting-freezing cycling is a serious problem which has severely limited application of Glauber's salt. In this study Glauber's salt was encapsulated in 25 mm diameter hollow spheres and agitated in different systems including a liquid fluidized bed, rotating drum and rotating tube to reduce or eliminate the Toss in its heat storage efficiency. The encapsulated mixture consisted of 96% Glauber's salt and 4% borax by weight with 5% by volume air space in the capsules. Some capsules containing 25%, 15% and 5% by weight excess sodium sulfate and 10% by weight excess water were also prepared, to test the effect of sodium sulfate concentration under different agitation conditions.
The heat storage capacity of 5756 capsules, agitated by fluidizing with water in a pilot plant size (0.34 m diameter) column, showed a decrease over the first three cycles to about 60% of that theoretically possible, but there was no further decrease over the next 93 cycles under fluidization conditions. The heat storage efficiency was found to be improved by increasing the superficial water velocity and by decreasing the cooling rate. Heating rate had little or no effect. The fluidized capsules provide enhanced heat transfer rates to or from the heat storage medium, enabling the energy to be charged or discharged in about one hour with realistic inlet and outlet temperatures. The high heat transfer rates are an important advantage for the system and may open new areas of applications for thermal energy storage by encapsulated phase change material. Economic analysis of the liquid fluidized bed heat storage system shows that operating costs are almost negligible compared to fixed capital costs.
The heat storage efficiency of capsules decreased to 38.4% of the theoretical capacity or 67% of the corresponding agitated (fluidized) system in only 7 cycles under fixed bed conditions, and the efficiency decreased with further cycling. 97.5% of the original heat storage-capacity was recovered within three cycles when these capsules were refluidized.
Performances of the regular and different composition capsules were tested in the rotating tube, with rotation around a fixed horizontal axis passing through the capsules' centers, and in the rotating drum, with impact due to collisions in addition to rotation. The results showed that full rotation of a capsule around a horizontal axis improves the heat storage efficiency. However, full recovery of the theoretical capacity was not possible, even under vigorous mixing conditions. The efficiencies in the rotating tube were similar to those in the rotating drum for capsules subject to the same number of rotations around a horizontal axis. At high rotation speeds centrifugal force had a negative influence, especially in the rotating tube. On the basis of heat storage capacity per unit volume or weight of phase change material, 47% by weight sodium sulfate concentration was found to be optimal for the rotating drum and the rotating tube cases.
Some small scale experiments were performed to determine the relative importance of different factors in the loss of heat storage capacity. Sodium sulfate concentration gradients in the capsules with different thermal cycling histories were found by thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that bulk segregation of anhydrous sodium sulfate is not the only reason for the loss of heat storage capacity in systems using Glauber's salt. Microencapsulation of anhydrous sodium sulfate beneath a layer of Glauber's salt crystals is at least as important.
Experiments to determine the degree of subcooling, believed to be another factor in the loss of heat storage capacity, showed that a mixture of 96% Glauber's salt and 4% borax by weight undergoes subcooling of about 5 K in gently agitated capsules. Nucleation and crystallization temperatures both increase with increased agitation.Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Benne, Kyle S. "Transient performance of closed loop thermosyphons incorporating thermal storage." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : University of Missouri-Rolla, 2007. http://scholarsmine.umr.edu/thesis/pdf/Benne_09007dcc803c9096.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007.Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed December 3, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Piechowski, Miroslaw. "A ground coupled heat pump system with energy storage /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000724.
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Kota, Krishna M. "Design and experimental study of an integrated vapor chamber thermal energy storage system." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002332.
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Paulsen, Ronald Ray 1951. "DESIGN AND BUILD OF A STORAGE SYSTEM FOR STRESS TESTING (WORD GENERATOR, SIGNAL SOURCE)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291237.
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Cohen, Donald Kenneth. "Analysis of methods for detecting focus error in optical data storage systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184257.
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Theoretical and experimental techniques are developed to study three common approaches to focus error signal generation for optical data storage applications. Specifically, the astigmatic, obstruction knife edge (a.k.a. shaded aperture), and critical angle prism systems are studied. These techniques are then applied to a new focus detection system, based on a lateral shearing interferometer, developed by this author. The sensitivity of a given optical system to the primary design point, alignment errors, aberrations and optical recording medium topology are presented. A new approach to constructing the focus error signal for the astigmatic and interferometric techniques is presented which greatly reduces the alignment sensitivity.
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Malan, Daniel Johannes. "Latent heat thermal energy storage for solar water heating using flat heat pipes and aluminum fins as heat transfer enhancers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96140.
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Thesis (MEng) -- Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Solar energy is a time dependent, high-temperature radiant energy resource. The utility of a solar thermal energy system increases if the hot temperature source is available when it is needed most. This is realized by the thermal storage of the solar energy. Thermal storage gives greater versatility to a solar energy system by decoupling the heat source from the heat sink. A large quantity of energy may be stored during the melting process in a phase change material (PCM) within a small temperature range. This molten PCM can then deliver its absorbed heat at a constant temperature in a heating application. In this study a phase change storage system (PCS) is developed and proposed for a solar water heating application. This PCS system stores more heat per unit mass than would be possible with water across the same temperature range. The heat transfer rate in and out of many PCMs is slow because of the low thermal conductivity of the PCM. However, heat transfer enhancers (HTE), such as heat pipes and fins may be added to enhance heat absorption and heat removal rates. Heat pipes have the inherent capability to transfer heat at high rates across large distances, even where the temperature difference is small. In this thesis a description is given of a PCS system consisting of paraffin wax as the PCM and which uses rectangular heat pipes in conjunction with aluminium fins to enhance heat transfer. The storage design is modular and each module has the characteristic that enhanced heat transfer in and out of the PCM is possible when the module is heated or cooled. It also has the capability to quickly absorb or alternatively to supply heat at a nearly constant temperature during the phase change of the module. A rectangular module was designed and built. The module was then analysed under controlled heat absorption and heat removal cycles. The heat up experiment involved an electrical kettle as the hot temperature source. The heat sink was a mains water heat exchanger. The experimental results were compared to those of a transient numerical model, which calculates theoretically how the module will perform thermally under the given test conditions. The numerical model of the experimental set-up was validated when it was found that the numerical model results resemble the experimental results. The numerical model was then adapted to simulate a novel solar water heater (SWH) with an additional PCS container. The improvement over previous designs is that the additional storage container can be heated to a higher temperature than the allowable geyser temperature. The system also heats up and cools down at a faster rate than would be possible without the HTEs. From the numerical simulation the size and performance of such a system is determined. This numerical analysis indicated that a phase change storage system in a SWH application will increase the hot water delivered by a given solar collector and geyser by increasing the storage capacity and by heating up the geyser overnight for early morning hot water use.
AFRIKKANSE OPSOMMING: Son energie is ‘n tyd afhanklike, hoë temperatuur radiasie energiebron. Die bruikbaarheid van ‘n sontermiese energie sisteem verhoog indien die hoë temperatuur bron beskikbaar is wanneer dit die meeste benodig word. Dit kan verwesenlik word deur die sonenergie termies te stoor. Termiese storing bied groter veelsydigheid aan ‘n sontermiese stelsel deur effektief die hittebron te ontkoppel van die hitte sink. ‘n Groot hoeveelheid energie kan, gedurende die smeltingsproses in ‘n faseveranderingsmateriaal binne ‘n nou temperatuurband gestoor word. Hierdie gesmelte materiaal kan weer op sy beurt in die waterverhittingstoepassing, die geabsorbeerde hitte teen ‘n konstante temperatuur oordra. In hierdie studie word ‘n sonwaterverwarmer stelsel wat aangepas is deur ‘n addisionele latente hittestoor daaraan te heg, voorgestel. Hierdie faseverandering hittestoor kan meer hitte stoor as wat water in dieselfde temperatuur band sou kon. Die hitteoordrag tempo na en van baie van die faseveranderingsmateriale (FVM) is egter as gevolg van die lae termiese geleidingskoëfisient, stadig. Hierdie eienskap kan gelukkig verbeter word deur hittepype en hitteoordrag verhogings materiaal soos vinne by te voeg. Hittepype het die inherente eienskap om hitte teen ‘n hoë tempo oor groot afstande, oor te dra, selfs oor ‘n klein temperatuurverskil. In hierdie tesis word ‘n ondersoek rakende ‘n faseverandering storingsisteem wat bestaan uit paraffien was as die FVM en reghoekige hittepype wat te same met met aluminium finne gebruik word om die hitteoordragtempo te verhoog, beskryf. Die stoorontwerp is modulêr en elke module het die kenmerk van hoë hitteoordrag na en van die FVM. Die module het verder ook die eienskap om vining hitte te absorbeer of hitte af te gee. Dit gebeur teen ‘n konstante temperatuur gedurende die faseverandering van die FVM. Presies so ‘n reghoekige module is ontwerp en gebou en onder beheerde hitte absorbering- en hitte verwyderingsiklusse analiseer. Tydens die verhittings eksperiment is ‘n elektriese ketel van gebruik gemaak wat gedien het as die hoë temperatuur bron. Die hitte sink was ‘n hitteruiler wat kraanwater van ‘n konstante hoogte tenk ontvang het. Die resultate van die volledige toets is met die resultate van tydafhanklike numeriese model vergelyk. Hierdie numeriese model bereken teoreties wat die module se storing verrigting onder gegewe toets omstandighede sal wees. Die numeriese model se resultate het goed vergelyk met die resultate van die eksperimente. Die numeriese model van die module is toe aangepas om ‘n sonwaterverwarmer met addisionele stoortenk wat fase verandering materiaal gebruik, te simuleer. Hierdie ontwerp is anders as vorige ontwerpe in die sin dat hoër temperature as wat die warmwatertoestel kan hanteer, in die faseverandering storingstenk, bereik kan word. Die sisteem kan ook as gevolg van die hitteoordrag verhoging materiaal, vinniger verhit of afkoel en teen ‘n vinniger tempo. Die simulasie van die sonwaterverwarmer met FVM word gebruik om die grootte en verrigting van die sisteem te bepaal. Hierdie numeriese model toon aan dat wanneer ‘n addisionele faseverandering storingstelsel in ‘n sonwaterverwarmer toepassing gebruik word, die warm water wat die verbruiker uit die sisteem kan verkry, kan verhoog. Die rede hiervoor is dat meer hitte gestoor kan word, wat beskikbaar gemaak word aan die warm water tenk.
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Lefebvre, Dominique. "Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34173.
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As the worldwide energy demand continues to increase, scientists and engineers are faced with the increasingly difficult task of meeting these needs. Currently, the major energy sources, consisting of oil, coal, and natural gas, are non-renewable, contribute to climate change, and are rapidly depleting. Renewable technology research has become a major focus to provide energy alternatives which are environmentally-friendly and economically competitive to sustain the future worldwide needs. Thermal energy storage using adsorption is a promising technology which can provide energy for heating and cooling applications using solar and waste heat sources. The current work aims to improve adsorption systems to provide higher energy outputs and therefore, more economical systems. New adsorbents and operating conditions were tested with the goal of storing the available energy more efficiently. A model was also developed to gain a better understanding of the adsorption system to improve this developing technology.
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Hüttermann, Lars [Verfasser], Roland [Gutachter] Span, and Viktor [Gutachter] Scherer. "Thermodynamic analysis of liquid air energy storage systems and associated heat storage devices / Lars Hüttermann ; Gutachter: Roland Span, Viktor Scherer ; Fakultät für Maschinenbau." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177364417/34.
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Augspurger, Michael. "Improving the performance of finned latent heat thermal storage devices using a Cartesian grid solver and machine-learning optimization techniques." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6048.
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The high energy density and stable temperature fields of latent heat thermal storage devices (LHTSD) make them promising in a range of applications, including solar energy storage, solar cooking, home heating and cooling, and thermal buffering. The chief engineering challenge in building an effective LHTSD is to find a way to complement the storage capabilities provided by the low-conductivity phase-change material with a suitable enhanced heat transfer mechanism.
The principal aim of this project is to develop a tool to improve the design of a small-scale LHTSD, such as one that might be used in solar cooking for a family. An effective small-scale storage device would need to absorb solar energy quickly, release the energy at a high temperature, be affordable, and be manageable within a small household. An LHTSD using solar salts fulfills the latter two requirements: solar salts, a near-eutectic mixture of NaNO3 and KNO3 (60/40% by mass) commonly used in thermal storage applications, are inexpensive and widely available, and the use of latent heat storage means a relatively small chamber can hold enough energy to cook a family meal. The challenge, however, is to design a device that absorbs and releases energy from the solar salts, which have a very low thermal conductivity. The most practical tool to improve the spread of heat through the salts is a finned metal core within the LHTSD.
This project uses numerical simulation to determine the most effective design of this finned core. A Cartesian grid solver is developed that is capable of simulating the convection-dominated melting processes within the storage device. The phase boundary is tracked using the enthalpy method, and conjugate heat transfer is calculated with a strongly coupled implicit scheme.
A number of techniques are then used to with this solver in order to better understand the factors that affect the performance of a LHTSD and to improve the design of such devices. The thesis is organized as an introductory section followed by three case studies. In the first section, the project is introduced, and the governing equations and core numerical methods are described. In addition, a set of test simulations demonstrate that results using the developed numerical scheme match those of a range of experimental and numerical benchmarks.
Each of the case studies aims to adapt the numerical scheme to a more specific problem concerning LHTSDs. In the first, the performance of four fin designs are compared over long-term (48 hour) simulations; the aim is to test the potential performance of the four LHTSDs given realistic solar conditions in New Delhi, India. In the second case study, a set of physical experiments are performed in an empty and a finned LHTSD, and matched 3-dimensional numerical simulations are used to explore the thermal, melt, and flow behavior of the solar salts with the chambers. The final study uses the computational scheme to optimize the design of the finned core of an LHTSD over a large parameter space. To optimize the best design, the key parameters are first prescreened to find which three parameters have the largest effect on the objective equation. A machine-learning optimization code using the dynamic Kriging method (DKG) is then used to build a response surface from which the optimized design can be determined.
These three cases demonstrate the potential of the numerical scheme to explore the performance of finned LHTSD designs in a range of ways: the scheme can be used to predict behavior of devices in realistic conditions, to explore the behavior of solar salts during the melting and solidification process, and to determine an optimal design within a large parameter space. In doing so, they show the potential of this tool to help improve the performance and practicality of small-scale LHTSDs.
Books on the topic "Heat storage devices Testing"
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H, Visser, Dijk, H. A. L. van., and Commission of the European Communities., eds. Test procedures for short term thermal stores. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.
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Sharma, Ashok K. Semiconductor memories: Technology, testing, and reliability. Piscataway, N.J: IEEE Press, 1997.
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Adams, R. Dean. High performance memory testing: Design principles, fault modeling, and self-test. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2003.
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Testing semiconductor memories: Theory and practice. Chichester: J. Wiley & Sons, 1991.
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IEEE International Workshop on Memory Technology, Design, and Testing (1998 San Jose, California). Memory technology, design and testing: Proceedings : International Workshop on Memory Technology, Design, and Testing. Los Alamitos, California: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1998.
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Sharma, Ashok K. Semiconductor memories: Technology, testing, and reliability. New York: IEEE, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1997.
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Reeves, George. Electric thermal storage applications guide and product directory. Palo Alto, Calif: EPRI, 1990.
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IEEE International Workshop on Memory Technology, Design, and Testing (1997 San Jose, Calif.). Proceedings: International Workshop on Memory Technology, Design, and Testing. Los Alamitos, Calif: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1997.
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Hamdioui, Said. Testing static random access memories: Defects, fault models, and test patterns. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2004.
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Andersson, Olof. Scaling and corrosion: Annex VI : environmental and chemical aspects of thermal energy storage in aquifers. Stockholm, Sweden: Swedish Council for Building Research, 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Heat storage devices Testing"
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Li, Chuan, Peikun Zhang, Qi Li, Liqe Tong, Li Wang, and Yulong Ding. "Chapter 10. Latent Heat Storage Devices." In Thermal Energy Storage, 265–328. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788019842-00265.
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Sun, Feng, Xin Wen, Wei Fan, Gang Wang, Kai Gao, Jiajue Li, and Hao Liu. "Optimal Scheduling and Benefit Analysis of Solid Heat Storage Devices in Cold Regions." In Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, 13–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9710-3_2.
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Huber, Ch, A. Jossen, and R. Kuhn. "Novel Latent Heat Storage Devices for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Battery Systems." In Sustainable Automotive Technologies 2013, 243–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01884-3_25.
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"Design of Adsorptive Heat Storage Devices." In Technology Development for Adsorptive Heat Energy Converters, 89–123. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4432-7.ch004.
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The chapter is devoted to prospects of application of adsorptive heat storage devices, principles of operating the adsorptive heat storage systems, design of adsorptive storage devices and main factors determining the design of adsorptive heat storage unit. Perspectives of application of adsorptive heat storage devices in heat supply systems were analyzed. Basic principles of operating of heat storage devices were considered. Adsorptive heat storage units operating in close and open modes were compared. Constructions of adsorptive heat storage units operating in open and close mode were described. An efficient algorithm for calculating the volume of the adsorptive thermal energy storage device for a decentralised heat supply system of a private house is suggested by authors. The following procedure of computation is proposed to involve: calculation of thermal load for heating including the determination of thermal losses through external fences, thermal losses due to infiltration and internal heat dissipation, the evaluation of maximal adsorption, adsorption heat, and determination of adsorbent mass and adsorbent volume. The maximal adsorption value is suggested to be calculated by the characteristics of the adsorbent, that is, its maximal adsorption or in the absence of data for a composite adsorbent, as a linear superposition for a mechanical mixture. The adsorbent mass is suggested to calculate as a ratio of a thermal load for heating and heat of adsorption. The adsorbent volume is calculated as ratio of mass and density of adsorbent. An evaluative calculation of the heat load for a private house was carried out with the proposed algorithm. Mass and volumes of conventional silica gels were compared with composite adsorbents ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' and ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' obtained by sol gel method developed by authors. Mass and volume of silica gels occur to surpass the suggested composite at least by 1.5 – 5 times. This is shown to result from higher maximal adsorption and heat of adsorption of suggested composite adsorbents. The optimal composition of the composite adsorbents ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' and ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' was determined according to the minimal volume of the layer of heat storage material. Both the lowest volume values and the highest efficiency of a composite adsorbents with a mass ratio of silica gel and Na2SO4 or CH3COONa 20: 80 are explained by the maximum value of adsorption heat. Suggested composite adsorbent ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' and ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' are shown to be promising for heat supply systems.
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"Performance of Adsorptive Heat Storage Devices for Heat Supply." In Technology Development for Adsorptive Heat Energy Converters, 124–73. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4432-7.ch005.
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The chapter is focused on modelling of performance of adsorptive heat storage devices and estimation of performance of heat storage devices. Two groups of models of adsorptive heat storage units suggested previous researchers are analyzed. The first one is focused on predicting the heat energy storage density, it being based on Dubinin-Polanyi theory. The second one is devoted to analyzing the kinetic of adsorption processes and performance of the adsorber or adsorptive-desorptive reactor filled with traditional adsorbent or salt which forms crystalline hydrates. The key drawback of both groups of models concerns with considering only one stage of exploitation of adsorptive heat storage device in spite of its operating in two-stage mode, that is, alternating discharge (adsorption) and charge (regeneration). It inhibits estimation of efficiency of adsorptive heat storage device basing on full operating cycle and its involving in heat supply system. Two algorithms for estimation of operating parameters are proposed by authors for closed-type and open-type heat storage devices. The algorithm for calculation of operating parameters of closed type adsorptive heat storage device is proposed: calculation of the mass transfer coefficient, adsorption, useful heat, that is, heat of adsorption, determination of the heat input, it being calculated as heat inputs for heating the adsorbent, device housing, water in the tank, evaporation of water in the tank, heating of the adsorbed water and desorption. Then efficiency factor is calculated. The operating characteristics of a closed-type heat energy storage device were studied when the composite adsorbent ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' used. The effect of the humid airflow velocity on the efficiency factor is taken into account by introducing a coefficient equal to the value of the adsorption. An increase in the efficiency coefficient was stated when the velocity and relative humidity of the airflow. It is shown that the humid air flow temperature practically does not affect its value. Having been used the suggested algorithm, the optimal operating characteristics of an adsorptive heat storage device of a closed type based on a composite adsorbent ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' for a private house heating system are revealed to be humid air velocities of 0.6 – 0.8 m/s and relative humidity 40 – 60%. When these operational data applied, the efficiency coefficient is shown to reach the maximum values (about 55%). Algorithm of calculation of operating parameter of open-type heat storage device includes computation of mass transfer coefficient, adsorption, useful heat (heat of adsorption), heat input for heating the adsorbent, device casing, water in the humidifier, evaporation of water, heating the adsorbed water, desorption, and calculating efficiency coefficient. Performance of open-type heat storage device based on the composite adsorbent ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' is estimated. The optimal operating conditions of the heat accumulating device which allow operating with maximal magnitudes of efficiency coefficients 53 – 57% are stated to be humid airflow speed of 0.6 – 0.8 m/s and relative humidity of 40 – 60%. Correlation between efficiency factors obtained by experiments and calculated with suggested algorithm is confirmed. The possibility of reducing the power consumption when heat storage devices applied in 2,4 – 90 times versus decentralized heating systems on basis of solid fuel boiler, gas boiler and electric boiler is stated when open-type sorptive heat storage device used. Results of the study can be used to develop adsorptive storage devices in decentralized heat supply and ventilation systems and adsorption units for utilization of low-temperature waste heat.
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Kularatna, Nihal. "Supercapacitors in a rapid heat transfer application." In Energy Storage Devices for Electronic Systems, 245–55. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-407947-2.00008-0.
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Kularatna, Nihal, and Kosala Gunawardane. "Supercapacitors in a rapid heat transfer application." In Energy Storage Devices for Renewable Energy-Based Systems, 395–405. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820778-9.00010-3.
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Stoy, Bernd. "SOLAR COOKING, ROASTING AND BAKING DEVICES WITH PROCESS HEAT STORAGE." In Advances In Solar Energy Technology, 2708–12. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-034315-0.50500-0.
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Prakash, Ravi, Sunil Kumar, and Pralay Maiti. "Carbon Nanotube Based Nanomaterials for Solar Energy Storage Devices." In Current and Future Developments in Nanomaterials and Carbon Nanotubes, 1–18. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815050714122030004.
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their nanocomposites are used in various products and technologies due to their unique characteristics. For their future implementation, the manufacturing of CNTs with appropriate specifications has gained momentum in the area of nanoscience and technology. Conventional phase change materials used in solar thermal energy storage have low thermal conductivity. CNTs are used to prepare phase change materials with high thermal conductivity to solve this issue. This chapter addresses the synthesis, structure, and properties of CNTs. The different varieties of solar energy storage systems used to store solar radiation are also discussed. Further, we explain the phase change materials (PCMs) as suitable solar thermal energy storage systems and discuss the methods to prepare CNT-based nanomaterials for use as a heat transfer fluid (HTF) after using the CNTs based PCMs in solar storage systems. CNT based nanomaterials as a heat transfer fluid significantly increase the effective receiving efficiency, thermal conductivity, and absorption coefficient of such storage systems.
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E. Afshan, Mahboob, and Anna Gowsalya Lucas. "Technology in Design of Heat Exchangers for Thermal Energy Storage." In Phase Change Materials - Technology and Applications. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108462.
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In today’s world, the energy requirement has full attention in the development of any country for which it requires an effective and sustainable potential to meet the country’s needs. Thermal energy storage has a complete advantage to satisfy the future requirement of energy. Heat exchangers exchange heat in the thermal storage which is stored and retrieved later or can be used as a pre-heating or post-heating devices to save energy. Criteria of design of heat exchangers for various thermal energy storage applications along with their various components are being elaborated. The latent heat thermal energy storage in a mass application has got many advantages over the sensible heat storage. The existing approaches in the design, integration and application of phase change materials (PCMs) are explored by experimenting on a prototype of a single heat exchanger module and analysing all the design aspects to get a significant idea and the analysis needed while charging and discharging the heat exchanger.
Conference papers on the topic "Heat storage devices Testing"
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Wert, Sarah, Cynthia A. Cruickshank, and Dominic Groulx. "Characterization of an Air-PCM Energy Storage Design for Air Handling Unit Applications." In ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2017-4845.
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This paper will discuss the characterization of an air-PCM storage design for commercial air handling unit (AHU) applications during winter. The air-PCM storage design consists of two rows of 29 aluminum flat plate containers (0.45 m × 0.35 m × 0.01 m) filled with PCM, vertically aligned leaving an air channel between each plate of 0.011 m wide. The storage device was placed within a closed air loop which conditions the air to the desired testing temperature and velocity. The PCM selected for testing was RT44HC with a melting temperature of 44 °C. This PCM was chosen for its similar properties to other PCMs having lower melting temperatures (in the range of 5 to 18°C) that could be used in actual HVAC application implementation. The system was instrumented and calibrated with Type T thermocouples and a velocity sensor. The system was tested at various inlet temperatures (55°C to 63°C for charging and 12°C to 25°C for discharging) and flow rates. The instantaneous heat transfer rates and total energy storage were calculated for each test from the data collected. The results provide a baseline value for heat transfer rates in a simple air-PCM design, to be used for model validation.
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Hockins, Addison, Samantha Moretti, Mahboobe Mahdavi, and Saeed Tiari. "Experimental and Numerical Study of a Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Unit Enhanced by Fins." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24024.
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Abstract Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems are used to store thermal energy and release it for later use by melting or solidifying a phase change material (PCM). One problem associated with latent heat thermal energy storage systems is the low thermal conductivity of most commercially aviable phase change materials. This can have a significant negative effect on the thermal performance of the system by leading to a longer charging or discharging process. Several passive heat transfer enhancement techniques are used to resolve this issue. Common passive heat transfer enhancement techniques include inserting fins and extended surfaces into the PCM, embedding heat pipes or other two-phase heat transfer devices within the PCM, dispersion of highly conductive nanoparticles in the PCM, and impregnation of highly conductive porous media with the PCM. The current study analyzes the effect of a fin-based enhancement technique on the thermal performance of a latent heat thermal energy storage unit. Copper fins are attached annually around the central pipe inside the PCM. A transient two-dimensional numerical model technique is developed using ANSYS FLUENT 19.0 to simulate the operation of the system. Baseline tests have been conducted experimentally for a system without fins to validate the numerical model. The results obtained from the numerical modeling are in good agreement with those of the experimental testing. Based on the experimental testing, the total charging time of the system using hot water at 70°C and flow rate of 7.57 L/min is around 47.9 hours which is very close to the prediction by the numerical model which is 48 hours. Numerical modeling of the system with 10 fins and 20 fins found that the charging time was decreased by 68.9% and 73.7%, respectively. The discharging time was also decreased by 73.2% and 79.1%, respectively.
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Chukwu, S., E. Ogbonnaya, and L. Weiss. "Fabrication, Testing, and Enhancement of a Thermal Energy Storage Device Utilizing Phase Change Materials." In ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and M. ASME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2012-58309.
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Borquist, E., E. Ogbonnaya, S. Thapa, D. Wood, and L. Weiss. "Copper Plated Microchannel Heat Exchanger for MEMS Application." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2014-21927.
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Demand for increased density circuit architecture, micro- and nano-scale devices, and the overall down-scaling of system components has driven research into understanding transport phenomena at reduced scales. One method to enhance transport processes is the utilization of mini-, micro-, or nano-channels which drive uniform temperature and velocity profiles throughout the system. This work specifically examines a unique heat exchanger. The exchanger is developed as a closed system, with 300μm width channels, fabricated entirely with copper. The heat exchanger has been designed for widespread use in varied environments. Further, the exchanger is working fluid non-specific, allowing for different fluids to be specified for various temperature ranges. The system design can be used equally well as a standalone heat exchanger or coupled with another device to provide a thermal energy storage system. Fabricating the heat exchanger with copper for the substrate as well as the channels themselves allows the exchanger to maintain a high thermal conductivity which aides in the fluid energy transference. The exchanger was fabricated to be a closed system removing any excess equipment such as pumps. In testing, the exchanger showed thermal absorption of 2.2kW/m2 given input of 2.63kW/m2 and working fluid amounts of 37μL. The general design and use of copper in the exchanger allowed maximum absorption of 84% of the input with operation below the boiling point of the working fluid.
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Kazmierczak, Michael J., Sreenidhi Krishnamoorthy, and Abhishek Gupta. "Experimental Testing of a Thermoelectric-Based Hydronic Cooling and Heating Device With Transient Charging of Sensible Thermal Energy Storage Water Tank." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-69235.
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Experiments were performed to charge either cold or hot water thermal energy storage tanks using a heat exchanger equipped with multiple thermoelectric (TE) modules. The primary objective was to design a simple, but effective, modular Peltier heat pump system component to provide chilled or hot water for domestic use at the appliance level, and when arranged in multiple unit combinations, a system that can potentially satisfy small home cooling and heating requirements. Moreover, when the TEs are directly energized using solar PV panels, the system provides a renewable, pollution free and off-the-grid solution to supplement home energy needs. The present work focuses on the design and testing of a thermoelectric heat exchanger component that consists of two water channels machined from two aluminum plates with an array of three or five thermoelectric modules placed in between to transiently cool and/or heat the water in the thermal energy storage tank. The water passing over either the cold or hot side of the TE modules is recirculated to charge the cold or hot thermal storage tank, respectively. The temperatures in the prototype Peltier heat exchanger test component and thermal energy water storage tank were measured during both cold tank charging and hot tank charging operation. The thermal efficiencies of TE heat pump cooling/heating system are reported. The effects of TE power input, number of TE units and rate of fluid flow are studied.
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Theroff, Zachary M., Dre Helmns, and Van P. Carey. "Exploration of Variable Conductance Effects During Input and Extraction of Heat From Phase Change Thermal Storage." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88078.
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Previous efforts to model the effectiveness of heat input and extraction from a thermal storage unit have generally been based on the definition of a constant conductance of heat from the working fluid to the phase change storage material. In order to capture the effects of changing thermal resistance between the working fluid and melt front location, this paper presents a method using a resistor network analogy to account for thermal conductance as a function of melt fraction. This expression for thermal conductance is then implemented in an existing numerical framework. Results are validated by comparing calculations for a single unit cell using a quasi-steady Stefan problem approach, a finite difference scheme, and more general form solutions from literature. The variable approach is then compared with an average value for overall thermal conductivity, U, to characterize the performance of a thermal energy storage unit consisting of a series of these unit cells. Overall effectiveness in the thermal energy storage device is found to be within 0.6% agreement when comparing these methods, though local percent deviation can be as high as 113%. Depending on the needed accuracy and use case for such a numerical framework, suggestions are provided on whether an average value for U is sufficient for characterizing such a thermal energy storage device. Discussion is also provided on the flexibility of the computation schemes described by testing the sensitivity of the results via changes in dimension-less input parameters.
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Rahangdale, Unique, Pavan Rajmane, Abel Misrak, and Dereje Agonafer. "A Computational Approach to Study the Impact of PCB Thickness on QFN Assembly Under Drop Testing With Package Power Supply." In ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2017-74278.
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Most of the electronic devices manufactured are used in daily life and with the miniaturization process of these devices, in the day to day life there is a risk of drop impact failure. It has been important to analyze and ensure the reliability of any electronic devices under every type of loading. Drop impact is not only loading that can affect reliability, but the simultaneous thermal load, moisture, convection is also acting. Smaller devices like cell phones, laptops, tablets are more prone to accidental impact loads which create board interconnects failure by frequent drop occurrence. Therefore, a multi-dimensional approach is taking place in research to study product reliability. In this paper, comprehensive study of drop and shock test is done on Quad Flat No-lead (QFN) package board of two different thickness. The computation setup is done with thermal analysis by providing power to die of the package which creates non-uniform temperature distribution during the drop testing analysis. This way drop test is coupled with a thermal load which is more realistic analysis. Our study depends on young’s modulus, density, CTE, thermal conductivity, specific heat and Poisson’s ratio of the material. Therefore, Experimental work includes material properties characterization of two boards to get temperature dependent Coefficient of thermal expansion, poison’s ratio and young’s modulus values using Thermal mechanical analyzer (TMA), the Dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and Universal testing machine. Finite element analysis (FEA) method is used for computational analysis. Effect of impact loading for two boards has been done to investigate board and solder joint reliability due thickness and layer stack-ups in PCBs in environmental condition and at elevated temperature. For computational analysis, the assembly is subjected to the drop test per JEDEC standards. [12] The main purpose of this work is to study the impact of drop test with the powered package and how the reliability of any assembly changes with changing the stiffness of printed circuit board. The comparison of the boards has been made to understand the effect of PCB layer stack-ups, thickness, and temperature effect on the reliability of solder interconnects by considering the stress-strain generation that is induced in the PCBs during the drop test.
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Özdemir, Ozan Ç., Taylor N. Suess, Todd M. Letcher, and Stephen P. Gent. "Investigating the Structural Properties of Corn Stover at Macro and Fiber Levels." In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18164.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze structural properties of biomass materials, namely corn stover. The structural properties of the biomass corn stover are examined at macro and fiber levels by performing a series of tests including three-point bending and tensile strength. Results of the stated tests are statistically analyzed. The goal of this analysis is to test the strength under loading from various directions to gather a full understanding of the structural properties of corn stalk fibers. Tests are performed using universal testing machines (UTMs). The results of these studies will be used to compile a database of the structural properties of biomass. These properties have the potential to be used in finite element computer simulations for structural analysis and bulk solid flows. The bulk fluid motion of the pulverized/chopped biomass can be simulated in storage and transportation equipment, including auguring screws and pneumatic conveyance systems, as well as devices for feeding biomass feedstocks in biorefineries. Traditional biochemical and thermochemical reactors operate as batch systems because of the difficulty of feeding the biomass feedstock in a continuous manner. Having a clearer background about the structural and rheological properties of biomass feedstock will help simulate and design the bulk-solid flows within storage bins and conveyance systems.
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Saad, Messiha, Darryl Baker, and Rhys Reaves. "Thermal Characterization of Carbon-Carbon Composites." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64061.
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Thermal properties of materials such as specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity are very important in the engineering design process and analysis of aerospace vehicles as well as space systems. These properties are also important in power generation, transportation, and energy storage devices including fuel cells and solar cells. Thermal conductivity plays a critical role in the performance of materials in high temperature applications. Thermal conductivity is the property that determines the working temperature levels of the material, and it is an important parameter in problems involving heat transfer and thermal structures. The objective of this research is to develop thermal properties data base for carbon-carbon and graphitized carbon-carbon composite materials. The carbon-carbon composites tested were produced by the Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process using T300 2-D carbon fabric and Primaset PT-30 cyanate ester. The graphitized carbon-carbon composite was heat treated to 2500°C. The flash method was used to measure the thermal diffusivity of the materials; this method is based on America Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM E1461 standard. In addition, the differential scanning calorimeter was used in accordance with the ASTM E1269 standard to determine the specific heat. The thermal conductivity was determined using the measured values of their thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and the density of the materials.
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Manzanas, Carlos, Xiao Jiang, John A. Lednicky, and Z. Hugh Fan. "Development of Ball-Enabled Miniaturized Valves for Sample Preparation and Microheaters for Pathogen Detection." In ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2020-20379.
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Abstract There have been numerous Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks in the past few years, representing a public health problem. The recommended tests for the diagnosis of Zika infections are performed in a laboratory setting. However, diagnostics platforms at the point-of-care (POC) are highly desirable for understanding and preventing ZIKV transmission. To address this need, we have developed a testing platform that (1) can be operated in the field for pathogen detection, (2) is rapid, cost-effective, and reliable, and (3) does not require a power supply. To realize the platform, we have developed (1) a series of ball-based valves for the storage and sequential delivery of reagents and (2) microheater-enabled RNA amplification, both of which are integral components of this POC device. The multiple reagents are needed for virus lysis, RNA enrichment and purification. These ball-based are employed for fluid-control and they are actuated manually by sliding the unit and a pole under it, which can lift the balls. Nucleic acid amplification is then performed by a smart coffee mug that provides a constant temperature for reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), followed by colorimetric detection. We have demonstrated the detection of Zika virus in human urine and saliva samples using this testing platform.
Reports on the topic "Heat storage devices Testing"
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Harding, D. C., J. G. Bobbe, D. R. Stenberg, and M. Arviso. Radiant heat testing of the H1224A shipping/storage container. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10155125.
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Kelly, Michael, Paul Hlava, and Douglas Brosseau. Testing thermocline filler materials and molten-salt heat transfer fluids for thermal energy storage systems used in parabolic trough solar power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/919178.
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