Relevant bibliographies by topics / HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 October 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL"

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Simonson, C. J., and R. W. Besant. "Heat and Moisture Transfer in Energy Wheels During Sorption, Condensation, and Frosting Conditions." Journal of Heat Transfer 120, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824339.

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A numerical model for coupled heat and moisture transfer with sorption, condensation, and frosting in rotary energy exchangers is presented and validated with experimental data. The model is used to study condensation and frosting in energy wheels. Condensation/frosting increases with humidity and at some humidity level, water/frost will continually accumulate in the wheel. The sensitivity of condensation and frosting to wheel speed and desiccant type are studied. The energy wheel performance is also presented during both sorption and saturation conditions for a desicant coating with a Type I sorption isotherm (e.g., molecular sieve) and a linear sorption isotherm (e.g., silica gel). Simulation results show that the desiccant with a linear sorption curve is favorable for energy recovery because it has better performance characteristics and smaller amounts of condensation/frosting for extreme operating conditions.
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Tian, Xiaochao, Zhicong Wang, Sida Zhang, Shenfang Li, Jinlong Liu, Jiaying Lin, Feifei Wang, Zhigang Yang, and Jinzhi Zhu. "Simulation Analysis and Experimental Study of Piezoelectric Power Generation Device Based on Shape Memory Alloy Drive." Scanning 2022 (January 10, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1236270.

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In order to solve the problem of waste heat collection from energy consumption, a thermal energy generation device combining shape memory alloy and piezoelectric materials has been designed. The shape memory alloy is heated and deformed to drive the drive wheel continuously, and the impact wheel is deformed against the piezoelectric cantilever beam during the rotation of the drive wheel to generate electricity. In this paper, the impact force generated by the impact wheel and the output voltage of the piezoelectric cantilever beam during the rotation process are given. Finally, the experimental test shows that the larger the radius of the drive wheel, the lower the impact force of the wheel and the lower the output voltage of the piezoelectric cantilever beam; the larger the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire, the higher the impact force of the wheel and the higher the output voltage of the piezoelectric cantilever beam; the more teeth of the drive wheel, the higher the impact frequency of the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the higher the output voltage. The maximum output voltage of the thermoelectric converter is 14.2 V, when the drive wheel radius is 13 mm, the shape memory alloy wire diameter is 1 mm and the number of impact wheel teeth is 6. The new structural design provides a new structural model for waste heat recovery and thermal energy generation technology. The new structural design provides a new approach and idea for waste heat recovery and thermal energy generation technology.
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., Manu Prakash. "QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF INDOOR AIR BY USING HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 01, no. 04 (April 25, 2012): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2012.0104002.

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Wallin, Jörgen, and Joachim Claesson. "Improving heat recovery using retrofitted heat pump in air handling unit with energy wheel." Applied Thermal Engineering 62, no. 2 (January 2014): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.09.059.

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Men, Yiyu, Xiaohua Liu, Tao Zhang, Xi Xu, and Yi Jiang. "Novel flue gas waste heat recovery system equipped with enthalpy wheel." Energy Conversion and Management 196 (September 2019): 649–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.06.026.

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Han, Xing, and Xu Zhang. "Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System Using Condensing Heat as the Regeneration Source. Part I: System Model." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6422.

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In this paper, a scheme of hybrid desiccant dehumidification system was proposed. This system can recovery the condensing heat from the vapor compression refrigeration unit to remove moisture from the air. But the trick of energy saving is the sensible heat exchanger after the desiccant rotary wheel. After analysis of its energy consumption characteristic, the system model was established.
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Kassai, Miklos. "Experimental investigation of carbon dioxide cross-contamination in sorption energy recovery wheel in ventilation system." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 4 (November 27, 2017): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417744733.

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The aim of this research was to investigate the scale of carbon dioxide recirculation in rotary energy wheel operated in air handling units. To achieve this objective, a test facility was installed into the indoor air quality and thermal comfort laboratory of BUTE University. A newly developed molecular 3 Å sieve sorption wheel with high humidity transfer efficiencies is integrated into the experimental setup. In this research study, carbon dioxide cross-contamination rate from the exhaust side into the supply side in sorption regenerative air-to-air rotary energy exchanger was conducted by experimental tests. During the study, the correlation between the carbon dioxide cross-contamination, different rotational speeds of the wheel and different volume flow rates of supply air were also investigated in detail. Based on the results, a rotation speed diagram – carbon dioxide cross-contamination diagram – is plotted which can be very useful for researchers, developers and building service engineers in practice. Practical application: The most perfect energy exchanger can transfer both heat and moisture, thus providing a pleasant indoor air quality in the conditioned space. It is beneficial if the exchanger can transfer heat and moisture between the supply and exhaust airstreams, thereby minimizing the capacity and energy consumption of the required auxiliary heater and humidifier. The auxiliary energy reduction can be especially high if the sorption material of the energy wheel is of type 3 Å molecular sieve that has an extremely high humidity transfer capacity. The disadvantage of the rotary energy recovery is the cross-contamination from the exhaust air to the supply air. This is very important because in places such as offices, schools, public institutions, carbon dioxide cross-contamination can cause degradation of indoor air quality.
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Han, Xing, and Xu Zhang. "Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System Using Condensing Heat as the Regeneration Source. Part II: Energy Saving Potential." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6431.

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Based on the system model of hybrid desiccant cooling system using condensing heat as the regeneration source, the solution is given to investigate the system characteristic. The result showed that, when the outdoor air humidity ratio is below 18.5g/kg and indoor dehumidification load is below 1.5kg/h, the energy consumption of this system is lower than the enthalpy recovery air-conditioning system. If not, due to the high energy consumption of electrical heating, the desiccant wheel using condensing heat and electrical heat is not suitable for the humid areas.
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Min, Yunran, Yi Chen, Wenchao Shi, and Hongxing Yang. "Applicability of indirect evaporative cooler for energy recovery in hot and humid areas: Comparison with heat recovery wheel." Applied Energy 287 (April 2021): 116607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116607.

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Kassai, Miklos. "Energy Performance Investigation of a Direct Expansion Ventilation Cooling System with a Heat Wheel." Energies 12, no. 22 (November 8, 2019): 4267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224267.

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Climate change is continuously bringing hotter summers and because of this fact, the use of air-conditioning systems is also extending in European countries. To reduce the energy demand and consumption of these systems, it is particularly significant to identify further technical solutions for direct cooling. In this research work, a field study is carried out on the cooling energy performance of an existing, operating ventilation system placed on the flat roof of a shopping center, located in the city of Eger in Hungary. The running system supplies cooled air to the back office and storage area of a shop and includes an air-to-air rotary heat wheel, a mixing box element, and a direct expansion cooling coil connected to a variable refrigerant volume outdoor unit. The objective of the study was to investigate the thermal behavior of each component separately, in order to make clear scientific conclusions from the point of view of energy consumption. Moreover, the carbon dioxide cross-contamination in the heat wheel was also analyzed, which is the major drawback of this type heat recovery unit. To achieve this, an electricity energy meter was installed in the outdoor unit and temperature, humidity, air velocity, and carbon dioxide sensors were placed in the inlet and outlet section of each element that has an effect on the cooling process. To provide continuous data recording and remote monitoring of air handling parameters and energy consumption of the system, a network monitor interface was developed by building management system-based software. The energy impact of the heat wheel resulted in a 624 kWh energy saving and 25.1% energy saving rate for the electric energy consumption of the outdoor unit during the whole cooling period, compared to the system without heat wheel operation. The scale of CO2 cross-contamination in the heat wheel was evaluated as an average value of 16.4%, considering the whole cooling season.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL"

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Wang, Wen-Chung. "Design and analysis of an energy efficient dehumidification system for drying applications." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/17209.

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The motivation of this research project was in response to problems of re-condensation in drying, reduced drying rate encountered by the food and beverage packaging industry which led to the aim of developing a better performing drying system as well as achieving high energy efficiency. A hybrid dryer suited for rapid drying applications is designed, constructed and experimentally tested and considered in atmospheric environment only. The system employs a heat pump in conjunction with a heat reactivated desiccant wheel to provide an efficient drying capability and supply low dew point temperature (DPT) conditions. The combined system utilises the heat dissipated by the condenser in regenerating the desiccant wheel, to increase the economic feasibility of such a hybrid system. Up to 60% heat energy can be saved by using the hybrid system in the rapid surface drying applications. Mathematical models are developed to obtain the correlations among the design operating and performance parameters of the dehumidification systems. The mathematical models can be used to estimate the performance of the hybrid system as well as the performance of the individual components of the system. A prototype model was designed, fabricated and tested. The experimental facility consisted of a heat pump desiccant dehumidifier with the new ecological R134a as a refrigerant which used the heat dissipated by the condenser. An analysis of the experimental data was conducted to determine the practical relationship between the operational parameters (COP, ma and TR) and performance parameters (SMER, DPT and ε) of the system. The observed behaviours of the test cases are suggested to be governed by a specific combination of the operation parameters. The analysis shows that the proposed hybrid system can deliver supply air at a much lower DPT compared with the single refrigerant circuit and a desiccant wheel. It is shown that the specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) for conventional dryers is 0.5 - 1 kg/kWh and SMER for heat pump based system is 3 - 4 kg/kWh whereas the hybrid system achieves SMER >5 kg/kWh. By operating the combined system in tandem, a greater amount of dehumidification could be realised due to the improved ratio of latent to the total load. The present research also confirms the importance of improving heat recovery to improve the performance of a heat-pump-assisted drying system.
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TUMBER, SANIL. "DESIGN AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL USED IN HVAC SYSTEM OF A BUILDING." Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/15524.

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Heat Recovery Wheel is a type of heat exchanger positioned between the supply and exhaust air streams of an air handling system of a building. It is also known as a rotary heat exchanger or a rotary air to air enthalpy wheel. This heat exchanger pre cools the fresh air entering the building by removing the heat from the return air stream and providing the same to the fresh air stream. This reduces the load on the central chillers. The aim of the project was to evaluate the payback period of the heat recovery wheel in an office building in Kolkata by doing an economic analysis with respect to the conventional system. In order for the Payback period to be less and economically feasible, the operational costs of the Heat Recovery Wheel should be significantly less in comparison to the conventional system so as to offset its high capital cost. Below are the various costs of both the systems and the Payback period associated with the Heat Recovery Wheel: Capital Cost with Heat Recovery Wheel 66 Lakhs Capital Cost without Heat Recovery Wheel 23 Lakhs Operational Cost with Heat Recovery Wheel 72 Lakhs Operational Cost without Heat Recovery Wheel 93 Lakhs Therefore from the above data the Payback Period comes out to be 2.1 years which is economically feasible and after which the Heat Recovery Wheel would continue to give substantial energy and electrical savings for the rest of its life. The result shows significant potential that Heat Recovery Wheels have in modern day mechanical ventilation of buildings and why they should be promoted an building regulations.
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(11181858), Yu-Wei Hung. "Simulation and Optimization of Desiccant-Based Wheel integrated HVAC Systems." Thesis, 2021.

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Energy recovery ventilation (ERV) systems are designed to decrease the energy consumed by building HVAC systems. ERV’s scavenge sensible and latent energy from the exhaust air leaving a building or space and recycle this energy content to pre-condition the entering outdoor air. A few studies found in the open literature are dedicated to developing detailed numerical models to predict or simulate the performance of energy recovery wheels and desiccant wheels. However, the models are often computationally intensive, requiring a lot of time to perform parametric studies. For example, if the physical characteristics of a study target change (e.g., wheel diameter or depth) or if the system runs at different operating conditions (e.g., wheel rotation speed or airflow rate), the model parameters need to be recalculated. Hence, developing a mapping method with better computational efficiency, which will enable the opportunity to conduct extensive parametric or optimal design studies for different wheels is the goal of this research. In this work, finite difference method (FDM) numerical models of energy recovery wheels and desiccant wheels are established and validated with laboratory test results. The FDM models are then used to provide data for the development of performance mapping methods for an energy wheel or a desiccant wheel. After validating these new mapping approaches, they are employed using independent data sets from different laboratories and other sources available in the literature to identify their universality. One significant characteristic of the proposed mapping methods that makes the contribution unique is that once the models are trained, they can be used to predict performance for other wheels with different physical geometries or different operating conditions if the desiccant material is identical. The methods provide a computationally efficient performance prediction tool; therefore, they are ideal to integrate with transient building energy simulation software to conduct performance evaluations or optimizations of energy recovery/ desiccant wheel integrated HVAC systems.
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Book chapters on the topic "HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL"

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Fan, Hong, and Liu Chen. "Analysis of Heat and Mass Exchange Performance of Enthalpy Recovery Wheel." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 489–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9524-6_52.

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Rabecchi, Lucas José Paskevicius, Maria Thereza de Moraes Gomes Rosa, and Míriam Tvrská de Gouvêa. "Using Thermal Wheels for LAFIQ/Fiocruz Air Conditioning System Heat Recovery." In Proceedings of the 8th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym’22), 419–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31007-2_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL"

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Zhai, Chaoqin, David H. Archer, and John C. Fischer. "The Performance of an Enthalpy Recovery Wheel in Ventilation of CMU’s IW." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13763.

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The operating performance of an enthalpy recovery wheel exchanging heat and moisture between outside and exhaust air streams in the ventilation system of Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)'s Intelligent Workplace (IW) has been measured during the winter of 2006. The test has been performed using manufacture-installed instrumentation and supplementary temperature and humidity data loggers placed at various locations in the machine. The testing indicates that the operation of this wheel has reduced the heating load for ventilating the IW by 77%. Field testing performance agrees well with the lab testing data, which shows 82% heat recovery effectiveness under the same air flow settings used in field testing. The measured data have been analyzed to establish the heat balance over the wheel and to determine the effect of wheel purge on this balance. The measured data have also been analyzed on the basis of heat transfer principles to relate the performance of the wheel to its design parameters and operating conditions. Finally, the lessons learned in field testing of a commercial enthalpy recovery wheel are presented.
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Zhai, Chaoqin, David H. Archer, and John C. Fischer. "Integration of the Active Desiccant Wheel in CHP System Design." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54190.

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A solid desiccant based ventilation system has been installed to provide ventilation, and cooling/heating as needed, to the Intelligent Workplace (IW) of Carnegie Mellon University, as part of the IW Energy Supply System (IWESS). Since its installation, extensive testing data have been collected and analyzed to characterize the operating performance and cost of each major component, namely the enthalpy recovery module, the active desiccant module, the heat pump module, and the overall system. It has been determined that the active desiccant wheel is expensive to operate due to the high price of natural gas in the current fuel market. In order to improve the energy efficiency and reduce the operating cost of the overall system, it has been proposed to regenerate the active desiccant wheel using the rejected heat from a bio diesel engine generator. Given the temperature and quantity of the rejected heat available, performance maps that relate the supply air temperature and humidity with various system operating variables have been constructed for the proposed integrated system, based on the predictions from an equation-based performance model of the active desiccant wheel. Using the IWESS project as a specific example, a procedure has been outlined for developing operating strategies for the active desiccant wheel integrated Combined Heating and Power (CHP) system.
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Polgolla, A. M. C. K., H. M. D. P. Herath, M. D. A. Wickramasinghe, M. A. Wijewardane, and R. A. C. P. Ranasinghe. "Investigation on the Effect of Different Channel Geometries of Thermal Wheel for Energy Transfer Efficiency." In ERU Symposium 2021. Engineering Research Unit (ERU), University of Moratuwa, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/eru.2021.9.

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Inside buildings, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are utilized to provide a comfortable environment. However, they account for a significant percentage of overall total energy consumption: in the United States, they account for about 50% of building final energy consumption and 20% of total energy consumption. [1]. The installation of a heat exchanger between the exhaust and fresh air streams is critical, owing to the significant energy savings. [2], [3]. Thermal wheels have recently gotten a lot of attention because of their high efficiency and low-pressure loss when compared to other energy recovery solutions [4]. The goal of this research is to give a comprehensive study and optimization of Thermal wheel design, with the goal of enhancing sensible effectiveness while reducing pressure loss based on channel shape.
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Gerlach, David W. "Design Concepts and Development of Elastomer Heat Engines/Pumps." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11933.

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Although ideal elastomer thermodynamics has been described by many authors, their use in heat engines/pumps remains a theoretical and pedagogical curiosity. Because elastomers can generate large forces with small temperature changes, they may be useful in low delta T heat engines for energy recovery and bottoming cycles. In addition, the greater density of solid versus gas or two-phase working substances may enable a more compact system. Elastomer heat engines described in the literature are reviewed and compared. Most designs use an eccentric wheel design presenting design problems in sealing and physically separating the hot and cold sides. In addition, a variety of designs for rotary motors using the linear contraction of a solid that have been developed for thermoelastic shape memory alloy and mechanochemical systems are also pertinent. Several heat pump prototypes were constructed where an ideally isothermal process was performed by stretching in contact with a hot and a cold heat transfer plate. However, the sliding friction on the plates prevented any measured cooling effect. Designs utilizing a continuous elastomer belt winding over various configurations of rollers or pulleys appear to be most suited to elastomer systems due to the flexibility of placement of the hot and cold reservoirs. A simplified two wheeled design is described.
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Shahsavar, Amin. "Analytical examination of the performance of a novel heat recovery unit consisting of a thermal wheel and a building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal system with PCM." In 2023 8th International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies (SpliTech). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/splitech58164.2023.10193214.

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Nnanna, A. G. Agwu, Erik Rolfs, James Taylor, and Karla Ariadny Freitas Ferreira. "Experimental Investigation of Hydraulic-Pneumatic Regenerative Braking System." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52935.

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Design and development of energy efficient vehicles is of paramount importance to the automobile industry. Energy efficiency can be enhanced through recovery of the kinetic energy lost in the form of waste heat during braking. The kinetic energy could be converted into a reusable energy source and aid in acceleration, hence the braking system would contribute to improving the overall efficiency of a vehicle. Hydraulic-Pneumatic Regenerative Braking (HPRB) systems are a hybrid drive system that works in tandem with a vehicle’s engine and drivetrain to improve efficiency and fuel-economy. A HPRB system functions by recovering the energy typically lost to heat during vehicle braking, and storing this energy as a reusable source that can propel a vehicle from a stop. The major advantages of a HPRB system are that a vehicle would not require its engine to run during braking to stop, nor would the engine be required to accelerate the vehicle initially from a stop. The benefit realized by this system is an increase in fuel-efficiency, reduced vehicle emissions, and overall financial savings. An HPRB system aids in slowing a vehicle by creating a drag on the driveline as it recovers and stores energy during braking. Therefore, HPRB system operation reduces wear by minimizing the amount of work performed by the brake pads and rotors. An experimental investigation of Hydraulic-Pneumatic Regenerative Braking (HPRB) system was conducted to measure the system’s overall efficiency and available power output. The HPRB in this study is a 1/10th lab-scale model of a light-duty four wheel vehicle. The design/size was based on a 3500 lbs light-duty four wheel vehicle with an estimated passenger weight of 500 lbs. It was assumed that the vehicle can accelerate from 0–15 mph in 2 seconds. The aim of this work is to examine the effect of heat losses due to irreversibility on energy recovery. The experimental facility consisted of a hydraulic pump, two hydraulic-pneumatic accumulators, solenoid and relief valves, and data acquisition system. The HPRB system did not include any driveline components necessary to attach this system onto a vehicle’s chassis rather an electric motor was used to drive the pump and simulate the power input to the system from a spinning drive shaft. Pressure transducers, Hall effects sensor, and thermocouples were installed at suction and discharge sections of the hydraulic and pneumatic components to measure hydrodynamic and thermos-physical properties. The measured data were used to determine the system’s energy recovery and power delivery efficiency. Results showed that the HPRB system is capable of recovering 47% of the energy input to the system during charging, and 64% efficient in power output during discharging with an input and output of 0.33 and 0.21 horsepower respectively. Inefficiencies during operation were attributed to heat generation from the gear pump but especially due to the piston accumulator, where heat loss attributed to a 12% reduction in energy potential alone.
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Okposio, David, A. G. Agwu Nnanna, and Harvey Abramowitz. "Net-Zero Water (NZW) Reuse Desiccant Assisted Evaporative Cooling System for Data Centers." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11870.

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Abstract The cooling effect of evaporative cooling systems is well documented in literature. Evaporative cooling however introduces humidity into the cooled space, which is unsuitable for data centers. Desiccants (liquid, solid or composites) adsorb moisture from the cooled air to control humidity and is regenerated using waste heat from the data center. This work is an experimental and theoretical investigation of the use of desiccant assisted evaporative cooling for data center cooling according to ASHRAE thermal guideline TC 9.9 . The thickness of the cooling pads is varied with specific surface area, velocity of air through the pad measured, the product of the air velocity and surface area yields the volumetric flowrate of the air, the water flow rate varied as well. The configuration is such that the rotary desiccant wheel (impregnated with silica gel) comes after the evaporative cooler. A novel water recovery system using the Peltier effect is proposed to recover moisture from the return air stream thereby optimizing the water consumption of evaporative cooling technology and providing suitable air quality for data center cooling.
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Nobrega, Carlos Eduardo, and Nieckele A. "Analysis of Enthalpy Recovery Wheels." In 9th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-2933.

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Meng, Lingshuai, Lin Xu, Junyi Zou, Jia Mi, and Sijing Guo. "Design and Analysis of Parallel Interconnection Hydraulic-Electric Energy-Harvesting Active Radial Steering Bogie System." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2263.

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With the increasing of the train load, the wheel-rail wear is worsening, the maintaining and replacing cycle is shortened enormously, the problem of replacing steel rail and wheel prematurely not only make the railway transportation cost increasing, but also affect the railway normal transportation. This paper proposes a novel type of active energy self-supply radial steering technology — the parallel interconnection hydraulic-electric energy-harvesting active radial steering bogie system. This system is a typical “machine – electric – hydraulic” coupling system, which includes parallel interconnection hydraulic-electric energy-harvesting suspension and active radial steering bogie, consisting of mechanical, electronic, hydraulic and control subsystems internally. In this system, the radial steering bogie is equipped with four HESA, and HESA can reuse the mechanical vibration energy which used to be transformed into waste heat by the shock absorber. In this system, the mechanical vibration energy is now used to drive power module of active radial steering bogie, so as to implement the train’s active radial steering without external power supply. This paper discusses the evolution of radial steering bogie in general, and introduces the structure and basic principle of the parallel interconnection electro-hydraulic energy-harvesting active radial steering bogie system. The system establishes a model of the parallel interconnection hydraulic-electric energy-harvesting shock absorber. The typical vertical irregularity of American track is established. In the paper, we research on the system’s damping performance and energy recovery performance through stimulation. Simulation results show that the maximum vertical acceleration of train body is reduced from 42.9% to 62.3%, and the average energy recovery power from the system increases from 217W to 1835W when the system works at the six levels of track irregularities.
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Del Turco, Paolo, Alberto Scotti Del Greco, Daniele Natali, Robert Borys, and Roberto Biagi. "Design and Optimization of Radial Flow Wheels for a Waste Heat Recovery Double Supersonic Stage Turbo-Expander." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23649.

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Waste heat recovery cycles equipped with radial inflow turbines (turbo-expanders) typically dictate large pressure ratios per stage in order to increase the overall cycle efficiency. Depending on the operating conditions, supersonic flow may be reached at some location within the stage. The design of turbo-machinery in such an environment poses several challenges, the most important of which are preventing performance deterioration and High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) failure of the rotating, stressed material by avoiding resonance frequencies in the operating range. Turbo-expander wheels, being uncooled components, are generally not affected by high temperature gradients; therefore LCF (Low Cycle Fatigue) doesn’t constitute their main limiting life factor. This paper describes the process used in GE Oil & Gas to design and optimize the wheels of a 17MW double supersonic stage turbo-expander. The initial design phases, preliminary design assessments, CFD analyses and structural analysis optimization are described. Special focus is given to the modal analysis and resonance identification (i.e., Modal Cyclic Analysis) used in the design phase. A critical review of the use of the SAFE interference diagram in place of the Campbell diagram is also provided.
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