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Journal articles on the topic 'Heat content; Capacity; Casting'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Kolokoltsev, V. M., A. S. Savinov, and A. S. Tuboltseva. "Prediction of Temperature Fields in the System “Casting and a Damp Sandy-Argillaceous Mold”." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.640.

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The function of the equivalent heat capacity that takes into account the heat consumption for heating and evaporation of water in the layer of sand with initial moisture content 2 - 10% has been obtained in the work. The function found allows taking into consideration the temperature change of the specific heat capacity of silicon oxide of sandy - argillaceous molds (SAM) and can be applied in the numerical solution of the heat conduction problem by a finite difference method.
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2

Ramírez-López, Adán, Omar Dávila-Maldonado, Alfonso Nájera-Bastida, Rodolfo D. Morales, Jafeth Rodríguez-Ávila, and Carlos Rodrigo Muñiz-Valdés. "Analysis of Non-Symmetrical Heat Transfers during the Casting of Steel Billets and Slabs." Metals 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091380.

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The current automation of steelmaking processes is capable of complete control through programmed hardware. However, many metallurgical and operating factors, such as heat transfer control, require further studies under industrial conditions. In this context, computer simulation has become a powerful tool for reproducing the effects of industrial constraints on heat transfer. This work reports a computational model to simulate heat removal from billets’ strands in the continuous casting process. This model deals with the non-symmetric cooling conditions of a billet caster. These cooling conditions frequently occur due to plugged nozzles in the secondary cooling system (SCS). The model developed simulates the steel thermal behavior for casters with a non-symmetric distribution of the sprays in the SCS using different boundary conditions to show possible heat transfer variations. Finally, the results are compared with actual temperatures from different casters to demonstrate the predictive capacity of this algorithm’s approach.
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3

Krajewski, Paweł K., Grzegorz Piwowarski, and Witold K. Krajewski. "Determining Temperature Dependencies of Sand Mould Thermal Properties." Materials Science Forum 790-791 (May 2014): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.790-791.452.

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The presented work is aimed at determining thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity and heat capacity coefficients of silica quartz bentonite foundry sand. The values of the above thermo-physical properties were determined for temperature range of about 30 - 450 °C using theCasting measuring method[1-.The results obtained during the examinations presented in the paper can be useful when formulating boundary conditions in numerical models of heat and mass transfer in the system: casting mould ambient. TheCasting methodallows preserving real conditions during the experiment, i.e. contact of the mass with liquid metal and solidifying casting, and the obtained results are in a good agreement with the mean values available in literature. From the obtained results it follows that examinations should be also focused onthermo-physical properties vs. mass densitydependency.
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4

Yahaya, Bashir, E. M. Nazim, Mohd Hasbullah Idris, M. S. Dambatta, Mahmood Anwar, and Sudin Izman. "Thermal Response of Activated Charcoal Modified Investment Casting Moulds." Advanced Materials Research 1125 (October 2015): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.181.

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Direct microwave dewaxing of investment casting moulds is possible at the expense of time and poor heat distribution. Modifying the back-up stucco of investment casting moulds may enhance microwave absorption; however, it may affect its thermal properties. In this study, the effects of adding activated charcoal in the back-up stucco of the investment casting mould were investigated. Samples prepared without and with 25% activated charcoal were tested for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was observed that the specific heat capacity is higher in the samples added with activated charcoal. The DSC curves exhibit a smooth trend with no indication of exothermic or endothermic peaks in both samples. The glass transition temperature was also increased from 515.29°C to 582.24°C after modifying the contents. However, the TGA results show no significant difference in mass lost between the two samples that are about 2%. The DSC and TGA curves for both samples show similar patterns indicating that there is very close similarity in their thermal behaviour. Due to that, it can be concluded that the addition of activated charcoal in the back-up stucco does not induce an unusual reaction or thermal behaviour in the moulds.
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5

Suresh, R. "Development and Property Evaluation of Chilled MMC Prepared with LM25 as Matrix and SiO2 (Glass) Particulates as Dispersoids." Advanced Materials Research 1101 (April 2015): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1101.85.

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Main objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of dispersiod content and the effect of chill on the mechanical properties of chilled MMC with LM25 as matrix and SiO2as dispersoid. Investigation is carried out to evaluate Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), Fracture toughness, Hardness, and microstructure of chilled aluminum matrix and Glass particulate composite. The glass (SiO2) particles ranging from 30-to100µm were chosen as dispersiod and added, ranging from 3to 12wt% in steps of 3%. The composite was prepared by stir-casting technique and poured into the sand molds incorporated with non-metallic and metallic chills. Test result showed that this MMC was greatly influenced by the dispersiod and chills. Fracture toughness & UTS of the composite are found to depend on the wt% of the dispersiod and chilling medium. It is observed that chill has influenced hardness of the composite. Volumetric heat capacity (VHC) of the chill is found to increase the amount of heat absorbed. Microstructure analysis has reveled uniform distribution of the dispersiod, which results in improved properties of the particulate reinforced metal matrix composite.
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6

Lekhov, O. S., A. V. Mikhalev, and M. M. Shevelev. "Production of three-layer steel bimetallic strips in the unit of continuous casting and deformation. Report 1." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 8 (September 13, 2019): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-8-594-599.

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High technical and economic efficiency of the use of bimetals in chemical, oil, transport and energy engineering and other industries is described. The urgency of creating high-performance continuous processes for the production of bimetallic strips is substantiated. The authors have established the main technological tasks for development of the processes of obtaining bimetal of wide class. The paper describes resource-saving production technology of three-layer bimetals alloyed steel – constructional steel – alloyed steel at the unit of combined process of continuous casting and deformation. Possibilities of the proposed technology are outlined from the standpoint of improving the quality of bimetallic strips. The initial data are given to determine the temperature change over time of the main steel strip as it passes through the molten metal of the alloyed steel. The equations are given for non-stationary heat conduction, initial and boundary conditions for determining the temperature fields of main strip and cladding layer when obtaining a three-layer bimetallic strip on the unit of a combined process of continuous casting and deformation. The values of density, thermal conductivity and heat capacity for steel St3 were determined in a given temperature range. A procedure is described for calculating temperatures in the ANSYS package by solving a non-stationary heat conduction problem in a flat formulation by the finite element method. The authors have described the geometric model for calculating the temperature of strip and molten metal of the cladding layer. Values of the coefficient of heat transfer between the main strip and molten metal of the cladding layers of bimetallic strip are given adopted for calculation. Characteristic points are indicated in the model for calculating the temperatures of main strip and molten metal of the cladding layer. The graphs show temporal changes in these temperatures at production of a three-layer bimetallic strip on the unit of combined process of continuous casting and deformation. Calculated data on the time variation of temperature of main strip and molten metal of the cladding layer at characteristic points are given for different values of the contact heat transfer coefficient.
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7

Neagu-Cogălniceanu, Camelia. "Technique Achievement of Glass Objects Using Kiln Casting Method." Advanced Materials Research 837 (November 2013): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.61.

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In the context of the competitive actual environment, the production need to adapt to the preferences of the consumers, this represents the essential goal for all manufacturers. The production flexibility can be achieved by designing and marketing of new products or/and modify existing products in short time and at low cost. The technique presented in these article addresses of manufacturers and designers who made glass products unique or small series, adapted to consumer demands. In recent decades, digital fabrication methods are developed in various fields (aeronautics, shipbuilding, automotive, construction, architecture, industrial design and so on) and gained great popularity due to relevant advantages over the traditional production methods. Sculptural surfaces (also called free form surfaces) of the product with aestethetic requirements and/or functional role can be achieved through various technologies RP & M (Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing). The Rapid Prototyping technologies can be grouped unto two major categories. First one refers to additive processes RP. From this point of view there are over 40 different types such as: stereo lithography (SL), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), 3D Printing (3DP), Solid Ground Curring (GSC) and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The second one consists of subtractive Rapid Prototyping. Subtractive Rapid Prototyping (SRP) is one of the methods used for processing digital models into physical objects used for RP and for Rapid Tooling (RT). It is difficult to say what method is the best RP/RT; every one of them has advantages and disadvantages. The choice of the appropriate method depends on many factors, such as: product geometry, material type, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness on finished product, and so on. The starting point of this work consists in three photographs that are digitally processed to achieve the expansion of 2D in 3D structure. The expanded model is imported into computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software. The parameters required to processing on Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine are set, in order to obtain the shape of the casting mold. The schedule of heat treatment for glass is adapted according to the characterics of glass, mold material and the type of kiln. Rheological behaviour of glass has a key parameter in processing glass. The steps of kiln casting process (temperature ramps, heat treatment time) are choose at some values of viscosity (also called viscosity points ) related with glass type and size of object. The presented method can be successfully used in the manufacturing process offering to companies the possibility of increasing the capacity of new product development.
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8

Rejilin, D. R. Anand, R. Murugesan, and V. Bravin Ebanesh. "Flexural Performance of Geopolymer Concrete Modified with Pozzalonic Minerals and Secondary Reinforcement." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 15, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2018.7110.

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Concrete, the versatile building material is relevantly used for structural applications for its ease of application and in situ adaptability. Decline of raw materials, cost and environmental issues related to unsustainable usage of cement, persuades the construction industries for an alternate binder similar to cement. Geoploymer concrete known for its eco-friendly manufacturing process and economic approach makes the, GPC a viable substitute for cement concrete. At elevated temperature, GPC undergoes polymerisation reaction and develops three dimensional amorphous components which exhibits enriched mechanical properties. To achieve the in-situ application of geoploymer concrete and to overcome the requirement of heat during polymerisation reaction, fly ash based GPC was modified with different proportions of GGBS and OPC and curing it with ambient temperature for enhancing its mechanical behaviour. Variation in temperature during the initial stages of casting process produces micro cracks which are prevented by addition of Secondary reinforcements which furthermore improved the mechanical properties. A constant percentage of GUJCON fiber as secondary reinforcement was added to all the modified proportions. The fly ash based GPC replaced with GGBS and OPC showed improved split and compressive strength at 100% and 40%. Further improvement of strength was observed with 12% replacement of GGBS with OPC to GGBS based GPC. The flexural performance of the modified GPC with optimum proportions of GGBS and OPC was compared with conventional cement concrete beam. The percentage increase in strength of GGBS based GPC with optimum OPC content when compared with conventional specimens showed 53% improvement in strength. When fibre reinforcement was added in prescribed quantity, it promoted the mechanical strength and reduced micro cracks by which the load carrying capacity was increased to 66%. The structural performance of modified GPC was found to be suitable for in situ applications in ambient curing condition.
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9

Hampl, M., J. Leitner, K. Růžička, M. Straka, and P. Svoboda. "Heat capacity and heat content of BiNb5O14." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 87, no. 2 (December 11, 2006): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-006-7732-x.

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10

Amin, M. Ruhul. "Thermal Analysis During Continuous Casting Process Using Effective Heat Capacity Method." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 14, no. 2 (April 2000): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.6528.

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11

Jacob, K. T., G. Rajitha, G. M. Kale, A. Watson, and Z. Wang. "High-temperature heat capacity and heat content of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO)." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 488, no. 1 (November 2009): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.010.

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12

Moon, B. M., Bong Hwan Kim, Je Sik Shin, and Sang Mok Lee. "Permanent Mold Casting Practice and Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Thin-Sectioned ADI Casting." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.531.

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For thin-walled casting development of austempered ductile iron (ADI), permanent mold casting and accompanied heat treatment practice were systematically investigated to suppress and/or remove chill defects of ductile cast iron (DCI) with various thickness of 2 to 9 mm and to ensure mechanical properties of the final ADI casting. Si content was increased up to 3.8% to reduce the chill formation tendency under a high cooling rate. The residual Mg content remarkably affected the nodule count, while the nodule size and spherodization were proven to have weak relationships. Austenitizing process followed by austempering was very sensitive to chemical compositions (Si and Sn) and heat treatment temperature. As a practical application, the steel bar coupler for a structural frame was tried to produce without subsequent machining.
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13

DeTar, DeLos F. "Theoretical ab Initio Calculation of Entropy, Heat Capacity, and Heat Content." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 102, no. 26 (June 1998): 5128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp981195o.

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14

Korti, Abdel Illah Nabil, and Yahia Khadraoui. "A numerical simulation of the DC continuous casting using average heat capacity." Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy 33, no. 6 (December 2004): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0692.2004.00705.x.

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15

Prikhod’ko, O. G., V. B. Deev, E. S. Prusov, and A. I. Kutsenko. "Influence of thermophysical characteristics of alloy and mold material on castings solidification rate." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 5 (July 1, 2020): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-5-327-334.

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Obtaining castings of given quality is the main task of foundry production. One of the stages of casting technology is solidification of melt in the mold. When studying the process of castings solidification, it is necessary to fully take into account all the features of heat transfer between casting and mold. Influence of various thermophysical parameters of alloy and mold material on casting formation is considered. In the analysis, original mathematical models were used to calculate the coefficient and time of complete solidification of castings in sand-clay and metal forms. These models take into account geometric parameters of casting, main thermophysical parameters of casting metal and mold material, heat transfer conditions at crystallization front, on casting-mold boundary and on the mold surface. Analysis of dependence of time and rate of castings solidification on thermophysical parameters (heat capacity, density, heat conductivity of casting material and mold, specific heat of metal crystallization) was carried out. Storage capacity and process of heat storage are quite fully characterized by the value of heat storage coefficient. This coefficient practically determines the rate of heat loss by the casting which plays a decisive role in its properties forming. Therefore, this parameter is selected for a comprehensive analysis of thermal processes occurring in casting and mold. The influence of thickness and thermal conductivity of chill paint layer on solidification of castings in metal molds is considered. The basic calculation formulas and initial data are presented. Calculations were carried out for castings of the following types: endless plate, endless cylinder, ball. The results of simulation of solidification process parameters are presented in graphic form. Using various alloys as an example, it has been shown by calculation that when changing composition and properties of mold material, it is possible to change time and speed of alloys solidification in a wide range. In this case, processes of forming the structure and properties of castings are controlled.
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16

Zhao, Zhong, and Zi Tian Fan. "Influence of Vibration on the Heat Transfer of Lost Foam Casting Filling." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 1618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.1618.

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The vibration is superimposed to the filling process of aluminum and magnesium alloy in lost foam casting, and the flow lengths and the molten metal temperatures of the flow front are collected, and they compared with no-vibration. The results show that the vibration can significantly improve the filling capacity of the aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy in lost foam casting. Compared to the samples without vibration, the flow lengths of A356 alloy with vibration in lost foam casting increased by 33% and that of AZ91D alloy increased by 15%.The heat transfer of molten metal on the flow front was analyzed, and it indicates that the vibration energy extends the filling time of the molten metal on the flow front in lost foam casting.
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17

Yang, Shie Chen, Tsuo Fei Mao, Tzer Ming Jeng, Sheng Chung Tzeng, Tzung Ying Shie, Chih Liang Chen, and Po Tsun Chen. "A Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics of LED Heat Sink and Graphite Heat Sink Process Technology Development." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 819–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.819.

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This study investigated the heat transfer characteristics of LED heat sink and the development process technology of graphite heat sink with micro-sized metal powders. Employing the reverse engineering technology, the three-dimension LED heat sink entity was rebuilt and the heat transfer characteristics of LED heat sink were analyzed by CFD numerical simulation and experimental measurement. The numerical results were validated with experimental results and it showed a good agreement. The experimental and simulation results showed that the heat dissipation of LED device could be removed by natural convection effectively. The difference between the maximum temperature and minimum temperature of cooling efficiency was 10°C. For the process technology development of LED graphite heat sink, the graphite powder, metal powder and resin were mixed in specific ratios. The vacuum casting, vacuum pressure casting and rapid die technology were used to manufacture LED graphite heat sink. The experimental results showed that the LED graphite heat sinks developed in this study have advantages of low cost, light weight and attractive appearance as compared with the heat sink of aluminum alloy, and the overall heat transfer capacity is still within acceptable range.
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18

FABER, P., and L. GARBY. "Fat content affects heat capacity: a study in mice." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 153, no. 2 (February 1995): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1995.tb09850.x.

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19

Dević, Snezana, and R. Carli. "Effect of Wolastonite Mineral (CaO SiO2) Content in Continuous Casting Powder to SEN Erosion." Key Engineering Materials 352 (August 2007): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.352.107.

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The basic idea of the work was to analyze the effect of the wollastonite mineral CaO SiO2 content in the continuous casting powder related to the SEN erosion. In order to realize the research, experiments were conducted in the laboratory conditions. The research, experiment, was realized in the Magnohrom Kraljevo laboratory, and cryptonym furnace EV16 was used for refractory material behavior. Cut SEN pieces from the slag zone in the reduction atmosphere were treated in the furnace with three types of casting powder of different mixtures ratio of SRD1 (without wollastonite) and SRD2 (with wollastonite): Casting powder 1 - SRD1/SRD2 = 50/50 %, Casting powder 2 - SRD1/SRD2 = 25/75 % and Casting powder 3 - SRD1/SRD2 = 75/25 %. Temperature of the experiment was in the range of 15200C – 15400C, and treatment time was changed simulating the average casting time of the heat; one heat (45 min), two heats (90 min), and three heats (135 min). The experiment pointed out that the erosion of the SEN was reduced with the increased ratio of wollastonite in the casting powder. The erosion rate of the SEN exposed to the casting powder 2 in the laboratory conditions was 0.0055 mm/min, whilst the erosion rate of the SEN exposed to the casting powder 3 (with the least wollastonite content) was 0.0075 mm/min. Erosion rate of SEN exposed to the casting powder 2 was lower for the 26.27 % related to the casting powder 3, and 17.90% lower than the erosion rate of the casting powder 1 (the erosion rate of the casting powder 1 was 0.0067 mm/min). These laboratory experiments are very consistent with results obtained in the plant conditions [1,2,3]. At that time, results indicated that SRD1 casting powder without wollastonite has the erosion rate 46 % higher than SRD2 casting powder with wollastonite. On the basis of the laboratory researches and earlier plant conditions researches it could be concluded that wollastonite mineral content in the casting powders has significant effect on the SEN erosion, in the way that the SEN erosion rate was decreased with the increased wollastonite content in the casting powders.
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20

Abu-Hamdeh, Nidal H. "Specific Heat and Volumetric Heat Capacity of Granular Materials as Affected by Moisture and Density." Applied Mechanics and Materials 575 (June 2014): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.575.103.

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The granular materials examined in this study were some Saudian soils. The effect of water content and bulk density on the specific heat and volumetric heat capacity of two Saudian soils (sand and loam) was investigated through laboratory studies. These laboratory experiments used the calorimetric method to determine specific heat of soils. For the type of soils studied, specific heat increased with increased moisture content. Also, volumetric heat capacity increased with increased moisture content and soil density. The volumetric heat capacity and specific heat of soils observed were compared with independent estimates made using derived theoretical relations. The differences between the observed and predicted results were very small. Loam soil generally had higher specific heat and volumetric heat capacity than sandy soil for the same moisture content and soil density.
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21

Watari, Hisaki, Yoshimasa Nishio, Ryoji Nakamura, Keith Davey, and Nobuhio Koga. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Aluminum Content Magnesium Alloys Fabricated by Twin-Roll Casting Process." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1608–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1608.

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This paper describes the twin roll casting technology of magnesium alloys that contains relatively high weight ratio of aluminum, such as AM60, AZ91 and AZ121. The cast magnesium alloy sheets were hot-rolled in an elevated temperature to investigate the appropriate hot-rolling conditions for producing high-quality strip using a purpose-built strip-casting mill. The influences of such process parameters as materials of roll, casting temperature, and roll speed are ascertained. A simple method of predicting the convection heat transfer coefficient between casting rolls and molten metal is introduced. The microstructure of the manufactured wrought alloy sheets was observed to investigate the effects of the hot-rolling and heat-treatment conditions on crystal growth in the cast products. It is found that manufacturing thin magnesium alloy sheet was possible at a roll speed of 110m/min by a vertical type roll caster. The grain size of the manufactured wrought magnesium alloys sheet was less than 30 micrometers due to rapid solidification in the proposed process.
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22

Karthikeyan, B., S. Ramanathan, and V. Ramakrishnan. "Specific Heat Capacity Measurement of Al / SiCp Composites by Differential Scanning Calorimeter." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.669.

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Various materials are used to achieve a good “Thermal Control System” (TCS) of spacecraft. The performance of the TCS totally depends upon the thermal behaviour of the materials used in the elements of TCS. The measurements of the thermal properties of materials are fundamental for better understanding of the thermal design. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) is the most widely used thermal technique for obtaining a wealth of information about a material, especially for the specific heat measurement of a material. Stir casting technique was used to fabricate the 7075 aluminum alloy and 7075 Al / SiCp composites. The heat flow response is recorded as a function of actual sample temperature range from -1000 C to 4000 C. Specific heat characteristics of 7075 Al reinforced with different volume fraction of silicon carbide composites fabricated by stir casting method was analyzed.
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23

Li, Hui Rong, Li Gen Sun, and Li Qun Ai. "The Mould Flux Heat Conduction Performance Designing of High Carbon Steel for Thin Slab Continuous Casting." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 1313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.1313.

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Heat transfer of the mould flux between the mould and the strand is very complicated, especially for the high carbon steel thin slab continuous casting. In this research the orthogonal experiment has been carried out, and the results showed that: the effect for the heat flux form strong to weak is: R>Na2O>F>MgO>BaO. and in the experiment range, with the R increasing, when the R, Na2O content and the F- content are increasing, the heat flux would be decreasing; with the MgO content increasing, the crystallization temperature would getting fluctuant; with the BaO content increasing, the heat flux would getting fluctuant, when its content is around 6%, the heat flux is reach its summit.
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24

Möller, Heinrich, Gonasagren Govender, and Waldo Stumpf. "Comparison of the Heat Treatment Response of SSM-HPDC 6082 and 6004 Wrought Alloys with A356 and F357 Casting Alloys." Materials Science Forum 690 (June 2011): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.53.

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Semi-solid metal high pressure die casting was used to produce plates from traditional wrought Al-Mg-Si alloys 6082 and 6004, as well as from traditional casting Al-Si-Mg alloys A356 and F357. The high Si-content of the casting alloys offer several advantages, including a faster artificial aging response, higher strength for comparable Mg contents and less sensitivity to prior natural aging on peak strength. However, over-aging occurs earlier in the casting alloys than in the wrought alloys.
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Liu, Li Jun, Zhi Wen, Fu Yong Su, Rui Feng Dou, Xun Liang Liu, and Guo Feng Lou. "Research and Application of Integrated Scheduling Management System of Steelmaking-Casting-Rolling Based on Heat Process Model." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.1017.

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by studying steelmaking-casting-rolling production process, a mathematical model of integrated batch planning is established innovatively to minimize processing costs of whole line and computed by an intelligent optimization ant algorithm. On the premise of utilizing and coordinating capacity of steelmaking and rolling, the mathematical model of integrated batch planning can create integrated batch planning to combine steelmaking-casting-rolling closely according to each process constraint conditions and optimization objective. Furthermore, another mathematical model of job scheduling based on heat process model is proposed to not only guarantee the logistics balance between continuous casting and hot rolling, but also acquire the highest ratio of DHCR and lowest energy consumption.
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Zhao, Wenhui, Qian Su, Feng Han, and Wubin Wang. "Study on the Heat of Hydration and Strength Development of Cast-In-Situ Foamed Concrete." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (April 8, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9061819.

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This study aims to investigate the relationship between the heat of hydration and the strength development of cast-in-situ foamed concrete. First, indoor model tests are conducted to determine the effects of the casting density and the fly ash content on the hydration heat of foamed concrete in semiadiabatic conditions. Second, compression tests are carried out to evaluate the development of the compressive strength with the curing time under standard curing conditions and temperature matched curing conditions. Third, the hydration heat development of the foamed concrete is tested in four projects. The results showed that the peak temperature, the maximum temperature change rate, and the maximum temperature difference increased with the increase in the casting density at different positions in the foamed concrete. For the same casting density of the foamed concrete, the peak temperature, the maximum temperature change rate, and the maximum temperature difference decreased with the increase in the fly ash content. For the foamed concrete without the admixture, the early strength was significantly higher under temperature matched curing conditions than under standard curing conditions, but the temperature matched curing conditions had a clear inhibitory effect on the strength of the foamed concrete. The strengths during the early stage and the later stage were both improved under temperature matched curing conditions after adding the fly ash, and the greater the fly ash content, the larger the effect. The maximum temperature increments were higher in the indoor model test than in the field tests for the same casting density. Reasonable cooling measures and the addition of fly ash decreased the maximum temperature increments and increased the corresponding casting times.
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27

Sun, Zehui, Guoli Li, Zhe Qian, Weifei Li, and Jian Jing. "Lumped-Capacity Method for Easy Estimation of Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficients in Die Casting." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 8, no. 3 (June 2020): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmmm.2020.8.3.492.

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Chen, Hai Feng, and Feng Cao. "The Research and Application of Nuclear Power Valve Steel Casting by CAD / CAE Simulation Design and Refining Technology." Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (June 2011): 1293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.1293.

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With China cast CAE / InteCAST, we analyzed the ordinary valve casting parameters of solidification process, flow and heat transfer, and frequency smelting refining furnace used in the process of feeding wire, argon technology in the intermediate. Comparison-ray testing and physical anatomy of the results, we developed nuclear power valve steel casting process parameters. The results showed that the software forecast casting the shrinkage tendency of value; frequency smelting refining controlled sulfur, phosphorus and aluminum content; products fully comply with the ASTM A216/A216M overcome hot cracking defects, improving the casting ability of anti-fatigue.
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29

Yang, Jie, Dengfu Chen, Mujun Long, and Huamei Duan. "An Approach for Modelling Slag Infiltration and Heat Transfer in Continuous Casting Mold for High Mn–High Al Steel." Metals 10, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010051.

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To clarify the characteristics of slag infiltration and heat transfer behaviors in the meniscus region during the casting of high Mn–high Al steel, a mathematical model of a continuous casting mold that couples fluid flow with heat transfer, and solidification is developed. The model is based on the change in slag composition and properties caused by the steel/slag reaction. The formation and evolution of the meniscus profile and slag films for different mold fluxes during mold oscillation are described. The results show that the rapid growth of the slag rim with a high Al2O3 content approaches and deforms the meniscus so that a series of casting problems such as slag infiltration blocking, large fluctuations in heat flux, and even meniscus breaking occur in the continuous casting process. Predictions are in good agreement with plant measurements. These findings provide an improved understanding of the complex phenomena occurring in the meniscus region and give new insights into the evaluation and optimization of mold flux properties for high Mn–high Al steel casting.
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30

Zheng, Qingchun, Yinhong Xiao, Tao Zhang, Peihao Zhu, Wenpeng Ma, and Jingna Liu. "Numerical Simulation of Latent Heat of Solidification for Low Pressure Casting of Aluminum Alloy Wheels." Metals 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10081024.

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In this paper, aiming at focusses on many problems existing in the mathematical model of temperature change in the low-pressure casting solidification process of aluminum alloy wheel hub, there is a big gap between the simulation and the actual temperature change, which affects the research on the solidification defects of the wheel hub. In order to study the solidification behavior of aluminum alloy hub in low-pressure casting process, the mathematical model describing the temperature change in the process of casting solidification is established by using different solidification latent heat methods. through finite element simulation and experiment, the temperature change in the process of aluminum alloy (A356) solidification is obtained to compare the difference between the temperature change described by different mathematical models, simulation and experiment. The results show that the temperature numerical model of "the temperature compensation heat capacity method" proposed in this paper is most consistent with the simulation temperature change during the solidification process of the aluminum alloy wheel in the simulation mold, which lays a good theoretical foundation for the study of the low-pressure casting process of the aluminum alloy wheel hub.
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31

Demidenko, L. L. "Simulation of Power Efficient Cooling Technology for Continuously Cast Bars." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 1086–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.1086.

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The article describes a power efficient technology, allowing to preserve and maintain the heat content in a continuously cast bar at the production line “Continuous Casting Machine – Rolling Mill”. It considers a possibility of obtaining the maximum heat content in the continuously cast bar by means of rational cooling schedules in the secondary cooling zone. In order to maintain the achieved heat content in the bar, it is proposed to utilize heat insulation of the bar in the air cooling zone prior to its cutting-to-length. The article describes the design of the heat insulating shell in the CCM process scheme and the materials to be used for it. To analyze the interaction of heat flows between the bar and the shell in the heat insulation zone, the author has made a thermal balance of this zone. A mathematical model of the concast bar cooling with due consideration of the heat insulation zone and its implementation by means of numerical methods is described here. The application of numerical simulation has allowed to predict rational cooling schedules for the continuously cast bar and to determine the heat content of the bar at the exit from the continuous casting machine with respect to the heat insulation. According to the results of the simulation, there have been plotted the charts of temperature distribution along the CCM length, comparing the air cooling of the bar and its thermal conditioning in the heat insulation zone. These results confirm the effectiveness of utilizing heat insulation for maintaining the maximum heat content of the bar, which makes it possible to reduce the power costs for its heating prior to the rolling.
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32

Watari, Hisaki, Yoshimasa Nishio, Ryoji Nakamura, Keith Davey, and Nobuhio Koga. "Effect of Aluminum Content on Mechanical Properties of Cast Magnesium Alloy Sheets Fabricated by Twin-Roll Casting." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1077–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1077.

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This paper describes the twin-roll casting technology of magnesium alloys that contain relatively high weight ratios of aluminum, such as AM60, AZ91 and AZ121. The magnesium alloy sheets were cast by a vertical roll caster to manufacture relatively high-strength Mg alloys with high aluminum content. The influences of such process parameters as roll materials, casting temperature, and roll speed were ascertained. A simple method of predicting the convection heat transfer coefficient between casting rolls and molten metal is introduced. The microstructures of cast magnesium alloy sheets are microscopically observed to investigate the effects of roll-casting conditions on crystal growth in the cast products. It was found that Mg alloys with high aluminum content can be fabricated at a roll speed of 90m/min with a vertical-roll caster. The grain size of the manufactured wrought magnesium alloy sheet was about 30 micrometers due to rapid solidification in the proposed process.
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33

Wang, Qing Bo, Yan Min Jia, and Dong Po He. "Finite Element Analysis for Refrozen Process of Bored Pile in Permafrost Region." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1655.

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The commercially available finite element program ANSYS was used to model the refrozen process of the bored pile. The effects of the refrozen process by casting temperature of concrete, heat of concrete hydration and air convention were analyzed. To estimate the time when the bearing capacity of the bored pile is formed, the finish time of refrozen process was determined by modeling the whole refrozen process of the bored pile. The calculated results are in good agreement with experimental data. The analysis shows that the refrozen process is related with the casting temperature of concrete. The higher the casting temperature is, the more time the refrozen process takes.
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34

Asoiro, FU, and CJ Ohagwu. "SOME MOISTURE DEPENDENT THERMAL PROPERTIES AND BULK DENSITY OF Prosopis Africana SEEDS (OKPEYE)." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 936–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.38.

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The thermal heat conductivity, specific heat capacity, thermal heat diffusivity and bulk density of Prosopis africana seeds were determined as a function of moisture content. Specific heat capacity was measured by the method of mixture while the thermal heat conductivity was measured by the guarded hot plate method. Thermal heat diffusivity was calculated from the experimental results obtained from specific heat capacity, thermal heat conductivity and bulk density. The bulk density for Prosopis africana (PA) seeds decreased from 890kg m-3 to 590kg m-3 as moisture content increased from 4 to 20% wet basis (w.b). Specific heat capacity increased from 2760J kg-1 ºC-1 to 2960J kg-1 ºC-1with increasing moisture content. The thermal heat conductivity ranged between 0.70 and 0.90W m-1oC-1 when moisture content rose from 4% to 20% (w.b). Thermal heat diffusivity increased from 2.7 10-7 to 4.2 10-7m2 s-1 as moisture content increased from 4 to 20% (w.b). The values obtained for these thermal properties and bulk density could be useful for design of systems for heat treatment of Prosopis africana seeds.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.38
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35

Long, Ji Bo, Ping Wang, Yu Lou Li, and Si Yi Huang. "Analysis on Heat Transfer Intensity of Bamboo Structure Wall in Warm and Humid Environment." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.721.

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Based on the fundamentals of heat and moisture transfer in porous media, characteristics of heat transfer intensity of a bamboo structure wall are analyzed when the moisture content changes under the action of natural warm and humid environment. The results show that: when the moisture content changes, the effective coefficient of heat conductivity and specific heat capacity of bamboo both change, and physical parameters (e.g., heat transfer capacity, heat storage capacity, temperature distribution, attenuation coefficient of temperature wave, delay coefficient of temperature wave) all change accordingly. When the total moisture content of the wall increases, the temperature difference between inside and outside surfaces of the wall is reduced, and attenuation and delay coefficient of temperature wave both increase. All of these improve the thermal comfort of indoor environment, but the heat transfer capacity through the wall increases. If the total moisture content of the wall is constant and the moisture distribution along the thickness direction of the wall changes, the temperature gradient decreases and the heat storage coefficient increases in bamboo layer of high moisture content, and the temperature gradient increases and the heat storage coefficient decreases in bamboo layer of low moisture content.
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36

RAHARDJO, MONO, and IRENG DARWATI. "PENGARUH CEKAMAN AIR TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN MUTU SIMPLISIA TEMPUYUNG (Sonchus arvensis L.)." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 6, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v6n3.2000.73-79.

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<p><strong>Effect of water stress on the production and quality of Sonchus arvensis L.</strong></p><p>Study on water stress in Sonchus arvensis L was conducted to improve the quality and production of leaves. Pot experiment was conducted at geen house Bogor Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from July to November 1996, with 7 kg latosol dry soil of Cimanggu Bogor per pot. Randomized block design with four replications were used. Eight treatments of water stess and casting were applied i.e. (I) 100% field capacity (FC) no casting, (2) 100% FC + casting, (3) 80% FC + casting with water stress started at 30 days alter planting (dap), (4) 60% FC + casting with water stess started at 30 dap, (5) 40% FC + casting with water stress started at 30 dap, (6) 80% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 DAP, (7) 60% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 dap, (8) 40% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 dap. Results showed that chlorophyl content leaf aea, fresh and dry weight of leaves deceased at a water stress of 60% FC strated al 30 dap the higher the water stress the lower the measurement of those parameters, but the higher the content of K and Na. The highest yield of fesh and dry leaves, respectively 53.22 and 4.58 g/plant was produced by the plants treated in 100% PC + casting. The plant treated in 40% FC started at 30 dap resulted in the highest quality of simplisia indicated by the highest content of K (8.2%) and Na (0.227%). With the treatment, K and Na conlent increased by 13.6 and 95.7% espectively and the dry weight of simplisia decreased by 62.9%.</p>
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37

Xu, Zheng Bin, Yong Zhi Zou, Hong Gu, and Jian Min Zeng. "Investigations on Hydrogen Content Change in Melt Aluminum during Casting under Adjusted Pressure." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 3059–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.3059.

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In this paper, a new low-pressure die-casting with degassing function, casting under adjusted pressure (CAP), is proposed. The working principle of CAP process is introduced in details. This paper focuses on the influences of moisture of compressed air on the hydrogen content within the melt aluminum during the cyclic vacuum-pressurizing programs for CAP process. The experimental results indicate that degassing under vacuum acts positive in refining aluminum melt. The relative moisture of compressed air exerts a significant influence on the hydrogen content of aluminum melt. After the melt aluminum is exposed to the air with a relative moisture of 85% for 90 min, the hydrogen content of the melt aluminum can get to 0.4 ml/100g/Al; while under the circumstance of CAP process, the hydrogen content is maintained between 0.05 and 0.15 ml/100g/Al depending on the moisture capacity of the air, which virtually has no more influence on the casting qualities. Under the condition of dry compressed air, the hydrogen content can be kept at a level as low as 0.05ml/100g/Al, which facilitates to obtain high air-tightness castings.
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38

Krajewski, P. K., J. S. Suchy, G. Piwowarski, and W. K. Krajewski. "High Temperature Thermal Properties of Bentonite Foundry Sand." Archives of Foundry Engineering 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2015-0036.

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Abstract The paper presents results of measuring thermal conductivity and heat capacity of bentonite foundry sand in temperature range ambient - 900­­°C. During the experiments a technical purity Cu plate was cast into the green-sand moulds. Basing on measurements of the mould temperature field during the solidification of the casting, the temperature relationships of the measured properties were evaluated. It was confirmed that water vaporization strongly influences thermal conductivity of the moulding sand in the first period of the mould heating by the poured casting.
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39

Cholewa, M., and Ł. Kozakiewicz. "Heat Flow in the Casting – Mould System for Moulds with Gypsum and Cement Binder." Archives of Foundry Engineering 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2015-0027.

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Abstract The production of thin-walled castings with wall thickness in the range of 1.5 to 3 mm and below requires the development of insulation moulding sands and/or core materials. The test has been taken to develop these kind of materials. The study included a description of their thermophysical properties. Authors described problems related to the heat flow in the casting-mould system, i.e. mathematically described the main dependence of heat give-up during crystallization of the casting. The influence of the content of polyglicol on the thermophysical properties of the mould with gypsum and cement binder was examined. Using the ATD method determined were the increments ΔT1 and ΔT2 describing the temperature changes in the mould during crystallization of hypoeutectic alloy of AlSi6 and the temperature difference between casting material and mould during the crystallization. In the considered range of technological parameters a description of the heat flow kinetics was given.
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40

Akimov, O. V., A. P. Marchenko, V. I. Alyokhin, V. Soloshenko, O. Y. Shinsky, S. I. Klymenko, and K. O. Kostyk. "Computer Engineering and Design of Cast Parts for Internal Combustion Engine Crankcase." Journal of Engineering Sciences 6, no. 2 (2019): e24-e30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2019.6(2).e4.

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This paper discusses the formulation of the problem of designing the cast parts block-crankcases engine in order to ensure its quality for the case study of cast iron parts of the cylinder block inline four-cylinder gasoline engine with the capacity of 1.4 dm3. Material Ch190B is gray cast iron with optional chemical composition, and sulfur – no more than 0.15 %, phosphorus – no more than 0.1 %, structure – perlite plate. The results obtained in this work confirm the conclusions about the possibility of reducing the metal content of the casting and changing the technical conditions of its manufacture. According to the results of the research, the developed recommendations are aimed at stabilizing the characteristics of the metal, reducing metal consumption, and changing the technical conditions for the defectiveness of this type of castings. Recommendations for changing the configuration of the partition in order to reduce the metal content of the casting and recommendations for changing the Technical Conditions for casting defects were stated for the casting block crankcase 4ChN12/14. For defects of discontinuity type, the maximum size was defined, and controlled places of their detecting were defined. Keywords: CAD, CAE, block-crankcase, 3D model, casting defect.
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41

Steinberg, Susan L., Gerard J. Kluitenberg, and Soheni Tanzeema. "Roots Affect the Accuracy of Dual-probe Heat-pulse Method for Measuring Water Content in Plant Growth Media." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 970E—971. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.970e.

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Little attention has been paid to how the presence of roots influences water content measurements obtained with water content sensors. This issue is especially important if sensors are deployed in densely rooted soil or growth media. This work addresses the impact of roots on water content measurements obtained with dual-probe heat-pulse (DPHP) sensors. In the DPHP method, the maximum temperature rise in response to heating (Tmax) is used to calculate volumetric heat capacity, which in turn is used to calculate volumetric water content. The accuracy of DPHP sensors was evaluated in unrooted and rooted 0.25–1 mm baked ceramic aggregate. For both restricted and unrestricted volumes of aggregate the presence of roots caused DPHP sensors to consistently overestimate water content by 0.05–0.09 cm3·cm-3. Measured values of Tmax were lower in the presence of roots, which resulted in overestimation of volumetric heat capacity that was attributed to the high specific heat of water contained in roots in addition to that contained within the aggregate. Differences in water content and aggregate heating between unrooted and rooted aggregate equilibrated to the same matric potential were less distinct in unrestricted volumes, where the decrease in bulk density has the offsetting effect of lowering the heat capacity. Error in water content caused by the presence of roots and changes in bulk density was estimated by developing a theoretical mixing model for volumetric heat capacity that accounted for the heat capacity of all constituents, including aggregate, water, root water, and root tissue. Predicted errors in volumetric water content due to changes in bulk density or changes in heat capacity due to roots agreed well with direct measurement.
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42

Kang, Suk Bong, Dong Bae Kim, and Jae Hyung Cho. "Effect of Copper Variation and Thermomechanical Treatment on Microstructure and Properties in Aluminum Alloy Fin Stock for Heat Exchanger." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.311.

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Aluminum alloys are commonly used as a material for heat exchangers due to their higher thermal conductivity and specific strength among various metallic materials. Twin roll strip casting process is considered to produce the high quality and low manufacturing cost aluminum alloy fin stock for automobile heat exchangers. Thermomechamical treatment has carried out to obtain optimum processes for initial cold rolling, intermediate annealing and final cold rolling, which can meet the requirements for high strength and high thermal conductivity after brazing heat treatment. Additionally the effect of copper element variation was considered to determine the optimum content of copper element in Al-Zn-Mn-Si-Fe-Cu based alloys produced by twin roll strip casting process. Mechanical properties and thermal condutivity have been evaluated before and after simulated brazing process. The nuclei of recrystallization might be formed along shear deformation bands during initial cold rolling and should be grown during intermediate annealing to enhance the permeation of molten brazings for the following brazing process. Final cold rolling has allowed strain hardening and controlling of sagging amount as fin stock materials of heat exchanger. In the present study the suitable thermomechnical treatment and optimum copper content was suggested to balance the properties of strength, thermal conductivity, brazing behaviour, corrosion resistance and sagging resistance in Al-Zn-Mn-Si-Fe-Cu based alloys produced by twin roll strip casting process.
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43

Wang, Feng, Zhi Wang, Zheng Liu, and Ping Li Mao. "Study on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Die Casting Mg-xGd-3Y-0.5Zr Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.44.

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In this paper, developed a non-aluminum die casting magnesium alloys were studied based on Mg-xGd-Y-Zr（x=6, 8, 12 wt.%）alloys in cold chamber press. The microstructures and mechanical properties of die casting GWK alloys have been investigated using OM, SEM, XRD, EDS and mechanical property test. The experimental results show that with increasing Gd content of Mg-xGd-Y-Zr alloys, the tensile strength increase, but elongation decrease. In particular, die casting GWK alloys after short-term and low-temperature solid solution treatment (T4) have a small variation in grain size and more uniform microstructures, and the second phases distribute at the grain boundaries in form of discontinuous rod shape or granule shape, which result in an obvious improvement in tensile mechanical properties of alloys. The Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr die casting alloy exhibit maximum tensile strength after solution heat treatment, and the value is 269MPa at room temperature. The effect of solution heat treatment on die casting Mg-xGd-Y-Zr alloys was also discussed.
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44

Anthony, Anyanwu Ifeanyi, Atsuya Suzuki, Shigeharu Kamado, and Yo Kojima. "Optimization of Mg-Zn-Al-Ca-La Alloys for the Improvement of Casting Properties and Creep Resistance." Materials Science Forum 488-489 (July 2005): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.488-489.805.

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Mg-0.5%Zn-4%Al-0.5~2.0%Ca-0.5~2.0%La alloys are investigated in order to determine the optimum composition with superior casting properties and excellent creep resistance for automatic transmission case applications. The results show that regardless of the La content, the hot-tearing susceptibility of alloys containing 0.8%Ca or more is low. However, at 0.5%Ca content, hot-tearing occurs in alloys containing more than 1.2%La. The creep resistance of the alloys increases as the Ca content increases and Mg-0.5%Zn-4%Al-0.9%Ca-0.8%La alloy is found to be the optimum alloy exhibiting good casting properties and adequate heat resistance for automatic transmission cases.
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45

Kim, T. W., C. G. Kang, and S. S. Kang. "Rheology Forming Process of Cast Aluminum Alloys with Electromagnetic Applications." Solid State Phenomena 116-117 (October 2006): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.116-117.445.

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This paper focuses on a rheo-forming of arm parts fabricated by an electromagnetic stirring system (EMS). This forming process takes place under high pressure of high pressure die casting and thin-walled casting is possible. Also, the productivity is higher than for low pressure die casting because of the shorter cycle time. Rheo-forming is advantageous because forming is performed in the semi-solid state with laminar flow and the gas content is low, which makes welding possible. Therefore, this paper examines arm parts with EMS and has investigated the mechanical properties after T6 and T5 heat-treatment.
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46

Saikawa, Seiji, Manabu Mizutani, and Nozomu Kawabe. "Effect of Sn Content on Heat Resistance of Mg-3%Al-1%Si Alloy for Casting." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 1071–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.1071.

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Magnesium alloys have the characteristic with high specific strength and lightweight property, it is widely used for auto mobile industry. Heat-resistant magnesium alloy is focused as a suitable material for weight reduction of the engine and power train parts in automotive field. In this study, microstructure and heat-resistant property in Mg-3mass%Al-1mass%Si (Mg-3%Al-1%Si) alloy with containing large amount of Sn (tin) were investigated. The alloys produced by permanent mold casting were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and measuring of bolt load retention at 423K. The heat-resistant property of Mg-3mass % Al-1mass % Si alloy with containing 6-13masss%Sn was higher compared with Sn free alloy and conventional Magnesium alloys (e.g. AZ91 and AM60 alloys).
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47

Yuryev, Vladimir P., Elena N. Kalistratova, Anatoli N. Danilenko, Vladislav A. Protserov, and Anton V. Persikov. "The Generalized Heat Capacity/Amylose Content Function for Barley and Maize Starches." Starch - Stärke 51, no. 5 (May 1999): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-379x(199905)51:5<160::aid-star160>3.0.co;2-r.

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48

Freitas, A. K. C., L. B. da Silva, A. C. S. da Costa, A. P. S. Peres, S. B. C. Pergher, and W. Acchar. "Tricalcium phosphate sheets with chitosan obtained via aqueous tape casting." Cerâmica 66, no. 380 (December 2020): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132020663802922.

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Abstract Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is a biomaterial produced in several biomedical applications, in addition to having biocompatibility and osteoconductive capacity. Biodegradable polymers of natural or synthetic origin such as chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have been used for tissue engineering applications because they have the properties of the native organic phase of bone tissue. Thus, the objective of this study was to obtain ceramic tapes based on TCP, chitosan, and PVA through the tape casting method. The viscosity data for all suspensions were ideal for the chosen processing. The thermogravimetric curves showed similar profiles, and it was possible to observe that a greater total mass loss occurred with the increase in the chitosan content. XRD reflections related to the β-TCP phase of the orthorhombic structure were found, showing no phase transformation. SEM analysis showed degrees of roughness on the film surfaces with little influence from the increase in chitosan content.
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49

Dedov, Stanislav, Gunter Lehmann, and Rudolf Kawalla. "Application of Combined Casting-Forging Process for Production of Durable Lightweight Aluminum Parts." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.264.

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Due to the constant development in the automotive industry, where high performance shared with the maximal comfort and safety at low car body weight are the primary goals, gains the lightweight construction in importance. Materials with light weight, high strength and toughness are being engaged. With this background the material aluminum and its alloys become highly attractive to manufacturers. There are mainly two ways of forming the metal materials: casting or forming. Apart from substitution of one method by another there are also many examples of combining of casting and forging processes in practice. Such approach allows using the advantages of both methods, shortening the process chains and saving energy and resources at the same time. Furthermore the form flexibility can be increased and the product quality can be improved. For higher process efficiency a direct transition from casting to forging operation should be applied, so that the heat loss decreases and no additional heat treatment between these operations is necessary. There are processes known, which allow producing the final parts by casting and forging from one a single heat. The application of such processes requires materials, which have simultaneously good casting and forging properties. The Institute of Metal forming TU Freiberg works intensively on development of combined casting-forging technologies for lightweight aluminum parts. A technological chain for this coupled process followed by precipitation hardening heat treatment was developed (Figure 1). Heat treatable aluminum cast and wrought alloys with 1 – 7 % silicon were applied. By the variation of silicon content the optimal cast, forging and hardening properties were achieved. This technology with high energy efficiency allows producing durable light weight parts from aluminum alloys while the mechanical properties of the final parts are equal to or even higher than those in the conventional processes.
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50

Gates, S. J., G. Kornelius, S. C. Rencken, N. M. Fagan, P. Cowx, and L. Els. "The use of fine water sprays to suppress fume emissions when casting ferromanganese." Clean Air Journal 25, no. 2 (December 3, 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2410-972x/2015/v25n2a3.

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During the casting of ferromanganese alloys from electric arc furnaces into sand beds at temperatures of up to 1800°C a considerable amount of very brown fumes are generated when the alloy fume is oxidized in the atmosphere. The fume is difficult to capture because of the large flux of gas that is generated. Possible reasons for this flux include the high evaporation rate of Mn at elevated temperatures, the large surface area of the casting beds and the large thermal plumes over the furnace tapholes and casting beds. It has been found that the use of fine water sprays along the edge of the roof that covers the casting bed resulted in a significant reduction in visible emissions. This paper describes research into the kinetics of the fume to improve the design of the capture hoods, as well as the mechanism of suppression by the water sprays by using CFD analysis. It is shown that the oxidation reaction produces less than 20% of the energy content of the plume over the arc furnace taphole, and also that radiation heat transfer may play an important role in increasing the energy content of the taphole plume. The capture of fume particles by fine spray droplets is shown to have limited efficiency, while the heat sink that is caused by evaporation does not materially contribute to the circulation of fume through the spray. It is postulated that the increased moisture content of the air over the casting beds may be instrumental in reducing the oxygen partial pressure or in the formation of an oxide layer, both of which would reduce metal evaporation and, therefore fume formation. The exact mechanism requires further investigation
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