Academic literature on the topic 'Heart – Surgery'

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Journal articles on the topic "Heart – Surgery"

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Lochana, Ch, A. Sravani, D. Lavanya, M. Sharmila, and M. Gayatri I. "Complications of Robotic Heart Surgery Compared with Traditional Open-Heart Surgery." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2023): 1890–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr231118152450.

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Treasure, T. "SURGERY: Cardiovascular surgery for Marfan syndrome." Heart 84, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.84.6.674.

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JOY, M. "Flying after heart surgery." Heart 83, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 582d—582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.83.5.582d.

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Westaby, S. "HEART FAILURE: Non-transplant surgery for heart failure." Heart 83, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.83.5.603.

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Davies, M. K. "History of cardiac surgery." Heart 87, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.87.6.509.

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CHENG, T. O. "Acupuncture anaesthesia for open heart surgery." Heart 83, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.83.3.256.

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Enriquez-Sarano, M. "Timing of mitral valve surgery." Heart 87, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.87.1.79.

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Ellison, Norig. "Heart Surgery Classics." Anesthesia & Analgesia 80, no. 3 (March 1995): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199503000-00066.

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ZENATI, MARCO A. "Robotic Heart Surgery." Cardiology in Review 9, no. 5 (September 2001): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045415-200109000-00009.

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Bove, Edward L. "Congenital heart surgery." Current Opinion in Cardiology 5, no. 1 (February 1990): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001573-199002000-00008.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heart – Surgery"

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Bebek, Ozkan. "ROBOTIC-ASSISTED BEATING HEART SURGERY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1201289393.

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Kesner, Samuel Benjamin. "Robotic Catheters for Beating Heart Surgery." Thesis, Harvard University, 2011. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10016.

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Compliant and flexible cardiac catheters provide direct access to the inside of the heart via the vascular system without requiring clinicians to stop the heart or open the chest. However, the fast motion of the intracardiac structures makes it difficult to modify and repair the cardiac tissue in a controlled and safe manner. In addition, rigid robotic tools for beating heart surgery require the chest to be opened and the heart exposed, making the procedures highly invasive. The novel robotic catheter system presented here enables minimally invasive repair on the fast-moving structures inside the heart, like the mitral valve annulus, without the invasiveness or risks of stopped heart procedures. In this thesis, I investigate the development of 3D ultrasound-guided robotic catheters for beating heart surgery. First, the force and stiffness values of tissue structures in the left atrium are measured to develop design requirements for the system. This research shows that a catheter will experience contractile forces of 0.5 – 1.0 N and a mean tissue structure stiffness of approximately 0.1 N/mm while interacting with the mitral valve annulus. Next, this thesis presents the catheter system design, including force sensing, tissue resection, and ablation end effectors. In order to operate inside the beating heart, position and force control systems were developed to compensate for the catheter performance limitations of friction and deadzone backlash and evaluated with ex vivo and in vivo experiments. Through the addition of friction and deadzone compensation terms, the system is able to achieve position tracking with less than 1 mm RMS error and force tracking with 0.08 N RMS error under ultrasound image guidance. Finally, this thesis examines how the robotic catheter system enhances beating heart clinical procedures. Specifically, this system improves resection quality while reducing the forces experienced by the tissue by almost 80% and improves ablation performance by reducing contact resistance variations by 97% while applying a constant force on the moving tissue.
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Hellgren, Laila. "Heart Valve Surgery : Preoperative Assessment and Clinical Outcome." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5929.

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Lickteig, Crista. "Probiotics: Healthy Bacteria Used in Heart Surgery Patients." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144599.

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Post-operative infections are of high concern and are a great risk to patients who have just had an open-heart surgical procedure. Exposing the human body to elements it's clearly not used to, by opening the chest to perform heart surgery, greatly increases a patient's risk of infection. Surgery is usually the last line of defense used by physicians. This is not only because the invasiveness of the procedure, but because of the heightened risk of infection for the patient. In the treatment of surgical patients, the possibility of infection and protocol for treatment must be taken into account. Patients who undergo open-heart procedures, such as CABG's, Valve Repair/Replacement, Aneurysms, and Aortic Root Repair/Replacement, often have compromised immune systems. A compromised immune system, exposure of the chest cavity during surgery, and length of hospital stay are all contributing factors to hospital acquired infections (HAI). Infections vary depending on the nature of the surgery, the institution, surgical technique, and also varies by patient. Pneumonia, sepsis, bacterial endocarditis, and mediastinitis are all potential concerns in patients who have undergone recent open-heart surgery. The recent societal push for a more holistic approach to medicine and an effort for treatments with fewer side effects have lead to increased research in the realm of probiotics. Probiotics are "good bacteria" that are thought to aid in the intestinal microbial balance. They also have been shown to improve gastrointestinal problems. By integrating the use of probiotics into the treatment of post cardiac surgery patients, we expect to see a decrease in gastrointestinal problems and infections. We also believe that this will improve patients' overall health. This preventative treatment will save the hospital millions of dollars in revenue that is spent on treating infections and will also increase hospital bed turnover.
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Alshvang, Sofya. "Preoperative Nurses' Teaching for Open Heart Surgery Patients." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4587.

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Every year thousands of patients in the United States undergo cardiothoracic surgery. These patients have high levels of anxiety because they do not know what to expect. At the same time, many nurses on the cardiac telemetry/surgical floor are not aware that effective preoperative teaching can make a significant difference in patients' outcomes; thus, nurses had focused on postoperative teaching. The purpose of this project was to develop a preoperative teaching program through which nurses could help patients undergoing open heart surgery. The mentioned above practice initiative used Neuman's systems model as a framework. The project used a before-and-after design: Data were analyzed by comparing the results of preeducational and posteducational questionnaires. The goal of the program was to increase the level of knowledge of the nurses about preoperative education to a minimum of 90% correct answers. The findings showed that the knowledge of the nurses who attended the 1st educational intervention session increased from a baseline score of 87% to a posttest score of 95%, and the knowledge of the nurses who attended the 2nd session increased from a baseline score of 90% to a posttest score of 100%. The educational intervention also helped to improve communication between nurses and patients, and consequently, the quality of care. This project has implications for positive social change: The nurses' improved knowledge led to improved patient education, decreased patient anxiety and fear of the unknown, increased compliance with postoperative instructions, improved satisfaction with treatment, and positive postoperative outcomes.
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Limperopoulos, Catherine. "Neurodevelopmental sequelae in young children with congenital heart defects undergoing open heart surgery." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38223.

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Recent medical and surgical advances have greatly enhanced the survival of children with congenital heart defects that were once considered lethal or extremely debilitating. Consequently there now is a shift in concern from the integrity of the heart to that of the brain. Studies that describe the spectrum of developmental disabilities are lacking in these new survivors.
The primary objective of this doctoral thesis was to characterize the extent and nature of neurodevelopmental impairments and disabilities in young infants with congenital heart defects, using a range of standardized developmental and functional measures, as well as electrophysiological techniques. A high prevalence of acute neurologic, motor, and global developmental impairments were present in our cohort at the time of surgery, and persisted well after surgical intervention. Moreover, functional difficulties and greater dependence in self-care and mobility were also common in this population. Somatosensory evoked potential abnormalities in newborns were found to be very predictive of developmental delays. Multiple markers (i.e. medical, surgical, developmental, and environmental) of brain injury were identified that appear to collectively mediate the outcome of this vulnerable group of children.
Clearly, this is a high-risk population that would benefit from routine developmental screening by rehabilitation specialists. This would facilitate early identification of those at risk and permit the institution of early intervention programs to maximize outcome and minimize burden of care.
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Sheppard, Stuart Vincent. "Leucocyte filtration and cardiac surgery." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310490.

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Collin, Sophie. "Preoperative planning and simulation for artificial heart implantation surgery." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S025/document.

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L'utilisation d'Assistance Circulatoire Mécanique (ACM) augmente dans le cas d'insuffisance cardiaque terminale ne répondant pas aux traitements médicaux. Dans ce contexte nous avons: 1) présenté une vue d'ensemble des problématiques cliniques, 2) élaboré une nouvelle approche de planification assistée par ordinateur pour l'implantation d'ACM, 3) implémenté un modèle CFD pour comprendre l'hémodynamique ventriculaire induite par la canule apicale. Afin de diminuer les complications, des critères quantitatifs optimisant la décharge ventriculaire pourraient être déterminés par CFD. La planification fournirait des informations permettant de choisir le dispositif et adapter la stratégie clinique
Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) therapy is increasingly considered for patients with advanced heart failure unresponsive to optimal medical treatments. In this context, we: 1) presented an overview of clinical issues raised by MCS implantation, 2) designed a novel computer-assisted approach for planning the implantation, 3) implemented a CFD model to understand the ventricle hemodynamics induced by the inflow cannula pose. With the aim of decreasing complications and morbidity, quantitative criteria for optimizing ventricle unloading could be determined through CFD, and the planning approach may provide valuable information for choosing the device and adapting the clinical strategy
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Wood, Nathan A. "Organ-Mounted Robots for Minimally Invasive Beating-Heart Surgery." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/612.

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In the push to improve patient outcomes in cardiac interventions, minimally invasive beating-heart surgery is a major field of surgical research. However, interventions on a soft tissue organ under continuous motion through remote incisions pose a significant challenge. Endoscopic approaches eliminate the associated morbidity of median sternotomy, but they require either mechanical immobilization of the heart or robotic motion compensation of the tools, both of which have serious drawbacks. While mechanical immobilization may cause electrophysiological and hemodynamic changes in the performance of the heart, active compensation requires high-bandwidth manipulators to track the complex motion of the heart. In this thesis, we address the issue of physiological motion during minimally invasive beating-heart surgery through the use of organ-mounted robots. These devices eschew the high dexterity and actuation effort required of traditional surgical robots in favor of miniature robots that adhere directly to the operating site using vacuum pressure. Unlike mechanical stabilizers these devices are not fixed in the world frame and therefore do not immobilize the heart but instead move in unison with the heart providing a stable platform from which interventions may be administered. This thesis is built around two main contributions to the state of the art in robotic MIS. The first major contribution of this work is the development of spatiotemporal registration methods to improve positioning accuracy under virtual image guidance for organ-mounted robots. These efforts rely on frequencybased models, which capture the periodic motion of the heart, and anatomical models constructed from preoperative imaging. Using these models we estimate when in the physiological cycles the images were captured and the pose of the robot at that time to spatially align the models. Finally, we introduce a method for localizing these robots on the beating heart using function approximation that provides more accurate estimates over short time horizons. The second major contribution is the design and construction of new robots that provide a wider array of interventions using the organ-mounted paradigm. These efforts use emerging therapies as motivation for the design of an active cooling system for minimally invasive delivery of thermosensitive materials and a new parallel wire robot, known as Cerberus, for therapies that require coverage over large areas of the surface of the heart. Both of these new capabilities are demonstrated successfully in closed-chest beating-heart procedures. Overall, our contributions take a holistic approach to the advancement of the capabilities of organ-mounted robots. New form-factors provide specialized capabilities, while new approaches to registration improve our ability to accurately position these robots on the beating heart. Most importantly, everything presented in this thesis is demonstrated in closed-chest beating-heart procedures, or on data recorded in such a procedure.
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Masetti, Marco <1981&gt. "The medical management after surgery for advanced heart failure." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7101/1/masetti_marco_tesi.pdf.

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The aim of the Research of this Ph D Project is to improve the medical management after surgery for advanced heart failure, both after left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) implantation, and after heart transplantation in the long-term. Regarding heart transplantation (HTx), the Research Project is focused on diagnostics, classification, prevention and treatment of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and on treatment of post-HTx cancers; the results are presented in the first part of this Thesis. In particular, the main aspect investigated are the prognostic role of information derived from coronary angiography, coronary tomography and intravascular ultrasound, and the different sensitivity of these techniques in predicting outcomes and in diagnosing CAV. Moreover, the role of mTOR inhibitors on CAV prevention or treatment is investigated, both alone and in combination with different anti-CMV prevention strategies, as well as the impact of mTOR inhibitors on clinical outcomes in the long term. Regarding LVAD, the main focus is on the role of transthoracic echocardiography in the management of patients with a continuous-flow, centrifugal, intrapericardial pump (HVAD, Heartware); this section is reported in the second part of this Thesis. The main aspects investigated are the use of echocardiography in patients with HVAD device and its interaction with the information derived from pump curves' analysis in predicting aortic valve opening status, a surrogate of the condition of support provided by the LVAD.
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Books on the topic "Heart – Surgery"

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A, Salerno Tomas, ed. Warm heart surgery. London: Edward Arnold, 1995.

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Dominik, Jan, and Pavel Zacek. Heart Valve Surgery. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12206-4.

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1957-, Ruggiero Renato, ed. Heart surgery classics. Boston, MA: Adams Publishing Group, 1994.

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1951-, Bojar Robert M., ed. Adult cardiac surgery. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1992.

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H, Marks Peter, ed. Fundamentals of cardiac surgery. London: Chapman & Hall Medical, 1993.

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1957-, Baumgartner Fritz J., ed. Cardiothoracic surgery. Austin: R.G. Landes, 1996.

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Doty, Donald B. Cardiac surgery: Operative technique. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997.

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1937-, Cohn Lawrence H., and Edmunds L. Henry, eds. Cardiac surgery in the adult. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, 2003.

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C, Callaghan John, and Wartak Joseph, eds. Open heart surgery: Theory and practice. New York: Praeger, 1986.

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1926-, Starr Albert, and Harwin Fredric M, eds. Manual of cardiac surgery. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Heart – Surgery"

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Kreisel, Daniel, and Bruce R. Rosengard. "Heart Transplantation." In Surgery, 1529–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57282-1_69.

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Sudarshan, Catherine, Daniel Kreisel, and Bruce R. Rosengard. "Heart Transplantation." In Surgery, 1861–86. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68113-9_89.

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Meiser, Bruno, and Bruno Reichart. "Heart and Heart–Lung Transplantation." In Cardiac Surgery, 1079–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52672-9_37.

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Thorek, Philip. "Heart." In Anatomy in Surgery, 331–56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8286-7_18.

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Slater, Matthew S. "Heart." In Acute Care Surgery, 389–99. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-69012-4_25.

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Backer, Carl L., and Constantine Mavroudis. "Congenital Heart Disease." In Surgery, 1315–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57282-1_59.

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Rosengart, Todd K., William de Bois, and Nicola A. Francalancia. "Adult Heart Disease." In Surgery, 1333–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57282-1_60.

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Backer, Carl L., and Constantine Mavroudis. "Congenital Heart Disease." In Surgery, 1601–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68113-9_77.

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Rosengart, Todd K., William de Bois, Edgar Chedrawy, and Malica Vukovic. "Adult Heart Disease." In Surgery, 1621–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68113-9_78.

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Muthialu, Nagarajan, Michael Burch, and Tain-Yen Hsia. "Heart Transplantation." In Pediatric Surgery, 1–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38482-0_119-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Heart – Surgery"

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Sørensen, Thomas Sangild, and Jesper Mosegaard. "Virtual open heart surgery." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Emerging technologies. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1179133.1179169.

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Pandur, Sanko. "REVIEW UP-TO-DATE CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY." In Acquired Heart Diseases. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2015-158-08.

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Liu, Xi. "Soft robot system for heart surgery." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Information Systems (ICAIIS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaiis49377.2020.9194887.

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Kaczmarek, Mariusz, Antoni Nowakowski, Janusz Siebert, and Jan Rogowski. "Infrared thermography: applications in heart surgery." In Optoelectronic and Electronic Sensors III, edited by Antoni Nowakowski and Bogdan Chachulski. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.346861.

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Paraforos, A., and I. Friedrich. "The Digital Heart." In 49th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705457.

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Chenga, Lingbo, and Mahdi Tavakolia. "Neural-Network-Based Heart Motion Prediction for Ultrasound-Guided Beating-Heart Surgery." In 2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8843136.

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Hammer, Peter E., Michael S. Sacks, Pedro J. del Nido, and Robert D. Howe. "Mass-Spring vs. Finite Element Models of Anisotropic Heart Valves: Speed and Accuracy." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19521.

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Heat valve dysfunction can lead to heart failure and death, and surgery is the standard treatment. Valve repair surgery is performed under cardiopulmonary bypass making it difficult for the surgeon to know if a surgical modification will be effective when blood flow is restored. A surgical planning system has been proposed to improve surgical outcomes by allowing a surgeon to explore valve repair strategies on a computer model of a patient’s valve (1). Many groups have published computational models of heart valves based on the finite element (FE) method, but they are prohibitively slow for simulating valve mechanics in an interactive setting. Mass-spring (MS) networks have been used as an alternative to FE methods for modeling deformable bodies, trading off accuracy for speed.
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Lemieux, S. E., and F. A. Vézina. "An Unusual Case of Hemoptysis Following Heart Surgery." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a4137.

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Rahmati, Zahra, and Saeed Behzadipour. "Control Tuning of a Heart Motion Tracking System in Off-pump Heart Surgery." In 2017 5th RSI International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICRoM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrom.2017.8466219.

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Liang, Fan, Xiaofeng Meng, and Dengfeng Dong. "Improved heart motion tracking algorithm with added acceleration measurement for beating heart surgery." In 2011 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Computing, Control and Industrial Engineering (CCIE 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccieng.2011.6008108.

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Reports on the topic "Heart – Surgery"

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Axford, Trevor C., John A. Dearani, Gina Ragno, Hollace MacGregor, and Manisha A. Patel. The Safety and Therapeutic Effectiveness of Nonwashed Mediastinal Shed Blood Reinfused Into Patients Following Open Heart Surgery. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada360328.

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Franco De Rose, Aldo, Fabrizio Gallo, and Donatella Giua. Three-Component Penile Prosthesis Implantation Under Completely Local Anesthesia: A Case Report. International Journal of Surgery, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.60122/j.ijs.2024.10.03.

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Background: To our knowledge, no authors have published the implant of a three-component device under local anesthesia, until now. The aim of this paper is to report this particular case focusing on its technical and anatomical details. Materials and Methods: A 60-years-old man presented to our attention due to erectile dysfunction unresponsive to PDE-I oral and alprostadil intracavernosal therapies, following a motorbike trauma accident with multiple lumbosacral vertebral fracture and incomplete S2-S4 spinal cord injury. After the trauma accident, the patient immediately underwent spinal surgery with lumbosacral vertebral plate positioning. During knee surgery for postural disorders following the previous trauma accident, the patient had an intraoperative heart arrest which required cardiopulmonary resuscitation and post-cardiac arrest care. Considering the high surgical risk due to the previous heart arrest and the inability to perform a spinal anesthesia due to the previous lumbosacral vertebral plate positioning, we proposed to implant the three-component device under completely local anesthesia. Results: Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was performed. Local anesthesia was administered using an 80-20 mixture of 7.5% ropivacaine and 2% mepivacaine with adrenaline for both the penoscrotal and abdominal surgical sites. A three-component (AMS 700™ CX with MS pump™) prosthesis was implanted with no complications. The patient didn’t experience any pain during the procedure. The follow-up was uneventful. One month after surgery, the patient reported a satisfactory sexual intercourse. Conclusion: Our experience demonstrates that a three-component penile prosthesis implantation under completely local anesthesia can be successfully performed with satisfactory outcomes. However, particular attention should be paid to some anatomical details, the anesthetic procedure and patient’s counselling. This technique could be addressed to those patients with comorbidities which contraindicated spinal or general anesthesia or in patients unwilling to undergo these types of anesthesia.
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AlBakri, Aref, Auswaf Ahsan, Manoj Vengal, KR Ashir, Abdul Majeed, and Hanan Siddiq. Antibiotic Prophylaxis before Invasive Dental Procedures for Patients at High-Risk of Infective Endocarditis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0011.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine whether there is a genuine clinical need for Antibiotic Prophylaxis(AP) for the prevention of Infective Endocarditis(IE) in high-risk individuals (particularly those with demonstrable structural heart diseases or valve surgery) undergoing invasive dental procedures. Information sources: PubMed, Science Direct, British Dental Journal and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. Search terms used included various combinations of the following subject headings and title or abstract keywords – prophylactic antibiotics, antibiotic prophylaxis, antimicrobial, dentist, extraction, implant, infective endocarditis, or bacterial endocarditis.
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Schwieger, Alexandra, Kaelee Shrewsbury, and Paul Shaver. Dexmedetomidine vs Fentanyl in Attenuating the Sympathetic Surge During Endotracheal Intubation: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0007.

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Purpose/Background Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia can cause a reflex sympathetic surge of catecholamines caused by airway stimulation. This may cause hypertension, tachycardia, and arrhythmias. This reflex can be detrimental in patients with poor cardiac reserve and can be poorly tolerated and lead to adverse events such as myocardial ischemia. Fentanyl, a potent opioid, with a rapid onset and short duration of action is given during induction to block the sympathetic response. With a rise in the opioid crisis and finding ways to change the practice in medicine to use less opioids, dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2 adrenergic agonist, can decrease the release of norepinephrine, has analgesic properties, and can lower the heart rate. Methods In this scoping review, studies published between 2009 and 2021 that compared fentanyl and dexmedetomidine during general anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation of surgical patients over the age of 18 were included. Full text, peer-reviewed studies in English were included with no limit on country of study. The outcomes included post-operative reviews of decrease in pain medication usage and hemodynamic stability. Studies that were included focused on hemodynamic variables such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and use of opioids post-surgery. Result Of 2,114 results from our search, 10 articles were selected based on multiple eligibility criteria of age greater than 18, patients undergoing endotracheal intubation after induction of general anesthesia, and required either a dose of dexmedetomidine or fentanyl to be given prior to intubation. Dexmedetomidine was shown to effectively attenuate the sympathetic surge during intubation over fentanyl. Dexmedetomidine showed a greater reduction in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure than fentanyl, causing better hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing elective surgery.Implications for Nursing Practice Findings during this scoping review indicate that dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective alternative to fentanyl during induction of general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation in attenuating the hemodynamic response. It is also a safe choice for opioid-free anesthesia.
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5

Zhao, YiHao, and Dongbin Zhang. Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0003.

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Review question / Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel combined with carboplatin and trastuzumab (TCH) neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Condition being studied: Chinese patients who have been clinically diagnosed as HER-2 positive breast cancer, not complicated with basic diseases such as heart, liver and bone marrow, and who have received established surgery after chemotherapy and cooperated with follow-up. Eligibility criteria: Non-randomized controlled trials, animal experiments, literature review, non-docetaxel combined with carboplatin and trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy in Chinese breast cancer patients, and other drugs used in the intervention group or control group.
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Savedoff, William D., and Katherine Slack. Public Purchaser-Private Provider Contracting for Health Services: Examples from Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008783.

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The report presents examples to illustrate many of the key issues regarding health care contracting. This study discusses 27 examples of contracting with the private sector in Latin America and the Caribbean. The examples cover three types of services and target population: 11 are broadly-defined services for the entire population (e.g. outpatient services by private hospitals in Brazil); 8 are specific services for the entire population (e.g. high-tech services -heart surgery, kidney transplants, hip replacements, etc.- by private units in Uruguay); and 8 are specific services for a target population (e.g. a program to reduce child malnutrition in Honduras). In addition to its analysis of the cases, the study has generated a publicly available electronic database that can be corrected, updated, and expanded.
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Wei, Dongmei, Yang Sun, and Hankang Hen. Effects of Baduanjin exercise on cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0080.

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Review question / Objective: Can Baduanjin exercise improve the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary artery surgery? Condition being studied: Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is the single most common cause of death globally, with 7.4 million deaths in 2013, accounting for one-third of all deaths (WHO 2014). PCI has been shown to be effective in reducing mortality in patients with CHD. During follow-up, it has been shown that the benefits of PCI can be offset by the significant risks of coronary spasm, endothelial cell injury, recurrent ischemia, and even restenosis or thrombus. Numerous guidelines endorse the necessity for cardiac rehabilitation (CR), which is recommended for patients with chronic stable angina, acute coronary syndrome and for patients following PCI. Baduanjin have been widely practised in China for centuries, and as they are considered to be low risk interventions, their use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease is now becoming more widespread. The ability of Baduanjin to promote clinically meaningful influences in patients with CHD after PCI, however, still remains unclear.
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Wolfenson, David, William W. Thatcher, and James E. Kinder. Regulation of LH Secretion in the Periovulatory Period as a Strategy to Enhance Ovarian Function and Fertility in Dairy and Beef Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586458.bard.

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The general research objective was to increase herd pregnancy rates by enhancing corpus luteum (CL) function and optimizing follicle development, in order to increase conception rate and embryo survival. The specific objectives were: to determine the effect of the duration of the preovulatory LH surge on CL function; to determine the function of LH during the postovulatory period on CL development; to optimize CL differentiation and follicle development by means of a biodegradable GnRH implant; to test whether optimization of CL development and follicle dynamics in timed- insemination protocols would improve fertility in high-yielding dairy cows. Low fertility in cattle results in losses of hundreds of millions of dollars in the USA and Israel. Two major causes of low fertility are formation of a functionally impaired CL, and subsequent enhanced ovarian follicle development. A functionally impaired CL may result from suboptimal LH secretion. The two major causes of low fertility in dairy cattle in US and Israel are negative energy status and summer heat stress; in both situations, low fertility is associated with reductions in LH secretion and impaired development of the ovulatory follicle and of the CL. In Florida, the use of 450-mg deslorelin (GnRH analogue) implants to induce ovulation, under the Ovsynch protocol resulted in a higher pregnancy rates than use of 750-mg implants, and pregnancy losses tended to decrease compared to controls, due probably to decrease in follicular development and estradiol secretion at the time of conceptus signaling to maintain the CL. An alternative strategy to enhance progesterone concentrations involved induction of an accessory CL by injection of hCG on day 5 after the cows were inseminated. Treatment with hCG resulted in 86% of the cows having two CLs, compared with 23% of the control cows. Conception rates were higher among the hCG-treated cows than among the controls. Another approach was to replace the second injection of GnRH analogue, in a timed-insemination protocol, with estradiol cypionate (ECP) injected 24 h after the injection of PGF₂ₐ Pregnancy rates were comparable with those obtained under the regular Ovsynch (timed- AI) program. Use of ECP induced estrus, and cows inseminated at detected estrus are indeed more fertile than those not in estrus at the time of insemination. Collectively, the BARD-supported programs at the University of Florida have improved timed insemination programs. In Ohio, the importance of the frequency of LH episodes during the early stages of the estrous cycle of cattle, when the corpus luteum is developing, was studied in an in vivo experiment in which cows were subjected to various episodic exposures to exogenous bovine LH. Results indicate that the frequent LH episodes immediately following the time of ovulation are important in development of the corpus luteum, from the points of view of both size and functionality. In another study, rates of cell proliferation and numbers of endothelial cells were examined in vitro in CLs collected from cows that received post-ovulation pulsatile LH treatment at various frequencies. The results indicate that the corpora lutea growth that results from luteal cell proliferation is enhanced by the episodes of LH release that occur immediately after the time of ovulation in cattle. The results also show that luteal endothelial cell numbers did not differ among cows treated with different LH doses. In Israel. a longer duration of the preovulatory LH surge stimulated the steroidogenic capacity of granulosa-derived luteal cells, and might, thereby, contribute to a higher progesterone output from the bovine corpus luteum. In an in vivo study, a subgroup of high-yielding dairy cows with extended estrus to ovulation interval was identified. Associated with this extended interval were: low plasma progesterone and estradiol concentrations and a low preovulatory LH surge prior to ovulation, as well as low post- ovulation progesterone concentration. In experiments based on the above results, we found that injection of GnRH at the onset of estrus increased the LHpeak, prevented late ovulation, decreased the variability between cows and elicited high and uniform progesterone levels after ovulation. GnRH at estrus onset increased conception rates, especially in the summer, and among primiparous cows and those with low body condition. Another study compared ovarian functions in multiparous lactating cows with those in nulliparous non-lactating heifers. The results revealed differences in ovarian follicular dynamics, and in plasma concentrations of steroids and gonadotropins that may account for the differences in fertility between heifers and cows.
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9

Alternative drug may prevent atrial fibrillation following heart surgery. National Institute for Health Research, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000520.

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10

A statin drug during admission for heart surgery did not prevent an irregular heart beat. National Institute for Health Research, July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000267.

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