Books on the topic 'Heart rate detection'
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1
Imam, Siddique Zafar. Detection of abnormalities in fetuses and diabetic patients through the use of heart rate variability. [s.l: The Author], 1997.
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2
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. A portable fetal heart monitor and its adaption to the detection of certain abnormalities: Final report for the period ended October 31, 1993. Norfolk, Va: Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering & Technology, Old Dominion University, 1994.
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3
Gandhi, Sanjay, and William R. Lewis. ECG monitoring in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0129.
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Electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is routinely used in hospitals for patients with a wide range of cardiac and non-cardiac diagnoses. Besides simple monitoring of heart rate and detection of life-threatening arrhythmias, the goals of ECG monitoring include detection of myocardial ischaemia, diagnosis of complex arrhythmia, and identification of a prolonged QT interval. The ECG remains a cornerstone in diagnosis and management of patients with coronary ischaemia. Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the number and complexity of electrophysiological interventions, including complex ablations, biventricular pacing, and insertion of implantable defibrillators. ECG monitoring in these patients can serve both a protective and diagnostic purpose. They detect life-threatening arrhythmias and double up as in-patient Holter monitors. Unfortunately, there are no randomized controlled trials of in-hospital cardiac monitoring—expert opinions based on clinical experience and published research in the field of electrocardiography form the basis of current guidelines.
4
Hagendorff, Andreas. Cardiac involvement in systemic diseases. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0020.
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Systemic diseases are generally an interdisciplinary challenge in clinical practice. Systemic diseases are able to induce tissue damage in different organs with ongoing duration of the illness. The heart and the circulation are important targets in systemic diseases. The cardiac involvement in systemic diseases normally introduces a chronic process of alterations in cardiac tissue, which causes cardiac failure in the end stage of the diseases or causes dangerous and life-threatening problems by induced acute cardiac events, such as myocardial infarction due to coronary thrombosis. Thus, diagnostic methods—especially imaging techniques—are required, which can be used for screening as well as for the detection of early stages of the diseases. Two-dimensional echocardiography is the predominant diagnostic technique in cardiology for the detection of injuries in cardiac tissue—e.g. the myocardium, endocardium, and the pericardium—due to the overall availability of the non-invasive procedure.The quality of the echocardiography and the success rate of detecting cardiac pathologies in patients with primary non-cardiac problems depend on the competence and expertise of the investigator. Especially in this scenario clinical knowledge about the influence of the systemic disease on cardiac anatomy and physiology is essential for central diagnostic problem. Therefore the primary echocardiography in these patients should be performed by an experienced clinician or investigator. It is possible to detect changes of cardiac morphology and function at different stages of systemic diseases as well as complications of the systemic diseases by echocardiography.The different parts of this chapter will show proposals for qualified transthoracic echocardiography focusing on cardiac structures which are mainly involved in different systemic diseases.
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Taillefer, Raymond, and Frans J. Th Wackers. Kinetics of Conventional and New Cardiac Radiotracers. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0004.
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The kinetics of radiotracers, that is the mode of uptake, retention and release from the myocardium, are relevant for designing and implementing optimized nuclear cardiac imaging protocols. This chapter addresses the kinetics of commonly used radiotracers for imaging myocardial perfusion, sympathetic neuronal function and cardiac metabolism, both with SPECT and PET cardiac imaging. The optimal timing of imaging after injection either at stress or at rest is determined by rate of uptake in the heart and adjacent organs, as well as the residence time of radiotracers within the myocytes. The efficiency of myocardial extraction over a wide range myocardial blood flows is relevant for reliable detection of obstructive coronary artery disease and absolute quantification of regional myocardial blood flow. For each cardiac imaging agent the cellular mechanism of uptake and its release or retention are discussed with an emphasis on the clinical impact of these parameters.
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Andrade, Maria João, and Albert Varga. Stress echocardiography: methodology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0012.
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Stress echocardiography is the combination of echocardiography with a physical, pharmacological, or electrical stress. Good quality images are absolutely necessary and a quad-screen format should be applied for comparative analysis. Different stress echo protocols can be used in different pathologies. Exercise echocardiography has the advantages of its wide availability, low cost, and versatility for the assessment of various cardiac conditions. The most usual pathologies are suspected or known ischaemic heart disease, mitral and aortic valve diseases, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary hypertension. Among exercise-independent stresses, dobutamine and dipyridamole are the most frequently used. Dobutamine is widely accepted for the evaluation of myocardial viability. The two tests have comparable accuracy for the detection of coronary artery disease. Ergonovine echo is highly feasible, accurate, and safe for the diagnosis of coronary vasospasm. High-rate pacing is especially appropriate in patients with a permanent pacemaker because non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease in these patients is an extremely difficult task.
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Griffin, Laura. Flight: A heart-pounding, race-against-the-clock romantic thriller. Headline Eternal, 2021.
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8
Hastings, Anastasia, Peter Blauner, Juan Gómez-Jurado, Alex Finlay, and Stacy Willingham. Minotaur Sampler, Volume 7: New Books to Make Your Heart Race. St. Martin's Press, 2022.
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9
Red Lotus: A Rare Beauty - A Fierce Heart - A Destiny She Must Resist. Little, Brown Book Group Limited, 2009.
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10
Red Lotus: A Rare Beauty. A Fierce Heart. A Destiny She Must Resist. Little, Brown Book Group Limited, 2009.
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11
Wise, Matt, and Paul Frost. Critical illness. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0147.
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Critical illness can be considered to be any disease process which causes physiological instability that leads to disability or death within minutes or hours. Fortunately, physiological instability associated with critical illness is easily detected by perturbations of simple clinical observations such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturations, level of consciousness, and urine output. Individual abnormalities in these observations are sensitive for the presence of critical illness but non-specific. Specificity for critical illness improves as the number of abnormal clinical observations increases. Over recent years, a greater appreciation of the importance of deviations in simple clinical observations as a method of detecting critical illness has led to the development of a number of ‘early warning’ or ‘track and trigger’ systems. These systems attribute a score according to the magnitude and number of abnormal observations that are present, and a high score prompts immediate medical review. Although intuitively sensible, the evidence that these systems are effective in ameliorating or preventing critical illness is currently lacking. This chapter looks at the approach to diagnosis of critical illness, including the pitfalls in diagnosis.
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Karatasakis, G., and G. D. Athanassopoulos. Cardiomyopathies. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0019.
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Echocardiography is a key diagnostic method in the management of patients with cardiomyopathies.The main echocardiographic findings of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are asymmetric hypertrophy of the septum, increased echogenicity of the myocardium, systolic anterior motion, turbulent left ventricular (LV) outflow tract blood flow, intracavitary gradient of dynamic nature, mid-systolic closure of the aortic valve and mitral regurgitation. The degree of hypertrophy and the magnitude of the obstruction have prognostic meaning. Echocardiography plays a fundamental role not only in diagnostic process, but also in management of patients, prognostic stratification, and evaluation of therapeutic intervention effects.In idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, echocardiography reveals dilation and impaired contraction of the LV or both ventricles. The biplane Simpson’s method incorporates much of the shape of the LV in calculation of volume; currently, three-dimensional echocardiography accurately evaluates LV volumes. Deformation parameters might be used for detection of early ventricular involvement. Stress echocardiography using dobutamine or dipyridamole may contribute to risk stratification, evaluating contractile reserve and left anterior descending flow reserve. LV dyssynchrony assessment is challenging and in patients with biventricular pacing already applied, optimization of atrio-interventricular delays should be done. Specific characteristics of right ventricular dysplasia and isolated LV non-compaction can be recognized, resulting in an increasing frequency of their prevalence. Rare forms of cardiomyopathy related with neuromuscular disorders can be studied at an earlier stage of ventricular involvement.Restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathies are characterized by an increase in ventricular stiffness with ensuing diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. A variety of entities may produce this pathological disturbance with amyloidosis being the most prevalent. Storage diseases (Fabry, Gaucher, Hurler) are currently treatable and early detection of ventricular involvement is of paramount importance for successful treatment. Traditional differentiation between constrictive pericarditis (surgically manageable) and the rare cases of restrictive cardiomyopathy should be properly performed.
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Jacquemyn, Yves, and Anneke Kwee. Antenatal and intrapartum fetal evaluation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0006.
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Antenatal and intrapartum fetal monitoring aim to identify the beginning of the process of fetal hypoxia before irreversible fetal damage has taken place. Fetal movement counting by the mother has not been reported to be of any benefit. The biophysical profile score, incorporating ultrasound and fetal heart rate monitoring, has not been proven to reduce perinatal mortality in randomized trials. Doppler ultrasound allows the exploration of the perfusion of different fetal organ systems and provides data on possible hypoxia and fetal anaemia. Maternal uterine artery Doppler can be used to select women with a high risk for intrauterine growth restriction and pre-eclampsia but does not directly provide information on fetal status. Umbilical artery Doppler has been shown to reduce perinatal mortality significantly in high-risk pregnancies (but not in low-risk women). Adding middle cerebral artery Doppler to umbilical artery Doppler does not increase accuracy for detecting adverse perinatal outcome. Ductus venosus Doppler demonstrates moderate value in diagnosing fetal compromise; it is not known whether its use adds any value to umbilical artery Doppler alone. Cardiotocography (CTG) reflects the interaction between the fetal brain and peripheral cardiovascular system. Prelabour routine use of CTG in low-risk pregnancies has not been proven to improve outcome; computerized CTG significantly reduces perinatal mortality in high-risk pregnancies. Monitoring the fetus during labour with intermittent auscultation has not been compared to no monitoring at all; when compared with CTG no difference in perinatal mortality or cerebral palsy has been noted. CTG does lower neonatal seizures and is accompanied by a statistically non-significant rise in caesarean delivery. Fetal blood sampling to detect fetal pH and base deficit lowers caesarean delivery rate and neonatal convulsions when used in adjunct to CTG. Determination of fetal scalp lactate has not been shown to have an effect on neonatal outcome or on the rate of instrumental deliveries but is less often hampered by technical failure than fetal scalp pH. Analysis of the ST segment of the fetal ECG (STAN®) in combination with CTG during labour results in fewer vaginal operative deliveries, less need for neonatal intensive care, and less use of fetal blood sampling during labour, without a change in fetal metabolic acidosis when compared to CTG alone.
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AlJaroudi, Wael. Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Before and After Cardiac Revascularization. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0015.
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the burden of the disease remains high, the rates of death attributable to CAD have declined by almost a third between 1998 and 2008. In patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD), data supporting survival benefit from coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus no revascularization are outdated with the recent advancement in medical therapy. Over the years, myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has played a significant role in detecting ischemic burden, risk stratifying patients and guiding physicians to the best treatment strategy. Contrary to data from other trials, the role of stress MPI has been downplayed in more contemporary randomized clinical trial that failed to show that ischemic burden identifies the ideal candidate for revascularization or carries incremental prognostic value. Hence, there is an equipoise on the role of MPI in the management of patients prior to revascularization. The role of stress MPI post-revascularization has also been evaluated in multiple studies, mostly done in the last decade or prior. The guidelines advocate against routine stress MPI in asymptomatic patients (unless 5 years or more post-CABG), but allows it in the presence or recurrence of symptoms. The current chapter will review the data on survival benefit from revascularization, complementary role of stress MPI in selecting the appropriate candidate for revascularization, prognostic value of ischemic versus atherosclerotic burden, role of MPI post revascularization, updated guidelines and proposed algorithms to guide the treating physicians.
15
Just Detect Running Log Book. Running Log Book - No Eat Sleep Repeat Just Detect Metal Detecting Premium Graphic: Just Detect, Daily and Weekly Run Planner to Improve Your Runs, Track Distance, Time, Speed, Weather, Calories and Heart Rate, Day by Day Log for Runner and Jogger,Agenda. Independently Published, 2021.
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