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Hughes, Kenneth. "The epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in the ethnic groups in Singapore." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235906.
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Savatteri, Giuseppe. "Enviromental factors influencing heart diseases." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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È importante individuare strategie e meccanismi per sfruttare le opportunità offerte dalla digitalizzazione in ambito sanitario delle attività e dalla gestione dei Big Data per migliorare efficienza, monitoraggio, prevenzione e cura delle patologie. possibilità di applicazione della medicina di precisione, refertazione in anatomia patologica e automazione della raccolta dati.
Il lavoro di tesi è incentrato sulle problematiche legate alle malattie cardio-cerebrovascolari e la loro correlazione con il territorio con cui i soggetti interagiscono.
È stato realizzato un nuovo sistema di monitoraggio del territorio che possa individuare possibili legami tra la composizione del territorio, in termini di opere pubbliche e private, e lo stato di salute delle persone.
Un apposito insieme di dati viene fornito al modello di modello di machine learning, basato sulle reti neurali e provvederà ad operare nell'estrazione di possibili correlazioni tra la tipologia di edifici e la percentuale di soggetti a rischio cardiovascolare.
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Swerdan, Stephanie. "Modeling Heart Diseases in Drosophila." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/244831.
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Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) plays an important role in heart development and disease. Here we set out to create a Drosophila model of heart disease that will complement the existing mouse model based on Fragile X protein deficiency. Proteins within the Fragile X family are RNA binding proteins that control the translation of specific RNAs. Previous studies have shown that loss of Fragile X mental retardation protein, autosomal homolog 1 (FXR1) leads to heart phenotypes in the mouse. The Drosophila model will allow us to perform rapid genetic rescue experiments to identify specific targets of FMR1, the only type of FMR expressed in the fly, that are responsible for creating the structural and functional defects when FMR1 is repressed. To create a model of heart disease in the fly, we knocked down FMR1 and examined its effects by measuring the heart rate in early pupae. We discovered that the total loss of function for FMR1 leads a decreased heart rate. Interestingly, heterozygous loss of function (LOF) mutants exhibited a significant decrease in heart rate that could be partially rescued by inserting hFXR1, a human homolog of FMRP.
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Alsalamah, Mashail. "Heart diseases diagnosis using artificial neural networks." Thesis, Coventry University, 2017. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/a9564d2b-df62-4573-8888-cabdbbdcd4e0/1.
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Information technology has virtually altered every aspect of human life in the present era. The application of informatics in the health sector is rapidly gaining prominence and the benefits of this innovative paradigm are being realized across the globe. This evolution produced large number of patients’ data that can be employed by computer technologies and machine learning techniques, and turned into useful information and knowledge. This data can be used to develop expert systems to help in diagnosing some life-threating diseases such as heart diseases, with less cost, processing time and improved diagnosis accuracy. Even though, modern medicine is generating huge amount of data every day, little has been done to use this available data to solve challenges faced in the successful diagnosis of heart diseases. Highlighting the need for more research into the usage of robust data mining techniques to help health care professionals in the diagnosis of heart diseases and other debilitating disease conditions. Based on the foregoing, this thesis aims to develop a health informatics system for the classification of heart diseases using data mining techniques focusing on Radial Basis functions and emerging Neural Networks approach. The presented research involves three development stages; firstly, the development of a preliminary classification system for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) using Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks. The research then deploys the deep learning approach to detect three different types of heart diseases i.e. Sleep Apnea, Arrhythmias and CAD by designing two novel classification systems; the first adopt a novel deep neural network method (with Rectified Linear unit activation) design as the second approach in this thesis and the other implements a novel multilayer kernel machine to mimic the behaviour of deep learning as the third approach. Additionally, this thesis uses a dataset obtained from patients, and employs normalization and feature extraction means to explore it in a unique way that facilitates its usage for training and validating different classification methods. This unique dataset is useful to researchers and practitioners working in heart disease treatment and diagnosis. The findings from the study reveal that the proposed models have high classification performance that is comparable, or perhaps exceed in some cases, the existing automated and manual methods of heart disease diagnosis. Besides, the proposed deep-learning models provide better performance when applied on large data sets (e.g., in the case of Sleep Apnea), with reasonable performance with smaller data sets. The proposed system for clinical diagnoses of heart diseases, contributes to the accurate detection of such disease, and could serve as an important tool in the area of clinic support system. The outcome of this study in form of implementation tool can be used by cardiologists to help them make more consistent diagnosis of heart diseases.
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Hopmeyer, Joanne. "Effect of physiologic parameters on the quantification of mitral regurgitation using the flow convergence method." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10969.
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Phoku, Nkosinathi Terrence. "Cardiovascular risk factors among 15-20 years old rural subjects residing in Dikgale Demographic Surveillance Site (DDSS), Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1048.
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Thesis (M.Sc. (Chemical Pathology) --University of Limpopo, 2013Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among one of the well documented conditions and pose a significant health burden in the world as they areconsidered to be of adult onset. However, recent studies have shown that in developed countries CVD risk factors are becoming prevalent in young people which isof great concern. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if CVD risk factors are present in young subjects aged 15-20 years of age residing in a rural area of a developing country. Methods: Subjects aged between 15-20 years who participated in the “Gene - Environment interaction project” were included in this sub-study. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDLcholesterol, insulin, glucose, creatinine, Lp(a), apoB, apoA-1 and hs-CRPwere determined. Blood pressure, physical activity (number of steps/day), weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference were obtained from the database. Subjects with CRP levels above 10mg/L and creatinine levels above 130 mmol/L were excluded. Results: The present study showed an overall high prevalence of some CVD risk factors. There was high prevalence of insulin resistance (23.0% in females and 34.7% in males), and high hs-CRP (18.4% in females, 12.9% in males). The prevalence of low HDL-C levels was high (55.2% in females and 16.8 % in males), however, the prevalence of abnormal levels of other lipids such as total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio was low in both males and females. The prevalence of an increased apoB/apoA ratio was significantly higher in females 26.4% compared to males 7.9%. The prevalence of overweight (12.6%) and obesity (9.2%) was higher in females than in males (overweight 1%, obesity 0 %). The prevalence of hypertension was comparable between the two genders (5.7% in females and 10.9 % in males). Conclusion: The results showed a relatively high prevalence of non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in adolescents residing in a rural area, Limpopo Province, while the prevalence of traditional risk factors such as total cholesterol and triglycerides was low.
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Burleson, Armelle Cagniot. "Analysis of turbulent jets for the determination of heart valve leakage." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11307.
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李詠鸞 and Wing-luen Lee. "Multidisciplinary cardiac program for patients with heart failure." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43251328.
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Yao, Guiqing. "The economic evaluations of interventions for heart diseases." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1058/.
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The primary aim of the thesis was to report new cost-effectiveness evidence in the clinical area of heart disease. Following a review of published empirical work, this was achieved by undertaking three new cost-effectiveness studies: one in nurse-led secondary prevention clinics for coronary heart disease in primary care, one on cardiac resynchronisation therapy with or without an implantable cardioverter defibrillator in chronic heart failure, and the final one on a new drug therapy, nebivolol, compared with standard treatment in elderly patients with heart failure. The second aim of the thesis concerned the application of modelling methodology, with the intent being the provision of general recommendations in using Markov modelling approaches in economic evaluation conducted in the heart disease area. The focus was on extrapolation of cost-effectiveness of an intervention beyond a trial both in terms of the time horizon of the analysis and in relation to the population involved. Fundamental issues in parametric distribution functions and Markov modelling approaches have been revisited, with detailed consideration of which parametric distribution functions should be employed when extrapolating beyond a trial and how they could be adopted into model-based analyses. The need for further methodology investigations in this area is discussed in conclusion.
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Lefebvre, Xavier. "Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy : an in-vitro study." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11712.
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Human, Lucille. "Homocystinuria and hyperhomocysteinaemia in the Western Cape." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1020&context=td_ctech.
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Dal-Santo, Mary Gail. "Evaluation of an early discharge service for cardiac rehabilitation at home." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26198.
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This study evaluates the outcomes of a hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation program designed to deliver the first phase of cardiac rehabilitation services at home. The program was established in a community hospital in 1985, operating under the administration of the hospital's Medical Day Centre. Patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (MI) are referred to the program by their physician and receive services from a cardiac nurse specialist immediately upon discharge. The services continue for a period of 6 weeks. The outcomes of importance in the study are the effects of the program on hospital services in the initial 10 month period and on patient's health related behaviour 3 months post infarction. Results of the study indicate that program goals were achieved during the initial 10 months of the study. Physicians referred 92% of the eligible patients and the average length of stay (ALOS) in hospital was satisfactorily reduced. For patients with uncomplicated MI the ALOS was 8.6 days by the tenth month. At 3 month follow up, patients reported significant improvements over their pre infarction health related behaviour. There were significant increases in the frequency of light exercise (p<-0005), in the regular use of low fat dairy products (p=.0003) and in the practice of restricting calories (p=.003) while significant decreases were reported in the frequency of consuming fried foods (p<.0005), salted foods (p<.0005) and rich foods (p<.005) and in the regular use of table salt (p=.00003). Smoking cessation was reported by 50% of the smokers at follow up. Patients reported a high level of satisfaction with the program, describing the service as well timed, informative, practical and valuable in restoring their self confidence. While these results were satisfactory with regards to the program goals, the evaluation was based on a single group design and further investigation is desirable with comparisons between hospitals and between patients with and without exposure to the program.Medicine, Faculty of
Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of
Graduate
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Makubalo, Zola. "Mutation screening of candidate genes and the development of polymorphic markers residing on chromosome 19q13.3, the progressive familial heart block I gene search area." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51838.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Progressive familial heart block type I (PFHBI) is a cardiac ventricular conduction disorder of unknown cause associated with risk of sudden death, which has been described in several South African families. Clinically, PFHBI is characterised by right bundle branch block on ECG, which may progress to complete heart block, necessitating pacemaker implantation. The disease shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with evidence of genetic anticipation. Using genetic linkage analysis, the PFHBI-causative gene was mapped to a 10 eentimorgan (cM) gene-rich area of chromosome (C) 19q13.3, which has, subsequently, been reduced to 7cM by fine mapping with polymorphic dinucleotide (CA)n short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Several attractive candidate genes, including muscle glycogen synthase (GSY 1) and histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC), lie within this region. The aim of the present study was two-fold: 1) to identify and characterise tetranucleotide (AAAT)n STRs within the PFHBI critical region that could be developed as polymorphic markers for use in genetic fine mapping and 2) to screen selected regions of GSY 1and HRC, positional candidate genes, for the presence ofPFHBI-causing mutation(s). Cosmids harbouring CI9q13.3 insert DNA were screened for the presence of (AAAT)n STRs by dot blot and Southern blot hybridisation using a radiolabelled (AAAT)lO oligonucleotide probe. To characterise the harboured (AAAT)n STRs, the positively hybridising fragments identified by Southern blot were sub-cloned, sequenced and primers designed from the unique repeat-flanking sequences. These primers were used to genotype the (AAAT)n repeat locus to assess its polymorphic nature in a panel of unrelated individuals. Alternatively, vectorette PCR, a rapid method of identifying repeat sequences and obtaining the flanking sequences in large inserts, was employed to develop polymorphic markers from the positively hybridising clones. Selected exons of GSY1 and HRC were screened for the presence of potentially disease-causing mutations by PCR-SSCP analysis and direct sequencing, respectively, in PFHBI-affected and unaffected family members. Of the available cosmid clones that gave strong signals on dot blot and Southern blot hybridisation, three, 29395, 24493 and 20381, were located within the critical PFHBI area and were used for marker development. An interrupted (AAAT)n repeat motif (n less than 5) was identified in cosmid 29395, however, the repeat locus was not polymorphic in the tested population. No (AAAT)n motif, single or repeated was observed in the partial sequence of the sub-cloned fragment of cosmid 24493. Using vectorette peR, no repeated (AAAT)n motif was identified on sequencing the generated products in either cosmid 24493 or 2038l. However, diffuse single AAAT motifs were detected in both cosmids. Exons 4, 5, 11, 12 and 16 of GSY 1, containing domains that are conserved across species, and the conserved eterminus- encoding exons 2-6 of HRC were selected for screening for potential PFHBI-causing mutation(s). However, no sequence variations were detected. The interrupted (AAAT)n repeat identified in cosmid 29395 was not polymorphic, which confirmed reports that complex repeats, especially those containing AAAT motifs of less than 6 repeats, are not polymorphic. One possible explanation for the absence of a repeated AAAT motif in cosmids 24493 and 20381, which both gave positive hybridisation signals, is that the low annealing temperature of the AfT -rich repeat-anchored primers used in vectorette peR may have resulted in transient annealing to the diffuse single AAAT motifs detected on sequencing. The screened regions of candidate genes GSYI and HRC were excluded from carrying the disease-causing mutation(s). The availability of new sequence data generated by the Human Genome Project will influence future strategies to identify the PFHBI gene. Electronic searches will allow identification of STR sequences for development of polymorphic markers and gene annotation will allow selection of new candidate genes for mutation screening.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sien volteks vir opsomming
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Boyers, Albert S. "SPECT myocardial perfusion scans : a left ventricular defect size estimation algorithm and a three dimensional computer simulation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14879.
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Bailey, Barry D. "Physiological responses, perceptual responses and target heart rate compliance of coronary heart disease patients during walk-jog exercise." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91082.
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Nine male CHD patients volunteered for testing to determine variations in heart rate response (HR), walk-jog velocity (W) and compliance to the target heart rate zone under three monitoring conditions. Determination of variations in W, peripheral perceived exertion (RPEL) chest perceived exertion (RPEC) and post-exercise lactate accumulation (La) during exercise which was held constant between 60-80% maximum HR reserve were also made. Procedures consisted of three 20 min walk-jog exercise conditions. First, two baseline condition (BC) trials were performed on separate days with exercise intensity regulated through intermittent defibrillator-ECG HR checks and radial/carotid artery palpation. Next, continuous telemetry monitoring of HR by staff was added during a single exercise trial (TC). Finally, two ExersentryRcondition (EC) trials were performed on separate days with continuous feedback concerning HR response provided to the patient via ExersentryR devices. Evaluation of HR and W revealed no significant variation between conditions. However, % target HR reserve attained was significantly (p>0.05) lower during early and late BC, as compared to TC. Furthermore, "frequency in" vs "frequency out" of target HR zone was significantly (p>0.05) greater during EC, as compared to TC. During EC, no significant variations in HR, W, La, RPEL and RPEC were noted. Correlation coefficient values between 0.76-0.95 and 0.58-0.80 were reported for RPEL and RPEC, respectively. This data suggested that continuous feedback concerning HR response resulted in the greatest compliance to the target HR zone. With the exception of the first five min of EC, only RPEL reliably mirrored HR and W.
Index terms: Intermittent heart rate monitoring, continuous heart rate monitoring, heart rate response, walk-jog velocity, target heart rate compliance, peripheral perceived exertion, chest perceived exertion, post-exercise lactate accumulation.M.S.
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Cho, Jinsoo. "Velocity-based cardiac segmentation and motion-tracking." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-180106/unrestricted/cho%5Fjinsoo%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.
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Retzner, Rebecca J. "Examination of the registered dietitian's role in the implementation of dietary interventions to patients in cardiovascular rehabilitation phase II programs." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286763.
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The purpose of this research study was to examine the nature and scope of nutrition counseling and/or education available to cardiac patients and the role of the Registered Dietitian (RD) in Cardiac Rehab Phase II Programs. One hundred and fifty programs were surveyed in regards to their program and the programs elements in regards to nutrition topics. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically examine the nature and scope of nutrition counseling and/or education and the role of the Registered Dietitian in Cardiac Rehab Phase II Programs.The results indicated that almost 75% of the programs surveyed offered nutrition counseling and/or education, regardless of the region examined. Also the majority of the programs were identified to have a Registered Dietitian on staff, but less than half reported a Registered Dietitian employment as full-time. There were also significant differences in regards to nutrition education topics among the regions. The results also uncovered a discrepancy between the perceived importance of having a Registered Dietitian on staff and their role as the primary provider of nutrition counseling and/or education.Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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Darwich, Rami. "Functional Analysis of KLF13 in the Heart." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34317.
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Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the largest class of birth defects in humans and are a major cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Deciphering the molecular and genetic etiologies central for heart development and the pathogenesis of congenital heart diseases (CHD) is a challenging puzzle. We have previously demonstrated that the zinc-finger kruppel-like transcription factor KLF13, expressed predominantly in the atria, binds evolutionarily conserved regulatory elements known as CACC-boxes and transcriptionally activates several cardiac promoters. KLF13 loss of function in Xenopus embryos was associated with cardiac developmental defects underscoring its critical role in the heart. In the current study, using in vivo and in vitro approaches, we examined KLF13’s mechanisms of action and its interaction with other cardiac regulators. To test the evolutionary conserved role in the mammalian heart, we deleted the Klf13 gene in transgenic mice using homologous recombination. Mice with homozygote deletion of Klf13 were born at reduced frequency owing to severe heart defects. We also report the existence of a novel isoform of KLF13, referred to here as KLF13b. Furthermore, we report that KLF13 interacts biochemically and genetically with the T-box transcription factor TBX5 which is a key regulator of heart development. Our data provide novel insight into the role of KLF13 in cardiac transcription and suggest that KLF13 maybe a genetic modifier of congenital heart disease. Furthering our knowledge of protein-protein interactions and gene transcription will enhance genotype-phenotype correlation and contribute to better understanding of the etiology of CHD.
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Carlhäll, Carljohan. "Annular dynamics of the human heart : novel echocardiographic approaches to assess ventricular function /." Linköping : Univ, 2004. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2004/med871s.pdf.
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Green, Kerrie L. "A descriptive analysis of cardiac rehabilitation education programs." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1177976.
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The purpose of this research was to obtain information on the content of education within cardiac rehabilitation programs, methods of administering education, what the barriers are to providing education and which professionals administer education.To reach this goal, a questionnaire was modified from a previous study and a pilot study was undertaken to establish reliability of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was then sent to a sample of 100 directors of cardiac rehabilitation programs belonging to The American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR). The questionnaire focused on 13 established areas of education within cardiac rehabilitation programs.Once the questionnaires were completed, the information was transferred to a table format based upon the 13 content areas. The following conclusions were drawn from the research and the data gathered: 11 of the 13 content areas are offered at least 84% of the time, the major barriers for the 13 content areas were lack of time and lack of interest on the patient's behalf, the most frequent methods of education for all 13 content areas were individual education, print materials, and group education, and the primary educator overall for all 13 content areas was the nurse followed by the exercise physiologist and dietitian/nutritionist.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Heiser, Claire Anne. "Personality predictors of coronary heart disease." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50027.
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Fifty percent of the diagnosed cases of coronary heart disease in the United States are of unknown etiology. This study proposed that five personality traits— achievement, dominance, aggression, succorance and Critical Parent—differentiate individuals with coronary heart disease manifestations. The ultimate goal of this research was to formulate a predictive profile of at-risk individuals of developing coronary heart disease.
Cardiac rehabilitation units' participants from across the United States were recruited as subjects. Randomly selected cardiac rehabilitation units were sent an initial letter inquiring whether their staff would be willing to participate in the study by administering the instruments to their participants. Eight units from each of the 50 states were contacted. A total of fourteen units agreed to participate. One hundred sixty-nine subjects completed the Demographic Data Questionnaire and the Adjective Check List.
Five scale scores, representing the five personality differentials, were analyzed. Comparison of the male subject population (n=135) and the male normative population (n=198) revealed no significant differences in terms of the five traits. Comparison of diagnostic subgroups of the subject population also revealed no significant differences.
It was concluded that the subject population did not differ significantly from the normative population in terms of the five traits assess by the instrument used. The goal of a predictive profile was not realized due to this lack of findings.Master of Science
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Chatzimavroudis, George P. "Quantification of valvular regurgitation with magnetic resonance phase velocity mapping." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11808.
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Austin, Jacky. "A comparison of cardiac rehabilitation versus standard care in elderly patients with heart failure." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2003. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-comparison-of-cardiac-rehabilitation-versus-standard-care-in-elderly-patients-with-heart-failure(c61f6019-a868-46dc-a828-6fac2ba27b8d).html.
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Heart failure, a condition predominantly affecting the elderly, represents an ever increasing clinical and financial burden for the NHS. Patients with symptomatic heart failure have a poor prognosis and a high degree of morbidity. Current research findings suggest that enhancement of self-care through education, optimisation of pharmacological therapy, exercise training, lifestyle modification and counselling improves patient outcomes and reduces hospitalization. Cardiac rehabilitation, a service that incorporates all the aforementioned components, has yet to be evaluated in heart failure management. Set in a district general hospital with a primary catchment area of 500,000 inhabitants, this study is among the first of its type in the U.K. The study evaluates the effects of a cardiac rehabilitation programme on a range of outcome measures: mortality, health related quality of life, functional change, health care utilisation and clinical status. The design is a randomised controlled trial, comparing cardiac rehabilitation to standard care. Two hundred patients (60 - 89 years, 66% male) were recruited from hospital clinics, wards, and general practice. Patients with NYHAII or in heart failure confirmed, by echocardiography, were randomly allocated to control or experimental groups. Both patient groups attended out patient appointments to see the specialist nurse and cardiologist every eight weeks. In addition, patients in the experimental group attended cardiac rehabilitation classes twice weekly for eight weeks, followed by weekly exercise sessions for 16 weeks. Intervention consisted of exercise prescription, education, dietetics, occupational therapy and psychosocial counselling. A selection of measures were used to collect data over six months: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure (MLHF), New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, EuroQol (EQ-5D), the six-minute walk test, Borg's rating of perceived exertion (RPE), medication compliance monitored by ACE inhibition, routine biochemisty, prescribed medication, coronary risk factor status, medical records and patient diaries. Results show statistically significant improvements for the experimental group in comparison to control patients. Improvements were identified in health related quality of life, functional status, metrs walked and patient cost utility; a reduction in hospital admissions attributable to heart disease was evident. No statistical difference between patient groups was evident in mortality, contact with primary health care professionals, compliance and clinical status. The findings are discussed in terms of previous rehabilitation studies. In conclusion, this study describes the necessary infrastructure and provides an evidence base for implementing a successful multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation programme in a district general hospital.
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LeRoy, James Allan 1955. "THE INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF POST-SURGICAL CONFUSION IN CARDIAC TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (POST-CARDIOTOMY DELERIUM, HEART TRANSPLANTATION, OPEN-HEART SURGERY)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275554.
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Nitoiu, Daniela. "Insights into molecular and functional mechanisms behind inherited heart and skin disorders." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2015. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8911.
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Desmosomes are macromolecular, dynamic and adaptable complexes that connect intermediate filaments of neighboring cells in a variety of tissues, generating a large mechanically resilient structure. The importance of maintaining desmosome homeostasis for tissue integrity and optimal organ function has been revealed through the identification of desmosome-associated disorders and mechanistic studies into desmosome regulation. This thesis focuses on inherited skin and heart conditions linked to mutations in desmosomal genes or in genes believed to be implicated in desmosome regulation. Part of this thesis is focused on the molecular analysis and identification of novel desmosomal mutations in patients clinically diagnosed with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, and the genetic diagnosis of patients with hypotrichosis, hypotrichosis and PPK or acral peeling skin syndrome. Patients were analysed using a number of different genetic techniques including custom capture array, HaloPlex targeted resequencing, exome capture and Sanger sequencing. Both novel and previously reported mutations were identified in DSP, DSC2, DSG2, PKP2, DSG4 or CSTA in patients diagnosed with these disorders. The molecular mechanisms behind mutations in the protease inhibitors cystatin A and calpastatin, leading to the skin disorders exfoliative ichthyosis and PLACK syndrome, were also investigated. In vitro analysis, using siRNA-mediated knockdown in the immortalised keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, demonstrated that these mutations, affecting the structure and function of the protease inhibitors, lead to deficient intercellular adhesion, possibly through the indirect regulation of desmosomal complexes through their target proteases.
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Spinner, Erin M. "Tricuspid valve mechanics: understanding the effect of annular dilatation and papillary muscle displacement." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45754.
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Tricuspid regurgitation (TR), back flow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium, has been reported in approximately 85% of the population, with 16% having mild or severe TR. Patients with untreated moderate to severe TR are likely to experience decreased exercise capacity and have increased morbidity and mortality, thus affecting the patient's quality of life. Current methods of repair offer limited rates of success, and many patients require further operations to correct returning levels of TR. Incomplete repair may be due to incomplete understanding of the functional anatomy and mechanics of the TV and the underlying causes of TR.
It was hypothesized that alterations in the geometry of tricuspid valve annular and subvalvular apparatus induced by ventricular dilatation determine the severity of TR. In vivo measurements of papillary muscle (PM) position in patients with single or biventricular dilatation revealed PM displacement away from the center of the annulus as compared to control patients. Additionally, pulmonary arterial pressure, annulus area, ventricular size and apical displacement of the anterior PM were highly correlated with the severity of TR. An in vitro right-heart simulator was developed to investigate isolated mechanics of TR. Through these in vitro studies it was demonstrated that the tricuspid valve begins to leak at only 40% dilation, much lower than the mitral valve. Additionally, it was shown that isolated PM displacement resulted in significant TR. The highest levels of TR were achieved with a combination of annular dilatation and PM displacement. Alterations in leaflet coaptation, as quantified by measuring the amount of leaflet available for coaptation and leaflet mobility were observed with annular dilatation and PM displacement, both isolated and combined. The changes in leaflet coaptation resulted in redistribution of the forces on the chords originating from the anterior PM and inserting into the anterior and posterior leaflets.
The findings herein provide the clinical and scientific community with a mechanistic understanding of the tricuspid valve to further improve intervention and repair of TV disease.
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Pangallo, Georgianne. "Effect of a supportive and informational telephone call on threat appraisal in the newly discharged surgical cardiac patient." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722461.
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The purpose of the present study was to test the theoretical relationship of the concepts of informational support and threat appraisal with a sample of surgical cardiac patients twenty-four hours after discharge from the hospital. These discharged patients were adjusting to the transition of hospital to home environment while still recovering from a life threatening illness. They may need varying informational supports to reduce their threat perception of the magnitude of the illness. A convenience sample of thirty-six surgical cardiac patients was assigned to three groups. The groups received the standard discharge preparation as stated by the hospitals' policy and procedure manual. The experimental group received a supportive and informational telephone call approximately twenty-four hours after discharge. The second group was the placebo group, these participants were given a telephone call at the end of the twenty-four hours to remind them to return the questionnaire. The third group was the control group, received no telephone call and were instructed to complete the questionnaire at the specified time. All groups were instructed at the time of initial contact to complete the questionnaire at approximately the end of the first twenty-four hours after discharge. The placebo group and control group were then pooled for data analysis due to the low return rate of the two groups. The two groups were compared with a t-test. The demographic data compared age and educational level to the perceived level of threat. Reliability of the tool was determined using a Cronbach's Alpha.School of Nursing
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Murchie, Karen J. (Karen Jo) 1973. "Arterial function in hypertension and heart failure." Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8884.
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Zeng, Ke Han. "Innovative cuboid method to attenuate noises from site-measured heart sound signals." Thesis, University of Macau, 2015. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3335275.
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Gieseking, Elizabeth Robinson. "Control mechanism for the papillary muscles of the mitral valve : an In Vitro study." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10912.
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Kotb, Ahmed. "The Impact of Telemedicine in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Heart Diseases." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30490.
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The potential that telemedicine interventions may have in effectively delivering remote specialized cardiovascular care to large numbers of patients with heart diseases has recently come under question. In the first phase of this thesis, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to compare the impact of a basic form of telemedicine that is regular patient follow-up by telephone, with usual care for individuals with coronary artery disease following their discharge. In the second phase of this thesis, a network meta-analysis, using Bayesian methods for multiple treatment comparisons, was conducted to compare the more complex forms of telemedicine for patients with heart failure. In the third and final phase of this thesis, a randomized controlled trial was designed to compare the impact of two forms of telemedicine, identified in the earlier two phases as being the most promising, on clinical outcomes, cardiac risk factors and patient reported outcomes.
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Royce-Richmond, Judy Elaine. "The effects of knowledge and attitude toward computer assisted instruction on patient education of cardiac risk factors." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722462.
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This study assessed differences in the knowledge of cardiac risk factors and the attitude toward computer assisted instruction (CAI) in cardiac rehabilitation patients instructed by lecture and transparencies or CAI. The quasi-experimental two-group posttest design used a convenience sample of 30 volunteers enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation program. After randomization, cardiac risk factor instruction was conducted via lecture or the investigator developed CAI. The subjects completed a knowledge instrument which demonstrated content validity and a Kuder-Richardson formula 20 reliability coefficient of .0 and the Attitude Toward CAI scale which demonstrated content validity and a Cronbach's alpha .853 and .759. The data were analyzed by the two-sample t-test utilizing the .05 probability level. The results indicated a nonsignificant t value of .00 (df 28, p = 1.00) in the knowledge scores and a nonsignificant t value of 2.00 (df 28, p = .05) in attitude scores therefore the results failed to reject both null hypotheses. The conclusions drawn from this study are that CAI was as effective as lecture for patient education and that attitudes toward CAI were favorable.School of Nursing
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Valentine, Cassandra E. "The relationship of proxy-efficacy and self-efficacy on the intention to continue cardiac rehabilitation." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1399197.
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Cardiac rehabilitation is profoundly effective at improving physical activity and reducing morbidity and mortality of heart patients. Despite its effectiveness, it is highly underutilized. Research indicates proxy-efficacy and self efficacy positively correlate and predict exercise adherence after Phase II cardiac rehabilitation (Bray & Cowan, 2004; Bray, Brawley, & Millen, 2006). The purpose of the current study aims to investigate the relationship of Phase I patients' proxy-efficacy and self efficacy and their intention to enroll in Phase II cardiac rehabilitation. Thirty participants completed measurements of self-efficacy and proxy-efficacy, a demographic questionnaire, and asked to indicate intent to enroll. Results revealed proxy-efficacy does not predict intention to enroll into Phase II cardiac rehabilitation. Even though patients generally had high confidence in their cardiac rehabilitation specialists, proxy-efficacy was an insufficient predictor of intention to enroll in subsequent cardiac rehabilitation services. Moreover, results indicate proxy-efficacy and self efficacy for exercise are not related.School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Hartnick, Maria Diana. "Echocardiography for early detection of heart disease in high risk diabetic patients." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1566.
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Masters of Technology: Radiography
in the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2015Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with a significant impact on personal lifestyle and wellbeing. It is associated with a high prevalence of myocardial disease, the early detection of which is important for prevention of disease progression. Although echocardiography is recognised as a leading cardiovascular imaging modality, there has been limited work on its role in the early detection of diabetes-related myocardial dysfunction. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the role of echocardiography in the early detection of diabetes-related myocardial disease, in a population with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: A single sonographer, blinded to individual biochemical markers conducted detailed echocardiographic examinations on 407 participants from a Cape Town community with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Participants were subsequently stratified by biochemical status, as normoglyceamia or hyperglycaemia. The echocardiographic features of the two groups were compared using the Pearson chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Findings: Hyperglycaemia was associated with left atrium (LA) enlargement (p ˂ 0.0014), aortic enlargement (p ˂ 0.0067) and inter-ventricular septal (IVS) thickening (p ˂ 0.0001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that echocardiography can be a useful screening tool for myocardial dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Baril, Jacinthe. "Interaction between circulatory and respiratory exercise adaptation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF)." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97901.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) patients show a marked reduction in exercise capacity compared to that of healthy age-matched individuals. While inadequate gas exchange and resulting hypoxemia appears as the primary factor in COPD, an impaired cardiac output is the predominant explanation for the reduced oxygen delivery in CHF. However, the extent of the contributions of other systemic factors remains unclear. In light of the potential interactions between cardiac output (Qc) and pulmonary hyperinflation, there is surprisingly little data thus far on ventilatory constraints in CHF and on the role of blood flow delivery in COPD which may further limit the exercise capacity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the slope of the Qc versus oxygen uptake (VO2) response through several submaximal cycling loads in patients with moderately severe COPD and with that of moderate to severe CHF patients as well as age-matched healthy control subjects (CTRL). Also examined was the possibility that ventilatory constraints such as dynamic hyperinflation contribute to an abnormal stroke volume response in both diseases. Cardiac output was measured using the CO 2-rebreathing equilibrium technique during baseline conditions and cycling at 20, 40 and 65% of peak power in 17 COPD (Age: 64 +/- 8 yrs; FEV 1/FVC: 37 +/- 11%; FEV1: 41 +/- 15 % predicted), 10 CHF (Age: 57+/- 10 yrs; FEV1/FVC: 73.8 +/- 5.6%; FEV 1: 93 +/- 13% predicted) and 10 age-matched CTRL subjects. Inspiratory capacity (IC) was also measured for the determination of dynamic hyperinflation during the steady state exercise bouts. The results indicate that while the absolute Qc values are lower in COPD and in CHF than in CTRL during 65% peak power cycling (11.30 +/- 2.38 vs 12.40 +/- 2.08 vs 15.63 +/- 2.15 L•min-1 respectively, p < 0.01), likely due to their lower exercise metabolic demand. The Qc/VO2 response to increasing levels of exercise intensity was lower or normal in CHF patients compared to CTRL, while normal or hyperdynamic in most COPD patients. Indeed, the majority of patients with COPD exhibited Qc/VO2 slopes greater than 7.0, which may be indicative of a peripheral muscle bioenergetic disturbance that may drive the need for greater oxygen delivery, and thus result in an exaggerated central circulatory response.
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Simons, Dianne Margaret. "The hydrodynamics of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10257.
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Derry, Christopher William. "The relationship between the hardness of potable water and cardiovascular and ischaemic heart disease mortality in South African urban areas." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25808.
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Studies carried out in a number of countries have revealed statistically significant negative correlations between death rates from cardiovascular disease (CVD) or ischaemic heart disease (IHD), and the hardness of local water supplies, a phenomenon which is known as the "water story". These findings have not, however, been universal and it was decided that a study carried out in South Africa with its high CVD and IHD death rates, might yield meaningful results to contradict or support existing findings. In 1983 a pilot study was thus initiated using a spatial model and a more detailed study began in 1984. This study ultimately involved the correlation of standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for CVD and IHD with total water hardness and with a number of contributory and associated water quality factors. The study supported the hypothesised "water story", showing the existence of negative correlations between standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for both CVD and IHD, and the hardness of potable water, whether measured as total hardness or as its two major contributory cations, calcium and magnesium. The level of statistical significance at which this correlation occurred, however, varied with differences in methodological approach. A "population-unweighted" methodology, which was applied to enable comparison with a number of previously published studies, pointed to potassium (a known hypertension normalisor) in permanently hard water as being an important factor. Problems inherent to each methodological approach have been discussed as has the need for improved data. In this regard, the need for a National water quality data bank has been emphasised.
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Purdum, Michael B. "The Effects of Positive Emotion, Negative Emotion, Flourishing, and Languishing on Cardiovascular Risk." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30503/.
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Positive psychology has led a movement that concentrates on positive characteristics. The current study examined the relationship between positive emotions, negative emotions, flourishing, languishing, and cardiovascular functioning. The study uses guided imagery to help participants recall a negative emotional event and positive emotional event in a counterbalanced order. The reverse order allowed us to examine the differential contributions of stress buffering versus facilitated recovery effects to higher levels of heart rate variability (HRV). The study also examined the relationship between mental health categories and known cardiovascular disease risk. Univariate analysis of variance revealed that positive emotions can serve as a stress buffer and dampen cardiovascular responses to a negative event. Also, analysis revealed a trend for the prediction that positive emotions can facilitate cardiovascular recovery following a negative event. Exploratory analysis did not reveal differences between a facilitated recovery group and a buffering group for cardiovascular measures. Future studies should include tighter control to help compare the differential influences of stress facilitation and stress buffering on cardiovascular functioning. The results from the study indicate that it is still too early to tell whether mental health buffers those individuals from developing CVD, and to answer whether languishing increases the risk of CVD. Longitudinal studies of young individuals without a prior history of any risk of CVD and who are flourishing or languishing might help provide answers to these questions.
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Ala-Kopsala, M. (Minna). "Circulating N-terminal fragments of A- and B-type natriuretic peptides: molecular heterogeneity, measurement and clinical application." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282469.
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Abstract
Natriuretic peptides have emerged as important candidates for the development of diagnostic tools in cardiovascular disease. Their increased concentrations have been found to be useful for ruling out disease of cardiac origin, as prognostic indicators, and in the follow-up of patients with heart failure. In order for natriuretic peptides to be efficient biomarkers, analytical problems in assay specificity and calibration need to be resolved. The aim of the present study was to elucidate circulating molecular components of N-terminal fragments of A- and B-type natriuretic peptides (NT-proANP and NT-proBNP) in human blood, and to develop reliable and novel assays for their measurement with clinical application.
Reliable immunoassays for NT-proANP and NT-proBNP were set up based on recombinant calibrators and antisera against different epitopes. A novel immunoassay for detecting the activation of A- and/or B-type natriuretic peptide systems, referred to as NT-proXNP, was also developed. The chromatographic results of human plasma and serum samples indicated that NT-proANP and especially NT-proBNP are heterogeneous in human circulation. They are truncated at both termini, causing a serious risk of preanalytical errors. Further studies with recombinant peptides confirmed that the central parts of NT-proANP and NT-proBNP are stable in plasma and serum even at harsh storage conditions. Thus the most reliable assays are directed at the central portions of the molecule only.
All developed assays were applicable to clinical samples of cardiac patients. NT-proXNP showed a diagnostic efficiency equal to or slightly better compared to individual NT-proANP and NT-proBNP assays. Furthermore, the prognostic value of NT-proANP and NT-proBNP was investigated in a population-based sample of men. Both peptides were strong predictors of mortality and its co-morbidities, adding to the prognostic value of conventional risk factors.
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Lee, Man-ching Anney. "Effects of the disease management programme with nurse-led heart failure clinic." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40721036.
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Lao, Xiangqian. "Inflammation, metabolic syndrome and vascular diseases in older Chinese the Guangzhou biobank cohort study /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687685.
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Truong, Jocelyn. "The Cytotoxic Effects of Methylmercury on Cardiomyocytes: A Possible Implication for Heart Diseases?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31687.
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Methylmercury (MeHg) is known predominantly as a neurotoxicant, however emerging experimental and epidemiological evidence has shown associations between MeHg exposure and the potential for increased risks of cardiovascular diseases. This thesis investigated the in vitro cytotoxic effects of MeHg in two cardiomyocyte cell lines, H9C2 rat neonatal cell line and AC16 adult human cell line. We observed significant increases in cell death at concentrations from 1 – 10 µM. ROS production and intracellular calcium concentrations increased dose-dependantly with MeHgCl exposure. Furthermore, while assessing mitochondrial function, a decline in maximal respiration at 1 µM was seen. However, these observations may in turn be a direct consequence of decreased cell numbers following exposures. Additionally, this study highlighted the differences in cellular bioenergetics which may impact how certain cells respond to contaminant stressors. The distribution of MeHg and total Hg in rat heart tissues was also examined and we observed increasing concentrations of MeHg in high and low dosed rat groups as compared to the vehicle controls. No difference was observed in Hg levels between the normal and high fat and sugar diet groups. The urinary isoprostane levels, which are indicative of systemic oxidative stress, showed significant increases in lean rats exposed to the high dose treatment. It was also observed that a high fat and sugar diet in lean and obese rats can contribute to increasing oxidative stress regardless of the level of contaminants they were dosed with. This thesis demonstrated several in vitro effects of MeHg on heart cells as well as determine the distribution of Hg levels in heart tissues and oxidative stress markers from an in vivo study.
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Arieff, Zainunisha. "The search for the PFHBI gene : refining the target area and identification and analysis of candidate gene transcripts." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50187.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Progressive familial heart block I (PFHBI) is an inherited autosomal dominant cardiac conduction disorder which segregates in a large South African (SA) pedigree, two smaller SA families and a Lebanese family. It specifically affects conduction in the ventricles and is of unknown cause. Clinically, PFHBI is detected on electrocardiogram (ECG) by evidence of bundle-branch disease, i.e., as right bundle branch block, left anterior or posterior hemiblock, or complete heart block with broad QRS complexes. The PFHBI-causative gene was mapped to a lOcM region on chromosome 19ql3.3 using linkage analysis, and the locus was subsequently reduced to 7cM by genetic fine mapping. The present study involved a multi-strategy approach to search for the PFHBI gene. The objectives were the further reduction of the PFHBI locus by genetic fine mapping using published and novel markers, searching for short gene transcripts from publicly available databases and the generation of an integrated map of the locus to which genes were mapped. Prioritised genes were screened for PFHBI-causing mutations and, in addition, the PFHBI locus was searched for the presence of a G protein-encoding gene (PI 15- RhoGEF), a connexin (Cx) gene and any genes containing a CTG repeat expansion motif, since these genes are plausible PFHBI candidate genes. Genotyping and fine genetic mapping using known and novel polymorphic dinucleotide (CA)n and novel tetranucleotide (A3G)n repeat markers across the PFHBI locus were performed. Publicly available databases, such as LLNL (Livermore, USA), and GENEMAP (NCBI) were searched for ESTs which, in turn, were extended using clustering programmes, such as UNIGENE (NCBI) and STACK (SANBI), and the resulting consensus sequences were subsequently BLAST-searched against the protein databases. Using the available data, an integrated physical and genetic map of the PFHBI locus was generated and, as the HGP progressed, a number of novel genes were placed thereon. Subsequently, genes were prioritised on the basis of position, function and expression profile. Genetic fine mapping reduced the PFHBI locus from 7cM to 4cM. The EST approach yielded 38 ESTs, of which 24 ESTs matched proteins, such as activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5), actin-binding protein (KPTN) and zinc finger protein 473 (ZFP473) (May 2003). All the map data generated experimentally and computationally were placed on the PFHBI map. The PI 15-RhoGEF was excluded as a PFHBI candidate gene and although homologous sequences to connexin 37 (Cx37) was located on both chromosome 19 radiation hybrid clones (RHG12 and ORIM-7), it was not identified on the DNA clones spanning the PFHBI locus. No evidence of an expansion of a CTG repeat motif sequence in PFHBI-affected individuals was found. Five highly prioritised candidate genes, namely, 5CZ2-associated X protein (BAX), potassium voltage-gated channel Shaker-related subfamily member 7 (KCNA7’), potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 14 (KIR2.4), lin-7 homolog B {LIN-7B) and glycogen synthase 1 (GSYI) were selected for mutation screening. No disease associated mutations were identified in the exonic and flanking intronic regions of these genes. In summary, this study reduced the PFHBI locus substantially and generated a detailed map of the region. A number of attractive candidate genes were excluded from causing PFHBI; however, several plausible candidate genes are still present at this gene-rich locus and remain to be screened. Identifying the PFHBI-causative gene and associated mutation will provide a platform for further studies to understand the pathophysiology, not only of PFHBI, but also of other more commonly occurring conduction disturbances.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Progressiewe familiele hartblok I (PFHBI) is ‘n autosomaal dominant oorerflike kardiale geleidingstoomis wat in ‘n groot Suid-Afrikaanse (SA) familie, twee kleiner SA families en ‘n Lebanese familie segregeer. Dit affekteer hoofsaaklik die geleiding in die ventrikels en die oorsaak daarvan is onbekend. Klinies word PFHBI op elektrokardiogram (EKG) geidentifiseer as a bondeltak-siekte, naamlik, as regter bondeltakblok, linker anterior of posterior hemiblok, of volledige hartblok met wye QRS komplekse. Die PFHBI-veroorsakende geen is voorheen deur koppelingsanalise tot ‘n lOcM gebied op chromosoom 19ql3.3 gekarteer, en daaropvolgens is die lokus verklein tot 7cM deur genetiese fyn kartering. Die huidige studie behels ‘n veelvuldige-strategie benadering in die soektog na die PFHBI geen. Die doel van die studie was die verdere verkleining van die PFHBI lokus deur gebruik te maak van beide gepubliseerde en nuwe genetiese merkers, die identifisering van kort geentranskripte (ESTs) uit publieke databanke en die generasie van ‘n geintegreerde kaart van die lokus. Geprioritiseerde gene is geanaliseer vir die PFHBI-veroorsakende mutasie en, daarby, is die PFHBI lokus deursoek vir die teenwoordigheid van ‘n G proteien-enkodeeringsgeen (PIJ5-RhoGEF), ‘n konneksien (Kx) geen en enige gene wat ‘n uitgebreide CTG-herhalingsmotief bevat, aangesien hierdie gene as sterk PFHBI kandidaatgene geag is. Genotipering en fynkartering deur die gebruik van bekende asook nuwe polimorfiese dinukleotied- [(CA)n] en nuwe tertranukleotied- [(A3G)n] herhalingsmerkers wat die PFHBI lokus oorbrug, is uitgevoer. Publieke databanke, soos LLNL (Livermore, USA), en GENEMAP (NCBI) is ondersoek vir ESTs wat vervolgens verleng is deur gebruik te maak van groeperende programme soos UNIGENE (NCBI) en STACK (SANBI) en die gevolglike konsensus volgordes is daama met behulp van BLAST geanaliseer teen die protei'endatabanke. Die bekomde data is vervolgens gebruik om ‘n geintegreerde fisiese en genetiese kaart van die PFHBI lokus te produseer en, soos die mens genoomprojek gevorder het, is nuwe gene daarop geplaas. Daarna is gene geprioritiseer vir mutasie analise gebaseer op posisie, funksie en uitdrukkingsprofiele. Genetiese fynkartering het die PFHBI lokus van 7cM tot 4cM verklein. Die EST benadering het 38 ESTs gei'dentifiseer, waarvan 24 ESTs proteien gelyke gehad het, bv aktiverende transkripsie faktor 5 (ATF5), aktien-verbindingsprotei'en (KPTN) en sink-vingerproteien 473 (ZFP473) (Mei 2003). A1 die karterings data wat eksperimenteel en rekenaar-gewys gegenereer is, is op die PFHBI kaart geposisioneer. Die P115-RhoGEF is uitgeskakel as ‘n PFHBI kandidaatgeen en alhoewel ’n volgorde met homologie aan konneksien37 (Kx37) gevind is op albei chromosoom 19 radiasiehibried klone (RGH12 and ORIM-7), is dit nie gei'dentifiseer in die DNS klone wat die PFHBI lokus oorbrug nie. Geen bewyse van uitbreiding van CTG herhalingsmotiewe is gevind in PFHBIaangetasde persone nie. Vyf hoogs-geprioritiseerde kandidaat gene, naamlik, BCL2-geassosieerde X proteien (BAX), kalium spanningsbeheerde kanaal, subfamilie J, lid 14 (KIR2.4), lin-7 homoloog B (LIN-7b) en glikogeen sintase 1 (GYS1), is geselekteer vir mutasie-analise. Geen siekteveroorsakende mutasie is egter gei'dentifiseer in die eksoniese of die naasliggende introniese gebiede van hierdie gene nie. Ter opsomming, hierdie studie het die PFHBI lokus verklein en het ‘n omvattende kaart van die gebied gegenereer. Verskillende kandidaat gene is uitgesluit as die oorsaak van PFHBI, alhoewel daar nog heelwat goeie kandidaat gene in hierdie geen-ryke lokus is wat geanaliseer behoort te word. Die identifiseering van die PFHBI-veroorsakende mutasie sal ‘n platform bied vir verdere studies om die patofisiologie van nie alleen PFHBI nie, maar ook meer algemene geleidingstoomisse, te verstaan.
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Fu, Shing-yan Karen, and 符誠欣. "Cigarette smoke-induced inflammatory changes in rat heart in vivo." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48333864.
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Cigarette smoke (CS) is a well-established risk factor to cardiovascular health and the most preventable cause of death. Countless studies have demonstrated its harm to health and many more studies investigating its pathogenic mechanisms. While the CS-induced pathogenic mechanism of cardiovascular dysfunction has been mainly attributed to a combination of oxidative imbalance, vascular endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and modification of lipid profile, the focus of the current study was on the mediators of inflammation and the activation of signal pathways. In this study, we investigated the effects of CS on the pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory status in the heart and to elucidate the activation of specific signaling pathways in an in vivo rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into groups of CS exposure and sham air (SA) and exposed to 1 hour of respective CS and SA exposure daily for 56 days. The rats were then sacrificed and the ventricular homogenates were examined. Cardiac pro- inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC-1), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the activation of specific signaling pathways was determined by Western blot analysis. CS caused suppression of cardiac CRP, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 and elevation of VEGF, revealing the imbalance of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory status. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was also activated along with the activation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) after 56 days of CS exposure. These data suggests the presence of a local adaptive mechanistic response to modulate cardiac pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory status via NF-κB/MAPK pathways after exposure to CS. These findings shed insight into the mechanistic pathways of CVD progression, allowing possible identification of selected mediators as biomarkers that could benefit early detection of CVD arisen from cigarette smoking.published_or_final_version
Pharmacology and Pharmacy
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
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Kunutsor, Setor Kwadzo. "Markers of liver dysfunction and risk of coronary heart disease." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708216.
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Suleiman, David. "Measurement and prediction of phase equilibrium properties at infinite dilution : alkanes in natural gases and organic solvents in aqueous solutions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10270.
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Vesier, Carol Cockerham. "The role of papillary muscle-mitral valve geometry in systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10279.
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Beattie, Deborah Kilpatrick. "The mechanics of heterogeneous arteries : implications for human atherosclerosis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20498.
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Cape, Edward Gene. "Theoretical and experimental analysis of intracardiac jets : new techniques for noninvasive quantification of valvular insufficiency." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11310.
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Brookes, Carl I. O. "The evaluation and assessment of right ventricular function using conductance catheters." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326042.
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