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Journal articles on the topic 'Hearing function'

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Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Thornton, A. R. D. "Electrophysiological measures of hearing function in hearing disorders." British Medical Bulletin 43, no. 4 (1987): 926–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072226.

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2

Xu, Chunsheng, Dongfeng Zhang, Xiaocao Tian, Haiping Duan, Yili Wu, Zengchang Pang, Shuxia Li, and Qihua Tan. "Genetic and Environmental Influences on Correlations Between Hearing and Cognitive Functions in Middle and Older Chinese Twins." Twin Research and Human Genetics 20, no. 5 (August 14, 2017): 374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2017.42.

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The genetic and environmental impacts on correlations between hearing and cognitive functions have not been well studied. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Hearing function was assessed by audiometric pure-tone hearing thresholds at different frequencies, including 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz, and 12.5 kHz, with the lower hearing thresholds indicating better hearing function. Cognitive and hearing functions were measured on 379 complete twin pairs (240 monozygotic and 139 dizygotic pairs) with a median age of 50 years (range: 40–80 years). Bivariate twin models were fitted to quantify the genetic and environmental components of the correlations between hearing and cognitive functions. The analysis showed significantly high genetic correlation between 2 kHz of hearing and cognition (rG = −1.00, 95% CI [−1.00, −0.46]) and moderate genetic correlation between 4 kHz of hearing and cognition (rG = −0.62, 95% CI [−1.00, −0.14]). We found no significant genetic correlations between low as well as high frequencies of hearing and cognition. Low to moderate common and unique environmental correlations were shown between low frequencies of hearing and cognition (−0.13 to −0.39) and the common environmental correlation between 8 kHz, one of the high frequencies of hearing, and cognition (−0.22). The middle frequencies of hearing and cognitive functions may have a shared genetic basis. Low frequencies of hearing and cognition may share similar common and unique environmental factors. At 8 kHz, the high frequency of hearing and cognition may share similar common environment. This twin study detected a significant genetic and environmental basis in the phenotype correlation between cognition and hearing, which differed across frequencies.
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3

Dillon, Harvey. "Hearing Aid Evaluation." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 36, no. 3 (June 1993): 621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3603.621.

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In this study, hearing aid gain for speech was defined as the difference in level between the aided and unaided performance-intensity functions measured at any specific value of percentage of items correct. The articulation index method was used to predict speech gain based on the subject’s unaided sound field thresholds, ambient room noise, hearing aid internal noise, hearing aid insertion gain, and the subject’s unaided performance-intensity function. Predicted speech gain agreed with measured speech gain with rms errors of only 3 dB for 11 subjects with mild or moderate hearing loss tested with monosyllabic words and continuous discourse. The speech gain provided by a hearing aid can thus be predicted from electroacoustic measures, which generally can be obtained in a shorter time. Importance functions believed to be applicable to nonsense syllables, words, and continuous discourse were used to make the predictions, but prediction accuracy was not affected by the importance function chosen. Speech gain measured with the monosyllabic word test was highly correlated with speech gain measured with the continuous discourse test, provided that similar presentation levels were used.
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Nanda, Manpreet S., Mandeep Kaur, and Shenny Bhatia. "Impact of Septoplasty on hearing and middle ear function." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (December 23, 2017): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175556.

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Background: Deviated nasal septum affects hearing and middle ear ventilation by altering eustachain tube function. It leads to ear fullness, affects middle ear ventilation and impacts hearing. Septoplasty is commonly done for deviated septum. So, this study aims to find out if Septoplasty can lead to improvement of hearing and middle ear function and reduce patients ear complaints.Methods: Patients with Deviated nasal septum requiring septoplasty surgery were assessed for ear symptoms, hearing and middle ear pressure by detailed history taking, pure tone audiometry and tympanometry. They then underwent septoplasty and were again assessed post operatively after 2days, 4weeks, 8weeks and 12weeks of surgery. The pre-and post-operative results were compared and analysed.Results: The most common symptom in patients at pre-operative visit was ear fullness and hearing loss was of conductive type. Post operatively there was worsening of symptoms, hearing and middle ear functions after 2days but marked improvement was seen in symptom of ear fullness, conductive hearing and normalisation of middle ear pressure at 8-12weeks after surgery.Conclusions: Septoplasty improves hearing and middle ear function in patients with deviated nasal septum and the improvement is seen 8 to 12weeks after surgery.
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Vuckovic, Dragana, Sally Dawson, Deborah I. Scheffer, Taina Rantanen, Anna Morgan, Mariateresa Di Stazio, Diego Vozzi, et al. "Genome-wide association analysis on normal hearing function identifiesPCDH20andSLC28A3as candidates for hearing function and loss." Human Molecular Genetics 24, no. 19 (July 17, 2015): 5655–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddv279.

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6

Vincze, Janos, and Gabriella Vincze-Tiszay. "The Biophysical Function of the Human Eardrum." International Journal of Information Technology and Applied Sciences (IJITAS) 3, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52502/ijitas.v3i2.42.

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The hearing analyzer consists of two main systems: the peripheral hearing system, formed of the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear and the central hearing system, which contains the nervous pathways which ensure the transmission of the nervous influx and the hearing area where the information is analyzed and the hearing sensation is generated. The peripheral hearing system achieves the functions of transmission of the sound vibration, the analysis of the acoustic signal and the transformation of the acoustic signal in nervous inflow and the generation of the nervous response. The human hearing is characteristics: 1. The eardrum vibrates from the sound waves; 2. Auditory ossicles amplify the stimulus; 3. In an oval window, the vibration is transmitted to the fluid space of the inner ear; 4. It vibrates the basilar membrane; 5. What is pressed against the membrane tectoria; 6. The stereocilliums of the hair cell bend, ion channels open; 7. Hair cell depolarizes; 8. Stimulus is dissipated in cerebrospinal fluid VIII (vestibulo¬cochlearis); 9. Temporal lobe primary auditory cortex (Brodman 41, 42); 10. Association pathways: speech comprehension (Wernicke area).
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7

Neagu, Alexandra-Cristina, and Monica Gheorghiu. "Thyroid function in hearing impaired children with cochlear implant." Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.3.12.

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Congenital hypothyroidism may be associated with hearing loss. However, the prevalence of thyroid abnormalities in children with severe hearing loss is not clearly evaluated. The authors assessed the thyroid function in 30 children with profound sensorineural bilateral hearing loss, with cochlear implant, to determine if there is any association between congenital hearing loss and hypothyroidism. Serum levels of TSH and free thyroxine were normal in the study group. None had Pendred syndrome. We present a literature review on the association between hearing loss and thyroid abnormalities and the importance of testing hearing in children with congenital hypothyroidism.
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8

Nnomzo’o, Alice, Pavel V. Pavlov, Ekaterina S. Garbaruk, Oksana C. Gorkina, and Olga S. Olina. "The auditory function of infants with congenital heart diseases." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 8, no. 3 (May 15, 2017): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped8381-87.

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Congenital heart disease (CHD) is 1/3 of all congenital malformations and one of the main causes of infant mortality. Hearing loss may be part of syndromes associated with CHD, or the hearing pathology can be a consequence of the various stages of rehabilitation of underlying pathology. Currently, there isn’t any data on the systematic study of hearing impairment in children with congenital cardiac pathologies. Three hundred and six patients aged 2 days to 8.5 months were examined: 96 patients were included in the main group with CHD, and 300 children without CHD made up a comparison group. All children underwent newborn hearing screening. Infants with suspected hearing pathology were tested with a comprehensive audiological examination. In the CHD group hearing impairment was detected in 29% of children, including sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in 12%. And in the comparison group, 3.6% of infants had a hearing loss, SNHL was defined in 1%. Analysis of the data revealed the most significant risk factors for hearing impairments in children with CHD and it had showed the difference in the structure of the risk factors between the both groups. In the study group was registered a case of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders. This case illustrated the importance of conducting hearing screening by means of click-evoked auditory brainstem responses and not only of registration of otoacoustic emissions. One child with CHD was found to have delayed SNHL, which requires long-term monitoring of hearing in children with cardiopathology.
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Bakır, S., N. Penbegül, R. Gün, E. Yorgancilar, V. Kiniş, M. Özbay, M. Atar, and M. Güneş. "Relationship between hearing loss and sexual dysfunction." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 2 (December 20, 2012): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215112002952.

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AbstractObjective:Deafness may be one of the factors that leads to a change in sexual function. This study aimed to assess sexual function, in particular erectile dysfunction, in male patients with hearing loss.Materials and methods:We studied two groups: (1) adult men with acquired, bilateral, sensorineural hearing loss, and (2) healthy, adult, married men demonstrated to have normal hearing levels, as the control group. Sexual function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Functions questionnaire, and quality of life using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the International Index of Erectile Functions questionnaire results (p <0.001), both for each of the five questionnaire domain scores and for the total score.Conclusion:Our results indicate that men with mild or moderate sensorineural hearing loss have poorer sexual health.
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10

Bhagat, Shaum P. "Modeling DPOAE Input/Output Function Compression: Comparisons with Hearing Thresholds." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 25, no. 08 (September 2014): 746–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.25.8.5.

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Background: Basilar membrane input/output (I/O) functions in mammalian animal models are characterized by linear and compressed segments when measured near the location corresponding to the characteristic frequency. A method of studying basilar membrane compression indirectly in humans involves measuring distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) I/O functions. Previous research has linked compression estimates from behavioral growth-of-masking functions to hearing thresholds. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare compression estimates from DPOAE I/O functions and hearing thresholds at 1 and 2 kHz. Research Design: A prospective correlational research design was performed. The relationship between DPOAE I/O function compression estimates and hearing thresholds was evaluated with Pearson product-moment correlations. Study Sample: Normal-hearing adults (n = 16) aged 22–42 yr were recruited. Data Collection and Analysis: DPOAE I/O functions (L 2 = 45–70 dB SPL) and two-interval forced-choice hearing thresholds were measured in normal-hearing adults. A three-segment linear regression model applied to DPOAE I/O functions supplied estimates of compression thresholds, defined as breakpoints between linear and compressed segments and the slopes of the compressed segments. Pearson product-moment correlations between DPOAE compression estimates and hearing thresholds were evaluated. Results: A high correlation between DPOAE compression thresholds and hearing thresholds was observed at 2 kHz, but not at 1 kHz. Compression slopes also correlated highly with hearing thresholds only at 2 kHz. Conclusions: The derivation of cochlear compression estimates from DPOAE I/O functions provides a means to characterize basilar membrane mechanics in humans and elucidates the role of compression in tone detection in the 1–2 kHz frequency range.
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11

Sanes, Dan H. "Mild Hearing Loss Can Impair Brain Function." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 1, no. 6 (March 31, 2016): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp1.sig6.4.

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The emphasis of hearing loss research has been to establish the long-term consequences of permanent, severe to profound deafness. However, auditory processing deficits can be induced by transient, mild hearing loss during childhood. These deficits in perception, speech, and language processing can persist long after normal audibility is restored. One explanation for the persistence of these deficits is that transient hearing loss causes irreversible changes to the central nervous system (CNS) cellular properties that may lead to degraded stimulus encoding. Therefore, this review evaluates the premise that mild hearing loss during development induces behavioral deficits, and that these auditory deficits are causally related to changes within the CNS.
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Brenowitz, Willa D., and Margaret I. Wallhagen. "Does Hearing Impairment Affect Physical Function?" JAMA Network Open 4, no. 6 (June 25, 2021): e2114782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.14782.

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13

Rees, Adrian. "Auditory Function: Neurobiological Bases of Hearing." Trends in Neurosciences 12, no. 7 (January 1989): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(89)90027-1.

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14

Bruyn, G. W. "Auditory function — Neurobiological bases of hearing." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 90, no. 2 (April 1989): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(89)90108-1.

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15

Naito, Yasushi. "Prosthetic Hearing and Higher Brain Function." Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 53, no. 2 (2012): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5112/jjlp.53.138.

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16

Costeff, Hanan, Michelle Korb, and Hanna Greengart. "Vestibular Function of Hearing-impaired Children." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 30, no. 4 (November 12, 2008): 552–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1988.tb04788.x.

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17

King, A. J. "Auditory function: Neurobiological bases of hearing." Neuroscience 34, no. 3 (January 1990): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(90)90184-6.

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18

Peterein, Judy L., and J. Gail Neely. "Auditory Brainstem Response Testing in Neurodiagnosis: Structure versus Function." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 23, no. 04 (April 2012): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.23.4.5.

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This case report describes a 44-yr-old female referred by an outside facility who presented with progressive hearing loss in her left ear. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results were normal, but a battery of audiological tests suggested neural hearing loss in the left ear. Following diagnosis of left neural hearing loss, the patient was successfully fit with a hearing aid on the left ear.This case report underlines the importance of using a battery of medical, radiologic, and audiological tests in the accurate determination of hearing loss site of lesion. Obvious retrocochlear dysfunction was revealed via auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing. MRI did not reveal underlying structural abnormality. Without the addition of the ABR to the diagnostic test battery, a cochlear hearing loss site of lesion would most likely have been diagnosed. Accurate diagnosis of hearing loss site of lesion is critical for patient counseling and treatment as well as for patient follow-up and monitoring.
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19

Savelyev, Evgeni S., Elena E. Savelyeva, and Gaziz Sh Tufatulin. "Diagnostic methods for determining auditory function in infants." Science and Innovations in Medicine 5, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2020-5-1-62-69.

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Objectives - ал overview of the subjective and objective methods of hearing testing in infants that can be used in clinical practice. Results. Both subjective and objective methods of hearing function testing can be used in infants. The most well-known and common in practice tests are: behavioral audiometry, visual reinforcement audiometry, impedancemetry, recording of otoacoustic emissions (OAE) and various classes of auditory evoked potentials. Conclusion. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive hearing examination, using both subjective and objective research methods, for the accurate detection of the hearing thresholds in infants.
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Joseph, Antony R. "Hearing Health Outcomes as a Function of Age, Gender, and Diversity." Seminars in Hearing 43, no. 04 (November 2022): 324–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758377.

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AbstractThe United States does not ensure equitable access to hearing health care for all age groups, largely because these services are costly and even unobtainable in some places. Barriers to care are discussed within a context of the social determinants of health, under-representativeness of hearing-care professionals from historically marginalized communities, older adults and age-related hearing loss, and associated health conditions. The MarkeTrak 2022 study generated a sample of 15,138 respondents with information on 43,597 individuals. Data analysis revealed that self-reported hearing difficulty appears to increase with age with a rate of 12.4% for adults 18 years of age and older. A substantial proportion of individuals with hearing difficulty assumed that their problem was age-related, followed by exposure to loud sound and noise. Individuals with hearing difficulty were nearly three to four times more likely to have tinnitus, cognitive problems, and issues with balance and falling than those with no hearing problems. Self-reported hearing difficulty was lower for historically marginalized groups (7%) than for the White population (12%). Recommendations are presented to reduce the burden of hearing difficulty and hearing aid deserts for rural and urban populations.
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Chun, Robert H., Jayant M. Pinto, Rebecca Blankenhorn, and Vijay S. Dayal. "Recovery of Otoacoustic Emission Function in Luetic Endolymphatic Hydrops: A Possible Measure of Improvement in Cochlear Function." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2009 (2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/942096.

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Syphilis is a preventable and curable multi-organ disease caused byTreponema pallidumthat may also affect the inner ear. First reported in 1887 by Adam Politzer, luetic endolymphatic hydrops (LEH) is a treatable complication of syphilis which causes a potentially reversible sensorineural hearing loss. Symptoms of LEH include fluctuating hearing loss (often low frequency), tinnitus, and vertigo. Though audiometric parameters have been examined in patients with otosyphilis, few studies have examined the use of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) as a tool to measure improvement in cochlear function. Here we report an improvement in hearing loss, speech discrimination, and OAEs following treatment of LEH.
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Nilakhe, Sachin Sharad. "Effects of Radiotherapy on Auditory and Vestibular Function." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 6, no. 4 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/aijoc-6-4-1.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Radiotherapy either primary or adjuvant, is a commonly used modality of treatment in head and neck malignancies. The audiovestibular apparatus is often within the fields of radiation treatment, and hearing loss is a possible complication. This study was undertaken to assess the audiovestibular functions in patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck malignancies to determine the type and severity of hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction following radiation therapy. Materials and methods Fifty patients with head and neck malignancies reported to the malignant disease treatment center of INHS Asvini and received radiotherapy as a primary modality of treatment or in combination with surgery during the period May 2003 to Sep 2004 were included in this study. None of these patients had prior treatment by chemotherapy. Conclusion A significant number of patients who were subjected to radiation therapy for head and neck malignancies develop conductive hearing loss is predominant in the immediate postradiation period. Conductive hearing loss is reversible and improves with the conservative line of treatment. Sensorineural hearing loss more commonly affects the higher frequencies and is more common in older patients. Sensorineural hearing loss is more common when radiation doses exceed 60 Gy. There is no conclusive evidence of vestibular dysfunction in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancers.
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Wong, Lena Lar Nar, Joannie Ka Yin Yu, Shaina Shing Chan, and Michael Chi Fai Tong. "Screening of Cognitive Function and Hearing Impairment in Older Adults: A Preliminary Study." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/867852.

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Background. Previous research has found that hearing loss is associated with poorer cognitive function. The question is that when a hearing impairment is being compensated for by appropriately fitted monaural hearing aids, special precautions are still needed when screening cognitive function in older adults.Objective. This research examined cognitive function in elderly hearing aid users who used monaural hearing aids and whether the presence of a hearing impairment should be accounted for when screening cognitive function in these individuals.Methods. Auditory thresholds, sentence reception thresholds, and self-reported outcomes with hearing aids were measured in 34 older hearing aid users to ensure hearing aids were appropriately fitted. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) results obtained in these participants were then compared to normative data obtained in a general older population exhibiting similar demographic characteristics. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to examine the effects of demographic and auditory variables on MMSE scores.Conclusions. Results showed that, even with appropriately fitted hearing aids, cognitive decline was significant. Besides the factors commonly measured in the literature, we believed that auditory deprivation was not being fully compensated for by hearing aids. Most importantly, screening of cognitive function should take into account the effects of hearing impairment, even when hearing devices have been appropriately fitted.
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Stewart, Michael, Rebecca Pankiw, Mark E. Lehman, and Thomas H. Simpson. "Hearing Loss and Hearing Handicap in Users of Recreational Firearms." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 13, no. 03 (March 2002): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715958.

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This investigation sought to establish the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing handicap in a population of 232 recreational firearm users. Hearing handicap was calculated based on four methods using pure-tone threshold data from the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, and American Speech-Language and Hearing Association in addition to the self-report Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults-Screener (HHIA-S). Subjects (45 female and 187 male) ranging in age from 13 to 77 years (mean = 40 years, SD = 15.1) completed a short questionnaire regarding demographics and shooting practices followed by pure-tone air audiometry at Occupational Safety and Health Administration test frequencies of 500 to 6000 Hz. A total of 177 who exhibited varying degrees of hearing loss also received a face-to-face administration of the HHIA-S. Audiometric and HHIA-S results revealed that both high-frequency hearing loss and hearing handicap varied significantly as functions of age and occupation. Significant gender effects were observed audiometrically but not as a function of hearing handicap. HHIA-S scores varied significantly as a function of high-frequency (1000–4000 Hz) hearing loss. Correlation coefficients between the four different pure-tone methods of calculating hearing handicap and the self-reported HHIA-S were highest for pure-tone methods that do not employ 500 Hz in the calculation.
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Franzin, Alberto, Giorgio Spatola, Carlo Serra, Piero Picozzi, Marzia Medone, Davide Milani, Paola Castellazzi, and Pietro Mortini. "Evaluation of hearing function after Gamma Knife surgery of vestibular schwannomas." Neurosurgical Focus 27, no. 6 (December 2009): E3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.9.focus09196.

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Object Due to technological advances in neuroradiology in recent years, incidental diagnoses of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) have increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hearing function after treatment with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for VSs in patients adequately selected with “good” or “useful” hearing before treatment and to assess the possible predictive factors for hearing function preservation. Methods Of all patients treated in the authors' hospital between 2001 and 2007, they retrospectively studied 50 patients with a unilateral VS in whom there was serviceable hearing (Gardner-Robertson [GR] Class I or II). Additional inclusion criteria were: no Type 2 neurofibromatosis, no previous treatment, and at least 6 months' follow-up of neuroradiological and audiological data. The median patient age was 54 years (range 24–78 years). The median tumor volume was 0.73 ml (range 0.03–6.6 ml), and the median radiation dose to the tumor margin was 13 Gy (range 12–16 Gy) with an isodose of 50%. Results Patient age, tumor volume, and presenting symptoms were found to correlate with hearing function. At a median of 36 months after radiosurgery, tumor growth control was 96% and no patient required any other additional treatment. Serviceable hearing was preserved in 34 patients (68%): 21 (62%) with GR Class I hearing and 13 (38%) with GR Class II hearing. The remaining 16 patients had poor hearing function:15 with GR Class III and 1 with GR Class IV hearing function. In 19 (58%) of 33 patients with GR Class I function before GKS the same class was maintained posttreatment; 29 (88%) maintained functional hearing (GR Class I or II). In all patients with an intracanalicular lesion, functional hearing was maintained. Significant prognostic factors for maintaining serviceable hearing were GR Class I function before treatment, symptoms at presentation, patient age younger than 54 years, and Koos Stage T1 disease. Conclusions The results of the study show that the probability of preserving functional hearing in patients undergoing GKS treatment for unilateral VSs is very high. Patients with GR Class I, age younger than 54 years, with presenting symptoms other than hearing loss, and a Koos Stage T1 tumor have better prognosis. The prescribed dose of 13 Gy appears to represent an excellent compromise between controlling the disease and preserving auditory function.
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Chung, Juyong. "Influence of Cochlear Implantation on Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients." Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 65, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2021.01109.

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Hearing loss is the third most common chronic health condition faced by older adults. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated a significant association between hearing impairment and cognitive decline. However, the underlying explanatory mechanism of this relation has yet to be established. Given the relation between hearing loss and cognitive decline, researchers have been interested in the effect of restoring hearing ability on cognitive functions in older adults. One intervention option for management of the most severe to profound hearing loss in older adults is cochlear implantation (CI). We performed a review to assess the cur- rent status of the literature on the potential influence of CI on cognition in the older adults. Hearing rehabilitation through CI in elderly patients results in improvements in speech perception and cognitive function and lowers the progression to dementia. Further well-designed studies with long follow-up are needed to verify whether CI influences cognition in older adults.
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Kyan, Chikashi, and Toyohiko Hamada. "Relationship between hearing of prosody and auditory function in hearing-impaired children." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 61, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 546–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.61.546.

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Nieman, Carrie, Jennifer Deal, and Margaret Wallhagen. "HEARING, COGNITION, AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION: LEVERAGING LARGE-SCALE EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES TOWARD INTERVENTION." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1158.

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Abstract Hearing loss and aging represent the intersection of two major public health challenges. Over 1.5 billion individuals or almost 20% of the global population have hearing loss, where the largest burden is among older adults secondary to age-related hearing loss. By 2030, the end of the UN Decade of Healthy Aging, almost 2 billion individuals are expected to be living with hearing loss. Evidence continues to grow related to the negative consequences of hearing loss in the context of aging, both on cognitive and physical function. This symposium will share the latest findings on hearing loss and its relationship to a range of negative consequences from diverse large-scale cohorts. Specifically, the session will cover hearing loss and its relationship to cognitive health, including subjective cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms among persons living with dementia, as well as physical health, including frailty and physical function. Each presentation draws upon datasets from a large-scale epidemiologic study with varying types of data on hearing status and measures of cognitive and physical health. The covered datasets include nationally representative cohorts, such as the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), to longitudinal cohorts, such as the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC). The session will serve as a primer on available datasets that include data on hearing status and hearing care, including strengths, limitations, and analysis considerations. This symposium will provide tangible ways to leverage existing data in order to move toward intervention and build capacity around hearing health within gerontology.
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Suwento, Ronny, Dini Widiarni Widodo, Tri Juda Airlangga, Widayat Alviandi, Keisuke Watanuki, Naoko Nakanowatari, Hiroshi Hosoi, and Tadashi Nishimura. "Clinical Trial for Cartilage Conduction Hearing Aid in Indonesia." Audiology Research 11, no. 3 (August 13, 2021): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/audiolres11030038.

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Hearing improvement represents one of the may valuable outcomes in microtia and aural atresia reconstruction surgery. Most patients with poor development in their hearing function have had a severe microtia. Conventional methods to improve hearing function are bone conduction and bone anchored hearing aids. Cartilage conduction hearing aids (CCHA) represents a new amplification method. This study assessed the outcomes and evaluated the impact and its safety in the patients with microtia and aural atresia whose hearing dysfunction did not improve after surgery for ear reconstruction in our hospital. Hearing functions were evaluated with pure tone audiometry or sound field testing by behavioral audiometry and speech audiometry before and after CCHA fitting. As a result, there was a significant difference between unaided and aided thresholds (p < 0.001). Speech recognition threshold and speech discrimination level also significantly improved with CCHA. The average functional gains of 14 ears were 26.9 ± 2.3 dB. Almost all parents of the patients reported satisfaction with the performance of CCHA, and daily communication in children with hearing loss also became better than usual.
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Ivanova, R. A., M. Yu Boboshko, E. S. Garbaruk, S. M. Vikhnina, V. V. Vasiliev, N. V. Rogozina, and A. A. Grineva. "Congenital cytomegalovirus infection and its impact on the auditory function." Journal Infectology 11, no. 3 (October 9, 2019): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2019-11-3-83-89.

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Congenital cytomegalovirus infection contributes substantially to the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss, which may be late-onset, progressive or fluctuating. It leads to delayed diagnostics of hearing impairments in children. The aim is to assess the frequency and time of hearing loss occurrence in children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection and to develop the audiological follow-up algorithm adapted for those children. Materials and methods: 60 children with verified congenital cytomegalovirus infection have been involved into research as the main group. 61 children, with other sensorineural hearing loss risk factors, but excluding congenital cytomegalovirus, were included into the comparison group. The age of children ranged from 2 months to 7 years old. The follow-up duration was up to 4 years. Audiological assessment included: auditory brainstem response, auditory steady state response, otoacoustic emissions, impedancometry, pure tone audiometry (its type depended on the children’s age and development level) and speech tests. Results: Hearing loss was revealed in 17% of the main group, it varied from mild to severe degree. Among these children 30% developed late-onset hearing loss. 5% of children of the comparison group were identified with congenital hearing loss. Assessment of central auditory pathways function has been performed in children elder than 4 years old: 70% of children of the main group and 10% of children of the comparison one were identified with auditory processing disorders. The received data may be used by otolaryngologists, audiologists, pediatricians and infectious diseases physicians. The developed follow-up admits timely diagnostics of sensorineural hearing loss in children with congenital cytomegalovirus.
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West, Jessica S., Sherri L. Smith, and Matthew E. Dupre. "Self-reported hearing loss, hearing aid use, and cognitive function among U.S. older adults." International Journal of Population Studies 8, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/ijps.v8i1.1308.

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There has been increasing attention to the role of hearing loss as a potentially modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. However, more nationally-representative studies are needed to understand the co-occurring changes in hearing loss and cognitive function in older adults over time, and how hearing aid use might influence this association. The purpose of this report is to examine how age-related changes in hearing loss and hearing aid use are associated with trajectories of cognitive function in a nationally-representative sample of U.S. older adults. We used 11 waves of longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from 1998 to 2018 to examine changes in self-reported hearing loss, hearing aid use, and cognitive function in adults 65 and older by race and ethnicity. Results from mixed models showed that greater levels of hearing loss were associated with lower levels of cognitive function at age 65 in non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic older adults. We also found that the associations diminished across age in White and Black individuals; but remained persistent in Hispanic individuals. The use of hearing aids was not associated with cognitive function in Black older adults but appeared protective for White and Hispanic older adults. Overall, the findings from this report suggest that the timely identification of hearing loss and subsequent acquisition of hearing aids may be important considerations for reducing declines in cognitive function that manifests differently in U.S. population subgroups.
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Wind, Joshua J., John P. Leonetti, Michael J. M. Raffin, Marc T. Pisansky, Brian Herr, Justin D. Triemstra, and Douglas E. Anderson. "Hearing preservation in the resection of vestibular schwannomas: patterns of hearing preservation and patient-assessed hearing function." Journal of Neurosurgery 114, no. 5 (May 2011): 1232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.11.jns091752.

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Object No extant literature documents the analysis of patient perceptions of hearing as a corollary to objective audiometric measures in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS), or acoustic neuroma. Therefore, using objective audiometric data and patient perceptions of hearing function as outlined on a questionnaire, the authors evaluated the hearing of patients who underwent VS resection. Methods This investigation involved a retrospective review of 176 patients who had undergone VS resections in which hearing preservation was a goal. Both pre- and postoperative audiometry, expressed as a speech discrimination score (SDS) and pure tone threshold average (PTA), were performed, and the results were analyzed. Intraoperative auditory brainstem responses were also recorded. Eighty-seven of the patients (49.4%) completed a postoperative questionnaire designed to assess hearing function in a variety of social and auditory situations. Multiple linear regression analyses were completed to compare available audiometric results with questionnaire responses for each patient. Results One hundred forty-two patients (80.7%) had PTA and SDS audiometric data pertaining to the surgically treated ear; 94 of these patients (66.2%) had measurable postoperative hearing, as defined by a PTA < 120 dB or SD > 0%. Eighty-seven patients (49.4%) completed the retrospective questionnaire, and 74 of them had complete audiometric data and thus were included in a comparative analysis. Questionnaire data showed major postoperative subjective hearing decrements, even among patients with the same pre- and postoperative objective audiometric hearing status. Moreover, the subscore reflecting hearing while exposed to background noise, or the “cocktail party effect,” characterized the most significant patient-perceived hearing deficit following VS resection. Conclusions The authors' analysis of a patient-perceived hearing questionnaire showed that hearing during exposure to background noise, or the cocktail party effect, represents a significant postoperative hearing deficit and that patient perception of this deficit has a strong relation with audiometric data. Furthermore, questionnaire responses revealed a significant disparity between subjective hearing function and standard audiometrics such that even with similar levels of audiometric data, subjective measures of hearing, especially the cocktail party effect, decreased postoperatively. The authors posit that the incorporation of patient-perceived hearing function evaluation along with standard audiometry is an illustrative means of identifying subjective hearing deficits after VS resection and may ultimately aid in specific and subsequent treatment for these patients.
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Nicholas, Johanna G., and Ann E. Geers. "Communication of Oral Deaf and Normally Hearing Children at 36 Months of Age." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 6 (December 1997): 1314–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4006.1314.

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Eighteen orally educated deaf and 18 normally hearing 36-month-old children were observed in a play session with their mother. Communicative behavior of the child was coded for modality and communicative function. Although the oral deaf children used a normal range of functions, both the quantity and proportions differed from normally hearing children. Whereas the normally hearing 3-year-olds used speech almost exclusively, the deaf children exhibited about equal use of speech, vocalizations, and gestures. Spoken language scores of the deaf children at 5 years of age were best predicted by (a) more frequent use of speech at age 36 months, (b) more frequent use of the Statement function, and (c) relatively infrequent use of the Directive function. It is suggested that some communicative functions are more informative or heuristic than others, and that the early use of these functions is most likely to predict later language competence.
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Barbosa, Maria Helena Magalhães, Cristiane Fregonesi Dutra Garcia, Maria Clara de Magalhães Barbosa, Jaqueline Rodrigues Robaina, Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa, Marco Antonio de Melo Tavares de Lima, and Antonio José Ledo Alves da Cunha. "Normal Hearing Function in Children Prenatally Exposed to Zika Virus." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 24, no. 03 (December 13, 2019): e299-e307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399539.

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Abstract Introduction The association between prenatal Zika virus infection and hearing alterations in offspring has been the object of some studies, although few have assessed children without microcephaly. However, a current trend to include prenatal Zika virus exposure in the group of risk indicators for hearing loss is noted. Objective To present a series of 27 children prenatally exposed to the Zika virus submitted to multiple hearing assessments over time. Methods A cohort of children born to symptomatic mothers with laboratorial Zika virus infection confirmation during pregnancy was submitted to an otoacoustic emission test, auditory brainstem response test (automated, neurodiagnostic and frequency-specific), audiometry, and imitanciometry over a period of 36 months since birth. The hearing assessment was performed independently of the presence of microcephaly or other apparent signs of congenital Zika syndrome. Results The hearing tests presented predominantly normal results. Some children had signs of middle ear pathology. The only microcephalic child had normal electrophysiological tests, as well as preserved audiometric thresholds, but presented altered motor responses to sound. Conclusion Prenatal exposure to Zika virus does not always determine hearing impairment. This risk seems to be more associated to the severity of the central nervous system damage. Hearing screening and follow-ups of the affected children are important, as well as further research in this area.
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Vladimirova, T. Yu, and L. V. Aizenshtadt. "GERIATRIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND HEARING LOSS." Science and Innovations in Medicine 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2018-0-1-47-50.

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Aim - to examine the results of a comprehensive geriatric assessment depending on the degree of hearing loss. Material and methods. We examined 110 patients aged from 60 to 90 years with bilateral symmetrical impairment of the hearing function. The research design included examination of the otolaryngologist, auditory function test, and geriatric assessment of neuropsychological status. Two groups were allocated based upon the study of the hearing function: the main group, which included 58 people with moderate hearing loss, and the control group, which included 52 people with significant hearing loss. Results. It was revealed that hearing loss has a negative influence on the cognitive abilities of geriatric patients. With increasing degrees of hearing loss, the progression of dementia is observed. There is a direct correlation between the progression of hearing loss and development of depression in geriatric patients. Conclusion. Our study revealed a relationship between the degree of hearing loss and neuropsychological changes in geriatric patients. Hearing function test as a part of comprehensive geriatric assessment would facilitate the understanding of the causes of neuropsychological disorders in geriatric patients.
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Okuno, Taeko, Yuko Hata, and Yasuya Nomura. "Hearing, and Vestibular function following laser labyrinthectomy." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 15, Supplement (1994): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.15.supplement_383.

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HONJO, Iwao. "Brain Function in Patients with Hearing Loss." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 92, no. 3 (1999): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.92.211.

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SONBAY YILMAZ, Nevreste Didem, Cem SAKA, Burcu OKTAY ARSLAN, Nurdan AYGENER YEŞİLYURT, Dilek SAKA, Sadık ARDIÇ, and İstemihan AKIN. "The effect of hypoxia on hearing function." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 49, no. 5 (October 24, 2019): 1450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-1902-210.

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Stender, Tamara. "Improving Hearing Aid Function in Noisy Situations." ASHA Leader 16, no. 13 (November 2011): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/leader.ftr5.16132011.5.

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Strieth, Sebastian, Martin Canis, Markus Suckfuell, Alexander Berghaus, and Warangkana Arpornchayanon. "Cochlear Microcirculation and Hearing Function After Noise." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 143, no. 2_suppl (August 2010): P90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.143.

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41

Vorlova, T., O. Dlouhá, D. Kemlink, and K. Sonka. "Obstructive sleep apnea induces hearing function impairment." Sleep Medicine 16 (December 2015): S34—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.085.

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Ashmore, Jonathan, and Gwenaëlle S. G. Géléoc. "Cochlear function: Hearing in the fast lane." Current Biology 9, no. 15 (August 1999): R572—R574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(99)80358-3.

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43

Savenko, I. V., and M. Yu Boboshko. "The hearing function in the premature infants." Vestnik otorinolaringologii 80, no. 6 (2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/otorino201580671-76.

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44

Xing, Guangqian, Zhibin Chen, and Xin Cao. "Mitochondrial rRNA and tRNA and hearing function." Cell Research 17, no. 3 (January 2, 2007): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.cr.7310124.

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45

Tay, Tien, Annette Kifley, Peter Landau, Nicholas Ingham, Paul Mitchell, Jie-Jin Wang, and Richard Lindley. "Are Sensory and Cognitive Declines Associated in Older Persons Seeking Aged Care Services? Findings From a Pilot Study." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 35, no. 4 (April 15, 2006): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n4p254.

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Introduction: To assess the association between sensory and cognitive function, and the potential influence of visual function on cognitive function assessment, in a sample of clients accessing aged care services. Materials and Methods: We recruited 260 non-institutionalised, frail, older individuals who sought aged care services. Visual acuity was assessed using a LogMAR chart and hearing function was measured using a portable pure-tone air conduction audiometer. Visual impairment was defined as visual acuity (VA) <6/12 (<39 letters read correctly in the better eye), moderate-to-severe hearing impairment as hearing thresholds >40 decibels (better ear) and cognitive impairment as Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score <24. Results: Vision and hearing assessments were randomly performed in 168 and 164 aged care clients, respectively. Visual acuity correlated weakly with MMSE scores, either including (r = 0.27, P <0.001) or excluding (r = 0.21, P = 0.006) vision-related MMSE items. After partialling out the effect of age, the association remained (r = 0.23, P = 0.013 including, or r = 0.18, P = 0.044 excluding vision-related items). No correlation was found between MMSE scores and hearing thresholds (r = -0.07, P = 0.375). After adjusting for age, sex and stroke, mean MMSE scores were lower in persons with visual impairment than those with normal vision (25.2 ± 0.5 versus 26.8 ± 0.4 including, or 18.2 ± 0.5 versus 19.2 ± 0.3 excluding vision-related items), but were similar between subjects with none or mild and those with moderate-to-severe hearing loss (26.3 ± 0.4 versus 26.0 ± 0.4). Conclusions: In this study sample, visual and cognitive functions were modestly associated, after excluding the influence of visual impairment on the MMSE assessment and adjusting for age. Hearing thresholds were not found to be associated with cognitive function. Key words: Cognition disorders, Frail elderly, Hearing loss, Visual impairment
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Daimaru, Kaori, and Yukiko Wagatsuma. "Hearing loss and physical function in the general population: A cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 7, 2022): e0275877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275877.

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Objective Hearing loss is a major public health concern. Higher physical function may be related to the maintenance of hearing acuity. Therefore, this study examined the association between hearing loss and physical function in the general population. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with health checkup participants who underwent pure-tone audiometry at a regional health care center in Japan. Information for physical function included handgrip strength, vital capacity (VC), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). A hearing threshold of >30 dB at 1 kHz and/or >40 dB at 4 kHz in either ear was identified as hearing loss. The characteristics of the subjects were examined with stratification by sex and age group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between hearing loss and physical function with adjustments for age, body mass index and current smoking. Results Among the 4766 study subjects, 56.5% were male. The mean age was 47.7 years (SD: 13.8 years; range: 20–86 years), and the prevalence of hearing loss was 12.8% based on the definition stated above. For females, handgrip strength, VC, and FEV1 showed significant negative associations with hearing loss (multivariable-adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.691 [0.560–0.852], 0.542 [0.307–0.959], and 0.370 [0.183–0.747], respectively). These associations were not found in males. Conclusions Higher physical function was associated with a lower prevalence of hearing loss among females. This study suggests that it is important to maintain physical function for hearing loss in females. Further studies are required to investigate sex differences in the relationship between physical function and hearing loss in the general population.
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Ralli, Massimo, Giancarlo Altissimi, A. Di Stadio, Filippo Mazzei, Rosaria Turchetta, and Giancarlo Cianfrone. "Relationship between hearing function and myasthenia gravis: A contemporary review." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 5 (November 11, 2016): 1459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060516672124.

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There is increasing evidence of a connection between hearing function and myasthenia gravis (MG). Studies of the pathophysiological basis of this relationship suggest that acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on outer hair cells (OHCs) play a central role. In patients with MG, autoantibodies against AChRs induce a progressive loss of AChRs on OHCs, decreasing their electromotility. The stapedial reflex decay test can be altered in MG patients, and can be used as an additional tool for diagnosis and monitoring. Transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions are the main diagnostic tool for monitoring OHC functionality in MG patients, and can be used to record subclinical hearing alterations before the onset of clinically evident hearing loss. Understanding the association between MG and hearing dysfunction requires a multidisciplinary approach. Otolaryngologists should take this relationship into account when approaching patients with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and “in patients with MG” with ण128;œin MG patients, and the progress of hearing alterations should always be monitored in patients with MG.
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Serpanos, Yula Cherpelis, and Judith S. Gravel. "Assessing Growth of Loudness in Children by Cross-Modality Matching." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 11, no. 04 (April 2000): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1748045.

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AbstractThis study examined the clinical feasibility, validity, and reliability of loudness growth assessment using cross-modality matching (CMM) between line length and loudness in 16 children 4 to 12 years old with normal hearing or bilateral sensorineural hearing losses ranging from moderate to severe in degree. Eight adult listeners with normal hearing were used as a comparison group. Loudness growth functions and real-ear measures were obtained for 500–Hz and 2000-Hz narrowband noise stimuli for each individual. No significant differences were found between the loudness slope values for the adults and children with normal hearing. Loudness growth functions of the children with sensorineural hearing loss were significantly steeper (larger) than the slopes obtained from children with normal hearing. The numeric slope value of the loudness growth function became larger and more variable as children's hearing threshold increased and differed for children with similar thresholds. The loudness functions obtained for retested participants at two different test sessions were highly correlated. Real-ear measurements revealed that for equivalent input stimulus levels, significantly higher stimulus levels were present in the ear canals of children versus adults. Although adults and children with normal hearing had similar overall rates of loudness growth, discrete points along the loudness growth function were judged to be louder by the children. This preliminary study suggests that measures of loudness growth using CMM between line length and loudness are feasible, valid, and reliable in children with normal hearing or sensorineural hearing loss. The individual variability noted in slope values for children with hearing loss attests to the importance of subjective assessments of loudness. The protocol used in this study may have potential as a clinical tool for selecting and fitting amplification technology for children with hearing loss as young as 6 years. Abbreviations: CMM = cross-modality matching, HI = hearing impairment, LDL = loudness discomfort level, MCL = most comfortable loudness, NBN = narrowband noise, NH = normal hearing
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Shall, Mary S. "The Importance of Saccular Function to Motor Development in Children with Hearing Impairments." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2009 (2009): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/972565.

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Children with hearing deficits frequently have delayed motor development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate saccular function in children with hearing impairments using the Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (VEMP). The impact of the saccular hypofunction on the timely maturation of normal balance strategies was examined using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC). Thirty-three children with bilateral severe/profound hearing impairment between 4 and 7 years of age were recruited from a three-state area. Approximately half of the sample had one or bilateral cochlear implants, one used bilateral hearing aids, and the rest used no amplification. Parents reported whether the hearing impairment was diagnosed within the first year or after 2 years of age. No VEMP was evoked in two thirds of the hearing impaired (HI) children in response to the bone-conducted stimulus. Children who were reportedly hearing impaired since birth had significantly poorer scores when tested with the Movement ABC.
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Khasanov, Ulugbek S. "INITIAL STATE OF COCHLEOVESTIBULAR FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH HD WITH CVD." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 03, no. 01 (January 1, 2022): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume04issue01-07.

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Cochleovestibular disorders (CVD) are of great medical and social importance due to their significant prevalence and the presence of a large number of negative manifestations on the part of the hearing and balance organs, as well as other body systems. All authors agree that cochleovestibular disorders affect the most active and able-bodied population, and this determines its social significance. Considering that the statistics of hearing and balance disorders are kept separately, it is not always possible to characterize the real statistical picture, the epidemiology of CVN. Approximately 17% of the total population complains of cochleovestibular disorders, but more than half of the cases do not seek medical help. Long-term temporary incapacity for work, a high rate of disability in patients with CVN, make the problem even more urgent to develop, require the improvement of early diagnosis methods. During mass examinations, cochleovestibular disorders were noted in 9-12% of the population of the Russian Federation. Approximately 10% of patients who visit an ENT doctor present complaints typical of KVN, and this figure for a general practitioner is 5%, and for a neurologist about 10-20%. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020, over 460 million people in the world suffered from hearing loss and by 2050 this number could exceed 900 million). Dizziness is one of the three most common complaints presented by patients to a general practitioner, and among emergency consultations it occurs in 2.4-2.6% of patients.
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