Dissertations / Theses: 'Hearing function'

1

Amanda, Tannor Ophelia. "Hearing aid combined with virtual reality function." Thesis, Boston, USA, 2020. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/11840.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper the structure scheme of a smart hearing aid with augmented reality was proposed. This scheme consists of 6 blocks: sensor (microphone), ADC, microprocessor or microcontroller, battery, Bluetooth module, speaker. Such a device should not only improve hearing but also increase the psychological confidence of a person. The next stage of work is the development of an electrical circuit diagram of the device and the assembly of the prototype

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Jaiganesh, Avinash. "Cadherin-23 Structure, Function, and Nanomechanics in Hearing and Deafness." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524185957175317.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Geldenhuys, Tiaan Andries. "Temporal gap detection in electric hearing : modelling and experiments." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31555.

Full text

Abstract:

To advance the understanding of electric hearing, from both a theoretical and practical perspective, the present study employs an engineering approach to examine whether a fundamental stochastic link exists between neural stimulation and perception. Through the use of custom-developed psychophysics software, temporal gap-detection experiments were carried out and compared with simulation results of a theoretical model. The results are informative, and the suggested modeling principles may be a step forward to a clearer understanding of how the hearing system perceives temporal stimuli. To enable the implementation of psycho-electric experiments involving cochlear implants, a software framework was developed for Matlab version 6.5, called the Psychoacoustics Toolbox, which can present stimuli either acoustically or (for interfacing with cochlear implants) using Cochlear Ltd. hardware. This toolbox facilitates easy setup of experiments based on extensible markup language (XML) templates, and allows for both adaptivestaircase procedures and presentation of a fixed set of stimuli to a participant. Multi-track interleaving of stimuli is also supported, as put forward by Jesteadt (1980), to allow for capturing of subjective responses (such as loudness perception). As part of this research, experiments were performed with three subjects, with a total of four cochlear implants. For the temporal gap-detection experiments, the rate of electrical stimulation varied over a range from 100 to 2700 pulses per second; both periodic stimulus sequences and stimuli reflecting a dead-time-modified Poisson process were used. Also, three spatially distinct stimulation sites were used with each implant to allow comparison among basal, central and apical cochlear responses. A biologically plausible psychophysical model (in contrast with a phenomenological one) was developed for predicting temporal gap-detection thresholds in electric hearing. The model was applied to both periodic and Poisson stimuli, but can easily be used with other kinds of stimuli. For comparison with experimental results, model predictions were made over the same range of stimulus rates. As a starting point, the model takes the neural stimuli, runs them through a neural filter, and then draws statistical interspike-interval (ISI) distribution data from the generated spikes. From the ISI statistics, psychometric curves can be calculated using the principles of Green and Swets (1966), from which predictions can be made for threshold measurements based on the percentage-correct mark for the specific experimental setup. With a model in place, simulations were executed to compare the model results with experimental measurements. In addition to the simulations, mathematical equations for the periodic types of stimuli were derived, given that numerical calculations could be made with higher computational e ciency for this kind of stimulus. These equations allowed for an investigation into the implications of varying the values of different neuron-model parameters. Clear similarities were found between the shapes of gap-threshold curves for experimental and modeled data, and qualitative links have been identified between model parameters and features recognized in threshold curves. For periodic stimuli, quantitative predictions of gap thresholds are close to experimental ones, although measured values cover a larger range. The results of experimental measurements using Poisson stimuli are generally somewhat larger than model predictions, although the shapes of the curves show resemblance. A possible explanation is that participants may find decision tasks involving Poisson stimuli, as opposed to periodic stimuli, confusing. Overall, model predictions and experimental results show close correspondence, suggesting Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering. University of Pretoria. ii that the principles underlying the model are fundamentally correct. Copyright 2007, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Geldenhuys, TA 2007, Temporal gap detection in electric hearing : modelling and experiments, MEng dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02232012-131459 / > E1091/gm
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
Unrestricted

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Rhodes, Charlotte R. "Characterisation of new ENU induced mouse models of genetic deafness and vestibular function." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250534.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Vidarsson, Hilmar. "Foxi 1, an important gene for hearing, kidney function and male fertility /." Göteborg : Institute of Biomedicine, Dept. of Medical Genetics, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/4727.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Low, Robert Donald George. "Simultaneous recording of middle and inner ear function in normal hearing adults." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394999.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Gilbert, Benjamin Lawrence. "ACF7 DEFICIENCY DOES NOT IMPAIR AUDITORY HAIR CELL DEVELOPMENT OR HEARING FUNCTION." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1619801135718899.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hand, Erin Marlene Flowers. "Speech Understanding in Noise as a Function of Microphone Placement in Hearing Aids." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5190.

Full text

Abstract:

Hearing aid users often complain of poor speech understanding in the presence of background noise. There have been many attempts to overcome this problem by hearing aid manufactures and dispensers. The purpose of the present study was to determine if differences existed between three different styles of hearing aids (i.e. in the ear (ITE), in the canal (ITC), and completely in the canal (CIC)) in the presence of a multi-talker babble. Five sensori-neural hearing impaired subjects were selected from the Portland State University audiology clinic. The subjects were required to listen to a recording of the California Consonant Test (CCT) against a background noise of multi-talker babble. Stimuli were presented through headphones in the sound booth. The stimuli were recorded through three different hearing aids placed on KEMAR's left ear and adjusted to a 10 dB signal-to-noise ratio. Once the speech samples were recorded and digitized, they were routed through a GSl-16 audiometer to the listener. In order to determine performance differences across the three hearing aid configurations from within a single-subject design, each subject's performance was compared in a pairwise fashion between the hearing aid configurations. An analysis of the data was completed using the Randomization test. Using this statistical model, no significant difference was found between the individual scores. Further research is warranted to determine if a better measure exists that qualitatively defines the effect of microphone placement on speech understanding ability in hearing aid users.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Murnane, Owen D. "Otolith Function Tests." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1941.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Hill, Jennifer Clare. "The relationship between auditory efferent function and frequency selectivity in man." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313735.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Dempsey, Mariclare Elizabeth. "Hearing Voices: The Narrative Function of the Piano Voice in Schubert's Winterreise." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1579897972318386.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Nicol, Kathleen McIntyre McWatt. "Correlated behavioural and anatomical studies of auditory function in normal and hearing impaired guinea pigs." Thesis, Keele University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305871.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Brancaleone, Matthew P. "Assessing Concussion Rates and Vestibular Function in Athletes who are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586779196816368.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Akin, Faith W., and Owen D. Murnane. "Tests of Otolith Function." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1937.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

France, Susan J. "Some effects of early hearing loss on the function and connections of the ferret auditory cortex." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670259.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Basham, P., and Lindsay P. Greer. "Executive Function and Schools." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1693.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Hamaguchi, Kiyomi. "Role of PGE-type receptor 4 in auditory function and noise-induced hearing loss in mice." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157457.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Murray, Christa Jane. "Development of a Māori Language Version of the New Zealand Hearing Screening Test." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7132.

Full text

Abstract:

Hearing loss has a prevalence of 10.3% in New Zealand, with the Māori population being disproportionately affected compared to the non-Māori population. Hearing loss is an impairment that is under-recognised, under-reported and under-treated. This can be explained by the many existing barriers – the shortage of audiological services, financial cost to an individual seeking treatment, the stigma of both hearing loss and hearing aids, and healthcare seeking rates, particularly among the Māori population. This study aimed to develop a Māori language adaptive digit triplet test that could be offered remotely via the telephone and Internet as a hearing-screening test. Three sets of recordings were made of digit triplets spoken in te reo Māori by a female speaker. Two of these sets were selected for normalisation in speech noise. Normal-hearing participants (8 listeners) with hearing thresholds ≤20 dB HL were tested to establish the intelligibility of the individual recorded digits at various signal-to-noise ratios (-13, -10.5, -8 and -5.5 dB). Psychometric functions were fitted to the intelligibility data, and the digits in each position of the triplet that had the steepest slope were selected as the final test stimuli. The level of each selected digit was then adjusted to achieve equal intelligibility as measured at the midpoints of the psychometric functions. These digits were then assembled into eight equivalent lists of similar difficulty, ready for pilot testing. Due to low participant numbers, the pilot testing phase was not completed. Further development of this test continues as the focus of a follow-on study.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Song, Won Joon. "Study on Human Auditory System Models and Risk Assessment of Noise Induced Hearing Loss." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1267794932.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Acker, Leah C. (Leah Christine). "A distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) assessment of cochlear function in tinnitus subjects with normal hearing sensitivity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53201.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-50).
Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an external acoustic source, disrupts the daily life of 1 out of every 200 adults, yet its physiological basis remains largely a mystery. While tinnitus and hearing loss (i.e., elevated pure tone thresholds) commonly co-occur, many people without hearing loss experience tinnitus, raising the question of whether cochlear pathology is always a prerequisite for this percept. This study used distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) to evaluate the cochlear amplifier of 13 tinnitus subjects and 13 non-tinnitus subjects (matched by age, sex, and audiogram) across a broad range of frequencies and intensities. DPOAE magnitudes were measured for at least 52 frequencies (500 Hz by Leah C. Acker.
S.M.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Cook, Mandy Lee Hill. "Behavioral and auditory evoked potential (AEP) hearing measurements in odontocete cetaceans." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001769.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Murnane, Owen D. "Clinical Assessment of Otolith Organ Function." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1930.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Akin, Faith W., Owen D. Murnane, Sherri Smith, and Kristal M. Riska. "Effects of Blast on Auditory & Vestibular Function." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1872.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this session is to examine the effects of blast on auditory and vestibular function. We will present results of auditory and vestibular function tests and neuroimaging results in a group of individuals with blast exposure and dizziness/imbalance and in an age-matched healthy control group.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Schmuziger, Nicolas, Rudolf Probst, and Jacek Smurzynski. "Otoacoustic Emissions and Extended High-Frequency Hearing Sensitivity in Young Adults." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1988.

Full text

Abstract:

The relationship between hearing sensitivity in the extended high-frequency region (8-16 kHz) and (1) the presence of synchronized spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SSOAEs) and (2) the strength of click-evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs and DPOAEs) was investigated in 104 ears of 57 young adults. The age range was confined to 16 to 19 years. All subjects had normal hearing in the conventional audiometric frequency range (0.5-8 kHz). Ears with detected SSOAEs had better hearing sensitivity in the extended high-frequency region and also higher levels of CEOAEs and DPOAEs than ears with undetected SSOAEs. The results support the hypothesis that the presence of SSOAEs is indicative of an ear with highly normal cochlear function over a broad frequency range.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Arpornchayanon, Warangkana. "Effects of TNF-alpha inhibition on inner ear microcirculation and hearing function after acute loud noise in vivo." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-116765.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Prewitt, Sybil N. "Difference in hearing screening failure rates as a function of ethnicity in well newborns screened at Tampa General Hospital." Scholar Commons, 2000. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1547.

Full text

Abstract:

The difference in otoacoustic emission (OAE) hearing screening failure rates as a function of ethnic category was investigated in a population of newborns at Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, Florida. Clinical observation led to a concern that due to a higher incidence of outer and middle ear dysfunction in Hispanic newborns and children, screening could result in disparate failure rates, with a larger number of these infants requiring further testing. This result would warrant changes in current protocols, as well as screener training,and parent counseling practices. Between January and July of 2000, 1407 newborns were tested utilizing distortion product otoacoustic emission screening protocols. Of those infants,only 68 failed, yielding a higher than average overall program referral rate of 5%. It is hypothesized that since later reported referral rates for this program fall below 1%, the individuals performing the screenings had not yet become experienced enough to yield low refer rates. In addition, initial screens are not repeated in this program due to staffing and funding issues, which may contribute to higher than average fail rates. More important, however, results indicated that there is indeed a difference in failure rates as a function of ethnicity, with a greater proportion of Hispanic and African-American and "Other" newborn referrals that Caucasian or Asian newborns. This difference, however, was not significantly reliable. It is hypothesized that this difference may be the result of a generally lower socioeconomic status and access to medical care within urban minority populations in Hillsborough County, Florida. Implications are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Markessis, Emily. "Development of an objective procedure allowing frequency selectivity measurements using the masking function of auditory steady state evoked potentials." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209990.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction

Les surdités cochléaires induisent, outre une audibilité réduite, une série de distorsions de la représentation neurale des sons. Deux des mécanismes à la base de ces distorsions sont d’une part une atteinte de la sélectivité fréquentielle et d’autre part des zones neuro-épithéliales non fonctionnelles. Tant le premier que le second mécanisme apparaissent dans une proportion variable et non prédictible d’un sujet à un autre. Deux tests permettent le diagnostic de ces atteintes spécifiques: la Courbe d’Accord (Tuning Curve: TC) et le Threshold Equalising Noise (TEN) test. La TC, mesurée par une technique psychoacoustique chez un adulte collaborant (Psychophysical TC: PTC), consiste en la mesure du niveau de bruit (masqueur) nécessaire pour masquer un son pur (signal) de fréquence et d’intensité fixes. Le TEN test consiste en la mesure des seuils auditifs dans le silence et en présence d’un bruit égalisateur de seuil (TEN). Ces tests qui requièrent des capacités cognitives adultes normales, ne sont pas applicables aux populations pédiatriques prélinguales.

Ce travail de thèse avait pour but le développement d’un équivalent objectif et non invasif des TCs et du TEN test applicable aux populations pédiatriques. La méthode objective choisie fut les potentiels auditifs stationnaires ou ASSEPs (Auditory Steady State Evoked Potentials). Les ASSEPs sont une réponse électrophysiologique cérébrale évoquée par un stimulus acoustique de longue durée modulé en amplitude et/ou en fréquence.

Méthodes & Résultats

Etape 1

Les développements méthodologiques ont été réalisés sur l’espèce canine et humaine adulte. Les ASSEPs n’ayant jamais été préalablement enregistrés chez le chien, une première étape à consister à définir chez cette espèce les paramètres d’enregistrement optimaux (modulation en amplitude optimale) dont on sait qu’ils interagissent avec l’état veille-sommeil, avec la fréquence testée et probablement avec l’espèce animale investiguée.

A cette fin, les seuils auditifs obtenus chez 32 chiens à l’aide des ASSEPs ont été validés à cinq fréquences audiométriques par comparaison aux seuils obtenus avec les potentiels auditifs du tronc cérébral évoqués aux bouffées tonales.

Les seuils obtenus aux ASSEPs avec les paramètres optimaux d’enregistrement (légèrement différents des paramètres optimaux humains) étaient similaires à ceux obtenus aux bouffées tonales.

Ces résultats ont été publiés dans Clinical Neurophysiology (Markessis et al. 2006; 117: 1760-1771).

Etape 2

La possibilité de mesurer des TCs à l’aide des ASSEPs (ASSEP-TCs) a été évaluée sur 10 chiens. Les données canines ont été comparées à des données de la littérature, çàd aux TC enregistrées chez d’autres espèces et avec d’autres méthodes. Des ASSEP-TCs ont également été enregistrées chez 7 humains adultes et confrontées aux PTCs obtenues chez les mêmes sujets. Les PTCs sont typiquement energistrées avec un signal sinusoïdal alors que le stimulus utilisé pour évoquer un ASSEP est une sinusoïde modulée en amplitude. L’effet des sinusoïdes modulées en amplitude sur les paramètres qualitatifs et quantitatifs des TCs a donc été évalué en comparant les PTCs obtenues avec un son pur et avec un son pur modulé en amplitude chez 10 humains adultes.

Les résultats ont révélé que les ASSEP-TCs enregistrées chez le chien et l’humain présentaient des paramètres qualitatifs et quantitatifs similaires respectivement à ceux décrits dans la littérature et aux PTCs. Par ailleurs, auncun effet des stimuli modulés en amplitude sur les paramètres des PTCs n’a été démontré.

Ces données ont été publiées dans Ear & Hearing (Markessis et al. 2009, 30: 43-53).

Etape 3

Les ASSEP-TCs ont été validées chez 10 chiens en comparant les données aux TC enregistrées par électrocochléographie (Compound Action Potential TC: CAP-TC). Le masqueur utilisé pour les CAP-TCs est typiquement une sinusoïde alors que le masqueur utilisé pour les ASSEP-TCs est un bruit à bande étroite. Dès lors, une comparaison du type de masqueur (sinusoïde vs bruit à bande étroite) sur les paramètres des CAP-TCs et ASSEP-TCs a été réalisée chez 10 chiens.

Les ASSEP-TCs chez le chien se sont révélées qualitativement et quantitativement similaires aux CAP-TCs quel que soit le type de masqueur. Elles presentaient par ailleurs l’avantage d’être moins variables, plus précises et non invasives par rapport aux CAP-TCs.

Ces données ont été publiées dans International Journal of Audiology (Markessis et al. 2010, 49 ;455-62).

Etape 4

Afin d’étudier la validité de la procédure à mettre en évidence des changements de sélectivité fréquentielle dus à une atteinte cochléaire, des ASSEP-TCs ont été obtenues chez 10 chiens cochléo-lésés suite à un trauma acoustique. Les Produits de Distorsion Acoustiques, les potentiels évoqués auditifs du tronc cérébral évoqués par un clic et les ASSEPs à cinq fréquences audiométriques ont été enregisrés afin de délimiter l’étendue de la lésion.

Les ASSEP-TCs ont été fortement altérées, mais pas comme attendu ni suggéré par les mesures fonctionnelles indiquant que le trauma acoustique a créé une lésion différente de celle espérée.

Cette étude doit être poursuivie, des lésions moins importantes créées et une validation histopathologique réalisée.

Etape 5

Le TEN test a été mesuré à l’aide des ASSEPs (ASSEP-TEN) chez 12 adultes et cinq enfants normo-entendants. Les données adultes ont été confrontées aux données comportementales. L’effet des stimuli ASSEP (son pur modulé en amplitude) sur les TEN test a également été investigué en comparant les données comportementales obtenues avec une sinusoïde et avec une sinusoïde modulée en amplitude chez 24 adultes.

Les seuils masqués enregistrés aux ASSEPs étaient supérieurs à ceux mesurés par une épreuve comportementale. L’élévation des seuils masqués pose un problème potentiel de dynamique.

La procédure doit être testée chez des patients présentant une surdité cochléaire attendu que la différence entre les seuils auditifs mesurés aux ASSEPs et par une épreuve comportementale est moindre dans cette population. Dans la mesure où le problème de dynamique résiduelle persiste chez les patients malentendants, d’autres stimuli ou algorithmes d’enregistrement doivent être utilisés.

Etape 6

Le TEN est un stimulus large bande. Il peut dès lors se révéler intolérable chez des patients présentant une atteinte auditive restreinte à une region fréquentielle. L’effet du filtrage du TEN sur les seuils et la sonie du TEN a été étudié chez 24 sujets normo-entendants et 35 patients présentant une perte cochléaire dans les hautes fréquences.

Le filtrage passe-haut du TEN s’est avéré être une solution satisfaisante.

Ces données ont été publiées dans International Journal of Audiology (Markessis et al. 2006; 45: 91-98).

Etape 7

L’effet de l’intensité du TEN sur le diagnostic des zones neuro-épithéliales non fonctionnelles a été investigué chez 24 patients en mesurant les seuils masqués à quatre intensités de TEN différentes. La fiabilité du TEN test a également été évaluée.

Le TEN est une procédure fiable. L’intensité du TEN a affecté le diagnostic chez cinq patients. Ce résultat est interprété en termes de degré de l’atteinte du complexe neurosensoriel.

Ces données ont été publiées dans International Journal of Audiology (Markessis et al. 2009; 48: 55-62).

Conclusion

Un algorithme permettant la mesure de TC et du TEN test objective à l’aide des ASSEPs a été développé. L’implémentation clinique de l’algorithme appliqué à l’enregistrement des CA paraît envisageable. Une importante étape de la corrélation entre modifications anatomiques (à l’aide de l’histopathologie) et physiologiques (ASSEP-TC et CAP-TC) est maintenant celle qui s’impose. Les données préliminaires obtenues sur le TEN test électrophysiologique chez des sujets normo-entendants suggèrent que son implémentation clinique puisse se heurter à un problème de dynamique si ce dernier est confirmé en présence de surdités cochléaires. Plusieurs pistes potentielles de solutions ont été avancées.

Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Gann, Candace J. "Evaluating the Effects of Function-Based Interventions with D/HH Students." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/316774.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examined the effectiveness of function-based interventions applied within a school for the deaf. The participants were elementary-aged males diagnosed as deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) who exhibited chronic off-task behaviors throughout the school day. This study was conducted across two phases: (a) a descriptive functional behavior assessment (FBA) was conducted for each participant and (b) individualized function-based interventions were developed based on the results of the FBAs followed by the implementation of the interventions in each classroom using a single-subject, ABAB reversal design. The function-based interventions significantly improved each participant's on-task behavior in his classroom environment. Furthermore, social validity ratings by each teacher revealed that the interventions were effective, easy to implement, and appropriate for each participant. Implications for application of the procedures used in this study with the D/HH population, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Parrish, Linda Titera. "The Effect of Age, Noise Level, and Frequency on Loudness Matching Functions of Normal Hearing Listeners with Noise Masking." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5793.

Full text

Abstract:

Loudness recruitment is an abnormally rapid growth of perceived loudness above the hearing threshold that slows to normal growth as the intensity of the signal increases. Recruitment is common in sensorineural hearing loss and in simulated hearing loss with noise masking. This study looked at possible differences in loudness recruitment with age, noise level, and frequency. Participants from two age groups were tested. Group A included participants aged 18 to 30 years and Group B included participants aged 50 to 75 years. Participants practiced the Alternate Binaural Loudness Balance (ABLB) test without noise present. They then repeated the tests with masking noise. Tests were completed with two different noise levels (50 dB SPL and 70 dB SPL), and two different test tone frequencies (1000 Hz and 2000 Hz). Participants identified loudness matching points to reference intensities of 20, 40, 60, and 80 dB HL. Participants completed 3 trials at each intensity level. Difference scores of the intensity of the loudness matching point minus the intensity of the reference tone were computed and analyzed statistically. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures fails to show significance for between-subjects effect for age, within subject effect for frequency, and trial. An ANOVA for repeated measures shows significant within subject effect for noise and for intensity. The 70 dB SPL noise level shows greater difference scores and a steeper loudness matching function slope than the 50 dB SPL noise level. The greater difference scores and steeper slope are expected due to the higher hearing threshold created with the higher noise level. As the intensity level increases, the difference score decreases. The decrease in difference scores with increasing intensity levels shows the presence of loudness recruitment. The results of this study suggest the use of masking noise in order to measure recruitment is an acceptable simulation. Age alone does not account for changes in loudness recruitment. Therefore, recruitment measurement with noise masking may be a potential marker of early auditory dysfunction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Henry, Susan Hogue. "Hourly fluctuation of middle ear pressure as a function of age in school-age children." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4093.

Full text

Abstract:

Tympanometry is a useful means of evaluating the status of the middle ear. For the pediatric population, tympanometry is particularly valuable for determining the presence of middle ear effusion. The test has been incorporated in many school hearing conservation programs because of its ease of administration, objectivity, and diagnostic value. In a study by deJonge and Cummings (1985), the hourly fluctuation of middle ear pressure was reported in a group of kindergarten-age children. The variability of middle ear pressure for that group of children averaged 150 daPa. In the present study, a maturational effect of this hourly fluctuation was observed between a group of first-grade age students and sixth-grade age students. Results indicated the younger group averaged a range of 145 daPa, correlating well with the deJonge and Cummings study, while the older group averaged a range of 92 daPa. Thus, as a child matures, the hourly fluctuation of middle ear pressure decreases significantly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Allen, Rebecca J. "Selection of memory book content: Agreement in content as a function of informant relationship to memory book recipient." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6795.

Full text

Abstract:

This study was designed to determine to what extent provision of personally relevant information and sensory cues would agree between Recipient and Informant for selection of memory book content. Six dyads married to each other an average of 29.17 years (SD = 10.03), between the ages of 43 and 70 years (Mean = 57; SD = 8.39), and cognitively competent (i.e., no diagnosis of cognitive impairment) participated. Participants completed questionnaires independently and provided personally relevant information/memories, aversions towards select memories/topics, and sensory cues on behalf of themselves (as “Recipient) and their spouse (as “Informant”). For provision of personally relevant information/memories, Informant and Recipient was 44.58% in agreement (SD = 14.99). For provision of aversions towards select memories/topics, Informant and Recipient was 24.86% in agreement (SD = 30.81). For provision of sensory cues, Informant and Recipient was 19.6% in agreement (SD = 30.81). Findings suggest that memory books made by others may not include the most important memories of the Recipient, thereby limiting the effectiveness of the memory book. Therefore, efforts should be made to encourage individuals to create a memory book while cognitively competent or share their most meaningful memories with the person who is most likely to make them a memory book if they should need one in the future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Smurzynski, Jacek. "Influence of Monaural Overstimulation in Cochlear Function in Normal- hearing Adults Measured Psychoacoustically and with Spontaneous and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2198.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Akin, Faith W., and Owen D. Murnane. "ASHA Perspectives: Clinical Assessment of Otolith Function." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1794.

Full text

Abstract:

The two otolith organs (the saccule and utricle) are positioned perpendicular to each other and sense linear acceleration, head tilt, and gravity, with the primary role of providing input to the vestibulospinal reflex for postural stability. The vestibulospinal reflex serves to modulate posture via two descending pathways that aid in tonic contractions of the antigravity muscles in the arms and legs (lateral vestibulospinal tract) and activate neck motoneurons for the coordination of neck and eye movements (medial vestibulospinal tract). The lateral vestibulospinal tract receives the majority of its input from the otoliths and the cerebellum, whereas the medial vestibulospinal tract receives the majority of its input from the semicircular canals.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Schairer, Kim S., M. Patrick Feeney, D. H. Keefe, D. Fitzpatrick, D. Putterman, and Elizabeth Kolberg. "Comprehensive Wide Bandwidth Test Battery of Auditory Function in Veterans." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1810.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Colbert, Debborah. "Manatee Sound Localization: Performance Abilities, Interaural Level Cues, and Usage of Auditory Evoked Potential Techniques to Determine Sound Conduction Pathways." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002489.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Stanley, Raymond M. "Measurement and validation of bone-conduction adjustment functions in virtual 3D audio displays." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29754.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph.D)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Walker, Bruce N.; Committee Member: Corballis, Paul M.; Committee Member: Corso, Gregory M.; Committee Member: Folds, Dennis J.; Committee Member: Houtsma, Adrianus J. M. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Brown, Megan Suzanne. "Vocal Function Exercises for Normal Voice: With and Without Semi-Occlusion." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/commdisorders_etds/11.

Full text

Abstract:

The primary purpose of this investigation was to explore the effects of varying degrees of vocal tract semi-occlusion in Vocal Function Exercises (VFEs) on attainment of pre- established maximum phonation time (MPT) goals in individuals between the ages of 18 and 45 with normal voice. Individuals were randomized into three experimental groups: the traditional VFE with a semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT), modified /o/ with partial occlusion, and modified /a/ without significant occlusion. For six weeks, the participants completed the four exercises two times each, twice daily on corresponding vocal tract postures assigned by group. Results indicated significant change in percent of MPT goal attained for the traditional VFE group. Neither modified vocal tract group resulted in significant change. Decreased occlusion appears insufficient in producing substantial change in voice production despite increased compliance compared to the traditional VFE group.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kappes, Melissa Skarl. "Evaluation of Speech Perception and Psychoacoustic Abilities Following Chemotherapy." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524043201577734.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Köstlin, Nicole. "Objective measures of function of the peripheral auditory system in adults with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 : a systematic review and meta-analysis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59163.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review and analyse the available peer-reviewed literature reporting on the results of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and click auditory brainstem responses (c-ABRs) in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM). Method: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across three electronic databases to identify English; peer-reviewed articles that included results of OAEs (DPOAEs and TEOAEs) and c-ABR tests in adult subjects with DM. Articles were selected according to predetermined selection criteria and critically reviewed independently by two researchers. Results: 15 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review while nine articles qualified for inclusion in the meta-analysis. DPOAE studies reported significantly reduced amplitudes with only one study reporting larger amplitudes. Abnormal TEOAEs were reported in all TEOAE studies, although these abnormalities were not always significant. Significantly delayed c-ABRs were reported in all ABR studies. Analysis of c-ABR mean wave latencies identified longer latencies for DM subjects, particularly for wave III and V, as well as for IPL I-III and I-V. Conclusions: Subjects with T1DM and T2DM may present with clinical or subclinical impairment of the cochlear outer hair cells and both the peripheral and central auditory pathway.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology
MA
Unrestricted

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Moharam, Mona [Verfasser], and Wafaa [Gutachter] Shehata-Dieler. "Intraoperative monitoring of cochlear nerve function during acoustic neuroma surgery with transtemporal approach: Warning signs as predictors of postoperative hearing loss / Mona Moharam ; Gutachter: Wafaa Shehata-Dieler." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221963244/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Sloggy, JoAnna. "GROWING OLD AS A ROCK STAR: A FOUR-PART STUDY OF THE AGING VOICE." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/rehabsci_etds/59.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation focuses on the aging voice - specifically the aging elite vocal athlete. It is comprised of four components; a series of research studies and a viewpoint piece designed to explore the awareness, struggles, and vocal compensations of aging singers dealing with age related vocal and performance problems. The overarching goal of these studies is to inform the development of a voice care protocol for the aging rock star to guide customized intervention for these elite vocal athletes that is focused on optimizing both vocal output and performance. First, the dissertation introduces and identifies characteristics of the exceptional voice. This involves a new vocal continuum that includes the normal voice, the trained voice, and the exceptional voice. The second component is a qualitative study of older contemporary commercial music (CCM) singers adjustments and accommodations associated with their aging. From this, four overarching themes are identified: modest self-perception of their vocal prowess and its relationship to performance, acute sensitivity to changes in vocal quality, recognition of the critical association of voice quality with their identity as a performer, and an array of accommodations to aging-related vocal changes. The third component of the dissertation is a randomized control trial examining the efficacy of Vocal Function Exercises as a treatment modality for presbyphonia. Analysis revealed that the experimental group improved in select outcome measures including decreased glottic gap, increased upper range, and maximum phonation time at the 6-week post-treatment re-evaluation with no such changes in the control group. The final study investigated the vocal and performing trajectories of six CCM male singers through analysis of video performances across their career. Singers were shown to make accommodations consistent with the reported findings from component two. Such accommodations include decreased total time singing for some singers, accommodations for range changes, and changes to performance. From this study, the Exceptional Voice Protocol was created to provide a customized vocal and performance blueprint for each artist that meets their unique needs for their exceptional voices. Overall, this research indicates that aging CCM singers appear to be experiencing age and performance related vocal changes and are making detectable accommodations to their performance. Additional findings show that Vocal Function Exercises appear to be an efficacious treatment modality for aging voice. Findings from these studies confirm the need for continued research on age-related vocal and performance changes for these performers and guidelines for appropriate habilitation and rehabilitation so these rock stars can continue performing for as long as they desire.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Gomez, Salvador Gustavo. "Protein Phosphatase 1 Concentrates at the Base of Sensory Hair Cell Stereocilia, Where it May Function in Stereocilia Cytoskeletal Structure." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1556276688823712.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Petrovic, Jelena 1983. "Dual function of Notch signaling and role of Hes/Hey genes in the inner ear sensory development." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/319713.

Full text

Abstract:

Durante el desarrollo del oído interno, Notch presenta dos modos de funcionamiento: inducción lateral, que se asocia con la especificación prosensorial, e inhibición lateral, asociada a la determinación de las células ciliadas. Estos mecanismos dependen, respectivamente, en dos ligandos diferentes, Jagged1 (Jag1) y Delta1 (Dl1) y se basan en una misma cascada de señalización iniciada con la activación de Notch. En el otocisto de pollo, la expresión de Jag1 y Hey1 se correlacionan bien con la inducción lateral, mientras que Jag1 y Dl1 se expresan durante la inhibición lateral junto con Hey1 y Hes5. Otros Hes/Hey genes no muestran patrones restringidos de expresión en el epitelio ótico. Los experimentos muestran que Jag1 induce niveles más bajos de actividad de Notch que Dl1, y ello resulta en la expresión diferencial de Hey1 y Hes5. Además, Jag1 interfiere con la capacidad de Dl1 para inducir niveles altos de actividad de Notch. Modelando el epitelio sensorial para los dos ligandos se demuestra que la regulación de los ligandos, la fuerza de la señalización y la competencia por la señalización son fundamentales para permitir los dos modos de funcionamiento y para establecer el patrón alterno de las células ciliadas. Jag1, opera en el modo de inducción lateral cuando está sólo, pero facilita la inhibición lateral en presencia de Dl1. Este nuevo comportamiento emerge de que Jag1 actúa como un inhibidor competitivo de Dl1 para la señalización de Notch. Los experimentos muestran que el patrón de células ciliadas es muy robusto, y el modelo sugiere que la autoactivación del factor proneural Atoh1 es un componente fundamental para la robustez del patrón. Los resultados destacan la importancia de los niveles de señalización Notch y la competencia entre los ligandos para la función de Notch. Hey1 y Hes5 están regulados por Notch, sin embargo, el patrón de expresión Hey1 sugiere que puede ser también regulado por otros mecanismos. Los resultados muestran que las vías Bmp, Wnt y Ffg modifican la expresión de Hey1 y Hes5. Particularmente, Hey1 está regulado por Wnt a través de la señalización Jag1-Notch y los Bmps regulan diferencialmente a Hey1 y Hes5. Además, Hey1 y Hes5 muestran diferentes estabilidades de mRNA, lo que al menos en parte subyace a las respuestas temporales diferentes tras el bloqueo de Notch. La ganancia de la función de Hey1 o Hes5 muestra que existe una regulación cruzada y compleja. Tanto como Hey1 y Hes5 suprimen la expresión Dl1, lo que sugiere que cooperan durante la inhibición lateral. Por otro lado, a pesar de su asociación con Jag1, Hey1 no es instrumental para la inducción lateral. Se sugiere que Hey1 y Hes5, son objeto de una regulación compleja que incluye diferentes niveles de actividad de Notch, la estabilidad de sus transcritos, la regulación cruzada y por otras vías de señalización que pueden así determinar los diferentes roles de Hey1 y Hes5 en el oído interno.
During inner ear development, Notch exhibits two modes of operation: lateral induction, which is associated with prosensory specification, and lateral inhibition, which is involved in hair cell determination. These mechanisms depend respectively on two different ligands, Jagged1 (Jag1) and Delta1 (Dl1) and rely on a common signaling cascade initiated after Notch activation. In the chicken otocyst, expression of Jag1 and the Notch target Hey1 correlates well with lateral induction, whereas both Jag1 and Dl1 are expressed during lateral inhibition as are Notch targets Hey1 and Hes5. Other Hes/Hey genes do not show restricted expression patterns in the otic epithelium. We show that Jag1 drives lower levels of Notch activity than Dl1, which results in the differential expression of Hey1 and Hes5. In addition, Jag1 interferes with the ability of Dl1 to elicit high levels of Notch activity. Modeling the sensory epithelium when the two ligands are expressed together shows that ligand regulation, differential signaling strength and ligand competition are crucial for allowing the two modes of operation and for establishing the alternate pattern of hair cells and supporting cells. Jag1, while driving lateral induction on its own, facilitates patterning by lateral inhibition in the presence of Dl1. This novel behavior emerges from Jag1 acting as a competitive inhibitor of Dl1 for Notch signaling. Both modeling and experiments show that hair cell patterning is very robust. The model suggests that autoactivation of proneural factor Atoh1, upstream of Dl1, is a fundamental component for robustness. The results stress the importance of the levels of Notch signaling and ligand competition for Notch function. Hey1 and Hes5 are regulated by Notch, however, Hey1 expression pattern suggests that it may be also regulated by other Notch-independent mechanisms. The results show that Bmp, Wnt and Fgf pathways modify Hey1 and Hes5 expression in the inner ear. Particularly, Hey1 is regulated by Wnt through Jag1-Notch signaling and Bmps differentially regulate Hey1 and Hes5 expression. In addition, Hey1 and Hes5 show different mRNA stability that at least in part underlies differential temporal responses after Notch blockade. The gain of function of Hey1 or Hes5 shows that they cross-regulate each other in a rather complex manner. Both Hey1 and Hes5 suppress Dl1 expression, suggesting that they cooperate during lateral inhibition. On the other hand, in spite of its association with Jag1, Hey1 is not instrumental for lateral induction, which is promoted by Hes5. We suggest that Hey1 and Hes5, are subject of a rather complex regulation that includes different levels of Notch activity, the stability of their transcripts, cross regulation and other signaling pathways that may determine the different roles of Hey1 and Hes5 in inner ear.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kok, Danelia. "The impact of hearing aids on the cognitive functions of postlingually hearing impaired older adults." Thesis, Kok, Danelia (2015) The impact of hearing aids on the cognitive functions of postlingually hearing impaired older adults. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2015. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/38308/.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The World Health Organisation estimates that 360 million people worldwide suffer from a disabling hearing loss (WHO, 2012). In Australia alone, one in six suffer from hearing impairment, with the incidence increasing to three out of four by the time an individual reaches 70 years of age (Wilson et al., 1999). Age Related Hearing Loss or presbycusis is a common type of hearing impairment in older adults. Hearing loss is known to affect speech perception (Moore, 1996) but is also associated with a higher risk of loneliness (Pronk et al., 2013). The effect of untreated hearing loss on cognitive functions has also been investigated. Reports by Lin et al. (2011 & 2013) indicate that untreated hearing loss is independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline, cognitive impairments in executive function and memory, and an increased risk of incident dementia. Aims: This study had two objectives; 1) determine if a significant difference exists between Normal Hearing (NH) and Hearing Aid Candidates (HAC) in mental health scores and cognitive tests of executive function and memory, and 2) investigate whether the use of hearing aids improves these mental health scores and cognitive functions in HAC. Methods: Testing was conducted at baseline before hearing aid use and three months after fitting of hearing aids. Participants completed a questionnaire on anxiety, stress, and depression as a means to obtain and control for mental state. A battery of computerised tests was used to assess cognitive functions. Results: A significant difference was found in the test of delayed visual recognition memory matching (DMS) and attention switching (AST) between NH and HAC groups. It appears that a task mediated through the temporal lobe (DMS) is impaired in HAC whereas tasks mediated through the frontal lobe (AST) showed a compensatory mechanism and therefore performance was better in the HAC. Hearing aid use did not affect these scores at three months, perhaps because three months is not long enough for acclimatisation to occur in the brain. Presbycusis sufferers displayed a higher risk for depression and stress. Hearing aids did not significantly improve this. Conclusion: More research is needed to specifically identify which cognitive functions are affected by hearing loss to target specific treatments to these areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Hájek, Petr. "Výpočetní simulace přenosu zvukových signálů lidským uchem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231143.

Full text

Abstract:

The presented thesis concerns the biomechanics of hearing. The main aim of this work is the determination of so called corrections which allow for the comparison of synthetic audiograms and measured audiograms. With these corrections we attempt to overcome the discrepancy that exists between the computational modelling and audiological measurement. The discrepancy lies in a fact that the computational modelling usually simulates the sound coming from a free eld to the external auditory canal, while audiological measurement is realized by audiological headphones, whether the auditory system is healthy or injured. Then corrections adjust the computational model so that the obtained result is comparable to audiological measurement. In this work is also addressed the influence of stapes kinematics to the excitation of basilar membrane. The movement of stapes consists of piston-like movement and rocking movement. The computational simulation shows which movement is more signicant for the excitation of basilar membrane and how this effect can be used in otosurgery, in particular, for type IV of tympanoplasty.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Akin, Faith W., and Owen Murnane. "Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials: Preliminary Report." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1792.

Full text

Abstract:

Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are short-latency electromyograms evoked by high-level acoustic stimuli recorded from surface electrodes over the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. These responses are presumed to originate in the saccule. The purpose of this preliminary report is to provide an overview of our initial experience with the VEMP by describing the responses obtained in five subjects. Click-evoked VEMPs were present at short latencies in two normal-hearing subjects, one patient with profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss, and one patient with a severe sensorineural hearing loss due to Meniere's disease. Additionally, VEMPs were absent in a patient with profound sensorineural hearing loss following removal of a cerebellopontine angle tumor. The amplitude of the VEMP was influenced by the amount of background activity of the SCM muscle, stimulus level, and stimulus frequency. Tone-burst evoked responses showed an inverse relationship between stimulus frequency and response latency. VEMPs may prove to be a reliable technique in the clinical assessment of vestibular function.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Biudes, Fabrícia de Oliveira. "Indicadores de alterações de comunicação em indivíduos com lesão axonal difusa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-05082014-150957/.

Full text

Abstract:

Introdução: O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é um problema de saúde mundial, uma vez que aumentam a cada dia o índice de acidentes de trânsito, violência interpessoal e quedas. Destaca-se como a principal causa de morte e incapacidade, principalmente entre jovens, com impacto na qualidade de vida do indivíduo, sua família e sociedade. Neste estudo foram recrutados indivíduos com lesão axonal difusa (LAD), que se caracteriza por estiramento ou ruptura do axônio ou outras estruturas em diferentes regiões cerebrais. É o tipo de TCE mais recorrente, com comprometimento, principalmente de déficits cognitivos. O objetivo foi descrever a linguagem de indivíduos acometidos por LAD no que diz respeito à linguagem, funcionalidade da comunicação e função executiva. Método: A amostra foi composta por 76 indivíduos, divididos em grupos de igual número: grupo controle (38) e grupo de estudo (38) e foram avaliados mediante aplicação do BEST-2, Token teste, fluência verbal fonêmica, teste de trilhas, teste Wisconsin e o domínio de comunicação social do questionário ASHA FACS. Resultados: No grupo de estudo prevaleceram indivíduos acometidos por TCE grave. Os resultados mostram diferenças significantes entre grupo controle e indivíduos com TCE com LAD quanto aos testes aplicados, exceto para fluência fonêmica. Além disso, houve correlação entre os testes cognitivos e de linguagem. Conclusões: Os indivíduos com lesão axonal difusa moderada e grave apresentaram alterações de compreensão e expressão da linguagem, que impactaram a comunicação social, aspecto essencial para a funcionalidade. As alterações de linguagem, comunicação e funções executivas mostraram-se associadas. Estudos com maior número de participantes e com lesões de menor gravidade seriam interessantes para ampliarmos o conhecimento sobre as sequelas dos agravos traumáticos nessa população jovem
Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as intracranial injury, is a global health issue, as the occurrence of interpersonal violence, traffic accidents and falls rises every day. Worldwide, TBI is the leading cause of death and disability, especially among young people, impacting on the cost of treatment and quality of life of the individual and his or her family. This study observed individuals presenting diffuse axonal injury, which is characterized by stretching or breakage of the axon or other structures in different brain regions. It is the most recurrent type of TBI, with commitment, mainly cognitive deficits. The objective was to describe the language of individuals with LAD with respect to language, communication and functionality of executive function. Method: The sample was composed of 76 subjects, divided into groups of equal numbers: control group (38) and study group (38) and were assessed by applying BEST-2, Token Teste, verbal fluency, phonemic, trail making tests, Wisconsin test and the domain of social communication from questionnaire ASHA FACS. Results: In the sample, individuals that were seriously compromised prevailed. The results show significant differences between control group and individuals with TBI diffuse axonal injury in every language and executive function test applied. In addition, there was a correlation between cognitive and language testing. Conclusions: Individuals with moderate or serious diffuse axonal injury presented alteration in comprehension and expression of language, which impacted their social communication, essential for functionality. Changes in language, communication and executive functions were associated. Studies with larger numbers of participants and with minor injuries would be interesting to enable us to expand our knowledge regarding the consequences of traumatic aggravations in this young population

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Silva, Alessandra Obara Soares da. "Participação popular na administração pública: as audiências públicas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8733.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:29:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alessandra Obara Soares da Silva.pdf: 962425 bytes, checksum: ebbf75efd4c62cf7e75c8b8f2a45a5ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-29
Every administrative activity, nowadays, elapses from a procedure. Whenever the procedure demands as one of its phases the previous knowledge and the possibility of participation of the particular interested, there´ll be process. It´s a goal of the and realizes the Democratic State of Law, the participation of the interested person in decision process that can interferer in one´s sphere of individual or collective rights. Due to the complex contemporary society, with multiple goals that elapses from pluralism, the need of a quick and efficient decision is evident. And, to conquer the public interest it´s evident that the State as one, on it´s decision activity, must know better the reality about what is going to decide. This knowledge is easily reached with public participation on decision process. And, the public hearing is one of the new instruments that materialize direct public participation. New, because it´s legal establishment is a recent phenomenon and the importance of it´s study is demonstrated by the quick increase of it´s prevision, with few specific studies about this theme. Especially about the accomplishment of public hearing in the scope of the Executive, the studies are few and, in practice, there´s still some resistance due to the fear of blocking or delaying the administrative function. Fear that should give up due to the need of transparence and efficiency on public administration, that is the typical activity of Executive
Toda atividade administrativa, hoje, decorre de um procedimento. Sempre que o procedimento contemplar como uma de suas fases a cientificação e possibilidade de participação do particular interessado, haverá processo. E constitui objetivo e realização do Estado Democrático de Direito a participação do interessado em processos decisórios que interfiram em esfera de direito individual ou coletiva. Diante da complexidade da sociedade contemporânea, com multiplicidade de interesses derivada do pluralismo, a necessidade de rápida e eficaz decisão é evidente. E, na realização do interesse público, é premente a necessidade de que o Estado como um todo, na atividade de decidir, conheça o melhor possível a realidade sobre que se debruça. Este conhecimento é facilitado pela participação direta dos interessados nos processos decisórios. E, a audiência pública é um dos novos instrumentos de participação popular direta. Novos porque sua positivação é fenômeno relativamente recente e a importância de seu estudo é demonstrada pela rapidez com que a previsão abstrata de sua realização espraiou-se pelo ordenamento jurídico pátrio, com parcos estudos específicos sobre o tema. Especialmente sobre a realização de audiência pública no âmbito do Poder Executivo, a doutrina é lacônica e, na prática, há ainda certa resistência fundada no receio de travamento do exercício da função administrativa. Receio este que deve ceder diante da necessidade de transparência e eficiência na gestão da coisa pública, típica atividade do Poder Executivo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Akin, Faith W., Owen D. Murnane, and Tina M. Proffitt. "The Effects of Click and Tone-Burst Stimulus Parameters on the Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (vemp)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2003. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1790.

Full text

Abstract:

Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) are short latency electromyograms (EMG) evoked by high-level acoustic stimuli and recorded from surface electrodes over the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle and are presumed to originate in the saccule. The present experiments examined the effects of click and tone-burst level and stimulus frequency on the latency, amplitude, and threshold of the VEMP in subjects with normal hearing sensitivity and no history of vestibular disease. VEMPs were recorded in all subjects using 100 dB nHL click stimuli. Most subjects had VEMPs present at 500, 750, and 1000 Hz, and few subjects had VEMPs present at 2000 Hz. The response amplitude of the VEMP increased with click and tone-burst level, whereas VEMP latency was not influenced by the stimulus level. The largest tone-burst-evoked VEMPs and lowest thresholds were obtained at 500 and 750 Hz. VEMP latency was independent of stimulus frequency when tone-burst duration was held constant.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Akin, Faith W., Owen D. Murnane, Peter C. Panus, Stacy K. Caruthers, Amy E. Wilkinson, and Tina M. Proffitt. "The Influence of Voluntary Tonic Emg Level on the Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potential." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1789.

Full text

Abstract:

Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are proposed as a reliable test to supplement the current vestibular test battery by providing diagnostic information about saccular and/or inferior vestibular nerve function. VEMPs are short-latency electromyograms (EMGs) evoked by high-level acoustic stimuli and recorded from surface electrodes over the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid muscle. VEMP amplitude is influenced by the EMG level, which must be controlled. This study examined the ability of subjects to achieve the EMG target levels over a range of target levels typically used during VEMP recordings. In addition, the influence of target EMG level on the latency and amplitude of the click- and tone-evoked VEMP was examined. The VEMP amplitude increased as a function of EMG target level, and the latency remained constant. EMG target levels ranging from 30 microV to 50 microV are suggested for clinical application of the VEMP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hearing function'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles