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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hearing disorders'
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Thys, Noel. "Hearing loss simulation." Thesis, Peninsula Technikon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1127.
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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Peninsula Technikon, Cape Town, 2000.This document gives a report on the research that has been done to simulate hearing loss. People working with the hearing impaired have no idea of what and/or how the hearing impaired person hears sound. An instrument that enables a normal hearing person to hear what a hearing impaired person hears, is referred to in this document as a Hearing Loss Simulator (HLS). An investigation of the feasibility and practicability of the abovementioned instrument, has led to the development of the HLS by making use of a distinct type of technology called Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology. Before hearing loss can be simulated, the hearing loss first needs to be determined. A study of different procedures and methods for screening hearing has led to the incorporation of an existing instrument called an Audiometer. An audiometer is an instrument that determines the hearing loss by making use of pure tone sine waves. The results are then plotted on a graph called an Audiogram. The results of other methods that determine the hearing loss can also be transferred to the Audiogram. The Audiogram's information which is, in fact, the frequency response of the ear, is stored in a computer and is utilized to realize the HLS function. Six different DSP based methods were studied to shape any audio information according to a specific frequency response. The optimum method was identified and then implemented. The various methods are the following: Filter bank method Inverse Discrete Fourier Transforms (IDFT) method Inverse Fast Fourier Transforms (IFFT) method Chirp-z method Wavelet method Yule-walker method The ITFT method was identified as the optimum method and was therefore implemented. The algorithm to realize this method, was carried out by doing the IFFT calculation on computer and subsequently doing the filtering on a DSP processor called an ADSP-2181 processor. The audio information under investigation is fed into the instrument, it is then filtered according to the audiogram information and then sent out again. Any normal hearing person who wants to investigate the hearing impairment of the hearing impaired person can listen to sound reproduction through either a set of headphones or through a free field. This process is referred to in this dissertation as Hearing Loss Simulation.
Foundation of Research and Development
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Jenkinson, Emma Mary. "The genes involved in hearing and endocrine disorders." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-genes-involved-in-hearing-and-endocrine-disorders(2c5548ea-e173-4d99-8339-63ab02d4a9cd).html.
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In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in rare autosomal recessive disorders. This project entitled ‘The Genes Involved in Hearing and Endocrine Disorders’ focuses on a group of autosomal recessive phenotypes which include symptoms such as sensorineural hearing loss, ovarian dysgenesis, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, short stature and developmental delay. The aim of the project is to give insight into the molecular pathology of two disorders; Perrault syndrome (PS) and an unclassified Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (HH) disorder, through the identification of causative genes. Perrault syndrome is defined as the association of sensorineural hearing loss and primary ovarian failure/ovarian dysgenesis. The phenotypic spectrum of PS is broad with the most common additional features being neurological, including ataxia. The HH disorder presented in this thesis is novel, where affected family members present with a complex combination of features including hearing loss, hypogonadism, facial dysmorphism, microcephaly and learning disability. I undertook a combination of genetic techniques including autozygosity mapping and next generation sequencing to define the causative genes. In one consanguineous PS family I identified a locus at 19p13 and subsequent sequence analysis determined three novel missense changes in PCP2, CLPP and GTF2F1 which may be pathogenic. In the HH family autozygosity mapping defined a locus at chromosome 3p21 and a novel missense variant in BSN was identified. Subsequent developmental biology techniques were used to define the pathogenicity of these variants. In conclusion, the data presented in this thesis has contributed to current understanding of hearing and endocrine disorders in humans. Novel mutations have been identified in genes which have not previously been linked to hearing or sexual development. Future work will be aimed at determining the specific roles of these genes in disease pathogenesis and providing accurate risk estimation for the families who have taken part in this study. An additional aim will be to increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of more common disorders of hearing loss and infertility in the hope of developing novel therapeutics.
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Wong, Lai-wan Livia. "Cantonese paediatric hearing screening test : a pilot study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19859922.
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Hilton, Jennifer Maglona. "Progressive hearing loss in mouse mutants." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610680.
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Bredenkamp, Corné-Louise. "Age related hearing loss and conversation before and after hearing aid fitting /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10222007-143520.
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Gonzenbach, Stephen Albert. "The relationship between sentence recognition, hearing handicap and personality in males with mild to moderate hearing loss /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1989. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10858155.
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Thesis (Ed.D.) -- Teachers College, Columbia University, 1989.Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Eleanor B. Morrison. Dissertation Committee: Honor O'Malley, Richard W. Matthes. Bibliography: leaves 102-107.
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Mazlan, Rafidah. "Parent satisfaction with a neonatal hearing screening program /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18476.pdf.
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Elangovan, Saravanan. "(Central) Auditory Processing Disorders: A Hearing Loss of the Brain." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1574.
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Eager, Katrise Mary. "Rehabilitation of unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss with a bone anchored hearing aid." University of Western Australia. School of Surgery, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0061.
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The long-term outcomes of subjects fitted with a bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) for a unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss (UPSHL) are still evolving. Previous studies have focused on the comparison between shortterm outcomes obtained with hard-wired contralateral routing of signal (CROS) hearing aids and those obtained with BAHA devices. Published results on subjects who have worn their BAHA devices for UPSHL for more than twelve months are limited. This study explored the long-term outcomes of adults fitted with a BAHA for UPSHL. The aims were firstly to examine subjects' pre-operative and postoperative speech perception in quiet and noise, as well as administer two standardised questionnaires, the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Benefit (APHAB) and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile (GHABP). The second aim was to evaluate the responses of implanted subjects following the preoperative test protocols using a supplementary questionnaire, the Single Sided Deafness Questionnaire (SSDQ). The third aim was to monitor the subjects' implant or repair issues. In addition, questionnaire results were compared to subjects who underwent pre-operative assessment but were not implanted. All subjects had a UPSHL resulting from various aetiologies including vestibular schwannoma or other skull base tumour removal, viral infections, cochlear trauma, idiopathic sudden hearing loss, and Meniere's disease. There was a significant difference between the implanted groups' pre- and post-operative outcomes measures, indicating a treatment effect from the fitting of the BAHA device. No significant changes were found with the non-implanted groups' longterm outcome measures in regards to their perceived hearing difficulties. No significant correlations were found between outcome measures and gender, age of fitting, length of deafness, or ear affected for either group.
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Wong, Lai-wan Livia, and 黃麗韻. "Cantonese paediatric hearing screening test: a pilot study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251043.
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McCelland, Emily, Julia McDowell, Sherri Smith, Kim Schairer, and Marc A. Fagelson. "Hearing Aid Outcomes in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7812.
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare hearing difficulties and hearing aid outcomes in veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) to a group of veterans with no medical diagnosis of PTSD. Our hypothesis was that veterans with PTSD would have poorer hearing aid outcomes in certain domains (e.g., those related to loudness or interactions with the environment) relative to patients without PTSD. Assessing these differences could help identify unique factors that may lead to the development of tailored aural rehabilitation for hearing aid users with PTSD.
Design: This descriptive study employed subjective outcome measures and surveys; the Abbreviated Profile for Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) served as the primary outcome measure. An additional questionnaire was developed to assess views of the subjects’ hearing in unaided and aided conditions in an effort to explore the relation between hearing aid benefit and PTSD symptoms. A total of 60 veterans with sensorineural hearing loss and bilateral hearing aid use were recruited from the Audiology Clinic at the James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Mountain Home, TN. Participants were divided into two groups of subjects either with or without PTSD (n=30 in each). Diagnosis of PTSD was confirmed via a chart review of the veteran’s medical record.
Results: Results from the APHAB revealed a significant difference between groups in global benefit scores as well as the aversiveness subscale in the unaided condition. Overall, the PTSD group showed lower benefit scores, however outcomes indicated that both groups received benefit when aided. Results from the study questionnaire showed a significant difference between the two groups in both unaided and aided conditions for the questions focused on hyper-arousal and re-experiencing symptoms.
Conclusions: Hearing aid users with PTSD perceive less benefit from hearing aid use on traditional hearing aid outcome measures. Additionally, these hearing aid users were more affected by hyper-arousal, re-experiencing symptoms, and avoidance compared to hearing aid users without PTSD. The clinical implications of this work suggest that hearing aid users with PTSD may need modified hearing aid fittings and/or additional counseling to meet their unique listening needs.
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Rothstein, Rebecka. "Managing and Highlighting Hearing Disorders Within the Studio Mixing Engineer Community." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84626.
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A sound engineers’ hearing is their most important and vulnerable tool. Many professions within the music industry are considered a risk group for sound induced hearing disorders, but there is not much research specifically about how sound engineers hearing suffers from exposure. Hearing disorders not widely talked about within the audio community either, there seems to be some stigma around the subject. The main research questions for this study are: How does a known or unknown hearing disorder impact mixing decisions and what views are there within the AES community, and from professionals, on how to manage and highlight hearing disorders? This study uses an interview and a panel discussion to answer questions about how professionals deal with the subject and a mixing test to find out how hearing disorders, known or unknown, affect mixing techniques. In the mixing test, 12 participants were asked to make three mixes. Each mix with a different scenario, once with instruction to mix normally, once with a filter imitating a hearing disorder but with no different instructions and once with a similar filter imitating the same disorder but with instructions that there was a filter. The results from the study show that mixing strategies change when informed of a hearing disorder, but it does not necessarily mean that the mixers will be able to counteract the spectral difference. The interview and panel discussion showed that there is a prominent fear within the community that when you have a disorder, you will be disqualified from working. However, all the professionals agreed that you can continue working and become successful despite having a hearing disorder.
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Leung, Kwong-ki. "Hearing loss in school children with down syndrome." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3798679X.
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Chan, Wai-man Crystal. "Vowel organization in speakers with severe and profound hearing loss." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209417.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1997."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 1997." Also available in print.
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Lee, Juvy. "The utilization of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and tympanometry in hearing screening of hearing-impaired children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209983.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1999."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 14, 1999." Also available in print.
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Tsui, Yee-han Ida. "Perception of aspiration and place of articulation of initial stops by normal and sensorineural hearing-impaired listeners." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209326.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1996."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 29, 1996." Also available in print.
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Gibbs, Fran French 1945. "Humor as Experienced by Hearing Impaired Women." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565553.
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Olsen, Henrik L. "Supra-threshold hearing loss and wide dynamic range compression /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-921-8.
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LANGHANS, JOSEPH JOHN III. "PANTOMIME RECOGNITION AND PANTOMIME EXPRESSION IN PERSONS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188005.
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There are few, yet contradictory, reports in the literature regarding whether persons with Alzheimer's disease demonstrate a disturbance of nonverbal communication or pantomime. While some researchers ascribe all disturbances of gestural behavior to apraxic phenomena, others have viewed a disturbance of pantomime as the consequence of language disorder or general intellectual deterioration. This investigation was conducted (1) to determine whether persons with Alzheimer's disease demonstrate a disturbance of pantomime recognition, pantomime expression, or both, compared to healthy, aged controls; (2) to determine the relation of performance on measures of pantomime recognition and pantomime expression to performance on measures of cognition/intelligence, language, and praxis in Alzheimer subjects; (3) to determine whether Alzheimer subjects improve pantomimic expressive performance on imitation of the examiner; and (4) to determine whether a statistically significant difference in pantomimic expressive performance between Alzheimer and control subjects is also a clinically obvious difference. Forty-five subjects (30 subjects with Alzheimer's disease and 15 healthy, aged controls) were administered measures of pantomime recognition, pantomime expression, cognition/intelligence, language, and praxis. In addition, 13 graduate students in speech-language pathology viewed and judged as being "normal" or "abnormal" 15 expressive pantomimes performed by 10 Alzheimer and 5 control subjects. Results indicated that there was a significant difference between groups in performance on both pantomime measures; the Alzheimer subjects performed less well than controls. The performance of Alzheimer subjects on both pantomime measures was also more closely related to performance on measures of language and cognition/intelligence than to praxis. Alzheimer subjects improved pantomimic expressive performance on imitation of the examiner, to the extent that between groups performance no longer differed significantly. Finally, graduate student judges rated the pantomimic expressive performance of Alzheimer subjects as being "abnormal" significantly more often than the pantomimic expressive performance of controls. Because the pantomime variables were related to both the language and cognition/intelligence variables, and the language and cognition/intelligence variables were related to one another, it was concluded that these variables were functionally interdependent, and therefore, these results for this sample conformed with central mechanism explanations for a disturbance of pantomime.
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Cleland, Joanne. "Speech and prosody in developmental disorders : autism and Down's syndrome." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2010. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7450.
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Language impairment is a key characteristic of many developmental disorders, with the relationship between linguistic and cognitive ability a critical topic for research in this field. Speech (articulation and phonology) and prosody have largely been absent from these discussions, perhaps because they are not universally impaired. The portfolio of published research critically appraised here addresses the relationships between speech and prosody and other domains, such as language and cognition, in two conditions in which disordered speech is common: primarily at the suprasegmental level in autism and at the segmental level in Down’s syndrome. Speech disorders were found in both conditions, though speech was much more severely impaired in Down’s syndrome. Errors were typically categorised as delayed phonological processes, implying a linguistic cause. However, through fine phonetic transcription and instrumental techniques it was shown that both conditions also presented with distortions that were more phonetic in nature and with non-developmental errors. Severity of speech disorder was not related to cognitive or linguistic ability as measured by standardised assessments, suggesting that a generalised delay in language or cognition was not the cause of disordered speech. In autism minor delays and distortions may be due to a lack of ability to identify with peers and impaired theory of mind, whereas in Down’s syndrome anatomical differences and difficulty with motor planning are likely causes. Both linguistic and paralinguistic prosody were found to be disordered in children with autism and correlations with linguistic ability were found. However, disordered prosody is more likely to be due to impaired theory of mind or weak central coherence than a result of delayed language. Both autism and Down’s syndrome present with speech that is disordered rather than simply delayed and this is unlikely to be due to delayed language, suggesting that specific, targeted intervention may be warranted.
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Li, Wai-yin Karen. "Questionnaire-based screening for hearing disability in Hong Kong school children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2003. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38889390.
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Thesis (B.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 2003." Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30) Also available in print.
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Cheung, M. K., and 張文娟. "Prediction of hearing thresholds: a comparison of Chinese hearing in noise test and cortical evokedresponse audiometry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30476719.
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Patni, Pranav. "Disease mechanism and functional redundancy in clarin-mediated hearing and balance disorders." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS002.
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Le syndrome d'Usher (USH) est la première cause de surdité et de cécité chez l'homme. 3 types cliniques USH (USH1-3) sont définis. La perte auditive des patients de forme clinique de type III n'est pas congénitale, mais progressive, survenant généralement pendant ou après l'adolescence, et la présence de défauts vestibulaires et l'âge d'apparition de la rétinite pigmentaire sont variables. J'ai étudié le rôle de la clarine-1, à l'origine de l'USH3A. Le gène CLRN1 code pour la clarine-1. La caractérisation des souris mutantes Clrn1 a révélé que la clarine-1 est essentielle pour l'organisation structurelle et la fonction des canaux présynaptiques Cav1.3 Ca2+ au niveau de la synapse du ruban des cellules ciliées internes et pour la distribution des récepteurs AMPA postsynaptiques. Le transfert à médiation virale de la Clrn1 intacte dans les souris mutantes clarin-1 dans la cochlée a empêché durablement les défauts synaptiques et l'apparition de la perte auditive. J'ai également exploré le rôle de clarine-2, dont l'absence entraîne une perte auditive. Les souris mutantes clarin-2 présentent une perte auditive progressive et précoce. Nos résultats démontrent un rôle clé pour la clarin-2 dans l'audition des mammifères, fournissant des informations sur l'interaction entre la transduction mécano-électrique et le maintien des stéréocils. Enfin, j'ai étudié les mécanismes compensatoires impliquant les deux clarines qui pourraient cacher des fonctions importantes dans l'oreille interne. L'inactivation de Clrn1 et Clrn2 altère prématurément la fonction vestibulaire, la perte totale de transduction mécano-électrique et les perturbations extrêmes des stéréocils du faisceau de cheveux. Une élucidation supplémentaire des mécanismes par lesquels les deux clarines interagissent, et l'importance de ces interactions dans les systèmes vestibulaire et cochléaire est en coursUsher Syndrome (USH) is the first cause of deafness blindness in humans. 3 USH clinical types (USH1-3) are defined. Type III clinical form patients hearing loss is not congenital, but progressive, usually occurring during or after adolescence, and the presence of vestibular defects and age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa is variable. I studied the role of clarin-1, causing USH3A. CLRN1 gene encodes clarin-1. The characterization of Clrn1 mutant mice revealed that clarin-1 is essential for the structural organization and function of the presynaptic channels Cav1.3 Ca2+ at the inner hair cell ribbon synapse and for the distribution of postsynaptic AMPA receptors. The viral-mediated transfer of the intact Clrn1 into the clarin-1 mutant mice in cochlea durably prevented synaptic defects and occurrence of the hearing loss. I also explored the role of clarin-2 another member of the clarin family, the absence of which leads to hearing loss. The clarin-2 mutant mice have a progressive, early-onset hearing loss. Our findings demonstrate a key role for clarin-2 in mammalian hearing, providing insights into the interplay between mechano-electrical transduction and stereocilia maintenance. Finally, I studied the compensatory mechanisms involving the two clarins which might conceal important functions in the inner ear. The inactivation of both Clrn1 and Clrn2 impairs prematurely the vestibular function, total loss of mechano-electrical transduction & extreme disruptions of the hair bundle stereocilia. Further elucidation of the mechanisms through which the two clarins interact, and the importance of such interactions in the vestibular and cochlear systems is underway
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McCombie, Gemma Grace. "Effect of Jaw Opening on the Speech and Voice of Normal-Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Children: An Acoustic and Physiological Study." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3231.
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This study utilises instrumental measures to examine the effect of jaw opening on the speech and voice of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired (HI) children. The simultaneous recording system employed consisted of acoustic recording, electroglotography (EGG), and a marker-based facial tracking device. Participants, aged between 9 and 12 years, included nine normal hearing children (4 females and 5 males) and six children with hearing impairments (3 females and 3 males). Participants were instructed to say the standard word list used for the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation and a list of words including each of the vowels /i/, /a/, and /u/, preceded by the consonants /b/, /g/, or /s/ in a CV, CVC or CVCV context. In total, the second word list included 45 words (3 vowels X 3 consonants X 5 trials) and participants were asked to repeat a second time using an open jaw posture. Measures of the acoustic signals included: frequencies of formants one and two (F1, F2), fundamental frequency (F0), percent jitter, percent shimmer, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), vowel length, consonant length, and spectral moments (M1 and M2). Vowel spaces, derived from F1 and F2, were also analysed. The EGG measures included fundamental frequency, open quotient, and speed quotient. The marker-based facial tracking signals was analyzed to derive the measure of maximum jaw displacement. Individual participants’ measures were submitted to a series of two-way Analysis of Variances (ANOVAs) and the average data for participants in the normal-hearing group to a series of twoway repeated measures ANOVAs. Results showed that increased jaw opening led to an increase in vowel area (as shown by the F1/F2 plots of the vowels /i/, /a/ and /u/). A significant decrease in SNR was also found for many participants in the open jaw condition, indicating increase vocal stability. The HI participants showed smaller vowel areas than their normal-hearing peers. These results suggest the utility of increase jaw opening may increase vowel area and voice quality for both HI and normal-hearing children.
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Harris, Lori Gayle. "Social-Emotional Development in Children with Hearing Loss." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/commdisorders_etds/4.
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Many positive outcomes have been documented for children with hearing loss utilizing current treatment approaches such as early identification and intervention, including appropriately fit sensory devices and communication modes that focus on listening and spoken language. However, challenges related to social-emotional development have been widely observed. The development of communication skills in children with hearing loss is impacted by many factors, including the degree of hearing loss, the child's age at onset and identification, the presence of other disabilities, and when the child receives intervention. While there are a variety of therapeutic options available for children with hearing loss to develop communication skills, listening and spoken language is of particular interest to parents with normal hearing. In addition to affecting social competence and participation, problems with social-emotional development are linked to poor academic performance. This study examined the social-emotional development of a small group of young children who communicated using listening and spoken language as measured by parent and caregiver report. Three psychosocial scales were used to evaluate the children's social-emotional development in comparison to peers. These results were analyzed within the context of other demographic variables. One of the five children was identified as facing problems with social-emotional development.
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Gopal, Rachina. "Identification and follow-up of children with hearing loss in Mauritius." Pretoria : [s.n.], 1999. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07312006-160000.
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Klein, Jenny. "Predictors of Parental Discipline in Families Raising Youth With Hearing and Communication Disorders." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2194.
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Children with disabilities are at high risk for several forms of maltreatment, including abuse and neglect (Ammerman, Hersen, Van Hasselt, Lubetsky, & Sieck, 1994; Sullivan & Knutson, 1998b), and children with hearing and communication disorders comprise a substantial portion of children at risk (e.g., Sullivan & Knutson, 2000). For example, some literature investigating the parenting practices of parents raising children and adolescents with hearing and communication disorders suggests that these parents have a tendency to use physically harsh discipline practices (Knutson, Johnson, & Sullivan, 2004; Sullivan & Knutson, 1998b). Further, high prevalence rates of emotional and behavioral problems are documented in these youth (e.g., Greenberg & Kusche, 1989; Hindley, 1997; Prizant, Audet, Burke, & Hummel, 1990). Despite these findings, a limited amount of research focuses on understanding factors related to these undesired outcomes. Therefore, this study investigates the relationships among dimensions of parents' psychological functioning and parent-child interactive processes in a culturally diverse, national sample of families raising children and adolescents with hearing and communication disorders. Results suggest that parents' stress, depression, and anxiety as well as parent-child communication and involvement are important correlates of discipline practices and subsequent child behavior in families raising children and adolescents with hearing and communication disorders. Additionally, psychological aggression and parents' depression are highly predictive factors in the use of corporal punishment. Also, psychological aggression and parenting stress are highly predictive of reported youth behavior problems. The information gained from this investigation may provide direction for assessment and therapeutic intervention with parents of children and adolescents who have hearing and communication disorders.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD
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Fagelson, Marc A. "Hearing Aid Use for Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1592.
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The Official Publication of the Canadian Academy of Audiology, Marc Fagelson writes about how awareness and consideration of the special needs of patients with PTSD – the increased need to monitor the acoustical environment
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Gilbert, Alison Mary. "Limiting Noise Exposure Associated with Hearing Aid Use." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5193.
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Industrial workers who have sustained hearing losses often wear hearing aids on the job in order to hear their co-worker's speech. However they risk damaging their hearing further by amplifying the high levels of background noise typical of such environments. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established guidelines to protect workers' hearing. A maximum allowable level of 90 dBA averaged over a period of eight hours is considered safe. Wearing hearing aids on the job may expose an individual to a considerably higher levels, however no guidelines as to maximum allowable levels of amplified noise exist at this time. This study evaluated the performance of four hearing aids in noise to determine which would provide appropriate amplification without exceeding the OSHA maximum. The instruments were adjusted to provide 14 different frequency responses and placed on the Knowles Mannequin for Acoustic Research (KEMAR). A microphone in the position of KEMAR's eardrum recorded amplified levels of taped industrial noise. A sound level meter integrated the levels to give the OSHA Time Weighted Average (TWA), simulating the acoustic effect of an 8-hour noise exposure on an industrial worker. Amplified noise remained below the OSHA maximum (90 dBA) in 2 of the 14 hearing aid conditions studied. Noise amplified by the Argosy Expander, an experimental noise-reducing hearing aid, remained below the OSHA maximum when the instrument was set to provide minimum gain and maximum noise reduction. The Argosy 3-Channel Clock also maintained amplified noise at a safe level when adjusted to provide gain only in a limited frequency region. Noise amplified by the Danavox Aura X programmed to provide a TILL response remained within one dB of the OSHA maximum. This study demonstrated that it is possible to use amplification in environments with constant background noise without risking additional noise-induced hearing loss. Two hearing aids were proven effective in maintaining amplified industrial noise at safe levels, however determining their effect on speech intelligibility in noise is beyond the scope of this study. Further research is needed to address this issue.
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Robinson, Shirley R. (Shirley Ruth). "Monaural and Binaural Speech Reception Thresholds in Normal Children and Those at Risk for Central Auditory Processing Disorders." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277814/.
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Children with central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) have a normal pure-tone audiogram, however, they have difficulty understanding speech in the presence of background noise. The present study examined binaural hearing in normal children and those with possible CAPD. Each subject was administered the SCAN or SCAN-A, screening tests for CAPD, to determine whether they were at risk for CAPD. Participants were then subjected to several monaural and binaural speech tasks, in quiet and noise. Spondee words were utilized in each task, under headphone and soundfield conditions.
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Tang, Po-yi Tempo. "Prevalence of auditory neuropathy in hearing impaired children attending schools in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208450.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2002."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 10, 2002." Also available in print.
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Eley, Cynthia S. "Unilateral hearing impairment and the effects of FM auditory trainers on auditory discrimination." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539806.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of using an FM auditory trainer on the speech intelligibility with unilateral hearing loss. Half lists of the NU-6 was administered to 20 normal hearing adults under the following conditions: binaurally (quiet and noise), one ear occluded without and FM auditory trainer (quiet and noise), and one ear occluded with an FM auditory trainer (quiet and noise). The occlusion of the right and left ears was performed in order to control for the dominance of the right ear in speech discrimination under noise.The results indicated a significant improvement in speech discrimination when an FM auditory trainer is used with the unilaterally hearing impaired.Department of Speech Pathology & Audiology
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Van, Rooyen Sonia. "Immittance in infants 0 - 12 months measurements using a 1000 Hz probe tone /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10292007-142816.
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Ma, Xiaoran, and 馬瀟然. "Comprehensive assessment of (central) auditory processing disorder in school age children with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208610.
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Among complications associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in school age children, conductive hearing loss has been thoroughly investigated because the symptoms are noticeable and the treatment is often easy to access. Research on central auditory processing disorder [(C)APD] has been rarely explored in this clinical population. However, children with NSCL/P have been reported to have delayed speech and language development, as well as poor academic performance in general compared to craniofacially normal peers, despite their peripheral hearing problems typically resolving with age. In order to investigate suspected (C)APD in children with NSCL/P, the present research program was initiated.
The study aimed to utilize a comprehensive test battery to assess auditory status in children with NSCL/P, and to investigate whether they have a greater frequency of (C)APD compared to craniofacially normal children. 147 children with NSCL/P and 60 normal children were recruited. They were Mandarin speakers and attending regular schools. The children with NSCL/P did not have peripheral hearing problems at time of assessment. There were three types of assessment tools used in the present research program. Firstly, hearing health tests were conducted to evaluate peripheral hearing function. Case history and auditory questionnaire reports were completed by caregivers to obtain basic medical and developmental information (Chapter 3). Secondly, auditory behavioral tests of (C)APD functioning were administered, including a gap detection test and a speech in noise recognition test (Chapter 4). Thirdly, an auditory evoked potential (AEP) assessment was conducted as an objective evaluation of the central auditory nervous system (Chapter 5).
Based on the results of this research program, it was concluded that, firstly, children with NSCL/P showed behaviors typically found in children with (C)APD when questionnaire results were considered. Children with cleft palate (CP) showed the most negative outcomes, and cleft lip (CL) group children showed results equivalent to craniofacially normal children. Secondly, behavioral assessment results showed that compared to control group children, maturation for temporal resolution abilities was delayed in children with NSCL/P. Also, the ability to use interaural timing and intensity cues for speech recognition in a noisy environment was poorer in children with CP and CLP. Finally, abnormal AEP findings in children with cleft suggested longer neural transmission times and delayed development of the auditory nervous system may occur in this population.
In summary, the research program found that children with NSCL/P are at higher risk of auditory processing difficulties compared to craniofacially normal children. In addition, a comprehensive test battery is more appropriate for making an accurate diagnosis of (C)APD in this population than a single assessment protocol. The present research program has contributed to an enhanced awareness of potential (C)APD in children with NSCL/P, which had not been investigated using a comprehensive test battery for a large sample of children with cleft disorders in any previous studies. Since Chinese language specific assessment tools are limited, further studies to develop an appropriate, comprehensive test battery for the diagnosis of auditory processing disorder in Chinese children with oral cleft and to explore effective management of this disorder are required.published_or_final_version
Speech and Hearing Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Higson, Josephine M. "Parent and professional health beliefs about Otitis media with effusion : impact on parent behaviour." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299564.
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Ward, S. E. G. "An investigation into the early detection and diagnosis of congenital auditory imperception." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234145.
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Chu, Mee-yee Katie. "Audiological status of cleft palate patients in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22008378.
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Strauss, Susan. "Early hearing intervention and support services provided to the paedetric population by South African audiologists." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09112007-083626.
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De, Waal Rouviere. "Objective prediction of pure tone thresholds in normal and hearing-impaired ears with distortion product otoacoustic emissions and artificial neural networks." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07142006-112943.
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Brainerd, Dianna W. "Sentence Discrimination in Noise and Self-assessed Hearing Difficulty." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4523.
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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the CID Everyday sentences, with competing cafeteria noise, as a measure of the real life receptive communication difficulty experienced by subjects with hearing loss limited to frequencies above 2000 Hz. In order to establish normative data the speech discrimination test w~s given to 38 normal hearing subjects (aged 19-46). Second, the discrimination test was given to 12 hearing impaired subjects (29-64), who also completed a self-assessment questionnaire, the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA). The results were analyzed to determine: (a) if there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the normal hearing and the hearing impaired subjects, and (b) if there was a significant correlation between the hearing impaired subjects' scores on the discrimination test and those obtained on the HHIA. The investigation revealed that a statistically significant difference (p=0.04) existed between the mean scores of the two subject groups on the discrimination test. The hearing impaired subjects averaged about 9% below the normal hearing subjects. Although there was a weak to moderate correlation between the hearing impaired subjects' scores on the discrimination test and their scores on the HHIA, it was not statistically significant. It was concluded that, with further research, the CID Everyday sentences, with competing cafeteria noise, have potential merit as a speech discrimination procedure to quantify the hearing handicap produced by a high frequency hearing loss.
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Leung, Kwong-ki, and 梁廣基. "Hearing loss in school children with down syndrome." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3798679X.
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Yu, Ka-yin Joannie, and 余家燕. "Effects of DPOAE pass/fail criteria on outcome of neonatal hearing screening." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29151855.
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Oblowitz, Neil Graham. "The development of the self concept scale for the hearing impaired." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17132.
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Bibliography: pages 173-181.The self concept is a critical variable in the overall development and functioning of hearing impaired pupils, yet the findings of research studies indicate that pupils may have difficulty forming a realistic, positive self concept. The consequences of the hearing loss appear to contribute to lowered self-esteem. The accumulated effect of unresolved psychosocial developmental stages may increase the probability of identity confusion in adolescence. The results of research on the self concept of the hearing impaired has been inconclusive and difficult to interpret partly due to the use of inappropriate self concept scales. There is a need for a relevant test which assesses pupils' strengths and weaknesses in dimensions of the self concept. In this dissertation, the 'Self Concept Scale for the Hearing Impaired' (SSHI) is developed with the purpose of designing an appropriate self concept scale specifically for use on hearing impaired pupils between the ages of 11 and 19 years. During the construction and administration of the SSHI, an attempt was made to control for confounding variables known to influence responses of pupils and to distort scores obtained. The SSHI was constructed primarily according to the homogenous-keying approach. Test-retest reliability coefficients were computed over a 4 to 5 week period for 198 pupils in three schools for the hearing impaired in the Western Cape.
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Al-Dakroury, Wael. "Verbal pragmatic characteristics of 4-5 year-old Saudi boys with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD)." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2014. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7443.
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This study investigated verbal pragmatic skills in Saudi Arabian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It examined quantitatively the verbal output, turns, topic related skills, and interlocutor impact in the children with ADHD compared to age-matched typically developing (TD) children. Also, a qualitative approach was used to investigate the mother-child interaction in children with ADHD compared to TD children with respect to conversational contributions and repair by the mother and the complexity of responses from the child. Another goal of the study was developing an audio-visual language sample database for Saudi Arabian Arabic speaking children. The participants were twenty 4-5 year old Saudi boys. Ten were typically developing and ten had a diagnosis of ADHD. A 30 minute sample of speech during free play was collected from each child in conversation with an unfamiliar adult interlocutor and a 15 minute sample of speech was collected during free play with a familiar interlocutor (the mother). All sessions were recorded on DVD using two video cameras. Transcription and coding systems were used to analyze the data. Comparisons were made between the TD children and the children with ADHD using quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results of the quantitative study showed that children with ADHD have a reduced verbal output with respect to total number of words, total number of verbal turns and average number of words per turn compared to typically developing children of similar age. Also, participants with ADHD showed a significantly higher topic initiation to topic maintenance ratio compared to TD participants in the sessions with the unfamiliar interlocutor. No significant effect of interlocutor was found. The results of the qualitative study revealed that verbal skills are more challenging for children with ADHD relative to their unaffected peers which is presented by more frequent “no verbal response” than TD participants and use of more single word productions during their interactions with FI. However the incidence of “mazes” did not differentiate the children with ADHD from TD children. The mothers of children with ADHD were found to be more directive in conversation, to use "what" and "yes/no" questions more frequently and they had a greater tendency to use non-verbal cues. The differences were interpreted as evidence of the negative effect of the core behavioural characteristics of ADHD on verbal pragmatic skills and the presence of weak discourse skills in children with ADHD compared to TD age-matched children. The results also reveal the importance of investigating mother-child interaction variables in an attempt to understand the effect of parental style on the verbal skills of the children with ADHD. We have at this stage no means of telling whether the reduced verbal productivity is merely a by-product of non-linguistic core behavioural characteristics of this disorder or whether it stems from a core linguistic pragmatic deficit which is (or can be) an integral part of the disorder itself. The clinical implications are that very careful attention is needed in assessing children with ADHD to determine the nature and the extent of their language-use difficulties. Language-use difficulties exhibited by children with ADHD may be associated with a lack of social competence, which will be reflected in their conversational skills. The analysis provides the speech language pathologist with information that could assist them, by giving them a better understanding of children with ADHD, which would lead to more comprehensive assessments and more effective intervention and parent training programs.
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Bean, Allison Frances. "Word learning in children with autism spectrum disorders: the role of attention." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/639.
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Attention impairments are well documented in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Under associative accounts of early word learning, the attention impairments in children with ASD preclude them from developing effective learning strategies. In this study we examined whether children with ASD utilize the same attention cues for learning as their unaffected receptive-vocabulary mates. In a word-learning task, we asked: 1) whether hearing novel and attention-grabbing words cued children to shift their attention to the speaker, and 2) whether the children followed the gaze of the speaker to determine the speaker's focus of attention. We taught novel words in two conditions. One condition provided maximal social-attention scaffolding; the examiner followed the focus of the child's attention. The other was less scaffolded; the examiner directed the child's attention to the target using eye gaze. We manipulated the number of objects present during teaching, two versus four, to examine the effect of non-social attention scaffolding with scaffolding here defined as a reduction in distractions.
Fifteen-children with ASD (ages 36-91 months) were matched to fifteen unaffected children (ages 16-92 months) on the basis of receptive vocabulary (RVM group). The ASD group's performance differed from the RVM group's performance on one measure: shifting attention to the speaker upon hearing a novel or attention-grabbing word on the initial trial. On all other measures, the ASD group's performance did not significantly differ from the RVM group's performance. Although there was not a significant effect of condition, closer analysis revealed that in the RVM and ASD groups, only the consistent-gaze followers' performed better than chance on the word-learning tasks. We hypothesize that, when all else is equal, providing a label does not make the target distinct enough to support word-referent pairings for children who are not consistently attending to the speaker. Overall, the ASD group demonstrated greater within group variability in their attention than the RVM group. Gaze following was variable across (and within) the ASD group. The within subject variability suggests some children with ASD are slow to appreciate eye gaze cues in unfamiliar contexts.
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Murry, Peter John. "Frequency lowering to improve speech reception of hearing impaired people." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.
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Chen, Yingyi. "Zhong yi yao zhi liao bao long de wen xian zong shu /." click here to view the abstract and table of contents, 2006. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisab.pl?pdf=b19986749a.pdf.
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France, Susan J. "Some effects of early hearing loss on the function and connections of the ferret auditory cortex." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670259.
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Tam, So-may May. "Acoustic analysis of word-initial stop consonants in profoundly hearing impaired speakers." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209338.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1996."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 29, 1996." Also available in print.
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Payne, Tom. "An investigation into the experience of hearing voices network groups." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2015. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/13858/.
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Voice hearing has a diverse history but is currently understood as symptomatic of a disease within psychiatric frameworks. Alternatives to 'treatment' include peer-support 'Hearing Voices Network groups' (HVNGs) which have grown in popularity and exist alongside treatment-based hearing voices groups. Few studies have investigated processes underlying change in HVNGs. Established research into therapeutic factors and personal recovery may provide frameworks elucidating change processes. This study aimed to investigate how HVNG attendees experienced change within the group and how this change influenced their lives. A qualitative design was employed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to elucidate group processes through immersion in the perspectives of group attendees. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight individuals who were purposively sampled from two HVNGs. Interviews lasted from 34 to 54 minutes, were recorded on a Dictaphone and later transcribed verbatim. Four superordinate themes emerged: 'healing', connecting with humanity; group as an emotional container; making sense of the voices and me; and freedom to be myself and grow. The study concluded that relationships, safety, exploration of voices and group ownership are key components of HVNG and fit into frameworks of therapeutic factors and recovery processes. Development of HVNGs should take these processes into account. Future studies should further elucidate processes.