Journal articles: 'Hearing difficulty'

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Criter, Robin E., and Megan Gustavson. "Subjective Hearing Difficulty and Fall Risk." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 3 (September 3, 2020): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-20-00006.

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Purpose Hearing loss is a risk factor for falls. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between subjective hearing difficulty and risk of falls. Method Community-dwelling older adults, aged 60 years and older, completed a case history; three questionnaires, including the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE), Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC); and one functional balance measure, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Pearson and Spearman correlations were calculated, and average scores were plotted according to group and HHIE score category for DHI, ABC, TUG, the number of medications, and the number of recent falls. Results Seventy-four participants were included in this analysis: 28 nonaudiology patients, 18 audiology patients with hearing aids, and 28 audiology patients without hearing aids. Significant positive correlations were noted between HHIE and DHI scores for audiology patients without hearing aids and between HHIE score and number of recent falls for audiology patients with hearing aids. When average scores were plotted for DHI, ABC, TUG, the number of medications, and the number of recent falls according to group and category, there were clear trends toward increased fall risk as HHIE score categories increased (i.e., mild to moderate to severe) based on previously used criteria. Conclusions Overall, a trend was noticed such that, for increasing HHIE score categories, fall risk increased. Significant correlations existed between HHIE score and some of the measures used to indicate fall risk (i.e., DHI score, number of recent falls). Future fall risk research should investigate subjective hearing difficulty as a risk factor, as well as pure-tone audiometric thresholds.

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Lin, Harrison W., Hossein Mahboubi, and Neil Bhattacharyya. "Hearing Difficulty and Risk of Mortality." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 128, no. 7 (March 4, 2019): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489419834948.

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Spehar, Brent P., and Jeffery T. Lichtenhan. "Patients With Normal Hearing Thresholds but Difficulty Hearing in Noisy Environments." Otology & Neurotology 39, no. 8 (September 2018): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mao.0000000000001903.

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Bennett, Carissa D. "Hearing Aid Use with Minimal High-Frequency Hearing Loss." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 100, no. 2 (February 1989): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988910000212.

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This Study evaluated the use of hearing aids by patients with hearing threshold levels of 20 dB or less at 500 and 1000 Hz and 35 dB or less at 2000 Hz. Ninety-eight patients completed a 30-day trial with amplification. Six months later, patients were interviewed by telephone and questioned on hearing aid use and perceived unaided and aided difficulty in various listening environments. Results of the study demonstrated that patients with minimal high-frequency hearing loss can benefit from the use of hearing aids. Ninety-two percent of the patients elected to purchase the hearing aids and 85% considered the aids a worthwhile investment after 6 months of use. Patients showed a mean improvement from moderate unaided to slight aided difficulty at work and in general social situations. The only variable that predicted success with hearing aids was degree of unaided difficulty at work. Patients who perceived less unaided difficulty at work were less likely to obtain benefit from the use of the hearing aids.

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Brenowitz, Willa, Teresa Filshtein, Kristine Yaffe, Stefan Walter, Thomas Hoffmann, Eric Jorgenson, Rachel Whitmer, and Maria Glymour. "Using Genetic Information to Explore Whether Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease Affects Hearing Difficulty." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2922.

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Abstract Underlying AD-related neurodegeneration or shared risk factors may influence hearing loss; in an innovative approach we tested whether genetic risk for AD also influences functional hearing loss. We studied 401,084 UK Biobank participants aged 40-70, with Caucasian genetic ancestry, and enrolled 2007-2010. Participants self-reported hearing difficulty and were followed for AD diagnosis until 2018. A genetic risk score for AD (AD-GRS) was calculated as a weighted sum of 23 AD risk variants. In age-, sex-, and genetic ancestry- adjusted models higher AD-GRS was associated with problem hearing in ages 60+(OR= 1.03; 95%CI:1.00, 1.05), but not ages <60 (p>0.05). Using the AD-GRS as an instrumental variable for AD diagnosis, we estimated that incipient AD increased probability of difficulty hearing at enrollment by 45% (95%CI: 1%, 93%). Higher AD-GRS was associated with slightly higher odds of hearing difficulty in older adults. Genetics that predispose for AD also influence late-life hearing difficulty.

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Powell, Danielle, and Nicholas Reed. "DEMENTIA AND HEARING LOSS: A DOUBLE HIT ON PATIENT-PROVIDER COMMUNICATION?" Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.607.

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Abstract Hearing difficulty may adversely impact patient-provider communication and be exacerbated by the presence of other conditions like dementia. We examined the association between reported Alzheimer’s disease/dementia and reported difficulty communicating with providers. Using the 2019 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, we included participants were aged ≥65 years who reported functional difficulty hearing. Exposure was the presence of reported Alzheimer’s disease/dementia. Our outcome is reported difficulty communicating with medical providers. Multivariate logistic regression was used for association between the added presence of dementia and reported difficulty communicating with healthcare providers. Among 5,535 beneficiaries reporting hearing difficulty, diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease or another dementia showed 2.76(95%CI:1.97-3.87) times greater odds of reporting difficulty communicating with providers compared to not reporting dementia. In summary, older adults with reported hearing difficulty and dementia may have increased difficulty communicating with medical providers. Findings suggest hearing management may aid in improving health outcomes for adults with dementia.

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Katsuya, Noriko, Mayumi Imao, Meiko Takamiya, Yasuyuki Nabata, Chie Obuchi, and Tomoko Sano. "Psychology of the Hard of Hearing: Living with the Difficulty of Hearing." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 84 (September 8, 2020): SS—047—SS—047. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.84.0_ss-047.

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Joseph, Antony R. "Hearing Health Outcomes as a Function of Age, Gender, and Diversity." Seminars in Hearing 43, no. 04 (November 2022): 324–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758377.

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AbstractThe United States does not ensure equitable access to hearing health care for all age groups, largely because these services are costly and even unobtainable in some places. Barriers to care are discussed within a context of the social determinants of health, under-representativeness of hearing-care professionals from historically marginalized communities, older adults and age-related hearing loss, and associated health conditions. The MarkeTrak 2022 study generated a sample of 15,138 respondents with information on 43,597 individuals. Data analysis revealed that self-reported hearing difficulty appears to increase with age with a rate of 12.4% for adults 18 years of age and older. A substantial proportion of individuals with hearing difficulty assumed that their problem was age-related, followed by exposure to loud sound and noise. Individuals with hearing difficulty were nearly three to four times more likely to have tinnitus, cognitive problems, and issues with balance and falling than those with no hearing problems. Self-reported hearing difficulty was lower for historically marginalized groups (7%) than for the White population (12%). Recommendations are presented to reduce the burden of hearing difficulty and hearing aid deserts for rural and urban populations.

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Singh, Jasleen, and Karen A. Doherty. "Use of a Mild-Gain Hearing Aid by Middle-Age Normal-Hearing Adults Who Do and Do Not Self-Report Trouble Hearing in Background Noise." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 3 (September 3, 2020): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-19-00051.

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Purpose The aim of the study was to assess how the use of a mild-gain hearing aid can affect hearing handicap, motivation, and attitudes toward hearing aids for middle-age, normal-hearing adults who do and do not self-report trouble hearing in background noise. Method A total of 20 participants (45–60 years of age) with clinically normal-hearing thresholds (< 25 dB HL) were enrolled in this study. Ten self-reported difficulty hearing in background noise, and 10 did not self-report difficulty hearing in background noise. All participants were fit with mild-gain hearing aids, bilaterally, and were asked to wear them for 2 weeks. Hearing handicap, attitudes toward hearing aids and hearing loss, and motivation to address hearing problems were evaluated before and after participants wore the hearing aids. Participants were also asked if they would consider purchasing a hearing aid before and after 2 weeks of hearing aid use. Results After wearing the hearing aids for 2 weeks, hearing handicap scores decreased for the participants who self-reported difficulty hearing in background noise. No changes in hearing handicap scores were observed for the participants who did not self-report trouble hearing in background noise. The participants who self-reported difficulty hearing in background noise also reported greater personal distress from their hearing problems, were more motivated to address their hearing problems, and had higher levels of hearing handicap compared to the participants who did not self-report trouble hearing in background noise. Only 20% (2/10) of the participants who self-reported trouble hearing in background noise reported that they would consider purchasing a hearing aid after 2 weeks of hearing aid use. Conclusions The use of mild-gain hearing aids has the potential to reduce hearing handicap for normal-hearing, middle-age adults who self-report difficulty hearing in background noise. However, this may not be the most appropriate treatment option for their current hearing problems given that only 20% of these participants would consider purchasing a hearing aid after wearing hearing aids for 2 weeks.

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Alexander, Joshua M. "Hearing Aid Technology to Improve Speech Intelligibility in Noise." Seminars in Hearing 42, no. 03 (August 2021): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735174.

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AbstractUnderstanding speech in noise is difficult for individuals with normal hearing and is even more so for individuals with hearing loss. Difficulty understanding speech in noise is one of the primary reasons people seek hearing assistance. Despite amplification, many hearing aid users still struggle to understand speech in noise. In response to this persistent problem, hearing aid manufacturers have invested significantly in developing new solutions. Any solution is not without its tradeoffs, and decisions must be made when optimizing and implementing them. Much of this happens behind the scenes, and casual observers fail to appreciate the nuances of developing new hearing aid technologies. The difficulty of communicating this information to clinicians may hinder the use or the fine-tuning of the various technologies available today. The purpose of this issue of Seminars in Hearing is to educate professionals and students in audiology, hearing science, and engineering about different approaches to combat problems related to environmental and wind noise using technologies that include classification, directional microphones, binaural signal processing, beamformers, motion sensors, and machine learning. To accomplish this purpose, some of the top researchers and engineers from the world's largest hearing aid manufacturers agreed to share their unique insights.

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Kraus, Nina, and Travis White-Schwoch. "Difficulty Hearing in Noise? Listen to the Brain." Hearing Journal 72, no. 4 (April 2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hj.0000557750.43399.3a.

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Reisman, Rosette Ruth. "An Audiologist’s Hearing Difficulty Changes Her Clinical Approach." ASHA Leader 24, no. 7 (July 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/leader.fplp.24072019.72.

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Motlagh Zadeh, Lina, Noah H. Silbert, Katherine Sternasty, De Wet Swanepoel, Lisa L. Hunter, and David R. Moore. "Extended high-frequency hearing enhances speech perception in noise." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 47 (November 4, 2019): 23753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903315116.

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Young healthy adults can hear tones up to at least 20 kHz. However, clinical audiometry, by which hearing loss is diagnosed, is limited at high frequencies to 8 kHz. Evidence suggests there is salient information at extended high frequencies (EHFs; 8 to 20 kHz) that may influence speech intelligibility, but whether that information is used in challenging listening conditions remains unknown. Difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments is the most common concern people have about their hearing and usually the first sign of age-related hearing loss. Digits-in-noise (DIN), a widely used test of speech-in-noise perception, can be sensitized for detection of high-frequency hearing loss by low-pass filtering the broadband masking noise. Here, we used standard and EHF audiometry, self-report, and successively higher cutoff frequency filters (2 to 8 kHz) in a DIN test to investigate contributions of higher-frequency hearing to speech-in-noise perception. Three surprising results were found. First, 74 of 116 “normally hearing,” mostly younger adults had some hearing loss at frequencies above 8 kHz. Early EHF hearing loss may thus be an easily measured, preventive warning to protect hearing. Second, EHF hearing loss correlated with self-reported difficulty hearing in noise. Finally, even with the broadest filtered noise (≤8 kHz), DIN hearing thresholds were significantly better (P < 0.0001) than those using broadband noise. Sound energy above 8 kHz thus contributes to speech perception in noise. People with “normal hearing” frequently report difficulty hearing in challenging environments. Our results suggest that one contribution to this difficulty is EHF hearing loss.

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Powell, Danielle S., Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales, Sasha Pletnikova, Jennifer A. Deal, and Nicholas S. Reed. "Self-Report Hearing and Injury or Falls in Older Adults from the National Health and Information Survey." Seminars in Hearing 42, no. 01 (February 2021): 066–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726016.

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AbstractThis article aims to investigate the association between hearing and nonfatal injury or falls in a nationally representative sample of adults from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) utilizing over 20 years of participant surveys. We conducted a pooled cross-sectional analysis of participant surveys (aged 50 years and older) from 1997 to 2017. Self-report hearing difficulty, history of injury over the last 3 months, reported injury from fall over the last 3 months, and reported reason for fall (including due to balance/dizziness) were collected. Using logistic regression, we investigated the odds of injury, injury from fall, and fall due to balance/dizziness by self-report hearing status. In secondary analysis, we investigated the odds of each outcome by reported hearing aid use. Models were adjusted for demographics, year of study, vision difficulty, diabetes, employment, and cardiovascular disease. Reported moderate or greater difficulty hearing demonstrated a significantly greater odds of injury (odds ratio [OR]: 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 1.42) or fall due to balance/dizziness (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.60) compared with reported excellent/good hearing. A dose–response association was seen across levels of reported difficulty hearing for all outcomes. In this nationally representative study of adults aged 50 years and older, greater reported difficulty hearing was significantly associated with increased odds of injury and suggests greater odds of falls or fall due to balance/dizziness compared with reported good hearing. Results suggest hearing loss should be considered as a possible risk factor for both injury and fall prevention studies and programming in older adults.

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Reavis, Kelly M., Jonathan M. Snowden, James A. Henry, Frederick J. Gallun, M. Samantha Lewis, and Kathleen F. Carlson. "Blast Exposure and Self-Reported Hearing Difficulty in Service Members and Veterans Who Have Normal Pure-Tone Hearing Sensitivity: The Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 11 (November 8, 2021): 4458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00687.

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Purpose Evidence suggests that military blast exposure may lead to self-reported hearing difficulties despite audiometrically normal hearing. Research identifying potential mechanisms of this association remains limited. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the associations between blast, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and self-reported hearing difficulty, and to examine PTSD as a possible mediator of the association between blast exposure and hearing difficulty. Method We used baseline data from the Noise Outcomes in Service members Epidemiology (NOISE) study ( n = 477). Participants in this study undergo a comprehensive hearing, and tinnitus if applicable, evaluation and complete a large number of surveys. Pertinent data extracted from these surveys included information on participant's demographics, military service history, including exposure to blast, and health conditions such as symptoms of PTSD. Using regression models and following a formal causal mediation framework, we estimated total associations, natural direct and indirect associations, and percent mediated. Results We found that individuals with blast exposure had higher prevalence of both probable PTSD and self-reported hearing difficulty than individuals who were not blast exposed. Compared with participants without blast exposure, those with blast exposure had twice the prevalence of self-reported hearing difficulty, with 41% of the association mediated through probable PTSD. Conclusion As PTSD is a possible mediator of the association between blast exposure and hearing difficulty, Service members and Veterans with normal pure-tone hearing sensitivity who report hearing difficulties and a history of blast exposure may benefit from evaluation for PTSD symptoms. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16674247

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Nelson, Lauri H., Karen Anderson, John Whicker, Tyson Barrett, Karen Muñoz, and Karl White. "Classroom Listening Experiences of Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing Using Listening Inventory For Education–Revised." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 51, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 720–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_lshss-19-00087.

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Purpose This study examined classroom listening experiences reported by students who are deaf or hard of hearing using the Listening Inventory For Education–Revised (LIFE-R). Method Retrospective electronic survey responses from 3,584 school-age participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics to report student perceptions of listening difficulty in various classroom scenarios, including the strategies students used when they did not hear or understand. Stratified data were used to explore potential differences between grades and across degree of hearing loss or type of hearing technology. Results Average student listening appraisal ratings for 15 classroom, school, and social scenarios was 5.7 based on a 10-point Likert scale (0 = difficult , 10 = easy ), highlighting listening difficulties encountered during the school day. This finding can be considered in context with the average rating of 7.2 reported from a previous study of students with typical hearing using the LIFE-R. The greatest difficulties were reported when trying to listen when other students in the class were making noise and in hearing the comments of other classmates. Average listening difficulty was greater for respondents in Grades 3–6 than those in Grades 7–12. Listening difficulty also generally increased relative to degree of hearing loss. When unable to hear, some students took proactive steps to improve their listening access; some reported they did nothing. Conclusions Students who are deaf or hard of hearing can face challenges in hearing and understanding throughout the school day. A functional tool to evaluate and monitor student experiences, such as the LIFE-R, can provide information to make necessary and effective adjustments to classroom instruction and the listening environment.

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Sato, Kiyoko, Tomoko Sugiuchi, Osamu Shiromoto, Shiori Karashima, and Ayumi Negishi. "A study on the hearing difficulty and self-recognition of hearing loss in people with moderate hearing loss." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 62, no. 4 (August 30, 2019): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.62.290.

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Engel-Eldar, Ruth, and Judith Rosenhouse. "Reading Difficulty Characteristics in Dyslexic and Hearing-impaired Students." Educational Psychology 20, no. 4 (December 2000): 459–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443410020016680.

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Mick, Paul, Danielle Foley, Frank Lin, and M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller. "Hearing Difficulty Is Associated With Injuries Requiring Medical Care." Ear and Hearing 39, no. 4 (2018): 631–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aud.0000000000000535.

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Lee, Jun-Hyung, Sang-Soon Park, Jin-Young Ahn, and Jae-Hyeok Heo. "Bilateral Sudden Hearing Difficulty Caused by Bilateral Thalamic Infarction." Journal of Clinical Neurology 13, no. 1 (2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2017.13.1.107.

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Takayanagi, Sumiko, Donald D. Dirks, and Anahita Moshfegh. "Lexical and Talker Effects on Word Recognition Among Native and Non-Native Listeners With Normal and Impaired Hearing." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 45, no. 3 (June 2002): 585–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/047).

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Evidence suggests that word recognition depends on numerous talker-, listener-, and stimulus-related characteristics. The current study examined the effects of talker variability and lexical difficulty on spoken-word recognition among four groups of listeners: native listeners with normal hearing or hearing impairment (moderate sensorineural hearing loss) and non-native listeners with normal hearing or hearing impairment. The ability of listeners to accommodate trial-totrial variations in talkers' voice was assessed by comparing recognition scores for a single-talker condition to those obtained in a multiple-talker condition. Lexical difficulty was assessed by comparing word-recognition performance between lexically ‘easy’ and ‘hard’ words as determined by frequency of occurrence in language and the structural characteristics of similarity neighborhoods formalized in the Neighborhood Activation Model. An up-down adaptive procedure was used to determine the sound pressure level for 50% performance. Non-native listeners in both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired groups required greater intensity for equal intelligibility than the native normal-hearing and hearingimpaired listeners. Results, however, showed significant effects of talker variability and lexical difficulty for the four groups. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that an audibility factor accounts for 2–3 times more variance in performance than does a linguistic-familiarity factor. However, the linguistic-familiarity factor is also essential to the model fit. The results demonstrated effects of talker variability and lexical difficulty on word recognition for both native and nonnative listeners with normal or impaired hearing. The results indicate that linguistic and indexical factors should be considered in the development of speech-recognition tests.

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Musiek, Frank E. "When children have difficulty with vowels." Hearing Journal 55, no. 10 (October 2002): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hj.0000293848.06152.74.

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Shrimal, Yash, and Aparna Nandurkar. "Self-reported hearing status and audiometric thresholds among college students using headphones." Journal of Otolaryngology-ENT Research 13, no. 3 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/joentr.2021.13.00492.

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Purpose: The study aims to investigate headphone listening habits of college-going students and for those using headphones, correlate self-reported hearing status with average audiometric hearing thresholds. Method: Headphone listening habits and awareness of adverse effects of the same was profiled in college-going students using a questionnaire distributed through online platform. Hearing thresholds were then compared for those with and without self-report of hearing difficulty. 341 responses were obtained from students between 17 and 23 years of age. For the second part of the study, a convenience sample of 30 willing students from among these 341 was selected. Pure tone thresholds were obtained for various frequencies with a high frequency audiometer. PTA (average of 500, 1000, 2000 Hz) and HFPTA (average of 4000, 6000, 8000, 10000 Hz) were calculated for both the ears and compared for those with and without reported hearing difficulty. Results: 78% students reported headphone usage for less than 3 hours per day, while 22% reported usage for more than 3 hours per day. 77% respondents were aware that listening to loud sounds can alter hearing sensitivity, but many (54.83%) did not have awareness about the minimum safe hours of listening. There was a weak positive correlation between self-reported hearing difficulty and poor ear HFPTA (r = 0.2304). Conclusion: Majority of students used insert earphones even after knowing the adverse effect of the same. There was a weak correlation found between the self-reported hearing problems and audiometric hearing thresholds. Implication: More awareness is needed about the ill effects of headphone usage amongst the young teenage population. Proper counseling and management strategies are required for people who report difficulty in hearing.

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Takahashi, Gail, Charles D. Martinez, Sharon Beamer, Julie Bridges, Douglas Noffsinger, Karen Sugiura, Gene W. Bratt, and David W. Williams. "Subjective Measures of Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction in the NIDCD/VA Follow-Up Study." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 18, no. 04 (April 2007): 323–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.18.4.6.

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Perceived benefit, satisfaction, and hearing aid use patterns were measured in a follow-up study to a large-scale multi-site clinical trial conducted in 1996–97. Measures included the Hearing Aid Status Questionnaire, the Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit, the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile, the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life, and the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids. On the Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit, hearing aid users indicated more unaided difficulty in easy listening situations and less aided benefit in more difficult listening situations compared to the original study. Subjects who no longer used hearing aids indicated less difficulty in unaided situations. All measures indicated significant long-term subjective benefit and satisfaction with hearing aids. Although understanding speech in noise or in group situations continues to be problematic, subjects reported wearing their hearing aids almost all of the time in both easy and difficult listening situations. Se midió el beneficio y la satisfacción del paciente y los patrones de uso del auxiliar auditivo (AA) en un estudio de seguimiento de un estudio clínico, multicéntrico, a larga escala, conducido en 1996–97. Las mediciones incluyeron el Cuestionario del Estado de Uso del Auxiliar Auditivo, el Perfil de Beneficio del Auxiliar Auditivo, El Perfil de Glasgow de Beneficio del Auxiliar Auditivo, la Prueba de Satisfacción con la Amplificación en la Vida Diaria, y el Inventario Internacional de Resultados de Auxiliares Auditivos. En el Perfil de Beneficio de Auxiliares Auditivos, los usuarios de AA indicaron más dificultad sin amplificación en situaciones fáciles de escucha y menor beneficio con amplificación en situaciones difíciles de escucha, comparado con el estudio original. Los sujetos que no volvieron a usar sus AA indicaron menos dificultad en situaciones no amplificadas. Todas las medidas indicaron una satisfacción y un beneficio subjetivo y significativo a largo plazo, con los AA. Aunque entender el lenguaje en ruido o en situaciones grupales continúa siendo problemático, los sujetos reportaron la utilización de sus AA casi todo el tiempo, tanto en situaciones fáciles como difíciles de escucha.

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Lutman, Mark E., and Gabrielle H. Saunders. "Lack of association between otocoustic emissions and hearing difficulty in subjects with normal hearing thresholds." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 92, no. 2 (August 1992): 1184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.404050.

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Cox, Lindsy, Brittany Ruffo, Julian Laird, Benjamin P. Schade, and Karen H. Larwin. "The effects of hearing deficits on student self-perceptions of social belonging, difficulty at school, and self-image." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v8i2.19632.

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<span>A paucity of research exists that examines how well hearing-impaired students function in the primary and secondary grades when attending a general education setting. The research that does exists to suggest that issues of poor self-perception, challenges regarding a sense of belonging, and self-image may be amplified for the non-hearing student. The current investigation examines the self-reported feelings of the hearing-impaired students relative to the student with no identified hearing difficulties. Results suggest that while social belonging may be a problem for the hearing-impaired students relative to their hearing peers, no differences were found on the responses associate with self-image or trouble at school.</span>

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Nieman, Carrie, and Natalie Regier. "Hearing Loss and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Persons With Dementia at the End of Life." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.747.

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Abstract Access to effective communication is critical to the conversations that occur at end-of-life and represents an unaddressed need within palliative care. These challenges may disproportionately affect persons with dementia (PWD). Hearing loss is one of the most common comorbidities among PWD and is independently associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, relatively little is known about the potential impact of hearing loss on PWD at end-of-life. We examined last month of life (LML) data from 971 proxies of deceased PWD from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (2011-2020). Hearing difficulty was associated with increased anxiety/sadness in PWD, χ2(1)=4.596, p=.032, such that 65.6% of persons with hearing difficulty reported anxiety/sadness in the LML. Binary logistic regression found that hearing difficulty was significantly associated with increased anxiety/sadness (OR=1.40, 95% C.I. 1.00 – 1.80, p < 0.05). Interventions that optimize communication for PWD may be a meaningful approach to improving the end-of-life experience.

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Gaeta, Laura. "Survey of Hearing Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Service Delivery." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 4 (December 9, 2020): 944–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-20-00037.

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Purpose This study aimed to explore older adults' perceptions of their hearing health during the stay-at-home order issued during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A 24-item survey was completed by 150 community-dwelling older adults in the United States. Participants were asked about their self-reported hearing status, use of hearing aids and difficulty wearing masks while wearing hearing aids, relative importance of their hearing health, priority of their hearing health during the COVID-19 pandemic, difficulty communicating with masks, and utilization of telepractice services. Results The majority of participants did not wear hearing aids despite reporting that they had at least a little trouble hearing. Most participants reported that their hearing health was important and indicated that they were likely to visit their audiologist for an in-person or virtual visit during the pandemic. Conclusion Audiologists should consider telepractice or remote service delivery options during and after the COVID-19 pandemic to meet the needs of their patients.

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Milne, Virginia Amy. "Management of Auditory Processing Difficulties Virtually: A Case Study." Seminars in Hearing 42, no. 02 (May 2021): 098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731690.

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AbstractDifficulty hearing in the presence of background noise is a common complaint heard by audiologists. This can be accompanied by additional difficulty in classrooms and other difficult listening situations. This was recently exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shutdowns and the accompanying mask usage and virtual meetings. This article describes one such patient seen during the recent shutdown. This patient reported difficulty hearing during her college coursework for her music performance major. She was an established otology patient with an extensive middle ear history including multiple surgeries. During the shutdown, she virtually consulted with the auditory processing disorders clinic at the recommendation of her otologist to discuss her college-related difficulty and pursue educational accommodations. Challenges and solutions for seeing this patient and other, similar patients virtually are discussed as well as a review of how this patient proceeded and how the knowledge gained from this patient could apply to others with similar concerns.

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Wöllner, Clemens, Emma Halfpenny, Stella Ho, and Kaori Kurosawa. "The Effects of Distracted Inner Hearing on Sight-Reading." Psychology of Music 31, no. 4 (October 2003): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03057356030314003.

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The importance of inner hearing in musical sight-reading was investigated with an interference paradigm. In a repeated measures design, 20 music students sight-sang two melodies, one of those while listening to distracting music. Participants answered aspects of sight-reading ability and strategy in questionnaires and in semi-structured interviews. The number of mistakes in the sung melodies was calculated; in addition, expert listeners rated continuity/fluency and overall quality. Distracted inner hearing only led to significantly worse rating results for overall quality. Nevertheless, participants found inner hearing to be significantly more difficult with distracting music, and the number of mistakes is highly correlated with the experienced difficulty of inner hearing. Possible explanations and implications for further research are discussed.

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Halling, Dan C., and Larry E. Humes. "Factors Affecting the Recognition of Reverberant Speech by Elderly Listeners." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 43, no. 2 (April 2000): 414–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4302.414.

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Elderly listeners have been shown to experience greater difficulty with speech understanding than young listeners. The greater difficulty with speech understanding in elderly listeners has been attributed, primarily, to their typical high-frequency sensorineural hearing impairment. However, not all of the observed difficulty can be accounted for by hearing thresholds, leaving the likelihood of additional suprathreshold processing deficits. This study investigates speech understanding in older people and the relative contributions of hearing threshold and age to speech understanding. Considering that temporal processing is thought to affect speech understanding, the study also assesses the contributions of hearing loss and age to modulation-preservation performance. Finally, individual differences in hearing loss, age, and modulation-preservation performance are examined to see if they are closely associated with individual differences in speech-recognition ability, especially among older listeners. The results of the study suggest that hearing loss is closely tied to both speech-recognition performance and to measures of modulation preservation. Although some of the analyses at first indicated an effect of age, it was shown that this could be attributed in part to slight elevations in hearing threshold. Finally, it was shown that individual differences in hearing loss and measures of modulation preservation and processing efficiency in noise are associated with speech-recognition performance and that, given these measures, speech recognition can be predicted quite accurately.

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Armstrong, Nicole, Camila Vieira Ligo Teixeira, Willa Brenowitz, Bonnielin Swenor, Eleanor Simonsick, Richard Jones, and Colby Gendron. "Association of Dual Sensory Impairment with Incident Mobility and ADL Difficulty." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3465.

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Abstract Hearing and vision impairment are each independently associated with incident mobility disability and disability in activities of daily living (ADL). Whether dual sensory impairment (DSI) in both hearing (pure-tone average >25 dB) and vision (impaired visual acuity and/or impaired contrast sensitivity) is associated with greater risk of incident mobility and ADL difficulty, as compared to single or no sensory impairments, has not been well-studied. To examine these associations, we used data from 2,020 Health Aging and Body Composition Study participants aged 70-79 years without mobility limitations. Incident mobility difficulty was defined as the first instance of a lot of problems or inability to walk ¼ mile and/or climb 10 steps, and incident ADL difficulty was defined as the first instance of problems with any ADL. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted by demographic covariates, diabetes, hypertension, and depressive symptoms were used to model these associations. Approximately 22.7% of the study had DSI. DSI was associated with increased risk of both incident mobility (Hazard Ratio [HR]=2.43, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.60, 3.69) and ADL difficulty (HR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.60, 3.56). Vision impairment only was associated with risk of incident mobility difficulty (HR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.78), but not incident ADL difficulty (HR=1.45, 95% CI: 0.91, 2.32). Hearing impairment only was not associated with risk of either outcome. Synergistic effects of DSI on the additive scale were present. Sex and race did not modify associations. Monitoring of DSI may be beneficial in delaying incident difficulty.

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Shin, Yang Ho, Ho Jin Lee, Deung Rae Kim, and Sin Woo Ko. "A Case of Conductive Hearing Difficulty on Treacher Collins Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 14, no. 2 (November 2003): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.2003.14.2.302.

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Chang, Ji Eun, Barbara E. Weinstein, Joshua Chodosh, Jessica Greene, and Jan Blustein. "Difficulty Hearing Is Associated With Low Levels of Patient Activation." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 67, no. 7 (April 2, 2019): 1423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15833.

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Saccocia, Gwen O., and Joseph C. Toscano. "Effects of self-reported hearing difficulty on intensity discrimination judgments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 145, no. 3 (March 2019): 1878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5101798.

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Thompson, Elaine C., Jennifer Krizman, Travis White-Schwoch, Trent Nicol, Cynthia R. LaBella, and Nina Kraus. "Difficulty hearing in noise: a sequela of concussion in children." Brain Injury 32, no. 6 (March 8, 2018): 763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1447686.

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Zeng, Fan‐Gang, and Christopher W. Turner. "On the difficulty of fricative perception by hearing‐impaired subjects." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 85, S1 (May 1989): S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2026880.

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Ismail, Afzarini H., Kevin J. Munro, Christopher J. Armitage, Antonia Marsden, and Piers D. Dawes. "A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trial of the I-PLAN Intervention to Promote Hearing Aid Use Among First-Time Adult Hearing Aid Users." Trends in Hearing 25 (January 2021): 233121652096947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216520969472.

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Suboptimal hearing aid use negatively impacts health and well-being. The aim of this study was to conduct a controlled trial of a behavior change intervention to promote hearing aid use. This study was a quasi-randomized controlled trial with two arms. A total of 160 first-time hearing aid users were recruited at their hearing aid fitting appointments. The control arm received standard care. In addition to standard care, the intervention arm received I-PLAN, which comprised (a) information about the consequences of hearing aid use/nonuse, (b) reminder prompt to use the hearing aids, and (c) an action plan. The primary outcome, measured at 6 weeks, was self-reported proportion of time the hearing aid was used in situations that caused hearing difficulty. Secondary outcomes were data-logged hearing aid use, self-reported hearing aid benefit, self-regulation, and habit formation. The results showed that the proportion of time the hearing aids were used in situations that caused hearing difficulty was similar in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in any outcome measure including data-logged hearing aid use. The relatively high levels of hearing aid use across research participants may have limited the potential for the intervention to impact on hearing aid use. Although the intervention materials proved acceptable and deliverable, future intervention trials should target suboptimal hearing aid users.

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Smith, Sherri L., Colleen M. Noe, and Genevieve C. Alexander. "Evaluation of the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids in a Veteran Sample." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 20, no. 06 (June 2009): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.20.6.5.

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Background: The International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) was developed as a global hearing aid outcome measure targeting seven outcome domains. The published norms were based on a private-pay sample who were fitted with analog hearing aids. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the IOI-HA and to establish normative data in a veteran sample. Research Design: Survey. Study Sample: The participants were 131 male veterans (mean age of 74.3 years, SD = 7.4) who were issued hearing aids with digital signal processing (DSP). Intervention: Hearing aids with DSP that were fitted bilaterally between 2005 and 2007. Data Collection and Analysis: Veterans were mailed two copies of the IOI-HA. The participants were instructed to complete the first copy of the questionnaire immediately and the second copy in two weeks. The completed questionnaires were mailed to the laboratory. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated. As suggested by Cox and colleagues, the participants were divided into two categories based on their unaided subjective hearing difficulty. The two categories were (1) those with less hearing difficulty (none-to-moderate category) and (2) those who report more hearing difficulty (moderately severe+ category). The norms from the current veteran sample then were compared to the original, published sample. For each hearing difficulty category, the critical difference values were calculated for each item and for the total score. Results: A factor analysis showed that the IOI-HA in the veteran sample had the identical subscale structure as reported in the original sample. For the total scale, the internal consistency was good (Chronbach's α = 0.83), and the test–retest reliability was high (λ = 0.94). Group and individual norms were developed for both hearing difficulty categories in the veteran sample. For each IOI-HA item, the critical difference scores were <1.0. This finding suggests that for any item on the IOI-HA, there is a 95 percent chance that an observed change of one response unit between two test sessions reflects a true change in outcome for a given domain. Conclusions: The results of this study confirmed that the psychometric properties of the IOI-HA questionnaire are strong and are essentially the same for the veteran sample and the original private-pay sample. The veteran norms, however, produced higher outcomes than those established originally, possibly because of differences in the population samples and/or hearing aid technology. Clinical and research applications of the current findings are presented. Based on the results from the current study, the norms established here should replace the original norms for use in veterans with current hearing aid technology.

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Gordon-Salant, Sandra, and Fitzgibbons Peter J. "Sources of Age-Related Recognition Difficulty for Time-Compressed Speech." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 44, no. 4 (August 2001): 709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2001/056).

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Older people frequently show poorer recognition of rapid speech or time-compressed speech than younger listeners. The present investigation sought to determine if the age-related problem in recognition of time-compressed speech could be attributed primarily to a decline in the speed of information processing or to a decline in processing brief acoustic cues. The role of the availability of linguistic cues on recognition performance was examined also. Younger and older listeners with normal hearing and with hearing loss participated in the experiments. Stimuli were sentences, linguistic phrases, and strings of random words that were unmodified in duration or were time compressed with uniform time compression or with selective time compression of consonants, vowels, or pauses. Age effects were observed for recognition of unmodified random words, but not for sentences and linguistic phrases. Analysis of difference scores (unmodified speech versus time-compressed speech) showed age effects for time-compressed sentences and phrases. The forms of time compression that were notably difficult for older listeners were uniform time compression and selective time compression of consonants. Indeed, poor performance in recognizing uniformly time-compressed speech was attributed primarily to difficulty in recognizing speech that incorporated selective time compression of consonants. Hearing loss effects were observed also for most of the listening conditions, although these effects were independent of the aging effects. In general, the findings support the notion that the problems of older listeners in recognizing time-compressed speech are associated with difficulty in processing the brief, limited acoustic cues for consonants that are inherent in rapid speech.

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Williams, Nicole, Dawn M. Guthrie, Jacob G. S. Davidson, Kathryn Fisher, and Lauren E. Griffith. "A Deterioration in Hearing Is Associated With Functional and Cognitive Impairments, Difficulty With Communication, and Greater Health Instability." Journal of Applied Gerontology 39, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464818755312.

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Objectives: To examine the relationship between hearing deterioration and several health-related outcomes among home care clients in Ontario. Design: Longitudinal analysis was completed for clients with at least two comprehensive assessments. Hearing status, based on a single item, ranged from zero (no impairment) to three (highly impaired). Hearing deterioration was defined as at least a 1-point decline between subsequent assessments. Results: Seven percent experienced a 1-point deterioration in hearing and roughly 1% had a 2/3-point decline. After adjusting for other covariates, increasing age (odds ratio = 1.94; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = [1.45, 2.61]) and a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (1.37; CI = [1.04, 1.80]) and other dementias (1.32; CI = [1.07, 1.63]) increased the risk of a 2/3-point deterioration. Conclusion: These findings can assist home care professionals and policy makers in creating and refining interventions to meet the needs of older adults with hearing difficulties.

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Willink, Amber. "Understanding Medicare With Hearing Loss." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 797–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2891.

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Abstract Medicare has become an increasingly complex program to navigate with numerous choices available to beneficiaries with important implications on their financial exposure and access to care. While research has identified poor health literacy as a barrier to understanding Medicare, little information is available on the experience of individuals with hearing loss. Using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (2016), a nationally-representative sample of 10,841 beneficiaries, we examined if difficulty understanding Medicare was associated with reported trouble hearing, while controlling for socio-demographic and health literacy factors. Compared to no trouble, Medicare beneficiaries with a little or a lot of trouble hearing had 44% (95% CI OR:1.34-1.55) and 63% (95% CI OR: 1.44-1.83) increased odds of reporting greater difficulty with understanding Medicare. The existing tools to support Medicare beneficiaries understand and navigate the program must evolve to meet the needs of those with hearing loss- a highly prevalent condition among Medicare beneficiaries.

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Atkinson, Taylor, and Ross Andel. "OBJECTIVE HEARING, SUBJECTIVE HEARING, AND PHONE-BASED MEMORY TESTING." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2060.

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Abstract Hearing impairment may make responding to phone-based memory tests difficult. Words with fricative consonants may pose particular difficulty, as telephones exclude high-frequency sounds necessary for their intelligibility. We hypothesized that recall would be impacted by hearing ability and word type (fricative vs. non-fricative) in a phone-based word list task.Participants (N=1,352, mean age=69.1) in the 2016 and 2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study completed a phone-based word list recall task evenly split (5 each) between fricative and nonfricative words. Hearing was measured objectively (OH) and subjectively (SH), and each were dichotomized into ‘good’ and ‘poor’ hearing. Covariates included age, sex, race, education, depression, a subjective health rating, and functional limitations. Separate mixed-design ANCOVAs were used for OH and SH, where word type recall was within-subject, and hearing ability was between-subject. For OH, there was a main effect of word type (F(1,1341)=5.67, p=.02) and hearing ability (F(1, 1341)=87.76, p<.001) but no interaction (p>.05). Participants recalled 0.35 fewer fricative words than nonfricative words, and participants with poor OH recalled 0.12 fewer words on average (ps<.001). For SH, there was still a main effect of word type (F(1,1341)=5.39, p =.02), but no effect of hearing ability (p>.05). OH and SH classifications had low agreement (Kappa=.22, p<.001). Hearing ability and word acoustic properties can affect word recall in phone-based tests. Objective hearing tests are important, as subjective ratings do not necessarily agree. Researchers should be careful when constructing telephone-based cognitive tests in order to avoid memory impairment misestimation.

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Rosińska-Mamej, Agnieszka. "Komunikacja według innych miar szyta… Porozumiewanie się z seniorami w opinii ludzi młodych." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza 26, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsj.2019.26.2.14.

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The article presents obstacles (barriers) indicated by young people that make communication with seniors difficult. The author discusses selected cognitive phenomena (e.g. cognitive disharmony, features of the senile mentality) and some problems concerning language and communication (e.g. indistinct articulation) as well as seniors’ hearing difficulty, all contributing to the deterioration of message reception.

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González-Cuenca, Antonia, and María José Linero. "Lies and Irony Understanding in Deaf and Hearing Adolescents." Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 25, no. 4 (June 1, 2020): 517–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enaa014.

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Abstract Lies and irony are paradigmatic examples of nonliteral communication; many deaf children and even adults have difficulty in understanding them. The present study assessed the understanding of lies and irony in 96 adolescents living in Spain in urban settings (58 deaf participants, 38 hearing participants; 10–19 years old). We investigated whether deaf and hearing participants differ in their performance, and the effects of age, theory of mind (ToM), and language on the understanding of these nonliteral meanings in deaf participants. The results show that deaf participants do not find it difficult to detect nonliteral statements, but they experience difficulty in attributing the real motivation to the speaker. ToM and language explained performance in the understanding of nonliteral communication in the deaf group. The results suggest the need to focus on promoting the ability to attribute real motivations to speakers. We propose an assessment sequence that differs from those used in other studies. In the proposed sequence, ToM skills would be combined with other skills that influence the understanding of lies and irony and would be sequenced according to the observed performance in deaf adolescents.

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Cheung, Steven W., Craig A. Atencio, Eliott R. J. Levy, Robert C. Froemke, and Christoph E. Schreiner. "Anisomorphic cortical reorganization in asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss." Journal of Neurophysiology 118, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 932–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00119.2017.

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Mild-to-moderate hearing loss in one ear and essentially normal hearing in the other triggers cortical reorganization that is different in the two hemispheres. Asymmetry of cochlea sensitivities does not simply propagate to the two auditory cortices in mirror-image fashion. The resulting anisomorphic cortical reorganization may be a neurophysiological basis of clinical deficits in asymmetric hearing loss, such as difficulty with hearing in noise, impaired spatial hearing, and accelerated decline of the poorer ear.

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Su, Brooke M., Jason S. Park, and Dylan K. Chan. "Impact of Primary Language and Insurance on Pediatric Hearing Health Care in a Multidisciplinary Clinic." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 157, no. 4 (September 12, 2017): 722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599817725695.

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Objective This study aims to describe the effects of primary language and insurance status on care utilization among deaf or hard-of-hearing children under active otolaryngologic and audiologic care. Study Design Cross-sectional analysis. Setting Multidisciplinary hearing loss clinic at a tertiary center. Subjects and Methods Demographics, hearing loss data, and validated survey responses were collected from 206 patients aged 0 to 19 years. Two-sided t tests and χ2 tests were used to obtain descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing. Results Of the sample, 52.4% spoke primarily English at home. Non-English-speaking children and families were less likely to receive psychiatric counseling (12.2% vs 35.2% in the English group, P < .001) and reported more difficulty obtaining educational interventions ( P = .016), and 68.9% had public insurance. Parents of publicly insured children were less likely to know the type or degree of their child’s hearing loss (56.9% vs 75.4%, P = .022), and these children were older on presentation to the clinic (8.5 vs 6.5 years of age, P = .01) compared to privately insured children. Publicly insured children were less likely to receive cochlear implants ( P = .046) and reported increased difficulty obtaining hearing aids ( P = .047). While all patients reported impairment in hearing-related quality of life, publicly insured children aged 2 to 7 years were more likely to perform below minimum thresholds on measures of auditory/oral functioning. Conclusion Even when under active care, deaf or hard-of-hearing children from families who do not speak English at home or with public insurance face more difficulty obtaining educational services, cochlear implants, and hearing aids. These findings represent significant disparities in access to necessary interventions.

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Humes, Larry E., Kathleen J. Nelson, and David B. Pisoni. "Recognition of Synthetic Speech by Hearing-Impaired Elderly Listeners." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 5 (October 1991): 1180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3405.1180.

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The Modified Rhyme Test (MRT), recorded using natural speech and two forms of synthetic speech, DECtalk and Votrax, was used to measure both open-set and closed-set speech-recognition performance. Performance of hearing-impaired elderly listeners was compared to two groups of young normal-hearing adults, one listening in quiet, and the other listening in a background of spectrally shaped noise designed to simulate the peripheral hearing loss of the elderly. Votrax synthetic speech yielded significant decrements in speech recognition compared to either natural or DECtalk synthetic speech for all three subject groups. There were no differences in performance between natural speech and DECtalk speech for the elderly hearing-impaired listeners or the young listeners with simulated hearing loss. The normal-hearing young adults listening in quiet out-performed both of the other groups, but there were no differences in performance between the young listeners with simulated hearing loss and the elderly hearing-impaired listeners. When the closed-set identification of synthetic speech was compared to its open-set recognition, the hearing-impaired elderly gained as much from the reduction in stimulus/response uncertainty as the two younger groups. Finally, among the elderly hearing-impaired listeners, speech-recognition performance was correlated negatively with hearing sensitivity, but scores were correlated positively among the different talker conditions. Those listeners with the greatest hearing loss had the most difficulty understanding speech and those having the most trouble understanding natural speech also had the greatest difficulty with synthetic speech.

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Okano, Yumi, and Eiko Hirota. "A study on the hearing difficulty and process of disorder recognition in cases with unilateral hearing loss." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 58, no. 6 (2015): 648–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.58.648.

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Okamoto, Mitsuharu, Noriyuki Nakanishi, and Kozo Tatara. "Self-reported hearing difficulty and hearing Okamoto/Nakanishi/Tatara impairment in Japanese people living in a community." International Journal of Audiology 43, no. 1 (January 2004): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14992020400050008.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hearing difficulty'

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