Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Healthy Buildings'
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FOLEY, BRENT T. "CREATING HEALTHY BUILDINGS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1083042438.
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Fung, Kar-lai Carrie, and 馮嘉麗. "The concept of healthy buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254548.
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Abaza, Hussein Fuad. "Moisture behavior in buildings : an integrated design and control strategy for energy efficient and healthy buildings /." Saarbrücken : VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3057515&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Novák, Petr. "Architektura pasivních domů na venkově." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233267.
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This thesis examines the possibility of passive house standard construction of public buildings in the countryside of the Czech Republic, the possibility of application of natural materials in their construction and in the end set of architectural principles for their design. Examines the situation of expansion of this type of buildings in the surrounding countries as well as in our country, differences in their architectural and technical characteristics and possibilities of natural materials use in their construction so that the newly proposed public buildings meet not only the technical and architectural design principles of passive houses, but at the same time reflect using of traditional local natural materials.
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Rumley, Nancy A. "Theraplay : building healthy attachments." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/734.
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Chu, Suk-ling, and 朱淑玲. "Impact of indoor air pathogens on human health." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253362.
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MacNaughton, Piers. "Green Buildings and Health." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:32644538.
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40 years of public health research on buildings has identified the indoor environmental drivers of health and productivity. Concurrently, increased environmental awareness spurred the green building movement with the goal of encouraging more sustainable buildings. The question remains as to whether green buildings are also healthy buildings.
The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the impact of green buildings on health and cognitive function in both laboratory and real-world settings, and furthermore quantify these impacts in comparison to the potential environmental and economic costs. First, 24 participants spent 6 work days in a controlled office environment. On different days, they were exposed to conditions representative of Conventional (high volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration), Green (low VOC concentration), and Green+ (low VOC concentration and increased ventilation) office buildings. Additional conditions tested artificially elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. On average, cognitive scores were 61% higher on the Green building day and 101% higher on the Green+ building days than on the Conventional building day (p<0.0001). VOCs and CO2 were independently associated with cognitive scores.
Second, based on the finding of improved cognitive scores in buildings with enhanced ventilation, the productivity benefits were compared to the environmental and economic costs of doubling ventilation rates. The costs were less than $40 per person per year in all climate zones investigated, while the benefits in terms of productivity exceeded $6,500 per person per year. The environmental impacts could be mitigated through the implementation of energy recovery ventilators (ERVs).
Lastly, we conducted building assessments of 10 high-performing buildings (i.e. buildings surpassing the ASHRAE 62.1-2010 ventilation requirement and with low VOC concentrations) in 5 cities around the U.S. while tracking the health and productivity of office workers in those buildings. Even among high-performing buildings, workers in green certified buildings scored 26.4% higher on cognitive function tests than those in non-certified buildings. Sleep Quality scores were 6.4% higher in green certified buildings, suggesting an impact of the building on sleep quality.
We show significant benefits to cognitive function and health in green buildings through multiple experimental approaches, driven by factors consistent with the public health literature.
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Allen, Kristiann. "Negotiating health : the meanings and implications of "building a healthy community" in Igloolik, Nunavut." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0030/MQ64124.pdf.
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Nordstrand, Lina. "Health and wellbeing in Swedish office buildings : A study on WELL Building Standard, Swedish legislation and Miljöbyggnad." Thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207190.
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Environmental certification systems has, apart from improving the environment, contributed to buildings with a better indoor air quality. The realization of this has led to the next focus in the built environment, building for occupant health and wellbeing. It is recognized that if buildings are designed with the occupant health and wellbeing at center, it increases employee productivity and reduce absenteeism, which in turn yields economic benefits for a business. This thesis project is set out to investigate how building for occupant health and wellbeing can be done in Swedish office buildings. The project is partly based on the relatively new WELL Building Standard, a tool for certifying, measuring and monitoring the functions of a building in terms of health and wellbeing. The largest part of the project is the analysis, where WELL Building Standard is compared to Swedish legislation as well as the Swedish environmental certification system Miljöbyggnad. A literature study is also included in order to see how the health situation looks like in Sweden, and what aspects are the most important to highlight in the scope of this thesis. The thesis project is a pilot study of the health and wellbeing in Swedish offices and it shows that Swedish legislation includes a large number of issues set forth in WELL Building Standard. In some cases, Swedish legislation goes quite a bit further than WELL and in some cases Swedish projects can gather inspiration from WELL in order to build even healthier. Miljöbyggnad also fulfills some of the subjects presented in WELL. As WELL Building Standard is a very extensive system, not all parts of it could be included in the analysis of this project. There are a lot of further research that needs to be conducted before drawing too general conclusions on how Swedish projects perform on the aspects of health and wellbeing. Generally, WELL is a useful system if a project intends to be as healthy as can be, even though the project does not use it to be certified. The system provides the building owners with arguments they can use to communicate how the building may benefit health and wellbeing to the tenants, as WELL puts the human at center rather than the building.Miljöcertifieringar har, utöver att bidra till en bättre miljö, bidragit till att byggnader fått bättre inomhusklimat. Upptäckten av detta har lett till nästa fokus i den byggda miljön, att bygga hälsosamt för människorna som lever i byggnaden. Det är erkänt att om byggnader är planerade och byggda med människornas hälsa och välmående i fokus så ökar de anställdas produktivitet och frånvaron minskar, vilket i sin tur bidrar med ekonomiska fördelar för företag. Målet med denna masteruppsats är att undersöka hur svenska kontorsbyggnader kan planeras och byggas med hälsa och välmående i fokus. Projektet är delvis baserat på det amerikanska systemet WELL Building Standard, som är relativt ny på den svenska marknaden. Det är ett system för certifiering, mätning och övervakning av en byggnads funktioner inom områdena hälsa och välmående. Den största delen av uppsatsen utgörs av analysen, där WELL jämförs med svensk lagstiftning samt det svenska miljöcertifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad. En litteraturstudie är också inkluderad för att undersöka hur hälsoläget ser ut i Sverige och vilka aspekter av hälsa och välmående som är viktigast att betona inom omfattningen av detta projekt. Projektet är en pilotstudie om hälsa och välmående i svenska kontorsbyggnader och den visar att svensk lagstiftning innehåller ett stort antal frågor som presenteras i WELL Building Standard. I några fall så går den svenska lagstiftningen steget längre än kraven i WELL och i vissa fall så finns inspiration att hämta från standarden för svenska projekt som vill bygga mer hälsosamt. Miljöbyggnad uppfyller också en del krav som presenteras i WELL. WELL Building Standard är ett väldigt omfattande system, och därför kunde inte alla delar ur systemet inkluderas i analysen i detta projekt. Det är en del framtida forskning som krävs innan alltför generella slutsatser kan dras om hur svenska projekt presterar i fråga om hälsa och välmående. Generellt så är WELL ett bra system att använda om ett projekt siktar på att bli så hälsosamt som möjligt, även om projektet inte använder systemet för certifiering. Systemet ger byggnadens ägare argument de kan använda för att kommunicera hur byggnaden bidrar till hälsa och välmående till och för hyresgästerna, eftersom WELL sätter människan i centrum istället för byggnaden.
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Polishchuk, T. V., and M. V. Gubko. "Building a healthy lifestyle of students." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61231.
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Introduction: «Students – are the future of the country», - this phrase says, that students are a part of the population that gains higher education, which gives them an opportunity to take part in economical, political and social life of the country. So it's important to make young people healthy, because after graduation they will become a basis of society, of which the development of the country will be dependent.
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Cawthorne, Douglas. "Daylighting and occupant health in buildings." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390261.
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Sze, Kin Wai. "Structural health monitoring and damage assessment based on proper orthogonal decomposition /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202004%20SZE.
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Purves, Andrew Geoffrey. "The design of primary health care buildings." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501068.
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A study to consider the influence of architectural design on the relationship between doctor and patient and how this has changed over the ages: an examination of how political, financial and social factors have modified this relationship and the importance of understanding the design ethos expected in a building. The study is illustrated with examples of modern medical buildings.
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Cheung, King-chung Alex. "Assessing and explaining the health and hygiene performance of apartment buildings." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36723812.
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Kuok, Sin Chi. "Ambient effects on structural health monitoring of buildings." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2099636.
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Wong, Yat-hang Felix. "Sustainable construction and health : developing a quantitative assessment tool /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43085271.
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Stefan, Silviu Nicolae. "Develop healthy building infrastructure for KTH LIVE-IN-LAB." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217121.
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The following master thesis is conducted on behalf of The Royal Institute ofTechnology and KTH Live-in Lab with the purpose of proposing a healthybuilding infrastructure for the KTH Live-in Lab. The Lab will serve as atestbed for products and services that can be tested and veried within anoptimal space that can simulate a real life usage of the tested products or services.Since the KTH Live-in Lab proposes to create a smart environment inorder to fulll its goal, this thesis proposes to design a system that measuresthe key factors that inuence the user's health while living in the building.The problem that this thesis is solving is that of understanding the relevantmetrics that aect the person living in the building, then identify andplace the sensors that can measure the health metrics and nally encapsulatethe result in a WSN, paying close attention to the topology and the communicationprotocols used, capable of monitoring and collecting all the relevantdata for further use.The most dicult part of the thesis is translating the health parametersinto the optimal quantiable metrics so that a developed system couldbecome a feasible solution for a home automation. The attempted way ofsolving this problem is through literature review of health studies in order tounderstand which are the quintessential parameters that should be measured.The system considers dierent health factors from 9 dierent domainsVentilation, Air Quality, Thermal Comfort, Moisture, Dust and Pests, Safetyand Security, Water Quality, Noise and Lighting and Views. Each of thesedomains will be analyzed and the best metrics for monitoring will be selected.The solution will be tailored on the KTH Live-in Lab as the sensor placementis done on the schematic of the Housing Design, of the Fall Semester 2017.In order to choose the optimal way to implement the wireless sensor network,several topologies and communication protocols are compared, the chosen onebeing ZigBee as protocol while the topology was separated in how sensorsare organized in every room which will be a mesh topology and how they areorganized in the whole building for which the chosen topology is the Two-tierhierarchical cluster topology. The system also proposes a security encryptionalgorithm for data protection and a way to evaluate the system based on thestandard of the WELL Building Institute.Future work will consist in implementing all the features that are designedin this paper while nding the perfect trade-o between the cost andtechnology accuracy when this project will be scaled for a whole apartmentbuilding.As a conclusion, there are certain variations that one can follow whenimplementing the designed system as the implementation will be a trade-obetween the quality of the equipment used which translates into the accuracyof the measurements and the nancial and social constraints. This thesisproposes a set of core elements that cannot be replaced in monitoring andalso provides approximations for other less common metrics.Foljande masteravhandling har utfardats pa uppdrag av The Royal Instituteof Tecnology och KTH Live-in Lab med syftet att foresla en halsosambyggnadsinfrastruktur for KTH Live-in Lab. Labbet kommer att fungerasom en testbadd for produkter och tjanster som kan testas och verierasinom ett optimalt utrymme som kan simuleras till en verklig situation foranvandandet av de testade produkterna eller tjansterna. Eftersom att KTHLive-in Lab foreslar att skapa en smart miljo for att uppfylla sitt mal, foreslardenna avhandling att man designar ett system som mater huvudfaktorernasom paverkar anvandarens halsa under den tid som anvandaren vistas i byggnaden.Det problem som denna avhandling amnar losa ar att skapa en forstaelsefor de relevanta matvarden som paverkar den person som bor i byggnadenoch darefter identiera och placera de sensorer som kan mata halsomatvardenoch slutligen sammanfatta resultatet i en Tradlost sensornatverk, men ocksaagna stor uppmarksamhet till topologin och kommunikationsprotokollen somanvants, som ar kapabla att monitorera och samla all relevant data for vidareanvandning.Det svaraste med denna avhandling ar att oversatta halsoparametrarnatill optimala kvantierbara matvarden sa att ett utvecklat system kan bli engenomforbar losning for en hemautomatisering. Tillvagagangssattet for attlosa detta problem ar genom att granska litteratur om halsostudier for attforsta vilka parametrar som ar vasentliga och som bor matas.Systemet tar hansyn till olika halsofaktorer fran 9 olika domaner; Ventilation,Luftkvalitet, Temperaturkomfort, Fukt, Damm, Sakerhet, Vattenkvalitet,Ljud och Ljus och Syn. Var och en av dessa domaner kommer att analyserasoch de basta matvardena for monitorering kommer att bli utvalda. Losningenkommer att skraddarsys pa KTH Live-in Lab medan sensorplaceringen arutfardad pa schematik av husets design, hostterminen 2017. For att kunnavalja det mest optimala sattet att implementera det tradlosa sensornatverkethar era topologier och kommunikationsprotokoll jamforts. Genom att goradetta har ZigBee valts som kommunikationsprotokoll medan topologin hardelats upp i hur sensorer ar organiserade i varje rum, vilket kommer att varaen "mesh"-topologi, och hur de ar organiserade i hela byggnaden och darav arden valda topologin"Two-tier hierarchial cluster topology". Systemet foreslarocksa en sakerhetskrypteringsalgoritm som dataskydd och som ett satt attutvardera systemen som ar baserade pa standarden av "the WELL BulidingInsitute".Framtida arbete kommer att innefatta implementering av alla funktionersom ar designade i denna avhandling medan det perfekta utbytet mellankostnad och teknologiprecision hittas da detta projekt kommer att skalas foren hel lagenhetsbyggnad.Som slutsats, nns vissa variationer som en kan folja vid implementeringav det designade systemet da implementationen kommer att vara ett utbytemellan kvalitet av utrustningen som anvands som oversatts i noggrannhetav matningar och nansiella och sociala begransningar. Denna avhandlingforeslar ett set av karnelement som inte kan bytas ut i monitorering och somocksa bistar med approximationer for andra mindre vanliga matvarden.
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Pentaris, Fragkiskos. "Digital signal processing for structural health monitoring of buildings." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10560.
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Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems is a relatively new discipline, studying the structural condition of buildings and other constructions. Current SHM systems are either wired or wireless, with a relatively high cost and low accuracy. This thesis exploits a blend of digital signal processing methodologies, for structural health monitoring (SHM) and develops a wireless SHM system in order to provide a low cost implementation yet reliable and robust. Existing technologies of wired and wireless sensor network platforms with high sensitivity accelerometers are combined, in order to create a system for monitoring the structural characteristics of buildings very economically and functionally, so that it can be easily implemented at low cost in buildings. Well-known and established statistical time series methods are applied to SHM data collected from real concrete structures subjected to earthquake excitation and their strong and weak points are investigated. The necessity to combine parametric and non-parametric approaches is justified and to this direction novel and improved digital signal processing techniques and indexes are applied to vibration data recordings, in order to eliminate noise and reveal structural properties and characteristics of the buildings under study, that deteriorate due to environmental, seismic or anthropogenic impact. A characteristic and potential harming specific case study is presented, where consequences to structures due to a strong earthquake of magnitude 6.4 M are investigated. Furthermore, is introduced a seismic influence profile of the buildings under study related to the seismic sources that exist in the broad region of study.
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Shorthouse, Edward. "Climate change and buildings : the impact on human health." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21077.
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The health risks posed by hot weather are growing as increasingly frequent extreme weather is brought about by climate change. People spend upwards of 80% of time indoors and so human health is largely dependent on the internal environment of buildings. In the building industry engineers currently design buildings for high-energy performance by maximising heat retention, and whilst this may be effective in cold winters, it can lead to unbearable indoor conditions in hot summers. Thermal comfort inside buildings is a well-discussed topic both in industry and academia, but absolute peak thresholds, especially for heat stress still require development. In this thesis the outcomes of research into the effects of current and future hot weather on the heat stress of occupants inside buildings are presented. Hot weather data from the current climate and mortality rates are compared and several temperature metrics are analysed with respect to health risk forecasting performance, so that peak threshold limits for human health indoors are established for the building design industry. Reference weather data used in building simulations for health assessment is currently chosen based on air temperature alone. In this thesis new reference weather data is created for near-extreme and extreme weather and for current and future climates, based on the peak threshold metric research and future weather analysis. By 2050 hot weather reference years currently occurring once every seven years could become an annual occurrence, and by 2080 extreme hot weather reference years currently occurring once in twenty-one years could become an annual occurrence. Computational fluid dynamics is then used to simulate the internal heat stress inside a building model, and a surrogate model is created to emulate heat stress levels for full calendar years of future climates for several UK locations. It is envisaged that the results presented in this thesis will help inform the industry development of new reference data and aid better building design.
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Riley, Marie Danielle Melinda Mylo. "Building collaborative partnerships in primary health care." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44214.
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Collaboration is an increasingly adopted strategy for addressing many of society's most complex and pressing public challenges. The General Practice Services Committee’s Divisions of Family Practice initiative offers a rich example of collaborative partnerships in action within the context of the primary health care system of British Columbia. Divisions of Family Practice are community-based nonprofit organizations consisting of family physician members. Division members work in partnership with health authority administrators and other community organization representatives with the goal of working at local and regional levels, through collaborative processes, to co-design locally feasible solutions for better delivery of primary health care services leading to improved provider and patient satisfaction. The research focuses on the question, “How can Divisions create and sustain effective collaborative practices”? This question is explored through a practitioner inquiry. The inquiry includes: a description of the General Practice Services Committee and the Divisions of Family Practice initiative; a review of the relevant literature; observations and reflections on the experience of collaborative process within the Divisions initiative from my perspective as an administrator supporting the initiative; and concludes by suggesting that further study in the areas of initiative sustainability, inclusive patient involvement, and a more culturally diverse leadership would be beneficial. The findings of the inquiry support the notion that educating about the processes of collaboration, the inherent obstacles and challenges, and the role of the behaviours of the participants, are instrumental in supporting effective collaborative partnerships. The inquiry has informed the second part of thesis, a participation guide and process handbook designed to share a model, processes and tools to foster the collaborative work of the Divisions and their partners.
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Wirth, Amber Leigh. "Healthy Building, People, Planet: A Place for Learning and Play." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30955.
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This Thesis attempts to question how the built environment affects public and planet health. I am particularly concerned with childhood obesity and how it is related to the affordability of neighborhoods, accessibility to public parks, availability of healthy food, and accountability for sustainability within our cities and suburbs. The architectural design proposal is an Elementary School, in Old Town Alexandria, that promotes learning through activity and play, is a living laboratory for environmental stewardship, and fosters a strong sense of community.Master of Architecture
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Peterschmidt, Max. "Cureating: Building Healthy Eating Habits with Design, Psychology, and Economics." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367944842.
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Gremu, Chikumbutso David. "Building an E-health system for health awareness campaigns in poor areas." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017930.
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Appropriate e-services as well as revenue generation capabilities are key to the deployment and the sustainability for ICT installations in poor areas, particularly common in developing country. The area of e-Health is a promising area for e-services that are both important to the population in those areas and potentially of direct interest to National Health Organizations, which already spend money for Health campaigns there. This thesis focuses on the design, implementation, and full functional testing of HealthAware, an application that allows health organization to set up targeted awareness campaigns for poor areas. Requirements for such application are very specific, starting from the fact that the preparation of the campaign and its execution/consumption happen in two different environments from a technological and social point of view. Part of the research work done for this thesis was to make the above requirements explicit and then use them in the design. This phase of the research was facilitated by the fact that the thesis' work was executed within the context of the Siyakhula Living Lab (SLL; www.siyakhulaLL.org), which has accumulated multi-year experience of ICT deployment in such areas. As a result of the found requirements, HealthAware comprises two components, which are web-based, Java applications that run in a peer-to-peer fashion. The first component, the Dashboard, is used to create, manage, and publish information for conducting awareness campaigns or surveys. The second component, HealthMessenger, facilitates users' access to the campaigns or surveys that were created using the Dashboard. The HealthMessenger was designed to be hosted on TeleWeaver while the Dashboard is hosted independently of TeleWeaver and simply communicates with the HealthMessenger through webservices. TeleWeaver is an application integration platform developed within the SLL to host software applications for poor areas. Using a core service of TeleWeaver, the profile service, where all the users' defining elements are contained, campaigns and surveys can be easily and effectively targeted, for example to match specific demographics or geographic locations. Revenue generation is attained via the logging of the interactions of the target users in the communities with the applications in TeleWeaver, from which billing data is generated according to the specific contractual agreements with the National Health Organization. From a general point of view, HealthAware contributes to the concrete realizations of a bidirectional access channel between Health Organizations and users in poor communities, which not only allows the communication of appropriate content in both directions, but get 'monetized' and in so doing becomes a revenue generator.
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Bjurnemark, Stark Inger. "Sustainable buildings with a health perspective - a qualitative interview study." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26518.
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When buildings are constructed and renovated today, environmental aspects aremost often taken into consideration. There might, however, not always be aclearly expressed health perspective. This study explores the obstacles andopportunities to initiating a clearer health perspective in the construction and realestate branches. A qualitative method was used, consisting of semi-structuredinterviews with ten agents from the construction and real estate branches in theprivate and municipal sectors. The analysis was performed by the use oforganisational theory. The results show that different financial incentives such as“ROT-deductions” are the ones most discussed when it comes to attaining aclearer health perspective into the sustainability work of the branches.Suggestions for improvement in the legislative area were for example aboutspecifying threshold values for certain substances in the indoor environment, andabout improving policy for how chemical products are to be declared. Differentclassification systems for healthy buildings could also be of use, if coordinated tobe better understood. Also the need to discuss ethics, morality and “attitude” inthe branches was brought up. The need to use health economic measures to beable to make comparisons to other societal costs was also emphasized.
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Li, Xiwei. "Dust problems in animal buildings." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239057.
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Weintraub, P. "Leadership of health innovation : building an innovative health organisation (a mixed-methods study)." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2018. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4648170/.
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This thesis explores leadership styles associated with innovation in the National Health Service in England, drawing on a review of leadership theories and concepts, and comparing what is found with an organisation in the United States recognised as a high performer in this area. Although leadership has been studied extensively, most research has focused on the political and military spheres. More recent work has also examined the role of leadership in sectors such as manufacturing and technology, both areas where it is essential to encourage and nurture innovation. Yet, in the health sector, where innovation is now high on the health policy agenda in many countries, there is a paucity of research on how leadership can foster a culture of innovation. It cannot be assumed that leadership theories and concepts developed in other sectors will automatically apply to the health sector, given its many complexities and specificities, including multiple and sometimes competing objectives, such as the need to match technological advances with cost containment. Moreover, these objectives may vary in different settings, reflecting the contextual embeddedness of health systems. This research asks what leadership styles have been adopted by those working at senior leadership and management levels in organisations created to support innovation within the NHS in England. To place these findings in a broader context, these findings will be compared with those obtained from a leading health sector organisation identified as a global leader in innovation that served as the US Pilot Study for this research. It will relate these findings to theory and previous empirical research on leadership for innovation while exploring the application of these findings to the health sector. The research uses a mixed method approach, commencing with a review of the literature to identify leadership styles and critical appraisal of evidence associating different styles with the extent and nature of innovation, which in turn has informed development of an instrument to be used in a survey (quantitative element) of those in leadership roles. The instrument draws extensively on that used by Handy (1996) to assess organisational culture. The survey questions are linked to leadership theories and concepts identified in the literature review and seek to identify the leadership styles adopted in the organisations studied. The findings inform the qualitative phase of the study, in which interviews with key informants are used to interpret and understand the quantitative results. The study findings have been used to generate a ‘Leadership Framework’ for assessing leadership styles in organisations seeking to foster innovation in the NHS. This is based upon the leadership styles described in the literature and leadership theories and concepts driving health innovation and to a minor extent to those adopted in a successful innovator in the United States health sector. The research concludes by offering contextually appropriate recommendations based on theory and empirical evidence.
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Cheung, King-chung Alex, and 張勁松. "Assessing and explaining the health and hygiene performance of apartment buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36723812.
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Williams, Stacey L., and Emma G. Fredrick. "Minority Stress & LGBT Mental and Physical Health: Building Interventions & Resources." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8080.
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Preece, Alun David. "Comparative approaches to building expert systems for health care." Thesis, Swansea University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277502.
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Machado, Eduardo Filipe Calado e. "Primary and hospitalar health care: Building a happy marriage." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9862.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsWe address the potential integration of the Hospital Dr. Fernando Fonseca E.P.E. with the Primary Care Units in its geographical coverage area in a Local Health Unit. We apply semi-structured interviews in order to understand how to best implement this model of local organization in the referred case. We classify the interviews of each unit according to pre-determined criteria and suggest measures to be implemented. Results demonstrate that the hospital is more able to promptly assume a change process towards the new organizational model when compared to the primary care units. Moreover, we reached the conclusion that the achievement of the expected benefits to the whole depends heavily on local characteristics and implementation process. There is the need to invest in key elements such as the maintenance and renewal of infrastructures and in a common information system. Albeit these investments do not assure the achievement of the benefits of an integrated management system per se, they are essential in the process of constructing an unique entity.
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Transue, Samuel D. "Are building design rating systems effective towards the goal of sustainability in the design and construction of public and private buildings and how will new energy performance and sustainable design requirements affect the professional liability of building design professionals?" Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/524.
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The following paper will explore the future of sustainable building practices as it relates to building design rating systems and whether building design rating systems are effective in conserving energy and resources in the construction of new buildings. This paper will begin by highlighting some of the general principles behind sustainable design practices, and the challenges of determining if building design rating systems are utilized effectively towards the goal of sustainability. In addition, the paper will highlight issues specific to ongoing litigation in Gifford v. U.S. Green Building Council and allegations made within the lawsuit that question the methodology and efficacy of building design rating systems. How political and ideological influences have propelled sustainability practices into the mainstream, and to what extent government is and should be involved in regulating building design rating systems will also be explored. Lastly, how will new energy performance and sustainable design methodologies, which are now being required in the law, affect the professional liability of building design professionals in the future?B.A. and B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
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Crews, Joseph MacNeal. "The planning and design of mental health treatment centres." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 1999. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/8730/.
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This research thesis was developed as a planning and design reference for mental health treatment centres. This text is intended to assist planners, designers, and health practitioners to optimize patient health and comfort by providing suitable environments to facilitate care and treatment. This thesis examines and provides guidance on security issues, environmental design, the cognitive environment, and site development. Sample facility plans are also provided to demonstrate the design principles advocated. The foreword examines the historical background of mental health treatment facilities in relation to the context of care. The continuing problem of the alienating and dehumanizing effects of psychiatric hospitals on patients is also addressed. Security requirements are investigated in relation to patients' rights and personal needs. This text also examines related fire safety requirements and design measures to minimize the risks of suicides, self injuries, and assaults. Environmental design issues, including lighting, color, acoustics, construction materials, air quality, and spatial relationships, are examined in relation to mental and physical health. Cognitive issues such as wayfinding, mental maps, symbolism, and perceptions of physical environments and architectural design are explored in relation to mental health treatment facilities. Earlier research suggests that patients have difficulty making the cognitive adjustment to typical mental health treatment facilities, and this can negatively effect their therapy and potential recovery. An illustrated questionnaire was developed to help determine the types of facilities patients can relate to and experience relative comfort. This questionnaire was used to examine perceptions of buildings and designs in relation to the provision of comfortable and healthy environments. The survey revealed that patients, health care providers, and students shared similar perceptions of the built environment, and that buildings possessing features generally associated with domestic buildings (houses) were considered more comfortable than other building types. In particular, buildings with pitched roofs and brick exteriors were considered most suggestive of comfort. Horizontal windows were preferred to more common vertically oriented windows. This effect was more pronounced when windows framed a pleasant natural view. Curved interior forms were also found to be suggestive of comfort. Past, current, and emerging patterns of site and facility development are reviewed in association with their environmental context. The role of nature in the healing process, from ancient Greece to recent discoveries, is also examined. The final chapter of this thesis is a demonstration of design principles with annotated drawings of a hypothetical inpatient unit and outpatient clinic. These drawings are provided to demonstrate an integration of thesis findings and design principles. These drawings are not a definitive design or prototype, because every site and building program are different and require their own design solution.
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Li, Heung-kwan. "Building a healthy community : the impact of property management in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38026909.
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Ho, Kwok-chi, and 何國智. "The significance of a professional housing manager in maintaining a healthy building." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42555462.
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Li, Heung-kwan, and 李向群. "Building a healthy community: the impact of property management in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008929.
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Ho, Kwok-chi. "The significance of a professional housing manager in maintaining a healthy building." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42555462.
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Ballard, Paul H. "Team building practices employed by senior pastors to build healthy ministry teams." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Ntagungira, Egide Kayonga. "Building a health-promoting schools conceptual framework model as a strategy to address barriers to learning and to promote healthy development of school-aged children." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4137.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDAfter suffering almost total collapse. Rwanda has made impressive post-genocide progress. Many children of school going age are now attending school, but regrettably, only half complete primary school. High numbers of orphans, disabled children and a growing number of children from child-headed households still suffer the consequences of the poverty inherited from the past. Health problems include HIV/Aids, STIs, malaria, tuberculosis, enteric diseases, mental health problems, hunger and malnutrition. Use of drugs and substance abuse, unwanted pregnancies, lack of support services, unavailability of teaching and learning materials, inflexible curricula and poor teaching methodologies also contribute to learning breakdown. It is against this background that this thesis was conducted to investigate the development of a health-promoting schools model to provide an appropriate strategy to address barriers to learning and to promote healthy development of school children in Rwanda. Two research questions were the focus of this research, first, how does a health-promoting schools model provide an appropriate strategy to address barriers to learning and to promote healthy development of school-aged children in Rwanda and second, what are the participants’ views on and understanding of the model and its potential use in their schools? A mixed methods research design that employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches was used. The study followed sequential implementation: Phase 1 was concerned with the identification of the components for the model. It was a case study of four schools, two rural schools and two urban schools in Kigali City. The sample included 60 teachers, pupils, principals and parents from schools and nine key informants who were policymakers from the Ministries of Education and Health and Social Welfare, line institutions and the UNICEF. Data collection strategies included focus group discussions, semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews, a transect walk and observations. Data analysis was through content analysis. Eight themes emerged out of the data: school leadership and management; school health policies; pupil wellbeing; school partnership with parents, families and local communities; school health services; factors affecting teaching and learning for all children; teacher wellbeing; and a healthy physical school environment. These themes became the components that informed the development of a health-promoting schools model. In Phase 2, the degree of understanding of this proposed model and its components were investigated in each school community.
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Moda, Musa Haruna. "Metabolite production and potential health effects of mould growth associated with buildings." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.688265.
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Haddox, John Christopher. "Essays on Evidence-Based Design as Related to Buildings and Occupant Health." Thesis, West Virginia University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3601333.
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This dissertation is comprised of three essays that explore the connections between buildings and their impacts on outcomes associated with occupant health. The essays are: 1. The Effect of Certified Green Office Buildings on Occupant Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2. Understanding Evidence-Based Design Through a Review of the Literature, 3. Future Directions for Evidence-Based Design in Health Care Facilities.
Essay one, entitled The Effect of Certified Green Office Buildings on Occupant Heath: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, explores the connections between certified green office buildings and their impacts on occupant health via the application of a systematic review and meta-analysis. An extensive literature search was conducted to locate any studies that examined the health of occupants in conventional buildings versus the health of the same populations after a move into a certified green building. The literature review followed the Cochrane Collaboration protocol for conducting systematic reviews. The results of a meta-analysis of the two studies uncovered by the systematic review show a positive relationship between certified green office buildings and improved occupant health (SMD 1.09), yet there was insufficient power (CI -0.88, 3.05) to prove causality.
Essay two, entitled Understanding Evidence-Based Design Through a Review of the Literature, relates the current understanding of the concept of Evidence-Based Design (EBD), as specifically related to health care facilities, through the vehicle of an annotated bibliography of the relevant literature. EBD lacks a universally agreed upon definition, but one of the stronger definitions from the architecture discipline states that evidence-based design is a process for the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence from research and practice in making critical decisions, together with an informed client, about the design of each individual and unique project. The outcomes of primary concern with health care facilities tend to fall into three categories—patient/family outcomes, staff outcomes and fiscal outcomes.
The thirty-one annotated articles reveal that the concept of EBD is quite complex, especially as it relates to the gathering and assessment of data and how such data is used to inform the building project. The bulk of the complexity lies with the word `evidence.' The current literature suggests disparity among researchers and practitioners over the collection, assessment and incorporation of evidence related to the collection, analysis and incorporation of evidence into building projects that seek to have a positive impact on the three main outcome categories of interest in healthcare facilities—patient outcomes, staff outcomes and fiscal outcomes.
Essay three, entitled Future Directions for Evidence-Based Design in Health Care Facilities, anticipates the future of evidence-based design as related to the design and construction of health care facilities. Reimbursement policies are driving health care to include more community based and customer services oriented delivery models. Pay based on performance—quality and efficiency of health care delivered—as well as customer satisfaction are taking on new importance and will drive designers of health care facilities to develop ever new methodologies for gathering and assessing evidence.
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Hughes, Jonathan Frederick Allan. "The brutal hospital : efficiency, form and identity in the National Health Service." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244536.
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Tonkin, Karen Alison. "Building a schema for health promotion among pre-school children." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440184.
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Weare, Katherine. "Building bridges : the relationship of medical education to health promotion." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242681.
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Rowe, Fiona. "Building school connectedness : evidence from the health promoting school approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16233/2/Fiona_Rowe_Thesis.pdf.
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School connectedness, defined as the cohesiveness between diverse groups in the school community, including students, families, school staff and the wider community, is a well-documented protective factor for child and adolescent health. However, strategies for promoting school connectedness are less well known. The Western Gateway Health Promoting Schools Grant Scheme is a program that aims to increase school connectedness by using the health promoting school approach in disadvantaged communities in South-East Queensland, Australia. The scheme provides an opportunity for schools to apply for funding to implement strategies that increase students' sense of school connectedness, using a Health Promoting School approach. Evaluation of the Western Gateway Health Promoting School Grant Scheme provided an opportunity to investigate the influence of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness. The influence of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness was evaluated using a qualitative case study methodology. Three school communities were investigated as single, related case studies to examine the impact of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness. A conceptual framework, based on the theoretical understanding of how the health promoting school approach influences school connectedness, was developed and used as a guide to investigate the relationships within the case study schools. The health promoting school model, which is a 'settings' approach to health promotion, has the potential to promote school connectedness as it is based on the inclusive, participatory, and democratic principles shown to be necessary for the development of social connectedness at the broader community level. The model illustrates this potential through two mechanisms 1) processes that are characterised by the inclusion of a diverse range of members that make up a community; the active participation of community members and equal 'power' relationships, or equal partnerships among community members; and 2) structures such as school policies, school organisation and the school physical environment, that reflect the values of participation, democracy and inclusion andor that promote processes based on these values. These processes and structures, which are located both in the classroom and within the broader school environment, collectively hold the potential to promote connectedness in the school setting. Data on these relationships were collected using in-depth interviews with representatives of groups within the school community such as school staff, parents, students, health service and community agency workers. Additionally, student focus groups and documentary evidence, such as school program reports and observations of health promoting school activities were used in the collection of data. Data sources were triangulated to gain a complete understanding of the impact of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness. Data analysis was conducted by categorising the data into themes and categories based on, but not limited to, the conceptual framework that guided data collection. Data display matrices enabled theoretical relationships between the health promoting school approach and school connectedness to be drawn. The results of the in-depth qualitative evaluation of the program show that the health promoting school approach influences school connectedness through the mechanisms of a 'whole-school approach' that encourage interaction between members of the whole school community. Specific activities that promoted school connectedness were 'whole school' activities that celebrated the school community, for example, the launch of a school cafd and 'whole-class' activities where students and school staff work together towards a shared goal, such as the planning of a school breakfast tuckshop. Activities that encouraged links between classes and school staff in a school community, for example, shared curriculum planning in the co-ordination of a school breakfast tuckshop program also contributed to school connectedness by promoting interaction among school community members. Health promoting school structures and processes help to develop mutual reciprocal relationships characterised by school community members getting to know others better and developing care and support for each other, which in turn develops into other indicators of school connectedness, such as tolerance of diversity, perceptions of being valued, trust, perceptions of safety, and decreased absenteeism. A key element of health promoting school structures and processes that enables the formation of these relationships is the inclusive nature of the approach, which encourages school community members to participate in the school community. This encourages the formation of mutual reciprocal relationships. A number of elements of the health promoting school approach encourage participation in the community. For example, the formation of mutual, reciprocal relationships requires activities that are economically inclusive, and characterised by a social, positive, fun or celebratory element; that are informal and well-managed. Specifically, events characterised by eating food together; real-life activities; activities the school community 'owns' by having a say in them; and activities that involve school community members working together are important for the development of mutual reciprocal relationships. These elements occur at the level of the school and the broader school community interactions, as well as at the level of the class and interactions between classes within the school. In summary, this research provides evidence that the health promoting school approach is an effective model to influence school connectedness, which in effect promotes the health and well-being of children and adolescents.
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Rowe, Fiona. "Building school connectedness : evidence from the health promoting school approach." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16233/.
Full textAbstract:
School connectedness, defined as the cohesiveness between diverse groups in the school community, including students, families, school staff and the wider community, is a well-documented protective factor for child and adolescent health. However, strategies for promoting school connectedness are less well known. The Western Gateway Health Promoting Schools Grant Scheme is a program that aims to increase school connectedness by using the health promoting school approach in disadvantaged communities in South-East Queensland, Australia. The scheme provides an opportunity for schools to apply for funding to implement strategies that increase students' sense of school connectedness, using a Health Promoting School approach. Evaluation of the Western Gateway Health Promoting School Grant Scheme provided an opportunity to investigate the influence of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness. The influence of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness was evaluated using a qualitative case study methodology. Three school communities were investigated as single, related case studies to examine the impact of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness. A conceptual framework, based on the theoretical understanding of how the health promoting school approach influences school connectedness, was developed and used as a guide to investigate the relationships within the case study schools. The health promoting school model, which is a 'settings' approach to health promotion, has the potential to promote school connectedness as it is based on the inclusive, participatory, and democratic principles shown to be necessary for the development of social connectedness at the broader community level. The model illustrates this potential through two mechanisms 1) processes that are characterised by the inclusion of a diverse range of members that make up a community; the active participation of community members and equal 'power' relationships, or equal partnerships among community members; and 2) structures such as school policies, school organisation and the school physical environment, that reflect the values of participation, democracy and inclusion andor that promote processes based on these values. These processes and structures, which are located both in the classroom and within the broader school environment, collectively hold the potential to promote connectedness in the school setting. Data on these relationships were collected using in-depth interviews with representatives of groups within the school community such as school staff, parents, students, health service and community agency workers. Additionally, student focus groups and documentary evidence, such as school program reports and observations of health promoting school activities were used in the collection of data. Data sources were triangulated to gain a complete understanding of the impact of the health promoting school approach on school connectedness. Data analysis was conducted by categorising the data into themes and categories based on, but not limited to, the conceptual framework that guided data collection. Data display matrices enabled theoretical relationships between the health promoting school approach and school connectedness to be drawn. The results of the in-depth qualitative evaluation of the program show that the health promoting school approach influences school connectedness through the mechanisms of a 'whole-school approach' that encourage interaction between members of the whole school community. Specific activities that promoted school connectedness were 'whole school' activities that celebrated the school community, for example, the launch of a school cafd and 'whole-class' activities where students and school staff work together towards a shared goal, such as the planning of a school breakfast tuckshop. Activities that encouraged links between classes and school staff in a school community, for example, shared curriculum planning in the co-ordination of a school breakfast tuckshop program also contributed to school connectedness by promoting interaction among school community members. Health promoting school structures and processes help to develop mutual reciprocal relationships characterised by school community members getting to know others better and developing care and support for each other, which in turn develops into other indicators of school connectedness, such as tolerance of diversity, perceptions of being valued, trust, perceptions of safety, and decreased absenteeism. A key element of health promoting school structures and processes that enables the formation of these relationships is the inclusive nature of the approach, which encourages school community members to participate in the school community. This encourages the formation of mutual reciprocal relationships. A number of elements of the health promoting school approach encourage participation in the community. For example, the formation of mutual, reciprocal relationships requires activities that are economically inclusive, and characterised by a social, positive, fun or celebratory element; that are informal and well-managed. Specifically, events characterised by eating food together; real-life activities; activities the school community 'owns' by having a say in them; and activities that involve school community members working together are important for the development of mutual reciprocal relationships. These elements occur at the level of the school and the broader school community interactions, as well as at the level of the class and interactions between classes within the school. In summary, this research provides evidence that the health promoting school approach is an effective model to influence school connectedness, which in effect promotes the health and well-being of children and adolescents.
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Wong, Yat-hang Felix, and 黃逸恒. "Sustainable construction and health: developing a quantitative assessment tool." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085271.
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Phillips, Richard. "Community capacity building, community development and health : a case study of 'health issues in the community'." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1515.
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This research project aimed to further knowledge regarding the relationship between community capacity building (CCB), community development and health within the context of the Health Issues in the Community (HIIC) programme. CCB refers to the development of capabilities to identify and address community issues and was conceptualised using four dimensions: participation, resource mobilisation, links with others and role of outside agents. HIIC is a learning resource supported by NHS Health Scotland, the national health promotion agency. The main objective of HIIC is to help students explore the processes involved in tackling health-related concerns in the community. The main concepts in this study were explored by referring to a range of academic literatures and five research questions were formulated. ‘How did HIIC tutors and students understand the concept of community and was this understanding influenced by completing HIIC?’, ‘How did stakeholders and tutors understand the notion of CCB?’, ‘Was CCB evident in the experiences of the students after their involvement with the course?’, ‘Did participating in the HIIC course contribute towards furthering students’ understanding about health?’ and ‘Did participating in HIIC have any other impact on participants?’ Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted across Scotland with three participant groups: stakeholders, tutors and students. This involved a total of thirtyfive interviews with students and tutors from eleven different courses. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Four key themes emerged: community, CCB, health, and impact of learning. Tutors and students suggested that people could be members of multiple communities. Community was understood as a geographical location, a common interest and as a sense of belonging. Tutors also considered the community as a site of professional practice. Some participants had an expectation that community members should act collectively to help one another. Completing HIIC appeared to influence students’ understanding about their own circumstances, issues within their community and how it functions, rather than informing how they defined the concept of community. CCB was seen by tutors as a process that develops competencies to address community issues. Stakeholders and tutors differed in their views about whether CCB was an individual level or a collective process. Participants likened CCB to community development, but stakeholders questioned if it shared the same value base or if it was an outcome of community development. Tutors expressed a range of opinions about their understanding of CCB. It was viewed as a potentially helpful idea in terms of understanding the work of community / health-based practitioners. However, others were unable to give a definition of CCB and some tutors considered CCB a concept with little meaning or an indicator to fulfil in the context of a funding application. The manifestation of individual aspects of CCB were identified in the accounts of some participants, but the data did not support the contention that HIIC promoted CCB, within the timescale of this study, although, it could be argued that latent CCB was developed. The data did indicate that participants’ understanding about the concept of health was reaffirmed, broadened or changed and that participating in HIIC could increase an individual’s awareness of social and health issues, develop interpersonal skills and widen social networks. This study indicated that by exploring the concepts of CCB, community and health, a contribution was made towards understanding the processes by which participating in a HIIC course influenced students to address health-related concerns.
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Borges, Nicolau João Gonçalves. "O Hospital Termal das Caldas da Rainha-arte e património." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UL-Universidade de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30320.
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Barcelos, Suzyane CortÃs. "The regionalization of access to health: facilitating flows or building barriers?" Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=19179.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoCoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Desde a consolidaÃÃo do Sistema Ãnico de SaÃde (SUS), hà um empenho de forÃas polÃticas e tÃcnicas em concretizar arranjos organizativos que expressem o desenho mais adequado para efetivar o acesso à saÃde em territÃrios com limites geogrÃficos continentais, como o do Brasil. PorÃm, historicamente, ao nos centrarmos nos trajetos assistenciais de usuÃrios que necessitam migrar da atenÃÃo bÃsica (AB) para a atenÃÃo especializada (AE), à perceptÃvel uma persistente departamentalizaÃÃo dos serviÃos de saÃde, o que fragiliza a integralidade da atenÃÃo e os fluxos dos usuÃrios. Dessa forma, o Estado tem investido na regionalizaÃÃo da saÃde como potente estratÃgia para aumentar o alcance dos serviÃos ofertados, de forma a atender Ãs necessidades dos usuÃrios com maior qualidade e menor custo de investimento. Sendo assim, esse estudo se propÃe a compreender como acontece a regulaÃÃo do acesso à atenÃÃo especializada, a partir de uma perspectiva regionalizada da saÃde. Trata-se de um estudo enraizado em solos epistemolÃgicos da pesquisa qualitativa, que tem como interesse as experiÃncias e processos de significaÃÃes de sujeitos inseridos no cenÃrio da saÃde. Foram entrevistados 9 usuÃrios e 5 gestores da Ãrea de saÃde de Russas, estado do CearÃ, no perÃodo de janeiro a abril de 2016. As entrevistas foram coletadas no serviÃo ambulatorial e especializado da regiÃo (policlÃnica). Realizaram-se entrevistas em profundidade, buscando reconstituir as trajetÃrias assistenciais dos usuÃrios. Ademais, utilizamos anotaÃÃes em diÃrio de campo e observaÃÃo dos serviÃos de saÃde. A construÃÃo da informaÃÃo teve como lente a perspectiva da fenomenologia empÃrica, a partir da qual se desvelaram trÃs unidades de significados. A primeira unidade de significado foi a organizaÃÃo dos fluxos de acesso regionalizado, apontando os fluxos institucionalizados pelos protocolos de acesso à AE implantados sob uma lÃgica muito estrutural e burocrÃtica, culminando em barreiras de acesso e levando os usuÃrios a trilhar vias paralelas. Na segunda unidade, o cerne das anÃlises girou em torno da gestÃo das prÃticas regulatÃrias regionais, desvelando as estratÃgias utilizadas pelos gestores para garantir fluxos de acesso regionalizado, tais como o controle sistemÃtico da oferta de vagas, matriciamento entre AE e AB, utilizaÃÃo das Tecnologias de InformaÃÃo e comunicaÃÃo no processo de regulaÃÃo do acesso regional. Por Ãltimo, apresentamos a gestÃo das prÃticas regulatÃrias com base na organizaÃÃo interna do serviÃo de referÃncia, discutindo principalmente â a partir das trajetÃrias assistenciais â o impacto que a acessibilidade geogrÃfica tem no acesso à saÃde dos usuÃrios, a importÃncia do transporte sanitÃrio e a priorizaÃÃo de municÃpios mais distantes. Conclui-se que a modelagem de serviÃos de saÃde, na perspectiva regionalizada de saÃde, à uma soluÃÃo necessÃria e inevitÃvel para um paÃs de dimensÃes continentais. Todavia, devem estruturar-se potentes sistemas logÃsticos e de apoio para que de fato se consiga alcanÃar a integralidade de todos os nÃveis de saÃde.
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Kilic, Gokhan. "Application of advanced non-destructive testing methods on bridge health assessment and analysis." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2012. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/9811/.
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Bridge structures have an important role in economic, social and environmental aspects of society life. Bridges are also subject to a natural process of deterioration of construction materials, as well as natural and environmental events such as flooding, freezing, thawing etc. Health monitoring and assessment of the structural integrity of bridges have been the focus of engineers and researchers for decades. Currently, the various aspects of bridge health are monitored separately. However, measuring these aspects independently does not give the overall health of the bridge and crucial indicators of structural damage can be neglected. Generally, bridge health assessments take the form of individual NDT (non-destructive techniques) detecting individual defects. However value can be added to these results by combining and comparing the findings of several different NDT surveys. By completing this, a more accurate assessment of bridge health is obtained. This increases confidence in the decision as to whether remedial action is necessary. In this thesis an integrated bridge health monitoring approach is proposed which applies several NDT specifically chosen for bridge health assessments, thus achieving this added value. This method can be used as a part of a comprehensive bridge monitoring strategy as an assessment tool to evaluate the bridges structural health. This approach enables the user of this approach to obtain a detailed structural report on the bridge with all the necessary information pertaining to its’ health, allowing for a fully educated decision to be made regarding whether remedial action is necessary. This research presents the results of the applications of such methods on case studies utilising Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), IBIS-S technology / system (deflection and vibration detection sensor system with interferometric capability) and Accelerometer sensors. It also evaluates the effectiveness of the adopted methods and technologies by comparing and validating the yielded results with conventional methods (modelling and visual inspection). The research presents and discusses processed data obtained by the above mentioned methods in detail and reports on challenges encountered in setting up and materialising the assessment process. This work also reports on Finite Element Modelling (FEM) of the main case study (Pentagon Road Bridge) using specialist software (SAP2000 and ANSYS) in order to simulate the perceived movement of the bridge under dynamic and static conditions. The analytical results output were compared with results obtained by the applications of the above non-destructive methods. Thus by using these techniques the main aim of this thesis is to develop an integrated model/approach for the assessment and monitoring of the structural integrity and overall functionality of bridges. All the above methods were validated using preliminary case studies (GPR), additional equipment (accelerometers for IBIS-S validation) and additional techniques and information (SAP 2000 and ANSYS were compared to one another and IBIS-S results). All of these techniques were applied on the Pentagon Road Bridge. This bridge was chosen as no information was available regarding its structural composition. Visual inspection showed the external defects of the structure: cracking, moisture ingress and concrete delamination was present in one of the spans of the bridge. The GPR surveys gave the position of the rebars and also signs of moisture ingress at depths of 20cm (confirmed using velocity analysis). IBIS-S gave results for the deflection of the structure. FEM was used to model the behaviour of the bridge assuming no defects. To achieve additional model accuracy the results of the rebar position were input in to the model and it was calibrated using IBIS-S data. The deflection results from the model were then compared to the actual deflection data to identify areas of deterioration. It was found that excessive deflection occurred on one of the spans. It was thus found that all NDT indicated that a particular span was an area of significant deterioration and remedial action should be completed on this section in the near future. Future prediction was also completed by running simulations in ANSYS for increasing crack lengths and dynamic loading. It was found that if there is no remedial action excessive beam bending moments will occur and eventual collapse. The results of this research demonstrated that GPR provided information on the extent of the internal structural defects of the bridge under study (moisture ingress and delamination) whilst IBIS-S technology and Accelerometer sensors permitted measurement of the magnitude of the vibration of the bridge under dynamic and static loading conditions. The results depicted similarities between the FEM results and the adopted non-destructive methods results in location and pattern. This work can potentially contribute towards a better understanding of the mechanical and physical behaviours of bridge structures and ultimately assess their life expectancy and functionality.