Journal articles on the topic 'Healthcare policy legislation'
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Mistler, Lisa, Rosemary Taylor, Raelene Shippee-Rice, Pamela DiNapoli, and Karla Armenti. "Improving Policy and Legislation Related to Healthcare Workplace Violence." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1271.
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Abstract Our group conducted the first known New Hampshire survey on healthcare staff experience of workplace violence. Study questions focused on experiences of workplace violence, incident reporting mechanisms, and the availability and benefit of workplace violence training programs. Results were consistent with recently published literature: violence against healthcare workers remains a serious public health problem that is under-reported, understudied, “tolerated and largely ignored.” We will discuss the aspects of policy and legislative responses to workplace violence that have been insufficient to address this problem. We also will present some strategies that, if implemented, could lead to improved policy and legislation that may be more proactive in reducing such violence.
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Zhang, Xin Hua, Oladele A. Ogunseitan, Ming Jiang Xu, and Meng Jun Chen. "Healthcare Waste Management Policy Assessment in China." Advanced Materials Research 878 (January 2014): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.594.
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Healthcare waste management represents a challenge in China due to insufficient legislation and financial investment, lack of awareness and effective regulations, lack of trained clinical staffs in the waste management framework etc. This study considered the issues of existing healthcare waste management practice and put forward the policy suggestions.
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Watson, Kaitlyn E., Judith A. Singleton, Vivienne Tippett, and Lisa M. Nissen. "Do disasters predict international pharmacy legislation?" Australian Health Review 44, no. 3 (2020): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19093.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore whether a relationship exists between the number of disasters a jurisdiction has experienced and the presence of disaster-specific pharmacy legislation. MethodsPharmacy legislation specific to disasters was reviewed for five countries: Australia, Canada, UK, US and New Zealand. A binary logistic regression test using a generalised estimating equation was used to examine the association between the number of disasters experienced by a state, province, territory or country and whether they had disaster-specific pharmacy legislation. ResultsThree of six models were statistically significant, suggesting that the odds of a jurisdiction having disaster-specific pharmacy legislation increased as the number of disasters increased for the period 2007–17 and 2013–17. There was an association between the everyday emergency supply legislation and the presence of the extended disaster-specific emergency supply legislation . ConclusionsIt is evident from this review that there are inconsistencies as to the level of assistance pharmacists can provide during times of crisis depending on their jurisdiction and location of practice. It is not a question of whether pharmacists have the skills and capabilities to assist, but rather what legislative barriers are preventing them from being able to contribute further to the disaster healthcare team. What is known about the topic?The contributing factors to disaster-specific pharmacy legislation has not previously been explored in Australia. It can be postulated that the number of disasters experienced by a jurisdiction increases the likelihood of governments introducing disaster-specific pharmacy legislation based on other countries. What does this paper add?This study compared five countries and their pharmacy legislation specific to disasters. It identified that as the number of disasters increases, the odds of a jurisdiction having disaster-specific emergency supply or disaster relocation or mobile pharmacy legislation increases. However, this is likely to be only one of many factors affecting the political decisions of when and what legislation is passed in relation to pharmacists’ roles in disasters. What are the implications for practitioners?Pharmacists are well situated in the community to be of assistance during disasters. However, their ability to help patients with chronic disease management or providing necessary vaccinations in disasters is limited by the legislation in their jurisdiction. Releasing pharmacists’ full potential in disasters could alleviate the burden of low-acuity patients on other healthcare services. This could subsequently free up other healthcare professionals to treat high-acuity patients and emergencies.
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Shepeleva, Yu L., and A. V. Petrenko. "To the question of the legal policy of the modern Russian state in the field of biomedical technologies." South Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2712-8156-2022-3-4-125-128.
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The article deals with the issues of legislative regulation of biotechnologies in the field of healthcare. The authors analyzed the current international and domestic legislation in the field of biotechnology in the context of the legal policy of the Russian Federation at the present stage.
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Mbuya, Alphonce. "Adequacy of Legal and Policy Measures taken to Realise Older Persons’ Right to Healthcare in Tanzania." Journal of Legal Studies & Research 08, no. 04 (2022): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.55662/jlsr.2022.8403.
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Global and regional human rights treaties require state parties, including Tanzania, to take constitutional, legislative, policy and other measures to give effect to the rights guaranteed in the treaties. This article seeks to answer the question of whether Tanzania has taken adequate constitutional, legislative, and policy measures toward realising older persons’ right to healthcare. Tanzania’s international human rights obligations to realise older persons’ right to healthcare stem from international and regional human rights treaties which include the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. It is observed that, although Tanzania has recognised the need to ensure access to healthcare services by older persons, implementation of such policies remains a challenge as older persons continue to experience many challenges in accessing healthcare services. Moreover, the lack of constitutional protection of older persons’ rights and the right to healthcare and the absence of specific legislation on older persons render the legal framework on older persons’ right to healthcare extremely inadequate.
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Popova, Stoyanka, and Albena Kerekovska. "Immigrants and healthcare in Bulgaria: the responses by policy and legislation." Scripta Scientifica Medica 41, no. 1 (April 20, 2009): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssm.v41i1.470.
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Au, Cheuk Hang, Kevin K. W. Ho, and Dickson K. W. Chiu. "Stopping healthcare misinformation: The effect of financial incentives and legislation." Health Policy 125, no. 5 (May 2021): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.02.010.
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Al-Alawy, Khamis, and Immanuel Azaad Moonesar. "Perspective: Telehealth – beyond legislation and regulation." SAGE Open Medicine 11 (January 2023): 205031212211432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121221143223.
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The World Health Organization describes health innovation as developing new or improved systems, policies, products, technologies, services or delivery approaches that improve health and well-being, specifically of vulnerable people. The study’s objectives were to (a) explore the legislative and regulatory journey of telehealth across the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and non-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries and (b) provide recommendations to strengthen health system performance. We reviewed information sources for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and non-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries opportunistically, including government and medical board publications, media coverage and peer-reviewed papers, to provide a perspective on the legislative and regulatory telehealth journey. Our review of countries suggests that legislation and regulation remain essential for governance, accountability and assuring that healthcare professionals and technologies are safe and secure. However, there was no uniform approach to telehealth legislation and regulation, and the precautionary approach was observed in some countries. Different strategies appear to have been adopted for telehealth implementation. There is a need to go beyond legislation and regulation to strengthen health system performance and assure the future success of telehealth services. Health system decision makers should work with health system stakeholders to strategise and plan for telehealth services as it will have implications on the future delivery of healthcare services and the health system. Further research is needed to explore how policy frameworks may support innovations in healthcare, such as telehealth.
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Büchner-Eveleigh, Mariana, and Annelize Nienaber. "Gesondheidsorg vir Kinders: Voldoen Suid-Afrikaanse Wetgewing Aan die Land se Verpligtinge Ingevolge die Konvensie Oor die Regte van die Kind en die Grondwet?" Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 15, no. 1 (May 22, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2012/v15i1a2459.
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Included in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989 (UN Children's Convention) is the right of children to the highest attainable standard of health. In terms of article 4 of the UN Children's Convention, in implementing the UN Children's Convention state parties must "undertake all appropriate legislative, administrative, and other measures for the implementation of the rights recognised in the present Convention". South Africa showed its commitment to protecting and promoting children's health when it ratified the UN Children's Convention and subsequently adopted the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, which includes provisions guaranteeing the health rights of children. South Africa also showed commitment to giving legislative effect to the protection and promotion of children's health by promulgating the National Health Act 61 of 2003, the Children's Act 38 of 2005 and the Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002. The article evaluates existing policy and legislation affecting child health in order to assess how well South African legislation addresses the issue of children's healthcare rights and whether or not it complies with its international law and constitutional obligations in this regard. The article concludes that although much legislation exists, none provides comprehensively for children's healthcare rights, and there are many gaps in existing legislation. Most importantly, there is no reference to the core minimum requirements for the state in providing for the health of children, particularly in the way of healthcare services and nutrition. Further, there is a complete lack of legislation which protects the health needs of children with disabilities. In order to ensure that the health rights of children are protected and promoted, we propose more comprehensive legislative protection.
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Ekmekci, Perihan Elif. "Patients’ Rights in Cross-border Healthcare (Directive 2011/24/eu) and How It Applies to Turkey as a Negotiating Candidate Country." European Journal of Health Law 24, no. 4 (October 19, 2017): 432–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341423.
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Abstract Cross-border healthcare and patient mobility across European Union Member States has been on the agenda of eu Commission for the last decade. Directive 2011/24/eu on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare went into force in 2013. The Directive mainly addresses the responsibilities of Member States in cross-border healthcare, regulates reimbursement procedure, and coordinates European reference networks and health technology assessment in the eu. The Directive has direct and indirect implications on Turkish health system. In this article, first an overview of Directive 2011/24/eu is addressed with special attention to its relation to patient rights and other eu legislations. Then, Turkish citizens’ position in the scope of eu legislation on patient rights is considered. Finally, the ethical implications of the Directive, conceptualisation of cross-border patient mobility, and Turkey’s particular position among other candidate countries regarding cross-border healthcare is discussed.
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Roels, Leo, and Johan De Meester. "The Relative Impact of Presumed-Consent Legislation on Thoracic Organ Donation in the Eurotransplant Area." Journal of Transplant Coordination 6, no. 4 (December 1996): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090591999600600405.
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A country's organ donation rate and hence the availability of thoracic organs can be increased by organizational measures, by legislative incentives, and by increasing awareness among the public and healthcare professionals. We analyzed the relative impact of organ procurement legislation or policy on heart and lung donation rates per million population per year in the four countries participating in the Eurotransplant organization (population, 112.7 million) between January 1992 and December 1994. Within this organization, Austria and Belgium have presumed-consent legislation, whereas Germany and the Netherlands have an opting-in (explicit-consent) policy. Although practices vary even among countries with similar policies (eg, in Belgium, relatives of the donor retain the right to object to procurement of organs in the absence of an explicit consent from the deceased before death), rates of heart and lung donation were at least twice as high in the two countries with presumed-consent legislation as in the two countries that rely on a policy of explicit consent from the donor's next of kin.
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Kayser, Susan, Neal Wiggermann, Dee Kumpar, and R. N. Hill-Rom. "Prevalence of Safe Patient Handling Practice in U.S. Acute Care Hospitals." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 1073–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631159.
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Healthcare workers are among the occupations with the highest rates of musculoskeletal injuries and these injuries are predominantly caused by manual patient handling. Epidemiological and biomechanical studies have shown that mechanical lift equipment is effective in reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury when mobilizing patients. Accordingly, professional organizations such as the American Nurses Association, and legislation in 11 U.S. states have recommended the use of lift equipment in healthcare facilities. However, anecdotal reports describe a slow adoption of lift use, and there is little data available to healthcare facilities for benchmarking or to policymakers for legislation. Only a few studies have investigated the prevalence of lift use with voluntary surveys of nurses. The current study leveraged the 2018 International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence™ (IPUP) survey to estimate lift use on 40,856 patients in 642 U.S. acute care hospitals. A logistic regression was used to analyze patient and facility attributes associated with lift use. Only 3.7% of all patients and 11.1% of patients with restricted mobility had been mobilized with lift equipment at any point during their care. Patients in states with SPHM legislation were 60% more likely to have a lift used during their care than patients in other states. These findings have important implications for worker safety programs, patient safety initiatives, and legislative policy.
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Coombs, Geoffrey, Keryn Christiansen, and Helen Van Gessel. "Keeping epidemic MRSA out of Western Australian hospitals." Microbiology Australia 29, no. 3 (2008): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma08140.
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Since 1982 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in WA has been notifiable by State legislation. During this time the WA Department of Health (DoH), which administers and sets policy for the government-funded healthcare facilities and licences all private healthcare facilities operating within the State, has promoted a comprehensive MRSA management policy. This policy, which involves all WA healthcare facilities, medical microbiology laboratories and the DoH, is similar to the ?search and destroy policy? used in northern Europe 1 and involves selective screening, isolation and decolonisation. The objective of the policy is the early identification, containment and eradication of MRSA infection and colonisation, primarily targeting EMRSA strains in WA acute care hospitals.
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Kavcic, Matic, Majda Pahor, and Barbara Domajnko. "User involvement in Slovenian healthcare." Journal of Health Organization and Management 29, no. 5 (August 17, 2015): 595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-06-2014-0095.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on current developments in user involvement in healthcare in Slovenia and to explore the issue from the macro-, mezzo- and micro-levels. Design/methodology/approach – User involvement is first contextualised within history of the organisation of healthcare system, from its socialist past through to its post-transitional developments. Second, user involvement is tracked through an analysis of healthcare policies and legislation as well as at its institutional and organisational levels. Finally, user involvement practices are illustrated from the perspective of individual patients. A descriptive and exploratory case study design was employed, including a literature review, document analysis and qualitative thematic analysis of nine in-depth and four semi-structured interviews. Findings – The findings reveal a complex and at times ambivalent picture in which user involvement is still not firmly embedded into the healthcare system, despite being generally accepted. Originality/value – No systematic qualitative research of patient involvement in Slovenia has previously been published. This research will establish a basis for further investigations of the topic.
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Bhumiratana, Adisak, Apiradee Intarapuk, Suriyo Chujun, Wuthichai Kaewwaen, Prapa Sorosjinda-Nunthawarasilp, and Surachart Koyadun. "Thailand Momentum on Policy and Practice in Local Legislation on Dengue Vector Control." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/217237.
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Over a past decade, an administrative decentralization model, adopted for local administration development in Thailand, is replacing the prior centralized (top-down) command system. The change offers challenges to local governmental agencies and other public health agencies at all the ministerial, regional, and provincial levels. A public health regulatory and legislative framework for dengue vector control by local governmental agencies is a national topic of interest because dengue control program has been integrated into healthcare services at the provincial level and also has been given priority in health plans of local governmental agencies. The enabling environments of local administrations are unique, so this critical review focuses on the authority of local governmental agencies responsible for disease prevention and control and on the functioning of local legislation with respect to dengue vector control and practices.
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Gevers, Sjef, and Corrette Ploem. "News and Views Introduction of a National Electronic Patient Record in The Netherlands: Some Legal Issues." European Journal of Health Law 18, no. 2 (2011): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180911x564561.
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AbstractThe electronic patient record (EPR) is a major technological development within the healthcare sector. Many hospitals across Europe already use institution-based electronic patient records, which allow not only for electronic exchange of patient data within the hospital, but potentially also for sharing medical data with external healthcare providers, involved in the patient’s care, such as general practitioners or pharmacists. In this article, we discuss the attempt made by the Dutch government to introduce a nationwide electronic patient record (n-EPR). Describing and analyzing the new legislation that is currently being developed to establish the infrastructure for the n-EPR and the related legal issues, we conclude that the introduction of a n-EPR give rise to some substantial concerns. These vary from technical and quality issues such as the reliability of patient data and sufficient standardization and interoperability of the systems used, to issues in the field of data security and confidentiality. For a successful introduction of the n-EPR within the healthcare sector, a condicio sine qua non is that the related legislation provides sufficient safeguards and clarity with respect to the responsibilities and liabilities of its main users: the healthcare professionals.
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Goldwire Tutt, Tanesha. "Healthcare Policy: Federally Mandated Insurance Coverage for Infertility Treatment." Columbia Social Work Review 19, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 2–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/cswr.v19i1.7587.
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Approximately 15% of couples in the United States (U.S.) suffer from infertility. Existing infertility treatments and alternate paths to parenthood, such as adoption, are available but financially inaccessible and require self-payment. Although organizations such as the American Medical Association (AMA) and World Health Organization (WHO) classify infertility as a disease, the U.S. has not federally mandated insurance coverage for infertility. Currently, only 15 states require insurance companies to offer some type of fertility benefit and these requirements vary across states. This paper discusses the need to federally mandate insurance coverage for infertility in the U.S. Infertility not only causes devastating outcomes for individual families, but affects nearly all demographics across the world. However, national legislation on infertility coverage continues to fail the many couples who suffer from this condition. The paper concludes with implications for social work practice and recommends ways social workers can support this policy movement. Social workers have an ethical duty not only to address clients’ mental and emotional needs, but also to be at the frontlines of policy and to advocate for federal insurance coverage for clients who desperately want to realize their dream of conceiving a child.
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White, Janine A., and Laetitia C. Rispel. "Policy exclusion or confusion? Perspectives on universal health coverage for migrants and refugees in South Africa." Health Policy and Planning 36, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 1292–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab038.
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Abstract Notwithstanding the promise of the inclusivity of universal health coverage (UHC), the integration of migrants and refugees into host countries’ health systems remains elusive and contested. In South Africa, there is insufficient scholarly attention on UHC, migrants and refugees, given the country’s strategic importance in Africa and the envisaged implementation of the National Health Insurance (NHI) system. In this paper, a social exclusion conceptual framework is used to explore whether South African legislation, health policies and perspectives or actions of health policy actors facilitate UHC for migrants and refugees or exacerbate their exclusion. We combined a review of legislation and policies since 1994, with semi-structured interviews with 18 key informants from government, academia, civil society organizations and a United Nations organization. We used thematic analysis to identify themes and sub-themes from the qualitative data. The South African Constitution and the National Health Act facilitate UHC, while the Immigration Act and the 2019 NHI Bill make the legal status of migrants the most significant determinant of healthcare access. This legislative disjuncture is exacerbated by variations in content, interpretation and/or implementation of policies at the provincial level. Resource constraints in the public health sector contribute to the perceived dysfunctionality of the public healthcare system, which affects the financial classification, quality of care and access for all public sector patients. However, migrants and refugees bear the brunt of the reported dysfunctionality, in addition to experiences of medical xenophobia. These issues need to be addressed to ensure that South Africa’s quest for UHC expressed through the NHI system is realized.
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Brauns, Melody, and Anne Stanton. "Governance of the public health sector during Apartheid: The case of South Africa." Journal of Governance and Regulation 5, no. 1 (2016): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v5_i1_p3.
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The healthcare system that the African National Congress (ANC) government inherited in 1994 can hardly be described as functional. Indeed the new government had inherited a combination of deliberate official policy, discriminatory legislation and at times blatant neglect. This paper presents an overview of the evolution of the healthcare system in South Africa. The structures set up under apartheid had implications for provision of public healthcare to South Africans and reveals how governance structures, systems and processes set up during apartheid had implications for the provision of public healthcare to South Africans.
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Hogan, M. "Mental health reform under policy mainstreaming: needed, but uncertain." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 23, no. 1 (November 13, 2013): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796013000632.
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October 2013 marks the 50th anniversary of President John F. Kennedy's message to the US Congress on the need to reform mental healthcare. Much has changed in that time. In 2006, Frank and Glied summarized these changes and the forces behind them, finding that the well-being of people with mental illness was ‘better but not well.’ They also conclude that most improvements have been due to ‘mainstreaming,’ the inclusion of those with mental illness in broad reforms such as Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security. With the gradual assimilation of mental health concerns, leadership and resources into mainstream programmes and agencies, future improvements will require that these programmes are accessible and oriented to people with mental illness. The passage of broad health reform legislation in 2010 (the Affordable Care Act) reinforces this change; several of its provisions attempt to make healthcare more relevant to the population with mental illness. In this editorial, I discuss a set of challenges which remain for the population with mental illness in the healthcare system, and the prospects for change. These challenges include: (1) improving basic mental healthcare in primary care, (2) improving mental healthcare for children, (3) earlier detection and treatment of psychotic illness, (4) disability and unemployment and (5) the challenge of sustaining an adequate, speciality public mental healthcare system under conditions of mainstreaming. In general, I conclude that the prospects for successful reform are uncertain. Establishing mental healthcare specialization in mainstream systems has not been notably successful to date.
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Mueller, Debjani. "Addressing the challenges of implementing a Health Technology Assessment Policy Framework in South Africa." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 36, no. 4 (August 2020): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462320000562.
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ObjectiveSouth Africa's commitment to progressively achieve universal health coverage can lead to the effective and appropriate use of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) to strengthen the healthcare system. The study aimed to analyze the challenges faced in the formal implementation and utilization of HTA in the public health sector.MethodsReview and analysis of health technology policies and legislation introduced in South Africa since 1965 serves as the backbone of this study. Walt and Gilson's health policy triangle framework and Kingdon's model were used for data analysis. In addition, a semi-structured survey was conducted among key stakeholders, including those attending HTA workshops that were held in 2016 and 2017.ResultsThe document review identified appropriate legislative and policy framework for informing healthcare decisions. Survey participants (n = 55) reported limited political support, local capacity, and awareness of HTA as barriers to implementing HTA. They noted that adequate financial resources and availability and sharing of quality data are primary drivers for HTA development. Effective governance, collaboration, and cooperation between key stakeholders of the healthcare system were suggested as possible ways forward for the institutionalization of HTA.ConclusionThe South African government's goal to introduce the national health insurance program provides an excellent opportunity to formally introduce the use of HTA in decision making. Individual capacity development supported by institutional and organizational environments is urgently needed to achieve its full potential.
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Gottardi, Francesca. "Down Syndrome Legislation in the U.S. and Italy: A Comparison." Milan Law Review 2, no. 2 (February 22, 2022): 74–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/milanlawreview/17393.
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How do we guarantee dignity and quality of life to individuals with Down syndrome? If a family cannot commit to granting a dignified life, or if there are other health concerns at issue, how do we balance the right of the mother, parents, and unborn child? This article offers a comparative perspective of the disability legal framework in the U.S. and Italy, focusing on Down syndrome. In Italy, healthcare is public and universal, while in the United States healthcare is mostly privatized. In this context, in the U.S. people with mental and physical disabilities are particularly vulnerable due to the high costs of healthcare, stigma, and the need for additional advocacy. This work compares the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the U.S., the Legge 104/1992 in Italy, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) internationally. Numerous policy considerations impact the lives of individuals with Down syndrome, from conception to delivery, and from early childhood throughout development. There is a controversial legal debate concerning abortion if the fetus has an identified genetic abnormality. Additionally, once individuals with Down syndrome are born, how does the legal framework support these children and their families? Law and policy regarding access to care make a big difference in the quality of life of people with Down syndrome. At first glance, the standpoint of protecting and supporting a child with Down syndrome, and that of protecting the parents' right to terminate a pregnancy, might seem antithetical. However, they are, in fact, part of the same (difficult) conversation. By adopting a person-centered approach, paired with a relationship-centered care approach, we can pursue the holistic and humanistic ideals that our society aspires to achieve.
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Kryzhevskyi, A. "CURRENT ISSUES OF IMPROVEMENT OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF HEALTHCARE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 117 (2021): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2021/2.117-9.
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The article is dedicated to the issues of legal medical sphere regulation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study current issues of improving the Ukrainian legislation in the field of health care, to identify existing problems and outline the ways to solve them.The study of legal phenomena and legal categories was carried out through using general and special legal methods of cognition, namely: classification method, modeling, specific-statistical, systematical-structural, comparative-legal, formal-legal, dialectical and other methods of scientific analysis according to the research subject. Conclusions. The article asserts that for the effective reform of the medical sector and for sufficient protection of legal entities' rights and freedoms in the health care field, a high-quality regulatory framework is needed. It has been proven that the improvement of the current healthcare legislation is complicated by the complex essence of legal relations in this area and the lack of a clear and systematic approach. It is substantiated the expediency of passing the special consolidated legislative act with a clear internal structure – the Medical Code of Ukraine. The author proposes to amend provisions regulating the protection of personal data, epidemiological surveillance and infection control. The adoption of the law on medical self-government and development of modern industry standards for medical care is substantiated. The problems of industry staffing, as well as the lack of strategic documents for the training for health workers and imperfect instructions for managers of several health care institutions are analyzed. The author also identifies the main problems of personnel policy in the healthcare. The author specifies the necessity to unite the efforts of scientists and practitioners in the medicine and jurisprudence for solving all the individual problems on improving the regulatory framework in the field of health care. Keywords: medical reform, healthcare, regulatory act, legislation, Medical code, medical self-government, medical standard, COVID-19, declaration.
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Bikava, Ieva, and Ilga Kreituse. "How will future health policy impact on regional disparities and healthcare in Latvia." SHS Web of Conferences 68 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196802001.
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Latvia is a country with high level of regional disparities and as researches have approved – income, education, and environment significantly affect the status of people's health. The reforms in healthcare have been carried out under the flags of accessibility, efficiency, effectiveness, and quality since 1991. Some groups support the idea that the state should take over almost all services, the others claim that more responsibilities should be transferred to the private sector, and dispute on service provider network and financing system. In accordance with the coalition theory and legislation of Latvia, the initiators and designers of the structural reforms are politicians, elected by the citizens. In theory, every politician represents the political party with its ideology and vision that is expressed in the Programme of the party. Due to Parliament elections in 2018, to understand which way the country will go, and how the chosen strategy will impact on the regional disparities, analysis of the middle-term development strategy was made. Research results showed that political parties in Latvia are not based on the ideology and the strategical development vision of the State, so the development and changes made in legislation are mainly ad-hoc decisions or the result of lobbying activities of influential groups. Due to the lack of middle term vision as the gap between long-term development strategy and short-term decisions, unfortunately, the prognosis of future health politics leads to the conclusion that regional disparities and the problem with Health care accessibility in next decades will only rise.
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Krmpotic, Kristina, Cynthia Isenor, and Stephen Beed. "Deceased organ donation in Nova Scotia: Presumed consent and system transformation." Healthcare Management Forum 33, no. 5 (April 23, 2020): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470420919129.
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In recent years, rates of deceased organ donation in Nova Scotia have remained stagnant, falling behind provinces that have invested in their organ donation programs. The Nova Scotia provincial government has recently committed to health system transformation, which will include enactment of presumed consent legislation in 2020. Although impressive rates of deceased organ donation are often observed in countries with presumed consent legislation, improvements in performance can more often be attributed to the accompanying health system transformation. Key components of high performing deceased organ donation systems include highly trained organ donation specialists, practice guidelines, healthcare professional education, performance metric reviews, accountability frameworks, and public awareness campaigns in addition to adequate legislation. For Nova Scotia’s organ donation program to succeed, the provincial government must also invest the frontline financial resources required to develop and maintain adequate program infrastructure and implement key strategies to support a culture of donation.
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Tanenbaum, Sandra. "Person-centered health policy in the US: the case of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 4, no. 2 (July 26, 2016): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v4i2.1068.
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The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, known as PCORI, was created by the U.S. healthcare reform legislation of 2010. The Affordable Care Act (ACA), sometimes referred to as “Obamacare,” provided for a public-private institute concerned primarily with funding and guiding comparative effectiveness research. Through a uniquely American blend of anti-statist ideology, corporate interest and disability activism, the determination of comparative effectiveness would also be tasked with patient-centeredness, a concept which PCORI has defined and operationalized. This represents a step toward person-centered healthcare, but unresolved issues of true personalization remain.
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Greenwald, Howard Peter. "Management challenges in British Columbia’s healthcare system." Journal of Health Organization and Management 31, no. 4 (June 19, 2017): 418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-03-2017-0059.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the operational and management challenges in a globally budgeted, regionalized healthcare system and their implications for public service. Design/methodology/approach Concentrating on British Columbia’s regional health authorities (RHAs) and hospitals, this study utilized data from interviews of key informants, documents (histories, legislation, agreements between RHAs and provincial government, and RHA organizational charts), news reports, and participant observation at board meetings. Findings Challenges encountered by the managers include accommodating powerful stakeholders (elected officials, providers, and organized publics), adhering to fixed budgets, obtaining capital from public sources, and adjusting to government turnover. In response, the managers engage in balancing priorities of stakeholders, shifting of resources within and across sites and operating units, and working strategically with the capital allocation process. Responses of managers to these challenges have promoted stability but raise concerns about attaining the system’s goals. Practical implications Management challenges and potential patterns of response should be considered in assessing the options for health system reforms. Many countries periodically reorganize their healthcare systems, and recognition of potential management challenges can contribute to the achievement of objectives sought in these reforms. Originality/value Although studies have demonstrated that management affects the implementation of public programs in several areas, little research has focused on the relationships between features of health systems, management responses, and potential outcomes.
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Jørgensen, Torben, Anne Hvenegaard, and Finn Børlum Kristensen. "HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DENMARK." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 16, no. 2 (April 2000): 347–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300101047.
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The Danish healthcare services are mainly provided by public sector institutions. The system is highly decentralized. The state has little direct influence on the provision of healthcare services. State influence is exercised through legislation and budget allocations. The main task of the state is to initiate, co-ordinate, and advise. Counties, which run the hospitals, also decide on the placement of services. The hospital sector is controlled within the framework of legislation and global budgets. General practitioners occupy a central position in the Danish healthcare sector, acting as gatekeepers to the rest of the system. The system works well, and its structure has resulted in steady costs of health care for a long period. There is no regulatory mechanism in the Danish health services requiring use of health technology assessment (HTA) as a basis for policy decisions, planning, or administrative procedures. However, since the late 1970s a number of comprehensive assessments of health technology have formed the basis for national health policy decisions. In 1997, after years of public criticism of the quality of hospital care and health technologies, and on the basis of a previously developed national HTA strategy, a national institute for HTA (DIHTA) was established. There seems to be a growing awareness of evidence-based healthcare among health professionals and a general acceptance of health economic analyses as a basis for health policy decision making. This progress is coupled with growing regional HTA activity in the health services. HTA seems to have a bright future in Denmark.
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Abbing, Henriette Roscam. "Medical Confidentiality and Patient Safety: Reporting Procedures." European Journal of Health Law 21, no. 3 (June 11, 2014): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341319.
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Medical confidentiality is of individual and of general interest. Medical confidentiality is not absolute. European countries differ in their legislative approaches of consent for data-sharing and lawful breaches of medical confidentiality. An increase of interference by the legislator with medical confidentiality is noticeable. In the Netherlands for instance this takes the form of new mandatory duties to report resp. of legislation providing for a release of medical confidentiality in specific situations, often under the condition that reporting takes place on the basis of a professional code that includes elements imposed by the legislator (e.g. (suspicion of ) child abuse, domestic violence). Legislative interference must not result in the patient loosing trust in healthcare. To avoid erosion of medical confidentiality, (comparative) effectiveness studies and privacy impact assessments are necessary (European and national level). Medical confidentiality should be a subject of permanent education of health personnel.
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TICHTCHENKO, PAVEL. "Changing Roles in Russian Healthcare." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12, no. 3 (July 2003): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180103123080.
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In the early 1990s, the primary problem in Russian bioethics was to gain the attention and recognition of the public and the medical establishment. Very few people were even familiar with the word “bioethics.” Within medical education, only a paternalistic and scholastic “medical deontology” was viewed as the professionally acceptable way to deal with the existing moral problems. The public was ignorant of the rights of patients and consumers of medical services. The usual way of resolving conflicts between patients and physicians was to complain to medical authorities. Very few cases of disputes were brought to the courts. Representatives of religious groups did not participate in discussions involving dilemmas generated by progress in biomedical technologies, and they did not seek to influence legislation in this area.
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Weber, Stephen G., Susan S. Huang, Shannon Oriola, W. Charles Huskins, Gary A. Noskin, Kathleen Harriman, Russell N. Olmsted, et al. "Legislative Mandates for Use of Active Surveillance Cultures to Screen for Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci: Position Statement From the Joint SHEA and APIC Task Force." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 28, no. 3 (March 2007): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/512261.
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Legislation aimed at controlling antimicrobial-resistant pathogens through the use of active surveillance cultures to screen hospitalized patients has been introduced in at least 2 US states. In response to the proposed legislation, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Association of Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) have developed this joint position statement. Both organizations are dedicated to combating healthcare-associated infections with a wide array of methods, including the use of active surveillance cultures in appropriate circumstances. This position statement reviews the proposed legislation and the rationale for use of active surveillance cultures, examines the scientific evidence supporting the use of this strategy, and discusses a number of unresolved issues surrounding legislation mandating use of active surveillance cultures. The following 5 consensus points are offered. (1) Although reducing the burden of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, including methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), is of preeminent importance, APIC and SHEA do not support legislation to mandate use of active surveillance cultures to screen for MRSA, VRE, or other antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. (2) SHEA and APIC support the continued development, validation, and application of efficacious and cost-effective strategies for the prevention of infections caused by MRSA, VRE, and other antimicrobial-resistant and antimicrobial-susceptible pathogens. (3) APIC and SHEA welcome efforts by healthcare consumers, together with private, local, state, and federal policy makers, to focus attention on and formulate solutions for the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections. (4) SHEA and APIC support ongoing additional research to determine and optimize the appropriateness, utility, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of using active surveillance cultures to screen both lower-risk and high-risk populations. (5) APIC and SHEA support stronger collaboration between state and local public health authorities and institutional infection prevention and control experts.
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Jamieson, Maggie, Alison Wicks, and Tara Boulding. "Becoming environmentally sustainable in healthcare: an overview." Australian Health Review 39, no. 4 (2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14086.
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This paper provides an overview of environmental sustainability in healthcare and highlights the need for a policy framework for action. Examples from overseas demonstrate what has effectively enabled mitigation of and adaptation to the threat of climate change. The need to overcome perceived limits and barriers to health professionals’ engagement in sustainable practice is noted. The scientific evidence recommends immediate action. What is known about the topic? Climate change has negative impacts on human health. There are co-benefits in mitigating and adapting to climate change that will benefit both humans and health systems, increasing wellbeing, financial and health system efficiency. There is a need for health professionals to engage with sustainability. Australia’s health policy makers could learn useful lessons about how to be sustainable from the significant policy and legislation work occurring elsewhere. What does this paper add? This paper reports on the context of and need for becoming sustainable in healthcare. It provides brief examples of what has occurred in other countries and advocates for a policy framework to support further action in Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? The significance of this paper is that it notes the need for a consistent, whole-of-country approach to carbon reduction in many aspects of the healthcare system. From an increased preventative focus on population health, coupled with actions in patient care, and developing a whole-of-healthcare-system approach, benefits will be realised that serve to reduce carbon emission, thereby tackling the longer-term effects of climate change. This view is supported by the noted success of increasing sustainable health system actions in the United Kingdom National Health Service and elsewhere.
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Vidalis, Takis, and Irini Kyriakaki. "Cross-border Healthcare: Directive 2011/24 and the Greek Law." European Journal of Health Law 21, no. 1 (February 13, 2014): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341304.
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Abstract The Greek legal framework on healthcare is characterized by the complexity of an immense number of laws and regulatory acts, particularly regarding the national health system. In the face front of that problem, the Directive stands as an effort (and an opportunity) to achieve a regulatory rationalization. The Law 3918/2011 established the National Organisation for Healthcare (eopyy). eopyy is the unique national contact point in the country for the purposes of the Directive, having a responsibility to ensure that the services provided by its affiliated healthcare providers meet certain quality and safety standards. Furthermore, the Greek legal system encompasses an integrated body of legislation on informed consent, privacy, and data protection, as well as an explicit reference to the ‘quality, safety and efficiency’ of medical services, and provisions related to reimbursement issues that need further regulatory specification.
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Petracci, Fernando, Chirag Ghai, Andrew Pangilinan, Luis Alberto Suarez, Roberto Uehara, and Marwan Ghosn. "Use of real-world evidence for oncology clinical decision making in emerging economies." Future Oncology 17, no. 22 (August 2021): 2951–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon-2021-0425.
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Real-world evidence (RWE) can provide insights into patient profiles, disease detection, treatment choice, dosing strategies, treatment sequencing, adverse event management and financial toxicity associated with oncology treatment. However, the full potential of RWE is untapped in emerging economies due to structural and behavioral factors. Structural barriers include lack of regulatory engagement, real-world data availability, quality and integrity. Behavioral barriers include entrenched healthcare professional behaviors that impede rapid RWE understanding and adoption. These barriers can be addressed with close collaboration of healthcare stakeholders; of whom, regulators need to be at the forefront given their ability to facilitate use of RWE in healthcare policy and legislation.
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Malovecka, Ivona, Konstantinos Papargyris, Daniela Minarikova, Viliam Foltan, and Anezka Jankovska. "Impact of new healthcare legislation and price policy on healthcare services provider at the time of financial crisis. A 10 years study." Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 16, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v16i1.1040.
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Monitoring, calculation and assessment of healthcare services prosperity in the community pharmacy with the help of financial analysis indicators for the years 2003-2012, using financial statements was conducted, with respect to profitability, debt, liquidity, working capital, and efficiency parameters. These ratios reflect various changes that hold between years 2003 and 2012. Under the time of financial crisis, recession and serious socio-economic changes the profitability parameter Gross Profit ranged from 2003-2011 = 16.12-22.79% (average = 19.20%; mean = 19.78%; σ = 2.41), but in 2012 decreased on 14.35%. Net Profit ranged 2003-2011 = 10.96-18.3% (average = 14.62%; mean = 16.62%; σ = 4.92), while in 2012 reached only 2.29%. Debt ratio ranged from 2003-2012= 2.33-4.81 (average = 3.44; mean = 3.07; σ = 0.82). Liquidity parameters Current Ratio spread between 2003-2012 = 1.13-1.71 (average = 1.43; mean = 1.46; σ = 0.15) and Quick Ratio spread between 2003-2012 = 0.72-1.27 (average = 1.07; mean = 1.09; σ = 0.15). Working Capital Ratio ranged from 2003-2012 = 2.66-12.94 (average = 9.58; mean = 10.06; σ = 3.1) and efficiency ratios were measured either. All changes that have taken place in the society had an impact on community pharmacy finance by worsening its profitability, liquidity, working capital and some of efficiency parameters. Therefore the stability of community pharmacy may be threatened and may affect its future performance.
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Rabrenovic, Mihajlo, Perisa Simonovic, and Dusan Cogoljevic. "Optimization strategies for the organization of mental healthcare." International Journal for Quality in Health Care 32, no. 6 (July 1, 2020): 412–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzaa061.
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Abstract Aim The aim of this paper is to analyse the main issues and obstacles to optimizing the organization of mental healthcare and the strategies that should be applied by presenting the examples from practice. Results Outcomes of mental healthcare are in relation with ‘improved legislation’ and the introduction of up-to-date management and economic concepts including continuous treatment model, in addition to the advantages and disadvantages in the provision of mental healthcare within primary and secondary inpatient and outpatient healthcare. Some of these lessons are learned from reforms implemented in Serbia.
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Georgescu, Dan, and Anne Styp von Rekowski. "The Swiss mental healthcare system for people with intellectual disabilities." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 12, no. 3/4 (July 2, 2018): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-04-2018-0020.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the mental healthcare system for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Switzerland. It covers the current provision of mental healthcare services as well as educational and research aspects, and summarises both the historical development and the current data on demography, health economics, legislation and national policy. Design/methodology/approach The authors performed an extensive literature research and evaluated the (very sparse) literature, conducted some interviews with recognised experts and carried out extensive internet-based research on the topic. Findings There are numerous, well-funded, well-staffed and well-equipped facilities for people with ID. These facilities have highly trained special education teachers and social education workers. Legislation, the insurance system as well as the policies and strategies on a national level are basically in line with people’s with ID needs. On the other hand, there are too few specialist physicians and psychologists, not enough training centres and too few specialist psychiatric services, both inpatient and outpatient. Medical and psychological research in this field is also insufficient. Practical implications In Switzerland, the development of treatment facilities typically does not start with a decision by a central authority to implement a policy in a top-down process. Usually, these organisations develop on the basis of some local initiatives and spread throughout the country. The process is likely to be similar in the case of services for people with mental health and intellectual disabilities (MHID), and the situation can be expected to be much better throughout the country within a few years. Furthermore, specific training programmes are expected to be created for physicians and psychologists of various disciplines, to promote an interdisciplinary approach. Originality/value This review fills a gap in that there are very few published reviews on the provision of MHID services in Switzerland.
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Терзі, О. О. "THE WAYS TO IMPROVE LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT IN THE FIELD OF HEALTHCARE." Juridical science, no. 3(105) (March 30, 2020): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32844/2222-5374-2020-105-3.36.
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The relevance of the article is that the continuation of health care reform implies the need to adjust public policy in accordance with the identified real problems and shortcomings, to develop proposals for their elimination. The reform of the health care system in Ukraine is generally carried out according to the European model and standards. The practical experience of this process has shown the lack of a comprehensive approach to solving many problems, not taking into account all the factors of political, organizational, legal, logistical nature during its implementation. The information support of the reform is insufficient, hence the incomprehensibility for the population of some of its aspects and as a consequence of non-acceptance. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems and shortcomings of health care reform and to make proposals for improving the legal regulation of administrative management in this area. The problems and shortcomings of the first and second stages of health care reform are studied. The main ones are: lack of purposeful state policy, omissions and shortcomings of medical legislation, problems of legal regulation on the introduction of family medicine, financial support of health care, free choice of the doctor by the patient, etc. The ways of their elimination are considered, first of all by adjusting the state policy in accordance with the realities of the set goals, goals, principles, tasks of health care reform. It is concluded that the main problems in the field of health care today are factors of political, organizational, legal, logistical nature. The main directions of improving the legal regulation of administrative management in the field of health care are the adjustment of state policy on the goals, objectives, principles, objectives and the adoption of a single comprehensive legislative act that would regulate relations in the field of primary, secondary (specialized), tertiary (highly specialized) medical care.
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McCue, Michael J., James E. Pawlukiewicz, and Steve R. Eastaugh. "Effects of Price Regulation on Stock Returns of Publicly Traded Companies in the Healthcare Industry." Health Services Management Research 6, no. 3 (August 1993): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095148489300600306.
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During the 1980s, governmental changes were enacted to suppress the rising costs of healthcare. The primary forms of legislation were the implementation of the Prospective Payment System (PPS), the passage of Deficit Reduction Act and the proposal to shift capital costs to a prospective payment system. The main emphasis of the study is to examine the price reaction of hospital management companies for the above governmental changes. Using an intervention analysis, the findings show that the market reacted negatively at the passage of PPS and the future proposal to implement capital costs on a prospective basis for hospital management companies. In addition, hospital management companies level of risk increased for all the key event dates.
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George, Sanju, and Alex Copello. "Treatment provision for Britain's problem gamblers: present gaps and future opportunities." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 17, no. 5 (September 2011): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.111.009159.
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SummaryDespite Britain's high prevalence of problem gambling, its liberal gambling legislation, a rapidly expanding online gambling industry and the impending opening of casinos across the country, treatment provision is grossly inadequate. We discuss some of the present gaps and future opportunities in treating Britain's problem gamblers, and urge Britain's healthcare policy makers, gambling regulators, service commissioners and service providers to do more to help them.
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Montanari Vergallo, Gianluca, and Antonio G. Spagnolo. "Informed Consent and Advance Care Directives: Cornerstones and Outstanding Issues in the Newly Enacted Italian Legislation." Linacre Quarterly 86, no. 2-3 (March 29, 2019): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0024363919837863.
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This article’s authors delve into, and comment on, some of the key provisions within law no. 219, passed in 2017, which came into full effect in 2018. The legislation presents several innovative aspects: (a) communication time is equated to care; (b) patients may turn down lifesaving treatments, yet doctors must put in place all suitable support processes, from a psychological standpoint as well, in order to make sure that patients make informed decisions in full awareness; (c) refusal to treatment may be expressed prior to the onset of the disease making the patient incapable, as long as the advance directive is laid out by a mentally capable adult who has been provided with all relevant medical information available as to the consequence of a refusal to undergo a given treatment; (d) artificial nutrition and hydration are tantamount to treatment; thus, they may not be carried out and kept in place in absence of valid consent; (e) patients may appoint a healthcare proxy holder, tasked with interacting with doctors and caregivers and expressing consent or refusal; (f) patient will, whether current or advance, must be complied with even under emergency or urgency conditions, provided that clinical conditions and circumstances make it possible to acquire it; (g) doctors may disregard advance directives only when specifically provided for by the law; (h) patients may not demand treatment deemed to be illegal or running counter to ethical codes or scientific evidence. The new legislation, therefore, is meant to uphold the right to exercise self-determination as well as the patient’s quality of life, yet ensuring that doctors remain fully capable of making the decisions that they are best positioned to. Summary: The Italian Parliament has for the first time regulated the issue of consent and refusal of healthcare treatments, whether currently expressed or advance. This article elaborates on recent Italian legislation that details a patient's right to consent to or refuse treatment in advance, including refusal of artificial nutrition and hydration, the duty of doctors in the event of an emergency, the shared planning treatment, the role of durable power of attorney, and advance healthcare directives.
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Kazakov, Rossen. "Pricing and Reimbursement Policies in New EU Accession Countries." Journal of Generic Medicines: The Business Journal for the Generic Medicines Sector 4, no. 4 (July 2007): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jgm.4950068.
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This paper aims to provide an informative and analytical view on healthcare policies on pricing and reimbursement in new accession countries, their reflection by the new national drugs legislations, and pricing and reimbursement policies, constraints and opportunities for the EU generic medicines producers. It is driven by the belief that having a greater understanding will help the pricing and reimbursement strategy planning process, and will enhance companies' performance while achieving greater awareness of the influence of the health policy factors in the region. A major stress is put on the process of change and the need for reformation of the healthcare policies on pricing and reimbursement, coming out of the EU enlargement process and legislation harmonisation. A snapshot is given of current pricing and reimbursement models together with a look at the Central and Eastern Europe drugs markets recent figures. Cost containment measures like economic evaluation of drugs, cross-countries price comparisons and parallel trade, and the slide from a branded to unbranded generics market are highlighted as the major factors that generic companies should take into account in the near future.
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Olsena, Solvita. "Implementation of the Patients’ Rights in Cross-border Healthcare Directive in Latvia." European Journal of Health Law 21, no. 1 (February 13, 2014): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341306.
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Abstract Latvia, being one of the eu Member States, has an obligation to implement the rules stated by the Directive 2011/24/eu on Patients’ Rights in Cross-border Healthcare (hereinafter — the Directive) before 25 October 2013 in existing national legislation and practice. Implementation was carried out under pressured circumstances. A National Contact Point has been established, information is provided for patients in Latvian and to some extent in English, the Medical Treatment Risk Fund will start operations to provide compensation for harm, and the restrictions and procedure for prior authorisation have been stated. The need to secure quality of care and patient safety and well as privacy protection are the most challenging tasks for Latvia. It can be concluded that some progress in patients’ rights can be achieved, but it is doubtful if patients’ mobility will be stimulated.
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Shah, Ajit, and Chris Heginbotham. "What factors are associated with the presence of mental health legislation? A cross-national study." International Psychiatry 5, no. 3 (July 2008): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600002113.
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The World Health Report 2001, dedicated to mental health, identified several important factors for improving mental health services (World Health Organization, 2001): the policy and legislative framework; community mental health services; provision of mental healthcare within primary care; human resources; public education; links with other sectors; and monitoring and research. Moreover, national mental health policies and national implementation programmes for these policies are vital for the improvement of mental health services (World Health Organization, 2004; Jacob et al, 2007).
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Harrison, Abigail, Joi Chambers, and Sheila Campbell-Forrester. "Adolescent health in the Caribbean region: insights from the Jamaican experience." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 28, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2016-5018.
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Abstract Adolescent health in Jamaica and the wider English-speaking Caribbean has over the past three decades advanced in achieving improved healthcare services for adolescents. The path taken to achieve success thus far is reviewed – including a historical perspective on the services offered, revision of the relevant policy and legislation frameworks, improved service delivery through education and training of relevant stakeholders and providers, improved youth participation, and sustained involvement of advocates.
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Adigwe, Obi Peter. "Stakeholders’ Perspective of Role of Policy and Legislation in Achieving Medicines’ Security." International Journal of World Policy and Development Studies, no. 66 (August 8, 2020): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ijwpds.66.66.73.
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Background: The role of the pharmaceutical industry in a country such as Nigeria in the provision of safe, high quality and efficacious pharmaceutical products to meet the healthcare need of the populace, cannot be over-emphasized. This study was undertaken to critically look at the issues affecting Medicines’ Security in Nigeria. Methods: A self-completion questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was administered to participants of an Industry event in September 2017. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science. Results: A total number of 800 questionnaires were administered to the participants and 529 of the questionnaires were included for analysis. Male participants (58.6%) were more than female participants, all age groups were well represented and more than a third of the respondents had first degree as their minimum qualification. Majority of the respondents (91.3%) indicated that Ministry of Health and its agencies were key to protecting the pharmaceutical sector, while slightly less of that proportion (79.1%) indicated that they patronized Nigeria pharmaceutical products. Almost all the participants (91.7%) supported the need for the local pharmaceutical industry to have access to sustainable funding and other incentives. A similar proportion (89.6%) of the respondents indicated that the local pharmaceutical industry should be prioritized in policy making and implementation. A significant proportion of the study participants (82.3%) indicated that access to medicines in Nigeria is a security issue. Conclusion: To ensure Medicines’ Security and attain medicines self-sufficiency in Nigeria, radical policies must therefore be put in place, together with enabling good business and industrial environment by the government in order to protect, promote and grow the local pharmaceutical industry in Nigeria.
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Ceccato, Natalie, and Courtney Price. "When personal health data is no longer “personal”." Healthcare Management Forum 32, no. 6 (August 1, 2019): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470419865851.
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Enacted in 2000, the Canadian Personal Health Information Protection and Electronics Documents Act is an important piece of legislation aimed at safeguarding an individual’s right to control their personal health information. Since this time, the world of data and analytics has shifted in terms of our potential to collect, integrate, and analyze both structured and unstructured data. The implications for these data advancements are endless for our healthcare system; however, challenges influenced by our approach to collecting, accessing, and analyzing data as well as patient consent to share personal health information mean public entities lag behind commercial players in harnessing these potential benefits. While there are examples of data analytics application successes, Canadian healthcare continues to lag behind other countries and commercial sectors. We are at a pivot point for system improvements requiring a collective approach to collection, storage, linkage, and application of personal healthcare data. In the chasm of this rests how we address patient consent. All health leaders can play a central role in advancing our application of data for system improvements. Strategies to support health leaders in achieving this potential are outlined in this article.
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Chen, En Chi. "Syrian Refugee Access to and Quality of Healthcare in Turkey." International Perspectives in Psychology 10, no. 1 (January 2021): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2157-3891/a000005.
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Abstract. Although Turkey affirms the right to health regardless of citizenship status, as defined by the Declaration of Human Rights, there are gaps in the legislation and administration regarding the conditions for which an individual must fulfill as a Syrian refugee to access healthcare in Turkey ( Mardin, 2017 ). One of the greatest healthcare access barriers is not gaining status under the temporary protection regulation (TPR) as a Syrian refugee ( Mardin, 2017 ). Even after gaining status under the TPR, individuals are bound to the city in which they have registered and are designated, outside of which they are ineligible for healthcare ( Mardin, 2017 ). This limits the autonomy of the individual when making appropriate resettlement decisions within Turkey. This process also poses an additional burden on healthcare professionals to act as healthcare access “gatekeeper” ( Mardin, 2017 ). This policy brief seeks to outline both the challenges Syrian refugees face in accessing quality healthcare in Turkey and provide reformation suggestions to allow for a more streamlined approach. Furthermore, suggestions are made with consideration of lessening the burden of Turkey’s healthcare system as the host country.
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Taleb, Ahmad S., and Ameen Talib. "A Note on Intertemporal Discounting and Nudging." Management and Organizational Studies 6, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/mos.v6n2p24.
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Several challenges and rising costs are facing the healthcare industry today. Some of these health costs are a direct consequence of lifestyle choices such as unhealth diets, obesity and smoking. These challenges can be managed if policy makers have the tools to influence and alter people’s behaviour. The conventional tools used for influencing behaviour include legislation, regulation and information provision. Recently, interest has been shown in policies that ‘nudge’ people in particular directions.
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Attoe, C., M. Fisher, A. Vishwas, and S. Cross. "Mental health simulation training in psychiatric skills for police and ambulance service personnel." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.942.
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IntroductionUK healthcare policy has highlighted a shift in mental health services from hospital to community, stressing the importance of training for professions not traditionally associated with healthcare. Recommendations have been made to introduce training for the police force designed with experts. Similarly, the value of further training for ambulance clinicians in assessing mental health, capacity, and understanding legislation has been highlighted.AimsTo investigate the effect of simulation training on the confidence, knowledge, and human factors skills of police and ambulance service personnel in working with people experiencing mental health conditions.MethodsOn completion of data collection from 14 training courses, approximately 90 police and 90 ambulance personnel (n = 180) will have completed the human factors skills for healthcare instrument, confidence and knowledge self-report measures, and post-course qualitative evaluation forms. A version of the hfshi for non-clinical professions will hopefully be validated following data collection. Results will also be compared by profession.ResultsAnalyses have not been fully completed, although preliminary statistical analyses demonstrate promising findings, with increases post-course for human factors skills, confidence and knowledge. Furthermore, qualitative feedback initially illustrates valuable learning outcomes and interesting findings from comparisons by professions.ConclusionsMental health simulation training appears to have a promising impact on the confidence, knowledge, and human factors skills of police and ambulance personnel for working with people experiencing mental health conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.