Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Healthcare Design for Children'
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1
Allsop, Matthew John. "Involving children in the design of healthcare technology." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1000/.
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Although children are potential end users of healthcare technology, very little research has investigated their role in its design. Subsequently, very little guidance and few research methods are available for designers of healthcare technology to use in practice. Given that research involving funding from public sector sources in the United Kingdom calls for the compulsory addition of user involvement, there is a need to explore the most suitable methods to ensure the involvement of child populations in the design of healthcare technology. The first stage of the research explored the use of four interview methods for involving children in healthcare technology design. Personal and environmental factors influencing child involvement were examined, alongside the cost and value of child participation. A framework for examining the use of methods for designing with children was also developed and applied. The experience gathered from involving children in the first stage was used to inform the development of an internet application and practice guidelines in the second stage of the research. The internet application was provided as a means of overcoming a range of barriers to child involvement, including disability. The internet application also provided the opportunity to explore the involvement of children in the evaluation of healthcare technology. The experience gathered throughout all of the research was synthesised to produce guidelines for future research in the area. Although interview methods were used to involve children in the design of healthcare technology, future research should focus on examining a wider range of methods. It is recommended that strategies for validating information gathered from children should also be developed. Such future endeavours could be assisted by the insight provided in the guidelines and experiences formed throughout this research.
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Bishop, Katherine G. "From their perspectives: Children and young people's experience of a paediatric hospital environment and its relationship to their feeling of well-being." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3962.
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This study was conducted to increase our understanding of children and young people’s experience of a hospital environment and to identify the salient attributes of the physical environment in their experience. There were three specific aims: to describe children and young people’s experience of a hospital environment and identify what constitutes a supportive paediatric environment; to examine the role of the physical environment in patients’ feeling of well-being; and to highlight the capacity of participatory research with children and young people to inform evidence-based paediatric design. At this stage, there has been very little healthcare design research carried out with populations of children and young people. Well-being research with children and young people in paediatric environments that identifies the potential supportive attributes in this environment is also very limited. Historically research on children’s health and well-being has been dominated by a focus on the prevalence of disorders, problems and disabilities. More recently, in response to the change to health promotion, positive attributes have been included in well-being and satisfaction measures. At this stage, there are still many fewer positive measures. Within the body of literature that exists in healthcare, healthcare design research, and well-being research, there are only a small number of participatory studies that focus on children and young people’s experience of hospitalisation, and an even smaller number that include children and young people’s experience of hospital environments. The picture that is created by the research that exists is patchy. There is a need for a more holistic understanding of children and young people’s experience of hospitalisation and of hospital environments from their own perspectives. Based on these gaps in current knowledge, two research questions were developed. The first was concerned with describing children and young people’s experience of the sociophysical environment of a paediatric hospital. The second question was concerned with understanding the role of the physical environment in children and young people’s feeling of well-being in a hospital environment. In addressing these questions, the intention was to identify attributes within the hospital setting which collectively comprise a supportive environment for children and young people and which contribute to children and young people’s feeling of well-being in a paediatric setting. The current study was conducted as an exploratory qualitative case study and carried out at the Children’s Hospital at Westmead, in Sydney, Australia. Using participatory research techniques, the sequence of the study included two pilot studies and the main study. The focus was on understanding the experiences of longer-term patients of a paediatric hospital environment. In the main study 25 children and young people, aged between 9-18 years, who had been in hospital for at least a week completed semi-structured interviews in which they talked about their response to the environment of the hospital and their experience of hospitalisation. Data analysis was completed using a combination of concept mapping and thematic analysis techniques. Preliminary findings were used as the basis of a further member-checking task carried out with a further six children and young people before conclusions were reached. The findings reveal that children and young people’s experience of a paediatric setting involves a number of major areas of influence including their personal situation, their social experience, their interaction with the physical environment, opportunities and characteristics of the organisation, and the effect of time. The findings also reveal that children’s feeling of well-being within this experience is linked to their ability to feel comfortable in the environment, to maintain a positive state of mind, and to remain positively engaged with the experience and the environment. This research reveals a dynamic relationship between children and young people and a paediatric environment that children and young people actively manage and shape. It reveals some of the key considerations in children and young people’s experience of hospitalisation. It also reveals why these considerations are important and what role they play in patients’ experience and feeling of well-being. These findings provide the basis for further research and they have implications for future design and research practice in paediatric healthcare settings.
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Bishop, Katherine G. "From their perspectives children and young people's experience of a paediatric hospital environment and its relationship to their feeling of well-being /." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3962.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This study was conducted to increase our understanding of children and young people’s experience of a hospital environment and to identify the salient attributes of the physical environment in their experience. There were three specific aims: to describe children and young people’s experience of a hospital environment and identify what constitutes a supportive paediatric environment; to examine the role of the physical environment in patients’ feeling of well-being; and to highlight the capacity of participatory research with children and young people to inform evidence-based paediatric design. At this stage, there has been very little healthcare design research carried out with populations of children and young people. Well-being research with children and young people in paediatric environments that identifies the potential supportive attributes in this environment is also very limited. Historically research on children’s health and well-being has been dominated by a focus on the prevalence of disorders, problems and disabilities. More recently, in response to the change to health promotion, positive attributes have been included in well-being and satisfaction measures. At this stage, there are still many fewer positive measures. Within the body of literature that exists in healthcare, healthcare design research, and well-being research, there are only a small number of participatory studies that focus on children and young people’s experience of hospitalisation, and an even smaller number that include children and young people’s experience of hospital environments. The picture that is created by the research that exists is patchy. There is a need for a more holistic understanding of children and young people’s experience of hospitalisation and of hospital environments from their own perspectives. Based on these gaps in current knowledge, two research questions were developed. The first was concerned with describing children and young people’s experience of the sociophysical environment of a paediatric hospital. The second question was concerned with understanding the role of the physical environment in children and young people’s feeling of well-being in a hospital environment. In addressing these questions, the intention was to identify attributes within the hospital setting which collectively comprise a supportive environment for children and young people and which contribute to children and young people’s feeling of well-being in a paediatric setting. The current study was conducted as an exploratory qualitative case study and carried out at the Children’s Hospital at Westmead, in Sydney, Australia. Using participatory research techniques, the sequence of the study included two pilot studies and the main study. The focus was on understanding the experiences of longer-term patients of a paediatric hospital environment. In the main study 25 children and young people, aged between 9-18 years, who had been in hospital for at least a week completed semi-structured interviews in which they talked about their response to the environment of the hospital and their experience of hospitalisation. Data analysis was completed using a combination of concept mapping and thematic analysis techniques. Preliminary findings were used as the basis of a further member-checking task carried out with a further six children and young people before conclusions were reached. The findings reveal that children and young people’s experience of a paediatric setting involves a number of major areas of influence including their personal situation, their social experience, their interaction with the physical environment, opportunities and characteristics of the organisation, and the effect of time. The findings also reveal that children’s feeling of well-being within this experience is linked to their ability to feel comfortable in the environment, to maintain a positive state of mind, and to remain positively engaged with the experience and the environment. This research reveals a dynamic relationship between children and young people and a paediatric environment that children and young people actively manage and shape. It reveals some of the key considerations in children and young people’s experience of hospitalisation. It also reveals why these considerations are important and what role they play in patients’ experience and feeling of well-being. These findings provide the basis for further research and they have implications for future design and research practice in paediatric healthcare settings.
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Stålberg, Anna. "Facilitating participation : A joint use of an interactive communication tool by children and professionals in healthcare situations." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Hälsa och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35178.
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Children’s right to participation in situations that matter to them is stated in law and convention texts and is emphasized by the children themselves in research studies, too. When actively involved, their perspective is visualized. Children’s use of interactive technology has increased considerably during the last decade. The use of applications and web sites are becoming a regular occurrence in paediatric healthcare. The overall aim was to develop and test, together with children, an interactive communication tool meant to facilitate young children’s participation in healthcare situations. To understand children’s varied perceptions of their involvement in healthcare situations, interviews, drawings and vignettes were used in a phenomenographic approach (I). A participatory design iteratively evaluated evolving prototypes of an application (II). Video observations and hermeneutics captured the meanings of the participation cues that the children demonstrated when they used the application in healthcare situations (III). A quantitative approach was used to identify patterns in the children’s cue use (IV). In total, 114 children in two clinical settings and in a preschool were involved. The result showed that the children perceived themselves, their parents and the professionals as actors in a healthcare situation, although all were perceived to act differently (I). The children contributed important information on age-appropriateness, usability and likeability in the iterative evaluating phases that eventually ended up in the application (II). When using the application in healthcare situations, the cues they demonstrated were understood as representing a curious, thoughtful or affirmative meaning (III). Curious cues were demonstrated to the highest extent. The three-year-olds and the children with the least experience of healthcare situations demonstrated the highest numbers of cues (IV). Conclusion: when using the application, the children demonstrated a situated participation which was influenced by their perspective of the situation and their inter-inter-action with the application as well as the health professional. The children’s situated participation provided the professionals’ with additional ways of guiding the children based on their perspectives.I lag- och konventionstexter, liksom i forskning, som använder barnens egna uttryck betonas deras rättighet att vara delaktiga i situationer av betydelse för dem. Genom att delta kan de göra sitt perspektiv synligt. Under det senaste årtiondet har barns användning av interaktiv teknik ökat kraftigt. Applikationer och web-sidor används nuförtiden även flitigt inom barnsjukvården. Avhandlingens övergripande syfte var att utveckla och pröva, tillsammans med barn, ett interaktivt kommunikationsverktyg avsett att möjliggöra yngre barns delaktighet i vårdsituationer. Intervjuer, teckningar och vignetter användes för att, fenomenografiskt, förstå barnens uppfattningar av att vara i en vårdsituation (I). En iterativ deltagarbaserad design användes för att utveckla en prototyp av en applikation. En hermeneutisk tolkning av video-observationer fångade meningen i barnens sätt att visa sin delaktighet (hintar) vid användningen av applikationen i vårdsituationer (III). En deduktiv, kvantitativ ansats användes för att identifiera mönster i barnens sätt att visa sin delaktighet när de använde applikationen (IV). Resultatet visade att barnen uppfattade sig själva, föräldrarna och vårdpersonalen som aktörer i situationen, även om alla uppfattades agera på olika sätt (I). Barnen bidrog i den iterativa processen med viktig information gällande aspekter som åldersanpassning, användbarhet och hur väl den tilltalar dem, vilket slutligen ledde fram till den färdiga applikationen (II). Barnens sätt att visa sin delaktighet när de använde applikationen förstods ha en nyfiken, tankfull och självbekräftande mening (III). Nyfikenheten visades mest vid användningen av applikationen. Treåringarna samt barnen med minst vårderfarenhet använde applikationen i störst utsträckning (IV). Sammanfattning: när applikationen användes i vårdsituationen visade barnen en situerad delaktighet vilken byggde på deras perspektiv på den aktuella situationen samt på deras inter-inter-aktion med applikationen och vårdpersonalen. Genom detta erbjöds vårdpersonalen ytterligare ett sätt att guida barnet utifrån barnets eget perspektiv.
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KOZLOVA, ANASTASIA. "How design can contribute to children's neurological rehabilitation? Case study: Co-designing paediatric rehabilitation programs for learning disabilities." Doctoral thesis, Università IUAV di Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11578/255593.
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What is the role of designer in project development of rehabilitation programs? Designer plays the conductive role between different groups of specialists of various competences and frames of reference (e.g. engineers, software developers, doctors, therapists etc.), and communities of individuals with particular characteristics (potential users or customers: patients, children, parents etc.), uniting them together as a productive multidisciplinary team and contributing knowledge of his own competence (product design, graphic design, interface design, user experience design, ergonomics etc.) In order to be able to organize, manage and be the valuable part of the project developing team, designer should inevitably become a multidisciplinary researcher as well. Answering the main research questions: How design can contribute to children’s neurological rehabilitation? Present research exposed the example of successfully developing multidisciplinary project on robotic rehabilitation system for Dysgraphia. In our case the therapeutic equipment for certain neurological disorder in a certain infant neuropsychiatric department is being brought to a new quality level. Consequently patient’s therapeutic experience is to become more pleasant and exciting, so the efficiency of rehabilitation process is being improved. Moreover our suggestion is that using our general guidelines of project development in this field would bring to similar positive results.
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Barco, Martelo Alexandre. "Social Robots to enhance therapy and interaction for children: From the design to the implementation "in the wild"." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399675.
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En les últimes dues dècades els robots socials s'han convertit en un camp emergent en el qual encara hi ha molt per fer. Aquest camp requereix coneixements en mecànica, control, intel·ligència artificial, sistemes, etc., però també en psicologia, disseny, ètica, etc. El nostre grup de recerca de perfil interdisciplinari ha estat treballant en el disseny de robots socials en diferents aplicacions per a nens amb necessitats especials.
L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és investigar diferents escenaris en teràpia o educació on els robots socials podrien ser una eina útil per als nens. Es van realitzar 4 estudis amb diferents propòsits: (1) dissenyar activitats amb robòtica de LEGO per avaluar el comportament social dels nens amb trastorn de l'espectre autista (TEA) (entre companys i amb adults) i analitzar la seva efectivitat, (2) dissenyar un robot social per recuperar les funcionalitats més afectades a causa de traumatismes cranioencefàlics (TCE) en nens i veure l'eficàcia del tractament, (3) proporcionar un robot mascota per alleujar els sentiments d'ansietat, solitud i estrès en nens hospitalitzats, i (4) comprovar com un robot amb comportament social i amb una personalització versus robots sense aquestes característiques mostra diferències en termes d'interacció amb nens i, per tant, pot ajudar en l'efectivitat de diferents tractaments com hem esmentat anteriorment.
Els resultats van revelar diferents resultats depenent de l'aplicació: (1) efectivitat amb la plataforma robòtica social que vam dissenyar en el tractament neuropsicològic per a aquells nens afectats per TCE, (2) eficàcia amb les activitats de robòtica de LEGO dissenyades per un grup de terapeutes en termes de millora d'habilitats socials (3) un efecte positiu entre els mediadors i facilitadors de la interacció i les relacions entre els diferents agents involucrats en el procés de la cura: pacients hospitalitzats, familiars, voluntaris i personal clínic, i (4) una interacció diferent, en termes de temps, entre els dos grups durant període de dues setmanes.En las últimas dos décadas los robots sociales se han convertido en un campo emergente en el que todavía hay mucho por hacer. Este campo requiere conocimientos en mecánica, control, inteligencia artificial, sistemas, etc., pero también en psicología, diseño, ética, etc. Nuestro grupo de investigación de perfil interdisciplinar ha estado trabajando en el diseño de robots sociales en diferentes aplicaciones para niños con necesidades especiales. El objetivo de esta tesis es investigar diferentes escenarios en terapia o educación donde los robots sociales podrían ser una herramienta útil para los niños. Se realizaron 4 estudios con diferentes propósitos: (1) diseñar actividades con robótica de LEGO para evaluar el comportamiento social de los niños con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) (entre compañeros y con adultos) y analizar su efectividad, (2) diseñar un robot social para recuperar las funcionalidades más afectadas a causa de traumatismos craneoencefálicos (TCE) en niños y ver la eficacia del tratamiento, (3) proporcionar un robot mascota para aliviar los sentimientos de ansiedad, soledad y estrés en niños hospitalizados, y (4) comprobar como un robot con comportamiento social y con una personalización versus robots sin esas características muestra diferencias en términos de interacción con niños y, por tanto, puede ayudar en la efectividad de diferentes tratamientos como mencionamos anteriormente. Los resultados revelaron diferentes resultados dependiendo de la aplicación: (1) efectividad con la plataforma robótica social que diseñamos en el tratamiento neuropsicológico para aquellos niños afectadas por TCE, (2) eficacia con las actividades de robótica de LEGO diseñadas por un grupo de terapeutas en términos de mejora de habilidades sociales (3) un efecto positivo entre los mediadores y facilitadores de la interacción y las relaciones entre los diferentes agentes involucrados en el proceso del cuidado: pacientes hospitalizados, familiares, voluntarios y personal clínico, y (4) una interacción diferente, en términos de tiempo, entre ambos grupos en el promedio de un período de dos semanas.
Over the past two decades social robots have become an emerging field where there are many things still to work on. This field not only requires knowledge in mechanics, control, artificial intelligence, systems, etc., but also in psychology, design, ethics, etc. Our multidisciplinary research group has been working on designing social robotic platforms in different applications for children with special needs. The aim of this thesis is to investigate different scenarios in therapy or education where social robots could be a useful tool for children. We ran 4 studies with different purposes: (1) to design activities with LEGO robotics to assess children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) social behaviour (between peers and with adults) and to analyze the effectiveness, (2) to design a social robotic platform to recover the functionalities most affected by traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in children and see the effectiveness of the treatment, (3) to provide a pet robot to alleviate feelings of anxiety, loneliness and stress of long-term children inpatient and their bystanders, and (4) to verify how a robot with social behaviour and personalization verses those robots without, shows differences in terms of interaction with children and thus, helps the effectiveness of different treatments as we mention above. The results revealed different outcomes depending on the application: (1) effectiveness with the social robotic platform that we designed in neuropsychological treatment in those areas affected by TBI, (2) effectiveness with the LEGO robotics activities designed by a group of therapists in terms of improvement of the social skills and engagement, (3) a positive effect within mediators and facilitators of interaction and relationships between the different agents involved in the caring process: in-patients, relatives, volunteers and clinical staff (4) slight evidence towards a different interaction, in terms of time, between both groups in the average of a two-week period.
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Zajkowska, Sandra. "Healthcare utilization of children enrolled in public programs." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585819.
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Healthcare utilization is a factor that directs quality and cost of health services. The cost of healthcare, income level, and demographics affect the frequency and circumstances, in which patients seek medical attention. One of the main goals of public assistance programs in this study is to facilitate the access to medical services for vulnerable groups of children. This study analyzes the impact of enrollment in various different public assistance programs and the access patterns to healthcare services. The study found that children who are enrolled in public assistance programs are more likely to visit an emergency room but less likely to visit a doctor at least 7 times a year (high utilization) compared to children who are also eligible for public programs but are not enrolled. This difference in patterns has a significant impact on cost of health services for public assistance programs' beneficiaries. A causal multifactorial link is observed, and therefore further research is needed.
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Marshall, L. "Healthcare environment design and patient experience." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17671/.
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The design of healthcare environments has been shown to produce positive effects for patient outcomes, particularly in mental healthcare. However, relatively little is known about patient experience of design within physical healthcare environments. In this study, fourteen cancer patients were interviewed about their experiences of using a newly built cancer centre that incorporates art and design. Grounded theory methodology provided a framework for the analysis of results and the construction of a theoretical model which represents a first attempt at explaining the relationship between healthcare environments and patients with respect to emotional wellbeing. Results show that central aspects of this particular healthcare environment – orientation, physical aspects of design, and atmosphere – were not like a hospital and these led to diverse patient experiences depending on the individual context, in other words the personal histories and preferences that patients brought. Implications for research and clinical practice, including the benefits of drawing upon helpful aspects of environments as part of a holistic approach to treatment, are discussed.
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Burrow, A. L., and L. Lee Glenn. "Greater Healthcare Utilization in Pregnancies for First Born Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7500.
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Hung, Yah-Ling. "Healthcare media design for low-literate users." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8364/.
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Low health literacy has been associated with poor outcomes in health care. Recent research suggests that good healthcare media can help to reduce the literacy barrier and enhance health outcomes. However, the majority of healthcare media are constructed for well-educated users rather than those with low literacy skills. This begs the question of whether or not various healthcare media have the same effect on low-literate users. Immigrant populations are vulnerable to serious health disparities, and language barriers and these may further exacerbate their limited health literacy in accessing health care information. Yet, ways to help low-literate parents to look after their children by applying healthcare media are still at an early stage of development. The aim of this study is to establish useful design strategies for Graphic and Information designers when planning and designing healthcare media for low-literate users. This research was implemented through four experiments, including a focus group interview and questionnaire survey, a pre-post knowledge test, a usability evaluation, and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed the problems immigrant parents usually encounter in caring for their children’s health. The results demonstrated that the influence of interventions by leaflets and websites on low-literate users is not significantly different. The findings also showed the criteria used by low-literate users to evaluate healthcare media and the visual factors of healthcare media that affect their satisfaction. An assessment checklist related to the design of health educational materials for low-literate users was also listed. This is an interdisciplinary research that integrates Design, Communication and Public Health. It provides a holistic framework for improving health intervention using various methodologies, including development, experiment, observation, comparison, and analysis.
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McComiskey, Mark Henry. "Unrecognised healthcare consequences of children born following assisted reproductive technology." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675460.
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The consensus is that children born following ART are delivered earlier and at a lower birthweight that those naturally conceived and have a higher likelihood of requiring admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The longer term prospects for artificially conceived children seem comparable to the naturally conceived population for the majority of medical conditions. This study examined NICU admission registry data of children born 111/2001 to 31/12/2007. Odds ratios (OR) for NICU admission were produced. All paediatric hospital admissions in Northern Ireland 1/7/1996 through 3016/2009 were also studied. Standardised admission ratios (SAR's) for children up to 13 years old born following ART were calculated. Unadjusted OR for NICU admission was 0.92 (95% CI 0.71, 1.18) for singleton~ and 0.83 (95% CI 0.69, 0.99) for twins. Adjustment for hospital, gestation and year showed OR for NICU admission to be 0.68 (95% CI 0.49, 0.93) for singletons and 0.76 (95% CI 0.60, 0.97) for twins. SAR for all- and first hospital admissions in ART children were 80 (95% CI 76, 84) and 74 (95% CI 68, 80) respectively. Children born fOllowing IVF had increased all-hospital SAR compared to those born following ICSI (SAR 85, 95% CI 80, 90 vs. SAR 71,95% C164, 77; p=0.001). Those born following fresh embryo had increased all-hospital SAR compared to those born fallowing frozen embryo transfer. All-admission analysis showed Significant increases in SAR with diagnoses of cerebral palsy and inguinal hernia. Non-significant trend for increased SAR for all-hospital admission and first-hospital admission was found for some diagnoses. This study adds some reassurance to the neonatal and long-term child health of those born following ART. IVF children and those born following fresh embryo transfer may not be as healthy throughout childhood as their ICSI and frozen embryo transfer peers. Published concerns regarding neurological conditions and congenital abnormalities in children conceived using ART are supported by this study.
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Eisen, Sarajane L. "The healing effects of art in pediatric healthcare: art preferences of healthy children and hospitalized children." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5772.
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Art is assumed to possess therapeutic benefits of healing for children, as part of patient-focused design in healthcare. Research on adult patients suggests that by infusing art into the healthcare setting, the design may reduce stress that could impede the healing process. Since the psychological and physiological well-being of children in healthcare settings is extremely important in contributing to the healing process, it is vitally important to identify what type of art supports stress reduction. Nature art was anticipated to be the most preferred and have stress-reducing effects on pediatric patients. The objective of this study was to investigate what type of art children prefer, and what type of art has potentially stress-reducing effects on pediatric patients. This study used a three-phase, multimethod approach: a focus group study, a randomized study, and a quasi-experimental study design. Findings from three phases were evaluated. The objective of Phase 1 was to discern what type of art school children prefer, Phase 2 focused on what type of art hospitalized children prefer and to compare these preferences identified in Phase 1. Phase 3 was a quasi-experimental study to determine if nature art has a potentially healing effect on pediatric patients when compared to abstract art or no art at all. The findings of this study demonstrate that nature art is the preferred type of art by children from age 5 to 17. But there were no significant differences among the three art intervention groups of pediatric patients. These findings led to design recommendations regarding what art should be placed in children'ÃÂÃÂs hospital rooms in order to create a stress-reducing, healing environment.
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Yip, Man Hang. "Healthcare product-service system characterisation : implications for design." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/249205.
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The engineering design process transforms stakeholders’ needs and desires into design specifications. In this process, manufacturers make decisions that impact how much value can be generated from a new product/service. Clear design specification can enhance the value of a product/service. This research study focuses on the engineering design process for systems of products and services - product-service systems (PSSs). An unambiguous PSS classification could help manufacturers to produce clearer design specifications, however there is a lack of clear PSS classifications for engineering design. Existing classifications rely on an out-dated distinction between tangible objects as products, and everything else as a service, a division that inappropriately classifies digital products as services. To develop a coherent PSS classification, it is necessary to understand which characteristics of PSS can clarify its design specification. This research addresses this problem by determining the PSS characteristics that are useful for clarifying the design specification. The research aims to develop a PSS characterisation scheme and explore how the scheme influences design specifications. To achieve these aims, case study and action research methods are employed. This study has developed a PSS characterisation scheme that clarifies design specifications and a method to systematically apply this scheme, the PSS characterisation approach. This approach proves useful for practitioners to clarify design specifications, and has extended the application of the theory of technical systems to instruments supporting the engineering design process. The PSS characterisation scheme comprises four characteristics: customer perceived value level, ‘connectivity number’, type and degree of connectivity and configuration type. The scheme does not use the ‘tangibility’ distinction, but incorporates concepts of value creation and interdependencies within a PSS and between a PSS and its environment. This novel characterisation scheme contributes to the development of a PSS classification scheme for engineering design and also to the literature of PSS classifications.
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Dutro, R., W. Andrew Clark, N. Nehring, and Andrew Czuchry. "Collaboration in Luminaire Design for the Healthcare Environments." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2521.
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Sayeed, Sanjidaa. "Education and Healthcare Possibilities for Street Children in Babati Town,Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-4115.
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Street children are the most vulnerable group in any society. It is estimated that 150 millions children lives on the street in the world. Most of these children lack all basic needs. This study is been done in Babati district, Tanzania. Focus of this study is to examine the possibilities to Education and Healthcare of street children in Babati. This is a qualitative study based on semi structured interviews with street children, authorities responsible for Education and Healthcare of these children and other actors involve in this subject. The result of this study is that the government of Tanzania has developed a guideline (focus on HIV/AIDS related problems causing orphans) to assist these children with shelter, food, education, healthcare etc. There are 656 identified street children in Babati is receiving assistance from the authority but the interviewed street children are receiving any assistance are none. NGOs in Babati working with street children follow the same guideline assisting street children. Children not falling under this guideline do not have many chances to receive any assistance from the authorities and other actors in Babati. The authorities and actors need to expand their focus on reaching all street children in Babati.
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Ruiz, Costilla Alfredo I. "Empathic Design Guidelines in Healthcare for Successful Product Development." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1428046933.
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McLellan, Shelagh. "Precision Medicine : The Future of Data-driven Healthcare." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93460.
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Precision Medicine: the future of data-driven healthcare is an interaction design master’s thesis project aimed at presenting a vision of how genomic and quantified data might be integrated into the Swedish public healthcare system. This thesis focuses on a user-centered design process, examining patient health needs and desires. It also looks at the rise of genomic data and precision medicine. Ethnographic research has been conducted with people in the different Scandinavian countries, hearing their health stories first hand, both in relation to genomic data, quantified self data and overall health. Commonly used service design methods such as customer journey mappings, blueprinting and business model mapping have played a large role in shaping the experience of the concept
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Shkirando, Elizaveta. "Tangible interfaces for children’s mental healthcare." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23295.
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The area of healthcare has a lot of challenges and restrictions when it comes to design. There is no access to one of the users. A research on this topic resulted in the creation of Robbi – an interactive toy that supports communication between a child and psychologist during their therapy sessions.Children (patients) as stakeholders are a very vulnerable party of this project and as they were not involved in the process directly; there was no opportunity for intervention, observation or action research. When the therapeutic session is happening, the setting of the environment has to be as comfortable for the client as possible and the presence of a third person at the session would disturb the result in a severe way.I would argue here that the therapists can act as proxies in the projects related to design for MHC clients. Psychology therapists are skilled and experienced observers and area experts. In many cases we actually have to think: who is the real end user of our design? What relationships are there between the stakeholders and the solution are? As the project involves therapists as participatory design actors it is fair to say that the therapists are primary users of the design concept that is to be created. It has to fit all the needs of the doctor, enable them to make the therapy sessions more efficient, engaging and profound. At the same time the concept has to be developed in the framework of interaction for children in terms of visuals, tangibility, emotional content and usability.
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Nehring, Wendy, and Lisa Ousley. "School Nursing for Children with Disabilities: Case Studies: Special Needs Healthcare Plans." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7163.
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McLoughlin, Robert. "Healthcare Disparities and Noncompliance in Children and Young Adults with Crohn’s Disease." eScholarship@UMMS, 2019. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/1026.
Full textAbstract:
Objective:
Treatment compliance in children with Crohn’s disease is associated with higher levels of symptom remission. We hypothesized that the management, comorbidities, and complications for children with Crohn’s disease would differ based on a diagnosis of noncompliance.
Methods:
Using the Kids’ Inpatient Database for 2006-2012, we identified young patients (<21 >years) with a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease. Diagnoses and procedures were analyzed according to a recorded diagnosis of noncompliance. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between noncompliance and the outcomes of interest.
Results:
There were 28,337 pediatric Crohn’s disease hospitalizations identified with 1,028 (3.6%) hospitalizations having a diagnosis of both Crohn’s disease and noncompliance. The mean age of the study population was 15.9 years and 48.9% were girls. Black patients ( multivariable adjusted odds ratio, aOR,2.27; 95% CI:1.84-2.79) and those in the lowest income quartile (aOR 1.57; 95% CI:1.20-2.05) had an increased likelihood of a noncompliance diagnosis than respective comparison groups. Noncompliant patients had an increased likelihood of concurrent depression, nutritional deficiency, and anemia. Patients with a diagnosis of noncompliance had lower rates of intestinal obstruction (4.0% vs 6.3%), intraabdominal abscesses (2.0% vs 4.2%,), and underwent fewer major surgical procedures (aOR 0.40; 95% CI:0.31-0.53) and large bowel resections (aOR 0.44; 95% CI:0.31-0.64) than patients without this diagnosis.
Conclusions:
We found significant differences in socioeconomic status and race among hospitalized children with Crohn’s disease with, as compared to those without, a diagnosis of noncompliance. Children with noncompliance have different comorbidities, disease-related complications, and are managed differently. Possible explanations for observed treatment differences include a reluctance to offer surgery to those with a diagnosis of noncompliance, a refusal of intervention by noncompliant patients, or implicit bias. Further investigation is warranted to better define noncompliance in this population and to determine the implications of this diagnosis.
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Perrotta, Maria Lynn. "Anxiety and Healthcare Utilization Among Mothers of Children With Mental Health Disorders." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3717.
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Anxiety can influence an individual's decision-making process; however, researchers have yet to establish whether anxiety has an impact on the healthcare utilization practices of mothers of children with a mental health diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to assess whether trait anxiety, coping styles, and self-efficacy in mothers of children with a mental health diagnosis affected their healthcare utilization decisions. The transactional model of stress and coping was used to analyze the impact of children with mental health disorders on their caretakers. For this study, a quantitative, cross-sectional research design was employed. The 4 survey tools, administered through SurveyMonkey.com as well as in paper form, included the Brief COPE, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults (STAID-AD), Health Self-Efficacy Measure, and Healthcare Utilization Questionnaire. Study participants (N = 152) were mothers primarily ages 30-49 years (90.8%), Caucasian (57.9%), and high school graduates (63.2%) who were residents of Lawrence County, Pennsylvania. Mothers reported their children were primarily ages 3-6 years (34.2%), Caucasian (49.3%), had a mental health diagnosis, were living in the home, and were currently in mental health treatment. The outcomes of a binary logistic regression found that trait anxiety did not have a significant impact on healthcare utilization. A Sobel test of mediation indicated that coping styles and self-efficacy were not mediating variables between trait anxiety and healthcare utilization. The implications for positive social change as a result of this research may lead to the training of healthcare providers on the specific characteristics of mothers of children with a mental health diagnosis and the development of social policies concerning healthcare utilization.
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Jin, Yue. "Effect of Secondhand Smoke on Healthcare Utilization and Expenditures among Children with and without Asthma." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337974377.
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Ravn, Anders. "Distribution channel strategy design : Application and implementation in healthcare." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98477.
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Healthcare is a very important and intimate service virtually all people use at least at some occasion in a lifetime. It is also highly complex and variable with heterogeneous patients requiring individualised attention in order to be effectively treated. This requires large resources in terms of labour, knowledge, skill, and time which is why in the past, improving productivity has been difficult. Information and communications technology, ICT, has been seen to have potential to improve productivity in e.g. diagnosing, devising treatment plans, communicating with patients and clinical staff, and record-keeping if applied correctly. During mainly the 1990s, the banking sector changed its distribution channel strategy to focus increasingly on Internet banking rather than local branches. If parallels are drawn between the two, such as comparing local branches to clinics, what can a rheumatology department learn? A case study was conducted at Karolinska University Hospital's Department of Rheumatology. Existing communication pathways associated with the clinic-patient communication were identified, theory and knowledge of the banking sector change was compiled and some current efforts of ICT integration in healthcare were briefly reviewed. Finally, the project sought to provide a future vision for communications in rheumatology. Examples of risks and difficulties considered were legal issues, patient safety and the current compensation for the clinics, which today represent a major limitation for strategy formulation. The study identified several key issue areas to consider when implementing ICT in healthcare and the importance of aligning ICT with workflow. Parts of the banks strategic choices are also applicable in healthcare, e.g. using a multi-channel strategy where different customer segments are targeted with different channels. Further, a unified customer management system containing input from patient as well as provider is highly recommended, together with an online portal increasing accessibility for patients. Most importantly, all distribution channels and ICT systems considered for use should be thoroughly integrated with day-to-day workflow.
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Oh, Jooyeol 1973. "Re-strategizing healthcare facility design : the comprehensive outpatient center." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69435.
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Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-57).
During the past decade, medical facility design has gone through enormous change not only because of new health care management system but exploding technological advances in diagnostic equipments and fast communication system. New imaging equipment is now, better, smaller, less noisy. And digitized image results can be transmitted through the high-speed cable to multiple locations. In addition, robotics is changing the surgery suite organization. On the management side, hospitals are pressured to cut down their cost as much as possible in order to maintain the market share in today's ever changing health care environment. My thesis ,in the first phase, focuses on identifying some of the important factors that are affecting the current hospital organization: "Computerization, telemedicine, digital imaging MRls, CT and PET scanners, ultrasound, and lab and surgical equipment will make existing technology obsolete." (Health facilities Management Feb. 1997, 18-22). These changes have already prompted many reactions in how to reorganize or renovate the existing facility so that hospitals not only can accommodate the current changes but also possible changes in the future; the issue of flexibility, changeability is the key underlying concept. Next phase of my thesis focuses on arriving at organizational strategy recommendations and its models. Some of the important strategy concerns are; rationalization of circulation which brings design that requires less staff(efficiency), emphasis on integration of similar functions that are caused by the new technology, issue of providing the maximum flexibility and changeability to the new organization, new relationship between the departments, offices, labs etc. Information Technology with digitized information such as imaging results, patients' access to their comprehensive medical files in their room or any place in the hospital, and other aspects of telemedicine is an important changing force in the future of hospital organization that will be examined. With all the research, my thesis will recommend the organizational strategy and exemplary design of comprehensive outpatient care facility.
by Jooyeol Oh.
M.Arch.
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Carthey, Jane. "Interprofessional user groups and the design of healthcare facilities." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/208078/1/Jane_Carthey_Thesis.pdf.
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The Australian and New Zealand healthcare sectors deliver vital services to their communities. Buildings that support healthcare delivery are often complex, complicated and expensive. Designers, clinicians and managers must work together collaboratively to design publicly funded healthcare facilities that are fit for purpose and responsive to their location and environment. This research investigated the “user group” process required by government health authorities including ways it could be improved. Understanding the differing perspectives of participants may support more effective teamwork and better decision-making. The findings form the basis for the development of evidence-based guidelines for the collaborative design of healthcare facilities.
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Smith, Maureen Elizabeth. "Design that Heals." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83876.
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It is the architect's responsibility to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare. Ironically, healthcare facilities, whose programs focus on those elements, often seem to fall short of those basic design standards. The evolution of healthcare practices has brought us to a stage of design that focuses on the machine rather than the patient. This shift has created stripped, unwelcoming, and unnatural healthcare environments that have proven to negatively impact the health and well-being of facilities' patients.
Dialysis treatment facilities, whose medical procedures rely so heavily on machines, are an even more extreme condition of this imbalance. In an effort to raise awareness of this problem and reinvigorate architectural design that actually promotes healthy environments, I chose to explore the idea of "design that heals". Through the conscientious integration of nature, light, and color, this project redefines the priorities of a healthcare facility and takes a holistic and sustainable approach to design that better cares for the patients and enlivens the community.
The proposed program pairs a dialysis clinic with a community nutrition center which helps address the causes of kidney disease at the source. Located in an underserved Anacostia neighborhood, the people-focused building provides nutrition education, food production and healthcare services. Taking inspiration from the filtration process of dialysis, the building aims to celebrate and expose its own water circulation systems, mirroring the beautiful, yet chaotic, systems within the human body.Master of Architecture
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Walrath, Bryan James. "A Project Planning Guide for Healthcare Facility Owners." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14557.
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According to a recent study, about 30 percent of U.S. real estate projects are canceled midstream, while more than half run up to 190 percent over budget and 220 percent over the initial time estimate. The reasons for this are
manifold but poor decisions during the initiation and early planning of the project can be pointed to as main causes. Most poor decisions stem from lack of information, bad judgment, and lack of communication and transparency between what the client expects and what the project team can deliver. Proper
project planning procedures and methods will lead to proper contingency planning, management of partner relationships and contracts, management of dynamic change and associated risks that can, and most probably will, occur in
the course of the project.
The role of the owner cannot be overstated in all of these targets. Historically, the owners of healthcare facilities have a once in a lifetime involvement in the planning, design and construction (or major renovation) of
their facility. The interaction with planners, public bodies, architects, engineers, and other entities is a daunting prospect for which an owner will seek help from specialized firms that represent the owner.
This guide may serve as a healthcare project planning guide for owners, and in particular CEOs, to navigate the process. It will prepare the owner to recognize the major tasks and decision steps throughout project planning,
while keeping the focus on the desired outcome. Any owner should recognize that the slogan: if you dont know what you want, you will not get what you need is as true today as it ever was. This guide will include research, best practices from industry experts, and a case study on the New Orleans public healthcare planning process post-Hurricane Katrina.
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Moreton, Kirsty Leigh. "The ethics of care and healthcare decision-making involving children in mid-childhood." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7579/.
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This thesis contends that the traditional legal and ethical approach to healthcare decision-making for children in mid-childhood is insufficient to meet the needs of those children, their families and the professionals that care for them. To address this failing I present a normative framework based on the Ethics of Care to aid in decision-making. My unique contribution to knowledge is first, to focus on children in mid-childhood (age 8 -14 years old); a neglected group in the jurisprudence, and contend that the current interpretation of Gillick competence and best interests fail to fully appreciate the child’s capabilities or accommodate the families views. Secondly, I assert that the Ethics of Care is well placed to address the needs of children in this age group, whilst fostering child participation. To this end I develop a novel Ethic of Care framework, based upon the work of Jo Bridgeman. Thirdly, I undertake a systematic review of the case law, spanning a 26-year period, and chart patterns and trends in judicial thinking. Finally, I test the utility of the framework by applying it to three areas on the legal fringes: end of life care, living organ donation and treatment for gender dysphoria.
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Topham, Maren. "Parental Attitudes of Immunization in Children with Special Healthcare Needs: A Qualitative Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7271.
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Background and Purpose: Just over 15% of children under 18 years of age in the UnitedStates, or approximately 11.2 million children, are estimated to have special healthcare needs.Although children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) make up a small percentage of thepediatric population, they account for over one third of pediatric medical care. Parental attitudesregarding immunization play a significant role in vaccination rates among children. The purposeof this research is to explore parental attitudes regarding immunization of CSHCN.Methods: This qualitative study focused on parental perceptions and beliefs aboutimmunizations for CSHCN. Sixteen participants, who were parents of CSHCN from onepediatric specialty care clinic participated in focus groups. Institutional review board approvalwas received prior to data collection.Results: While the purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes of parents ofCSHCN regarding immunizations, analysis revealed parents simply wanted to share their lifeexperiences rearing these children, with issues of immunization being secondary. Participantsdescribed the experience of caring for their CSHCN related to isolationism and the weight ofresponsibility as leader of their child<'>s care. Additionally, the majority of parents thatparticipated viewed childhood vaccinations in a positive light. Parents acknowledged that it wasimportant for their own children to receive vaccines. Participants also recognized that it wasimportant for the community to be vaccinated in order to protect their child. However, the desirefor individualized care, at times, caused parents to disregard the immunization schedulerecommended by Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Conclusions: Health care providers can be effective and influential members of the healthcare team by engaging in community based education about vaccines, building trustingrelationships with parents and helping parents understand the need to follow the recommendedschedule for immunizations.
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Bozad, Zadma. "An exploration of the role of families in providing primary healthcare for children." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6701.
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Magister Artium (Child and Family Studies) - MA(CFS)Families remain a major social support system that plays a key role in the provision of primary healthcare (PHC) for children, and this role is especially important as PHC would normally take place before a child is taken to hospital for further treatment. The literature shows that although families have a direct influence on their children’s PHC, the former’s role is limited as a result of socio-economic factors such as poverty, unemployment and distance to healthcare centres. In South Africa, PHC is offered by the state but is of a lower standard than the more specialised, ‘hi-tech’ health services available in the private sector. Although the public health sector is over-stretched and under-resourced, the government has established PHC facilities in many locations throughout South Africa. This status quo requires families to play a role by knowing the locations of such facilities in order to maintain their children’s health. The provision of primary health in South Africa is a two-tiered system that requires the involvement of both families and healthcare providers. The results of the study indicated that there were various interpretations of PHC by both parents and health professionals, owing to different levels of knowledge about the concept. The lack of knowledge of the various forms of home remedies greatly affected the application of PHC in terms of a need to appreciate PHC practices in the family setting; and health professionals need to disseminate knowledge to parents on a routine basis as part of their work at hospitals. The findings furthermore suggested that parents and healthcare workers faced various challenges in the provision of PHC. The implications of the study pointed to the need for a more extensive study that engaged a high number of participants of both parents and healthcare professionals to place the results into perspective. Other implications required a concerted effort from government, parents, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders to arrive at a prudent and logical improvement of PHC in South Africa.
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Richardson, Sandra. "HEALTHCARE INFORMATION SYSTEMS:DESIGN THEORY, PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3182.
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Healthcare information systems (HISs), as a class of systems, are not currently addressed in the MIS literature. This is in spite of a sharp increase in use over the past few years, and the uniquely qualified role that MIS has in the development of, impact and general understanding of HISs. In this project the design science paradigm frames the development of a set of design principles derived from the synthesis of the design literature, ethics literature, and professional guidelines, from both the medical and computing professions. The resulting principles are offered to address the design of healthcare information systems. Action research, a widely accepted methodology for testing design principles derived from the design science paradigm, is employed to test the HIS principles and to implement change in a healthcare organization through the use of an HIS. The action research project was a collaborative effort between a Central Florida hospice and the researcher, the result of which was an advanced directives decision support system. The system was design to meet a number of organizational goals that ranged from tracking compliance with federal regulations to increasing the autonomy of the patients that used the system. The result is a set of tested design principles and lessons learned from both anticipated and unanticipated consequences of the action research project.Ph.D.
Department of Management Information Systems
Business Administration
Business Administration: Ph.D.
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Rashwand, Saeed. "Efficient Wireless Communication in Healthcare Systems; Design and Performance Evaluation." IEEE, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/9227.
Full textAbstract:
Increasing number of ageing population and people who need continuous health monitoring and rising the costs of health care have triggered the concept of the novel wireless technology-driven human body monitoring. Human body monitoring can be performed using a network of small and intelligent wireless medical sensors which may be attached to the body surface or implanted into the tissues. It enables carers to predict, diagnose, and react to adverse events earlier than ever. The concept of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) was introduced to fully exploit the benefits of wireless technologies in telemedicine and m-health.
The main focus of this research is the design and performance evaluation of strategies and architectures that would allow seamless and efficient interconnection of patient’s body area network and the stationary (e.g., hospital room or ward) wireless networks. I first introduce the architecture of a healthcare system which bridges WBANs and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). I adopt IEEE 802.15.6 standard for the patient’s body network because it is specifically designed for WBANs. Since IEEE 802.15.6 has strict Quality of Service (QoS) and priorities to transfer the medical data to the medical server a QoS-enabled WLAN for the next hop is needed to preserve the end-to-end QoS. IEEE 802.11e standard is selected for the WLAN in the hospital room or ward because it provides prioritization for the stations in the network. I investigate in detail the requirements posed by different healthcare parameters and to analyze the performance of various alternative interconnection strategies, using the rigorous mathematical apparatus of Queuing Theory and Probabilistic Analysis; these results are independently validated through discrete event simulation models.
This thesis has three main parts; performance evaluation and MAC parameters settings of IEEE 802.11e Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA), performance evaluation and tuning the MAC parameters of IEEE 802.15.6, and designing a seamless and efficient interconnection strategy which bridges IEEE 802.11e EDCA and IEEE 802.15.6 standards for a healthcare system.
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Wanigarathna, Nadeeshani. "Evidence-based design for healthcare buildings in England and Wales." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16161.
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A substantial amount of credible evidence shows that properly designed healthcare built environments can positively impact upon the health outcomes of the building users. This offers an opportunity to improve the quality of healthcare through appropriately designed healthcare built environments. Evidence-based design (EBD) emerged within healthcare building design practice to enhance the process of designing with credible evidence. This research explored improvement opportunities for EBD in the UK which would subsequently improve the quality of healthcare through built environment interventions. Specifically, three key research gaps were addressed during this research. Firstly, this research explored current practices of evidence use during healthcare designing and opportunities to increase the direct use of research-based evidence and alternative ways of conveying research-based evidence into the design process through other source of generic evidence for design. Secondly, this research explored how evidence could be effectively expressed within healthcare design standards, guidance and tools (SGaTs) in the forms of performance and prescriptive specifications. Finally, considering the unique nature of built environment design, this research explored how project unique contextual circumstances impact EBD processes and how practitioners reflect on these circumstances. These challenges were then transformed into six objectives. Following a comprehensive literature review, this research was divided into four phases. First, a model of the sources and flows of evidence (SaFE) was developed to represent evidence for EBD within generic evidence for design. The initial conceptual model was developed through desk study, based on the literature review, self-experience and the experience. This model was then verified with the comments from five un-structured interviews conducted with lecturers and senior lecturers of the School of Civil and Building Engineering. Finally, the model was validated using 12 semi-structured interviews conducted with design practitioners from the industry. In addition to the validating the sources and flows of evidence these interviews revealed rationales behind design practitioners use of evidence from four types of evidence sources. These results revealed improvement opportunities to increase the intake of research-based evidence use during healthcare built environments designing. The main data collection method for this research was case studies. Eight exemplar design elements within three case studies were investigated to explore details of evidence use practices; practices of using performance and prescriptive specifications; and impact of project unique contextual circumstances for EBD process and how design practitioners reflect on these circumstances. Results of this research revealed that EBD needs to be supported by both externally published research evidence and through internally generated evidence. It was also identified that EBD could be significantly facilitated through research- evidence informed other generic design evidence sources. Healthcare design SGaTs provides a promising prospect to facilitate EBD. Performance specification driven healthcare design SGaTs supplemented by prescriptive specifications to define design outputs and design inputs could improve effective use of evidence-informed SGaTs. These results were incorporated into a framework to guide development of healthcare design SGaTs. Finally, by exploring how projects unique contextual circumstances impact EBD processes and how practitioners reflect on these circumstances, this research identified the need for procedural guidance for designers to guide evidence acquisition, evidence application and new evidence generation.
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Sharifi, Nahal Alsadat. "Children's Hospice Care." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71772.
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With advancements in medical technology, the mechanics of dying and death has changed significantly. Centuries ago, people mostly died of infectious diseases. From the time they were diagnosed, to the time of their death did not take long. Today, public health has improved remarkably. We have a better control over infectious diseases, but we have to deal with cancer and other chronic illnesses. The long period of treatment for such illnesses makes us spend a lot of our time in healthcare facilities such as hospitals, hospices, and care homes.
Unfortunately, in many cases, these facilities do not pay much attention to emotional and spiritual needs of their patients and are mostly designed around their own institutional and technological needs. In that regard, these buildings become pretty awful places with no natural light and long corridors.
Today, due to the nature of chronic diseases that we mostly deal with, hospice care facilities are becoming more popular. The idea of a hospice is to focus on quality of the place for families and patients who have already spent a lot of their time in a hospital setting. The goal is provide humane care for patients who do not have much time left, to make sure that they live the remainder of their lives as comfortably and as fully as possible.
It is important to remember that when such facilities are designed for children, we need to pay extra attention to their unique needs. It is important to provide opportunities for children with terminal illnesses to continue to learn and grow.
This thesis is exploration of an architectural setting in which children with a terminal prognosis would spend the last few weeks of their lives. Located in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia, this project takes advantage of the existing nature of the site to create an oasis for families who have gone through an exhausting battle with an untreatable disease. The goal is to shift the focus from curing to healing and to create a nurturing place that helps to bring normalcy back to the lives of patients and their families.Master of Architecture
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Chung, Kristie (Kristie J. ). "Applying systems thinking to healthcare data cybersecurity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105307.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-90).
Since the HITECH Act of 2009, adoption of Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems in US healthcare organizations has increased significantly. Along with the rapid increase in usage of EHR, cybercrimes are on the rise as well. Two recent cybercrime cases from early 2015, the Anthem and Premera breaches, are examples of the alarming increase of cybercrimes in this domain. Although modem Information Technology (IT) systems have evolved to become very complex and dynamic, cybersecurity strategies have remained static. Cyber attackers are now adopting more adaptive, sophisticated tactics, yet the cybersecurity counter tactics have proven to be inadequate and ineffective. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the recent Anthem security breach to assess the vulnerabilities of Anthem's data systems using current cybersecurity frameworks and guidelines and the Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Process (STAMP) method. The STAMP analysis revealed Anthem's cybersecurity strategy needs to be reassessed and redesigned from a systems perspective using a holistic approach. Unless our society and government understand cybersecurity from a sociotechnical perspective, we will never be equipped to protect valuable information and will always lose this battle.
by Kristie Chung.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Heckel, Marjorie J. "Spiritual gardens in a healthcare setting." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260488.
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Healthcare facility designers are acknowledging the connection between environment and well-being. They, along with environmental psychologists and landscape architects, are trying to define how environment can influence health status. Research on therapeutic outcomes has helped define specific design guidelines for a garden intended to help hospital patients and staff. One aspect that has not been fully investigated, however, is the spirituality of these spaces. Often in hospital settings prayer goes hand in hand with medicine, especially in faith-based health ministries like St. Vincent Randolph Hospital (SVR). To overlook the importance and value of the spiritual aspect in a healthcare setting would be to miss the core of what SVR stands for. The purpose of this project is to identify guidelines for therapeutic gardens that support the physical, spiritual and mental health and well being of patients at St. Vincent Randolph Hospital and to apply these guidelines to the design of a garden for the patients, families, associates, visitors and the surrounding community.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Denison, Jacqueline. "Aboriginal women's experiences of accessing healthcare when state apprehension of children is being threatened." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42132.
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Background: Canadian Aboriginal children continue to be apprehended at a higher rate than non-Aboriginal children. Aboriginal mothers, who face significant social, political and economic disadvantage, are often under considerable scrutiny in relation to their parenting. Little is known about how the threat of child apprehension impacts the experiences of Aboriginal women accessing healthcare services. Therefore a study was undertaken to examine women’s perspectives on accessing health care when child apprehension is threatened. Methods: The study was guided by post-colonial feminist perspectives and followed the principles of exploratory, qualitative research design. Data collection and data analysis were carried out in two phases. Phase One involved a secondary analysis, using narrative interview data collected from a larger study (n=7). Phase One findings were used primarily to modify the interview guides developed for Phase Two. In Phase Two primary, face-to-face interviews were conducted with (i) Aboriginal women (N=9) and (ii) health care providers (n=8). Data was analyzed following the principles of thematic analysis and interpretive description. Findings: The findings indicated that women involved in the child protection system often experience complex socio-political and economic life challenges. The threat or fear of child apprehension did not impact the women’s decisions to seek medical services for their children; however the threat and fear impacted the women’s experiences with mainstream healthcare in a number of ways. Racism, prejudice, and discrimination within mainstream healthcare agencies along with the fear of child apprehension influenced the women’s decisions to access healthcare for themselves and impacted the women’s interactions with mainstream health care providers. In particular, women avoided engaging with health care providers when their children were hospitalized in part to protect themselves from judgment and discrimination. Discussion: Ongoing racism, judgment and discrimination toward Aboriginal mothers in mainstream healthcare agencies must be addressed. Health care providers working with Aboriginal people require education around culturally safe approaches to care and the history of colonialism and its effects on the health and well-being of Aboriginal people. Structural inequities such as poverty and discrimination must also be addressed through policy initiatives that attend to the social determinants of health.
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Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tugce. "An Investigation On The Planimetric Design Efficiency Of Inpatient Departments In Healthcare Facilities." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606041/index.pdf.
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As cited in literature, the history of hospital design in both practice and theory is rife with proposals that lay claim to improving efficiency. The aim was to obtain not only lowest possible construction, maintenance and operational costs, but also highest possible patient satisfaction,comfort and privacy. Nested within this outlook, the design of hospital nursing units has claimed considerable priority. Significant in such an endeavour is timely feedback to the designer, especially as quantitative assessments of what has been achieved so far with respect to planimetric efficiencyi.e. utility value of built floor area, both in terms of its allocation to served, serving and circulation spaces and the relative proportions of these. Its particular focus was on the nursing units of public facilities in Tü
rkiye. The study was carried out on a random sample of hospitals operating under government jurisdictions. Sample size was roughly determined as 33%. The material consisted of production drawings. Data derived from these comprised planimetric measurements regarding their nursing units and of various germane ratios calculated. Analysis of variance, distributional aspects, scatter charts and t-tests were used to evaluate this data according to a number of relevant factors. Results for ratio of primary spaces to secondary spaces showed that there were significant differences by constructional area per bed, while other variables showed a central tendency that was independent of the factors considered. It was concluded that while the method used was appropriate to the assessment in question, further developments and investigations were needed to determine the causes underlying such differences.
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Okcu, Selen. "Developing evidence based design metrics and methods for improving healthcare soundscapes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43695.
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Healing and clinical work requires a complex choreography of architectural acoustic design in healthcare settings. In most healthcare settings, medical staff members conduct vital tasks that may have life-and-death implications. Patients visit the hospitals to heal. Their expectations include fast recovery, restful sleep, and privacy (i.e., speech privacy). However, sound environment qualities of the care settings often fall far from supporting the mission of hospitals. There is strong and growing evidence showing that effective soundscapes in healthcare settings potentially impact errors, healing and stress for patients, families and staff but it is still not clear what measures of the sound environment best predict key healthcare outcomes and what design strategies best impact those measures. By using a multi-method approach (i.e., objective and subjective noise level measurements, in-situ impulse response measurements, heuristic design analysis, theoretical studies, acoustic simulations and statistical analysis), this study aims to develop evidence based design strategies by statistically defining the relationships between three types of variables: (1) architectural floor-plate design metrics, (2) acoustic metrics, and (3) occupant response.
The research is conducted in three phases. The first phase of the study compared the objective and subjective qualities of the hospital sound environments with different architectural designs, assessed the effectiveness of a newer acoustic metrics in capturing caregiver perceptions, and evaluated the impact of particular noise sources on caregiver outcomes. The second phase of the study tested the validity of an acoustic simulation tool in estimating the acoustic qualities of the healthcare soundscapes. The third phase of the study systematically explored the relationship between floor-plate design and acoustics of complex inter-connected nursing unit corridors. Even though the relationship between design and acoustics of proportional spaces (a.k.a. rooms with more traditional dimensions) has been well documented, the number of studies linking design and acoustics of complex non-proportional spaces such as inter-connected corridors still remains limited.
The findings of the first phase show that critical care sound environments with different designs can vary drastically and impact caregivers` perceived wellbeing and task performance (e.g., patient auditory monitoring). Despite their extensive use, traditional noise metrics sometimes may not be effective in capturing unique characteristics of healthcare sound environments. This study validated the effectiveness of a new more detailed noise metric, "occurrence rate", in capturing the differences between acoustic characteristics of healthcare sound environments. Moreover, particular noise sources such as impulsive noises are likely to dominate the ICU sound environments and interfere with perceived caregiver health and performance. The findings of the second phase suggest the potential effectiveness of acoustic simulation tools (with hybrid prediction programs) in estimating the acoustic qualities of complex inter-connected hospital corridors. The findings of the third phase suggest the potential significant impact of design features of particular hallways (e.g., number of turns, corridor length, and number of branches) and overall floor-shape characteristics of inter-connected corridors (i.e., relative grid distance, and visual fragmentation) on reverberation time. Overall, in the units with shorter, more compact, fragmented corridors with multiple number of branching hallways, reverberation times are likely to be less. Moreover receivers located at the corridors with less number of turns from the sound source also potentially experience lower reverberation times. According to previous research, the human auditory system`s ability to monitor auditory cues is likely to be higher in the less reverberant sound environments.
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Kim, Eun Young. "HEALING HEALTHCARE DESIGN FOR ADOLESCENT PATIENTS: PROMOTING HOLISTIC QUALITY OF LIFE." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/143.
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This study examined environmental preferences for adolescent patients in hospital patient rooms and activity rooms to determine age-appropriate healing design elements. The health-related quality of life (HRQOL) concept was adapted to this study as a theoretical framework. In order to develop an age-appropriate healing design, a comprehensive understanding of adolescents‘ cognitive developmental stages and their expectations in hospital settings needs to be recognized. Thirty-two adolescent outpatients aged 15 to 18 participated in the survey. Data collection consisted of three different instruments: Emotional state survey with demographics, Photo analysis with semantic differentials, and environmental preference value survey. Comfort, sadness and stress affected adolescent patients‘ preference responses. Adolescent patients preferred having a home-like environment for their patient rooms due to their needs for comfort and control of privacy. They also preferred having enjoyable and controllable activity rooms that supported peer connection, self-identity, and stress reduction. Environmental values that are important to adolescents were control of privacy, a quiet place to go, a place for activity, and having a controllable outside view.
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Ellsworth, Samuel Blake. "A Framework for Clinical Healthcare Process Design: Investigating Applicability to Lean." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1458.
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Healthcare delivery is a process-driven sequence of patient care treatments and services. A prescribed method for process design is required in order for healthcare organizations of the future not just to innovate, but to safely provide highly-reliable patient care. Some healthcare organizations have established the utilization of lean methodologies as a tool for process improvement. Other philosophies and methods such as Six-Sigma have also been introduced into hospitals to guide quality. Many of these efforts have provided theories or perspectives of quality improvement without being firmly connected to a model of application relative to clinical process design, process formulation, or process readiness. Hospitals often fail to recognize this gap and subsequently roll out multiple overarching quality improvement initiatives. This research examines some of the methods and activities of continuous healthcare improvement that frame clinical process design. In addition to providing an overview of current activities and methods, this research will explore to what extent standardized models for process design were followed in the course of using lean or other quality improvement initiatives. The research will conclude with a recommended best practice discussion for a healthcare process design framework and future applicability to the work of code blue standardization.
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Van, der Watt Cecil Clifford. "Design considerations of a semantic metadata repository in home-based healthcare." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2300.
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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.The research was conducted as part of a socio-tech initiative undertaken at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. The socio-tech initiative overall focus was on addressing issues faced by rural and under-resourced communities in South Africa, specifically looking at Home-Based Healthcare (HBHC) primarily in the Western Cape. As research into the HBHC context in rural and under-resourced communities continued numerous issues around data and data-elements came to light. These data issues were especially prevalent in relation to the various paper forms being used by the HBHC initiatives that attempt to deliver care in these communities. The communities have the tendency to suffer from poor access to formal healthcare services and healthcare facilities. The data issues were primarily in terms of how data was defines and used within the HBHC initiatives. Within the HBHC initiatives that cater for rural and under-resourced communities there was a clear prevalence of paper-based systems, and a very low penetration of IT-based solution. Because similar and related data-elements are used throughout the paper forms and within different context these data-elements are inconsistently used and presented. The paper forms further obfuscate these inconsistencies as the paper forms regularly change due to internal and external factors. When these paper forms are changed date elements are added or removed without the changes to the underlying ontologies being considered.
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Scalli, Leanne Elizabeth. "Accessibility to Health Care Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5522.
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The study was an investigation into health care accessibility for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) following the transition to a private Medicaid system in the state of Florida. Pilot studies of managed Medicaid programs focused on costs and did not address how changes to the system impacted access to health care services. There were limited studies designed to understand how a change in the system, such as a privatization, would affect vulnerable populations such as young children with ASD. Additional concerns existed for children that were historically underserved by the health care system such as African American and Latino children because they typically had more difficulty accessing health care services in general. A modified version of the Consumer Assessment of Health Providers and System (CAHPS) Survey 4.0 was used in this study. The modifications to the survey included reducing the number of survey questions and adding open-ended questions. 86 participants were recruited from local organizations that supported children and families affected by ASD. Findings generated using nonparametric tests such as the Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square revealed delays in accessing therapeutic health care services that were pervasive in both private and public insurance groups. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis indicated that participants did not view their difficulties in accessing therapeutic health care services as related to race or ethnicity. Limitations of the study included the modifications made to the survey instrument. Implications for positive social change include a better understanding of the scope of the issue of therapeutic health care access for those advocating on behalf of children and families affected by autism.
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Cai, Yi. "INTEGRATED WEARABLE SENSING AND SMART COMPUTING FOR MOBILE PARKINSONIAN HEALTHCARE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1617620318291192.
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Gautam, Sanjay Kumar S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Healthcare market outlook and emerging technologies in India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100375.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, February 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 77).
Usage in information technology (IT) have improved efficiency and quality in many industries. Healthcare has not been one of them. Although some administrative IT systems, such as those for billing, scheduling, and inventory management, are already in place in the healthcare industry, little adoption of clinical IT, such as Electronic Medical Record Systems (EMR-S) and Clinical Decision Support tools, has occurred. India's healthcare information technology market is slow with technology adoption but there is little traction shown in last couple of years. This growth is expected to hit US $1.45 billion in 2018, more than three times the US $381.3 million reached in 2012. The increase in adoption of electronic health records, mHealth, telemedicine, and Web-based services has made electronic patient data expand, necessitating the implementation of robust IT systems in Indian healthcare institutions. Information technology (IT) has the potential to improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of health care. Diffusion of IT in health care is generally low (varying, however, with the application and setting) but surveys indicate that providers plan to increase their investments. Drivers of investment in IT include the promise of quality and efficiency gains. Barriers include the cost and complexity of IT implementation, which often necessitates significant work process and cultural changes. Given IT's potential, both the private and public sectors have engaged in numerous efforts to promote its use within and across health care settings. Delivering quality health care requires providers and patients to integrate complex information from many different sources. Thus, increasing the ability of physicians, nurses, clinical technicians, and others to readily access and use the right information about their patients should improve care. The purpose of this thesis is to assess the current state of healthcare in India and specifically look into the emerging technology trends in healthcare IT. During analysis secondary data has been used. Various articles and research papers published in national and international journals are used. India is hub of IT and its use is increasing in health sector.
by Sanjay Kumar Gautam.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Ren, Haiying S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Transition to cloud computing in healthcare information systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76507.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-63).
This thesis is a study on the adoption of cloud computing in healthcare information technology industry. It provides a guideline for people who are trying to bring cloud computing into healthcare information systems through the use of a framework of tools and processes to overcome both technical and business challenges.
by Haiying Ren.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Chaudhary, Anjali S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "System dynamics approach to healthcare affordability in India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105305.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages [66]-[67]).
Affordability of healthcare is a growing concern across the world. For India, with a population of over 1.2 billion people and one third of world's poorest, to provide affordable and sustainable healthcare to all its citizens becomes even more challenging. The country faces the triple burden of controlling communicable diseases, managing non communicable diseases, and limiting the deaths from injury and mental health. The public healthcare system is underfunded and underutilized while the private facilities are unregulated and unaccountable for quality and cost of care. The high reliance of the population on the private facilities, low insurance coverage, and high emphasis on curative care than the preventive care is further making the cost prohibitive for the general population. There is a lot to be desired in the areas of Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, and Research and Development for a holistic development of healthcare system in India. This thesis attempts to model the current healthcare system and how different entities of the system interact to influence the affordability. The simulation of the model projects the affordability in the next 50 years. The study also checks the impact of three different policies on the affordability of care.
by Anjali Chaudhary.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Simmons, Geoffrey Alan. "The Healing Environment: A Healthcare Center for Cancer Patients." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1217266157.
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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisor: David Niland. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Oct. 23, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: cancer; healthcare; healing; environment; design. Includes bibliographical references.
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Whitaker, David S. "The Use of Evidence-Based Design in Hospital Renovation Projects." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6692.
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Since the 1960s, researchers have been exploring how the design of the built environment impacts the health and well-being of occupants and users. By the 1980s, further research began to focus on healthcare facilities in particular and how design could influence patient healing and medical staff performance (Alfonsi, 2014). Evidence-Based Design (EBD) is "the process of basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes" (CHD, 2016). The desired outcomes of Evidence-Based Design recommendations include improvements in the following: patient healing, patient experience and comfort, medical staff performance, and medical staff job satisfaction (CHD, 2017). Extensive research has been done on the subject of EBD; however, the question remains whether or not the latest research findings are being utilized by the design and construction industries in practice. The purpose of this research is to determine whether or not the latest scientific knowledge and research findings are being implemented into hospital renovation projects by the healthcare design and construction industries. A list of recommendations from existing EBD literature was compiled. Construction documents from 30 recent healthcare facility renovation projects across the United States were then obtained and analyzed. The findings indicate that EBD recommendations are being adopted in practice at consistently high levels. These findings also reveal that there are still areas of potential improvement which could inform those who influence or determine building and design codes, standards, and guidelines. The results are instructive to owners, designers, and contractors by providing a glimpse into how well the industry is recognizing and implementing known best practices. The findings likewise open up new opportunities for further research which could lead to additional improvement in the healthcare facilities of the future.
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Jackson, Christopher T. M. D. "Synergistic Ethos: A Hybrid Approach to Designing Process Improvement for Healthcare Providers." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1572879083218549.
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