Academic literature on the topic 'Health service areas Victoria'

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Journal articles on the topic "Health service areas Victoria"

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Ansari, Z., MJ Ackland, NJ Carson, and BCK Choi. "Small Area Analysis of Diabetes Complications: Opportunities for Targeting Public Health and Health Services Interventions." Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, no. 3 (2005): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05045.

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The objective of this paper is to present small area analyses of diabetes complications in Victoria, Australia, and to illustrate their importance for targeting public health and health services interventions. Local government areas in Victoria were aggregated into 32 Primary Care Partnerships (PCP), which are voluntary alliances of primary care providers. The 32 PCP areas were used as the basic geographic units for small area analyses. Admission rates for diabetes complications were age and sex standardised using the direct method and the 1996 Victorian population as the reference. Admission rate ratios were calculated using the Victorian admission rates as the reference. The 95 per cent confidence intervals for the standardised admission rate ratios were based on the Poisson distribution. There was a wide variation (almost fivefold) in admission rates for diabetes complications across the PCP catchments, with the lowest standardised rate ratio of 0.37 and the highest of 1.75. There were 11 PCPs (seven metropolitan, four rural) with admission rate ratios significantly higher than the Victorian average. The seven metropolitan PCPs contributed more than 43% of all admissions and bed days for diabetes complications in Victoria. Small area analyses of diabetes complications are an exciting new development aimed at stimulating an evidence-based dialogue between local area health service providers, planners and policy-makers. The purpose is to provide opportunities to target public health and health services interventions at the local level to improve the management of diabetes complications in the community.
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McLennan, Fiona, Kate Vickers, Kylie Mason, Karen Bloomberg, Victoria Leadbetter, and Meg Engel. "Capacity Building and Complex Communication Needs: A New Approach to Specialist Speech Pathology Services in Rural Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 12, no. 2 (2006): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py06024.

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The aim of this article is to provide a description of the establishment of an innovative approach to improving speech pathology services and community inclusion of people with complex communication needs in rural Victoria. The East Hume Regional Communication Service was established by Ovens and King Community Health Service in partnership with Wodonga Regional Health Service in 2004 as part of a "hub and spoke" network of services across Victoria for people with complex communication needs. Unlike traditional speech pathology services that historically have focused on clinical one-to-one intervention, the Regional Communication Service has a strong focus on community capacity building, enhancing inclusion of people with complex communication needs through improved knowledge, skills and attitudes. This paper will review the relevant literature and outline the Victorian Government policy context within which the service was established. Service highlights and successful initiatives will be described and key factors contributing to the success of the East Hume Regional Communication Service will be explored. Areas for process improvement during the initial two years of operation will also be discussed. This article will provide an insight into establishment of a service delivery model addressing both individual needs and community inclusion that has the potential to be extended across multiple disciplines and areas of practice within rural Australia.
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Alford, Katrina. "Reforming Victoria's primary health and community service sector:rural implications." Australian Health Review 23, no. 3 (2000): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah000058.

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In 1999 the Victorian primary care and community support system began a process of substantial reform, involvingpurchasing reforms and a contested selection process between providers in large catchment areas across the State.The Liberal Government's electoral defeat in September 1999 led to a review of these reforms. This paper questionsthe reforms from a rural perspective. They were based on a generic template that did not consider rural-urbandifferences in health needs or other differences including socio-economic status, and may have reinforced if notaggravated rural-urban differences in the quality of and access to primary health care in Victoria.
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Teshuva, Karen, Heather Russell, and Laura Varanelli. "The Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service quality improvement framework." Australian Journal of Primary Health 14, no. 2 (2008): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08026.

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The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and evaluation of the Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) quality improvement framework. The framework was developed in 2001 by a reference group consisting of ACAS managers and government officers, to enable ACAS to engage in a quality improvement process specific to its core areas of business. The framework comprises seven core business domains which are used by the ACAS for annual quality improvement planning and reporting. Using the qualitative methodology of thematic analysis, the ACAS Evaluation Unit has examined annual quality improvement reports submitted by the 18 Victorian ACAS teams from 2002-03 to 2006-07. The findings were used to revise the framework and the ACAS quality improvement reporting template. The number and range of ACAS-related quality improvement activities carried out in Victoria since the implementation of the framework demonstrates its effectiveness as a mechanism for capturing and centrally recording quality improvement activities in areas of core ACAS business. The paper concludes that the Victorian QI framework could be drawn on to develop a quality improvement framework for the Aged Care Assessment Program nationwide.
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Paxton, Georgia A., Pete C. G. Spink, Margaret H. Danchin, Lauren Tyrrell, Chelsea L. Taylor, Susan Casey, and Hamish R. Graham. "Catching up with catch-up: a policy analysis of immunisation for refugees and asylum seekers in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 6 (2018): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17049.

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This study examines catch-up immunisation for people of refugee-like background in Victoria, exploring effective models of service delivery to complete catch-up vaccinations. The analysis is based on: (i) review of the medical literature, Commonwealth and Victorian government immunisation policy and immunisation patient information; (ii) review of vaccination coverage and service delivery data; and (iii) stakeholder interviews completed in 2014 with 45 people from 34 agencies, including 9 local government areas in Victoria. Although refugees and asylum seekers all need catch-up vaccinations on arrival, they face significant barriers to completing immunisation in Australia. Analysis suggests missed opportunities by service providers and perceptions that catch-up vaccination is time-consuming, difficult and resource-intensive. Service delivery is fragmented across primary care and local government, and pathways depend on age, location and healthcare access. There are strengths, but also limitations in all current service delivery models. Gaps in vaccine funding for refugee-like populations have now been addressed through Commonwealth initiatives, however migration is still not well considered in immunisation policy, and existing systems for notification payments do not capture catch-up vaccination for these groups. Providers identify areas for improvement in professional development and support, patient information, patient-held records and immunisation surveillance data.
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McDonald, Paul. "From Streets to Sidewalks: Developments in Primary Care Services for Injecting Drug Users." Australian Journal of Primary Health 8, no. 1 (2002): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py02010.

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Primary Health Care for the Injecting Drug User (IDU) has been established in Victoria in recognition of the serious health needs of IDUs, which require a relevant and effective response. Research shows the medical consequences that flow from drug abuse, ranging from the onset of blood borne viruses to cardiovascular conditions, and the propensity of drug users to access health services only through accident and emergency areas of hospitals. In 1999, the Victorian government announced the funding of five Local Drug Strategies in five of Melbourne's 'hotspot' street drug areas to address both the needs of users and communities in relation to substance abuse. This funding was an impetus to establish and trial the concept of primary health services, combining both a fixed site and a mobile outreach service. These services are designed to meet the primary health needs of street-based injecting drug users who are at high risk of experiencing overdose or other forms of drug-related harm.
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J. Mayhew-Rankcom, Vanessa, Melissa A. Lindeman, Keith D. Hill, and Robyn A. Smith. "Who Should Get Personal Alarms? The Development of Instruments for the Assessment of Need." Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, no. 3 (2001): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01047.

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Personal alarms or Personal Response Systems (PRSs) are electronic systems designed to enable frail older people and people with disabilities living at home to summon help in an emergency. The demand for government subsidised PRSs in Victoria (called Personal Alert Victoria) currently exceeds supply (Department of Human Services, 1998) but until now there has been no consistently applied method to ensure that those at highest risk had access to the service. Instruments to aid assessment and determining relative priority for receiving a PRS were developed for the Victorian Department of Human Services (DHS). The development of the instruments was largely informed by the published literature on PRSs and falls risk factors. Three major areas were identified as important in assessing for relative priority to receive a PRS: the client?s assessed risk of being involved in a critical incident requiring immediate assistance, such as a fall; the availability of alternative means of accessing immediate assistance; and the expected impact that a PRS would have on the client?s and/or carer?s wellbeing and their ability to engage in important activities. The process for selecting the items used to determine need in each of these key areas is described, as is the recommended method for determining relative priority. The process for assessing clients to receive a PRS is outlined, emphasising that a PRS is one potential service outcome of an assessment of need.
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Keeves, Jemma, Belinda Gabbe, Sarah Arnup, Christina Ekegren, and Ben Beck. "Serious Injury in Metropolitan and Regional Victoria: Exploring Travel to Treatment and Utilisation of Post-Discharge Health Services by Injury Type." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 14063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114063.

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This study aimed to describe regional variations in service use and distance travelled to post-discharge health services in the first three years following hospital discharge for people with transport-related orthopaedic, brain, and spinal cord injuries. Using linked data from the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) and Transport Accident Commission (TAC), we identified 1597 people who had sustained transport-related orthopaedic, brain, or spinal cord injuries between 2006 and 2016 that met the study inclusion criteria. The adjusted odds of GP service use for regional participants were 76% higher than for metropolitan participants in the orthopaedic and traumatic brain injury (TBI) groups. People with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in regional areas had 72% lower adjusted odds of accessing mental health, 76% lower adjusted odds of accessing OT services, and 82% lower adjusted odds of accessing physical therapies compared with people living in major cities. People with a TBI living in regional areas on average travelled significantly further to access all post-discharge health services compared with people with TBI in major cities. For visits to medical services, the median trip distance for regional participants was 76.61 km (95%CI: 16.01–132.21) for orthopaedic injuries, 104.05 km (95% CI: 51.55–182.78) for TBI, and 68.70 km (95%CI: 8.34–139.84) for SCI. Disparities in service use and distance travelled to health services exist between metropolitan Melbourne and regional Victoria following serious injury.
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Savage, Sally, Susan Bailey, David Wellman, and Sharon Brady. "Service Provision Factors that Affect the Health and Wellbeing of People Living in a Lower SES Environment: The Perspective of Service Providers." Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, no. 3 (2005): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05037.

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Inequalities in health and wellbeing within low socioeconomic (SES) environments are well documented. Factors inherent to the health care system itself, such as inaccessible, inflexible or inappropriate service provision, contribute to the poorer health status of residents of low SES areas. This paper explores the issues of service provision in low SES areas, documenting the perceptions of service providers about the service needs of residents, in order to understand the systemic factors that negatively impact on health and wellbeing. A total of 54 health and welfare service providers from two adjacent low SES suburbs within regional Victoria were interviewed using qualitative research methods. Key findings indicate that successful navigation of health care services by residents within these low SES environments is being impeded by issues of access, a lack of appropriate early intervention options or measures, and general resident disempowerment. Central to the improvement of service provision is the need for services to become economically, geographically and culturally accessible. In particular, the importance of community involvement in health planning and health promoting services must be reflected in the ethos of service provision.
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Fabb, Linda. "Community Health and the Environment." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 3 (1996): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96045.

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Case Study One: The Lead Project: Public Health On The Ground: Doutta Galla Community Health Service (DGCHS) is located in Victoria, in Melbourne's inner West. It aims to provide health care services, and health education and promotion to a culturally diverse and changing community. It currently services two local council areas and a population of 146,000 people, with a further 249,000 coming into the area daily for work, study or shopping. It covers four of Melbourne's largest public housing estates and large groups of people from Non-English Speaking Background including South America, the Horn of Africa, Turkey, Vietnam and China.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Health service areas Victoria"

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Erhardt, Erik Barry. "Bayesian Simultaneous Intervals for Small Areas: An Application to Mapping Mortality Rates in U.S. Health Service Areas." Link to electronic thesis, 2004. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0105104-195633/.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: Poisson-Gamma Regression; MCMC; Bayesian; Small Area Estimation; Simultaneous Inference; Statistics Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-67).
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Sermsri, Daovilay Banchongphanithpha hpani Santhat. "Utilization of health center service among the villagers in rural areas of Khonkaen Province, Thailand /." Abstract, 2005. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2548/cd375/4737954.pdf.

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Shaikh, Babar Tasneem. "Determinants of health seeking behaviours and health service utilization : an analytical study of health seeking behaviours in the Northern areas of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501601.

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Currently the health policy planning process in Pakistan is impaired by a lack of analysis of how people use public, private and informal health care. Understanding the drivers of health seeking behaviour is important in order to develop rational policies to provide efficient, effective, acceptable, cost-effective, affordable and accessible health services and an overall responsive health care system. Better information is required on the determinants of health seeking behaviour such as socio-demographic, economic, physical accessibility, financial accessibility, women's autonomy and health service factors. To study the determinants of health seeking behaviour and their role in health service utilization in the population of the Northern Areas of Pakistan; and to improve the health policy planning process by providing evidence based information to the local government and the health care providers (private and traditional).
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Bocskay, Ildiko Roxane. "Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections in the Eight Service Planning Areas of Los Angeles County." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2473.

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Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become resistant to antibiotics. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective cohort study was to examine the relationship between length of hospitalization and invasive MRSA infection rates among different racial and ethnic groups in the 8 service planning areas (SPAs) of Los Angeles County. Cane, O'Connor, and Michie's theoretical domain framework was used. Secondary data from the Healthcare-Associated (HA) Infections Program of the California Department of Public Health were analyzed. For the first research question, a Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationships between length of hospitalization and invasive HA-MRSA infection rates and counts. Length of hospital stay was not correlatedwith HA-MRSA infection rates; however, it was strongly and positively correlated with HA-MRSA infection counts. For the second research question, a one-way ANOVA was conducted on the infection count rate data, with SPA as the between-subjects factor. The results were statistically significant, indicating that HA-MRSA infection counts varied among the 8 SPAs. The findings might help medical professionals better understand the risk factors associated with MRSA infections. In doing so, findings may relieve some of the burden on the U.S. health care system and improve the overall quality of life of the patients involved.
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Vinod, Shalini Kavita Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "A lung cancer patterns of care study in the South Western Sydney Area Health Service." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22463.

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Background: The South Western Sydney Area Health Service (SWSAHS) contains many areas of socio-economic disadvantage and ethnic diversity. It has a high incidence of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer deaths. The aims of this study were to document lung cancer patterns of care (POC) for SWSAHS residents, compare POC before and after the opening of an oncology centre in SWSAHS and compare POC with other areas in NSW. Methods: The study population consisted of SWSAHS residents diagnosed with lung cancer in 1993 and 1996. A clinical audit of medical records was performed to extract details on patient demographics, management of lung cancer and outcomes. Collaborating investigators performed identical studies in the Northern Sydney Area Health Service (NSAHS) and the Hunter Area Health Service (HAHS) for lung cancers diagnosed in 1996. Results: The SWSAHS study population comprised 527 patients. Nine percent did not have a pathological diagnosis. Twelve percent did not see a lung cancer specialist. Twenty-eight percent did not receive any treatment throughout the course of their illness. The median survival was 6.7 months and five-year actuarial survival was 8% (95% CI 6%-10%). Increasing age and poorer performance status were associated with a lower likelihood of obtaining a pathological diagnosis, specialist referral and treatment. Socio-economic factors did not influence POC. The establishment of an oncology center resulted in more referrals to medical oncologists and palliative care services. Other aspects of POC and survival were similar. Variability in POC was noted between SWSAHS, NSAHS and HAHS. HAHS residents were almost twice as likely not to have pathological confirmation of diagnosis or treatment. Despite this survival was not significantly different. Conclusions: This study has identified deficiencies in the management of lung cancer. To improve outcomes, referral to specialists and utilisation of treatment, particularly radiotherapy and chemotherapy, needs to be increased. Ageist and nihilistic attitudes need to be overcome. Prospective data collection is necessary to ensure quality of patient care. The formation of national guidelines for the management of lung cancer will play an important role in achieving better outcomes.
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White, Christopher P. "NHS resource allocation 1997 to 2003 with particular reference to the impact on rural areas." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/825.

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Wilson, Gwendolyn Dianne. "A hearing services program for rural elderly individuals based upon their knowledge, preferences, attitudes and needs for these services /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1991. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1116119x.

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Thesis (Ed.D.) -- Teachers College, Columbia University, 1991.
Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Seymour Rigrodsky. Dissertation Committee: Eleanor B. Morrison. Includes bibliographical references: (leaves 82-87).
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Asfaw, Abay. "Costs of illness, demand for medical care, and the prospect of community health insurance schemes in the rural areas of Ethiopia /." Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2003. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=010171224&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Mofokeng, Shoeshoe. "Views of health service providers on the need for support services for HIV-positive mothers in the rural areas of Lesotho : an ecological perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96969.

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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is one of the worst pandemics affecting the world today. It cuts across all boundaries and many people are infected as well as affected. The virus has reached all the corners of the globe, but the most hit by it is Africa, especially southern Africa, which carries more than half of the population infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. The top five countries whose populationsare infected with HIV are in southern Africa. Lesotho is amongst the top three on this list and also has problems of poverty and a high unemployment rate. Women and children, who are the target groups that are most affected by poverty, are also those living in rural areas. Thus, being an HIV-positive mother living in the rural areas of Lesotho means one has to deal with poverty, the inaccessibility of services and the psychological impacts of HIV. The aim of the study was to gain a better understanding of the views of health service providers on the need and accessibility of support services for HIV-positive mothers in the rural areas of Lesotho from an ecological perspective. To achieve this aim, the objectives were: to offer an overview of the phenomenon of HIV and describe the psychosocial needs and sociocultural circumstance of HIV-positive mothers in the rural areas of Lesotho, and to discuss the HIV-positive mothers’ need for support services from an ecological perspective. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used. The research utilised exploratory and descriptive design. Purposive sampling was used to select the 30 participants who took part in the study. Data was gathered by means of semi-structured questionnaires that were administered during individual interviews. The questionnaires were formulated on the basis of information retrieved during the literature review. The findings of the study reveal that HIV-positive mothers living in the rural areas of Lesotho have economic, social and cultural circumstance as factors hindering their treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. They are also faced with the psychological impacts of HIV, and the findings revealed that disclosure was the key to addressing their problems. The findings also show that most mothers receivedemotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal support from their families at the micro-level of the ecological perspective. The other levels – meso, exo and macro – provided only limited support for the mothers. The recommendations are that these mothers need social support at all levels of the ecological perspective to meet their needs
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/vigs is een van die ergste pandemies in die moderne wêreld. Dit ken geen grense nie, en vele mense ly hetsy daaraan of daaronder. Die virus het reeds alle uithoeke van die aarde bereik. Tog gaan Afrika, veral Suider-Afrika, die swaarste daaronder gebuk, en word meer as die helfte van die totale populasie wat aan of onder MIV/vigs ly hier aangetref. Die vyf lande met die hoogste MIV-infeksiesyfers ter wêreld is almal in die streek geleë. Lesotho is een van die drie lande boaan hierdie lys, en het terselfdertyd te kampe met die probleme van armoede en ’n hoë werkloosheidsyfer. Vroue en kinders, synde die groepe wat die ergste deur armoede geraak word, woon ook meestal in landelike gebiede. ’n MIV-positiewe moeder in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho moet dus armoede, ontoeganklike dienste sowel as die sielkundige uitwerking van MIV trotseer. Die doel van hierdie studie was om vanuit die ekologiese perspektief ’n beter begrip te vorm van gesondheidsdiensverskaffers se sienings oor die behoefte aan en toeganklikheid van steundienste vir MIV-positiewe moeders in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho. Om hierdie doel te bereik, was die oogmerke om ’n oorsig van die MIV-verskynsel te bied, die psigososiale behoeftes en sosiokulturele omstandighede van MIV-positiewe moeders in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho te beskryf, en die moeders se behoefte aan steundienste vanuit die ekologiese perspektief te bespreek. ’n Kwantitatiewe sowel as ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode is gevolg, en die navorser het van ’n verkennende en beskrywende ontwerp gebruik gemaak. Doelgerigte steekproefneming is gebruik om die 30 studiedeelnemers te kies. Data is met behulp van semigestruktureerde vraelyste gedurende individuele onderhoude ingesamel. Die vraelyste is opgestel op grond van inligting wat in die literatuuroorsig bekom is. Die studie bevind dat ekonomiese, maatskaplike en kulturele omstandighede MIV/vigs-behandeling en -voorkoming vir MIV-positiewe vroue in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho belemmer. Daarbenewens moet hulle die sielkundige uitwerking van MIV die hoof bied, en die studie dui op openbaarmaking as die sleutel om hul probleme te hanteer. Die bevindinge toon ook dat die meeste moeders emosionele, fisiese, inligting- en bevestigende steun van hul families op die mikrovlak van die ekologiese perspektief ontvang. Die ander vlakke – meso, ekso en makro – bied slegs beperkte steun. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat hierdie moeders op alle vlakke van die ekologiese perspektief maatskaplike steun moet ontvang om in hul behoeftes te voorsien.
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Brophy, Lisa Mary. "Using the emancipatory values of social work as a guide to the investigation : what processes and principles represent good practice with people on community treatment orders ? /." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/5760.

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This research explores good practice with people on CTOs - via a case study of one area mental health service in Victoria. The emancipatory values of Social Work were used to guide the investigation, thereby ensuring the involvement of consumers and their families or carers. Critical Social Work theory provided an important theoretical base for the research, and both critical theory and pragmatism supported the methodology. A mixed methods approach was undertaken. This included a cluster analysis of 164 people on CTOs. Three clusters emerged from the exploratory cluster analysis. These clusters, labelled ‘connected’, ‘young males’ and ‘chaotic’ are discussed in relation to their particular characteristics. The results from the cluster analysis were used to inform the recruitment of four people on CTOs who were the central focus of case studies that represented the different clusters. Semi-structured group interviews were also undertaken to enhance the triangulation of data collection and analysis. This resulted in 29 semi-structured interviews with multiple informants, including consumers, family/carers, case managers, doctors, Mental Health Review Board members and senior managers. The data analysis was guided by a general inductive approach that was supported by the use of NVivo 7.
Five principles, and the processes required to enable them, emerged from the qualitative data: 1) use and develop direct practice skills, 2) take a human rights perspective, 3) focus on goals and desired outcomes, 4) aim for quality of service delivery, and, 5) enhance and enable the role of key stakeholders. These principles are discussed and then applied to the case studies in order to consider their potential relevance to practice within a diverse community of CTO recipients. The application of the principles identified two further findings: 1) that the principles are interdependent, and 2) the relevance of the principles varies depending on the characteristics of the consumer. The two most important findings to emerge from this thesis are that: 1) people on CTOs, their family/carers, and service providers are a diverse community of people who have a range of problems, needs and preferences in relation to either being on a CTO or supporting someone on a CTO; and 2) the implementation of CTOs is influenced by social and structural issues that need to be considered in developing any recognition or understanding about what represents good practice. Recommendations relating to each of the principles are made, along with identification of future research questions. A particular focus is whether application of the principles will enable improvements in practice on a range of measures, including reducing the use of CTOs, and the experience of coercion by consumers.
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Books on the topic "Health service areas Victoria"

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Auditor-General, Victoria Office of the. Energy efficiency in the health sector. Melbourne, Vic: Victorian Government Printer, 2012.

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Saskatoon Health District Ward Boundary Committee (Sask.). Saskatoon Health District Ward Boundary Committee: Final report. [Saskatoon]: The Committee, 1995.

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Haywood, Stuart. District health authorities in action two years on: A progress report. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, Health Services Management Centre, 1985.

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Saskatchewan. Assiniboine Valley Health District Ward Boundary Committee. Final report. Invermay, Sask: Assiniboine Valley Health District Board, 1995.

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Pekurinen, Markku. Terveyspiiri: Eräs alueellisten sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen järjestämisen malli. Helsinki: Stakes, 2006.

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Almeida, Eurivaldo Sampaio de. Distritos sanitários: Concepção e organização. São Paulo: Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Saúde, 1998.

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Hull, David. The health service for the children of Leeds and surrounding areas. Leeds: Leeds Healthcare, 1995.

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Codde, Jim. A summary of the socio-demographic profile of Western Australian health services. [Western Australia]: Epidemiology & Analytical Services, Health Information Centre, Health Department, 1997.

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J, McThomas Delphine, and Talk-Sanchez Jayne, eds. Navajo nation & regional areas resource directory. [Washington, D.C: Indian Health Service], 1998.

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United States. Indian Health Service. Navajo nation & regional areas resource directory. [Washington, D.C: Indian Health Service], 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Health service areas Victoria"

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Wang, Fahui, and Changzhen Wang. "Analysis of Spatial Behavior of Health Care Utilization in Distance Decay." In GIS Automated Delineation of Hospital Service Areas, 39–60. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429260285-3.

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Calandrini, Enrico, Lorenzo Paglione, Anna Maria Bargagli, Nera Agabiti, Alessandra Battisti, Livia Maria Salvatori, Maurizio Marceca, et al. "Does Urbanization Correlate with Health Service Assistance? an Observational Study in Rome, Italy." In Equity in Health and Health Promotion in Urban Areas, 95–111. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16182-7_6.

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Pinheiro, Diego, Ryan Hartman, Erick Romero, Ronaldo Menezes, and Martin Cadeiras. "Network-Based Delineation of Health Service Areas: A Comparative Analysis of Community Detection Algorithms." In Complex Networks XI, 359–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40943-2_30.

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Balagopal, Gayathri, and Aruna Rose Mary Kapanee. "Strategising Community Mental Health Service Provision for Underserved Areas and Resource-Poor Population: Satellite Clinics, and Care and Support Programme of Antara." In Mental Health Care Services in Community Settings, 95–120. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9101-9_4.

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Harada, Hidenori. "Social Allocation of the Health Risks in Sanitation." In Global Environmental Studies, 129–49. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7711-3_8.

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AbstractSanitation can change the fate of excreta and control the emission to the living and ambient environment, leading to the reduction of fecal exposure and the mitigation of fecal–oral infectious risk. The fate of excreta and its associated health risks in sanitation, however, may not be limited within the living boundary of a single person or even within a community. Based on examples in Vietnam, this chapter demonstrates the transfer of health risks in sanitation and its allocation in society. Along a river, fecal pollutants and the associated health risks were transferred from the urban upstream areas to rural downstream areas, resulting in the change of livelihood downstream. Resource-oriented sanitation was enabled at the expense of female farmers’ health risks through their handling of fecal matter, indicating a gender-related risk allocation. This chapter also discusses the health risk allocation of modern sewerages between those who flush excreta and those who work in the sewerages, and that of on-site sanitation along the sanitation service chain. Since sanitation possibly causes the transfer of health risks in society, sound social allocation and mitigation of health risks are essential to address social challenges in sanitation.
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Lee, Po-Chang, Shwu-Huey Wu, Yu-Pin Chang, and Joyce Tsung-Hsi Wang. "Innovative Applications of the Medical Information." In Digital Health Care in Taiwan, 129–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05160-9_7.

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AbstractThe National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) began a pilot telemedicine program for people in remote areas after the Ministry of Health and Welfare expanded the eligibility for telemedicine. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare system also accelerated the inclusion of telemedicine in the scheme. This chapter discusses how 5G facilitates telemedicine services; for example, the virtual National Health Insurance (NHI) card could bring comprehensive medical service to more settings, such as home-based medical care, by virtualizing the identification process.The NHI played a pivotal role in Taiwan’s battle against COVID-19. Besides providing travel history, occupation, contact history, and cluster to medical providers on the NHI MediCloud systems, the NHI virtual private network system was used to distribute medical masks through contracted pharmacies in the early stage of the pandemic. Moreover, the NHIA pulled in data, including vaccination history and polymerase chain reaction test results, from the NHI database to the NHI Express app so that the public can manage their health promptly. The last part of the chapter discusses Taiwan’s successful story of opening data to the private sectors to carry out the name-based medical mask distribution system.
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Belcore, Elena, Vincenzo Di Pietra, Nives Grasso, Marco Piras, Francesco Tondolo, Pierclaudio Savino, Daniel Rodriguez Polania, and Anna Osello. "Towards a FOSS Automatic Classification of Defects for Bridges Structural Health Monitoring." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 298–312. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94426-1_22.

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AbstractBridges are among the most important structures of any road network. During their service life, they are subject to deterioration which may reduce their safety and functionality. The detection of bridge damage is necessary for proper maintenance activities. To date, assessing the health status of the bridge and all its elements is carried out by identifying a series of data obtained from visual inspections, which allows the mapping of the deterioration situation of the work and its conservation status. There are, however, situations where visual inspection may be difficult or impossible, especially in critical areas of bridges, such as the ceiling and corners. In this contribution, the authors acquire images using a prototype drone with a low-cost camera mounted upward over the body of the drone. The proposed solution was tested on a bridge in the city of Turin (Italy). The captured data was processed via photogrammetric process using the open-source Micmac solution. Subsequently, a procedure was developed with FOSS tools for the segmentation of the orthophoto of the intrados of the bridge and the automatic classification of some defects found on the analyzed structure. The paper describes the adopted approach showing the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
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Soon, Hooi Cheng, Pierangelo Geppetti, Chiara Lupi, and Boon Phiaw Kho. "Medication Safety." In Textbook of Patient Safety and Clinical Risk Management, 435–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59403-9_31.

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AbstractPharmacotherapy is the most common therapeutic intervention in healthcare to improve health outcomes of patients. However, there are many instances where prescribed medications resulted in patient morbidity and mortality instead. Medication errors can happen at any step of the medication use process, but a substantial burden of medication-related harm is focused primarily on three priority areas of healthcare delivery: transitions of care, polypharmacy and high-risk situations. This chapter highlights prevalence of issues concerning these three core areas and describes common medication errors as well as risk mitigation strategies to improve service delivery. An appreciation of these inherent risks will enable healthcare providers to navigate the pitfalls better and make efforts to ensure medication safety while providing health services.
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Ahwidy, Mansour, and Lyn Pemberton. "Assessing Ehealth Readiness Within the Libyan National Health Service by Carrying Out Research Case Studies of Hospitals and Clinics in Both Urban and Rural Areas of Libya." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 33–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62704-5_3.

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Lefebre, Filip, Koen De Ridder, Katerina Jupova, Judith Köberl, Dirk Lauwaet, Antonella Passani, Jan Remund, Patrick Willems, and Katrien Witpas. "Climate-Fit.City: Urban Climate Data and Services." In Springer Climate, 105–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_13.

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AbstractThe Climate-fit.City service (https://www.climate-fit.city) provides the best available scientific urban climate data and information for public and private end users operating in cities. Within the Climate-fit.City H2020 project, the benefits of urban climate information for end user communities was demonstrated, considering services in diverse domains (Climate and Health, Building Energy, Emergency Planning, Urban Planning, Active Mobility, Tourism and Cultural Heritage) to improve decision-making and to help end users to better address the consequences of climate change at the local scale. The socio-economic impact assessment performed in the Climate-fit.City project has demonstrated that, in all the cases, there are actual and potential added values in terms of public service effectiveness, economic impacts, policy innovation and social impacts. Further impact was also revealed in terms of raising awareness by end users, policymakers and the general public about climate change. These diversified impacts offer a variegated landscape of sub-areas and stakeholders that are touched upon by each climate service.
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Conference papers on the topic "Health service areas Victoria"

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Gremu, Chikumbutso, Alfredo Terzoli, and Mosiuoa Tsietsi. "HealthMessenger: An e-health service to support ICT deployments in poor areas." In 2016 IST-Africa Week Conference. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istafrica.2016.7530632.

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Sharma, Mahesh Kumar, and Kunwar Singh Vaisla. "E-health for rural areas of Uttarakhand under e-Governance service delivery model." In 2012 1st International Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology (RAIT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rait.2012.6194601.

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Kim, Hyun-Li, and Hyun Hyo Kim. "A Research on the Disabled in Rural Areas: Focused on their Health Service Accessibility and Rehabilitation Demand." In Green and Smart Technology 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.140.20.

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Song, Bei, and Guipin Que. "Analysis and Suggestions on the Current Situation of Mental Health Education and Social Psychological Service System in Ethnic Areas." In 6th International Conference on Education Reform and Modern Management (ERMM 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210513.019.

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Qingming Zhan, Xi Wang, and Richard Sliuzas. "A GIS-based method to assess the shortage areas of community health service — Case study in Wuhan, China." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5965635.

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Mutuura, Kamalatharsi, Mario Niederhauser, Nico Erb, and Freddie Van Den Anker. "User Requirements for a Health Care Service Based on Point-of-care Testing in the Context of Ambulatory Care and Telemedicine for Older People." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002098.

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In healthcare, point-of-care testing, i.e., diagnostic testing at the time and place of patient care, allows for early diagnosis and therefore timely treatment of various diseases. These on-site tests are particularly beneficial to people living in remote areas and those with limited mobility. Our study focused on the design of a service for older people, whereby ambulatory care and telemedicine consultations are based on point-of-care testing. Its aim was to elicit user requirements, specifically for the use case of iron deficiency in older people. A textual scenario was developed which formed the foundation for the simulated or “enacted” scenario, with both undergoing participatory evaluations. A wide range of “socio-technical” requirements were elicited that are expected to be crucial for the implementation of this service. Based on content analysis they were categorized into technology-, people-, organization- and environment-related requirements. The results are discussed regarding the specific use case and methods used.
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Haggins, Jana M., Edgar I. Cote, Kristine Morgan, and Ehab Shaheen. "Spill Consequence Analysis: A Method to Prioritize Integrity Excavations of Liquid Pipelines." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31645.

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Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) control programs are elements of pipeline integrity management. These programs often include in-line inspections (ILI’s) to identify, characterize and size anomalies, followed by field excavations to repair defects, remediate coating failures, and establish tool sizing accuracy. The highest priority excavations target anomalies with the lowest predicted remaining strength or deepest flaws. In cases where loss of pipeline integrity is highly consequential, selection of additional excavation sites based on the risk of failure is warranted. As specified in Annex B of CSA Z662-07, the risk of failure combines probability (typically based on the predicted remaining life of known corrosion or cracking features) with an evaluation of consequence along the pipeline length. Consequence evaluation typically considers the impacts of health and safety, environmental, property damage, public disruption, service interruption and financial loss. A practical methodology for evaluating consequence for liquid pipelines was developed for the NPS 10 Alberta Products Pipeline (APPL) in Alberta, Canada. Comprising of three (3) parts, the methodology starts with an evaluation of spill volume along the pipeline based on valve closure times and pipeline inventory drawdown. Combined with soil absorption data and topography, the spill volumes are used to model spill areas along the pipeline. Finally, the spill areas are overlaid on a classification of land use along the pipeline to quantify the relative spill consequence. The land use classification developed for this analysis has commonalities with the definitions for High Consequence Areas (HCA) and Unusually Sensitive Areas (USA) within U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR, Part 195). Prioritized segments of the pipeline with elevated consequence levels were identified and used with the probability of failure to calculate risk and prioritize sites for ILI excavation programs.
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Kumar, Anil, and Younus Sheikh. "An Assessment of Health Hazards in Valves for Gaseous Oxygen Service: Sources and Preventive Measures." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86018.

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Oxygen content in air is approximately 21% by volume. With many industrial uses, mainly in the manufacture of steel and chemicals, for metal cutting, welding ,hardening & scarfing, it is being transported as a non-liquefied gas at pressures of 138 bar (13800000 Pa) or above, also as a cryogenic fluid at pressures and temperatures below 13.8bar (1380000 Pa) & −146.5°C (126.65K). Commonly we found air separation plants produce ultra-pure oxygen (> 99.9% purity) via liquefaction of atmospheric air and separation of the oxygen by fractionation and thereby transported to the needy areas via pipelines. The research efforts directed towards technical assessment to establish the correlations between valve construction and turbulence and solving the complications in the transported ultra-pure oxygen gas in the pipelines and through mounted valves. Hence, it is necessary to study the performance, complexities and fire hazards associated with the valves transporting it and the preventive measures to avoid any catastrophic failure in ultra-pure gaseous oxygen services. The study was conducted on two isolation valves — each of ball and globe of relative size. It was realized that velocities of the ultrapure gaseous oxygen on the impingement sites inside the valve are beyond the safe limit as recommended by European Industrial Gas Association (EIGA) [4] and various other prominent industrial gas manufacturers. Moreover, globe valve gave relatively less turbulence and velocity at initial opening of the valve. The study revealed that majority of health hazards & accidents on industrial usage of ultra-pure gaseous oxygen media are the result of the inadequate awareness of the degreasing or cleaning and optimum material selection and construction of the valve and fittings on the industrial pipeline.
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Kazaz, Emriye. "Learning from Traditional House Architecture During the Covid-19 Pandemic Process." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 20-21 May 2021. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021305n8.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has brought many areas of life to a halt, from basic service areas such as education and health to social and cultural life and it caused people to isolate themselves from the outside world and to be locked in their homes for more than a year. In the dynamism of modern life, the houses used like hotels have become spaces such as workplaces, schools, sports halls and also isolation for individuals with infections in addition to the usual needs. Unfortunately, modern houses designed for certain basic needs of nuclear families have been insufficient to meet all these needs in pandemic conditions that suddenly emerged unexpectedly. However, traditional houses, with their spaces that allow different functions and flexible plan layouts, contain many design phenomena that are needed today. In this study, traditional Anatolian residential architecture will be examined in terms of plan solutions and spatial features, and inferences and evaluations will be made for the flexibility phenomenon and transformable spaces required by modern housing.
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Petersone, Mara, Karlis Ketners, and Dainis Krievins. "Integrate health care system performance assessment for value-based health care implementation in Latvia." In Research for Rural Development 2021 : annual 27th International scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.27.2021.018.

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Every year, efforts are applied worldwide, particularly in the European Union, to improve health care systems by increasing the added value of resources already available for health care financing by increasing the performance of health care systems. According to experts of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 20–40% of the resources are used for complications that could be avoided, for unnecessary treatment or administrative inefficiency. Therefore, a new initiative to improve health performance – the value-based health care concept (VBHC) is becoming increasingly popular in the world, and particularly in Europe. This scientific article aims to explore the possibilities of applying VBHC in Latvia and the interaction between various management tools in the field of health care. Application of the VBHC concept in Latvia is offered for discussion, where the outcome of the corresponding measure would be identified for each health service provider as part of a one-patient (care) pathway involving several independent health service providers. Based on the Health Care System Performance Assessment (HSPA), clinical (patient) pathways and indicators, to initiate an integrated VBHC model in four priority areas: circulatory system diseases, oncology, mental health, maternal and child health. Meta-analysis of the research is based on the use of qualitative data sources – the existing data sources from policies implemented by the Ministry of Health in Latvia and examples of the introduction of VBHC initiatives worldwide summarised by the VBHC Center Europe. The deductive research is based on the Value-Based Healthcare concept introduced by Porter and Teisberg (2007)
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Reports on the topic "Health service areas Victoria"

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Optenberg, Scott A., and Kathleen A. Moon. Tri-Service CHAMPUS Statistical Database Project (TCSDP): Outpatient Nonavailability Statement Procedures Health Services Command Catchment Areas Fiscal Year 1991. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb162183.

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Optenberg, Scott A., and Kathleen A. Moon. Tri-Service Champus Statistical Database Project (TCSDP): Department of Army Health Services Command Champus Catastrophic Payments for Second Quarter, Fiscal Year 1994. Gateway Catchment Areas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada279840.

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Optenberg, Scott A., and Kathleen A. Moon. Tri-Service Champus Statistical Database Project (TCSDP): Outpatient Nonavailability Statement Procedures Health Services Command Catchment Areas Fourth Quarter, Fiscal Year 1993 and Full Fiscal Year 1993 with Comparisons to Third Quarter, Fiscal Year 1993. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada274379.

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Cedergren, Elin, Diana Huynh, Michael Kull, John Moodie, Hjördís Rut Sigurjónsdóttir, and Mari Wøien Meijer. Public service delivery in the Nordic Region: An exercise in collaborative governance. Nordregio, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2021:4.1403-2503.

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Nordic welfare states are world renowned for providing high quality public services. Nordic municipal and regional authorities, in particular, play a central role in the delivery of key public services in areas, such as, health, education, and social care. However, in recent years, public authorities have faced several challenges which have reduced capacity and resources, including long periods of austerity following the 2008 financial crash, rapid demographic changes caused by an ageing population, and the COVID-19 health crisis. In response to these challenges many public authorities have looked to inter-regional, inter-municipal and cross-border collaborations to improve the quality and effectiveness of public service delivery (OECD 2017; ESPON 2019). Indeed, collaborative public service delivery is becoming increasingly prominent in the Nordic Region due to a highly decentralized systems of governance (Nordregio 20015; Eythorsson 2018).
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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong, and Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.

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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Syed Abbas, Soha Karam, and Jennifer Palmer. RCCE Strategies for Monkeypox Response. SSHAP, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.020.

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Given the health, social, and economic upheavals of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is understandable anxiety about another virus, monkeypox, quickly emerging in many countries around the world. In West and Central Africa, where the disease has been endemic for several decades, monkeypox transmission in humans usually occurs in short, controllable chains of infection after contact with infected animal reservoirs. Recent monkeypox infections have been identified in non-endemic regions, with most occurring through longer chains of human-to-human spread in people without a history of contact with animals or travel to endemic regions. These seemingly different patterns of disease have prompted public health investigation. However, ending chains of monkeypox transmission requires a better understanding of the social, ecological and scientific interconnections between endemic and non-endemic areas. This brief is intended to be read in conjunction with the companion brief entitled ‘Social Considerations for Monkeypox Response’.1 In this set of briefs, we lay out social considerations from previous examples of disease emergence to reflect on 1) the range of response strategies available to control monkeypox, and 2) specific considerations for monkeypox risk communication and community engagement (RCCE). These briefs are intended to be used by public health practitioners and advisors involved in developing responses to the ongoing monkeypox outbreak, particularly in non-endemic countries. This brief on RCCE strategies for monkeypox response was written by Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Syed Abbas (IDS), Soha Karam (Anthrologica), and Jennifer Palmer (LSHTM), with contributions from Hayley MacGregor (IDS), Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica), and Annie Wilkinson (IDS). It was reviewed by Will Nutland (The Love Tank CIC/PrEPster) and was edited by Victoria Haldane (Anthrologica). This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Lamarque, Hugh. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics between Uganda and Rwanda in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. SSHAP, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.044.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Uganda and Rwanda in the context of the 2022 outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Rwanda; Tanzania; Kenya; and South Sudan. The outbreak began in Mubende, Uganda on 19 September 2022, approximately 300 kilometres from the Uganda-Rwanda border. At the time of writing (November 2022) it has spread to nine Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization, its presence in the Uganda capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. Rwanda is categorised as Priority 1, with significant preparedness activities underway. As of November 2022, there had been no case of SVD imported from Uganda into Rwanda, although alerts have been triggered at border posts. This brief provides details about cross-border relations, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and specific areas and actors most at risk. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, news reports, previous ethnographic research in Rwanda and Uganda, and informal discussions with colleagues from Save the Children, UNICEF, UNECA, UNDP, IOM, TBI, and the World Bank. It was requested by the Collective Service, written by Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh) and supported by Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica. It was reviewed by colleagues from Save the Children, Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies and the Collective Service. This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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David, Fely, and Fely Chin. Factors that contribute to the varying performance of BSPOs and BHWs in the delivery of family planning services in Iloilo City. Population Council, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1994.1000.

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In 1992, the Population Council established the Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program in the Philippines. It brought together program managers and regional researchers to identify problem areas that might benefit from operations research. From Western Visayas (Region VI), the City Population Office (CPO) of Iloilo City in collaboration with the Social Science Research Institute of the Central Philippine University, identified a problem concerning the poor performance of volunteer family planning (FP) workers and undertook to study it. The study focused on the Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPOs) who assist in the delivery of FP services under the supervision of the CPO, and Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) who concentrate on maternal and child care but have minimal involvement in FP and are supervised by the City Health Office. As this report states, the objective was to compare the FP activities and performance of the BSPOs and BHWs in Iloilo City and determine the factors that influence their performance.
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Lamarque, Hugh, and Hannah Brown. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics Between Uganda and Kenya in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.043.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Uganda and Kenya in the context of the outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Kenya; Rwanda; Tanzania, and South Sudan. The outbreak began in Mubende District, Uganda on 19 September 2022, approximately 340km from the Kenyan border. At the time of writing (December 2022), the outbreak had spread to eight Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization (WHO), its presence in the Ugandan capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. Kenya is categorised as a priority level 1 country, following a case in Jinja on the road between Kampala and the Kenyan border, on 13 November 2022. A total of 23 suspected cases were tested in Kenya up to 1 December 2022, all with negative results. To date, no case of SVD has been imported into the country from Uganda. This brief provides details about cross-border relations between the two states, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and the specific areas and actors most at risk. The brief is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, news reports, previous ethnographic research in Kenya and Uganda, and informal discussions with colleagues from the International Organisation for Migration, UNICEF, UNDP, Save the Children, the Kenyan Red Cross Society, the Kenyan Ministry of Health (MoH) and Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries in Kenya, and the Safe Water and AIDS project in Kisumu. It was requested by the Collective Service, written by Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh) and Hannah Brown (Durham University) and supported by Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica). It was further reviewed by colleagues from Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies, and the Collective Service. This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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10

Saavedra, José Jorge, and Gerard Alleng. Sustainable Islands: Defining a Sustainable Development Framework Tailored to the Needs of Islands. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002902.

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Like other Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Caribbean island economies have intrinsic characteristics that make them vulnerable to external shocks. The recent pandemic highlights the structural problems of small island economies. Due to their remote location and small size, islands lack economies of scale and rely on global supply chains, which are currently disrupted. Islands depend either on service-based economic activities like tourism, which are being affected during the current crisis, or on a single commodity, which makes them extremely vulnerable. Islands must rethink their approach to development, adopting one of sustainable development. The Sustainable Islands Platform aims to create a new approach that targets the needs of Caribbean islands and prescribes circular economy-inspired interventions in key areas such as sanitation, waste management, agriculture, fisheries, tourism, energy, transportation, and health. Traditional approaches have not proven successful in solving developing problems on SIDS. Therefore, a new concept that considers islands in a new way should be considered.
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