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Academic literature on the topic 'Health-benefitting compounds'
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Journal articles on the topic "Health-benefitting compounds"
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Göttingerová, Martina, Michal Kumšta, and Tomáš Nečas. "Health-benefitting Biologically Active Substances in Edible Apricot Flowers." HortScience 55, no. 8 (August 2020): 1372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15038-20.
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The nutritive quality of food and the aesthetic aspect contribute to the appearance of consumed food. In this study, apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) flowers were used to determine vitamin C, total phenolic content, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and amygdalin. Vitamin C content fluctuated between 24.97 and 47.35 mg·100 g–1 fresh weight (FW). The results show that all apricot flowers are a good source of phenolic compounds [404.08–768.45 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g FW] and flavonoids [198.76–538.11 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g FW], and have good antioxidant capacity [414.66–1026.18 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g FW]. A high value of anthocyanins was measured in ‘Vestar’ (28.41 mg·100 g–1 FW) and also in ‘Blenheim’ (13.40 mg·100 g–1 FW). On the contrary, a low value was found in ‘Scout’ (1.60 mg·100 g–1 FW). The highest value of carotenoids was measured in ‘Blenheim’ (6.41 mg·100 g–1 FW), and the lowest in ‘Chuang Zhi Hong’ (1.36 mg·100 g–1 FW). Amygdalin content fluctuated between 110.81 and 419.78 mg·100 g–1 FW. Newly acquired information about the composition and nutritional value of edible flowers give reasons for their consumption.
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Nikolić, Valentina, Slađana Žilić, Marijana Simić, and Vesna Perić. "Black soya bean and black chia seeds as a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds with health benefits." Food and Feed Research 47, no. 2 (2020): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ffr47-29424.
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Recent trends in healthy lifestyle and diet made functional foods rich in quality nutrients and bioactive compounds with potential health benefits highly sought after. Some cultivated plants, such as soya and chia can provide a viable source of nutraceuticals with high fibre, protein, and protective antioxidant potential. The whole-grain flours of black soya beans and black chia seeds were used in this study. Potential nutritive and health-benefitting properties of these flours were compared by assessing their chemical composition and antioxidant profile. The content of dietary fibres such as NDF, ADF, ADL and hemicellulose determined in black chia seed sample was higher than in black soya soya beans which had higher fibre content. The total protein content recorded in black soya beans was almost as twice as high (42.26±0.14%) as chia protein content (25.04±0.20%). Black soya beans had the highest content of water soluble proteins (29.00±0.13% d.m.) with NSI (nitrogen solubility index) acounting for as much as 70.96±0.31% of total proteins, while black chia seeds had the highest content of globulins (14.64±0.07% d.m.) and NSI 58.48±0.27% of total proteins. Both black soya bean and black chia contained a high amount of total phenolic compounds (830.66±5.46 and 1201.94±16.29 mg GAE/kg, respectively) and exhibited a considerable total antioxidant capacity, which makes them good contestants for functional food ingredients with potential health benefits.
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Bhat, Farhan Mohiuddin. "Functional and Nutraceutical Based Applications of Phytochemicals from Major Cereal Grains." Food Science & Nutrition Technology 8, no. 3 (July 3, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/fsnt-16000307.
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Cereals are the staple food item of Indian dietary and are good sources of calories, protein, micronutrients, dietary fiber and resistant starch, coupled with low glycemic index. Due to all these properties they play a vital role in managing all the metabolic diseases. Whole grain cereals are associated with several health benefits than their processed or refined fractions. Cereals are rich sources of bioactive compounds, polyunsaturated fats like omega-3, linolenic acid, soluble and insoluble fibre, and resistant starches. The presence of phytochemicals in cereals such as phenolic acids, flavones, anthocyanins, lignans, and phytosterols makes them ideal for the formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals due to their antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities. Millets are three to five times nutritionally superior in comparison to widely promoted rice and wheat in terms of macro as well micro nutrients and are considered to be the least allergenic crops and are rich sources of proteins, calcium, phosphorus, iron. A cereal based formulation forms an important part of folk medicine since prehistoric times in China and India due to their nutritive and pharmalogical value and are used in Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicines for treatment of various ailments. Barley acts as a functional food due to its content of so many healthpromoting components that have shown positive health effect such as β- glucan. The beta-glucans have been approved in many countries as health benefitting soluble fiber due to its role in lowering postprandial blood glucose and the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing LDL cholesterol content. The bioactive compounds with widely variations in their chemical structures, properties and functions are often produced in small quantities either as primary metabolites or secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, polyphenols, vitamins, and alkaloid. These compounds are used for the formulation and fortification of functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
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Bal, Solanki, Amit Baran Sharangi, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, Fahad Khan, Pratibha Pandey, Samra Siddiqui, Mohd Saeed, Hae-Jeung Lee, and Dharmendra K. Yadav. "Biomedical and Antioxidant Potentialities in Chilli: Perspectives and Way Forward." Molecules 27, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 6380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196380.
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Worldwide, since ages and nowadays, traditional medicine is well known, owing to its biodiversity, which immensely contributed to the advancement and development of complementary and alternative medicines. There is a wide range of spices, herbs, and trees known for their medicinal uses. Chilli peppers, a vegetable cum spice crop, are bestowed with natural bioactive compounds, flavonoids, capsaicinoids, phytochemicals, phytonutrients, and pharmacologically active compounds with potential health benefits. Such compounds manifest their functionality over solo-treatment by operating in synergy and consortium. Co-action of these compounds and nutrients make them potentially effective against coagulation, obesity, diabetes, inflammation, dreadful diseases, such as cancer, and microbial diseases, alongside having good anti-oxidants with scavenging ability to free radicals and oxygen. In recent times, capsaicinoids especially capsaicin can ameliorate important viral diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2. In addition, capsaicin provides an ability to chilli peppers to ramify as topical agents in pain-relief and also benefitting man as a potential effective anesthetic agent. Such phytochemicals involved not only make them useful and a much economical substitute to wonder/artificial drugs but can be exploited as obscene drugs for the production of novel stuffs. The responsibility of the TRPV1 receptor in association with capsaicin in mitigating chronic diseases has also been justified in this study. Nonetheless, medicinal studies pertaining to consumption of chilli peppers are limited and demand confirmation of the findings from animal studies. In this artifact, an effort has been made to address in an accessible format the nutritional and biomedical perspectives of chilli pepper, which could precisely upgrade and enrich our pharmaceutical industries towards human well-being.
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Myrtsi, Eleni D., Sofia D. Koulocheri, Vassilios Iliopoulos, and Serkos A. Haroutounian. "High-Throughput Quantification of 32 Bioactive Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds in Grapes, Wines and Vinification Byproducts by LC–MS/MS." Antioxidants 10, no. 8 (July 23, 2021): 1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081174.
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The well-established, health-benefitting effects of grapevines and derivatives (wines and vinification byproducts) are attributed to their antioxidant phenolic content. The dearth of an efficient method for the simultaneous quantitation of antioxidant phenolics prompted us to develop a novel method utilizing triple quadrupole LC–MS/MS for the accurate, fast, simultaneous quantitation of the 32 most abundant grapevine phenolics. The fully validated, novel method is capable to simultaneously record the quantitative presence of 12 phenolic acids, 19 polyphenols and coniferyl aldehyde (a phenolic compound extracted from cork stoppers into wines) and is applicable for the determination of antioxidant phenolics content of grape berries, pomace, stems and wines. Its utility was demonstrated for three native Greek grapevine varieties, two red (Mandilaria and Aidani mavro) and one white (Monemvassia). Results herein highlighted the stems of the Monemvassia white variety as particularly rich in antioxidant phenolics such as the flavonol monomer (+)-catechin (387 mg/kg) and the dimer procyanidin B1 (400 mg/kg) along with stilbene phytoalexin trans-resveratrol (24 mg/kg). These results are in line with the TPC, TFC and TTC content of stems and the determined antioxidant capacities, highlighting the stems of this Vitis vinifera variety as potentially exploitable source of antioxidant phenolics.
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Hoyos, Beatriz E., Joel B. Johnson, Janice S. Mani, Ryan J. Batley, Tieneke Trotter, Surya P. Bhattarai, and Mani Naiker. "The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame." Plants 13, no. 6 (March 11, 2024): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13060793.
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Sesame is an emerging crop of interest in Australia and has attracted widespread interest due to the health-benefitting properties of its bioactive compounds, including fatty acids, lignans, and polyphenols. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drought stress on these bioactive compounds, using eleven cultivars of black sesame seeds grown in Australia. Specific varieties responded positively to water deficit (WD) conditions, showing increased levels of TPC, FRAP, CUPRAC, and lignans. Varieties 1, 4, 7, and 12 showed significantly increased FRAP values ranging from 158.02 ± 10.43 to 195.22 ± 9.63 mg TE/100 g DW in the WD treatment compared to the well-watered (WW) treatment, whereas varieties 7, 10, 12, 13, and 18 demonstrated the highest CUPRAC values of all varieties (2584.86 ± 99.68–2969.56 ± 159.72 mg TE/100 g) across both WW and WD conditions, with no significant variations between irrigation regimes. Moreover, lignan contents (sesamin and sesamolin) were higher in varieties 1, 2, 5, and 8 grown in WD conditions. Compared to the optimal unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (Σ UFA/Σ SFA ratio) of 0.45, all sesame genotypes showed superior ratios (ranging between 1.86 and 2.34). Moreover, the ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio varied from 33.7–65.5, with lower ratios in varieties 2, 4, 5, 8, and 18 under WD conditions. The high levels of phenolic compounds and healthy fats suggest the potential of black sesame to be incorporated into diets as a functional food. Furthermore, the enhanced phytochemistry of these cultivars in WD conditions is promising for widespread adoption. However, larger trial studies to confirm these findings across different geographic locations and seasons are warranted.
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Krishna, Priti, Gareema Pandey, Richard Thomas, and Sophie Parks. "Improving Blueberry Fruit Nutritional Quality through Physiological and Genetic Interventions: A Review of Current Research and Future Directions." Antioxidants 12, no. 4 (March 26, 2023): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040810.
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Blueberry, hailed as an antioxidant superfood, is the fruit of small shrubs in the genus Vaccinium (family Ericaceae). The fruits are a rich source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities derived from the polyphenolic compounds, particularly from the abundantly present anthocyanin pigment, have been highlighted as the major contributing factor to the health-benefitting properties of blueberry. In recent years, blueberry cultivation under polytunnels has expanded, with plastic covers designed to offer protection of crop and fruit yield from suboptimal environmental conditions and birds. An important consideration is that the covers reduce photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and filter out ultraviolet (UV) radiation that is critical for the fruit’s bioactive composition. Blueberry fruits grown under covers have been reported to have reduced antioxidant capacity as compared to fruits from open fields. In addition to light, abiotic stresses such as salinity, water deficit, and low temperature trigger accumulation of antioxidants. We highlight in this review how interventions such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photo-selective films, and exposure of plants to mild stresses, alongside developing new varieties with desired traits, could be used to optimise the nutritional quality, particularly the content of polyphenols, of blueberry grown under covers.
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Idris, Nuruljannah Suhaida, Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker, Zalilawati Mat Rashid, Ali Majrashi, Mekhled Mutiran Alenazi, Ahmad Faris Mohd Adnan, Khairil Mahmud, and Nashriyah Mat. "Discrimination of Syzygium samarangense cv. ‘Giant Green’ Leaves at Different Maturity Stages by FTIR and GCMS Fingerprinting." Horticulturae 9, no. 5 (May 22, 2023): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9050609.
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‘Giant Green’ is one of the Syzygium samarangense cultivars planted throughout Malaysia because it has great potential for benefitting human health. However, its variation in chemical compounds, especially in the leaves at different maturity stages, cannot be systematically discriminated. Hence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) coupled with chemometric tools were applied to discriminate between the different stages of leaves, namely, young, mature, and old leaves. The chemical variability among the samples was evaluated by using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) techniques. For discrimination, partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) was applied, and then partial least squares (PLS) was used to determine the correlation between biological activities (antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assay) and maturity stages of ‘Giant Green’ leaves. As a result, the PCA, HCA, and PLS-DA of the FTIR and GC-MS data showed the separation between clusters for the different maturity stages of the leaves. Additionally, the PLS result demonstrated that the young leaves showed a strong correlation between metabolite quantities and biological activities. The findings of this study revealed that FTIR and GC-MS coupled with chemometric analyses can be used as a rapid method for the discrimination of bioactive structural functions in relation to their biological activity.
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Yadav, Chandra Bhan, Rakesh K. Srivastava, Prakash I. Gangashetty, Rama Yadav, Luis A. J. Mur, and Rattan S. Yadav. "Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains." Cells 10, no. 11 (November 8, 2021): 3076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10113076.
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As efforts are made to increase food security, millets are gaining increasing importance due to their excellent nutritional credentials. Among the millets, pearl millet is the predominant species possessing several health benefiting nutritional traits in its grain that are helpful in mitigating chronic illnesses such as type−2 diabetes and obesity. In this paper, we conducted metabolomic fingerprinting of 197 pearl millet inbred lines drawn randomly from within the world collection of pearl millet germplasm and report the extent of genetic variation for health benefitting metabolites in these genotypes. Metabolites were extracted from seeds and assessed using flow infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS). Metabolite features (m/z), whose levels significantly differed among the germplasm inbred lines, were identified by ANOVA corrected for FDR and subjected to functional pathway analysis. A number of health-benefiting metabolites linked to dietary starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism-related compounds were identified. Metabolic genome-wide association analysis (mGWAS) performed using the 396 m/z as phenotypic traits and the 76 K SNP as genotypic variants identified a total of 897 SNPs associated with health benefiting nutritional metabolite at the -log p-value ≤ 4.0. From these associations, 738 probable candidate genes were predicted to have an important role in starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism. The mGWAS analysis focused on genes involved in starch branching (α-amylase, β-amylase), vitamin-K reductase, UDP-glucuronosyl, and UDP-glucosyl transferase (UGTs), L-ascorbate oxidase, and isoflavone 2′-monooxygenase genes, which are known to be linked to increases in human health benefiting metabolites. We demonstrate how metabolomic, genomic, and statistical approaches can be utilized to pinpoint genetic variations and their functions linked to key nutritional properties in pearl millet, which in turn can be bred into millets and other cereals crops using plant breeding methods.
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Hahn, Christoph, Nicholas P. Howard, and Dirk C. Albach. "Different Shades of Kale—Approaches to Analyze Kale Variety Interrelations." Genes 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020232.
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Brassica oleracea is a vegetable crop with an amazing morphological diversity. Among the various crops derived from B. oleracea, kale has been in the spotlight globally due to its various health-benefitting compounds and many different varieties. Knowledge of the existing genetic diversity is essential for the improved breeding of kale. Here, we analyze the interrelationships, population structures, and genetic diversity of 72 kale and cabbage varieties by extending our previous diversity analysis and evaluating the use of summed potential lengths of shared haplotypes (SPLoSH) as a new method for such analyses. To this end, we made use of the high-density Brassica 60K SNP array, analyzed SNPs included in an available Brassica genetic map, and used these resources to generate and evaluate the information from SPLoSH data. With our results we could consistently differentiate four groups of kale across all analyses: the curly kale varieties, Italian, American, and Russian varieties, as well as wild and cultivated types. The best results were achieved by using SPLoSH information, thus validating the use of this information in improving analyses of interrelations in kale. In conclusion, our definition of kale includes the curly varieties as the kales in a strict sense, regardless of their origin. These results contribute to a better understanding of the huge diversity of kale and its interrelations.
Book chapters on the topic "Health-benefitting compounds"
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Govindan, Velu, Kristina D. Michaux, and Wolfgang H. Pfeiffer. "Nutritionally Enhanced Wheat for Food and Nutrition Security." In Wheat Improvement, 195–214. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_12.
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AbstractThe current and future trends in population growth and consumption patterns continue to increase the demand for wheat. Wheat is a major source and an ideal vehicle for delivering increased quantities of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and other valuable bioactive compounds to population groups who consume wheat as a staple food. To address nutritious traits in crop improvement, breeding feasibility must be assessed and nutrient targets defined based on their health impact. Novel alleles for grain Zn and Fe in competitive, profitable, Zn enriched wheat varieties have been accomplished using conventional breeding techniques and have been released in South Asia and Latin America, providing between 20% and 40% more Zn than local commercial varieties and benefitting more than four million consumers. Future challenges include accelerating and maintaining parallel rates of genetic gain for productivity and Zn traits and reversing the trend of declining nutrients in wheat that has been exacerbated by climate change. Application of modern empirical and analytical technologies and methods in wheat breeding will help to expedite genetic progress, shorten time-to-market, and achieve mainstreaming objectives. In exploiting synergies from genetic and agronomic options, agronomic biofortification can contribute to achieving higher Zn concentrations, stabilize Zn trait expression, and increase other grain minerals, such as selenium or iodine. Increasing Fe bioavailability in future breeding and research with other nutrients and bioactive compounds is warranted to further increase the nutritious value of wheat. Crop profiles must assure value propositions for all actors across the supply chain and consider processors requirements in product development.