Journal articles on the topic 'Health attitudes South Australia'
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Ferguson, Monika, James Dollman, Martin Jones, Kathryn Cronin, Lynne James, Lee Martinez, and Nicholas Procter. "Suicide Prevention Training – Improving the Attitudes and Confidence of Rural Australian Health and Human Service Professionals." Crisis 40, no. 1 (January 2019): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000524.
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Abstract. Background: Suicide rates are higher in rural and remote areas of Australia compared with major cities. Aim: To evaluate the impact of a brief, community-based suicide prevention educational intervention on the attitudes and confidence of rural South Australian health and human service professionals. Method: Participants attended a 1-day suicide prevention education program, and completed a survey at four time points: baseline (T1), immediately pretraining (T2), immediately posttraining (T3), and 4-month follow-up (T4). Main outcome measures were self-reported attitudes and confidence when working with people vulnerable to suicide. Results: A total of 248 people attended the training, with 213 participants completing the survey at T1, 236 at T2, 215 at T3, and 172 at T4. There were significant improvements in 11 of the 14 attitude items between T2 and T3 (immediate change), and between T1 and T4 (maintained change). Further, there were significant improvements in all four confidence items between T2 and T3, and T1 and T4. Limitations: Despite the repeated-measures design, findings are limited by the lack of a control group. Conclusion: Findings extend the international evidence by indicating the value of brief suicide prevention education for improving health and human service professionals' attitudes and confidence in rural Australia.
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Chur-Hansen, Anna. "Attitudes of Psychiatrists in South Australia Towards Research Degrees." Australasian Psychiatry 19, no. 1 (February 2011): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398562.2010.498514.
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Brener, Loren, Elena Cama, Peter Hull, and Carla Treloar. "Evaluation of an online injecting drug use stigma intervention targeted at health providers in New South Wales, Australia." Health Psychology Open 4, no. 1 (January 2017): 205510291770718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055102917707180.
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People who inject drugs are highly stigmatised. Discriminatory experiences are commonly reported, particularly in health care settings. This article evaluates an online stigma reduction training module targeting health providers working with people who inject drugs. A total of 139 participants completed a pre- and post-survey including attitude items and items depicting hypothetical scenarios and concerns around client behaviours. Participants’ attitudes towards people who inject drugs were more positive and they showed less concerns about client behaviours after completing the online training module. Findings highlight the benefits of online training in reducing discriminatory attitudes towards people who inject drugs and improving confidence in working with this client group.
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Riley, Malcolm D., Jane Bowen, Debra Krause, Darren Jones, and Welma Stonehouse. "A survey of consumer attitude towards nutrition and health statements on food labels in South Australia." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 6, no. 12 (December 30, 2016): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v6i12.306.
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Background: For many decades, Australia has required a Nutrient Information Panel to be included on food packaging, usually on the back of products. Recently, two regulated, voluntary systems were introduced for use on food packaging in Australia: the Health Star Rating system and nutrient content and health claims. Nonetheless, the scope and potential for these new initiatives to achieve their purpose is partly depdendant on their perception by consumers. This report describes the results of a population based survey of South Australian adults about how various elements of food labels are used to inform their purchase decisions. Methods: A survey was conducted using a random stratified sampling technique in people aged 15 years and older in the Australian state of South Australia. All surveys were administered face-to-face to 3005 people between September 2015 and December 2015. Data was weighted by the inverse of the individual’s probability of selection, as well as the response rate in metropolitan and country regions and then reweighted to benchmarks from the June 2014 Estimated Resident Population calculated by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Results: The response rate for the survey was 57.3%. Most respondents to the survey rated their own dietary intake as ‘healthy’ (61.5%) or ‘extremely healthy’ (9.1%). Aside from price, country of origin was nominated as the most important information on the food label of a food bought for the first time (by 35.0%), followed by the ingredient list (21.6%) and claims about nutrition (20.9%). The response to this question was markedly different by age group, with almost half (48.3%) of those aged 55 years or over considering that country of origin was the most important information to look for. For the youngest age group (15-34 yrs), 28.4% considered the ingredient list was the most important information, 26.5% considered claims about nutrition to be most important, and 22.2% considered country of origin to be the most important information on the food label. The Nutrition Information Panel was used to guide the purchase decision for a new breakfast cereal by more than half of respondents (50.8%), while a statement on the front of the pack about how the food effects health was used to guide the purchase decision of only 8.9%. While only 22.1% disagreed (16.4% disagreed somewhat, 5.7% disagreed completely) with the statement that ‘the Nutrient Information Panel on food packaging is a trustworthy source of information,’ almost double the amount of subjects at 44.0% disagreed (36.1% disagreed somewhat, 17.9% disagreed completely) that ‘statements about health on food packaging are a trustworthy source of information.’ Conclusion: For South Australian adults, statements about health benefits of food on food packaging are viewed with much greater suspicion than the nutrient information panel. Attitudes towards food packaging varied more by age group than by sex of the respondent. For an unfamiliar food, country of origin is considered the most important information on food packaging by more than a third of adults. Keywords: Food packaging, Nutrition label, Front of Pack, Health Star, South Australia
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Schofield, M. J., S. Gulliver, and R. W. Sanson-Fisher. "Retailer attitudes on tobacco sales to minors in New South Wales, Australia." Tobacco Control 4, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc.4.4.362.
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Jones, K., M. Wakefield, and D. A. Turnbull. "Attitudes and experiences of restaurateurs regarding smoking bans in Adelaide, South Australia." Tobacco Control 8, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc.8.1.62.
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Pullia, Alexis, Zakia Jeemi, Miguel Reina Ortiz, and Jaya A. R. Dantas. "Physical Activity Experiences of South Asian Migrant Women in Western Australia: Implications for Intervention Development." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063585.
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The benefits of physical activity are widely recognised; however, physical activity uptake remains low in South Asian populations. South Asian migrant women face health risks as they adapt to new cultures, and these risks are often intensified through their limited participation in physical activity as one of the behaviours that promote positive health outcomes. Three focus group discussions with sixteen South Asian migrant women aged between 33 and 64 years, with a median age of 48 years and who live in Western Australia, were conducted. Thematic analysis of the transcribed qualitative data was completed to explore and uncover South Asian women’s experiences with physical activity, as well as their motivation, beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about physical activity. Five major themes emerged after coding and analysing the data. The themes included the women’s knowledge of physical activity, their general attitudes and beliefs surrounding physical activity, the advantages and disadvantages of participation in physical activity, their experiences with physical activity, and the barriers, challenges, and facilitators surrounding physical activity. Recommendations are proposed to increase physical activity among this group to improve overall health and wellbeing and implications for intervention development are discussed.
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Cullen, Patricia, Kate Hunter, Kathleen Clapham, Teresa Senserrick, Kris Rogers, James E. Harrison, and Rebecca Q. Ivers. "Road user behaviour, attitudes and crashes: a survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia." Injury Prevention 26, no. 2 (March 5, 2019): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043011.
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ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe road user behaviour, attitudes and crashes in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in four urban, regional and remote communities located in New South Wales (NSW) and South Australia (SA).MethodsFace-to-face surveys were administered to clients (n=625) in Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHS). All Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients attending the ACCHS for any reason were approached to participate over a 2-week period. Surveys included questions on sociodemographic factors, crash involvement, road behaviours and road safety attitudes drawn from tools used in national surveys.ResultsThe participation rate was high (69%–75%). Seat belt wearing rates were very high, particularly in the front of a car, although rear seat belt wearing rates in SA (77%) were substantially lower than in NSW (93%). Among drivers, 11% reported always or mostly driving 10 km/hour over the speed limit, and this was higher among drivers in SA (13.4%). Drivers aged 55 years and over and/or women were more likely to report that they do not drink at any time or restricted what they drank when driving. These results enable comparison with the Community Attitude to Road Safety survey conducted Australia-wide in 2013.ConclusionsThis study confirms that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are inclined to report attitudes or road safety behaviours similar to the rest of the population; however, rear restraint use was lower and self-reported speeding was higher. These issues are likely attributable to transport options and geography in remote communities, which can contribute to overcrowding and unsafe driving practices.
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Heale, Penny, David Hawks, and Simon Lenton. "Public awareness, knowledge and attitudes regarding the CEN system in South Australia." Drug and Alcohol Review 19, no. 3 (September 2000): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713659377.
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Apat, Daniel Kwai, and Wellington Digwa. "Mental health data: A case for the African communities in New South Wales." Australasian Review of African Studies 42, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22160/22035184/aras-2021-42-1/64-80.
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This paper examines mental health policies in relation to African communities residing in New South Wales, Australia and the attitudes of African communities toward mental disorders and mental health services. Current mental health policy frameworks have shown an inadequate inclusion of African communities. This may negatively affect the design of mental health interventions and how African communities engage with mental health services. The available mental health literature on African communities showed disjointed and uncoordinated data which focuses on specific community-groups within African communities. Insufficient mental health or suicide data, combined with African community members’ perception toward mental disorders and mental health services, makes it very difficult to progress engagement and interventions. There is a need for proper and sizable data on mental health related to people of African descent in NSW and Australia wide, if positive outcomes are to be realised.
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Ritter, Todd, Anne Dore, and Kevin McGeechan. "Contraceptive knowledge and attitudes among 14-24-year-olds in New South Wales, Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 39, no. 3 (April 22, 2015): 267–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12367.
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Arora, Maansi, Kaete Walker, Judy Luu, Robbert J. Duvivier, Tinashe Dune, and Katie Wynne. "Education of the medical profession to facilitate delivery of transgender health care in an Australian health district." Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 1 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py19102.
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Transgender individuals who desire medical transition need to access care through their local healthcare system. This is the first study to explore the perceptions of the community and attitudes of healthcare providers towards the delivery of transgender health care in an Australian context. An anonymous survey was conducted of trans and gender-diverse community members; and physicians and trainees in the Hunter New England Local Health District of New South Wales, Australia. Community members were surveyed about their healthcare experiences. Medical students, GPs and hospital physicians were surveyed on their attitudes towards the delivery of transgender health care before and after a 1-h education session that included the lived experience of a community member. Community members expressed a need for increased education for healthcare providers in transgender medicine. Following the intervention, significantly more healthcare providers felt confident to facilitate transgender health care for adults, adolescents and children; and more healthcare providers agreed that medical and surgical treatment should be offered to transgender patients if desired. The positive safety profile of treatment was felt to be the most persuasive factor for the provision of care. Healthcare providers identified a need for health education in transgender medicine; easy access to evidence-based resources; and local referral pathways as key strategies to improving transgender health care.
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Logan, Shanna, Zachary Steel, and Caroline Hunt. "Ethnic status and engagement with health services: Attitudes toward help-seeking and intercultural willingness to interact among South East Asian students in Australia." Transcultural Psychiatry 54, no. 2 (March 27, 2017): 192–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461517696437.
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Previous research has demonstrated the importance of intercultural willingness to interact; however, these investigations have yet to be applied to a health context or to compare an ethnic minority with a majority sample. Consequently, the current study sought to better understand engagement with health services by investigating both attitudes towards seeking psychological help and intercultural willingness to interact within an ethnic minority South East Asian population, relative to an Anglo Australian sample. As predicted, negative attitudes towards seeking psychological help were higher in the South East Asian sample, with this relationship persisting across generations, despite significant differences in acculturation. In contrast, intercultural willingness to interact was not associated with ethnicity status but was associated with higher anxiety, uncertainty, ethnocentrism and help-seeking, consistent with current empirical and theoretical literature. The current study also sought to examine factors associated with help-seeking attitudes and found that ethnocentrism was a significant predictor, when accounting for previous health experience.
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Lawn, Sharon, Elaine Waddell, Taryn Cowain, Carol Turnbull, and Janne McMahon. "Implementing national mental health carer partnership standards in South Australia." Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19156.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the current state of carer engagement and partnership in two mental health (MH) services in South Australia and the implementation of the six partnership standards in A Practical Guide to Working with Carers of People with a Mental Illness. MethodsAnonymous surveys of carer experiences and clinician self-ratings of their own practice against the six partnership standards were completed by 94 staff and 58 carers within public and private MH in-patient units before and after exposure of clinicians to education about the partnership standards. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and, where applicable, a comparative analysis used the two-sample Z-test of proportions. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. ResultsConsiderable gaps were evident between carer experiences and clinician self-ratings of their own practice. Overall, the surveys point to the lack of a consistent approach by both public and private services, and suggest potential barriers to fostering carer participation and engagement. Confidentiality was a particularly noted barrier to partnership with carers. ConclusionSignificant improvement is needed to meet the partnership standards. Brief exposure to the Guide is not, in itself, sufficient to effect change in the overall attitudes, skills and knowledge of clinical staff about engaging carers. Significantly more focus on staff education, clinical discussions and supervision is needed to meet the MH carer partnership standards. What is known about the topic?Partnership with MH consumers and carers is an established key principle within national MH policies and accreditation standards. Family carers play an important role in supporting consumers’ recovery, yet many carers continue to report being excluded, particularly by in-patient clinical staff. What does this paper add?This is the first study to investigate the partnership standards in practice by comparing the perspectives of carers and in-patient MH clinical staff. What are the implications for practitioners?Improving partnership with carers of people with mental illness will require significant MH service leadership support shifts in current practice and culture. In addition, a more nuanced understanding of confidentiality is required to overcome the barriers to involving family carers more meaningfully in care.
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Biggs, Herbert C., Vaughn L. Sheahan, and Donald P. Dingsdag. "Risk Management and Injury Prevention: Competencies, Behaviours, and Attitudes to Safety in the Construction Industry." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 13, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jrc.13.2.63.
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AbstractOriginally presented at the National Injury Management and Prevention Conference: Transition and Change, on April 27, 2006, which was held at the Hyatt Regency, Adelaide, South Australia. Reprinted with the permission of the authors.Work in the Australian construction industry is fraught with risk and the potential for serious harm. The industry is consistently placed within the three most hazardous industries to work along with other industries such as mining and transport (National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, 2003). In the 2001 to 2002 period, construction work killed 39 people and injured 13,250 more. Hence, more effort is required to reduce the injury rate and maximise the value of the rehabilitation/back-to-work process.
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Drummond, Murray, Sam Elliott, Claire Drummond, and Felicity Lewis. "Men’s physical activity and dietary behaviours on Kangaroo Island, South Australia." Health Education Journal 76, no. 2 (July 28, 2016): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896916652434.
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Background: Men’s health has been subjected to diverse approaches to research over the past two decades. Much of the literature has focused on specific medical and health issues. Other contributions have focused more broadly on masculinities and its relationship to health. It is arguable that there has not been a lot of attention paid to Australian rural men’s health and even less on their understanding of health as it relates to physical activity and dietary behavior. Objectives: To gain a better understanding of these issues this paper provides rich, descriptive qualitative data from men living on Kangaroo Island, which is 13.5 kilometres off the South Australian mainland and is regarded as a rural and remote area. Methods: Qualitative data is used to develop greater understanding of the men’s attitudes and behaviours as they relate to physical activity and dietary behaviours. The semistructured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 40 men aged between 23–64. Conclusions: The results indicated that the locality in which the men lived provided them with an excellent opportunity to be physically active and eat fresh, locally produced, foods. However, it was identified that many of the men did not have a comprehensive understanding of health and seemingly displayed low levels of health knowledge. As a result for many of these men, their physical health was left to chance. There was little evidence of any planned health promotion to assist them with making improvements to their nutrition and physical activity levels as they aged. Recommendations and population-based strategies are provided to assist men living in remote rural settings to enhance not only their health ultimately their health knowledge. This will positively impact community health.
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Roche, Ann M., Michael D. Parle, Jane Campbell, and John B. Saunders. "Substance Abuse Disorders: Psychiatric Trainees' Knowledge, Diagnostic Skills and Attitudes." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 4 (December 1995): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679509064980.
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Objective: The drug and alcohol related knowledge and attitudes of trainee psychiatrists were examined to obtain a baseline measure of these factors in order to determine whether current training is appropriate and adequate. Method: A questionnaire was distributed to trainees enrolled in the training program of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists in New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and South Australia (N=425). Questions were asked relating to theoretical knowledge, diagnostic and problem solving skills for a number of drug groups; further questions concerned the respondents' attitudes and opinions on aspects of management. Results: Sixty per cent of recipients returned the questionnaire. Theoretical and applied knowledge levels were of an adequate standard overall, but highly variable. Notable areas of weakness included knowledge of opiates, barbiturates and stimulants. Trainees' views regarding treatment options were also variable. Alcoholics Anonymous was considered the best supported form of treatment from evidence from controlled trials. Low levels of self efficacy and little support were recognised for early intervention strategies. Conclusions: While positive views were generally expressed towards involvement with patients with alcohol and drug problems, specific strategies to enhance training and performance are needed. Findings are discussed in terms of continuing education. It is recommended that if sufficient training in this area is not provided then psychiatrists will have little confidence in appropriate therapeutic approaches in treating substance misusers.
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Sweeney, Sally, Yan Cheng, Jessica R. Botfield, and Deborah Bateson. "National Cervical Screening Program renewal in Australia: survey of clinician views and attitudes." Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 5 (2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py20032.
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From 1 December 2017, the National Cervical Screening Program was renewed in Australia, with updated national cervical screening guidelines released. This study was performed to determine clinicians’ familiarity with the updated guidelines and explore their views and attitudes towards the renewed program. Clinicians providing cervical screening in New South Wales, Australia, were invited to complete an online survey in 2018. Of the 241 clinicians who responded, 91.5% supported the change to 5-yearly human papillomavirus screening from the age of 25 years. However, nearly 13% indicated they did not know where to access the renewed guidelines and 37% had never or rarely accessed them. Open-ended responses highlighted clinicians’ concerns about missed cancers and missed opportunities for health checks. Those raising these concerns accessed the guidelines less frequently. The findings highlight important areas for additional education and support for clinicians in translating guidelines into practice to ensure successful delivery of the renewed program.
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Simpson, Steve, Christine Clifford, Michael G. Quinn, Kaz Ross, Neil Sefton, Louise Owen, Leigh Blizzard, and Richard Turner. "Sexuality-related attitudes significantly modulate demographic variation in sexual health literacy in Tasmanian university students." Sexual Health 14, no. 3 (2017): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh16135.
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Background: It has previously been shown that there is a significant demographic variation in sexual health literacy (SHL) in university-level students in Tasmania, Australia. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of statistical adjustment for sexuality-related attitudes on this demographic variation in SHL. Methods: Iterated principal-factor analysis was used to evaluate latent variable grouping of responses to 21 attitudinal questions regarding sexuality and sexual behaviour. Linear regression was used to evaluate the distribution and determinants of attitudinal patterns and thence the relationship of these patterns to SHL. Results: Three patterns – conservative, anti-persons-living-with-HIV and sexually responsible – were identified as explaining variation in sexual attitudes; the former two being associated with significantly lower SHL and the latter associated with significantly higher SHL. Adjustment for these patterns significantly attenuated much of the differences in SHL by birthplace/ethnicity and religion, including among South and South-East Asian and Protestant, Islamic and Hindu students. However, some differences in SHL persisted, suggesting they are partly or fully independent of the attitudinal questions. Conclusions: As hypothesised, differences in attitude significantly explained much of the demographic differences in SHL found previously. These results suggest that sexual education and orientation efforts need to bear cultural framing in mind to enhance uptake by students.
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Harris, Paul, Asiyeh Salehi, Elizabeth Kendall, Jennifer Whitty, Andrew Wilson, and Paul Scuffham. "“She’ll be right, mate!”: do Australians take their health for granted?" Journal of Primary Health Care 12, no. 3 (2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc20025.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONHealth consciousness highlights the readiness of individuals to undertake health actions and take responsibility for their health and the health of others. AIMTo examine the health consciousness of Australians and its association with health status, health-care utilisation and sociodemographic factors. METHODSThis quantitative cross-sectional study was a part of a larger project aiming to engage the general public in health-care decision-making. Adults from Queensland and South Australia (n=1529) were recruited to participate by a panel company. The questionnaire included the Health Consciousness Scale (HCS), health status, health-care utilisation, sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables. RESULTSThe health consciousness of Australians was relatively low (mean score=21), compared to other international administrations of the HCS, and further investigations revealed that more health-conscious people tended to live in South Australia, be female and single, experience poorer physical and mental health and were more frequent users of health-care services. DISCUSSIONThe general approach to health in this sample of the Australian public may reflect ‘here and now’ concerns. It appears that an attitude of ‘she’ll be right, mate’ prevails until a change in an individual’s health status or their exposure to the health system demands otherwise. These findings need to be investigated further to see if they are confirmed by others and to clarify the implications for primary health programmes in Australia in redressing the public’s apparent apathy.
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Kelly, Bridget, Kathy Chapman, Louise L. Hardy, Lesley King, and Louise Farrell. "Parental awareness and attitudes of food marketing to children: A community attitudes survey of parents in New South Wales, Australia." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 45, no. 9 (September 2009): 493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01548.x.
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Basedow, Martin, William B. Runciman, Wendy Lipworth, and Adrian Esterman. "Australian general practitioner attitudes to clinical practice guidelines and some implications for translating osteoarthritis care into practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 5 (2016): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15079.
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Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been shown to improve processes of care and health outcomes, but there is often a discrepancy between recommendations for care and clinical practice. This study sought to explore general practitioner (GP) attitudes towards CPGs, in general and specifically for osteoarthritis (OA), with the implications for translating OA care into practice. A self-administered questionnaire was conducted in January 2013 with a sample of 228 GPs in New South Wales and South Australia. Seventy-nine GPs returned questionnaires (response rate 35%). Nearly all GPs considered that CPGs support decision-making in practice (94%) and medical education (92%). Very few respondents regarded CPGs as a threat to clinical autonomy, and most recognised that individual patient circumstances must be taken into account. Shorter CPG formats were preferred over longer and more comprehensive formats, with preferences being evenly divided among respondents for short, 2–3-page summaries, flowcharts or algorithms and single page checklists. GPs considered accessibility to CPGs to be important, and electronic formats were popular. Familiarity and use of The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners OA Guideline was poor, with most respondents either not aware of it (30%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 27 – 41%), had never used it (19%; 95% CI 12 – 29%) or rarely used it (34%; 95% CI 25–45%). If CPGs are to assist with the translation of evidence into practice, they must be easily accessible and in a format that encourages use.
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O’Connor, Nick, Katherine Zantos, and Viviana Sepulveda-Flores. "Use of personal electronic devices by psychiatric inpatients: benefits, risks and attitudes of patients and staff." Australasian Psychiatry 26, no. 3 (February 20, 2018): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856218758564.
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Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of patients and staff in relation to the potential benefits and risks of allowing psychiatric inpatients controlled access to personal electronic devices (PEDs), and to document a snapshot audit of practice within the mental health inpatient units of New South Wales, Australia. Methods: Psychiatric inpatients and staff at Royal North Shore Hospital’s Mental Health inpatient units were surveyed, and an audit of the policies of the psychiatric inpatients of New South Wales was undertaken. Results: Access to PEDs is denied in 85% of New South Wales psychiatric inpatient units. While patients and staff appear to concur on the risks of access to PEDs and the need for risk assessment and rules, compared to patients, staff appear to underestimate the importance of PEDs to maintaining social connection and recovery. Conclusions: This study may assist in the formulation of local policy and procedure to allow a more recovery-oriented approach to the question of whether patients should have access to their PEDs while in hospital.
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Stevens, C. A., and R. Hassan. "Management of death, dying and euthanasia: attitudes and practices of medical practitioners in South Australia." Journal of Medical Ethics 20, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.20.1.41.
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Yeatman, Heather. "Action or inaction? Food and nutrition in Australian local governments." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 9 (September 2009): 1399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008004114.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine the current level of activity of Australian local governments in twenty-nine food and nutrition action areas and whether the level of activity had changed between 1995 and 2007.DesignA cross-sectional study utilising a postal survey was undertaken of all local governments in Australia. The same instrument and protocol were used in 1995 and 2007.SettingAustralian local governments.ResultsLocal governments in Australia continue to be engaged in food and nutrition activities. This involvement has constricted in range in the last 12 years but higher levels of engagement are reported for several areas. The levels of involvement of local governments in the different states varied significantly, with Victoria reporting higher levels of involvement in several areas, particularly in food and nutrition activities related to community services. Local governments in New South Wales and Western Australia reported significantly lower levels of involvement in food and nutrition activities. Several factors may have contributed to these differences, including availability of resources and support, mandatory requirements by state governments, different attitudes of General Managers and staff and availability of funds for special projects.ConclusionsIf Australian local governments are to be recognised and supported for their involvements in food and nutrition activities, more in-depth research is required to elucidate the factors that act as barriers or facilitate their on-going involvement in this important area. Support for local governments in rural areas to become or remain engaged in food matters should receive special consideration.
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Mwanri, Lillian, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Anna Ziersch, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Gregorius Abanit Asa, and Paul Russell Ward. "Post-Migration Stressors and Mental Health for African Migrants in South Australia: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 7914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137914.
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We conducted a qualitative study involving African migrants (n = 20) and service providers (n = 10) in South Australia to explore mental health stressors, access to mental health services and how to improve mental health services for African migrant populations. This paper presents the views and experiences of African migrants about the post-migration stressors they faced in resettlement that pose mental health challenges. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. To align with the COVID-19 pandemic protocol, the data collection was conducted using one-on-one online interviews through Zoom or WhatsApp video calls. Data analysis was guided by the framework analysis. The post-migration stressors, including separation from family members and significant others, especially spouses, imposed significant difficulties on care provision and in managing children’s attitudes and behavior-related troubles at school. African cultural practices involving the community, especially elders in care provision and disciplining children, were not consistent with Australian norms, compounding the mental health stressors for all involved. The African cultural norms, that do not allow young unmarried people to live together, also contributed to child–parent conflicts, enhancing parental mental stressors. Additionally, poor economic conditions and employment-related difficulties were post-migration stressors that the participants faced. The findings indicate the need for policy and intervention programs that address the above challenges. The provision of interventions, including social support such as subsidized or free childcare services, could help leverage their time and scheduled paid employment, creating time for effective parenting and improving their mental health and wellbeing. Future studies exploring what needs to be achieved by government and non-governmental institutions to support enhanced access to social and employment opportunities for the African migrant population are also recommended.
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Naidu, Sarushka, Jenny M. Wilkinson, and Maree D. Simpson. "Attitudes of Australian Pharmacists Toward Complementary and Alternative Medicines." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 39, no. 9 (September 2005): 1456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1g089.
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BACKGROUND: The increase in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the general public has led to increasing interest in how health professionals view these therapies. OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge and attitudes of pharmacists toward CAM. METHODS: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was designed and mailed to 1500 randomly selected pharmacists in New South Wales, Australia. RESULTS: Four hundred eighty-four responses were received, with 77% of respondents indicating that they had personally used CAM and 60% correctly identifying that CAM was comprised of more than just botanicals and nutritional agents. The most commonly used CAMs were herbal and vitamin supplements (74%), which was significantly above use of the next most frequent CAM, massage therapy (6%). Most pharmacists (71%) reported offering CAM products for sale; however, 27% of these practices did not have access to CAM information for pharmacy staff or patients. Pharmacists generally viewed CAM positively and believed that they enhanced the customers' image of pharmacy (57%), increased customer numbers (87%), and could increase annual sales (72%). Ninety-one percent of respondents believed that it is necessary for pharmacists to have knowledge of both CAM and conventional medicine to be able to inform patients about their treatment options. Books and journal articles were their primary information sources, with the main reasons for recommending CAM evidence of efficacy and to maintain general health. CONCLUSIONS: CAM use is prevalent among Australian pharmacists. While pharmacists are aware of their role as educators about both CAM and conventional medicines, there is a need for greater access to CAM resources and education on these therapies.
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Wu, Zhifang, Elizabeth Hemphill, Jennifer McKay, and Ganesh Keremane. "Investigating psychological factors of behavioural intention of urban residents in South Australia to use treated stormwater for non-potable purposes." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2013.048.
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This paper reports on the intentions of urban residents in two South Australian Local Government Areas (LGAs) (council areas) to use stormwater treated through a managed aquifer recharge process for various potential non-potable uses. Data were collected through an online survey of the residents in these LGAs. The key finding is that, in common with recycled sewage water, the intention to use treated stormwater was lower for uses having closer contact with people. A hypothesized model consisting of possible factors influencing the intention to use treated stormwater was developed based on the contemporary literature relating to usage of treated sewage water. Greater trust in the local water authority was shown to be associated directly and closely with a lower perceived health risk. A positive attitude by respondents to the use of treated stormwater (as an aspect of a sustainable future) was found to be more likely to result in an intention to use the treated stormwater for non-potable purposes. Respondents' perceived health risk, emotions and environmental concerns all had significant associations with their attitudes to using stormwater but were not associated with their intention to use it.
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Makkai, Toni, and Ian McAllister. "Public Opinion and the Legal Status of Marijuana in Australia." Journal of Drug Issues 23, no. 3 (July 1993): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269302300304.
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Since the late 1950s, when the medical use of heroin was banned in Australia, government policy toward marijuana has been based on prohibition. Despite an upsurge in the use of marijuana in the 1960s, government policy has remained virtually unchanged, except for the introduction of the expiation notice in South Australia in 1986. The authors use a wide range of opinion poll data to show that attitudes toward marijuana have remained stable over the past two decades, although the most recent data suggest that public support for reform of the legal status of marijuana may be increasing. There are notable differences in opinion between sociodemographic groups, with men, the young, and those who have been exposed to marijuana being more likely to support reform. The authors argue that as more people who have been exposed to marijuana enter the electorate and as New Politics issues become more prominent, the legal status of marijuana could become a political party issue. Data collected during the 1990 federal election among election candidates suggest that the potential for political party conflict already exists.
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Wardle, Jonathan Lee, David Sibbritt, and Jon Adams. "Acupuncture Referrals in Rural Primary Healthcare: A Survey of General Practitioners in Rural and Regional New South Wales, Australia." Acupuncture in Medicine 31, no. 4 (December 2013): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/acupmed-2013-010393.
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Background Acupuncture services form a significant part of the Australian healthcare setting, with national registration of acupuncture practitioners, public subsidies for acupuncture services and high use of acupuncture by the Australian public. Despite these circumstances, there has been little exploration of the interface between acupuncture providers and conventional primary healthcare practitioners in rural and regional Australia. Methods A 27-item questionnaire was sent by post in the second half of 2010 to all 1486 general practitioners (GPs) currently practising in rural and regional Divisions of General Practice in New South Wales, Australia to explore their practices and attitudes to a variety of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices. Their responses on other therapies have been published previously; this report covers acupuncture. Results A total of 585 GPs completed the questionnaire; 49 were returned as ‘no longer at this address’, resulting in an adjusted response rate of 40.7%. Two-thirds of GPs (68.3%) referred patients to an acupuncturist at least a few times per year, while only 8.4% stated that they would not refer patients to an acupuncturist under any circumstances. GPs being older (OR=6.08), GPs being women (OR=2.94), GPs practising in a rural rather than remote area (OR=6.25), GPs having higher levels of self-reported knowledge of acupuncture (OR=5.54), the use of complementary medicine (CAM) by a GP for their personal health (OR=2.37), previous prescription of CAM to other patients (OR=2.99), lack of other treatment options (OR=4.31) and GPs using CAM practitioners as the major source of their CAM information (OR=3.05) were all predictive of increased referral to acupuncture among rural GPs. Conclusions There is a significant interface between acupuncture and Australian rural and regional general practice, with generally high levels of support for acupuncture.
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Barber, R., and A. Sved Williams. "Psychiatrists Working in Primary Care: A Survey of General Practitioners' Attitudes." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 2 (April 1996): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679609076106.
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Objectives: To collect information on current working arrangements between general practitioners (GPs) and mental health professionals and to assess GPs' attitudes towards developing closer working practices with psychiatrists in the primary care setting. Method: Six hundred and three GPs from South Australia were surveyed with questionnaires. Main outcome measures included information about existing primary care links between GPs and mental health professionals, GPs' preferred working arrangements with psychiatrists in the primary care setting and their attitude towards developing these practices, including perceived obstacles, advantages and disadvantages. Results: One hundred and eighty-one completed questionnaires were returned. One in 11 GPs returning the questionnaire (RGPs) had established primary care links with a psychiatrist, 1 in 6 with clinical psychologists and 1 in 17 with psychiatric nurses and social workers. RGPs held positive attitudes towards developing closer links at their work settings with psychiatrists when it leads to improved collaboration and access to psychiatrists. Reservations were expressed about the public weakening of the GPs' primary care role. Conclusions: The joint needs of clinical care and GPs' further training in psychiatry could be addressed by further development of schemes to attract psychiatrists to work in primary care settings. This is mostly viewed very positively by GPs, although the percentage of GPs responding make these conclusions tentative. It is more likely to occur with changes to current funding of both private psychiatric care and GP remuneration, with a recognition of time spent in liaison.
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James, Carole L., Anna Giacomini, Frances Kay-Lambkin, Mark Rubin, and Brian Kelly. "Mental health and the resources sector: findings from a research program to promote effective mental health solutions." APPEA Journal 62, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): S282—S286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21142.
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This paper outlines a multifaceted national workplace mental health research program that incorporated assessment of individual level, work characteristics and organisational factors on mental health among workers in the resources sector within Australia and internationally. This multistep program included: identification of level of mental health and substance use problems in an Australian national study; examination of risk and protective factors (work roles, social networks and location); attitudes to seeking mental health assistance; organisational policies regarding mental health within a workplace health and safety framework; piloting a resources-specific workplace mental health program for team leaders and supervisors and a workplace suicide prevention program; and application of digital mental health interventions to this sector. Additional linked studies in New South Wales and Queensland in the resources sector assessed personal factors influencing perception of workplace physical risks and hazards, risk behaviours and opportunities for risk mitigation; and links between mental and physical health factors. A summary of the key findings are presented within the context of a program of research addressing mental health within remote settings in the resources sector. Mental health-related problems are highly prevalent among workers in remote resource settings, which has significant implications for workplace health and safety. Strategies to address prevention and effective intervention need to be tailored to the industry and employee characteristics, and address models of mental health care that are feasible and accessible in often remote and challenging environments.
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Wood, Paul, David Evans, and Ilektra Spandagou. "Attitudes of Principals Towards Students With Disruptive Behaviour: An Australian Perspective." Australasian Journal of Special Education 38, no. 1 (April 25, 2014): 14–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jse.2014.5.
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This paper reports on the attitudes of 340 government primary principals from New South Wales, Australia, towards the inclusion of students with disruptive behaviours in schools. Principals’ attitudes were examined using the Principals and Behaviour Survey (PABS), a new composite measure built upon a foundation of existing validated surveys on attitudes towards the inclusion of students with disabilities. Principal component analysis identified 3 components that were used as variables for correlations with a range of demographic characteristics, such as age, qualifications, experience, school size and location. School size and the number of students with a diagnosed mental health condition in the school had a small relationship with principals’ attitudes. From the analysis of data from the emotional response scale, it was found that principals’ emotions about inclusion were less positive towards students with disruptive behaviour than towards students with sensory, physical or intellectual disabilities. Overall, principals appeared to hold dichotomous positions in regard to the benefits of inclusion, viewing it as beneficial for students with disruptive behaviour but not for their peers. However, principals who held more positive views were consistently more positive across all measures.
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Saraswat, Nidhi, Rona Pillay, Neeta Prabhu, Bronwyn Everett, and Ajesh George. "Perceptions and Practices of General Practitioners towards Oral Cancer and Emerging Risk Factors among Indian Immigrants in Australia: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 22, 2021): 11111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111111.
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Background: In Australia, Indian immigrants are one of the fastest-growing communities. Since oral cancer is widespread in India, the indulgence of Indians in customs of areca (betel) nut use in Australia may be linked to the recent rise in oral cancer cases. Since GPs (general practitioners) are primary healthcare providers, it is pivotal to ensure the oral cancer awareness of GPs. This study aimed to explore oral cancer risk-related knowledge, beliefs, and clinical practices of GPs in Australia. Methods: Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs practicing across New South Wales and Victoria. Purposive and snowball sampling were used for recruitment. Data were analysed through a directed content analysis approach. Results: All GPs were knowledgeable of major oral cancer causative factors including tobacco and alcohol, but some had limited understanding about the risks associated with areca nut preparations. Positive attitudes were evident, with all participants acknowledging the importance of oral cancer risk assessment. Most GPs recalled not performing oral cancer routine check-ups. Conclusion: GPs presented good oral cancer knowledge except for emerging risk factors such as areca nut use. Varied beliefs and inconsistent clinical practices relating to oral cancer screening is concerning. Accessible oral cancer training around emerging risk factors may benefit GPs.
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Cain, Patricia, and Alison Reid. "Working Hard and Pushing Through: A Thematic Analysis of Humanitarian Migrants’ Experiences in the Australian Workforce." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 11502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111502.
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Employment can play an important role for humanitarian migrants in their successful integration into a new country. For humanitarian migrants to Australia, there are no skill or language restrictions imposed on resettlement. Despite the benefits, humanitarian migrants often find themselves in low-status jobs and precarious working conditions. The present study examines perceptions of job quality and exposure to workforce psychosocial risk factors such as job strain, bullying, and discrimination. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 30 humanitarian migrants from South Sudan, Afghanistan, and Iraq. Thematic analysis of transcripts identified three overarching themes: Uncertainty and Insecurity, Working Hard and Pushing Through, and Positive Attitudes and Actions. Overall, our findings show that despite high levels of education and long-term residency in Australia, many of the participants struggled to find a safe and secure place in the workforce. While some spoke about their work in positive terms, their comments should not be taken as confirmation of a positive work environment. Humanitarian migrants face an uphill battle against oppressive working conditions and underemployment.
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Adams, Nicholas H. S., and R. Julian Hafner. "Attitudes of Psychiatric Patients and their Relatives to Involuntary Treatment." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 25, no. 2 (June 1991): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048679109077739.
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In 1979 a Guardianship Board assumed responsibility in South Australia for the welfare of those mentally ill or handicapped people unable to look after their own health or safety, or to manage their own affairs. This study examines the attitudes to guardianship and involuntary treatment of 79 patients referred to the Board from a psychiatric hospital, all of whom were under guardianship at the time of the study. Forty-seven of their relatives took part in the project, which included measures of patients' psychiatric symptoms and relatives' punitiveness. Although almost 70% of patients objected to Guardianship in principle, they made more positive than negative statements about it. Nearly 60% rated involuntary treatment, including medication, as helpful. Patients reported a level of psychiatric symptoms less than half of that of a psychiatric outpatient sample. Relatives were strongly in favour of Guardianship, stating frequently that it allowed an improved relationship between themselves and the patient. Patients who believed that they were suffering from a mental illness were comparatively happy about being under Guardianship, and a belief that the patient was mentally ill was significantly associated with reduced ex-trapunitiveness in relatives.
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Zarnowiecki, Dorota M., Natalie Parletta, and James Dollman. "The role of socio-economic position as a moderator of children's healthy food intake." British Journal of Nutrition 112, no. 5 (June 23, 2014): 830–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514001354.
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Children of low socio-economic position (SEP) consume poorer diets than those of high SEP; however, there is limited understanding of why socio-economic gradients in diet occur. Some evidence suggests that determinants of dietary intake may differ between SEP groups. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the associations between personal and environmental variables and children's fruit and vegetable intake, and healthy dietary behaviours are moderated by SEP. A total of 395 children aged 9 to 13 years and their parents were recruited in Adelaide, South Australia. Personal and environmental dietary predictors were measured using child-completed online questionnaires and telephone interviews with parents. Dietary intake was measured using an online FFQ. First, dietary predictors were identified using correlated component regression, and subsequently tested for moderation by four SEP indicators using partial least-squares structural equation modelling. Fruit and vegetable intake and healthy behaviours were predicted by self-efficacy, attitudes and a supportive home environment. For girls, only the associations of self-efficacy with healthy behaviours were moderated by occupation. For boys, income moderated the associations of fruit and vegetable intake with attitudes, and healthy behaviours with supportive home environments. Occupation and employment moderated the associations of boys' family environments and fruit intake, and attitudes with healthy behaviours. Reducing socio-economic disparities in children's healthy dietary intake may be more successfully achieved by tailoring health promotion policies and interventions according to variables that moderate the relationships between dietary intake and SEP.
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Duke, Rosalie. "Children's and adults' attitudes towards parents smacking their children." Children Australia 20, no. 2 (1995): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200004478.
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Australian children's interests groups are campaigning for legislation to prohibit adults from using physical punishment with children. In this study, 100 South Australian children, early childhood university students and parents were questioned about their personal experiences of physical punishment in childhood. All three groups had strong negative recollections of being smacked. All of the adult subjects agreed that physical violence is damaging to children's psychological development and they knew that smacking is banned in South Australian state schools and pre-schools. Nevertheless a significant number (79%) used physical punishment for disciplining their own children. Furthermore, 80% of parents and early childhood education students opposed State legislation to ban hand-smacking and only 50% approved legislation to ban adults from hitting children with an implement. Although the university students had been taught and used positive child management techniques in schools and pre-schools, 65% said that they would smack their own children for ‘naughty’ behaviour. The study suggests that early learning (even learning of a negative nature) can take precedence over professionally gained knowledge and professional practice. Advocacy groups would be advised to press for community education encouraging the use of alternative child management techniques before introducing changes to legislation.
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Misan, Gary, Bronwyn Joan Ellis, Olivia M. Hutchings, Amy K. Beech, Courtney Moyle, and Nicola J. Thiele. "Teaching Old Dogs New Tricks: Health Promotion Through Intergenerational Learning in a Regional Men's Shed." Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 28, no. 1 (August 20, 2017): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v28i1.110.
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Intergenerational learning activities benefit both older and younger participants. The Whyalla Men's Shed (WMS) not only meets many of the needs of its older participants but has recently become involved in several initiatives that foster intergenerational collaboration and learning. An agreement between the University of South Australia (UniSA) and the WMS has resulted in the WMS hosting several projects led by senior Occupational Therapy (OT) students aimed at improving health literacy and promoting healthy lifestyle choices in older men. WMS placements undertaken by the OT students have enabled the students to better understand the enablers and barriers to healthy lifestyle choices in this target group and how to adapt classroom-based knowledge to best engage a disparate group of older men. Initiatives have included informal 'teaching sessions' focusing on improving dietary knowledge and skills, and on physical activity and exercise, augmented by informal cooking and exercise sessions suited to the attitudes, skills and abilities of the shed members. Students reported changes in the men's knowledge, attitude, and behaviours and activities that demonstrated active engagement with the concepts promoted. The student experience was enhanced by working on small projects allowing them to develop basic woodworking and construction skills. Shed members reported enjoying the opportunity to share life stories, skills, and experience while 'learning by doing'. It is to be hoped that such intergenerational engagements will continue to provide enrichment for both younger and older learners, building mutual respect and enhancing the self-esteem of all concerned.
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Bolsewicz, Katarzyna T., Maryke S. Steffens, Bianca Bullivant, Catherine King, and Frank Beard. "“To Protect Myself, My Friends, Family, Workmates and Patients …and to Play My Part”: COVID-19 Vaccination Perceptions among Health and Aged Care Workers in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 8954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178954.
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The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has globally caused widespread disruption, morbidity and mortality. The uptake of COVID-19 vaccination is critical for minimising further impacts of the pandemic. Health and aged care workers (HACWs) play a central role in public confidence in vaccines and are one of the priority groups for COVID-19 vaccination in Australia. Qualitative phone interviews with 19 HACWs aged 21–50 years old from New South Wales, Australia, were conducted, and the data were analysed thematically in order to understand the factors influencing HACWs’ acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. We found that HACWs reported a continuum of COVID-19 vaccination intentions with 12 enthusiastically accepting and 7 hesitant. Using the Behavioral and Social Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccination (BeSD) Framework, we found that participants’ acceptance of vaccination was primarily driven by their perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination (such as safety, risk and benefits) and by the information sources, people and norms they trusted. Informed by study findings, we propose several communication strategies which may be helpful in addressing HACWs vaccination acceptance. We note however that as the pandemic continues, further studies with HACWs from diverse backgrounds are needed in order to provide accurate data on diverse motivational and practical drivers of evolving perceptions and attitudes towards vaccination.
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Hull, Melissa J., Kate M. Gunn, Ashleigh E. Smith, Martin Jones, and James Dollman. "“We’re Lucky to Have Doctors at All”; A Qualitative Exploration of Australian Farmers’ Barriers and Facilitators to Health-Related Help-Seeking." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (September 4, 2022): 11075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711075.
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This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators that impact on farmers’ help-seeking behaviours for health and mental health concerns. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with farmers (12 male; age 51.7 ± 12.6 years) from three rural regions in South Australia. Interviews explored demographic and farm-related characteristics, perceptions of individual (and where relevant family) health and mental health concerns and experiences, and perceived barriers of health support-seeking. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes. Four key themes were identified relating to help-seeking; personal attitudes and beliefs, farm-related barriers, health system barriers and the provision of support from family and friends. Dominant personal attitudes included valuing independence, strength and privacy. Farm related barriers included the ‘farm comes first’ and the fact that ‘farm work is never done’. Health system barriers included issues relating to availability of choice and access, professionals (lack of) understanding of farm life, and time and financial costs of accessing care. Provision of support from family and friends involved informal help and advice, including facilitating access to professional support. Multiple attitudinal, structural, and farm-related issues affect farmers’ help-seeking. Professionals who understand farm work practices and routines are valued by farmers and this is likely to facilitate access to care. Workforce development programs and community programs that involve farmers’ perspectives as consumers and co-designers, using evidence-based strategies, may assist in strengthening these relationships.
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Bush, R. D., R. Barnett, I. J. Links, and P. A. Windsor. "Using abattoir surveillance and producer surveys to investigate the prevalence and current preventative management of Caseous lymphadenitis in Merino flocks in Australia." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11271.
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The prevalence of Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in Australia was estimated to be 5.2% using 2009 abattoir surveillance data from all States supplied by Animal Health Australia involving 5029 lines comprising 1 339 463 sheep. This is a decrease from the 26% estimated in a similar study in 1995. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in CLA prevalence between all states except Tasmania and Victoria (P = 0.75) with prevalences of 12.8 and 12.9%, respectively. Western Australia recorded the lowest prevalence with 1.0%. The average CLA prevalence for New South Wales was 5.3% and within three surveyed Livestock Health and Pest Authority regions (Tablelands, Central North and Central West) was 2.9, 4.9 and 4.4%, respectively. The attitude of the majority of producers surveyed in these three Livestock Health and Pest Authority areas was that CLA was of little or no significance (75%) but were aware of the need for CLA control with ~68% using 6-in-1 vaccine, though only 39.9% as recommended. It appears that the prolonged use of CLA vaccination has been successful in reducing the prevalence of CLA across Australia and particularly in New South Wales. Further improvements in communication of information on preventative management practices associated with lice control, importance of using an approved vaccination program, plus increasing producers’ awareness of the importance of CLA control, are indicated.
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Janssen, Marty, Sylvester Okeke, Carolyn Murray, Margy Ewing, Heng Lu, Christopher Bourne, and Limin Mao. "STI testing among young people attending music festivals in New South Wales, Australia: exploring the client segmentation concept in the ‘Down to Test’ program." Sexual Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh21101.
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Background The ‘Down to Test (DTT)’ campaign is a sexually transmissible infection (STI) social marketing intervention delivered through outdoor music festival activations and supported by digital media communications in New South Wales, Australia. This paper investigates whether and how the tailored messages reached the intended audience. Methods Data was collected through three annual rounds of online surveys post campaign exposure, targeting young people (aged 15–29years) attending 14 music festivals in NSW from October 2017 to March 2020. Descriptive statistics, principal component analysis and multivariable logic regression were applied to identify the key client segment and factors associated with a strong intention for future STI screening. Results Of the 10044 participants with a valid urine specimen submitted, 261 (2.8%) tested positive for chlamydia. Altogether, 1776 participants (median age=22) self-completed the evaluation surveys online with more being female (73.4%) than male (26.2%). Participants were mostly Australian-born (89.5%), heterosexual (82.6%) and the majority being sexually active (96.7%). Rates of self-reported lifetime STI testing (70.4%) and intention for future STI screening (‘definitely yes’ in the next 12months, 39.0%) were also high. The most significant factor associated with future intention for STI testing is the Sexual Experience and Perception Factor (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.02; 95%CI 1.76–2.32; P<0.001), followed by the Sexual Beliefs and Attitudes Factor (AOR=1.14; 95% CI 1.01–1.30; P<0.05). Conclusions The NSW state-wide DTT campaign has largely reached sexually active youth who are attentive to sexual health promotion messages and contributed to enhanced STI screening in a fun and peer-supportive environment.
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Wardle, Jon L., David W. Sibbritt, and Jon Adams. "Primary care practitioner perceptions and attitudes of complementary medicine: a content analysis of free-text responses from a survey of non-metropolitan Australian general practitioners." Primary Health Care Research & Development 19, no. 03 (February 8, 2018): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463423617000664.
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AimThis study examines GP perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of complementary medicine (CM), and to understand contextual factors that influence these perceptions, attitudes and knowledge.BackgroundCM use is increasing, and its influence on primary care becoming increasingly significant. Although general practitioners (GPs) often have central primary care gate-keeper roles within health systems, few studies have looked specifically at GPs’ perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of CM.MethodsA questionnaire was mailed to all 1486 GPs registered as practicing in non-metropolitan areas of New South Wales. The survey included one free-text qualitative question, where respondents were invited to highlight issues associated with CM in their own words. Free-text responses were analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis.FindingsIn total, 585 GPs responded to the survey (adjusted response rate 40.1%), with 152 (26.0%) filling in the free-text question. Central themes which emerged were risk as a primary concern; opposition to, resistance to and the inappropriateness of complementary therapies; struggles with complexity and ambivalent tolerance.ConclusionGPs in Australia have a wide variety of perceptions toward CM. A minority of GPs have absolute views on CM, with most GPs having numerous caveats and qualifications of individual CM. Efficacy is only one aspect of CM critically evaluated by GPs when gauging support for individual therapies – risk, alignment with medical principles and an openness to exploring new avenues of treatment where others have failed, all appear to be equally important considerations when GPs form their views around CM.
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Krichauff, Skye, Joanne Hedges, and Lisa Jamieson. "‘There’s a Wall There—And That Wall Is Higher from Our Side’: Drawing on Qualitative Interviews to Improve Indigenous Australians’ Experiences of Dental Health Services." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 7, 2020): 6496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186496.
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Indigenous Australians experience high levels of untreated dental disease compared to non-Indigenous Australians. We sought to gain insight into barriers that prevent Indigenous Australians from seeking timely and preventive dental care. A qualitative study design was implemented, using face-to-face interviews conducted December 2019 to February 2020. Participants were 20 Indigenous Australians (10 women and 10 men) representing six South Australian Indigenous groups; Ngarrindjeri, Narungga, Kaurna, Ngadjuri, Wiramu, and Adnyamathanha. Age range was middle-aged to elderly. The setting was participants’ homes or workplaces. The main outcome measures were barriers and enablers to accessing timely and appropriate dental care. The findings were broadly grouped into eight domains: (1) fear of dentists; (2) confusion regarding availability of dental services; (3) difficulties making dental appointments; (4) waiting times; (5) attitudes and empathy of dental health service staff; (6) cultural friendliness of dental health service space; (7) availability of public transport and parking costs; and (8) ease of access to dental clinic. The findings indicate that many of the barriers to Indigenous people accessing timely and appropriate dental care may be easily remedied. Cultural competency training enables barriers to timely access and provision of dental care to Indigenous Australians to be addressed. The findings provide important context to better enable health providers and policy makers to put in place appropriate measures to improve Indigenous people’s oral health, and the Indigenous oral health workforce in Australia.
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Drury-Hudson, Julie. "Maintaining links: Resource demands and social work attitudes in respect to parent–child access in a statutory child welfare agency." Children Australia 20, no. 1 (1995): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200004338.
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This paper investigates the demands on social work resources in the north east region of the Department For Family and Community Services in South Australia, and examines the attitudes of workers to the question of access. Twenty three social workers, working predominantly in Child and Family Teams, were interviewed. A two part questionnaire was devised. The initial data covered information relating to the frequency, duration and supervision of access visits. The second part of the questionnaire used a semi-structured, open-ended format in order to explore social workers' knowledge and values in respect to access. The results of these interviews are presented and the implications for policy and practice in relation to statutory social work are discussed.
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Olusanya, Olufunto A., and Adam E. Barry. "Letter to the Editor: Why do pregnant South African women drink alcohol? A call to action for more qualitative investigations." International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research 4, no. 2 (December 18, 2015): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.213.
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Olusanya, O., & Barry, A. (2015). Letter to the Editor: Why do pregnant South African women drink alcohol? A call to action for more qualitative investigations. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 171-174. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.213Even though the adverse effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy have been well documented, millions of babies each year continue to be affected by fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This is concerning given that FASD is completely preventable. FASDs have been documented across a variety of races and geographical regions worldwide, yet the highest known prevalence rates are recorded in Africa. Specifically, for every 1000 children born in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, approximately 59.3 to 91.0 are determined to have fetal alcohol syndrome, the most severe form of FASD. While the risk factors contributing to FASDs have been examined quantitatively among South African women, there is a dearth of qualitative investigations that articulate and contextualize the underling motivations, beliefs, and attitudes that influence these risk factors. Qualitative investigations have been conducted in other geographic regions (e.g., Australia), but are not generalizable to South Africa. Qualitative investigations, which explore the familial, social, cultural, and economic factors that influence maternal drinking, are needed to inform future health promotion programs and interventions aimed at decreasing and ultimately eliminating maternal alcohol consumption among South African women.
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Doran, Evan, Jane Robertson, and Glenn Salkeld. "Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme cost sharing, patient cost consciousness and prescription affordability." Australian Health Review 35, no. 1 (2011): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10902.
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Objective. To assess patients’ prescription medicine cost consciousness and explore the implications of further cost sharing increases for affordability. Design and participants. A telephone interview survey of 818 randomly selected prescription medicine users (408 concession card holders, 410 general beneficiaries) resident in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales, Australia. Main outcome measures. Degree of prescription cost consciousness; attitudes towards prescription use and cost sharing; self-rated capacity to manage further co-payment increases and differences between concession card holders and general beneficiaries in these measures. Results. The majority of participants were cost conscious medicine users who act responsibly towards medicine use and believe that cost sharing is appropriate. Although there were no differences in cost consciousness scores, card holders appeared more sensitive to prescription costs and increases. Conversely, general beneficiaries were more likely to report difficulties with cost (avoiding seeing a doctor, not collecting prescription medicines, stopping or reducing the dose of a prescribed medicine). Although almost 75% of respondents reported that a co-payment increase would cause financial difficulty, only 28% indicated this would change their medicine use. Conclusions. These results suggest that most Australian patients are cost conscious but many are also close to facing difficulties with prescription costs. Further increases in PBS cost sharing could compromise prescription affordability, particularly for general beneficiaries. What is known about the topic? Increased PBS cost sharing is intended to minimise unnecessary demand for prescription medicines while maintaining affordability. The key mechanism to achieve this – ‘cost consciousness’ – has not been investigated. What does this paper add? The paper provides patient level data on cost consciousness, attitudes to cost sharing and patient capacity to manage future increases in PBS cost sharing. What are the implications for practitioners? Australians are cost conscious. Further increases in PBS cost sharing make some patients even more cost conscious but may also erode affordability, particularly for general beneficiaries. A review of cost sharing is important and long overdue.
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Harris, Margaret A., and Julie E. Byles. "A Survey of Screening Compliance among First Degree Relatives of People with Colon Cancer in New South Wales." Journal of Medical Screening 4, no. 1 (March 1997): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096914139700400110.
Full textAbstract:
Objective— To survey screening practices, knowledge, and attitudes towards screening among first degree relatives of people with colon cancer. Setting— A random sample of people with colon cancer listed on the New South Wales (NSW) Cancer Registry were mailed a questionnaire to be passed on to an appropriate first degree relative. Methods— Two hundred and twenty five first degree relatives completed a self administered questionnaire. Results— Although there were high levels of awareness about colorectal cancer, and attitudes towards colorectal cancer were generally positive, screening rates were low, and only three relatives had been screened in accordance with current Australian recommendations. Factors associated with previous participation in any type of screening test (usually once) included receiving a medical recommendation to screen, having more than one relative with colorectal cancer, being a sibling of the relative with colon cancer, the relative with cancer being female, and perceiving screening as messy, but not painful. Conclusions— Strategies to enhance screening awareness and participation among relatives need to be considered. This study provides some insight into factors to be considered in developing awareness programmes. Further research is required to explore these factors, and to identify ways to overcome barriers.
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de Vlieger, Nienke, Jolien van Rossum, Nicholas Riley, Andrew Miller, Clare Collins, and Tamara Bucher. "Nutrition Education in the Australian New South Wales Primary School Curriculum: Knowledge and Attitudes of Students and Parents." Children 7, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children7040024.
Full textAbstract:
In NSW, Australia, the views of primary-school aged children and their parents in regard to the importance of nutrition education at school are unclear. The aim of the current study was to explore children’s knowledge of nutrition and eating habits and to identify gaps that future school nutrition education programs could target. Students aged 9 to 12 years and their parents (n = 21 dyads) were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews, complete a nutrition knowledge questionnaire, and perform a “healthy-unhealthy” food sorting task in a University food laboratory. Among the children, nutrition knowledge scores concerning “serves & portions” of common foods were lowest, identifying a gap in knowledge related to portion size. All children categorized fruits, vegetables, cola, and water correctly as “healthy” or “unhealthy” in the sorting task, but not for the sausage and muesli bar, suggesting that further support categorising processed foods may be needed. The interviews indicated that parents do actively try to teach their children about nutrition, although they reported feeling uncertain about their own level of nutrition knowledge. Children and parents indicated that there is very little nutrition education in school and more is needed. This research could be used to inform future curriculum components related to nutrition education for primary school children.