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Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Batra, Priyanka, Monika Barkodia, Umang Ahlawat, Rekha Sansanwal, Rajesh Kumar Vaid, and Leela Wati. "Identification and characterization of promising endophytic bacteria for growth promotion in chickpea (Cicer arietinum)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 4 (July 10, 2020): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i4.102207.

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The present study was carried out for the isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from chickpea nodules. A total of 107 endophytes were isolated from five districts of Haryana using three media, viz. YEMA for rhizobia, Pikovskaya and TSA for non-rhizobial isolates. The endophytes were then screened for various growth promoting traits like IAA production, Phosphate solubilization, Siderophore production, ACC utilization, Potassium solubilization and tolerance to NaCl concentrations. Total six endophytes, one rhizobium (HM2) and five non-rhizobial endophytes (RE6, BE13, ME3, HE5, HE7) were selected based on of plant growth promoting traits. Furthermore, the most promising non-rhizobial endophytes RE6 and BE13, compatible with Rhizobial isolate HM2 were Pseudomonas protegens and Bacillus boroniphilus using 16s rDNA sequencing. Both the isolates are non-pathogenic to humans and thus, are potential plant probiotics that can be used as biofertilizers.

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2

Hong, Woojae, Jeon Hwang-Bo, Hyelin Jeon, Minsung Ko, Joongyeon Choi, Yong-Joon Jeong, Jae-Hyun Park, et al. "A Comparative Study of the Hepatoprotective Effect of Centella asiatica Extract (CA-HE50) on Lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-Induced Acute Liver Injury in C57BL/6 Mice." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 4090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114090.

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Acute liver failure (ALF) refers to the sudden loss of liver function and is accompanied by several complications. In a previous study, we revealed the protective effect of Centella asiatica 50% ethanol extract (CA-HE50) on acetaminophen-induced liver injury. In the present study, we investigate the hepatoprotective effect of CA-HE50 in a lipopolysaccharide/galactosamine (LPS-D-Gal)-induced ALF animal model and compare it to existing therapeutic silymarin, Lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM) extracts, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate (DDB). Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were decreased in the CA-HE50, silymarin, LEM, UDCA and DDB groups compared to the vehicle control group. In particular, AST and ALT levels of the 200 mg/kg CA-HE50 group were significantly decreased compared to positive control groups. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly decreased in the CA-HE50, silymarin, LEM, UDCA and DDB groups compared to the vehicle control group and LDH levels of the 200 mg/kg CA-HE50 group were similar to those of the positive control groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly increased in the 100 mg/kg CA-HE50, LEM and UDCA groups compared to the vehicle control group and, in particular, the 100 mg/kg CA-HE50 group increased significantly compared to positive control groups. In addition, the histopathological lesion score was significantly decreased in the CA-HE50 and positive control groups compared with the vehicle control group and the histopathological lesion score of the 200 mg/kg CA-HE50 group was similar to that of the positive control groups. These results show that CA-HE50 has antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects at a level similar to that of silymarin, LEM, UDCA and DDB, which are known to have hepatoprotective effects; further, CA-HE50 has potential as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent in ALF.

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Park, Dae-Won, Yeong-Geun Lee, Yong-Joon Jeong, Hyelin Jeon, and Se-Chan Kang. "Preventive Effects against Retinal Degeneration by Centella asiatica Extract (CA-HE50) and Asiaticoside through Apoptosis Suppression by the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway." Antioxidants 10, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040613.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is caused by the chronic and gradual oxidative degeneration of the retina. Unfortunately, the general purpose of current treatments is to slow AMD progression, as the retina cannot be restored to its pre-AMD condition. We aimed to identify natural products that can be potential treatments that prevent AMD and can delay the development of late-AMD and selected Centella asiatica extract (CA-HE50), which shows excellent efficacy in cytoprotection. In animal experiments using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), CA-HE50 dramatically increased the thickness of photoreceptors and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and the number of nuclei in the ONL (p < 0.05). Using retinal epithelial ARPE-19 cells showed that CA-HE50 inhibited apoptosis through inhibition of the intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and cell cycle regulation (p < 0.05). The anti-apoptotic efficacy was confirmed to be due to activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidation pathway (p < 0.05). These results were also observed with asiaticoside, a functional substance of CA-HE50. In addition, the accumulation of oxidized-N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), which induces AMD, was inhibited by CA-HE50, resulting in increased ARPE-19 cell viability (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that CA-HE50 is worth further research and human application tests, to develop it as a raw material for treatment or dietary supplement for the prevention of AMD.

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4

Oates, Andrew C., and Robert K. Ho. "Hairy/E(spl)-related(Her) genes are central components of the segmentation oscillator and display redundancy with the Delta/Notch signaling pathway in the formation of anterior segmental boundaries in the zebrafish." Development 129, no. 12 (June 15, 2002): 2929–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.12.2929.

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We have examined the expression of a Hairy/E(spl)-related (Her) gene, her7, in the zebrafish and show that its expression in the PSM cycles similarly to her1 and deltaC. A decrease in her7 function generated by antisense oligonucleotides disrupts somite formation in the posterior trunk and tail, and disrupts the dynamic expression domains of her1 and deltaC, suggesting that her7 plays a role in coordinating the oscillations of neighboring cells in the presomitic mesoderm. This phenotype is reminiscent of zebrafish segmentation mutants with lesions in genes of the Delta/Notch signaling pathway, which also show a disruption of cyclic her7 expression. The interaction of HER genes with the Delta/Notch signaling system was investigated by introducing a loss of her7 function into mutant backgrounds. This leads to segmental defects more anterior than in either condition alone. Combining a decrease of her7 function with reduction of her1 function results in an enhanced phenotype that affects all the anterior segments, indicating that Her functions in the anterior segments are also partially redundant. In these animals, gene expression does not cycle at any time, suggesting that a complete loss of oscillator function had been achieved. Consistent with this, combining a reduction of her7 and her1 function with a Delta/Notch mutant genotype does not worsen the phenotype further. Thus, our results identify members of the Her family of transcription factors that together behave as a central component of the oscillator, and not as an output. This indicates, therefore, that the function of the segmentation oscillator is restricted to the positioning of segmental boundaries. Furthermore, our data suggest that redundancy between Her genes and genes of the Delta/Notch pathway is in part responsible for the robust formation of anterior somites in vertebrates.

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5

Henry, Clarissa A., Michael K. Urban, Kariena K. Dill, John P. Merlie, Michelle F. Page, Charles B. Kimmel, and Sharon L. Amacher. "Two linkedhairy/Enhancer of split-related zebrafish genes,her1andher7, function together to refine alternating somite boundaries." Development 129, no. 15 (August 1, 2002): 3693–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.15.3693.

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The formation of somites, reiterated structures that will give rise to vertebrae and muscles, is thought to be dependent upon a molecular oscillator that may involve the Notch pathway. hairy/Enhancer of split related [E(spl)]-related (her or hes) genes, potential targets of Notch signaling, have been implicated as an output of the molecular oscillator. We have isolated a zebrafish deficiency, b567, that deletes two linked her genes, her1 and her7. Homozygous b567 mutants have defective somites along the entire embryonic axis. Injection of a combination of her1 and her7 (her1+7) morpholino modified antisense oligonucleotides (MOs) phenocopies the b567 mutant somitic phenotype, indicating that her1 and her7 are necessary for normal somite formation and that defective somitogenesis in b567 mutant embryos is due to deletion of her1 and her7. Analysis at the cellular level indicates that somites in her1+7-deficient embryos are enlarged in the anterior-posterior dimension. Weak somite boundaries are often found within these enlarged somites which are delineated by stronger, but imperfect, boundaries. In addition, the anterior-posterior polarity of these enlarged somites is disorganized. Analysis of her1 MO-injected embryos and her7 MO-injected embryos indicates that although these genes have partially redundant functions in most of the trunk region, her1 is necessary for proper formation of the anteriormost somites and her7 is necessary for proper formation of somites posterior to somite 11. By following somite development over time, we demonstrate that her genes are necessary for the formation of alternating strong somite boundaries. Thus, even though two potential downstream components of Notch signaling are lacking in her1+7-deficient embryos, somite boundaries form, but do so with a one and a half to two segment periodicity.

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Murakami, Kohki, Soki Tanai, Takafumi Okuda, Jun Suda, Tsunenobu Kimoto, and Takahide Umeda. "ESR Study on Hydrogen Passivation of Intrinsic Defects in p-Type and Semi-Insulating 4H-SiC." Materials Science Forum 858 (May 2016): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.858.318.

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We studied the hydrogen passivation/depassivation of four types of intrinsic defects (EI5/6, HEI7/8, HEI9/10, and P6/7) in p-type and semi-insulating 4H-SiC by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) for examining the origin of career-lifetime-killing defects. We suggest that the HEI7/8 and P6/7 centers are the strongest candidate for the origin of the lifetime-killing defects.

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7

Li, Yan, Yu Ling Liu, Hong Bo Li, Ao Chen Wang, Wei Juan Liu, and Jiao Hong. "Optimization of Chemical Mechanical Planarization Process of High Enrichment Slurry Under Low Pressure." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.291.

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The polishing process was optimized according to the polishing rate and its consistency of HE slurry with different dilution multiple on the copper wafers, it can be confirmed that: the best pressure value of HE1, HE10, HE20, HE50 type slurries was 6890Pa, the best flow rate value of the preceding three slurries was 300ml/min, the best value of the HE50 slurry was 400ml/min. Through the planarization effects of the slurries with different dilution multiple, it can be obtained that: the initial dishing and erosion heights of the samples were both 1270nm and -500nm, and the two values respectively changed to 539.3nm, -75.7nm and 796.3nm, -191.3nm after being treated by HE1 and HE10 slurries, the step height of the wafer changed from 117nm to 72nm after being treated by HE20 slurry, the step height of the wafer changed from 88nm to 71nm after being treated by HE50 slurry. It was concluded that: the HE slurry shows strong ability for step removal when the slurry is diluted by 1 times and 10 times, the HE slurry also owns high planarization ability when the slurry is diluted by 20 times and 50 times.

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8

Matsuda, Mitsuhiro, Hanako Hayashi, Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo, Kumiko Yoshioka-Kobayashi, Ryoichiro Kageyama, Yoshihiro Yamanaka, Makoto Ikeya, Junya Toguchida, Cantas Alev, and Miki Ebisuya. "Species-specific segmentation clock periods are due to differential biochemical reaction speeds." Science 369, no. 6510 (September 17, 2020): 1450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba7668.

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Although mechanisms of embryonic development are similar between mice and humans, the time scale is generally slower in humans. To investigate these interspecies differences in development, we recapitulate murine and human segmentation clocks that display 2- to 3-hour and 5- to 6-hour oscillation periods, respectively. Our interspecies genome-swapping analyses indicate that the period difference is not due to sequence differences in the HES7 locus, the core gene of the segmentation clock. Instead, we demonstrate that multiple biochemical reactions of HES7, including the degradation and expression delays, are slower in human cells than they are in mouse cells. With the measured biochemical parameters, our mathematical model accounts for the two- to threefold period difference between the species. We propose that cell-autonomous differences in biochemical reaction speeds underlie temporal differences in development between species.

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9

Lafaye, G., and A. Benyamina. "Clock genes SNP array identifies a key role of the PER1/HES7 gene in the risk of cannabis addiction and psychiatric comorbidities." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): s867—s868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1739.

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The existence of biological rhythms disruption in addicted subjects has been described including disturbances in their sleep-wake pattern, rest-activity rhythms, and feeding schedules. Circadian rhythms have also been related to psychiatric diseases, including mood and anxiety disorders and the regulation of dopaminergic transmission, especially in reward circuitry in substance abusers. The relationship between them remained enigmatic and no data on the role of clock genes variants on cannabis dependence have been documented. We aimed at exploring the role of clock gene genotypes as potential predisposing factor to cannabis addiction, using a high throughput mass spectrometry methodology that enables the large-scale analysis of all the known clinically-relevant polymorphisms of the core human clock genes. We have conducted a case-control study on 177 Caucasians categorizing between cannabis-addicted subjects (n = 83) and casual cannabis consumers (n = 94). We report here a strong association between the TT* genotype RS1442849 in PER1/HES7 gene and a significantly higher risk of vulnerability to be dependent to cannabis. Moreover, this SNP was overrepresented in the subsets of cannabis users with more severe characteristics like personal psychiatric history, unemployed status, and beginning of cannabis use early in lifetime as well as large weekly consumption. HES7 gene is a newly described gene with a circadian expression regulated by reactive oxygen species in many cell types including neural stem cells. The HES7 TT* genotype RS1442849 gene could intervene on the dopamine reward systems. This genotype thus represents the first potential biomarker for stratification of cannabis consumers for the risk to develop a true dependence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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10

Adahchour, A., and P. Descouvemont. "Core excitations in He8 and He7." Physics Letters B 639, no. 5 (August 2006): 447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2006.05.092.

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11

Zeiser, S., O. Rivera, C. Kuttler, B. Hense, R. Lasser, and G. Winkler. "Oscillations of Hes7 caused by negative autoregulation and ubiquitination." Computational Biology and Chemistry 32, no. 1 (February 2008): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2007.09.004.

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12

Sielaff, Bernhard, and Jan R. Andreesen. "Analysis of the nearly identical morpholine monooxygenase-encoding mor genes from different Mycobacterium strains and characterization of the specific NADH : ferredoxin oxidoreductase of this cytochrome P450 system." Microbiology 151, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 2593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28039-0.

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Cloning and sequencing of the morABC operon region revealed the genes encoding the three components of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, which is required for the degradation of the N-heterocycle morpholine by Mycobacterium sp. strain HE5. The cytochrome P450 (P450mor) and the Fe3S4 ferredoxin (Fdmor), encoded by morA and morB, respectively, have been characterized previously, whereas no evidence has hitherto been obtained for a specifically morpholine-induced reductase, which would be required to support the activity of the P450mor system. Analysis of the mor operon has now revealed the gene morC, encoding the ferredoxin reductase of this morpholine monooxygenase. The genes morA, morB and morC were identical to the corresponding genes from Mycobacterium sp. strain RP1. Almost identical mor genes in Mycobacterium chlorophenolicum PCP-1, in addition to an inducible cytochrome P450, pointing to horizontal gene transfer, were now identified. No evidence for a circular or linear plasmid was found in Mycobacterium sp. strain HE5. Analysis of the downstream sequences of morC revealed differences in this gene region between Mycobacterium sp. strain HE5 and Mycobacterium sp. strain RP1 on the one hand, and M. chlorophenolicum on the other hand, indicating insertions or deletions after recombination. Downstream of the mor genes, the gene orf1′, encoding a putative glutamine synthetase, was identified in all studied strains. The gene morC of Mycobacterium sp. strain HE5 was heterologously expressed. The purified recombinant protein FdRmor was characterized as a monomeric 44 kDa protein, being a strictly NADH-dependent, FAD-containing reductase. The K m values of FdRmor for the substrate NADH (37·7±4·1 μM) and the artificial electron acceptors potassium ferricyanide (14·2±1·1 μM) and cytochrome c (28·0±3·6 μM) were measured. FdRmor was shown to interact functionally with its natural redox partner, the Fe3S4 protein Fdmor, and with the Fe2S2 protein adrenodoxin, albeit with a much lower efficiency, but not with spinach ferredoxin. In contrast, adrenodoxin reductase, the natural redox partner of adrenodoxin, could not use Fdmor in activity assays. These results indicated that FdRmor can utilize different ferredoxins, but that Fdmor requires the specific NADH : ferredoxin oxidoreductase FdRmor from the P450mor system for efficient catalytic function.

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13

Bessho, Y. "Dynamic expression and essential functions of Hes7 in somite segmentation." Genes & Development 15, no. 20 (October 15, 2001): 2642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.930601.

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14

Oates, Andrew C., Claudia Mueller, and Robert K. Ho. "Cooperative function of deltaC and her7 in anterior segment formation." Developmental Biology 280, no. 1 (April 2005): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.01.010.

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Rashid, M. H., A. K. M. Aminul Islam, M. G. Rasul, M. M. H. Saikat, and J. U. Ahmed. "Estimation of Magnitude of Heterosis and Heritability in Sunflower in 8X8 Half Diallel Population." Journal of Agricultural Studies 9, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v9i1.18026.

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Selected eight inbreed line were used in crossing as half diallel fashion to find out different genetic parameter as well as targeting superior combination for hybrid vigour. Sunflower first introduce in Bangladesh 1980 by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute and Mennonite Central Committee. BARI Sunflower-1(Kironi) and BARI Sunflower-2 is only two released variety. But major obstacles for sunflower cultivation are both varieties are more than 1.50m height and require > 100 days for maturity. As this country is facing climate change unfavorable weather, sunflower cannot withstand in stormy weather. Specially at the time of prematurity stormy weather causes lodging due to over height, it is essential to develop dwarf stature plant. Due to strong crop competition in winter it cannot fit in major cropping pattern T-Aman-Mustard-Boro due to it long duration. Bangladesh has accessible land of 0.85 million hectares in saline areas (Banik et al., 2011). These lands can be used for sunflower cultivation as it is moderately saline tolerant (Rahman et. al. 2018). On the other hand in different part of Bangladesh (e.g. Cumilla, Manikgonj, Sherpur, Jamalpur, Netrokina, Tangail, Dinajpur, etc.), a huge amount of lands are kept fellow after T. Aman harvest. These current fellow lands can be easily used by sunflower cultivation if short duration varieties are available. Both plant height and days to maturity were considered as favorable for negative heterosis to obtain dwarf plant stature and short duration plant to fit in existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh. Positive heterosis is considered desirable for other yield contributing traits. The hybrid HE15, HE17 and HE16 showed significant negative heterosis both for mid parent and better parent. Negative heterosis for plant height is desirable to adopt hybrid in unfavorable weather condition. The Hybrid HE15 showed both for significant negative mid parent and better parent heterosis. High heritability along with significant mid parent and better parent heterosis indicate scope of utilization of hybrid as commercial and further use in breeding programmes. Several outstanding cross combinations, HE17, HE16, HE14, HE15, and HE18 showed significant and desirable heterosis for seed yield per plant over mid parent and better parent. The hybrid combinations HE17, HE16 and HE14 could be utilized to exploit the heterosis as well as commercial multiplication of seed to get direct benefit by the farmers.

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Lefebvre, Mathilde, Anne Dieux-Coeslier, Geneviève Baujat, Elise Schaefer, Saint-Onge Judith, Anne Bazin, Lucile Pinson, et al. "Diagnostic strategy in segmentation defect of the vertebrae: a retrospective study of 73 patients." Journal of Medical Genetics 55, no. 6 (February 19, 2018): 422.2–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104939.

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BackgroundSegmentation defects of the vertebrae (SDV) are non-specific features found in various syndromes. The molecular bases of SDV are not fully elucidated due to the wide range of phenotypes and classification issues. The genes involved are in the Notch signalling pathway, which is a key system in somitogenesis. Here we report on mutations identified in a diagnosis cohort of SDV. We focused on spondylocostal dysostosis (SCD) and the phenotype of these patients in order to establish a diagnostic strategy when confronted with SDV.Patients and methodsWe used DNA samples from a cohort of 73 patients and performed targeted sequencing of the five known SCD-causing genes (DLL3, MESP2, LFNG, HES7 and TBX6) in the first 48 patients and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 28 relevant patients.ResultsTen diagnoses, including four biallelic variants in TBX6, two biallelic variants in LFNG and DLL3, and one in MESP2 and HES7, were made with the gene panel, and two diagnoses, including biallelic variants in FLNB and one variant in MEOX1, were made by WES. The diagnostic yield of the gene panel was 10/73 (13.7%) in the global cohort but 8/10 (80%) in the subgroup meeting the SCD criteria; the diagnostic yield of WES was 2/28 (8%).ConclusionAfter negative array CGH, targeted sequencing of the five known SCD genes should only be performed in patients who meet the diagnostic criteria of SCD. The low proportion of candidate genes identified by WES in our cohort suggests the need to consider more complex genetic architectures in cases of SDV.

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Hirata, Hiromi, Yasumasa Bessho, Hiroshi Kokubu, Yoshito Masamizu, Shuichi Yamada, Julian Lewis, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "Instability of Hes7 protein is crucial for the somite segmentation clock." Nature Genetics 36, no. 7 (May 30, 2004): 750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1372.

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Harima, Yukiko, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "Oscillatory links of Fgf signaling and Hes7 in the segmentation clock." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 23, no. 4 (August 2013): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2013.02.005.

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19

Reynolds, Penny S. "Old Tricks for New Dogs? John Caddy and the Victorian Origins of TCCC." Journal of Special Operations Medicine 18, no. 2 (2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55460/heb7-ko2v.

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Stauber, Michael, Chetana Sachidanandan, Christina Morgenstern, and David Ish-Horowicz. "Differential Axial Requirements for Lunatic Fringe and Hes7 Transcription during Mouse Somitogenesis." PLoS ONE 4, no. 11 (November 24, 2009): e7996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007996.

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Fadeev, S. I., N. A. Omel’yanchuk, and V. A. Likhoshvai. "Study of a mathematical model for the autoregulation of Hes7 protein synthesis." Journal of Applied and Industrial Mathematics 3, no. 3 (July 2009): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s199047890903003x.

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Sari, Dini Wahyu Kartika, Ryutaro Akiyama, Takaaki Matsui, and Yasumasa Bessho. "LIVE IMAGING OF ERK ACTIVITY STEPWISE PATTERNING DURING SOMITOGENESIS." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2015): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.176.

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<p>Periodical segmentation of the anterior extremity of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) generates metameric structure of somites during vertebrate development. During somite segmentation in zebrafish, msep determines a future somite boundary at position B-2 within the PSM. However, heat shock experiments suggest that an earlier future of somite boundary exists at B-5, but the molecular signature of this boundary remains unidentified. Our recent study demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) gradient is converted into an ON-OFF boundary of downstream Erk activity, which corresponds to the future B-5 somite boundary. Moreover, we also revealed that the segmentation clock is required for a stepwise posterior shift of the Erk activity boundary during each segmentation. To clarify this evidence, here we perform time-lapse imaging of Erk activity in living embryos using a FRET biosensor. We focused on FRET signals within the PSM to observe spatial and temporal changes of Erk activity. Consistent with the data from fixed embryos, we observed ON-OFF boundary of Erk activity within the PSM and the position stepwisely shifted to posterior during somite formation. In order to test the contribution of the segmentation clock to the stepwise movements of the ON-OFF boundary of Erk activity, we disrupted the segmentation clock in zebrafish embryos by knocking down two segmentation clock genes, her1 and her7. Double knockdown of her1 and her7 resulted in the failure of the shift of the Erk ON-OFF boundary during somite segmentation, leading to segmentation defects of somites. These results strongly suggest that the clock-dependent stepwise movement of Erk activity is a key mechanism to generate the perfect repetitive structure of somites.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: Live imaging, Erk, stepwise, somitogenesis</p>

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Reyes, Cristian D. Gutierrez, Md Abdul Hakim, Mojgan Atashi, Mona Goli, Sakshi Gautam, Junyao Wang, Andrew I. Bennett, Jianhui Zhu, David M. Lubman, and Yehia Mechref. "LC-MS/MS Isomeric Profiling of N-Glycans Derived from Low-Abundant Serum Glycoproteins in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients." Biomolecules 12, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12111657.

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an early stage of memory loss that affects cognitive abilities, such as language or virtual/spatial comprehension. This cognitive decline is mostly observed with the aging of individuals. Recently, MCI has been considered as a prodromal phase of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with a 10–15% conversion rate. However, the existing diagnostic methods fail to provide precise and well-timed diagnoses, and the pathophysiology of MCI is not fully understood. Alterations of serum N-glycan expression could represent essential contributors to the overall pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and be used as a potential marker to assess MCI diagnosis using non-invasive procedures. Herein, we undertook an LC-MS/MS glycomics approach to determine and characterize potential N-glycan markers in depleted blood serum samples from MCI patients. For the first time, we profiled the isomeric glycome of the low abundant serum glycoproteins extracted from serum samples of control and MCI patients using an LC-MS/MS analytical strategy. Additionally, the MRM validation of the identified data showed five isomeric N-glycans with the ability to discriminate between healthy and MCI patients: the sialylated N-glycans GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3 and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4 with single AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.96; and the sialylated-fucosylated N-glycans GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac, GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2, and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3 with single AUCs of 0.94, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.98. According to the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and in line with recent publications, the identified N-glycans may play an important role in neuroinflammation. It is a process that plays a fundamental role in neuroinflammation, an important process in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

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McMahon, Michele A., Robert N. Barnett, and K. Birgitta Whaley. "Rotational excitations of quantum liquid clusters: He7 and (H2)7." Journal of Chemical Physics 99, no. 11 (December 1993): 8816–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465550.

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Ishii, Akiko, Taeko Kobayashi, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "Requirement of multiple lysine residues for the transcriptional activity and the instability of Hes7." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 372, no. 1 (July 2008): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.05.015.

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26

Bessho, Yasumasa, Goichi Miyoshi, Ryoichi Sakata, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "Hes7 : a bHLH-type repressor gene regulated by Notch and expressed in the presomitic mesoderm." Genes to Cells 6, no. 2 (February 2001): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2443.2001.00409.x.

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27

Chen, Jun, Liang Kang, and Nian Zhang. "Negative feedback loop formed by Lunatic fringe and Hes7 controls their oscillatory expression during somitogenesis." genesis 43, no. 4 (2005): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gene.20171.

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28

Schuffenhauer, Grit, Thomas Schräder, and J. R. Andreesen. "Morpholine-induced formation of l -alanine dehydrogenase activity in Mycobacterium strain HE5." Archives of Microbiology 171, no. 6 (May 18, 1999): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050728.

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29

Choorapoikayil, Suma, Bernd Willems, Peter Ströhle, and Martin Gajewski. "Analysis of her1 and her7 Mutants Reveals a Spatio Temporal Separation of the Somite Clock Module." PLoS ONE 7, no. 6 (June 18, 2012): e39073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039073.

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30

Bessho, Y. "Periodic repression by the bHLH factor Hes7 is an essential mechanism for the somite segmentation clock." Genes & Development 17, no. 12 (June 15, 2003): 1451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1092303.

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31

Elmasri, Harun, Daniel Liedtke, Genia Lücking, Jean-Nicolas Volff, Manfred Gessler, and Christoph Winkler. "her7 and hey1, but not lunatic fringe show dynamic expression during somitogenesis in medaka (Oryzias latipes)." Gene Expression Patterns 4, no. 5 (September 2004): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.modgep.2004.02.003.

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32

Sparrow, Duncan B., Eissa Ali Faqeih, Bahauddin Sallout, Abdulrahman Alswaid, Faroug Ababneh, Moeenaldeen Al-Sayed, Hadeel Rukban, et al. "Mutation of HES7 in a large extended family with spondylocostal dysostosis and dextrocardia with situs inversus." American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 161, no. 9 (July 29, 2013): 2244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.36073.

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33

Jeong, Yong Joon, Hyelin Jeon, and Se Chan Kang. "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Parallel Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Centella asiatica L. Extract for Reducing Alanine Transaminase (ALT) Level in Subjects with Elevated ALT." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (December 4, 2021): 11498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311498.

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The liver is an important organ that detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for life. There are many medications on the market to treat liver diseases, but these can be a strain on the liver due to the need for a detoxification process in the organ. Herbal medicines are replacing synthetic drugs. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Centella aisatica L. extract for reducing alanine transaminase (ALT) levels using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study. Investigators performed a clinical trial in which an herbal treatment was administered every morning for 12 weeks to 80 patients in two groups. The study protocol number was SYN/RM/CA-008. The results demonstrated improved ALT levels with a positive change in the investigational product (IP) group (−19.9) compared to the placebo group (1.8) (p < 0.0001). In addition, IP treatment was safe and non-toxic. The current data indicate that CA-HE50 exhibits clinically significant changes for all hepatoprotective efficacy parameters, suggesting potential for development and applicability as a hepatoprotective substance.

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34

Harima, Yukiko, Yoshiki Takashima, Yuriko Ueda, Toshiyuki Ohtsuka, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "Accelerating the Tempo of the Segmentation Clock by Reducing the Number of Introns in the Hes7 Gene." Cell Reports 3, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2012.11.012.

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35

Köchert, Karl, Stephan Kreher, Jon C. Aster, Motoo Kitagawa, Korinna Jöhrens, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Franziska Jundt, et al. "High-Level Expression of Mastermind-Like 2 (MAML2) Contributes to Aberrant Activation of the NOTCH Signaling Pathway In Human Lymphomas." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 2685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.2685.2685.

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Abstract Abstract 2685 Inappropriate activation of the NOTCH signaling pathway, e.g. by activating mutations, contributes to the pathogenesis of various human malignancies. Here, we demonstrate that aberrant expression of an essential NOTCH co-activator of the Mastermind-like (MAML) family provides an alternative mechanism to activate NOTCH signaling in human lymphoma cells. We detected high-level MAML2 expression in several B cell-derived lymphoma types, including classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) cells, relative to normal B cells. Inhibition of MAML protein activity by a dominant negative form of MAML or by shRNAs targeting MAML2 in cHL cells resulted in down-regulation of the NOTCH target genes HES7 and HEY1, which we identified as overexpressed in cHL cells, and in reduced proliferation. Furthermore, a NOTCH gene-expression signature in cHL cells confirmed their cell-autonomous NOTCH activity. Finally, in line with the essential role of MAML proteins for assembly and activity of the NOTCH transcriptional complex (NTC) we show that MAML-derived small-peptide constructs block NOTCH activity and disrupt NTC formation in vitro. These data strongly suggest direct targeting of the NTC as treatment strategy for NOTCH-dependent malignancies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Légaré, Christine, Nancy Verville, and Robert Sullivan. "Vasectomy Influences Expression of HE1 but not HE2 and HE5 Genes in Human Epididymis." Journal of Andrology 25, no. 1 (January 2, 2004): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2004.tb02756.x.

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37

Willet, Cali E., Mariano Makara, George Reppas, George Tsoukalas, Richard Malik, Bianca Haase, and Claire M. Wade. "Canine Disorder Mirrors Human Disease: Exonic Deletion in HES7 Causes Autosomal Recessive Spondylocostal Dysostosis in Miniature Schnauzer Dogs." PLOS ONE 10, no. 2 (February 6, 2015): e0117055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117055.

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38

Trofka, A., J. Schwendinger-Schreck, T. Brend, W. Pontius, T. Emonet, and S. A. Holley. "The Her7 node modulates the network topology of the zebrafish segmentation clock via sequestration of the Hes6 hub." Development 139, no. 5 (January 25, 2012): 940–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.073544.

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39

Nutz, A., O. Kwiecien, J. P. Buylaert, A. Guihou, I. Khabouchi, P. Deschamps, S. F. M. Breitenbach, et al. "A 60–50 ka African Humid Period modulated by stadial Heinrich events HE6 and HE5a in northwestern Africa." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 635 (February 2024): 111952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111952.

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40

Sexton-Bonacci, Rachel E., Chinedum Udekwu, Baris Boylu, and Olorunseun O. Ogunwobi. "Abstract 473: PVT1 exon 9 overexpression induces AR null phenotype and cellular reprogramming in prostate cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-473.

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Abstract Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is an oncogenic long-noncoding RNA (lncRNA) gene located directly downstream of MYC on chromosome 8q24. PVT1 is an oncogene overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) and can promote oncogenesis by altering gene expression directly or acting as a noncoding RNA sponge. Beyond functioning as a lncRNA, PVT1 gene encodes six microRNAs that each have independent functions. Our group identified overexpression of PVT1 exon 9 in PCa samples derived from men of African Ancestry and overexpression may explain why this population group experiences more aggressive disease. We overexpressed PVT1 exon 9 in RWPE1 prostate epithelial cells (RWPE1_ex9) and found enhanced migration and invasion compared to empty vector (RWPE1_ev). Implantation of RWPE1_ex9 cells into mice led to the formation of tumors with the neuroendocrine PCa (NEPC) phenotype that was histopathologically confirmed. RNA-sequencing analysis of PVT1 exon 9 overexpression showed significant (p-value < 0.05) upregulation of 141 genes. The majority of pathways impacted by PVT1 exon 9 overexpression were interferon type 1 signaling (RSAD2, CMPK2), developmental NOTCH signaling (HES7), cargo-transport (STX16) and tumor microenvironment promoting factors (HS3ST3A1). We found loss of androgen receptor (AR) expression at mRNA and protein levels in RWPE1_ex9 cells, a hallmark of NEPC, which further supports our hypothesis that PVT1 exon 9 overexpression plays a role in NEPC development. Validation of RNA-sequencing confirmed upregulation of RSAD2, CMPK2, STX16, HES7 and HS3ST3A1 within RWPE1_ex9 cells compared to RWPE1_ev and RWPE1 wild-type, suggestive of cellular reprogramming of prostate epithelial cells. We further analyzed expression profile in a novel circulating tumor cell model of castration-resistant 22RV1 cells (C22OH) and found enhanced expression of PVT1 exon 9, suppression of AR, phosphorylation of AR serine residue 308 and enhanced CDK11 activity compared to the primary 22RV1 cell line T22OH suggestive of a cell-cycle mediated regulatory mechanism. We further found enhanced expression of chromogramin A in the C22OH cell line, a marker of NEPC. These results suggest PVT1 exon 9 overexpression may play a critical role in NEPC development from normal epithelial cells via cellular reprogramming as well as facilitating a transition to NEPC from a castration resistant phenotype. PVT1 exon 9 may be a useful predictive biomarker that can identify populations which are likely to have disease progression from castration resistance to NEPC and further highlights the need to identify therapeutic strategies to target PVT1 exon 9 overexpression. Citation Format: Rachel E. Sexton-Bonacci, Chinedum Udekwu, Baris Boylu, Olorunseun O. Ogunwobi. PVT1 exon 9 overexpression induces AR null phenotype and cellular reprogramming in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 473.

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41

WERNER, OLAF, PEDRO SÁNCHEZ-GÓMEZ, MIGUEL A. CARRIÓN-VÍLCHES, and JUAN GUERRA. "Evaluation of genetic diversity in Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) from the southern Iberian Peninsula and North Africa using RAPD assay. Implications for reafforestation policy." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 50, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/r57x-eant-ljgw-hej7.

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42

ANIKSTER, YEHOSHUA. "HOST–PARASITE RELATIONS IN A POPULATION OF WILD EMMER IN EASTERN GALILEE." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 49 (January 1, 2001): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/yujh-heh7-8ha1-dc57.

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43

Houben, Gerard J. "Production Control and Chronic Stress in Work Organizations." International Journal of Health Services 21, no. 2 (April 1991): 309–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ew7p-he5l-h3tx-rp7r.

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44

Sakamoto, Akio, Yoshinao Oda, Toshisada Adachi, Sadafumi Tamiya, Shuichi Matsuda, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Yukihide Iwamoto, and Masazumi Tsuneyoshi. "H-rasOncogene Mutation in Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 115, no. 2 (February 2001): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/hef7-54yq-juve-2thh.

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45

ANIKSTER, YEHOSHUA. "HOST-PARASITE RELATIONS IN A POPULATION OF WILD EMMER IN EASTERN GALILEE." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 49, Supplement 1 (January 1, 2001): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1092/yujh-heh7-8ha1-dc57.

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46

LEE, TAE HYUN, DONG HYUCK KAM, CHEOLHEE KIM, and JE HOON OH. "Observation of Arc and Metal Transfer Behavior according to Shielding Gas in the WAAM of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy Using the Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Process." Welding Journal 102, no. 10 (October 1, 2023): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29391/2023.102.020.

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In arc welding and wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of Ti alloys, pulsed gas metal arc (GMA) processes have a higher deposition than shortcircuiting GMA mode processes, such as cold metal transfer, surface tension transfer, and controlled short-circuit processes. In this study, pulsed GMA WAAM of Ti–6Al–4V alloy was conducted under Ar, Ar50%/He50% mixed, and He shielding gases. Owing to the thermionic emission of electrons from the Ti substrate, cathode jets were emitted from the high-temperature region of the weld pool, which interfered with droplet transfer into the weld pool. The arc shape surrounding the droplet varied according to the shielding gas, and the arc was established at the bottom of the hanging droplet under the He shielding gas, which disturbed droplet detachment. Two spatter generation modes of droplet ejection from the weld pool surface and inflight droplet repelling were observed, and droplet ejection was the most frequent spatter generation mechanism. The mixed shielding gas showed the best performance in terms of arc stability, wire melting, droplet transfer, and spatter suppression. The arc, cathode, and metal transfer characteristics were elucidated in this study, and a suitable gas composition for pulsed GMA WAAM of Ti alloys was proposed.

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47

Kim, Jae Hyo, Young Seob Gwak, Inhyung Lee, In Churl Sohn, Min Sun Kim, Dong Ok Choi, Dae Bong Baek, and Byung Rim Park. "Antinociceptive Effects of Heterotopic Electroacupuncture in Formalin-Induced Pain." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 34, no. 04 (January 2006): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x06004107.

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This study examined the antinociceptive effect of electroacupuncture (EA) to heterotopic acupoints on formalin-induced pain in rats. EA (2 ms, 10 Hz, and 3 mA) was delivered to heterotopic acupoints HE7 and PE7, or non-acupoints at the right fore limb, for 30 min and was immediately followed by subcutaneous formalin injection into the left hind paw, respectively. The quantified pain score, electromyogram (EMG) response of the C-fiber reflex, and cFos immunoreactivity were assessed, respectively. EA to heterotopic acupoints significantly reduced both early- and late-phase pain-like behaviors and significantly decreased the EMG responses of the C-fiber reflex after formalin injection. By contrast, EA to non-acupoints had no significant effects on pain-like behavior or the EMG response. In addition, EA to heterotopic acupoints decreased cFos immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn. Therefore, EA induced pre-emptive antinociception via the extra-segmental inhibition of the formalin-induced pain, suggesting that EA to heterotopic acupoints is a useful treatment for inflammatory pain.

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48

González, Aitor, Iris Manosalva, Tianxiao Liu, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "Control of Hes7 Expression by Tbx6, the Wnt Pathway and the Chemical Gsk3 Inhibitor LiCl in the Mouse Segmentation Clock." PLoS ONE 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2013): e53323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053323.

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49

Niwa, Yasutaka, Yoshito Masamizu, Tianxiao Liu, Rika Nakayama, Chu-Xia Deng, and Ryoichiro Kageyama. "The Initiation and Propagation of Hes7 Oscillation Are Cooperatively Regulated by Fgf and Notch Signaling in the Somite Segmentation Clock." Developmental Cell 13, no. 2 (August 2007): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2007.07.013.

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50

Sielaff, B., J. R. Andreesen, and T. Schräder. "A cytochrome P450 and a ferredoxin isolated from Mycobacterium sp. strain HE5 after growth on morpholine." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 56, no. 3-4 (August 1, 2001): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530100634.

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