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Academic literature on the topic 'HDR brachytherapy'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "HDR brachytherapy"

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Kanaev, Sergey, Ye Bykova, I. Akulova, Nadezhda Popova, Pavel Krzhivitskiy, Petr Krivorotko, Olga Ponomareva, Zhanna Bryantseva, Sergey Novikov, and Yu Melnik. "RADIATION BOOST AFTER WHOLE-BREAST IRRADIATION: DOSIMETRIC COMPARISON OF HIGH DOSE RATE INTERSTITIAL BRACHYTHERAPY AND IRRADIATION WITH ELECTRONS." Problems in oncology 64, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-3-303-309.

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Purpose: dosimetric comparison of high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR) and irradiation with electrons for radiation boost after whole-breast irradiation. Material and methods: in 62 patients with рТ1N0М0-рТ2№М0 breast cancer we used HDR brachytherapy for delivering boost to tumor bed. In all cases insertion of plastic needles was performed under CT control with subsequent 3D planning. Pre-insertion CT were used for 3D planning of boost delivery with electrons. Results: Boost delivery with HDR brachytherapy had several important advantages when compared with boost with electrons. HDR brachytherapy demonstrated more accurate irradiation of tumor bed: D90 HDR - 93,1 % (69,1 % - 118 %), D90 electrons - 86,2 % (47,6 % - 104,1 %). Boost delivery with HDR brachytherapy help to minimize radiation burden to left main coronary artery - Dmax electrons - 14.8 % (0.2 %-71.8%), Dmax HDR - 5.2 % (0.7 %-14.2 %). Radiation burden to left anterior descending artery is also decreasing: Dmax electrons - 21.9 % (0.8 %-94.1 %), Dmax HDR - 10.5 % (1.9 %-31.5 %). Radiation dose absorbed in ip-silateral lung also significantly lower with HDR brachytherapy: Dmed electrons - 6,5 % (0,5 % - 19,3 %), Dmed HDR - 2,3 % (0,8 % - 10,8 %). Conclusions: the present dosimetric analysis indicated that boost delivery with HDR brachytherapy is more accurate than irradiation with electrons.
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Mitra, Devarati, Yaguang Pei, Ivan Buzurovic, Phillip M. Devlin, Katherine Thornton, Chandrajit P. Raut, Elizabeth H. Baldini, and Miranda B. Lam. "Angiosarcoma of the Scalp and Face: A Dosimetric Comparison of HDR Surface Applicator Brachytherapy and VMAT." Sarcoma 2020 (August 25, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7615248.

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Purpose. Angiosarcoma of the face and scalp is a rare disease with high rates of recurrence. The optimal treatment approach is not well defined. This study presents a dosimetric comparison of high-dose-rate surface applicator (HDR-SA) brachytherapy to volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Methods. Between 2011 and 2018, 12 patients with primary or recurrent angiosarcoma of the face or scalp were treated with HDR-SA brachytherapy using CT-based planning at our institution. For comparison, deliverable VMAT plans for each patient were generated, and dose distribution was compared to the delivered HDR-SA brachytherapy plans. Results. Both VMAT and HDR-SA brachytherapy plans delivered good coverage of the clinical target. However, the dose distribution of VMAT was significantly different from HDR-SA brachytherapy across a variety of parameters. Mean doses to the lacrimal gland, orbit, lens, and cochlea were significantly higher with HDR-SA brachytherapy vs. VMAT. Brain Dmax, V80%, and V50% were also significantly higher with HDR-SA brachytherapy. Conclusions. There may be dosimetric advantages to VMAT over HDR-SA brachytherapy for many patients. However, individual tumor location, patient anatomy, and treatment reproducibility may result in HDR-SA brachytherapy being the preferred technique in a subset of patients. Ultimately, a personalized approach is likely to be the optimal treatment plan.
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Crook, Juanita, Marina Marbán, and Deidre Batchelar. "HDR Prostate Brachytherapy." Seminars in Radiation Oncology 30, no. 1 (January 2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2019.08.003.

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Strom, Tobin Joel Crill, Alex Cruz, Nicholas Figura, Kushagra Shrinath, Kevin Nethers, Eric Albert Mellon, Daniel Celestino Fernandez, et al. "Health-related quality of life changes due to high-dose rate brachytherapy, low-dose rate brachytherapy, or intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 2_suppl (January 10, 2016): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.72.

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72 Background: To compare urinary, bowel, and sexual health-related quality of life (HRQOL) changes due to high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy, low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy, or intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) monotherapy for prostate cancer. Methods: Between January 2002 and September 2013, 413 low-risk or favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients were treated with HDR brachytherapy monotherapy to 2,700-2,800 cGy in two fractions (n=85), iodine-125 LDR brachytherapy monotherapy to 14,500 cGy in one fraction (n=249), or IMRT monotherapy to 7,400-8,100 cGy in 37-45 fractions (n=79) without pelvic lymph node irradiation. No androgen deprivation therapy was given. Patients used an International Prostate Symptoms Score questionnaire, an Expanded Prostate cancer Index Composite-26 bowel questionnaire, and a Sexual Health Inventory for Men questionnaire to assess their urinary, bowel, and sexual HRQOL, respectively, pre-treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months post-treatment. Results: Median follow-up was 32 months. HDR brachytherapy and IMRT patients had significantly less deterioration in their urinary HRQOL than LDR brachytherapy patients at 1 and 3 months post-irradiation. The only significant decrease in bowel HRQOL between the groups was seen 18 months following treatment, at which point IMRT patients had a slight, but significant, deterioration in their bowel HRQOL compared with HDR and LDR brachytherapy patients. HDR brachytherapy patients had worse sexual HRQOL than both LDR brachytherapy and IMRT patients following treatment. Conclusions: IMRT and HDR brachytherapy cause less severe acute worsening of urinary HRQOL than LDR brachytherapy. However, IMRT causes a slight, but significant, worsening of bowel HRQOL compared with HDR and LDR brachytherapy.
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Tyree, W. C., H. Cardenes, M. Randall, and L. Papiez. "High-dose-rate brachytherapy for vaginal cancer: Learning from treatment complications." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 12, no. 1 (January 2002): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200201000-00005.

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Abstract.Tyree WC, Cardenes H, Randall M, Papiez L. High-dose-rate brachytherapy for vaginal cancer: learning from treatment complications.Historically, early stage vaginal cancer has been treated with low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Complication rates have been low and treatment efficacious. Although high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy has been used for cervical cancer in many countries for over a decade, only more recently has it been integrated into treatment plans for vaginal cancer. This paper describes three patients treated with HDR brachytherapy who experienced significant late effects. Given the very limited amount of literature regarding the use of HDR brachytherapy in vaginal cancer, this analysis potentially contributes to an understanding of treatment-related risk factors for complications among patients treated with this modality.A focused review of hospital and departmental treatment records was done on three patients treated with HDR brachytherapy. Abstracted information included clinical data, treatment parameters (technique, doses, volume, combinations with other treatments) and outcomes (local control, survival, early and late effects). A review of the available literature was also undertaken.All patients had significant complications. Although statistical correlations between treatment parameters and complications are impossible given the limited number of patients, this descriptive analysis suggests that vaginal length treated with HDR brachytherapy is a risk factor for early and late effects, that the distal vagina has a lower radiation tolerance than the upper vagina with HDR as in LDR, and that combining HDR with LDR as done in our experience carries a high risk of late toxicity.Integration of HDR brachytherapy techniques into treatment plans for early stage vaginal cancers must be done cautiously. The etiology of the significant side effects seen here is likely to be multifactorial. For users of HDR brachytherapy in vaginal cancer, there is a need to further refine and standardize treatment concepts and treatment delivery. Ideally this will be based on continued careful observation and reporting of both favorable and unfavorable outcomes and experiences.
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Hatcher, Jeremy, Adam Shulman, Claire Dempsey, Betty Chang, Sameeksha Malhotra, Oluwadamilola Oladeru, Michael Tassoto, Peter Sandwall, Sonja Dieterich, and Benjamin Li. "Collaborative Model for International Telehealth: High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Training for Emerging Radiation Oncology Centers in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries." JCO Global Oncology 6, Supplement_1 (July 2020): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.47000.

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PURPOSE High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is a critical treatment modality—both palliative and curative—for gynecologic malignancies that significantly burden low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Many of these countries currently have limited capacity to provide necessary brachytherapy treatment. To bridge this gap in LMICs in North Africa and the Middle East, nonprofits Rayos Contra Cancer and Radiating Hope evaluated the efficacy, cost, and feasibility of a pilot HDR brachytherapy continuing medical education curriculum to selected regional cancer centers via videoconferencing. METHODS Rayos Contra Cancer and Radiating Hope recruited a global team of HDR brachytherapy content experts. They developed a 16-week curriculum and recruited 10 regional cancer center partners in LMICs throughout the Middle East, Africa, and Nepal. The curriculum included 17 sessions shared via live Zoom videoconferences. A lead correspondent was assigned for communication at each center. Attendance was taken during each call, and pre- and postsession Likert-scale (1 to 5 points) surveys were collected from participants that assessed their confidence in 15 practical competencies in HDR brachytherapy and overall confidence in their ability to provide services and teach others. RESULTS A total of 326 attendance hours was recorded during the curriculum. Among 46 participants, the average paired confidence scores increased pre- versus postcurriculum in all 15 practical competencies, with an average improvement of 1.2 out of 5 and significant P values in all 15 topics. Absolute improvements were largest for confidence in applicator commissioning (2.3 to 3.8, P = .0015), TPS commissioning (2.2 to 3.7, P = .0010), and commissioning an HDR machine (2.2 to 4.0, P = .00096). Participant confidence significantly increased in ability to provide services (3.5 to 4.2, P = .0023) and teach others (3.4 to 3.9, P = .013). There was no cost to provide this training, and more than 4,300 patients are treated annually with HDR brachytherapy at participating centers. CONCLUSION This novel low-cost telehealth model for HDR brachytherapy training is a promising vehicle for advancing cancer care in LMICs. Postcourse surveys demonstrated increased confidence in both providing care and teaching in HDR brachytherapy, and sessions were well attended. A video-based telehealth teaching platform enabled expert HDR brachytherapy providers and physicists to reach growing cancer centers worldwide.
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Kabacińska, R., J. Jastrzembski, R. Makarewicz, and B. Drzewiecka. "Optimisation in HDR brachytherapy." Reports of Practical Oncology 2, no. 2 (January 1997): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1428-2267(97)70122-4.

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de la Torre, Marcela, Isabel Rodriguez, and Victor J. Bourel. "117 HDR endobronchial brachytherapy." Radiotherapy and Oncology 39 (May 1996): S30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8140(96)87922-9.

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Scott, Aba Anoa, Joel Yarney, Verna Vanderpuye, Charles Akoto Aidoo, Mervin Agyeman, Samuel Ntiamoah Boateng, Evans Sasu, Kwabena Anarfi, and Tony Obeng-Mensah. "Outcomes of patients with cervical cancer treated with low- or high-dose rate brachytherapy after concurrent chemoradiation." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 31, no. 5 (February 8, 2021): 670–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-002120.

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ObjectiveThe majority of patients with cervical cancer in Ghana present with locally advanced disease. In October 2014, high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy was introduced at the National Center for Radiotherapy, Accra after years of using low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment outcomes of patients treated with LDR versus HDR brachytherapy.MethodsPatients with cervical cancer treated from January 2008 to December 2017 were reviewed. Those with stage IB–IIIB who received chemoradiation plus brachytherapy were included in the study. Post-operative patients and those with stage IV were excluded. The study end points were local control, disease-free survival, and overall survival at 2 years. Endpoints were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Comparisons between treatment groups were performed using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsWe included 284 LDR and 136 HDR brachytherapy patients. For stages IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA and IIIB disease, the 2-year local control for LDR versus HDR brachytherapy was 63% and 61% (p=0.35), 86% and 90% (p=0.68), 86% and 88% (p=0.83), 66% and 60% (p=0.56), and 77% and 40% (p=0.005), respectively. The 2-year disease-free survival for LDR versus HDR brachytherapy was 64% and 61% (p=0.50), 81% and 69% (p=0.18), 81% and 80% (p=0.54), 62% and 33% (p=0.82), and 71% and 30% (p=0.001) for stages IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, and IIIB, respectively. The 2-year overall survival for LDR versus HDR brachytherapy was 94% and 93% (p=0.92), 98% and 68% (p=0.21), 89% and 88% (p=0.60), and 88% and 82% (p=0.34) for stages IB, IIA, IIB, and IIIB disease, respectively.ConclusionThere was no difference between LDR and HDR brachytherapy in local control and disease-free survival for all stages of disease, except in stage IIIB. These findings highlight the need to refine this brachytherapy technique for this group of patients.
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Adhikari, Kanchan P., Aarati Shah, Bibek Achraya, Ambuj Karn, and Sandhya Chapagain. "ACCEPTANCE TESTING, COMMISSIONING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR A NUCLETRON 192IR HDR BRACHYTHERAPY AFTERLOADER AT NAMS, BIR HOSPITAL." Scientific World 12, no. 12 (October 6, 2015): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v12i12.13604.

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To evaluate the accuracy of radiation dose delivered to the cancer patients by using HDR Brachytherapy and to know proposed methods for the initial source installation tests, acceptance testing and a quality assurance program are done on Nucletron MicroSelectron 192Ir HDR Brachytherapy Afterloader at NAMS, Bir Hospital. The observation of sweet spots (maximum dose distribution) by using well chamber (SI HDR 1000) and electrometer (SI CDX 2000). On the basis of the observed sweet spot, Air Kerma Strength of the source is determined. Beside this includes the conformation of step size, radioactivity of the nuclides and safety measures of the machine. A careful radiation survey has been undertaken around the brachytherapy by using well calibrated TBM-IC Mark V is a small ion chamber radiation monitor. Acceptance testing and commissioning of the HDR brachytherapy unit has been completed. Air Kerma strength in newly installed source exhibit small variation but within the limit. The step size has standard deviation 0.05 with the planned step size. The measurement of radiation level around brachytherapy shows the level is within the criteria. Nucletron MicroSelectron 192Ir HDR brachytherapy system has been implemented in our unit. The acceptance test shows that status of brachytherapy and its components are functioning well. Radiation dose which will be delivered to the cancer patients are within planned dose.Scientific World, Vol. 12, No. 12, September 2014, page 85-88
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HDR brachytherapy"

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Holm, Åsa. "Mathematical Optimization of HDR Brachytherapy." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Optimeringslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-99795.

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One out of eight deaths throughout the world is due to cancer. Developing new treatments and improving existing treatments is hence of major importance. In this thesis we have studied how mathematical optimization can be used to improve an existing treatment method: high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. HDR brachytherapy is a radiation modality used to treat tumours of for example the cervix, prostate, breasts, and skin. In HDR brachytherapy catheters are implanted into or close to the tumour volume. A radioactive source is moved through the catheters, and by adjusting where the catheters are placed, called catheter positioning, and how the source is moved through the catheters, called the dwelling time pattern, the dose distribution can be controlled. By constructing an individualized catheter positioning and dwelling time pattern, called dose plan, based on each patient's anatomy, it is possible to improve the treatment result. Mathematical optimization has during the last decade been used to aid in creating individualized dose plans. The dominating optimization model for this purpose is a linear penalty model. This model only considers the dwelling time pattern within already implanted catheters, and minimizes a weighted deviation from dose intervals prescribed by a physician. In this thesis we show that the distribution of the basic variables in the linear penalty model implies that only dwelling time patterns that have certain characteristics can be optimal. These characteristics cause troublesome inhomogeneities in the plans, and although various measures for mitigating these are already available, it is of fundamental interest to understand their cause. We have also shown that the relationship between the objective function of the linear penalty model and the measures commonly used for evaluating the quality of the dose distribution is weak. This implies that even if the model is solved to optimality there is no guarantee that the generated plan is optimal with respect to clinically relevant objectives, or even near-optimal. We have therefore constructed a new model for optimizing the dwelling time pattern. This model approximates the quality measures by the concept conditional value-at-risk, and we show that the relationship between our new model and the quality measures is strong. Furthermore, the new model generates dwelling time patterns that yield high-quality dose distributions. Combining optimization of the dwelling time pattern with optimization of the catheter positioning yields a problem for which it is rarely possible to find a proven optimal solution within a reasonable time frame. We have therefore developed a variable neighbourhood search heuristic that outperforms a state-of-the-art optimization software (CPLEX). We have also developed a tailored branch-and-bound algorithm that is better at improving the dual bound than a general branch-and-bound algorithm. This is a step towards the development of a method that can find proven optimal solutions to the combined problem within a reasonable time frame.
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Kolkman-Deurloo, Inger Karine Kirsten. "Intraoperative HDR brachytherapy: present and future." [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/8621.

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Amoush, Ahmad A. "Error Analysis of non-TLD HDR Brachytherapy Dosimetric Techniques." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307105202.

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Toye, Warren, and michelletoye@optusnet com au. "HDR Brachytherapy: Improved Methods of Implementation and Quality Assurance." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080528.091630.

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This thesis describes experimental work performed (1998-2001) during the author's involvement with the Brachytherapy group at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (PMCC), where he was employed by its Department of Physical Sciences and subsequent modeling and analytical studies. When PMCC added HDR brachytherapy to its radiation therapy practice, an existing operating suite was considered the ideal location for such procedures to be carried out. The integration of brachytherapy into the theatre environment was considered logical due to the relatively invasive nature of brachytherapy techniques and the availability of medical equipment. This thesis contains the detailed study of three key Research Questions involved in clinical aspects relating to quality assurance of an HDR brachytherapy practice. An investigative chapter is dedicated to the pursuit of each of the Research Questions. The first question asked… Is the novel approach to using modular shielding combined with time and distance constraints adequately optimized during HDR brachytherapy? In order to establish optimal clinical practices, this project evaluates the effectiveness of additional shielding added to the modular shielding system without modification of the previously determined time and distance constraints for PMCC staff, other patients, and member of the public. The DOSXYZnrc user code for the EGSnrc Monte Carlo radiation transport code has been used to model exposure pathways to strategic locations used for measurement in and around the operating theatre suite. Modeling allowed exposure pathways to various areas with the facility to be tested without the need to use real sources. The second Research Question asked… How well is dose anisotropy characterized in the near field range of the clinic's HDR 192Ir source? This study experimentally investigated the anisotropy of dose around a 192Ir HDR source in a water phantom using MOSFETs as relative dosimeters. In addition, modeling using the DOSRZnrc user code for the EGSnrc Monte Carlo radiation transport code was performed to provide a complete dose distribution consistent with the MOSFET measurements. Measurements performed for radial distances from 5 to 30 mm extend the range of measurements to 5 mm which has not been previously reported for this source construction. The third Research Question is aimed at the patient level. Is the dose delivered to in vivo dosimeters, located within critical anatomical structures near the prostate, within acceptable clinical tolerance for a large group of HDR prostate patients? An in vivo dosimetry technique employing TLDs to experimentally measure doses delivered to the urethra and rectum during HDR prostate brachytherapy was investigated. Urethral and rectal in vivo measurements for 56 patients have been performed in the initial fraction of four-fraction brachytherapy boost. In the absence of comparable in vivo data, the following local corrective action level was initially proposed: more than 50% of the prostatic urethra receiving a dose 10% beyond the urethral tolerance. The level for investigative action is considered from the analyses of dose differences between measured data and TPS calculation.
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Aldelaijan, Saad. "Reference dosimetry of HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy source using radiochromic film." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95205.

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A protocol of establishing radiochromic film based reference dosimetry for high dose rate Ir-192 brachytherapy source was assessed and described. A comparison between calibration curves created in water and Solid Water are provided. Solid Water was shown to be a viable alternative to water in establishing calibration curve for Ir-192 radiation beam. A Monte Carlo correction factor was calculated to convert the dose to water into dose to Solid Water and the experimental methods that we performed agreed with the Monte Carlo results where the ratio (DSW/DW)Ir-192 was found to be 0.9808 ± 0.14% (1σ). EBT-2 GAFCHROMIC film model was also investigated for absorption properties and found to be a less sensitive than its predecessor (EBT-1) in terms of net change of absorbance, but that did not affect the dosimetric value that this film possesses. A dose error assessment method has been described for EBT-2 film model (and is applicable to other types as well) that can establish the time error constraints on the post-irradiation scanning time that will still provide an acceptable dose error for clinical applications if the protocol employing the shorter post-irradiation scanning time is implemented in the clinic. We show that for two post-irradiation scanning times of 30 minutes and 24 hours the 1% dose error can be granted if the scanning time window is less than ± 5 minutes and ± 2 hours, respectively. Performance of EBT-2 model was also evaluated in water and it was concluded that a suggested correction protocol is necessary for immersion times that exceed 2 hours. This correction was tested with the calibration curve created from water setup and found to be effective when compared to the dose-corrected calibration curve in Solid Water.
Un protocole d'établir film radiochromique dosimétrie de référence en fonction de débit de dose élevé source Ir-192 curiethérapie été évalués et décrits. Une comparaison entre les courbes d'étalonnage créé dans l'eau et Solid WaterTM sont fournis. Solid WaterTM s'est révélée être une alternative viable à l'eau dans l'établissement de la courbe d'étalonnage pour les Ir-192 faisceau de rayonnement. Un facteur de correction de Monte Carlo a été calculé pour convertir la dose à l'eau en dose à Solid WaterTM et les méthodes expérimentales que nous avons réalisé d'accord avec les résultats de Monte Carlo où le ratio (DSW/DW)Ir-192 a été trouvé à 0.9808 ± 0.14% (1σ). EBT-2 modèle GAFCHROMICTM film a également été étudiée pour les propriétés d'absorption et jugé être un moins sensible que son prédécesseur (EBT-1) en termes de variation nette de l'absorbance, mais cela n'a pas d'incidence sur la valeur dosimétrique que ce film possède. Une méthode d'évaluation des doses d'erreur a été décrit pour le modèle EBT-2 film (et est applicable à d'autres types ainsi) qui permet d'établir les contraintes de temps d'erreur sur le post-irradiation temps de balayage, qui va encore donner une erreur de dose acceptable pour des applications cliniques, si le protocole emploie le plus court post-irradiation de numérisation temps est mis en œuvre dans la clinique. Nous montrons que pour deux post-irradiation de numérisation fois de 30 minutes et 24 heures, la dose d'erreur de 1% peut être accordée si la fenêtre de temps de balayage est inférieure à ± 5 minutes et de ± 2 heures, respectivement. Performance de la EBT-2 modèle a également été évaluée dans l'eau et il a été conclu un protocole de correction proposé est nécessaire pour que les temps d'immersion supérieure à 2 heures. Cette correction a été testé avec la courbe de calibration créée à partir d'installation de l'eau et ont été jugés effic
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Williams, Eric. "Dose Modification Factor Analysis of Multi-Lumen Brachytherapy Applicator with Monte Carlo Simulation." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1352570600.

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Shum, Tsz-hang, and 岑梓恆. "A high spatial and temporal resolutions quality assurance tool for checking the accuracy of HDR source dwell positions and times." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193526.

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In High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy, treatment dose to patients is highly dependent on the accuracy of positioning and duration of the source. Source misplacement or wrong duration of treatment could potentially result in adverse clinical side effects to patients. In order to maintain successful treatment for patients, an independent Quality Assurance (QA) verification is crucial to measure the High Dose Rate (HDR) source positioning and dwell time periodically to ensure the prescribed dose is correct and safe for brachytherapy treatment. The current QA practice used to validate the accuracy of dwell time of the source is by using a stopwatch and measure the dwell position on the source position check ruler. Nevertheless, reaction time of human poses a major concern regarding the accuracy in these manual operating procedures. In this thesis, a new QA tool is proposed to acquire accurate information about time structure and source positioning in HDR brachytherapy. The tool consists of a consumer-grade webcam, a source position check ruler, a laptop computer and a custom-made combined camera-ruler mounting tool. The camera is used to capture the motion of the moving source in real time. Each frame contains positional and temporal information that are important to determine the difference between the measured and the actual HDR source position and time structure. Finally, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application program is developed to receive the input from the camera for image processing. The measured results (time structure and positional information) are displayed on the computer screen as the output of the designed application. The tool was found to be able to reduce the time required significantly for the QA and minimize the impact of human errors. At the time of writing, the sensitivity of the system to luminous changes in the environment warrants further efforts to render the tool even more useful. Based on the experimental results, the accuracy of dwell time measured by the proposed system was ± 40 ms. The minimum detectable dwell time of the proposed system was 200 ms. The range of effective dwell position that could be measured by the system ranged from 1300 mm to 1500 mm (excluding 1300 mm and 1500 mm). The accuracy of dwell position measured by the proposed system was ± 1mm.
published_or_final_version
Diagnostic Radiology
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
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Fonseca, Gabriel Paiva. "Modelagem pelo método de Monte Carlo do paciente e das complexidades dos tratamentos braquiterápicos com alta taxa de dose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85133/tde-06012016-155103/.

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Tratamentos braquiterápicos são comumente realizados conforme o relatório da American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), Task Group report TG-43U1, o qual define o formalismo para cálculo de dose absorvida na água e não considera a composição dos materiais, densidades, dimensões do paciente e o efeito dos aplicadores. Estes efeitos podem ser significantes, conforme descrito pelo recente relatório da AAPM, Task Group report TG- 186, que define diretrizes para que sistemas de planejamento modernos, capazes de considerar as complexidades descritas acima, sejam implementados. Esta tese tem como objetivo contribuir para o aumento da exatidão dos planejamentos de tratamento braquiterápicos, seguindo as recomendações do TG-186 e indo além do mesmo. Um software foi desenvolvido para integrar planejamentos de tratamento e simulações pelo método de Monte Carlo (MC); modelos acurados, CAD-Mesh, foram utilizados para representar aplicadores braquiterápicos; Grandezas utilizadas para reportar dose absorvida, Dw,m (dose para água no meio) e Dm,m (dose para o meio no meio), foram calculadas para um tratamento de cabeça e pescoço, considerando a teoria para pequenas (SCT small cavity theory) e grandes cavidades (LCT large cavity theory); a componente da dose em razão do movimento da fonte foi avaliada para tratamentos de próstata e ginecológicos. Perfis de velocidade obtidos na literatura foram utilizados; medidas de velocidade de uma fonte braquiterapica foram realizadas com uma câmera de alta taxa de aquisição. Cálculos de dose obtidos usando MC (incluindo a composição e densidade dos tecidos, ar e o aplicador) mostram sobredoses de aproximadamente 5% dentro do volume alvo, em um tratamento ginecológico, quando comparados aos resultados obtidos com um meio homogêneo de água. Por sua vez, subdoses de aproximadamente 5% foram observadas ao considerar a composição dos tecidos e regiões com ar em um tratamento intersticial de braço. Um aplicador cilíndrico oco resultou na sobredose observada no caso ginecológico, ressaltando a necessidade de modelos acurados para representar os aplicadores. Os modelos CAD-Mesh utilizados incluem um aplicador Fletcher-Williamson, com blindagem, e um balão deformável para irradiação de mama. Os resultados obtidos com estes modelos são equivalentes aos obtidos com modelos geométricos convencionais. Este recurso pode ser conveniente para aplicadores complexos e/ou quando o projeto dos aplicadores for disponibilizado pelo fabricante. Cálculos de dose, com a composição real dos tecidos humanos, podem apresentar diferenças significativas em razão da grandeza adotada. Diferenças entre Dm,m e Dw,m (SCT ou LCT) chegam a 14% em razão da composição do osso. A metodologia adotada (SCT ou LCT) resulta em diferenças de até 28% para o osso e 36% para os dentes. A componente de dose de trânsito também pode levar a diferenças significativas, uma vez que baixas velocidades ou movimentos uniformemente acelerados foram descritos na literatura. Considerando a pior condição e sem incluir nenhuma correção no tempo de parada, a dose de trânsito pode chegar a 3% da dose prescrita para um caso ginecológico, com 4 cateteres, e até 11.1% da dose prescrita para um tratamento de próstata, com 16 cateteres. A dose de trânsito para a fonte avaliada (velocidade obtida experimentalmente) não é uniformemente distribuída e pode levar a sub ou sobredoses de até 1.4% das doses comumente prescritas (310 Gy). Os tópicos estudados são relevantes para tratamentos braquiterápicos e podem contribuir para o aumento de sua acurácia. Os efeitos estudados podem ser avaliados com o uso do software, associado a um código MC, desenvolvido.
Brachytherapy treatments are commonly performed using the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group report TG-43U1 absorbed dose to water formalism, which neglects human tissue densities, material compositions, body interfaces, body shape and dose perturbations from applicators. The significance of these effects has been described by the AAPM Task Group report TG-186 in published guidelines towards the implementation of Treatment Planning Systems (TPS) which can take into account the above mentioned complexities. This departure from the water kernel based dose calculation approach requires relevant scientific efforts in several fields. This thesis aims to improve brachytherapy treatment planning accuracy following TG-186 recommendations and going beyond it. A software has been developed to integrate clinical treatment plans with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations; high fidelity CAD-Mesh geometry was employed to improve brachytherapy applicators modelling; different dose report quantities, Dw,m (dose to water in medium) and Dm,m (dose to medium in medium), were obtained for a head and neck case using small cavity theory (SCT) and large cavity theory (LCT); the dose component due to the source moving within the patient was evaluated for gynecological and prostate clinical cases using speed profiles from the literature. Moreover, source speed measurements were performed using a high speed camera. Dose calculations using MC showed overdosing around 5% within the target volume for a gynecological case comparing results obtained including tissue, air and applicator effects against a homogeneous water phantom. On the other hand, the same comparison showed underdosing around 5% when including tissue and air composition for an interstitial arm case. A hollow cylinder applicator was responsible for the overdosing observed for the gynecological case highlighting the importance of accurate applicator modelling. The evaluated CAD-Mesh applicators models included a Fletcher- Williamson shielded applicator and a deformable balloon used for accelerated partial breast irradiation. Results obtained were equivalent to ones obtained with conventional constructive solid geometry and may be convenient for complex applicators and/or when manufacturer CAD models are available. Differences between Dm,m and Dw,m (SCT or LCT) are up to 14% for bone in a evaluated head and neck case. The approach (SCT or LCT) leads to differences up to 28% for bone and 36% for teeth. Differences can also be significant due to the source movement since some speed profiles from literature show low source speeds or uniform accelerated movements. Considering the worst case scenario and without include any dwell time correction, the transit dose can reach 3% of the prescribed dose in a gynecological case with 4 catheters and up to 11.1% when comparing the average prostate dose for a case with 16 catheters. The transit dose for a high speed (measured with a video camera) source is not uniformly distributed leading to over and underdosing, which is within 1.4% for commonly prescribed doses (310 Gy). The main subjects evaluated in this thesis are relevant for brachytherapy treatment planning and can improve treatment accuracy. Many of the issues described in here can be assessed with the software, coupled with a MC code, developed in this work.
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Hliziyo, Freedom. "Dose intercomparisons between computer planning, in-vivo and phantom measurements for Iridium-192 HDR Brachytherapy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2800.

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During gynaecological high-dose rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT), invivo dosimetry is done to monitor the dose received by the bladder and rectum. This study was aimed at validating the need to do in-vivo dosimetry during ICBT. Thirty patients were recruited to participate in the study. Treatment setup data from the thirty patients was used to reproduce applicator and in-vivo diode treatment setups in a water phantom. Radiation doses administered to the patients were replicated in the water phantom to measure the doses at marked dose reference positions.
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Macey, Nathaniel J. "Evaluation of a MapCHECK2TM Diode Array for High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Quality Assurance." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1430301747.

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Books on the topic "HDR brachytherapy"

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Brachytherapy Meeting (Remote Afterloading: State of the art) (Dearborn, Michigan, USA 1989). Brachytherapy HDR and LDR: Proceedings Brachytherapy Meeting Remote Afterloading: State of the art, 4-6 May 1989, Dearborn, Michigan, USA. Leersum: Nucletron International BV, 1990.

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Brachytherapy HDR and LDR. Nucletron, 1990.

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Hoskin, Peter, and György Kovács. Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy: LDR-PDR-HDR. Springer, 2013.

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Hoskin, Peter, and György Kovács. Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy: LDR-PDR-HDR. Springer, 2013.

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Hoskin, Peter, and György Kovács. Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy: LDR-PDR-HDR. Springer, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "HDR brachytherapy"

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Gutiérrez, Cristina, Andrea Slocker, Dina Najjari, Ignasi Modolell, Ferran Ferrer, Anna Boladeras, Jose Francisco Suárez, and Ferran Guedea. "Single-Fraction HDR Boost." In Brachytherapy, 199–206. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0490-3_14.

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Siebert, Frank-André. "HDR Planning." In Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy, 149–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36499-0_11.

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Hoskin, Peter. "HDR Technique." In Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy, 103–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36499-0_7.

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Nakano, Takashi, and Masaru Wakatsuki. "Moving on from LDR to HDR." In Brachytherapy, 37–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0490-3_4.

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Hoskin, Peter. "HDR Versus LDR Seeds." In Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy, 179–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36499-0_14.

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Kovács, György. "Patient Selection and Recommendations: HDR." In Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy, 79–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36499-0_5.

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Kovács, György. "Results of HDR Prostate Brachytherapy Treatments." In Interstitial Prostate Brachytherapy, 197–202. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36499-0_16.

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Rübe, Claudia E., Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Caspian Oliai, Yan Yu, Laura Doyle, Rene Rubin, et al. "High-Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy." In Encyclopedia of Radiation Oncology, 313. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85516-3_429.

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Mose, Stephan, Stephan Mose, Brandon J. Fisher, Iris Rusu, Charlie Ma, Lu Wang, Larry C. Daugherty, et al. "Brachytherapy: High Dose Rate (HDR) Implants." In Encyclopedia of Radiation Oncology, 46–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85516-3_143.

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Xiao, Ying, Jay E. Reiff, Timothy Holmes, Timothy Holmes, Hebert Alberto Vargas, Oguz Akin, Hedvig Hricak, et al. "Interstitial High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy." In Encyclopedia of Radiation Oncology, 385–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85516-3_317.

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Conference papers on the topic "HDR brachytherapy"

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Martı́nez-Dávalos, A. "Monte Carlo dosimetry in HDR brachytherapy." In The fourth mexican symposium on medical physics. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1328950.

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Yang, Xiaofeng, Peter Rossi, Tomi Ogunleye, Ashesh B. Jani, Walter J. Curran, and Tian Liu. "A new CT prostate segmentation for CT-based HDR brachytherapy." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Ziv R. Yaniv and David R. Holmes. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2043695.

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Reyes-Rivera, E., M. Sosa, U. Reyes, E. Monzón, José de Jesús Bernal-Alvarado, T. Córdova, and A. Gil-Villegas. "Dosimetric study of surface applicators of HDR brachytherapy GammaMed Plus equipment." In XIII MEXICAN SYMPOSIUM ON MEDICAL PHYSICS. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4901388.

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Lei, Yang, Yabo Fu, Tonghe Wang, Walter J. Curran, Tian Liu, Pretesh Patel, and Xiaofeng Yang. "Prostate dose prediction in HDR Brachytherapy using unsupervised multi-atlas fusion." In Image Processing, edited by Bennett A. Landman and Ivana Išgum. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2580979.

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Liang, Fan, Bryan Traughber, Raymond Musiz, Rodney Ellis, and Tarun K. Podder. "Reconstruction of Brachytherapy Catheters and Needles Using EM Sensor-Based Navigation System." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3536.

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Brachytherapy is one the most effective treatment modalities for both gynecological (GYN) cancer and prostate cancer. The clinical outcome of brachytherapy, both high-dose-rate (HDR) and low-dose-rate (LDR), depends on the precision of the desired or planned dose distribution and delivery. In HDR procedure, the accuracy of reconstruction of catheters or needles (e.g. Syed catheter or Simon-Heyman capsule for GYN or needles for prostate) from CT images can significantly affect the accuracy of dose distribution in the treatment (dosimetric) plan, which can result in unwanted clinical outcome. In current practice, an authorized medical physicist manually reconstructs the catheters or needles for dosimetric plan, which determines the position and dwell time for the radiation source for delivering the prescription dose to the target volume sparing organs at risk (OARs) as much as possible. It is not only challenging but also time consuming for reconstructing all the catheters or needles (ranging 15–20) manually, slice-by-slice in CT images. As shown in Fig. 1, the needles on the right (HDR catheters) have created so much artifacts in CT images that it is almost impossible to reconstruct those applicators (catheters/ needles) manually. Additionally, the reconstruction can be operator dependent and can be inaccurate and inconsistent. In this study, we have investigated the applicability of electromagnetic (EM) sensor-based navigation for fast and accurate reconstruction of HDR catheters and needles.
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Molokov, A. A., E. A. Vanina, and S. S. Tseluyko. "Advantages of high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy in treatment of prostate cancer." In PHYSICS OF CANCER: INTERDISCIPLINARY PROBLEMS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics of Cancer: Interdisciplinary Problems and Clinical Applications (PC IPCA’17). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5001629.

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Dai, Xianjin, Yang Lei, Yupei Zhang, Tonghe Wang, Walter Curran, Pretesh Patel, Tian Liu, and Xiaofeng Yang. "Deep learning-based multi-catheter reconstruction for MRI-guided HDR prostate brachytherapy." In Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling, edited by Cristian A. Linte and Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2581123.

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Batra, Ankit. "Clinical comparison of toxicity pattern of two linear quadratic model-baesd fractionation schemes of high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685255.

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Introduction: Carcinoma cervix is the fourth (GLOBACON 2012) most common cancer among women worldwide, and the main cancer affecting women in Sub-Saharan Africa, Central America and south-central Asia. In India, approx. 1,23,000 (GLOBACON 2012) new cases of carcinoma cervix are diagnosed each year. Brachytherapy is an integral part of treatment of cancer cervix. In the context of a developing country like us where maximum utilization of the resource is of prime importance to provide treatment to the large patient cohort, shortening the treatment duration and number of fractions always increases efficiency. In order to maximize the logistic benefits of HDR-BT while improving patient compliance and resource sparing, various fractionation regimens are used. Fractionation and dose adjustments of the total dose are radiobiologically important factors in lowering the incidence of complications without compromising the treatment results. Aim: To compare patient outcomes and complications using two linear-quadratic model-based fractionation schemes of high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy (HDR-IC) used to treat cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized study on 318 patients, with histologically proven advanced carcinoma cervix (stages IIB-IIIB) was enrolled in the study. All patients received External Beam Radio Therapy (EBRT) 50 Gy in 25 fractions with concurrent chemotherapy (cisplatin 35 mg/m2) followed by IntraCavitary brachytherapy using high dose rate equipment. Patients were randomised after completion of EBRT into two arms: (1) Arm 1: HDR ICRT 6.5 Gy per fraction for 3 fractions, a week apart. (2) Arm 2: HDR ICRT, 9 Gy per fraction for 2 fractions, 1 week apart. On completion of treatment, patients were assessed monthly for 3 months followed by 3 monthly thereafter. Treatment response was assessed according to WHO criteria after one month of completion of radiotherapy. The RTOG criteria were used for radiation induced toxicities. We analyzed late toxicities in terms of Rectal, Bladder, Small Bowel toxicity and Vaginal Stenosis. Results: Acute reactions in both the groups were comparable. None of the patient developed Grade 4 toxicity in our study and no toxicity related mortality was encountered. A slightly high frequency of late toxicity was observed in 9Gy Arm patients but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In our setup, HDR brachytherapy at 9 Gy per fraction in two fractions is safe, effective and resource saving method with good local control, survival, and manageable normal tissue toxicity.
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Jreije, Mima Samir, Zeina Al Kattar El Balaa, Hanna El Balaa, Jamal Charara, Wael Abdallah, Mirvana Hilal, Jean-Noel Foulquier, and Emmanuel Touboul. "HDR brachytherapy, risk analysis and dose evaluation for operators in case of source blockage." In 2017 Fourth International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering (ICABME). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icabme.2017.8167523.

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"Brachyview: An in-body imaging system for real-time QA in HDR prostate brachytherapy." In 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2013.6829797.

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Reports on the topic "HDR brachytherapy"

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Davda, Reena, and Amani Chowdhury. HDR brachytherapy for prostate cancer. BJUI Knowledge, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18591/bjuik.0686.

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