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Journal articles on the topic "Hazardous substances South Australia"
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Enya, Andrew, Shane Dempsey, and Manikam Pillay. "A Study Investigating How the Characteristics of High Reliability Organisations Can Be Measured in the Construction Industry in Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 9, 2020): 8273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218273.
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Construction activities involve a lot of risk as workers are exposed to a wide range of job hazards, such as working at height, moving vehicles, toxic substances, and confined spaces. The hazards related to a construction project are mostly unpredictable because construction projects move quickly due to project deadlines, and changing work environments. As a result of this, the industry accounts for one of the highest numbers of work-related claims, and the fourth highest incidence rate of serious claims in Australia. This research investigates how key safety management factors can measure the characteristics of high reliability organisations (HROs) in the construction industry in New South Wales Australia. To address the problem, a model is presented that can predict characteristics of HRO in construction (CHC). Using structural equation modeling (SEM), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the model and measurement instruments are tested and validated from data collected from construction workers. The results identified the factors that effectively measure CHC, and the findings can also be used as a safety management strategy and will contribute to the body of knowledge in research.
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Collins, Bronwyn, Frank Zich, Jo Palmer, Gill Brown, Karina Knight, Ines Schönberger, Shelley James, and Emma Toms. "Containing the Spirits: Lessons learned from the Management of Australasian Herbarium Wet Collections." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26200.
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Several herbaria in Australia and New Zealand have recently been required to implement changes to the way in which spirit (alcohol or wet) specimens are managed in their institutions in order to deal with various curatorial and staff health and safety challenges. We will present an overview of some of the key lessons learned from addressing issues such as mould, FAA (formalin-acetic acid and alcohol solution), inadequate housing and storage of our spirit specimens whilst also ensuring that best-practice curation standards are implemented along with appropriate work health and safety practices to protect staff. For example, the National Herbarium of New South Wales spirit collection was stored until 2017 in metal filing cabinets and open wooden shelving. Due to unstable air-conditioning resulting in high humidity and condensation, mould had formed on all of the bottles and on all wooden surfaces. The external surface of each bottle was cleaned with prior to removal from the dedicated spirit collection room, the wooden shelving was replaced with open metal shelving, and room cleaned and resealed prior to return of the collection. Monitoring of the environment and condition of the collection continues, and future actions include replacing the specimen vials, many of which have failing lids. The Western Australian Herbarium recently renovated its spirit storage area from specimens stored in boxes on fixed open shelving to individual bottles filed in metal drawers. Health and safety concerns for staff handling heavy boxes, often up ladders, combined with the inflexible and inefficient use of space on fixed shelving are now solved. Plenty of space is available for specimen expansion, and the ease of access to each specimen makes the collection simple to maintain. The next step for the collection is to protect it better by implementing climate control. FAA was used as a fixative and preservative for plant fruit, flowers and other parts pre-1992 at the Australian National Herbarium in Canberra and the Australian Tropical Herbarium in Cairns. In response to changes in the Hazardous Substance classification for Formaldehyde a program was developed that focused on worker safety during replacement of the solution in approximately 15,000 bottles by minimising exposure and managing the manual handling risks of the work, whilst also ensuring best-practice curatorial outcomes for the specimens. This is a presentation on behalf of the Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections (MAHC), a network of herbarium Collection Managers in Australia and New Zealand.
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Moon, Hyung-Il, Sang-Woo Han, Saemi Shin, and Sang-Hoon Byeon. "Comparison of the Qualitative and the Quantitative Risk Assessment of Hazardous Substances Requiring Management under the Occupational Safety and Health Act in South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031354.
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The risk assessment of hazardous substances has become increasingly important for the efficient prevention and management of various diseases or accidents caused by increased amounts of hazardous substances in the workplace. In this study, risk assessment was conducted for 36 kinds of hazardous substances requiring management by using qualitative and quantitative risk assessments. Qualitative risk assessment was performed by multiplying the exposure level class by the hazard class according to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency’s (KOSHA) Chemical Hazard Risk Management (CHARM). The quantitative risk assessment was followed by a four-step risk assessment system presented in the Guidelines for Hazard Risk Assessment of Chemicals (KOSHA GUIDE W-6-2016). In the quantitative assessments, we presented a new method of classifying risk levels into four steps, much like qualitative assessments. In this study, the quantitative risk assessment was considered difficult to predict through qualitative risk assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a quantitative risk assessment after a qualitative risk assessment for a higher level of risk assessment.
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Morrish, Bronwyn, and Eric Wenger. "The Australian Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Data Centre." Microbiology Australia 29, no. 2 (2008): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma08070.
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How well can Australia prevent and respond to an act of bioterrorism and how much do researchers in the life sciences know about the potential application of their work for hostile purposes? To further address these and other issues relating to the malicious use of hazardous substances, the Australian government has established the Australian Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Data Centre.
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Cawte, John. "Psychoactive Substances of the South Seas: Betel, Kava and Pituri." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 19, no. 1 (March 1985): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678509158818.
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Before white man brought his alcohol to the South Pacific, the indigenes were using many wild plants possessing psychoactive properties. The most prominent were betel in much of Melanesia, kava in much of Polynesia, and pituri in much of Australia. The use of each of these three drugs was widespread, institutionalised as a ritual and the occasion for extensive trade. Each was valued for its effect in reducing tension or in producing altered states of consciousness. Each was also capable of inducing intoxication. Since few physicians nowadays have had my opportunity to observe the use of all three of these substances, their main features are recalled here. Attention is paid to their traditional use and probable future use, to their pharmacological and clinical properties, and to their place in the zeitgeist of people and period. There is no indication that these substances will be espoused by the drug enthusiasts of the West as avidly as other ethno-psychopharmacological agents such as Peruvian coca leaf, the Indian hemp, the Asian poppy, or the American tobacco. The possibility, however, of some use in the West cannot be discounted.
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Field, Courtney. "Hazardous alcohol consumption in non-aboriginal male inmates in New South Wales." International Journal of Prisoner Health 14, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-11-2016-0068.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine correlates and predictors of hazardous drinking behaviour, that may be considered evidence of generalised strain, in a sample of incarcerated non-Aboriginal males in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 283 non-Aboriginal male inmates as part of a larger epidemiological survey of inmates in NSW undertaken in 2015 by the Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network. Data relating to a range of social factors were selected with reference to relevant literature and assessed with regards their predictive value for scores from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). To facilitate regression analysis, variables were logically organised into historical factors or adult factors. Findings Almost all participants reported some history of alcohol consumption. Hazardous drinking was common among participants. While parental alcohol problems and adult drug use were the only correlates of AUDIT scores, parental misuse of alcohol was shown to be an important predictor of AUDIT scores in regression analysis. The role of parent gender was inconclusive. Previous incarceration as an adult, employment status, and drug use as an adult also predicted AUDIT scores. Originality/value Alcohol abuse is common among inmates and the use of alcohol is implicated in the commission of many offences. A better understanding of its genesis may inspire novel approaches to treatment, leading to improved health outcomes for inmates.
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Cho, Hyungmin, Gibyung Park, Jewan Ryu, and Heekyung Park. "Decision-making process for places of refuge in hazardous and noxious substances incident: Case study of South Korea." Marine Policy 108 (October 2019): 103643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103643.
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Bade, Richard, Peter Stockham, Ben Painter, Alberto Celma, Lubertus Bijlsma, Felix Hernandez, Jason M. White, and Cobus Gerber. "Investigating the appearance of new psychoactive substances in South Australia using wastewater and forensic data." Drug Testing and Analysis 11, no. 2 (September 12, 2018): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.2484.
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Bedka, Kristopher M., John T. Allen, Heinz Jurgen Punge, Michael Kunz, and Denis Simanovic. "A Long-Term Overshooting Convective Cloud-Top Detection Database over Australia Derived from MTSAT Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager Observations." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 57, no. 4 (April 2018): 937–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0056.1.
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ABSTRACTA 10-yr geostationary (GEO) overshooting cloud-top (OT) detection database using Multifunction Transport Satellite (MTSAT) Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) observations has been developed over the Australian region. GEO satellite imagers collect spatially and temporally detailed observations of deep convection, providing insight into the development and evolution of hazardous storms, particularly where surface observations of hazardous storms and deep convection are sparse and ground-based radar or lightning sensor networks are limited. Hazardous storms often produce one or more OTs that indicate the location of strong updrafts where weather hazards are typically concentrated, which can cause substantial impacts on the ground such as hail, damaging winds, tornadoes, and lightning and to aviation such as turbulence and in-flight icing. The 10-yr OT database produced using an automated OT detection algorithm is demonstrated for analysis of storm frequency, diurnally, spatially, and seasonally relative to known features such as the Australian monsoon, expected regions of hazardous storms along the southeastern coastal regions of southern Queensland and New South Wales, and the preferential extratropical cyclone track along the Indian Ocean and southern Australian coast. A filter based on atmospheric instability, deep-layer wind shear, and freezing level was used to identify OTs that could have produced hail. The filtered OT database is used to generate a hail frequency estimate that identifies a region extending from north of Brisbane to Sydney and the Goldfields–Esperance region of eastern Western Australia as the most hail-prone regions.
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Makhubele, J. C. "Hazardous substances in homemade alcohol in rural areas of Limpopo province, Republic of South Africa: a public health concern." Studies on Ethno-Medicine 11, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09735070.2017.1311700.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Hazardous substances South Australia"
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Akhter, Shahana. "Strategies for managing hazardous substances from industry in South Australia." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09enva315.pdf.
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Van, Heerden Gert. "The incorporation of the Hazardous and Noxious Substances Convention in South African law / by G. van Heerden." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/962.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this dissertation is to determine whether the current
South African legal framework is conducive for the implementation of the
International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in
Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by
Sea of 1996. This dissertation examines the role of international law, and
specifically the role of international environmental law, in the South
African legal framework. The content of the Convention itself is
examined, as well as various South African acts and regulations dealing
with incidents regarding hazardous and noxious substances. The South
African legal framework regarding HNS is fragmented, requiring the legal
advisor to consult various documents in order to determine the legal
standpoint. These acts and regulations contradict each other and do not
promote legal certainty. Thus the current legal framework is not
conducive for the implementation of the Convention.Thesis (LL.M. (Import and Export Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Viljoen, Liandi. "Comparison of South African occupational exposure limits for hazardous chemical substances with those of other countries / Liandi Viljoen." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8640.
Full textAbstract:
Various hazardous chemical substances are used daily as part of manufacturing and
processing. Exposure to these hazardous chemical substances (HCSs) can cause
adverse health effects in the exposed workers. Occupational exposure limits (OELs)
are used to control exposure to these HCSs and thereby protect workers from the
adverse effects that exposure may induce.
The aim of this study was to compare South African list of OELs as contained in the
Hazardous Chemical Substance Regulations (HCSR) to several developed and
developing countries based on two aspects: (1) the number of substances that are
selected and regulated by the lists of each country (2) and the overall level of the
OELs set by the different countries and jurisdictions. Due to the nature and the large
amount of data the study is divided into two parts. The first part is a comparison of
South African OELs with nine developed countries and jurisdictions along with the
Mine Health and Safety Act Regulation 22.9 (MHSR) of South Africa. The second
comparison was conducted between South African and the four developing BRICS
countries. BRICS is an acronym for: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa,
all are leading developing countries. Substance selection and coverage was
compared by analysing the number of overlapping and uniquely regulated OELs that
existed between countries. The over-all level of OELs was determined and
quantified by using the statistical method, the geometric means of ratios. These
ratios were compared in order to establish how the levels of OELs of the South
African HCSR compare with the level of the various other countries.
Results indicated that there are large and unsystematic differences between the
selection of HCSs that are regulated by different countries and jurisdictions.
Individual coverage and selection of HCSs between the various developing and
developed countries and jurisdictions in the study was inconsistent and dissimilar. A
high number of HCSs are regulated by only one of the various countries included in
this study. Among the developed countries 20.8% of substances are uniquely
regulated, whereas 46% of HCSs are regulated by only one of the various
developing countries. According to the geometric means of ratios Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the only jurisdiction in a developed
country that has a higher overall level of OELs when compared to South Africa as for
the rest of the developed countries they all yielded a lower overall level of OELs.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygiene (ACGIH) had the lowest
overall level of OELs.
When compared with the BRICS countries South Africa had a higher overall level of
OELs. The average overall level of OELs differs substantially between the BRICS
countries; Russia having the lowest, and Brazil having the highest overall limit when
compared relative to South African HCSR. Strong similarities were found between
South African HCSR and MHSR indicating national similarity. The South African
OELs for HCSs have an overall higher level than the majority of developed and
developing countries. Various factors may be responsible for these differences
among countries and jurisdictions. These factors include, variations in scientific
reasoning, the risk acceptance of the negative impact that various HCSs might
induce and the time lags that countries have between updates. Further differences
may be explained by the difference in consideration of socio-economical and
practical feasibility of an OEL and the predominant industries in a country.Thesis (MSc (Occupational Hygiene))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Degher, Alexandra B. "Effects of an industrial fire on a community of south Phoenix, Arizona." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30745.
Full textAbstract:
On August 31, 1992, Quality Printing Circuits, a circuit board manufacturing plant in
Phoenix, Arizona, burned to the ground. The fire lasted approximately eight hours, creating a thick,
black smoke that blew into the surrounding community. Emergency evacuation was erratic and
since no air samples were taken during the fire, community exposure levels were unknown.
Immediately afterwards, residents reported health problems but government studies on the
community were unable to link reported health problems and the fire.
Eight months after the fire, a local advocacy group performed a health study on the
community. The 690 people surveyed reported symptoms such as asthma, blurred vision, vomiting,
hair loss, rashes, and extremity numbness. The survey was never analyzed and the case was closed.
Community members continued to report health problems and five years after the fire, the US
Environmental Protection Agency reopened the case. They performed two sampling studies but
results found that chemical levels were below allowable exposure levels.
This thesis contains three chapters that investigate the political, health, and scientific issues
related to the QPC fire. The scientific chapter uses the EPA's ISCST3 dispersion model and a
mixed-box model, to approximate community exposure concentrations and compare them to
allowable human exposure levels. Results of the ISCST3 model show that four (hydrogen chloride,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Acrolein, and naphthalene) of the twenty chemicals modeled
were above government allowable concentrations. Inhalation exposure to these chemicals causes
similar symptoms as those reported by residents.
The health-focused chapter characterized health symptoms reported in the 1993 health
survey. Results found that symptoms experienced by residents were similar to those documented in
other studies of exposure to chemical smoke. The study also found that residents living closest to
QPC reported a greater number of symptoms than residents living further away.
The political chapter analyzed the debate as to whether QPC officials and government
agencies took the steps needed to protect the exposed community during and after the QPC fire.
What became evident was that a significant conflict existed between the interests of residents
involved in the QPC fire and the government agencies responsible for protecting them.Graduation date: 2004
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Govan, Bhavesh Raman. "Risks of transporting dangerous goods : South Durban case study." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3075.
Full textAbstract:
Industry both consumes and creates an abundance of dangerous goods, which must be transported from producers to end-users. This creates opportunities for incidents, including traffic accidents, which could release poisonous, corrosive, flammable or carcinogenic substances into the environment. Releases of dangerous goods at a location may pose a significant threat to the health of the neighbouring population. The Durban South Basin, with its hazardous mix of heavy industrial, employment and residential areas, was chosen as the case study for research into the risks associated with the transportation of dangerous goods. High levels of traffic flow occur in this region and significant volumes of dangerous goods are transported on the roads within the basin. The objectives of this investigation were to: develop a methodology that may be applied to estimate the likelihood and consequences of releases of dangerous goods due to road accidents; and to evaluate the usefulness of this methodology by applying it to estimate the risks posed to the people residing in, working in and travelling through the Durban South Basin. The literature pertaining to risk assessment of dangerous goods transport was examined. A review was undertaken of the current state of the art and the theory and methodology used by previous researchers. As intersections provide greater opportunities for vehicles to be involved in accidents, traffic surveys were conducted at selected intersections within the Durban South Basin in order to obtain an indication of the flow of dangerous goods vehicles and the types of dangerous goods being transported through these locations. Two approaches were utilised to estimate the likelihood of dangerous goods accidents and releases at intersections: a deterministic model and an innovative method based on Monte Carlo simulation. Dispersion modelling and geographic information systems were integrated to estimate the impacts of accidental releases of dangerous goods at intersections. Queuing analysis was combined with dispersion modelling to estimate the risks posed to road users from dangerous goods releases. The investigation verified that dangerous goods transportation risk assessment could be performed even when there are substantial data uncertainties. Furthermore, in comparison to the deterministic approach typically used in transportation studies, Monte Carlo simulation facilitates a deeper understanding of the nature and distribution of dangerous goods accident risk. The results suggest that although dangerous goods accidents and releases are infrequent, the potential exists for very serious incidents involving large numbers of injuries.Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2005.
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Carey, Graham Neil. "The determination of a database with respect to the transportation of hazardous materials by road in the PWV area." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22084.
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A project report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering. Johannesburg, 1992.The formulation of effective safety measures to counteract the potential for disaster presented by the transportation of hazardous materials requires that reliable data is available as to the nature and extent of such traffic. Such data is currently unavailable and a roadside interview survey was conducted in the PWV area in order to ascertain the quantities and type of material being transported locally. the routes used, the types of vehicles and containers involved, and compliance with existing regulations. It was found that of the 1068 Vehicles surveyed carrying hazardous material, only 22% fully complied with existing legislation. A risk assessment model for use by both operators and authorities is then developed, in which the survey data is input to determine the least risk route between Johannesburg and Sasolburg.
AC2017
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Viljoen, Jason Peter. "Comparing South African occupational exposure limits for pesticides, metals, dusts and fibres with those of developed countries / Jason Peter Viljoen." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15759.
Full textAbstract:
The ever-changing industrial processes which are becoming more globalised as well as the merging of markets in different economies, led to an increased focus on the health and safety of workers in the industries and the mining sector over the past decades. Occupational exposure limits (OELs) have been used for more than half a century as a risk management tool for the prevention of work-related illnesses which may arise from the exposure to a wide variety of hazardous chemical substances in the working environment. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse comparatively occupational exposure limits (OELs) of hazardous chemical substances from selected groups contained in the Hazardous Chemical Substance Regulations (HCSR) and the Mine Health and Safety Regulations (MHSR) with those of selected developed countries and organisations. Method: The two lists of OELs from South Africa – HCSR and MHSR – were compared with 11 different developed countries and/or organisations namely: Canada (British Colombia), United Kingdom (Health and Safety Executive, HSE), Australia (National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, NOHSC), New Zealand (Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment), Japan (Japan Society for Occupational Health, JSOH), Finland (Ministry of Social Affairs and Health), Germany (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-DFG), Sweden (Swedish Work Environment Authority) and United States of America (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, ACGIH, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH). The selection of these countries and organisations was done on the basis of their dominance in the literature as well as the availability of the lists containing OELs. The OELs from each country and/or organisation, depending on the nature and characteristics of the said element and/or compound, were categorised into one of four groups, namely: pesticides, metals, dusts and fibres. The geometric means of each country and/or organisation were calculated from the ratios of each list by using the HCSR and MHSR as the denominator respectively. Results: It became evident that South Africa performed poorly when compared to other countries and/or organisations, indicated in this study. OSHA overall had the highest set OELs, in five out of the six comparisons that could be made, thus being less stringent than South Africa’s. Countries and organisations such as Sweden, Japan and Finland have the lowest
overall set OELs for the different groups respectively. Conclusion: South African OELs legislated by both the HCSR and MHSR, are overall higher (less stringent) when compared to those of developed countries and/or organisations. The less stringent nature of South African OELs may be attributed to infrequent rate at which they are updated. The failure to incorporate recent scientific knowledge into OELs may impact on the health of workers. South Africa should follow international best practice and increase the frequency at which OELs are updated. Recommendations: The effectiveness of having two sets of OELs within a country; each applicable to its own industry should be investigated. Attention with regards to the groups lacking attention, i.e. fibres and pesticides should be given priority when revised. Although the other groups should not be disregarded. Duplicate OELs identified in the HCSR should be removed. To prevent duplicate OELs from being established it would be prudent to utilise CAS numbers when referring to substances in addition to their common and chemical names, thus this supports the recommendations made in an earlier study.MSc (Occupational Hygiene), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Olaniyi, Foluke Comfort. "Development of Intervention Strategies for Management of Medical Waste in Vhembe District, South Africa." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1515.
Full textAbstract:
PhD (Public Health)Department of Public Health
Medical waste is a special type of hazardous waste generated from healthcare facilities. Mismanagement of this waste has a negative impact on healthcare workers, patients and their relatives, medical waste handlers and the community. South Africa, like many other developing countries, is resource-constrained in the management of medical waste and poor practices have been reported across the country, especially in the urban health facilities that have received more attention from researchers. This study was conducted to explore the practices and challenges of medical waste management in Vhembe District, a largely rural district in Limpopo province and develop intervention strategies for better management of the waste in the District. A convergent parallel approach of mixed method design was adopted to achieve the objectives of this study. The target population included the main stakeholders of medical waste management in the district: the Department of Health, healthcare facilities and the waste management company responsible for the treatment and disposal of medical waste in Limpopo Province. The study population from the Department of Health included representatives from the medical waste management section while the waste management company was represented by the manager of the company in Limpopo Province. The samples for the healthcare facilities were drawn from fifteen randomly selected healthcare facilities in the district and included the administrative heads, medical waste generators and medical waste handlers. The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 was a qualitative study during which the administrative heads of the selected healthcare facilities, personnel directly involved in medical waste management at the healthcare facilities as well as the representatives from the Department of Health and waste management company were engaged in in-depth interviews. This phase also involved voice recording, observations, field documentation and taking of relevant pictures. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. During phase 2 (quantitative study), a semi-structured questionnaire was employed for data collection from medical waste generators and handlers at the healthcare facilities. A total of 229 questionnaires were retrieved from the participants and were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed; Chi-square and Cramer’s V tests were used to determine the associations between dependent and independent variables, as well as the strength of association where significant relationships exist. Statistical significant level was set at p<0.05 and the results are presented in tables and graphs. The results from both phases were interpreted and discussed simultaneously. Respondents and participants were assured of anonymity of their identities and confidentiality of the information they provided. They were given adequate information about the study and only those who volunteered participated in the study after appending their signatures on the informed consent form. In phase 3, the Medical Research Council Framework was used to develop intervention strategies for improved medical waste management in Vhembe District based on the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat (SWOT) and Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL) analysis techniques. The study revealed inefficient practices of medical waste management in all the healthcare facilities. Rate of medical waste generation was 338.15kg/day, 19.2kg/day and 15.5kg/day of HCRW from the hospitals, community health centers and clinics respectively. Segregation practices were poor, and only 28.4% of respondents rated their healthcare institutions as being excellent with medical waste segregation. The type of occupation was found to be significantly associated with exposure to training (p=0.000) and the level of knowledge about medical waste management (p=0.000). Also, the use of personal protective equipment was found to be significantly associated with training (p=0.011). Transportation and temporary storage were not done according to the recommendation in the guidelines and incineration was the main means of treatment of the waste. The final product of waste treatment is being disposed into an hazardous waste landfill. The challenges encountered in the process of managing medical waste include lack of adequate funding and budget for medical waste management, ineffective and irregular training of healthcare workers, non-compliance to medical waste management guidelines, insufficient bins, substandard central storage rooms, insufficient personal protective equipment and unavailability of Hepatitis B vaccine. The strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of medical waste management in Vhembe District were analyzed and specific intervention strategies were developed to improve on the strength, minimize the weakness, take advantage of the opportunity and combat the threats. The developed strategies were validated. This study provides the evidences of poor management of medical waste in Vhembe District, and shows the need for urgent intervention measures to be put in place. We therefore recommend that the intervention strategies proposed here be evaluated and implemented to mitigate the untoward effects of poor medical waste management among healthcare workers and the community as a whole.
NRF
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Mavhunga, Khuthalo. "Knowledge, attitude and practice of coal mineworkers pertaining to Occupational Health and Safety at the Leeuwpan Mine in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1183.
Full textAbstract:
MPHDepartment of Public of Health
The occupational health and safety of coal mine workers is one of the major occupational challenges in the mining industry. Coal mine workers face the looming perils of potential falls of volatile rocks, the ergonomic challenges caused by bending and lifting heavy objects in their daily work, the challenges caused by inhaling coal mine dust which can cause coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) and a plethora of other hazards in both underground and open cast mines on a daily basis. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of coal mineworkers pertaining to occupational health and safety at the Leeuwpan mine in Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The study adopted a quantitative, cross sectional descriptive design. Self-reported questionnaires with closed-ended questions were administered to the eligible participants. The study targeted the 3200 coal mineworkers who were employed at the Leeuwpan mine in Lephalale. A sample of 356 mineworkers was used as derived from Slovin’s formula and data was collected over a period of 5 days at the Leeuwpan mine. Measures to ensure validity and reliability were ensured and ethical considerations were observed. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 was used to analyse the data. Results and recommendations are based on the findings of the study.
NRF
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Mittermeyer, Ann M. "Maquiladoras corporate America moves south of the U.S.-Mexican border : encouraged by lax environmental enforcement and the prospect of a NAFTA that fails to integrate internationally binding health, safety and environmental safeguards with GATT principles of free trade /." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39089116.html.
Full textBooks on the topic "Hazardous substances South Australia"
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Crawford, Brian. Australian and New South Wales regulation and control of hazardous materials. 2nd ed. Cronulla [N.S.W.]: B. Crawford, 1992.
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Vroblesky, Don A. Hydrogeology and ground-water quality near a hazardous-waste landfill near Pinewood, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.
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Vroblesky, Don A. Hydrogeology and ground-water quality near a hazardous-waste landfill near Pinewood, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.
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Vroblesky, Don A. Hydrogeology and ground-water quality near a hazardous-waste landfill near Pinewood, South Carolina. Columbia, S.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.
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HMC-South, '91 Conference (1991 Houston Texas). Proceedings of HMC-South '91 Conference and exhibition, April 24-26, 1991, George R. Brown Convention Center, Houston, Texas. Greenbelt, Md: Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, 1991.
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Australia and New Zealand Conference on Environmental Geotechnics (2nd 2001 Newcastle, N.S.W.). Environmental geotechnics: Proceedings of the 2nd Australia and New Zealand Conference on Environmental Geotechnics-GeoEnvironment 2001, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia 28-30 November 2001. [Newcastle, N.S.W.]: Australian Geomechanics Society (Newcastle Chapter), 2001.
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United States. National Transportation Safety Board. Railroad accident report: Derailment of Seaboard System Railroad train no. F-690 with hazardous material release, Jackson, South Carolina, February 23, 1985 and collision of Seaboard System Railroad train no. F-481 with standing cars, Robbins, South Carolina, February 25, 1985. Washington, D.C: The Board, 1985.
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United States. National Transportation Safety Board. Railroad accident report: Derailment of Seaboard System Railroad train no. F-690 with hazardous material release, Jackson, South Carolina, February 23, 1985 and collision of Seaboard System Railroad train no. F-481 with standing cars, Robbins, South Carolina, February 25, 1985. Washington, D.C: The Board, 1985.
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United States. National Transportation Safety Board. Railroad accident report: Head-on collision of Chicago, Shore and South Bend railroad trains nos. 123 and 218, Gary, Indiana, January 21, 1985. Washington, D.C: The Board, 1985.
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United States. National Transportation Safety Board. Railroad accident report: Head-on collision of Chicago, Shore and South Bend railroad trains nos. 123 and 218, Gary, Indiana, January 21, 1985. Washington, D.C: The Board, 1985.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Hazardous substances South Australia"
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Whitaker, Wade, Chris Bergren, and Mary Flora. "Utilizing the Right Mix of Environmental Cleanup Technologies." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7369.
Full textAbstract:
The Savannah River Site (SRS) Figure 1 is a 310-square-mile United States Department of Energy nuclear facility located along the Savannah River near Aiken, South Carolina. During operations, which started in 1951, hazardous substances (chemicals and radionuclides) were released to the environment. The releases occurred as a result of inadvertent spills and waste disposal in unlined pits and basins which was common practice before environmental regulations existed. The hazardous substances have migrated to the vadose zone and groundwater in many areas of the SRS, resulting in 515 waste units that are required by environmental regulations, to undergo characterization and, if needed, remediation. In the initial years of the SRS environmental cleanup program (early 1990s), the focus was to use common technologies (such as pump and treat, air stripping, excavation and removal) that actively and tangibly removed contamination. Exclusive use of these technologies required continued and significant funding while often failing to meet acceptable clean-up goals and objectives. Recognizing that a more cost-effective approach was needed, SRS implemented new and complementary remediation methods focused on active and passive technologies targeted to solve specific remediation problems. Today, SRS uses technologies such as chemical / pH-adjusting injection, phytoremediation, underground cutoff walls, dynamic underground stripping, soil fracturing, microbial degradation, baroballs, electrical resistance heating, soil vapor extraction, and microblowers to more effectively treat contamination at lower costs. Additionally, SRS’s remediation approach cost effectively maximizes cleanup as SRS works proactively with multiple regulatory agencies. Using GIS, video, animation, and graphics, SRS is able to provide an accurate depiction of the evolution of SRS groundwater and vadose zone cleanup activities to convince stakeholders and regulators of the effectiveness of various cleanup technologies. Remediating large, complex groundwater plumes using state of-the art technologies and approaches is a hallmark of years of experience and progress. Environmental restoration at SRS continues to be a challenging and dynamic process as new cleanup technologies and approaches are adopted.
Reports on the topic "Hazardous substances South Australia"
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Johanna, Jacobi, Kiteme Boniface, and Ottiger Fabian. Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs) in Agro-industrial and Smallholder Farming Systems in Kenya. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_r4d.2020.3.en.
Full textAbstract:
Farms in the global South show heavy use of pesticides such as herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. Some of these substances are banned in Switzerland and the European Union but are often produced and exported from there. Our messages draw on research findings from Kenya. They make the link to international conventions, highlight alternatives to pesticide-intensive agricultural practices, and call for phasing out “highly hazardous” substances in line with human rights and the precautionary principle.