Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hautes températures – Oxydation'
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Merceron, Gaëtan. "Comportement mécanique et oxydation d'alliages FeCrAl à haute température." ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1022.
Full textPanicaud, Benoît. "Contraintes "de croissance" et cinétiques d'oxydation dans des couches d'oxydes thermiques de fer et de nickel : étude in-situ par diffraction des rayons X et modélisation." La Rochelle, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LAROS121.
Full textA metal oxidation leads to a specific strain link to the oxide growth. This growth strain is supposed to be proportional to the oxide layer thickness. We study the " growth " stresses in some metals : nickel, untreated iron and phosphated iron. The first two materials oxidation is parabolic. On the other hand, the phosphated iron oxidation shows several features : phases inversion in the oxide layer, kinetic transition. Complementary analyses led by X – Rays Diffraction showed that the layer of phosphate seemed to play the role of a diffusion barrier. The stability of the phosphate layer during the oxidation and the oxide layers morphology confirmed that the kinetic accident has a mechanical origin. The measure of the stresses in the oxides has been achieved by XRD, with Synchrotron Radiation. In the first time, the stresses modelling in thermal oxides on metals allowed us to reproduce experimental results. Finally, we develop an identification method of the system parameters
Bouhanek, Karima. "Oxydation à haute température de superalliages monocristallins." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT016G.
Full textHamacha, Rachida. "Contribution à l'étude des dépots plasma : post-traitements CIC, nature du stabilisant de la zircone." Limoges, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIMO0012.
Full textPenas, Olivia. "Etude des composites SiC/SiBC à matrice multiséquencée en fatigue cyclique à hautes températures sous air." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0086/these.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study composite behaviour observed during cyclic fatigue under air at high temperatures, in order to understand damage accumulation resulting from mechanical fatigue and oxidation, and then to evaluate fatigue lifetime. Principle of the multilayered matrix is to consume part of the incoming oxygen and to prevent access of residual oxygen to carbon interphase through microcracks, by forming sealant glasses. Cyclic fatigue tests performed in air from 25°C to 1200°C showed that oxidation during fatigue was low, compared to composites without neither seal-coat nor cycling loading. At “low” temperatures, fracture surface present short fibre pullout. Fatigue occurs at longitudinal bundle/inter-bundle matrix interface. Lifetimes are long. Whereas at “high” temperatures, lifetimes decrease, debonding occurs at the interface between fibre and matrix, and individual fibre pullout phenomenon is much more important. Damage mechanisms are linked to slow crack growth, creep and oxidation, whose interaction make the interpretation difficult
Desserrey, Franck. "Comportement mécano-chimique du nickel vis à vis de l'oxygène à haute température : aspects expérimentaux et prévisionnels." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS057.
Full textBuscail, Henri. "Etude de la corrosion du manganèse et d'alliages Fe-Mn ou Fe-Mn-Al dans des atmosphères oxydantes à hautes températures." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS024.
Full textPeraldi, Raphaëlle. "Relations entre cinétiques de croissance des couches d'oxyde et leurs microstructures lors de l'oxydation à haute température du nickel de haute pureté." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7247/1/peraldi1.pdf.
Full textDebrus, Lucien. "Influence d'une contrainte sur la tenue en oxydation-corrosion d'un superalliage IN100 revêtu." Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2341.
Full textBoucher, Vincent. "Etude du vieillissement de matériaux hautes températures pour machines tournantes et définition de méthodes d'essais accélérées." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00585496.
Full textGauthier-Brunet, Véronique. "Elaboration et réactivité à hautes températures du composé intermétallique NbAI3 : influence du mode de préparation sur le processus d'oxydation." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS083.
Full textVanhove, Guillaume. "Oxydation, co-oxydation et auto-inflammation à basses températures d'alcènes et aromatiques types : étude expérimentale des interactions au sein d'un carburant-modèle." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-213-214.pdf.
Full textUne étude comparative détaillée de la réactivité de trois isomères de position: les 1-, 2-, et 3-hexènes a été réalisée entre 600 et 900 K, 5 et 25 bar. Des chemins réactionnels spécifiques de la double liaison sont mis en jeu, et les trois h'exènes présentent chacun un poids différents des réactivités'de la chaîne alkyle et de la double liaison. Dans les mêmes conditions de température et de pression, les aromatiques et les alcènes sont moins réactifs que les alcanes, mais on a montré qu'ils sont susceptibles d'être oxydés plus rapidement lorsqu'ils se trouvent mélangés à un alcane. Trois mélanges binaires ont été étudiés: Un mélange toluène/iso-octane, un mélange 1-hexène/iso-octane, et un mélange 1-hexène/toluène. A partir de la mesure des délais d'autoinflammation et des produits d'oxydation intermédiaires des deux composés impliqués dans les mélanges, il est apparu que deux types d'interactions existent entre les mécanismes d'oxydation, soit par le pool de petits radicaux créé par le composé le plus réactif, soit par la recombinaison de radicaux hydrocarbonés originaires des deux partenaires. Les données collectées dans le cas des hydrocarbures purs ou en mélange binaire ont été utilisées afin d'interpréter les résultats obtenus avec un carburant-modèle représentatif de la composition des carburants commerciaux pour moteur à allumage commandé et composé d'iso-octane, de 1-hexène et de toluène
Kepa, Thomas. "Synthèse de revêtements d’aluminures modifiés sur superalliages à base nickel et comportement aux hautes températures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS010.
Full textAluminide-based coatings (β-NiAl) are well known to impart better corrosion and/or oxidation resistance to metallic materials used at very high temperatures especially on nickel-based superalloys. Alternatives to gaseous processes (SVPA, for example) are being investigated to save time and reduce costs. In this sense, the synthesis of diffusion coatings of the β-NiAl type by slurry at reduced times is proposed in this PhD thesis. The coatings result in high activity type microstructures on two single-crystal nickel-based superalloys, AM1 and René N5.The different considered coatings correspond to β-NiAl, β-(Ni, Pt)Al (including Pt pre-deposition) and β-NiAl doped with a reactive element, for which several methods of incorporating the reactive element have been considered. Subsequently, some coatings were selected to be studied under isothermal and/or cyclic oxidation conditions at 1100°C for times up to 1000 hours. The reduction in the coating time of these simple β-NiAl coatings to less than 6 hours and in an Ar or air atmosphere does not change their oxidation behaviour at high temperatures since parabolic regimes are still observed. For the β-(Ni, Pt)Al coatings, the amount of slurry deposited must be reduced (compared to β-NiAl) to avoid the formation of the brittle PtAl2 phase. The first tests in cyclic oxidation showed significant mass losses, whose origins remain to be clarified. The improvement against spallation has been studied through the incorporation of CeO2 following three different ways: by mixing powders; by dispersing CeO2 particles in an electroless nickel pre-deposit, by adding cerium nitrate to the slurry. Only the last two methods provided homogeneous and reproducible coatings that were studied in oxidation. The results showed that the addition of an electroless nickel deposit (with or without CeO2) prior to aluminization generated an interface susceptible to reduce the oxidation performance of the coatings. Nevertheless, specific additions of CeO2 to the nickel pre-deposit led to a better oxidation behaviour than the one observed with no CeO2 doping. An original synthesis method consisting in adding cerium nitrate to the slurry was also applied. It was demonstrated that the reactive element was indeed well incorporated into the coating. The optimal content still must be studied to avoid over-doping phenomena. Finally, a preliminary study of electrochemical stripping of slurry coatings, followed by re-aluminization for repair purposes, has been conducted
Artizzu, Paola. "Combustion catalytique du méthane à haute température : application dans les turbines à gaz." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10261.
Full textErrkik, Ahmed. "Oxydation du nickel à haute température (850-1000 degrés C) : rôle de la vapeur d'eau et autres paramètres d'influence." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD818.
Full textAchard, Nathalie. "Synthèse d'oxydes mixtes stabilisant Sb et Bi par oxydation directe d'un alliage précurseur (O. D. A. P. ) : implication dans la microstructure des céramiques électriques ZnO." Lyon 1, 1996. http://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m60c4t56.
Full textBen, Afia Souhail. "Influence d'un traitement mécanique de nanocristallisation superficielle (SMAT) sur l'oxydation à hautes températures de l'acier 316L." Thesis, Troyes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TROY0007/document.
Full textThis work aims at highlighting the impact of the SMA process (Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment) on the oxidation resistance of steels of type AISI 316L. This study compares the composition and morphology of the oxide layers, the oxidation kinetics, the growth mechanisms and the residual stresses on the surface of treated and oxidized samples at different temperatures. These observations show a beneficial effect of the SMA process on the oxidation resistance of the 316L steel for high temperatures. Indeed, the oxidation kinetics of the treated samples is shown to be related to a preferential growth of chromia starting at 700°C. This led us to conclude that the SMAT used on the 316L reverses the main oxide phase, inhibiting the growth of the hematite and promoting the chromia. An oxidation scenario for untreated and SMATed steel samples is proposed, demonstrating the role of the density of the grain boundaries introduced by the mechanical treatment. During this work, a comprehensive numerical chaining process is proposed. It takes into account the process parameters and mechanical properties of the material, in order to predict the characteristics of the nanostructure generated by SMAT, that could influence the oxidation of this stainless steel at high temperatures
Rhouta, Benaïssa. "Caractérisation microstructurale de barrières thermiques NiCoCrAIY-ZrO2 partiellement stabilisée." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT035G.
Full textMonnet, Franck. "Étude de la réaction d'oxydation partielle du méthane à hautes températures et en réacteur à temps courts." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10241.
Full textDorgans, Céline. "Study of interactions between glass and tungsten during glass hot forming processes." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0022.
Full textDuring syringe hot forming, tungsten-glass interactions lead to oxidation and wear of the tungsten tool and contamination of the syringe by tungsten. Direct consequences are unwanted reactions with sensitive medicines I contained in the syringes. Oxidation and wear of the tungsten tool was studied in air and in glass at high temperature, during dedicated experiments and during the syringe forming process. Thanks to the understanding of these phenomena, solutions to avoid contamination of the syringe by tungsten were proposed
Essoum, Hamida. "Oxydation à haute température des alliages Fe-Cr-Al : influence de l'humidité et rôle des précipités." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD876.
Full textHun, Nicolas. "Mécanismes et cinétiques d'oxydation du SiC à hautes températures et faibles pressions d'oxygène : application au gainage des réacteurs rapides à gaz." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14453/document.
Full textGas Fast Reactor (GFR) is one of the different Generation IV concepts under investigation for energy production. SiC/SiC composites are candidates of primary interest for a GFR fuel cladding use, thanks to good corrosion resistance among other properties. The mechanisms and kinetics of SiC oxidation under operating conditions have to be identified and quantified as the corrosion can decrease the mechanical properties of the composite. An experimental device has been developed to study the oxidation of silicon carbide under high temperature and low oxygen partial pressure. The results pointed out that not only parabolic oxidation, but also interfacial reactions and volatilization occur under such conditions. After determining the kinetics of each mechanism, as functions of oxygen partial pressure and temperature, the data are used for the modeling of the composites oxidation. The model will be used to predict the lifetime of the composite in operating conditions
Kemdehoundja, Mbaihoudou. "Analyse par microspectroscopie Raman de l'évolution des contraintes de croissance et résiduelles au cours de la formation de films de chromine sur l'alliage Ni-30Cr : conséquences sur les mécanismes d'endommagement." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS251.
Full textWhen a metal (or alloy) is placed in an oxidizing environment, the formation of a continuous oxide layer which can constitute a surface protective barrier whose role is to slow down the kinetics of the oxidation process. The effectiveness of this protection also depends upon the integrity of the oxide coating. Spalling and cracking phenomena can locally induce a direct contact between oxygen and metal giving rise to a new oxidation process. To increase the metals and alloys lifetime working in oxidizing atmospheres, it is necessary to understand the reasons which control the stress generation in oxide layers and the appearance of cracks and spalls. The present work deals with chromia (Cr2O3) which is of interest particularly because it is the main protective oxide in stainless steels and various chromium alloys. In this work, chromia films are formed in air at high temperature (between 700°C and 900°C) on a chromia-former alloy Ni-30Cr. The cooling is performed using three usual cooling rates (furnace cooling, air quenching and water quenching). The oxidation kinetics have been determined both by in situ experiments (TGA) and ex situ. Microscopic analysis (optical and SEM observations) have lead to the oxide characterization, mainly oxide thickness and mean grain size of the forming oxide. Raman spectroscopy has been used to measure in situ the growth stress and a more detailed analysis has been realized in the grain boundary vicinity. Stress relaxation and residual stress measurements give a complete knowledge of the stress behaviour in chromia films. Experimental conditions for the occurrence of damage and, due to the submicronic accuracy of the micro-Raman spectroscopy, the stress distribution around buckles and spalls are determined. The stress evolution with the experimental parameters, mainly time, temperature, and cooling rate is given leading to the conditions of the oxide degradation. Each experimental measurement is compared to the corresponding theoretical result
Sulistijono, Sulistijono. "Étude du comportement de couches de zircone dans l'air à haute température (400-1100 C°)." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD519.
Full textBrisebourg, Mathieu. "Corrosion active/passive de matériaux en présence de mélanges réactifs à très haute température." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14325/document.
Full textExperimental and theoretical studies have been carried out in order to obtain further knowledge and understanding of the corrosion behavior of silicon carbide under complex gas mixtures at very high temperatures. To that purpose, two original experimental methods based on Joule-heating have been designed for the in-situ following of SiC oxidation kinetics, and a model accounting for both heterogeneous kinetics and gas-phase transport phenomena has been developed thanks to a finite volume method. At high temperatures and low oxidant partial pressure, oxidation of SiC is « active » and associated with the formation of gaseous products and high degradation rates of the original materials, the reaction being rate-determined by species transport through a gaseous boundary layer. At low temperatures and high oxidant partial pressures, oxidation is « passive » and associated with the growth of a condensed oxide scale acting as a protecting diffusion barrier. An analytical study has been conducted in order to try and isolate the effects of the various physical and chemical phenomena involved during this passive oxidation, such as different growth mechanisms, volatilization or bubble formation, and quantify how temperature and gas composition influence them.An experimental study of the active/passive transition in the oxidation of SiC has been conducted under gas mixtures including one or two different oxidant species. Numerical simulation tools as well as new insights on oxidation mechanisms were used to analyze different predictive models of the active/passive transition and evaluate and understand the differences between these theoretical results and the ones obtained experimentally
Liégaut, Caroline. "Élaboration de composites à matrice céramique ultra-réfractaire résistants aux très hautes températures sous flux gazeux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0035/document.
Full textSince many decades, Carbon/Carbon composites are used as structural parts in rocket engines due to their excellent thermomechanical properties. However, under highly oxidizing/corrosive atmosphere and high gas flow rates, carbon suffers from severe oxidation. To improve oxidation resistance of these composites, Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (UHTC) can be used as a protection. To protect the whole composite, the introduction of UHTC as a matrix has been done using a liquid phase process combining: (i) slurry infiltration process and (ii) reactive melt infiltration. Matrix constituents belong to the (B;C;Si;Zr) system. Material characterisation allowed a better understanding of the infiltration mechanisms and of the phase distribution and composition in respect to the processing conditions. To select the best composition, oxyacetylene torch testing has been done to recreate spacecraft launch environmental conditions. Post-test characterisation has been done to evaluate protection efficiency of each matrix composition for single use and possible reuse. Finally, advantages and drawbacks assessment of each composition allowed to highlight the most protective composition and phase distribution
Alkelae, Fathia. "Etude en fretting usure sous hautes températures d'un contact Waspaloy/René125 : formation et stabilité des "glaze layers"." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC015/document.
Full textNickel based alloys are the most developed materials nowadays for applications at high temperature, as in aeronautics, nuclear…The aim of this study is to understand their behavior at high temperature under fretting wear solicitations. Thereby, we had focused on a tribosystem formed of Waspaloy/René 125, which represent the crankcase/blade contact of the low pressure Turbine. We started studying the temperature effect, it is been noticed that above T = 400°C, a lubricant tribofilm, called the Glaze Layer is generated at the interface of the contact, which enable an abrupt reduction in friction and wear rate. The temperature was than fixed at 700°C (service temperature), so the glaze layer stability was analyzed as a function of contact pressure, sliding amplitude, frequency and number of cycles imposed. This analysis shows a bilinear wear evolution, characterized by a fast initial wear related to the formation of the glaze layer, followed by almost no wear once the glaze layer is formed. This study showed that the wear rate related to the glaze layer formation is dependent of the sliding velocity. Above a sliding velocity threshold, the formation of a stabilized glaze layer is quite difficult. A Master curve is here established. Microscopic and spectroscopic investigations are conducted to analyze the interface based on interrupted tests of a very short duration. Leading to a precise description of the glaze layer formation mechanisms. At the end of this study, a comparative analysis of different coatings developed to improve these components behavior, in the framework of INNOLUB project was established, allowing choosing the coating offering the best tribological properties and lifetime
Regad, Belkacem. "Influence des éléments d'addition sur les premiers stades de l'oxydation à haute température d'un acier microallié." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD800.
Full textVilasi, Michel. "Étude de l'oxydation et de la corrosion à haute température des phases constitutives d'un alliage NiCoCrAIYTa." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10034.
Full textPerez, Thomas. "Oxydation à haute température d’alliages modèles Ni-25Cr, Influence des éléments mineurs Mn et Si sur les mécanismes de croissance des oxydes protecteurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0234.
Full textNickel-based refractory alloys are mainly used in oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature. These alloys are generally capable to form chromia oxide scales at temperature between 700 and 1100°C. A few relationships between composition, microstructure and kinetic are known, but the systematic study of the oxidation behaviour of new industrial alloys is required because the impact of minor elements and their possible synergy are not fully understood. Thus, this PhD thesis aims to refine the understanding of the relationship between the chemical composition and the chemical reactivity of metallic materials in an oxidizing atmosphere in order to contribute to the design of alloys with optimized oxidation properties. To reach this purpose, the oxidation behaviour of model alloys, simplified compared to those proposed today by industry, was studied. The techniques available nowadays (EBSD, SEM-FIB, MET-HR) were used in order to determine the oxidation mechanism and the effect of manganese and silicon additions on these mechanisms. The characterization of the first oxidation step was performed in-situ in an environmental SEM (Collaboration with the ICSN in Marcoule) and allowed the observation of the former oxide, the Mn1+xCr2-xO4 spinel regardless the alloy Mn content. Manganese addition led to an increase of the oxidation rate in comparison to the one of a Ni25Cr (% wt.) and to a decrease of the chromia oxidation rate thanks to the presence of the spinel Mn1+xCr2-xO4 at the oxide/gaz interface. In opposite, the silicon addition decreased the parabolic constant by a factor 5. This dramatic effect was attributed to the presence of silica at chromia grain boundaries which decreased the chromium diffusion rate across the oxide scale. The addition of both manganese and silicon led to the same oxidation rate than the reference alloy in isothermal condition whereas, the lifetime in cyclic oxidation was considerably increased. The knowledge of the growth direction coupled to that of the semiconductivity type, determined by photoelectrochemical measurements at SiMaP laboratory in Grenoble, allowed the identification of the major point defects in formed oxide scales. Based on the collected results, the involved solid state diffusion mechanisms responsible of the oxide layer growth were proposed
Geuffrard, Marion. "Amorçage et micro-propagation de fissure en fatigue à haute température à partir de défauts dans un superalliage monocristallin." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00609109.
Full textBouchaud, Baptiste. "Electrosynthèse de nouveaux revêtements à base d'élément de terres rares destinés à accroître la durabilité à haute température des matériaux des turbines." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS284.
Full textTatat, Matthieu. "Influence de films fonctionnels sur les propriétés élastiques des substrats associés : application au système Ni/NiO." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785259.
Full textLedoux, Xavier. "Contribution à la mise au point de matériaux métalliques pour les unités de production d'hydrogène par vaporéformage du gaz naturel : 1/ Étude de l'oxydation de matériaux de structure à l'air entre 650 et 1050°C. 2/ Élaboration de revêtements et étude de leur résistance à l'oxydation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0017/document.
Full textThe LokiR project aims to develop new steam reforming reactor to optimize the production of hydrogen. In this context, the protection of metallic alloys composing the reactor must be improved. In this thesis, the behavior of two chromia-forming alloys (Haynes© 120 and 230) was studied at high temperature under oxidizing conditions and protective coatings, able to improve their resistance against oxidation, have been developed. The study reveals that the alloys protect themselves by the growth of a chromia layer during their oxidation in air in the range 650-1050°C. This leads to a parabolic-like oxidation kinetics with low constant values for these types of alloys. The magnitude of the alloys life time at 1000°C was estimated at about 8 years in air. Chromia growth is controlled by the diffusion of the oxygen vacancy defect as well as high and low oxygen pressure. The tests indicate that the chromization of Haynes© 120 alloy leads an alpha-(Cr, Fe, Ni) phase that can be enriched with silicon. However, the behavior of these coatings oxidation at 1050°C, is, overall, unsatisfactory. The aluminization of the alloy Haynes © 120 leads to the formation of a beta-Al (Ni, Fe, Cr) coating. The oxidation study of the alloy thus coated leads to the initial growth of a transition alumina and, then, to the growth of the steady alpha-Al2O3. This last reduces the rate of oxidation and improves the thermal shock resistance. The aluminized alloy maintains the alumina-forming nature at least 10000 hours at 1000°C
Chaze, Anne-Marie. "Éléments sur les possibilités d'amélioration de la résistance à l'oxydation à haute température des alliages à base de titane." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPE039.
Full textKnittel, Stéphane. "Elaboration et caractérisation du comportement en oxydation d'alliages composites à base de niobium et de siliciures de type M7Si6 et M8Si7 envisagés comme revêtements protecteurs." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10127/document.
Full textThe improvement of the efficiency of turbine engine can be achieved by increasing the working temperature. The development of new alloys based on Nb-Si system allows a jump of 200°C of the operating temperature in comparison to that offered by current nickel based alloys. The first part of this manuscript focuses on the evolutions which have led to the development of niobium silicide in situ composites (Nbss-Nb5Si3). The microstructure of these alloys consists in a ductile niobium matrix where number of alloying elements can solubilise and of strengthening niobium silicides which are intended to provide creep and oxidation resistance at high temperature. Unfortunately, these alloys exhibit a poor oxidation resistance characterised by a high metal recession rate and the formation of non-protective oxide scale. Thus, oxygen can easily react with the substrate, dissolve in Nbss and diffuse quickly through this phase. The effect of Al, Si and Ti additions on both microstructure and oxidation resistance were investigated. Although, these composition optimisations lead to a significant enhance of oxidation resistance, some compositions still suffers from catastrophic oxidation behaviour around 800°C. In these alloys tin additions involve high microstructural changes, especially by initiating the formation of A15- Nb3Sn phase. At 800°C, Sn additions suppress oxygen dissolution in Nbss responsible of the catastrophic oxidation behaviour of these alloys. Nevertheless, the oxidation resistance of these alloys remains too low for the foreseen applications and protective coatings are required. Thermodynamic stability and oxidation resistance of two silicide families (Nb3X3CrSi6 and Nb4X4Si7 (X = Fe, Co or Ni)) were investigated. These silicides have exhibited a high oxidation resistance up to 1300°C by the formation of a protective silica layer. Finally, these silicides were deposited on Nbss-Nb5Si3 substrate by using the pack cementation process. Some coated alloys have then exhibited lifetime going up to 3000 one hour cycle at 1100°C
Vix-Guterl, Cathie. "Comportement en atmosphère oxydante de composites thermostructuraux SiC/C/SiC." Mulhouse, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MULH0198.
Full textCabrera, Salcedo Andrea. "Modélisation du comportement mécanique "post-trempe", après oxydation à haute température, des gaines de combustible des réacteurs à eau pressurisée." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00705085.
Full textEl, Messki Samira. "Etude des mécanismes d'oxydation des alliages FeCrAl et de l'acier AISI 316L à haute température (700-1300°C). Influence du mode d'introduction du Lanthane et du Cerium. Protection par des couches d'oxydes thermiques contre la corrosion aqueuse." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718195.
Full textFettré, David. "Aspects mécaniques de l'oxydation haute température du zirconium : modélisation des champs de contrainte et suivi expérimental multi technique des endommagements." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2335/document.
Full textThe oxide scale growth in high temperature oxidation leads to generation of stresses in the oxide/metal system. It could be responsible of the damage of this oxide film causing the loss of its protective character toward the metallic substrate. The study is based on the Deflection Test in Monofacial Oxidation (DTMO) of Zr/ZrO2 system: the protection of one face of a thin foil creates a stress asymmetry. It leads to the sample curvature on the oxide scale side due to internal high compressive stresses on it. A test campaign is held as a reference for a comparison with an elasto-viscoplastic semi-analytical model describing the DTMO in isotherm. This model considers the different deformations affecting the metal/oxide system (notably creep and chemical deformations). The identified material parameters are then used in symmetric oxidation models which represent real application cases for stress field determination. These predictions are confronted to microstructure observations and to an analysis of the damage in zirconia scale. The breakaway phenomenon linked to damage initiation in the oxide scale is highlighted with an experimental multi-technical analysis. With an acoustic emission monitoring, we identify clusters of signals linked to the different oxidation kinetics regimes and with thermogravimertry, two tendencies at breakaway are observed and are differentiated afterward with different behaviours at spalling
Courty, Colette. "Détermination par diffraction X des contraintes résiduelles dans les oxydes formés sur les métaux à haute température : cas des sytèmes Ni/NiO et Co/Co3O4." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD115.
Full textColot, Daniel. "Corrosion à chaud d'aciers réfractaires : application aux chaudières à charbon pulvérisé." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD111.
Full textMollard, Maël. "Elaboration de systèmes barrière thermique par barbotine : comportement du nickel et de ses superalliages revêtus en oxydation cyclique à haute température." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839920.
Full textDrouelle, Elodie. "Relations microstructure, propriétés mécaniques et résistance à l'oxydation de la phase MAX Ti3AlC2." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2277/document.
Full textThe lightening of structures has become a major challenge for transport industries. New materials with, at least, equivalent specific properties to currently used materials have been designed in order to cope with this challenge. In this regard, Ti3AlC2 MAX phase has been studied. The high temperature (800-1000°C) oxidation resistance and tension and tensile creep properties were assessed for Ti3AlC2 samples elaborated using a powder metallurgy process (pressureless sintering + spark plasma sintering). The various oxidation tests pointed out two different behaviors (protective oxidation or catastrophic one depending on the grown oxides nature) mainly controlled by samples microstructural features (grains size, elements on A site, roughness and porosity). The first tensile creep tests ever performed on Ti3AlC2 MAX phase indicates the high ductility of these materials whose specific properties reach or surpass those of polycrystalline superalloys and titanium aluminides. A multi-scale study highlights deformation mechanisms occurring through intergranular sliding at 900 and 1000°C and through dislocations glide at 800°C. Damage mechanisms occurring through cavitation supported by crack oxidation phenomena on gauge length surface were also underlined
Laforet, Adrien. "Rupture différée en fatigue statique aux très hautes températures (800° - 1300°) des fils Hi-Nicalon, des composites Hi-Nicalon/Type PyC/SiC et des composites Hi-Nicalon/Type PyC/B4C." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13783/document.
Full textDelayed failure of SiC Hi-Nicalon multifilament tows (500 fibers), minicomposites Hi-Nicalon/type PyC/SiC and Hi-Nicalon/type PyC/B4C was investigated in static fatigue, in air, at high temperatures (900°C – 1300°C) using specific and innovative devices. Static fatigue tests with measure of strain were performed on these materials. The experimental results (lifetime, strain, tensile behavior) have helped to understand and model the mechanisms responsible for the delayed failure at the different scales: - Hi-Nicalon tows rupture is caused by subcritical crack growth mechanism activated by oxidation of free carbon in the fibres. This phenomenon is disrupted by fast oxide SiO2 formation over 900°C: subcritical crack growth kinetic slows down for low stresses because of protective oxide formation which prevents the cracks from oxygen; For high stresses, the lifetime of Hi-Nicalon tows is weaker because of fibers interactions (fiber-oxide-fiber). At last, creep seems to cause the rupture of the tows for stresses over 200 MPa at 1200°C. - Hi-Nicalon/type PyC/SiC minicomposites break by subcritical crack growth slowed down by the SiC matrix and by the SiO2 formation which limit the access of the oxygen to the fibers. Creep occurs at 1200°C but it isn’t responsible of the rupture. - Hi-Nicalon/type PyC/B4C minicomposites break by subcritical crack growth slowed down by the formation of B2O3 oxide at 900°C for high stresses. The rupture is caused by the fast decrease of the diameter of the fibers at the other temperatures and for low stresses at 900°C. The oxidation kinetic of the fibers increases because of the dissolution of silica coating by B2O3 oxide. Analytical modeling was performed to schedule the lifetime of these materials and the variability of the experimental results is studied
Li, Ning. "Étude du comportement à l'oxydation et des contraintes résiduelles lors de l’oxydation sous air humide de l’alliage AISI 430." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS075/document.
Full textWhen an alloy is placed in an atmosphere containing oxygen at high temperature, the formation of oxide scale may take place. The oxidation resistance of the alloy is a very important criterion for selecting alloys to be used at high temperature. And it has been found that the oxidation behavior of alloys in atmosphere containing water vapor is different from that in dry air or oxygen. Moreover, in the oxide scale systematically accompanied the development of growth stresses during isothermal oxidation and of thermal stresses during cooling, which also limit the durability of oxide scale and the lifetime of the alloy. The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of water vapor on oxidation behavior of AISI 430 stainless steel at high temperature, which is expected to be used as interconnectors in the planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The oxidation experiments have been performed in air with different absolute humidity (2%-10%) at 700°C, 800°C and 900°C by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) system. The oxide surface morphology, cross-section microstructure and the chemical composition of the oxide scale were studied after oxidation by FEG-SEM and EDX. The residual stresses distributions in the oxide scale were determined at room temperature by XRD method after oxidation, and the growth stresses were measured by in-situ deflection method during oxidation. It has been found that the oxidation kinetic, surface morphology and diffusion mechanism of AISI 430 stainless steel in dry air are changed with the introduction of water vapor. The water vapor can also influence the residual stresses levels in the oxide scale. In the presence of water vapor, breakaway oxidation was observed at 900°C, and two possible mechanisms were given to explain this
Abdouli, Belgacem. "Sur l'endommagement de fatigue-fluage de l'acier 25 CDV 4. 11 à 500 et 550°C." Compiègne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987COMPE063.
Full textVergne, Catherine. "Analyse de l'influence des oxydes dans le frottement d'une fonte pour outil de travail à chaud." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1064.
Full textBrix, Florian. "Contribution à la recherche de matériaux de type «siliciures» résistant à l’environnement à haute température en vue d’applications dans le domaine de la thermoélectricité." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0174/document.
Full textThe constant deployment of new sensors networks in confined areas of turbomachines or difficult to access, requires the input of energy to power these sensors. Many researches are thus focused on a permanent power supply of sensors to monitor new components. One possible way of permanent power supply is the use of thermoelectric modules to convert the thermal energy from combustion into the turbines. Among the thermoelectric materials, silicides seem to be the most promising family for high temperature applications (above 700 °C). The subject of this thesis is the study of silicides known for their high temperature oxidation resistance in order to produce thermoelectric modules that can operate at optimal temperatures around 700 °C. To this end, different representatives of the silicide family have been studied by ab initio calculation using the density functional theory. This tool allowed to calculate their potential thermoelectric properties and showed that the two best candidates for cheap applications were the disilicides of manganese and iron. The calculation also showed the metallic character of many ternary silicides. The promising silicides were developed by sintering method and their aging as well as their coefficients of thermal expansion were studied. This knowledge has made it possible to develop thermoelectric modules based on silicides resistant to 900 °C in air. Although possessing modest thermoelectric properties, their resistance to high temperature oxidation makes it possible to envisage the manufacture of thermoelectric modules
Bordet, Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude structurale de séries de composés supraconducteurs ou magnétiques : les stannures de terres rares et métaux précieux et les cuprates supraconducteurs à hautes températures." Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10003.
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