Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Haute teneur en fer'
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Rauch, Jeanne-Marie. "Comportement électrochimique d'électrolytes Zinc Fer à haute teneur en Fer, germination et effet des courants pulsés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UBFCD031.
Full textThe development of new corrosion resistant plating has become a challenge in both environmental and economic terms. Indeed, numerous constraints have aroused in surface treatments domain in recent decades, most of them due to the restriction on the use of certain products. As for example, RoHS Directive (Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances) limits the use of dangerous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. In the same manner, REACH European regulations realized the substances inventory before their authorization, for the improvement of environmental conditions and human health. This include the control of metal salts as for example nickel sulphates, used in several applications such as zinc-nickel coatings. To overcome these constraints, new solutions have already been explored during the IZAC project: Innovative Zinc Alloys Coating. This project, a consortium between the UTINAM laboratory an d industrial partners, has contributed to the development of a ZnFe sacrificial layer with high iron content, subject to an international patent. The present work is part of the ATLAS project, led by the IRT M2P, which gather together three French and Belgian Universities associated to a consortium of 22 industrials partners. The academic contribution of the present thesis made in the UTINAM institute is the understanding of the electrochemical behavior of the electrolyte by discriminating the influence of every constituents. The different functions (complexing agents, chemisorption additives, supports salts…) will be insulated from the interactions (complexation and precipitation). The dynamic behavior of the systems will also be observed by the study of the transients during the modulation of the polarized current wave. The final goal will end up with the most effective sequences regarding the electrodeposition ability and the content of alloys elements, with simple and inverse pu lses. Special attention will be paid to microscopic phenomena and to the first moments of the plating, since the germination step is repeated for each current pulse, by high speed chronoamperometry. A modeling of the behavior of the boundary layer will be proposed by using the diffusion equation with COMSOL solver. In a second part of the thesis, physicochemical and functional properties of the plating obtained for different conditions will be investigated. For this purpose, effects of pulsed currents on the coatings composition, alloying elements distribution and thickness distribution will be quantified. Modelling will be used together with pulsed currents to obtain a better repartition of current lines on simple and complexes geometries. The objective is to act for an optimum repartition of the coatings on the surfaces of flat parts, but also on accidents (grooves, holes, blind holes, elbows…) thanks to a better understanding of the interactions between the electrolyte and the p ulsed currents. The coatings elaborate with the best pulse sequence parameters (Ja, Jc, Ta, Tc…) will be characterized by several techniques among with scanning microscopy (SEM) or X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as for their functional behavior, by internal laboratory tests and with industrial partners means. Finally, to apprehend the scale-up to greater volumes at IRTM2P, a study of the parameters in a pilot unit at the UTINAM Institute will be undertaken
Antoni-Jaspart, Émilie. "Structure et propriétés de verres silicates à haute teneur en alumine." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-367.pdf.
Full textNicolas, André. "Etude de l'Evolution Physico-Chimique du Substrat lors de l'Oxydation à Haute Température des Alliages Modèle Ni-Cr à Faible Teneur en Chrome et de l'Alliage Modèle Ni-16Cr-9Fe." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848591.
Full textAkkad, Ahmed Nadim. "Perméation de l'hydrogène et de l'azote au travers du fer et des aciers : influence de la présence de couches minces superficielles." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066196.
Full textNjomgang, Rosaline. "Modélisation des interactions de la matière organique des sols avec les métaux : Etude des systèmes Fer (III) - acides Dihydroxybenzoïques et Fer (III) - Polycondensats." Reims, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REIMS007.
Full textCoutière, Bénédicte. "Nouveau procédé de dénitrification des eaux par le fer métallique." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0036.
Full textDijoux, Frédéric. "Etude par résonance paramagnétique électronique multifréquence de l'ion Fe3+ dans les milieux à faible organisation (argiles et verres)." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20169.
Full textSOUGMI, REDOUANE. "Etude cinetique de la corrosion du fer et d'alliages fer-chrome dans le chlorue sec a haute temperature." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066341.
Full textMorin, Guillaume. "Cristallochimie du fer dans les bauxites : application à l'étude du gisement de Bidi-Koum (Guinée)." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077070.
Full textMerceron, Gaëtan. "Comportement mécanique et oxydation d'alliages FeCrAl à haute température." ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1022.
Full textRebouillat, Lionel. "Mise en valeur de l'andalousite dans des bétons à haute teneur en alumine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/NQ53543.pdf.
Full textGenuit, Daisy. "Développement d'une nouvelle génération de catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement à haute teneur en phase active." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10144.
Full textBenkaddour, Abdelkhalek. "Proprietes des defauts d'irradiation dans des alliages austenitiques fer-chrome-nickel et des alliages ferritiques fer-chrome : influence de la teneur en chrome." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066144.
Full textBenkaddour, Abdelkhalek. "Propriétés des défauts d'irradiation dans des alliages austénitiques fer-chrome-nickel et des alliages ferritiques fer-chrome influence de la teneur en chrome /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602846c.
Full textNyassi, Abdelhamid. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement d'un alliage ferritique dans des milieux gazeux complexes (oxydant-sulfurant) à haute température." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS030.
Full textEkhlassi, Fatemeh. "Elaboration par fusion superficielle laser et tenue à l'oxydation à haute température de revêtements fer-chrome-silicium sur le fer." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0061.
Full textBocoum, Hamady. "La métallurgie du fer au Sénégal : approche archéologique, technologique et historique." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010676.
Full textMillet, Maud. "Mécanismes de corrosion haute température d’aciers par des acides naphténiques." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066579.
Full textIn a context of fossil fuel reserves decreasing, the share of non-conventional crude oil in prospecting grows. Refine these crudes brings reliability issues and extra-cost because of the combined presence of sulfur species and naphthenic acids, which can induce substantial corrosion in refining units. Under certain circumstances, the iron sulfur layer formed on steel can play the role of passive film by having an inhibitive effect on naphthenic acid corrosion. Our study focused on the interaction between naphthenic acids and a pre-formed iron sulfide layer on carbon steel. At TAN 4 mg KOH/g and 260°C, this layer is locally damaged by blistering and flaking, then, with a longer exposition time to naphthenic acid, the complete detachment of the layer occurs. The factors of localization of the attack were studied and it revealed the influence of defects initially present on the surface of carbon steel on the quality of the sulfide layer formed and its susceptibility to corrosion. The carbon (and pearlitic) content of steel seems to have an impact without having a dominating effect on the corrosion rate. A second part of the work focused on the identification – by ToF-SIMS – of corrosion products, which had never been isolated because of their solubility in oil. Iron naphthenates, Fe(AN)x with x = 3, 4 or 5, were detected on steel and pyrite (FeS2) after being exposed to two different pure naphthenic acids. Finally, in agreement with the results obtained, a blistering mechanism caused by accumulation of corrosion products at the metal/iron sulfide interface is proposed
Nottez, Mélanie. "Développement de films d’emballage alimentaire à haute teneur en matières thermoplastiques à base d’amidon." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10197.
Full textThe aim of this work is the development of food packaging films with a high concentration of biobased raw materials, and the optimization of the usual properties. The addition of G1, basic grade of the starch grafted polyolefin, significantly deteriorates the optical properties together with the tear strength of the obtained films. The interfacial adhesion LDPE / G1 is insufficient for a use in the field of food packaging, because of an incompatibility between LDPE and the PP part of the starch grafted polyolefin. Some improvements of this adhesion are observed, in particular by increasing the extrusion temperature of G1, the temperature of the die, or by the modification of the bio-based resin. The interfacial adhesion PEgMA / G1 is also relatively low, for the same reasons as mentioned above. The replacement of PEgMA by PPgMA provides excellent adhesion at the interface without deteriorating the adhesion between the binder and EVOH. Finally, the study of the fracture behavior of the films made from three grades of the starch grafted polyolefin is produced by the method of essential work of fracture. An increase of 85 % of the toughness is observed, between the base grade and the highest modified grade. This difference can be attributed to the increase in molecular weight induced by the modification of bio-based resin. In addition, the digital image correlation provides access to local deformations of the double notched specimens. It also serves to show the symmetry of all the specimens. By following the ligament size over time, it is shown that the crack starts growing at 95% of the maximum force, showing a complete plasticization ligament before the crack growth
Defouilloy, Céline. "Le rapport isotopique de l'hydrogène dans les météorites de fer." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0009.
Full textIrons meteorites are generally considered as remains of differentiated planetesimal cores. Yet, there are still some uncertainties regarding their formation. One proxy that could be used to confirm or not the different hypothesis regarding the formation of Iron meteorites is the Hydrogen isotopic ratio. Indeed, the Hydrogen isotopic ratio varies according to the bearing species and the process that had happened on the parent bodies. The Hydrogen isotopic ratio, as well as its concentration, have been measured in several Iron meteorites using an ion microprobe IMS 3f. Hydrogen isotopic ratios vary from 93 ± 9 to 126 ± 11 x10-6, while the concentrations vary from 0,5 ± 0,1 ppb to 120 ± 130 ppb. Two groups can be distinguished in regard of the concentrations. The magmatic irons have a very low H content while the non-magmatic irons are systematically richer in H
Menard, Jean-Jacques. "Les relations volcanisme, plutonisme et minéralisation dans la ceinture de fer du Chili : la région d'El Algarrobo." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112086.
Full textLocated between 25°30’5and 31°S latitudes, the Chilean Iron Belt constitutes the first important mineralization episode of the Andean orogeny. It is made up of more than 40 deposits of economic interest, aligned along the axis of the Peruvian-Chilean Trough. El Algarrabo area has been chosen for a case study. The magmatic formations, emplaced in a subduction environment, are characterized by: A bimodal volcanism, Neocomian in age, emplaced in an island arc, with large volumes of andesitic s. 1. Lava flows, lately metamorphosed by cooling plutons. The major deposits of the Belt are located at their contacts. A plutonic suite, markedly calc-alkaline, with a development of intermediate rock types. The oldest and most abundant, at the present erosion level, are cpx-opx bearing diorites, which have crystallized under increasing f. 02, and which could ultimately liberate their iron during mineralization processes. The iron deposit is composed of magnetite, locally associated with tremolite, apatite and sulphides (pyrite-chalcopyrite). During the cooling, after the consolidation of the plutons (850-900°C), the super-critical fluid phase is exsolved and contaminated by external waters. This would result in a H+ and Cl- enrichment and in the sequential leaching of Fe (at less than 700°C), then Ca and Mg (between 500 and 600°C) from minerais of the primary magmatic assemblage (facies 1): iron-titanium oxides, clinopyroxenes, orthopyroxenes and calcic plagioclases. The metallic elements are carried in a cationic form, associated with C1- anions, toward the cooler wall-rocks where they are concentrated and precipitated. As a consequence of the centrifugal Sense of cationic leaching, residua parageneses in the plutons (epidiorites) are concentrically zoned, resulting from a sequence of retromorphic assemblages (facies 2 to 5). Correlatively, wall-rocks have evolved as skarns under conditions of the greenschist amphibolite facies boundary (450°C). Plutonic magmas, emplaced at shallow levels (4 km), yielding a basic to intermediate composition, crystallizing from a dry melt and controlled by regional structures, constitute the major factor of the iron deposition in a subduction domain. On the opposite, potassic alteration of hydrous magmas, evolving as closed systems, would promote porphyry-copper deposition processes
Entre las latitudes 25°30'S y 31°S, la franja ferrifera chilena, primera mineralizacion en importancia de la orogénesis andina, esta compuesta por mas de 40 yacimientos explotables, alineados paralelamente al eje de la fosa Peru-Chile. El yacimiento de "El Algarrobo" fue eligido camo ejemplo. En este contexto de subduccién, el magmatismo se manifiesta por: metamorfisadas ulteriormente por plutones al contacta de los cuales se alojan las reservas mas importantes de la franja. Une serie plut6nica, calco-alcalina, cuyos miembros intermedios, los mas antiguos y los mas abundantes, son dioritas de OPx-CPx que cristalizan bajo f. 02 crecientes, y van a ser, ulteriormente, la fuente del hierro de la mineralizaciôn. La mena esta compuesta con magnetita asociada localmente a tremolita, apatito y sulfuros (pirita-calcopirita). Después de la solidificaciôn de los plutones (850-900°C), una fase fluida supercr!tica enriquecida en H+ y C1- por contaminaciôn con aguas secundarias, lesiva Fe (desde 700°C) y después Ca y Mg (entre 500 y 600°C) a partir de los minerales de la paragénesis primaria (facies 1): oxidos ferrotitaniferos, CPx, OPx y plagioclasas câlcicas. Los elementos qu!micos estan transportados en forma cati6nica asociados a aniones C1-, hasta la roca encajonante mas fr!adonde son concentrados. Con el lesivaje centrifuga de los diferentes cationes, la mineraloga residual de los plutones (epidioritas) es una serie de paragénesis retromorficas (facies 2 a 5) Paralelamente, la roca encajonante evoluciona, tal camo un skarn, bajo las condiciones al limite entre las facies de los esquistos verdes y anfibolitas (450°C). El plutonismo poco profundo (4 km), bâsico a intermedio, seco, asociado a un control estructural, afectado por una alteracion sodica, es el'factor primordial en la elaboracion de los yacimientos de hierro, en un contexto de subduccion. En oposicion, la alteracion potasica de magmas hidratados, cristalizando en sistema cerrado, conduce a la formacion de porfidos cupriferos. Alabras claves Franja ferrifera, magmatismo calco-alcalino, control estructural, dioritas, epidioritas, magnetita, tremolita, apatito, metasomatismo sodico, hidrotermalismo, HCl, porfidos cupriferos
Widyanto, Bambang. "Oxydation à haute température de quelques alliages ferritiques : étude cinétique et morphologique." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD315.
Full textFaye, Jérémy. "Oxydation du phénol en milieu aqueux par le peroxide d'hydrogène en présence d'oxydes de type pérovskite à base de fer." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2296.
Full textAccording to the drastic environmental legislation, advanced oxidation processes have been developed to satisfy the objectives in water depollution. Among these new technologies, catalytic wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation process allows to perform oxidation of organic pollutants in ambient conditions. The homogeneous Fenton system (Fe2+/H2O2), applied to industrial wastewater decontamination, could be advantageously improved by using stable heterogeneous catalysts more suitable for environmentally friendly processes. In this respect, perovskite type oxides (formula ABO3) behave as excellent candidates for the stabilization of the transition metal cation within the crystal structure, thereby limiting leaching of the active phase (i. E. Fe3+). In this work, a series of iron-based perovskites AFeO3 (with A = La, Nd, Pr, Sm, Y) was prepared by two different synthesis procedures, fully characterized and tested for the wet peroxide oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution. Relationship between the perovskites catalytic activity and stability and their physico-chemical properties (reducibility and textural characteristics) is highlighted. The most efficient catalysts were selected based on their ability to completely oxidize the organic pollutant in CO2 and on their stability in aqueous solution. A second series of non stoichiometric iron-based perovskites with general formula A1-xFeO3-δ (A = La, Pr and Sm and x = 0, 0. 1, 0. 2, 0. 3, 0. 4) was prepared in order to modulate the iron reducibility inside the perovskite network. The influence of this parameter on the catalytic activity was determined for various oxidation reactions in aqueous solution (phenol) and in gas phase (methane)
Petroni, Laeticia. "Étude du comportement post-coulée de réfractaires électrofondus à Très Haute Teneur en Zircone : thtz." Paris, ENMP, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00657812.
Full textThis work has been carried out in the frame of a French national research program on new refractories for glass production (NOREV) and focussed on the numerical simulation of the post-casting cooling of fused-cast refractories with a very high zirconia content (HZ). A numerical model of the cooling-down sequence of a tile has been developed from thermal measurements performed in a mould during a casting on industrial site. This calculation allowed the time positioning, for each location in the tile, of the physical phenomena occurring during cooling: solidification, creep and phase transformation of zirconia. Isothermal and non-isothermal mechanical tests allowed the constitutive equations of creep (isotropic hardening) and during zirconia transformation (Leblond transformation-induced viscoplasticity model). From the thermal loadings, the thermal stresses induced by cooling have been calculated, as well as the residual stresses remaining at room temperature. The phase transformation of zirconia, which induces a 4% volume swelling, seems to be the most critical physical phenomenon for both types of stresses. The performed parametric studies proved the interest of the numerical model as a tool for improving the process by varying different parameters: cast material properties, mould shape, properties of its constituents,. .
Kalkounos, Ioannis. "Étude de la déficience en fer, chez le concombre, et de sa correction en culture hors sol." Toulouse, INPT, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPT019A.
Full textKhet, Nini. "Les objets en fer protohistoriques de Haute Birmanie : réalisation d’un corpus, classement typologique, approches morphologique et technologique." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S148.
Full textThe thesis, the very first study of this type in Myanmar, inventory, class and study of 330 iron objects from Upper Myanmar found fortuitously or during archaeological excavation of protohistoric burial, mainly in the Samon valley: 47% are the tools, 41% can be assimilated to the weapons of hunting or war, 1,8% to the ornaments while 9,7% correspond to the fragments of non identified. All theses functional objects considered as belonging to the defunct played a role in the funeral rituals. The valley, like the neighbouring regions, has been provided for the iron mineral. The blacksmiths had been produced iron instruments in modest scale, by using the small bloomery furnaces. This iron of the Samon valley was produced by direct reduction, like in the other countries of Southeast Asia and in India. The microstructures reveal that it was forging. There are no traces, like we observed in China, of white cast iron and gray cast iron which can be obtained by indirect reduction. Any trace of importation of the steel was detected. If the cementation was employed, it was badly controlled since the carbon content is heterogeneous including in the cemented areas. There is no the moulded iron objects. The bronze handle of the bimetallic sword contemporary was, on the other hand, casting like in China and in Vietnam. The iron objects from the Samon valley appeared less variety than those the first urban population of Upper Burma (Pyu sites). A work of restoration permitted to obtain the further information
Labarre, Frédéric. "Evolution des concentrations en fer et manganèse sur un aquifère alluvial (îles de la Motte (Gard) et de la Barthelasse (Vaucluse)) : vulnérabilité d'un champ captant : mobilisation du fer et manganèse au sein d'une berge colmatée." Avignon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AVIG0014.
Full textLandry, Véronic. "Revêtements nanocomposites à haute teneur en solide cuits aux ultraviolets pour les couvre-planchers en bois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26634/26634.pdf.
Full textRadiation curable coatings are presently the standard in the wood flooring industry. Their great properties paired with their fast curing explain why they are now the most used coatings for prefinished wood flooring. Although important improvements can still be brought to these coatings. During the last years, nanoparticles have gained increasing interest in the thermoplastic industry. It could lead to similar results for the thermoset materials. In this project, metal oxides (alumina and zirconia) and clay nanoparticles were added in a typical UV acrylate formulation for wood flooring. This formulation was chosen mostly for its wear resistance, low yellowing and fast curing. Nanoparticles were added in the acrylate formulation by different techniques (high speed mixing, ball milling, bead milling and three roll milling). Then, particle size characterization was performed. Different techniques were employed according to the nanoparticles studied (metal oxides or clay). Microscopic experiments were also performed with an aim of supporting these results. Then, nanoparticles and coupling agents addition effects on curing (speed and percentage of curing) were studied by photo-calorimetry (photo-DSC) and real-time infrared spectroscopy (RT-FTIR). Mechanical properties (hardness, adhesion, scratch resistance, wear resistance, direct and reverse impact resistance) were evaluated. Optical properties (color, gloss, haze and optical clarity) were also assessed. For clay-based coatings, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed in order to determine if clay loading and clay dispersion affect the mechanical and optical properties.
MANES, LISA. "Comportement et modes d'endommagement de deux aciers a haute teneur en azote dans un environnement cryotechnique." Paris, ENSAM, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENAM0020.
Full textPatapy, Cédric. "Comportement thermomécanique et transformations de phase de matériaux réfractaires électrofondus à très haute teneur en zircone." Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/d84e3b5f-5f40-4ad8-a7ca-37c82c1ee360/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4047.pdf.
Full textThis thesis has been carried out under the National Program of Research on new glass refractories (NOREV), focusing on the study of two shades of refractories with a very high content of zirconia (THTZ) obtained by a fused-cast process. The objective was to understand the microstructural mechanisms responsible for changes in mechanical properties of these materials during the annealing step (controlled cooling after melting), and to assess the influence of composition their glassy phase. A detailed study of the microstructure inherited from the solidification mechanisms and successive runs of phase transformations of zirconia has helped to explain the origin of different heterogeneities present within a block and to reveal the complexity of the multi-scaled organization of THTZ materials (selection of crystallographic variants). The study of elastic properties by ultrasonic techniques during a heat treatment at 1500°C, showed the significant influence of the transformation from tetragonal → monoclinic martensitic transformation of zirconia and the stiffening of the glassy phase on the mechanical behavior of materials, including the development of damage at the end of the cycle. Moreover, tensile and compressive tests performed during a cooling stage, have highlighted the higher viscous-plastic behavior at high temperature of THTZ-B compared to THTZ-A. This follows a very different evolution of viscosities of the two glassy phases. Furthermore, the relationship between the stress field in this block during the annealing, and local crystallographic organization of the material was studied, in particular, by cooling under stress tests
Moreau, Jacques. "Organisation et fonction des séquences à haute teneur en adénine et thymine dans les génomes eucaryotes." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599756s.
Full textStephan, Baptiste. "Etude cinétique et microstructurale de la transformation ordre-désordre dans les alliages Ni2Cr à faible teneur en fer." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R004/document.
Full textChemical ordering in Ni-Cr alloys modifies their mechanical properties and is a potential issue for their use in pressurized water reactors. In this work, ordering kinetics have been determined by accelerated ageing on model alloys with low iron content. The Ni2Cr ordered phase appearance induces a hardness increase. Furthermore, thermoelectric power measurements have been revealed very sensitive to ordering. The iron content does not affect ordering kinetics at low temperatures (<450 °C), contrary to thermal treatments practiced on the alloys. Our results have been extrapolated to the industrial case, where the iron content is higher: ordering incubation time is estimated at 140 years at 325 °C. The nanometric size of ordered domains together with their small difference in chemical composition with the disordered matrix make their study difficult. We used advance characterizations with transmission electron microscopy to progress in their description. Thanks to the coupling of image analysis with orientation mappings, the surface proportion of ordered domains has been estimated on a control sample. Energy loss chemical maps reveal that the iron is partly segregated around ordered domains. This questions the state of order of the Ni2Cr phase, which is corroborated by quantitative microdiffractions achieved on ordered domains. At the atomic scale, analyzes show that iron substitutes preferentially for chromium in the ordered phase
Essoum, Hamida. "Oxydation à haute température des alliages Fe-Cr-Al : influence de l'humidité et rôle des précipités." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD876.
Full textDao, Duong Hanh. "Elaboration et étude du comportement à haute température en atmosphère de dioxyde de soufre de différents alliages de surface fer-bore sur le fer." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0042.
Full textChever, Fanny. "Spéciation du fer en milieu océanique, interactions avec le phytoplancton." Brest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BRES2025.
Full textAll iron (Fe) fertilizations in HNLC areas (High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll) highlighted the crucial role of this element in primary production and planktonic community structure. However, the study of its biogeochemical cycle is difficult, due to the low Fe concentrations in the Open Ocean and to its complex speciation. Many unknowns persist, in particular on the relative predominance of its sources to the oceans and on the bioavailability of the different fractions. The objectives of this PhD were to improve our knowledge on the biogeochemical cycle of Fe in seawater, in order to answer to these questions: (1) What are the sources, distribution and physical speciation of Fe in seawater, in areas characterized by contrasted Fe supplies? And (2) What are the interactions between its speciation and the biological activity? A field approach was used in order to better determine and quantify Fe sources to the ocean. Fe physical speciation was measured during two cruises, KEOPS and BONUS-GoodHope. Total dissolvable Fe was shown to be a good proxy for lithogenic inputs. Those studies showed that the soluble and colloidal Fe distributions are linked to biological activity and to the strength of organic ligands. In order to better constrain the question of Fe bioavailabllity, laboratory experiments were conducted in the framework of the BOA project, coupling rainwater, Fe speciation and biological activity, in the presence of an oceanic diatom. Two hypothesis concerning Fe bioavailability were formulated: an assimilation of colloidal fraction or an assimilation of soluble fraction followed by a rapid exchange between the two fractions
Haziza-Pigeon, Christelle. "Mise en évidence par hybridation suppressive soustractive de la surexpression de deux gènes dans le foie de souris surchargée en fer." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN1S149.
Full textRaouche, Sana. "Dynamique d’organisation des micelles de caséine et de structuration des gels laitiers : vectorisation de minéraux." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20226.
Full textIron deficiency is the most frequent nutritional disorder with serious consequences on physical and mental health at individual and nation levels. The aim of the PhD was to solve the technological problems involved in the iron fortification of the dairy products. The work firstly lay in the optimization of the carbonation process and thus in the use of milk as iron vehicle. The reversible acidification process by CO2 injection was studied and optimized. This process, without modifying milk ionic strength, brings elements of comprehension with regard to the dynamic of caseins micelles organization and dairy gel structuring. Micellar calcium phosphate (MCP) reorganization is governed by the carbonation pH, while caseins organization depends on the temperature of treatment. On opposite to enzymatic gelation, “acid” curd formation depends neither on the MCP salt form, nor on caseins organization within micelles in the range of carbonation parameters studied. Reconstituted skimmed milks fortified with FeCl2 and FeCl3 up to 20mmol Fe/kg and subjected or not to carbonation were studied within one day of storage at 30°C. 57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry shows that iron is involved in octahedral coordination with Pi and Po. The carbonation (i) improves the binding yield of iron to casein micelles (ii) the milk rennet clotting time, and (iii) accelerates Fe2+ oxidation. Bioavailability evaluation results are promising but have to be handled with caution
Michaud, Aurélia. "Interaction entre la biodisponibilité, phytotoxicité du cuivre et la nutrition en fer de graminées : mécanismes physiologiques et rhizosphériques." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0025.
Full textMathieu, François. "Etude des transformations sous haute pression des oxydes de fer submicroniques à structure spinelle : analyse structurale des mécanismes réactionnels." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30043.
Full textPallier, Virginie. "Elimination de l’arsenic par coagulation floculation et électrocoagulation d’eaux faiblement minéralisées." Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/132b8acd-9e31-4857-aa02-0020c9c316b6/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4062.pdf.
Full textThe mobilization of arsenic in the environment by naturally occurring processes results in source water contamination. While drinking water represents the main source of exposure to inorganic arsenic, this source water contamination increases the human health hazard. Thus, the maximum contaminant level of arsenic in drinking water was reduced to 10 µg/L and as a consequence new analytical methods and efficient and innovative arsenic removal processes have to be developed and optimized. Here As(III) was quantified by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry or by square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry depending on matrix composition. Both chemical and electrochemical processes as coagulation flocculation with Iron(III) salts and electrocoagulation, were optimized to remove arsenic. Their efficiency depends on arsenic speciation, pH, treatment dose and presence of organic matter. These parameters also control the arsenic removal mechanisms
Lipoff, Clarisse. "Caractérisation moléculaire du locus nik codant pour le système de transport du nickel à haute affinité chez Escherichia coli : Sous-titre." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0060.
Full textNickel is requires for anaerobic activity of three metalloprotein hydrogenase of Escherichia coli. Characterisation on nik mutants impaired in hydrogenase activity, Which could be further restored by an express og nickel, led ti the suggestion that the nik locus is involved in nickel transport into cell. Our result confirm the hypothesis. The in vivo expressed nik locus encodes five polypeptide Nik A, B, C,D, E from 59 to 25,5 kDa. The operonic organization of locus nik is suggested by phenotypic analysis of plasmid and chromosomal Tn5 insertion, and confirmed by sequencing of the entire nik locus. The consensus for the general anaerobic regulatory protein FNR and a putative binding site for a regulatory protein were found in the nik regulatory sequence. Computer comparison analysis of nik protein sequence revealed strong homologies with the oligo-peptide periplasmic transport systemprotei. The function of locus nik was clearly demonstrated by the absence of high affinity nickel mutants in the presence of magnesium ; Transport assays and resistance to nickel of cor A mutants impaired in the non specific magnesium transport, indicate that three uptake pathways for nickel are present in E. Coli
Lestienne, Isabelle. "Contribution à l'étude de la biodisponibilité du fer et du zinc dans le grain de mil et conditions d'amélioration dans les aliments de complément." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20166.
Full textSteger, Laurent. "Etude de l'accélération des ciments à haute teneur en laitier de haut-fourneaux par du chlorure de calcium." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30333.
Full textBlast furnace slags are a co-product of the metallurgical industry, used in composite cements (CEM II & III) as a partial substitution for Portland clinker and recognized in particular for their advantages in terms of lowering the heat of hydration, increased durability performance and reduced carbon footprint of concrete. Although achieving ultimate mechanical performance comparable to or better than Portland cement (CEM I), binders offering high levels of slag see the development of their mechanical strength greatly slowed down. This phenomenon is explained by a lower reactivity of the slag which requires "activation" conditions to react properly. There are various additives that accelerate the hardening of cements, among which calcium chloride shows the best performance. The effects of calcium chloride are particularly important during the first days of hydration. However, their use is strongly regulated because of the corrosive effect of chlorine on steels of reinforced concrete. The objectives of the thesis are to study the mechanisms of action of calcium chloride on cement-slag binders during the first days of hydration. A panel of experimental techniques has been used to specifically identify the action of chlorides on slag and cement. Coupled results from XRD-NMR SEM experiments show that calcium chloride causes an accelerated precipitation of portlandite and ettringite, resulting from the increase in the reaction rate of clinker. The start of the slag reaction takes place after about 12 hours, and is not impacted by the calcium chloride. On the other hand, the reaction rate of the slag increases in the presence of the accelerator. The rapid, significant and exclusive formation of Friedel salts in the presence of chloride is observed, replacing sulphated and / or carbonated AFm. Increasing the reaction rate of the anhydrous phases results in the precipitation of additional C-S-H. This formation of Friedel salts and C-S-H causes a faster filling of the porosity and the increase of the mechanical performances
Bouaouadja, Nourredine. "Etude du comportement mécanique à haute température des carbures cémentés WC-Co effet de la teneur en cobalt." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596189c.
Full textRapontchombo, Omanda Jessie. "Performances de garnitures frittées métalliques à basse teneur en cuivre pour les applications de freinage ferroviaire haute énergie." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I039/document.
Full textHigh energy railway brake materials are metallic matrix composite with complex and highly heterogeneous formulations. The technological choice towards this type of material for brake pads stems from the many performances that disc brake system must ensure: tribological performances (friction coefficient, wear), thermomechanical performances (integrity in temperature), acoustic performances (squeal). New international environmental standards, lead to evolutions of pad formulations, consisting of reduce copper content. Because of complexity of the formulations, the developments are empirical. It is proposed in this work to develop methodologies that improve the understanding of the link between the formulation of friction materials and their braking performances. The first part of the works consists of microstructural characterizations of the materials on new materials and after braking solicitations showing significant evolutions. The characterizations are coupled with measurements of the thermophysical properties. The second part of the study concerns reduced scale tests that achieve similar solicitations to full scale performance braking tests. Reduced scale samples simplify tribological analysis. The last part of the work focuses on vibroacoustic aspects by studying squeal tendency of a simplified system that highlight the role of the tribological circuit. In addition to these methodological contributions, the study shows the impact of the development axes of the new formulations. Explanations are given on the links between the formulation, properties and performances: thermomechanical, vibroacoustic and tribological. As the proposed methodologies, they must allow to improve prospective material developments
Gaviria, Sergio. "Évolution minéralogique et géochimique du fer et de l'aluminium dans des sols ferralitiques hydromorphes des Llanos orientales de Colombie : les états précoces du cuirassement." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10146.
Full textRodríguez, Feo José. "Contribution à l'étude de l'électrodécomposition des alliages zinc-fer à haute densité de courant en solution sulfurique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213477.
Full textJean, Hélène. "Chemin de fer (MOB) et organisation régionale en moyenne montagne suisse : Pays d'En Haut et Haute Sarine." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040057.
Full textThe railroad track, booming, at the end of the 19th century in the industrial countries of Europe, allowed the aristocracy and the " nouveaux riches " to move more quickly around the continent. They soon flocked to the banks of the lake " Léman ", particularly in the region of Montreux, known under the name " Rivièra Lémanique " which was covered very quickly by sumptous hotel construction. But the mountain, very close, attracted also the high society of the " Belle Epque " who wanted to be able to go there easily. To do that, appropriate means of communication were needed. By the end of the 19th century, a concession was given for a railroad line " Montreux-Oberland Bernois ". By 1901, this railroad track went up to the village " Les Avants-sur-Montreux " (978 meters high) then with service to all the inter-mountain valleys. The arrival of that train in the villages – for the important movement of tourists it created – elevated them to a well-known status as compared to Gstaad, and made fashionable for " High Society " of the time. A region was born, that of M. O. B. Growing each year without ceasing. From then on, consideration of that region was necessary for successful tourism. Finally, regardless of the chagres in tourism, the company M. O. B. Can find solutions, by adapting itself to the needs of this regional entity on one hand, but on the other hand, by extending skillfully their area of influence to the Riviera Lémanique
Lévêque, Nathalie. "Quantification de molécules biochimiques au niveau du derme humain par des techniques bio-analytiques." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA0017.
Full textBeaulieu, Ann-Marie. "Inhibition du photojaunissement des pâtes à haute teneur en lignine par ajout d'agents fluorescents : étude spectroscopique et modélisation moléculaire." Mémoire, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5976/1/M12868.pdf.
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