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Journal articles on the topic 'Harvester'
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1
Wanjura, John D., Kevin Baker, and Edward Barnes. "COTTON GINNERS HANDBOOK (2016 Revised Edition): Harvesting." Journal of Cotton Science 21, no. 1 (2017): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/axfa4722.
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The spindle picker and brush-roll stripper are the two machines used to harvest cotton produced in the U.S. Adoption of each harvester type is dictated by regional differences in production environment, production practices, cultivar, and yield. The spindle picker is a selective-type harvester that harvests seed cotton only from well-opened bolls, collecting a minimal amount of undesirable foreign material with the seed cotton. The brush-roll stripper utilizes a nonselective harvesting mechanism to indiscriminately remove mature seed cotton, immature bolls, sticks, leaves, and any other vegetative material that is easily broken off the plant. Thus, fiber quality can be reduced for stripper-harvested cotton because of the increased presence of immature fibers relative to picker-harvested cotton. Spindle pickers are more mechanically complex than brush-roll strippers and require additional daily maintenance to ensure optimum performance. Considering conventional harvesters equipped with baskets, stripper-type harvesters cost less to own and operate than spindle pickers resulting in lower harvesting costs. Regardless of harvester type, careful attention to setup and maintenance is required to achieve maximum harvesting efficiency, field productivity, and fiber quality.
2
Yarborough, David E. "A Reevaluation of Mechanical Harvester vs. Hand-raking for Wild Blueberries." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 800F—800. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.800f.
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Improvements in the Bragg harvester and the introduction of a new Nimco harvester warranted a reevaluation of new technologies. Four technologies: the Bragg harvester, a modified Bragg harvester, the Nimco prototype, and hand-harvesting were evaluated at two locations: a land-leveled field (T-19) and a field without land leveling (Deblois). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with eight replications. A 150-ft strip was harvested with each technology, with strips directly adjacent to each other to minimize field variability. Time to harvest and berry weights were measured. Poor maintenance, adjustment and skill of the operator contributed to a 69% recovery relative to hand-harvest by both the Bragg and modified Bragg harvesters. The Nimco harvester has great potential, but only if it is properly mounted to allow it to cover the fields at a speed similar to the Bragg harvesters. The land-leveled field allowed for greater recovery for the Bragg and Nimco harvester, indicating that smoother fields are more efficient for machine-harvesting.
3
Novák, Pavel, and Patrik Burg. "Evaluation of harvest losses within a full mechanised grape harvest." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 3 (2013): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361030751.
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A contribution deals with an evaluation of harvest losses within a full mechanised berries harvest using two self-propelled harvesters GREGOIRE G 152 and NEW HOLLAND VL 6060 differing in kinds of harvesting and catching mechanisms. Observation was done in vineyards of ZVOS Hustopeče joint–stock company at harvest of Müller Thurgau and Lemberger varieties in a period 2009–2010. Results gained under operating conditions showed that both self-propelled harvesters reached a comparable quality of a harvested product. There were observed losses by a slump in a case of using GREGOIRE G 152 harvester 0.8–1.45%. By using NEW HOLLAND VL 6060 the losses were 0.86–1.52% and data were gained with a respect to vine condition, the variety and the vintage. Next to losses by the slump also losses as non-harvested product were observed. Using GREGOIRE G 152 were reached 1.08–2.56% of non-harvested product losses and in a case of NEW HOLLAND VL 6060 similarly 1.17–2.22%. However a value of the non-harvested product losses cannot be perceived absolutely because in a practice the non-harvested grapes are consequently picked up manually. Total losses perceived as a sum of losses by the slump and non-harvested losses values were at GREGOIRE G 152 harvester 2–4% and at NEW HOLLAND VL 6060 harvester 2–3.7% of total hectare yield.
4
Rajarathinam, Murugesan, and Shaikh Faruque Ali. "Investigation of a hybrid piezo-electromagnetic energy harvester." tm - Technisches Messen 85, no. 9 (September 25, 2018): 541–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teme-2017-0086.
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Abstract A hybrid energy harvester combining piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction mechanisms is designed to scavenge vibration energy. The system comprises of a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric harvester and a magnetic mass hung through a spring at the free end. The beam with piezoelectric harvests electrical energy due to the strain induced in the piezoelectric patch. The hung mass oscillates in and out a solenoid to harvest energy due to electromagnetic induction. The system can generate power from any vertically oscillating vibrating host structure. This paper studies the power harvested from the hybrid harvester under harmonic excitation using experimental and analytical evaluations. Comparisons are made with the standalone piezoelectric and electromagnetic harvester under the same excitation environment. The study shows that the present hybrid harvester can harvest energy at a broad range of frequencies. Furthermore few parametric studies are carried out for understanding the device performance. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed hybrid energy harvester is compared with the existing hybrid energy harvester.
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Jiang, Bing, Fan Zhu, Yi Yang, Jingyu Zhu, Yuting Yang, and Ming Yuan. "A Hybrid Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic Broadband Harvester with Double Cantilever Beams." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020240.
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Vibration-energy harvesting is an effective strategy for replacing batteries and provides a long-term power supply to microelectronic devices. Harvesting vibration energy from human motions has attracted research attention in recent years. Here, a novel low-frequency hybrid piezoelectric and electromagnetic broadband harvester is proposed. Two parallel piezoelectric cantilever beams support the harvester and capture environmental vibration energy based on the piezoelectric effect. A permanent magnet is connected by springs to the two beams, and a fixed coil surrounds the moving permanent magnet, enabling energy conversion via the electromagnetic effect and the proof mass. The parameters influencing the output power of the harvester are optimized numerically to boost the harvester’s performance. The output power of the proposed hybrid harvester is compared with that of a piezoelectric harvester and an electromagnetic harvester. The simulation results show that the output power is significantly higher for the hybrid harvester than for the piezoelectric and electromagnetic harvesters, and the bandwidth is broader owing to the double cantilevers. An experiment is conducted using a prototype of the hybrid harvester to evaluate its output power. The results show multiple resonant peaks, an extended bandwidth, and a maximum power of 6.28 mW. In contrast, the maximum harvested power of the piezoelectric harvester is only 5.15 mW at 9.6 Hz.
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Asmar, Omar, Ranjeet Jeevan, and Azhar Iqbal. "Minimal Access Tendon Harvesting without a Harvester: A Cheap and Effective Alternative Technique Using a Plastic Yankauer Suction Tip." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 25, no. 04 (October 28, 2020): 515–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835520710010.
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Tendon grafting is a key component of hand reconstructive procedures. Commercially produced tendon harvesters facilitate this grafting process but are not always available. We present an innovative technique that allows tendon harvest to be undertaken using equipment readily available in all hospitals. Only a scalpel blade and a plastic Yankauer suction tip are required. Two simple and rapid modifications are made to the suction tip using the blade prior to its use. The described tool has been conceived, refined and used successfully by the authors, without complications, and allows tendon harvest via the standard minimally invasive approach associated with a conventional harvester. Creating this improvised harvester is neither challenging nor time-consuming, and this cheap and effective substitute allows tendon grafts to be harvested using a minimal access approach in environments where a traditional harvester is not available, or not sterile.
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Pajic, Milos, Vesna Pajic, Sanjin Ivanovic, Mico Oljaca, Kosta Gligorevic, Dusan Radojicic, Milan Drazic, and Ivan Zlatanovic. "Influence of harvester type and harvesting time on quality of harvested chamomile." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 61, no. 2 (2016): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1602201p.
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This paper is the result of studying effects of mechanical chamomile harvesting on yield and quality of harvested chamomile. Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L) Rausch.) was harvested at three time intervals (T1 - 240 days, T2 - 250 days and T3 - 260 days after sowing) by three conceptually different harvesters. The results achieved indicate that the harvester type significantly influences quality of harvested chamomile, whereas it is not influenced by chamomile harvesting time. Quality of harvested chamomile was classified into four categories, and it was observed that the greater number of rotations of a picking device increased the content of the first category of quality. The harvester A achieved 54.79% of the first category of quality in respect to the harvester B achieving 50.26% and the harvester C with 42.93%.
8
Takeda, Fumiomi, Gerard Krewer, Elvin L. Andrews, Benjamin Mullinix, and Donald L. Peterson. "Assessment of the V45 Blueberry Harvester on Rabbiteye Blueberry and Southern Highbush Blueberry Pruned to V-Shaped Canopy." HortTechnology 18, no. 1 (January 2008): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.18.1.130.
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Mechanical harvesting systems for processed blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) are available. However, low harvest efficiency and high fruit damage have limited the use of mechanical harvesters for picking blueberries for fresh market to specific cultivars under good weather conditions. New harvesting technology for fresh-market blueberries is needed. The V45 harvester was developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 1994 to harvest fresh-market-quality northern highbush (V. corymbosum) blueberries in Michigan. The current study was performed in Georgia to evaluate the V45 harvester on specially pruned rabbiteye blueberry [V. virgatum (syn. V. ashei)] and southern highbush blueberry (V. darrowi × V. corymbosum) and included analysis of harvest efficiency and fruit quality (percent blue fruit, percent bloom, percent split skin, and internal bruise damage). Six-year-old, 6- to 8-ft-tall ‘Brightwell’ and ‘Powderblue’ rabbiteye blueberry plants were winter pruned to remove vertically growing and overarching canes in the center of the bush in Jan. 2004 and Feb. 2005 respectively. Three-year-old, 3- to 5-ft-tall ‘FL 86-19’ and ‘Star’ southern highbush blueberry plants were similarly pruned in summer (June 2004) or in winter (Feb. 2005). Pruning removed an estimated 30% to 50% of the canopy and opened the middle, resulting in V-shaped plants in both rabbiteye and southern highbush blueberries. Yield of winter-pruned ‘Brightwell’ rabbiteye blueberry was lower compared with unpruned plants during both years, but winter-pruned ‘Powderblue’ rabbiteye blueberry plants produced as much as unpruned plants in 2005. In ‘FL 86-19’ southern highbush blueberry, plants that were summer pruned in June 2004 produced as much as unpruned plants in 2005, but plants that were winter pruned in Feb. 2005 had lower yields than unpruned plants in 2005. The V45 harvester caused little cane damage on pruned blueberry plants. In rabbiteye blueberries, internal fruit damage and skin splitting was less in V45-harvested fruit than in fruit harvested by a sway harvester and nearly that of hand-harvested fruit. However, in ‘FL 86-19’ southern highbush blueberry, the V45 harvester detached a lower percentage of blue fruit and excessive amounts of immature and stemmed fruit. These findings suggest that the V45 harvester has the potential to harvest some rabbiteye blueberry cultivars mechanically with fruit quality approaching that of hand-harvested fruit.
9
Carneiro, Pedro M. R., Jorge A. F. Ferreira, Andrei L. Kholkin, and Marco P. Soares dos Santos. "Towards Self-Adaptability of Instrumented Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters." Machines 10, no. 6 (May 25, 2022): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10060414.
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Motion-driven electromagnetic energy harvesting is a well-suited technological solution to autonomously power a broad range of autonomous devices. Although different harvester configurations and mechanisms have been already proposed to perform effective tuning and broadband harvesting, no methodology has proven to be effective to maximize the harvester performance for unknown and time-varying patterns of mechanical power sources externally exciting the harvesters. This paper provides, for the first time, a radically new concept of energy harvester to maximize the harvested energy for time-varying excitations: the self-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester. This research work aims to analyze the electric energy harvesting gain when self-adaptive electromagnetic harvesters, using magnetic levitation architectures, are able to autonomously adapt their architecture as variations in the excitation patterns occur. This was accomplished by identifying the optimal harvester length for different excitation patterns and load resistances. Gains related to electric current and power exceeding 100 can be achieved for small-scale harvesters. The paper also describes comprehensive case studies to verify the feasibility of the self-adaptive harvester, considering the energy demand from the adaptive mechanism, namely the sensing, processing and actuation systems. These successful results highlight the potential of this innovative methodology to design highly sophisticated energy harvesters, both for a small- and large-scale power supply.
10
Yarborouph, David E. "A COMPARISON OF THREE MECHANICAL HARVESTERS AND HANDRAKING FOR WILD BLUEBERRIES." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 600d—600. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.600d.
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Hand raking was compared to a non-mechanized machine and to two self propelled harvesters for yield and harvest time. Experimental design was split-plot replicated six times with four harvesters/plot with each raker using each machine in each plot. The machines were operated adjacent to one another. Hand raking resulted in the highest yield recovery of all harvesters. Average yield varied by raker from a high of 4831 kg/ha to a low of 3884 kg/ha. The Bluevester harvester recovered 91% of hand harvest and was 1.6 times faster than hand raking while the Darlington machine harvested one half of hand harvest in one quarter of the time. The Easy Pick recovered 81% of hand harvest but was twice as fast. Mechanical harvesters took less time but recovered fewer berries. A economic analysis is needed to fully evaluate these machines.
11
Wang, Zu Yao. "A Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester from the Vibration of Magnetic Levitation." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.594.
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Vibration-based energy harvester has been widely investigated during the past years. In .order to improve the power-generating ability and enlarge the frequency range of energy harvesters, this paper presents the design and analysis of a new magneto electric energy harvester that uses Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D laminate to harvest energy from nonlinear vibrations created by magnetic levitation. The mathematical model of the proposed harvester is derived and used in a parametric study. By multi-scale analysis, the frequency-response analysis of the system is obtained and discussed here. It is shown that the systems nonlinearity can broaden the harvesters working bandwidth, thus makes the harvester suitable to work in practical cases.
12
Karpachev, S. P., M. A. Bykovskiy, and A. V. Laptev. "Choosing harvester head for forests of Central Russia." FORESTRY BULLETIN 24, no. 6 (December 2020): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2020-6-113-118.
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Theoretical and experimental studies to substantiate the choice of a harvester head are presented. A mathematical model of the harvester’s work has been developed based on natural and production-technological factors. The results obtained make it possible to justify the dimensions of the harvester head for the Central Federal District, in particular, the maximum width of the opening of the gripping levers harvester head. When choosing the size of the harvester head, it is recommended to proceed from the fact that some of the large trees can be left in the cutting area. Felling of such trees can be done with chainsaws. If we proceed from the number and volume of harvested trees, then the width of the opening of the gripping levers harvester head for the Central Federal District can be recommended equal to 750 mm. In this case, the percentage of the harvested number of trees without taking into account the small size will be 99,8%. As for the volume of harvested wood, it is also quite high and amounts to 98,6%.
13
Murjana, I. Kadek, I. Wayan Tika, and I. Gusti Ngurah Apriadi Aviantara. "Efisiensi Kinerja Combine Harvester pada Pemanenan Padi Varietas Unggul (Studi Kasus di Desa Polongaan Sulawesi Barat)." Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) 10, no. 2 (December 10, 2021): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2022.v10.i02.p20.
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Abstrak
Waktu panen padi yang hampir bersamaan pada areal sawah yang luas dan ketersediaan tenaga kerja yang sedikit karenanya diperlukan alat bantu mekanis untuk menggantikannya, alat mekanis yang digunakan salah satunya mesin pemanen padi Combine Harvester. Mesin pemanen padi Combine Harvester tipe ridding merek Kubota DC 70 adalah mesin pertanian yang berfungsi untuk memanen padi melalui tahapan mengait, mengarahkan, memotong, merontokkan dan membersihkan gabah yang dilakukan secara terpadu dalam satu kali proses. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui efisiensi kinerja dan kebutuhan mesin Combine Harvester yang diperlukan pada pemanenan padi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahapan utama, yaitu persiapan mesin dan lahan, pengujian performansi mesin dan analisis data. Parameter yang diamati adalah lebar komplemen pemanen, kecepatan gerak maju Combine Harvester, luas lahan yang dipanen, waktu pemanenan, kapasitas kinerja teoritis, kapasitas kinerja aktual, efisiensi kinerja dan kebutuhan Combine Harvester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan kerja Combine Harvester 1,35 m/detik. Kapasitas kinerja aktual sebesar 0,574 ha/jam atau 57,4 are/ jam. Kapasitas kinerja teoritis sebesar 0,921 ha/jam atau 92,1 are/jam. Efisiensi kinerja Combine Harvester 61,6%. Kebutuhan Combine Harvester sebanyak 2 unit untuk pemanenan padi di Desa polongaan.
Abstract
The rice harvest time is almost the same in a large rice field area and the availability of a small amount of labor is therefore required mechanical tools to replace it, one of the machine tools used is the Combine Harvester rice harvester machine. Rice harvester Combine Harvester ridding type Kubota DC 70 brand is an agricultural machine that functions to harvest rice through the stages of hooking, directing, cutting, threshing, and cleaning the grain which is carried out in an integrated manner in one process. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of performance and the needs of the Combine Harvester machine needed for harvesting rice. This research consists of three main stages, namely machine and land preparation, machine performance testing, and data analysis. The parameters observed were the width of the complement of the harvester, the speed of advance of the Combine Harvester, the area of land harvested, the time of harvesting, the theoretical performance capacity, the actual performance capacity, the performance efficiency, and the needs of the Combine Harvester. The results showed that the working speed of the Combine Harvester was 1.35 m/sec. The actual performance capacity is 0.574 ha/hour or 57.4 are/hour. The theoretical performance capacity is 0.921 ha/hour or 92.1 are/hour. Combine Harvester's performance efficiency at 61.6%. The need for a Combine Harvester is 2 units for harvesting rice in the village of pods.
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Zhu, Guang Hong, and Yan Bin Liu. "A Novel Full Stressed Energy Harvester with Varied Thickness." Key Engineering Materials 847 (June 2020): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.847.135.
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This study developed a novel full stressed energy harvester composed of a cantilever with varied thickness in the length direction to harvest energy from ambient vibrations. This harvester owns a higher efficiency of energy harvesting when compared with the harvester of a uniform cross section, since the maximum bending stress is constant in each cross section. The current available models for cantilever harvesters are inapplicable to the new improved fully stressed harvester due to its unique shape. By employing Rayleigh-Ritz method, a corresponding governing equation is hence developed to model the full stressed harvester for estimating the efficiency. The influence of the geometry on the generated electric power is also discussed for the full stressed harvester. The results show that the full stressed harvester can double the electric power generated by the uniform harvester, and the full stressed harvester has a lower natural frequency.
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Manoj, K., V. Narayanamurthy, and S. Korla. "Performance of a Cantilever Energy Harvester under Harmonic and Random Excitations." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.15772.
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The technique of harvesting the energy from base structural vibration through a piezoelectric transducer attached at an appropriate location on the vibrating structure is gaining popularity in recent years. Although the amount of energy harvested depends on the type and magnitude of base excitation, the energy harvest under random excitation as compared to equivalent harmonic excitations is not yet well understood and is investigated in this paper through a cantilever energy harvester. Initially, the energy harvested under harmonic excitations is numerically simulated and experimentally validated under increasing base accelerations with different load resistances. Subsequently, the performance of this energy harvester is experimentally studied under random excitations. The results demonstrate that the harvested energy (a) reaches maximum value when the base excitation matches the natural frequency of the harvester, (b) increases with the increase in base accelerations irrespective of the type of excitation, and (c) increases by 2-14 times under random excitations as compared to equivalent harmonic excitations i.e. under same energy input. It is recommended that the energy harvester be used in aerospace structures where random vibration amplitude is higher, to harvest more energy.
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Bonnin, Michele, Fabio L. Traversa, and Fabrizio Bonani. "An Impedance Matching Solution to Increase the Harvested Power and Efficiency of Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters." Energies 15, no. 8 (April 9, 2022): 2764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082764.
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Circuit theory and nonlinear dynamics are instrumental to design efficient energy harvesters for ambient mechanical vibrations. In this work, we show that an impedance matching networks can be designed that maximizes the harvested power, and improves the power efficiency. The proposed matching network achieves impedance matching at a single frequency, that can be chosen at will by the designer, and does not need to coincide with the resonant frequency of the harvester. Moreover, the matching network also increases the harvested power over a wide frequency bandwidth. According to our numerical simulations, the matching network increases the maximum harvested power by a factor greater than 3, and the power harvested over the whole frequency spectrum by a factor of 6. The frequency bandwidth can be further extended considering nonlinear energy harvesters. Even using the matching network designed for the linear case, performance is significantly nonetheless improved for the nonlinear harvester.
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Shang, Jian Dong, Zhuo Wang, and Dong Fang Hu. "Research on the Leaf-Stripping Device of Whole Stalk and Small-Scale Sugarcane Combine Harvester." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 1181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.1181.
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This paper describes the sugarcane planting area in our country, and explains the present situation of mechanized harvest. It expounds the existing problems in the mechanized process of the sugarcane harvested region. In addition, it introduces the structure of the leaf-stripping device on the small-scale and whole stalk typical sugarcane harvester, analyzes the process leaves off in the sugarcane combine harvester,meanwhile it supplies a good design plan for the leaf-stripping device of sugarcane harvester.
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Xin, Lili, and Jihui Liang. "DESIGN OF A NEW POTATO COMBINE HARVESTER." Acta Mechanica Malaysia 5, no. 2 (2022): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/amm.02.2022.44.46.
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There are two ways to harvest potatoes. One is to harvest potatoes with a large potato combine harvester. The excavated potatoes are screened by one-and two-level screening and conveying devices, and then collected and conveyed by a collection device moving forward in parallel with the harvester, which is energy-intensive because the harvester is large. The other is to harvest potatoes with various small potato combine harvesters. Among them, the simplest one is a small potato combine harvester with only a one-level ordinary rod screening and conveying device. The excavated potatoes are simply screened only by a conveying screen running flatwise, and then directly fall on the ground for artificial collection, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. In view of the above problems, a small potato combine harvester with compact structure, high harvest efficiency and good potato quality was designed in this paper. The proposed harvester comprises a frame, a soil cutting plate, an excavation device, six levels of potato separation conveying devices, a potato collection device and a drive system. The one-level separation conveying device uses the quincunx-shaped vibrator to vibrate the potato soil mixture conveyed by the excavation device slightly at high frequency, which crushes large clods while keeping potatoes from rolling and colliding, reducing the damage of potatoes; the two-level separation conveying device uses the finger-shaped claw conveying device to break up small clods; the three-level separation conveying device has soil dumping function; the four-level separation conveying device uses a roller brush to brush off the soil attached to potato skins. The disk rotation shafts of the five-level separation conveying device make the potatoes roll forward to further remove the residual soil. The proposed harvester realizes automated potato excavation, separation, conveying and harvesting, and improves the potato harvest efficiency and quality. The results of this paper can provide some reference for the design and optimization of potato combine harvesters.
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Santinato, Felipe, Carlos Diego da Silva, Rouverson Pereira da Silva, Antônio Tassio Silva Ormond, Victor Afonso Reis Gonçalves, and Roberto Santinato. "Operational cost of mechanized harvesting of first-crop coffee." Australian Journal of Crop Science, no. 13(09):2019 (September 20, 2019): 1503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.09.p1727.
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The use of adapted harvesters for harvesting first-crop coffee requires a lower cost and exhibits a higher efficiency than manual harvesting. In view of this, the present study aimed to analyze the operational cost of mechanized harvesting of first-crop coffee. The experiment was conducted in a factorial scheme (2 × 3) + 1 and outlined in randomized blocks with five replications. There were seven treatments: two automotive harvesters (conventional and adapted) with times of operations for each harvester (1, 2 and 3 time operations) and manual harvesting. We tested these treatments in a young coffee crop planted in Catalão, GO, irrigated by Pivot, with 1.5 m of height. We measured the lost coffee, coffee harvest, remaining coffee before the operation to obtain efficient parameters and with the prices of the operations and the costs of the treatments. When operated once and three times, the adapted harvester required a lower transfer cost than the conventional harvester. Moreover, the adapted harvester showed no difference in cost between each operation. The cost reduction by mechanized harvesting varied from 23.96 to 59.9 %, depending on the frequency of the mechanized operations. In conclusion, it is efficient to harvest the young coffee with the adapted harvesters reducing the cost of coffee harvesting.
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Patten, Kim D., Elizabeth W. Neuendorff, and Gary Nimr. "Quality of ‘Tifblue’ Rabbiteye Blueberries and Efficiency of Machine Harvesting at Different Times of Day." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 6 (November 1988): 953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.6.953.
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Abstract Fruit from 7- and 8-year-old ‘Tifblue’ rabbiteye blueberry [Vaccinium ashei (Reade)] plants were harvested at 0600, 0900, 1200, and 1500 hr. Harvests occurred twice a season for each of 2 years. Fruit cullage after machine harvesting averaged ≈30% of total fruit harvested. The first machine harvest in a season had 6% to 16% less cullage than the last harvest. The number of mature fruit remaining on the plants after harvesting decreased with later harvest times during the day. Thus, an increase in harvester efficiency corresponded to decreased leaf water potential. The effect of harvest time during the day on packout and fruit quality after storage was inconsistent between and within years. There was no optimum time of day to machine-pick blueberries when fruit were promptly sorted and cooled after harvest.
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Alexander, Travis Robert, Jaqueline King, Edward Scheenstra, and Carol A. Miles. "Yield, Fruit Damage, Yield Loss, and Juice Quality Characteristics of Machine- and Hand-harvested ‘Brown Snout’ Specialty Cider Apples Stored at Ambient Conditions in Northwest Washington." HortTechnology 26, no. 5 (October 2016): 614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03474-16.
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In this 2-year study, ‘Brown Snout’ specialty cider apples (Malus ×domestica) that had been hand harvested or machine harvested with an over-the-row shake-and-catch small fruit harvester were ambient stored (56 °F mean temperature) for 0, 2, and 4 weeks to evaluate yield, fruit damage, yield loss, and juice quality characteristics. The average yield (pounds per acre) of fruit picked and retained by the mechanical harvester was 74% that of the hand-harvest yield and 81% that of the hand-harvest yield when fruit that fell out of the harvester was included in the machine-harvest yield. Percent fruit bruised and cut were greater for machine harvest (97.5% and 25.5%, respectively) than for hand harvest (47% and 0.5%, respectively), on average for 2014 and 2015. Yield loss to rot was greater for machine harvest than for hand harvest, and increased for both methods over time; percent rot doubled from 2 to 4 weeks storage for machine harvest (22% to 41%), and while negligible, tripled from 2 to 4 weeks storage for hand harvest (0.7% to 2.1%). Juice quality characteristics did not differ due to harvest method, but did differ due to year and storage time. Soluble solids concentration [SSC (%)] and specific gravity (SG) did not change due to storage in 2014, but in 2015, SSC and SG were greater on average for 2 and 4 weeks storage duration (15% and 1.062, respectively) than at harvest (13.31% and 1.056, respectively). Titratable acidity (grams per liter malic acid) decreased in 2014 from 2.98 g·L−1 at harvest to 2.70 g·L−1 on average for 2 and 4 weeks storage duration, but did not differ due to storage in 2015. Tannin [tannic acid equivalent (%)] was unchanged in 2014 from harvest to 4 weeks storage, but increased in 2015 from 0.16% at harvest to 0.19% by 4 weeks storage. These results indicate that harvest efficiency could be improved with some engineering modifications of the over-the-row mechanical harvester and training modifications for the trees. A comparison of the aromatic and phenolic contents of mechanically harvested and hand-harvested ‘Brown Snout’ would be a valuable next step in evaluating shake-and-catch mechanical harvest technology for cider apple production.
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Wang, Guoqiang, Li Wang, Yafei Yang, and Xingqin You. "Optimal Design of Harvesting Speed and Forward Speed of Harvester Based on Adaptive Control System." Journal of Sensors 2022 (September 27, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4176942.
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The working efficiency of the combine harvester is still very low. It is an important way to realize mechanization to optimize the cutting speed of the harvester and the forward speed of the cutter without increasing economic input. In view of this, the present study briefly summarized the current structure of combine harvester systems. A new type of adaptive control system of combine harvesters was designed from the angle of cutting speed and forward speed of cutter. The sugarcane test base was taken as the test field, and the best matching speed was obtained with the goal of high efficiency of combine harvester and minimum sugarcane damage rate. In the test of cutting speed and forward speed of combine harvester, the optimal cutting speed under different forward speed conditions was recorded. The test results showed that the designed adaptive control system of the combine harvester could control the cutting speed and forward speed of the cutter well. The cutting speed and forward speed adaptive control system can realize the response to the input parameters and meet the design requirements of the harvester. This study can improve the economic benefits of the combine harvester and the quality of the harvested crops.
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Karpachev, S. P., M. A. Bykovskiy, and A. V. Laptev. "Method of selecting a harvester manipulator." FORESTRY BULLETIN 25, no. 1 (February 2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-1-123-129.
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Theoretical and experimental studies to substantiate the choice of a manipulator for a harvester are presented. A mathematical model of the harvester's operation has been developed based on natural and production-technological factors, as well as the characteristics of the machine base and the harvester head. The characteristics of the manipulator have been substantiated, in particular, the maximum reach and load moment of the manipulator for the given parameters of the base machine and the selected harvester head. When choosing a manipulator, it is recommended to proceed from the fact that some part of large trees can be left in the cutting area or dumped with chainsaws. It has been established that the manipulator boom reach within the range from 8 to 11 m has little effect on the volume and number of harvested trees. The percentage of the harvested volume of wood depends little on the boom reach of the manipulator and remains at least 90 %.
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Sargent, Steven A., Fumiomi Takeda, Jeffrey G. Williamson, and Adrian D. Berry. "Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberry with a Modified, Over-The-Row Mechanical Harvester: Use of Handheld Shakers and Soft Catch Surfaces." Agriculture 10, no. 1 (December 21, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10010004.
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Fresh market southern highbush blueberries are typically hand-harvested which requires an extensive labor force over a relative short period of time. With rising production costs and labor availability issues, interest in mechanical harvesting options is increasing. In 2017, an over-the-row (OTR) harvester was modified to reduce purchase cost while making hand labor more efficient. The picking heads were removed and dual worker stations were added on each side of the unit. Handheld olive shakers were suspended at each station. Experimental catch plates were installed on one side of the OTR harvester and soft, inclined surfaces over the rigid conveyors on both sides. ‘Meadowlark’ and ‘Farthing’ blueberries were harvested with this system and compared to those manually harvested by a commercial harvest crew. Samples from each harvest method were then commercially cooled and mechanically harvested fruit were commercially packed to determine packout data. Fruit firmness, bruise severity and composition were determined after one day at room temperature (22 °C) and after seven and fourteen days of storage at 1 °C. Average packout was very high for mechanically harvested fruit, 87% for ‘Meadowlark’ and 91% for ‘Farthing’. Initial firmness of both cultivars was lower for mechanically harvested fruit (208 g/mm) than hand-harvested fruit (243 g/mm). Fruit from the three treatments softened during storage, and although ‘Meadowlark’ remained firmer than ‘Farthing’ during storage, there were no differences due to catch surfaces. Hand-harvested fruit had no severe bruising (>20% of cut surface area) at harvest, increasing to 2% after seven days, while mechanically harvested fruit from both fruit collection surfaces had 3% initial severe bruising that increased to 22% during storage. ‘Farthing’ had slightly higher soluble solids content and significantly higher total titratable acidity compared to ‘Meadowlark’. Additional modifications must be made to the next-generation OTR harvester to further reduce blueberry harvest and handling impacts.
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Guo, Xiao Jun, Lei Lei Gao, Tai Yong Wang, and Zhen Nan Li. "Research on Agricultural Harvester Data Detection System Based on Remote Monitoring." Advanced Materials Research 819 (September 2013): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.819.165.
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On-line detection system of the harvester is an outcome from combination of modern computer technology and communication technology in harvester operations applications. With the help of the various sensors, the harvest yield, running routes, and threshing wheel speed, etc. are measured. These information and parameter are indicator of the harvesters working status. They are detected, processed, packed, and transmitted to the computer server in monitoring center via a wireless network. On the monitoring center server, the transmitted data is processed further, fault data are inspected, reliability data is calculated. Meanwhile, the harvester is controlled according to accepted data.
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Masara, David Omooria, Hassan El Gamal, and Ossama Mokhiamar. "Split Cantilever Multi-Resonant Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Low-Frequency Application." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 5077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165077.
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This paper presents a new way to design a broadband harvester for harvesting high energy over a low-frequency range of 10–15 Hz. The design comprises a cantilever beam with two parallel grooves to form three dissimilar length parallel branches, each with an unequal concentrated tip mass. The piezoelectric material covers the whole length on both sides of the beam to form a bimorph. Appropriate geometry and mass magnitudes are obtained by a parametric study using the Finite Element Method. The design was simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics to study its response. The first three bending modes were utilized in energy harvesting, resulting in three power peaks at their respective fundamental frequencies. The adequate load resistance determined was 5.62 kΩ, at which maximum power can be harvested. The proposed harvester was compared to two other harvesters presented in the literature for validation: First, an optimized conventional harvester while the proposed harvester is operating at adequate load resistance. Second, a multimodal harvester, while the proposed harvester is operating at a 10 kΩ load. The suggested harvester proved to be more efficient by harvesting sufficiently higher broadband energy and is applicable in a wide range of vibration environments because of its adaptability in design.
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Astafyev, V. L., and E. V. Zhalnin. "Efficiency Evaluation of Grain Harvesters of Different Types under North Kazakhstan Conditions." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 12, no. 3 (July 26, 2018): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-3-17-21.
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The problem of selecting certain types of grain combine harvesters is quite urgent now. This is because the agricultural manufacturers are struggling to make a right selection of a grain harvester of a definite firm or make due to the aggressive marketing from the manufacturers. (Research purpose) Efficiency evaluation of grain harvesters of different types under the North Kazakhstan weather conditions. (Materials and methods) Technical and economic research has been performed according to the standard methodology followed by data analysis. The calculation has been made for direct combining by 4, 5 and 6-class harvesters equipped with widecut headers from leading domestic and foreign manufacturers. (Results and discussions) the authors have also calculated direct costs for thrashing of one ton of grain under favorable harvesting conditions, total costs for thrashing of one ton of grain including grain losses under unfavorable harvesting conditions, as well as total costs for thrashing of one ton of grain considering that 30% of grain is harvested under favorable harvesting conditions and 70% - under the ones. (Conclusion) It has been found that the price of thrashing of one ton of grain that characterizes the efficiency of utilizing grain harvesters depends on the price/efficiency ratio of a harvester, yield and harvesting conditions. Combine harvesters of a lower class with the optimum price/efficiency ratio are more preferable under favorable harvesting conditions. However, in case of the harvest period prolongation due to unfavorable harvesting conditions, combine harvesters of a higher class are more preferable.
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Malaji, P. V., Suresh Doddi, Michael I. Friswell, and Sondipon Adhikari. "Analysis of pendulums coupled by torsional springs for energy harvesting." MATEC Web of Conferences 211 (2018): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821105008.
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Harvesting energy from ambient sources has been a recent topic of interest. A typical linear harvester is effective only near resonance, limiting its frequency bandwidth. In order to increase the efficiency and bandwidth of harvesters, various strategies have been proposed. Using multiple harvesters in a single device can harvest enough power over wider frequency band. In the present work, the effect of torsional coupling of the harvesters for low frequency vibration energy harvesting is investigated. Two pendulums with electromagnetic induction as the energy conversion mechanism is proposed. The performance of the device is studied theoretically and numerically. Cubic polynomials are used to model the pendulum nonlinearity. Fundamental harmonic oscillation are assumed to obtain the analytical solution. The effect of torsional coupling and pendulum length on the power harvested are reported.
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Shan, Xiaobiao, Haigang Tian, Han Cao, Ju Feng, and Tao Xie. "Experimental Investigation on a Novel Airfoil-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Aeroelastic Vibration." Micromachines 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2020): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11080725.
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This paper presents a novel airfoil-based piezoelectric energy harvester (EH) with two small square prisms attached to an airfoil. This harvester can achieve a two degree-of-freedom (DOF) plunge–pitch motions. Several prototypes of energy harvester were fabricated to explore the nonlinear aerodynamic response and the output performance in a wind tunnel. The experimental results showed that the longer the flexible spring was, the lower the critical velocity and frequency of the harvester were, and the better aerodynamic response and output performance could be achieved. The initial disturbance, the following limit-cycle oscillation, and the ultimate chaos of nonlinear response occurred, as increasing airflow velocity was increased. The overall output performance of the harvesters with a flexible spring having a thickness of 1 mm outperformed than that of the harvesters with a flexible spring having a thickness of 0.5 mm at a higher airflow velocity, while the tendency was opposite at a lower velocity. An optimum output voltage of 17.48 V and a power of 0.764 mW were harvested for EH-160-1 at 16.32 m/s, which demonstrated it possessed better performance than the other harvesters. When the capacitor was charged for 45 s and directly drove a sensor, it could maintain working for 17 s to display temperature and humidity in real time.
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Sudarti. "PROSPEK PENGGUNAAN MESIN PANEN PADI COMBINE HARVESTER DI DESA KARANG MULYA SEMENDAWAI TIMUR OKU TIMUR." Jurnal Bakti Agribisnis 2, no. 02 (November 1, 2016): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53488/jba.v2i02.42.
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The purpose of this study is to: (1) To calculate the cost, revenue and income obtained from the use of Combine Harvester rice harvesting machine in Karang Mulya Village, East Semendawai District, OKU Timur Regency, (2) To analyze the feasibility of using Combine harvest machine Harvester in Karang Mulya Village, East Semendawai Sub-district, OKU Timur Regency, (3) To know the prospect of Harvesters Combine Harvester harvesting machine in Karang Mulya Village, East Semendawai District, especially in East OKU Regency. The research will be conducted in Karang Mulya Village, East Semendawai District, OKU Timur Regency. Determination of the location is deliberately determined because in the village of Karang Mulya most of the population work as rice farmers. When harvest season comes the farmers are constrained by the limited labor harvest so that there are respondents who took the initiative to seek the harvesting machine harvesting rice harvester. The research will be conducted in March 2015. The study found that the total production cost incurred by the respondents in the Harvesting Combine Harvester harvesting machine business in Karang Mulya Village amounted to Rp 871,710,000, the business income was Rp 1,107,270,000 so the income received was Amounting to Rp 235,560,000. Harvesting machine harvesting Combine Harvester in Karang Mulya village feasible financially to be developed, it can be known from the calculation of business NPV value of Rp 109,848,197, IRR value is 58.10% and Net B/C value of 1,52.
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Wah Thong, Li, Yu Jing Bong, Swee Leong Kok, and Roszaidi Ramlan. "The Effect of Axial Displacement of Magnets in Piezoelectric Energy Harvester." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.7 (July 4, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.7.16221.
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The utilization of vibration energy harvesters as a substitute to batteries in wireless sensors has shown prominent interest in the literature. Various approaches have been adapted in the energy harvesters to competently harvest vibrational energy over a wider spectrum of frequencies with optimize power output. A typical bistable piezoelectric energy harvester, where the influence of magnetic field is induced into a linear piezoelectric cantilever, is designed and analyzed in this paper. The exploitations of the magnetic force specifically creates nonlinear response and bistability in the energy harvester that extends the operational frequency spectrum for optimize performance. Further analysis on the effects of axial spacing displacement between two repulsive magnets of the harvester, in terms of x-axis (horizontal) and z-axis (vertical) on its natural resonant frequency and performance based on the frequency response curve are investigated for realizing optimal power output. Experimental results show that by selecting the optimal axial spacing displacement, the vibration energy harvester can be designed to produce maximized output power in an improved broadband of frequency spectrum.
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Sargent, Steven A., Fumiomi Takeda, Jeffrey G. Williamson, and Adrian D. Berry. "Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberry with a Modified, Over-the-Row Mechanical Harvester: Use of Soft-Catch Surfaces to Minimize Impact Bruising." Agronomy 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 1412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071412.
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Harvest of fresh market, southern highbush blueberries (SHB) is labor intensive and costly, leading to a demand for alternative harvest methods. Recent research has shown potential for mechanically harvesting blueberries with minimal bruising by using a modified over-the-row (OTR) harvester. For two harvests, SHB cultivars Optimus and Vireo were either hand-harvested (HH) or mechanically harvested (MH) by two commercial harvesters, one unmodified with standard hard-catch surfaces (HCS) or by the other modified with soft-catch surfaces (SCS). For Harvest 1, fruit from all harvest methods were hand-sorted into the following categories: blue fruit (marketable), red fruit, green fruit and culls. Samples from each cultivar and treatment were then held at 24 °C overnight, and the following day firmness and impact bruise severity were determined. Harvest 2 had identical harvest treatments; however, the fruit were sorted on a commercial packing line prior to packing in clamshells (n = 16). A subsample was held overnight as in Harvest 1 for bruise severity rating, while the remaining fruit were stored at 1 °C for 14 days (d). Although percent marketable fruit was more affected by cultivar than harvest method, determination of bruise severity revealed the benefit of harvest with SCS over HCS for both cultivars. The former had 16–26% severe bruising, compared to 27–40% for the latter; HH had 1–4%. During storage, HH fruit remained firmer than HCS and SCS, which were similar. After 14 d, firmness for “Optimus” was 239 N (HH), 157 N (HCS and SCS) and for “Vireo” it was 189 (HH), 155 N (HCS and SCS). Fruit weight loss increased during storage (1.1–4.4%), but there was no difference due to catch plate surface. SSC, TTA and Ratio were not affected by catch surface type or storage period within cultivar. Using modifications such as “soft” catch surfaces on currently available OTR harvesters reduces impact bruise damage; however, impacts incurred during commercial packing operations can negate this effect. MH for fresh market blueberries may provide an economical alternative for blueberry growers; however, with current technology, the fruit should be utilized within a week of harvest.
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Joukhadar, Israel S., Stephanie J. Walker, and Paul A. Funk. "Comparative Mechanical Harvest Efficiency of Six New Mexico Pod–type Green Chile Pepper Cultivars." HortTechnology 28, no. 3 (June 2018): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03999-18.
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New mexico pod–type green chile (Capsicum annuum) is one of New Mexico’s leading horticultural commodities. Cultivated acreage of green chile in New Mexico is threatened because of the high cost and insufficiently available labor for hand harvest. Therefore, mechanization is necessary to sustain the industry. Successful mechanization depends on harvester design coupled with plant architecture that optimizes harvest yield and quality. Harvested green fruit must be whole, unbroken, and unblemished for fresh and processed markets, so harvester design and plant architecture must maximize yield while minimizing fruit damage. In two trials conducted at the New Mexico State University Agricultural Science Center in Los Lunas, six cultivars (AZ-1904, Machete, PHB-205, E9, PDJ.7, and RK3-35) were evaluated for plant architecture and harvest efficiency with a double, open-helix mechanical harvester with two counter-rotating heads. Cultivars were direct seeded on 17 Apr. 2015 and 14 Apr. 2016 and managed according to standard production practices. Plant architecture traits, plant width, plant height, height to first primary branch, distance between first primary branch and first node, basal stem diameter, and number of basal branches were measured before harvest. Mechanical harvest yield components, which included marketable fruit, broken fruit, ground fall losses, unharvested fruit remaining on branches, and nonpod plant material, were assessed after once-over destructive harvests on 2 Sept. 2015 and 31 Aug. 2016. Fruit width, fruit length, and pericarp thickness were measured from a representative sample of 10 marketable fruit. In 2015, ‘AZ-1904’ and ‘PDJ.7’ had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more marketable yield than ‘Machete’ that had the least marketable yield. No statistically significant differences were found in marketable yield in 2016. When both years were combined, ‘PDJ.7’ had significantly more nonpod plant material harvested and the plants were taller than all other cultivars. We found mechanical harvest performance to be significantly affected by plant height, with shorter plants yielding less marketable fruit. Despite differences in fruit wall thickness, no significant differences were measured in broken fruit. In 2015, ‘AZ-1904’ had significantly less basal branches per plant, reducing obstruction for the picking mechanism. Harvest efficiencies (marketable harvested fruit yield as a percentage of total plot yields) ranged from 64.6% to 39.3% during this 2-year trial, with the highest harvesting cultivars PDJ.7 and AZ-1904. In the future, all new mexico pod–type green chile breeding efforts for mechanical harvest must incorporate desirable plant architecture traits to increase harvest efficiencies.
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Usharani, Ramalingam, Gandhi Uma, Mangalanathan Umapathy, and Seung-Bok Choi. "A Novel Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using a Multi-Stepped Beam with Rectangular Cavities." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 29, 2018): 2091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112091.
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In vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesters, one of the major critical issues is increasing the bandwidth and output voltage simultaneously. This manuscript explores a new technique for broadening the operating frequency range and enhancing the output voltage of the piezoelectric material-based energy harvester by appropriate structural tailoring. The wide bandwidth and the improvement in harvested output are accomplished by means of a multi-stepped cantilever beam shaped with rectangular cavities. The harvester is mathematically modeled and analyzed for modal characteristics. It was demonstrated from the outcome that the first two consecutive mode frequencies could be brought closer and the output power was large at both the resonant frequencies compared to the regular cantilever beam energy harvester. The results obtained from experimentation were in agreement with analytical results.
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He, Xue Feng, Yao Qing Cheng, Jun Gao, and You Zhu. "A Curled Piezoelectric Cantilever for Two Dimensional Vibration Energy Harvesting." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.469.
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To harvest ambient vibration energy of different directions, a micromachined vibration energy harvester which can harvest two-dimensional vibration energy was proposed. The harvester is composed of a curled piezoelectric cantilever, a proof mass and the substrate. One end of the cantilever is fixed onto the substrate and the other end is connected with a proof mass. It is the residual stress of micromachining processes that causes the cantilever to curl. A proof-of-concept prototype of the two-dimensional vibration energy harvester was assembled and tested to evaluate the performance. Experimental results show that the vibration direction with the highest energy scavenging efficiency changed with the frequency of the ambient vibration. The vibration energy of any direction in the neutral plane of the curled cantilever can be harvested by using the first two natural vibration modes of the prototype.
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Marshall, Dale E. "386 MECHANICAL ASPARAGUS HARVESTING STATUS--WORLDWIDE." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 486d—486. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.486d.
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For over 86 years producers, processors, engineers, and equipment manufacturers have attempted to mechanize the harvest of asparagus. Over 60 U.S. patents have been issued. Probably the most sophisticated harvester tested was started in 1987 by Edgells Birdseye, Cowra, Australia. After successful field tests of the 3-row, selective (fiber optic), harvester for flat-bed green asparagus used in canning, 3 more were built at a cost of $US 4.5 million, and harvested 500 acres until 1991 when the company ceased canning. Recovery was 30 to 80% with 50% being typical. Wollogong University in Australia is now researching a selective (fiber optic), harvester for flat-bed green asparagus. It utilizes multiple side-by-side 3 in. wide by 24 in. dia. rubber gripper discs which rotate at ground speed. No harvester prototype has been commercially acceptable to the asparagus industry due to poor selectivity, low overall recovery (low yield relative to hand harvest), mechanical damage to spears, low field capacity per harvester, or overall harvesting costs that exceed those for hand harvesting. The reality may be that asparagus production will cease in the traditional geographical areas where growing costs and labor costs are high, although niche fresh markets may help some growers survive.
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Miklašēvičs, Ziedonis. "EVALUATION OF DAMAGE OF ROUNDWOOD ASSORTIMENTS CAUSED BY VARIED CONSTRUCTION, TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS AND CONDITIONS OF HARVESTER HEAD FEED ROLLERS." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 16, 2021): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol3.6609.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the depth of damages caused by harvester head feed roller spikes to birtch veneer logs, harvested according to top diameter group (18x25cm, 25cm), spruce sawlogs (6x10cm), spruce and pine sawlogs according to top diameter group (10x14cm, 14x18cm). Thirteen technical solutions and conditions of the harvester head soft feed rollers (Moipu Standard, Rib), standard feed rollers (Multi-Tree Handling (MTH), Steel Thumbnail) and agreesive feed rollers (TP) were tested in this study.Regulation parameters of hydraulic system and angles of delimbing knife blades during the harvesting of stems in different woodland types and seasonality using single grip harvesters: John Deere 1270E, John Deere 1070E and John Deere 1070D equipped with harvester heads: H754; H480C and H460 were examined in clearcutting and thinning operations in twenty four wood felling sites in Kurzeme and Vidzeme region of Latvia.
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Motsenbocker, Carl E., J. Blair Buckley, William A. Mulkey, and James E. Boudreaux. "MECHANICAL HARVEST OF HOT PEPPERS AS INFLUENCED BY PLANT SPACING." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 663f—663. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.663f.
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Field studies were conducted in 1991 with `Jalapeno-M' and `TAM' Jalapeno pepper. Plants were established by direct seeding at 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm in-row plant spacing. Lodged plants, fruit quality and yield were monitored. A commercial snap-bean harvester was evaluated for harvest. Closer plant spacings resulted in greater yields and reduced plant lodging. No interaction of variety with plant spacing was observed. There were, however, differences in several yield parameters due to variety. Fruit quality characteristics of mechanically and hand harvested pepper stored at 6 C were similar. The use of the mechanical snap-bean harvester appears to be a feasible technique to harvest Jalapeno pepper.
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Nastro, Alessandro, Nicola Pienazza, Marco Baù, Pietro Aceti, Markku Rouvala, Raffaele Ardito, Marco Ferrari, Alberto Corigliano, and Vittorio Ferrari. "Wearable Ball-Impact Piezoelectric Multi-Converters for Low-Frequency Energy Harvesting from Human Motion." Sensors 22, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030772.
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Multi-converter piezoelectric harvesters based on mono-axial and bi-axial configurations are proposed. The harvesters exploit two and four piezoelectric converters (PCs) and adopt an impinging spherical steel ball to harvest electrical energy from human motion. When the harvester undergoes a shake, a tilt, or a combination of the two, the ball hits one PC, inducing an impact-based frequency-up conversion. Prototypes of the harvesters have been designed, fabricated, fastened to the wrist of a person by means of a wristband and watchband, and experimentally tested for different motion levels. The PCs of the harvesters have been fed to passive diode-based voltage-doubler rectifiers connected in parallel to a storage capacitor, Cs = 220 nF. By employing the mono-axial harvester, after 8.5 s of consecutive impacts induced by rotations of the wrist, a voltage vcs(t) of 40.2 V across the capacitor was obtained, which corresponded to a stored energy of 178 μJ. By employing the bi-axial harvester, the peak instantaneous power provided by the PCs to an optimal resistive load was 1.58 mW, with an average power of 9.65 μW over 0.7 s. The proposed harvesters are suitable to scavenge electrical energy from low-frequency nonperiodical mechanical movements, such as human motion.
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Zhou, Deyi, Pengfei Hou, Yuelin Xin, Xinlei Lv, Baoguang Wu, Haiye Yu, Jinsong Zhang, and Qiang Zhang. "Study on the Control of Torque Distribution of 4WD Corn Harvester Operation Drive." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (October 1, 2021): 9152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199152.
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In response to the poor adaptability of existing harvesters to complex operating conditions in the field, this study took a three-row four-wheel-drive (4WD) corn harvester as the research object, designed a traveling transmission system layout, proposed a control strategy of driving torque distribution, simulated, and analyzed each of the four states of harvester drive wheels slippage. The results showed that under the driving wheels slipping condition, after applying torque control, the adjustment time was 43.3% shorter than that without control in the case of single wheel slipping, 11.1% shorter than that without control in the case of two wheels slipping on the same axle, 41.4% shorter than that without control in the case of two wheels slipping on different axles, and 36.6% shorter than that without control in the case of three driving wheels slipping. The application of drive torque distribution control could significantly improve the traction and passing ability of the corn harvesters during operation, as well as made the harvester travel more smoothly, thus improving the harvest quality. The drive torque distribution control can be applied not only to the three-row corn harvester, but also to other types of harvesters, and self-propelled agricultural machinery to enhance their adaptability, improving their operation quality. It has a significant reference value for the development of the driving system on walking agricultural machinery.
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Machado, Túlio de A., Haroldo C. Fernandes, Clarice A. Megguer, Nerilson T. Santos, and Fabio L. Santos. "Quantitative and qualitative loss of tomato fruits during mechanized harvest." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 22, no. 11 (November 2018): 799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n11p799-803.
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ABSTRACT The use of mechanization in the harvesting of industrial tomatoes provides greater yield and speed of this stage. However, mechanical intervention in this process may alter the physiology of harvested fruits. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure the quantitative losses of tomato fruits and to verify the physico-chemical behavior of fruits harvested based on physicochemical analysis in harvesters with different hours of use. Three self-propelled harvesters of the same brand and model with different working hours were used. Manually selected or undamaged fruits were harvested; afterwards, mechanized harvesting was carried out. Firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content (°Brix), pH, weight loss and fruit status classification proposed by the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Food Supply of 2002 were evaluated. Quantitative losses were divided into: losses on vines, losses on soil and total losses. It was found that the number of hours worked by the harvester did not affect the quantitative losses. The amount of overall damage in a certain amount of fruit is greater when the harvester has a greater number of hours worked. Mechanized harvesting affected the physical attributes of the fruits, such as firmness and percentage of weight loss.
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Kaliyannan, Devarajan. "Nonlinear dynamics and parametric study of snap through electromagnetic vibration energy harvester using multi-term harmonic balance method." Energy Harvesting and Systems 7, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2020-0004.
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Abstract Vibration energy harvester (VEH) has proven to be a favorable potential technique to supply continuous energy from ambient vibrations and its performance is greatly influenced by the design of potential structures. A snap-through mechanism is used in an electromagnetic energy harvester to improve its effectiveness. It mainly comprises of three springs that are configured so that the potential energy of the system has two stable equilibrium points. In this work, a harmonically base excited snap-through electromagnetic vibration energy harvester is investigated by analytical and semi-analytical method. The approximate analytical outcomes are qualitatively and quantitatively supported by semi-analytical method using multi-term harmonic balance method (MHBM).The bifurcation diagram of response current shows that snap-through electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters exhibits periodic intrawell, interwell and chaotic motion when the system parameters are varied. The influence of system parameters on the response of snap-through electromagnetic vibration energy harvester are examined. Nonlinearity produced by the snap-through oscillator improves energy harvesting so that the snap-through electromagnetic energy harvester can outperform the linear energy harvester in the similar size under harmonic excitation. A fitness function was formulated and optimization of the selected parameters was done using genetic algorithm. The parametric optimization leads to a considerable improvement in the harvested current from the system.
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Baz, Amr M. "Energy harvesting using an acoustic metamaterial." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010770.
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Acoustic energy is harvested using a piezoelectric-based metamaterial. The considered metamaterial harvester consists of a multi-cell array of acoustic cavities, which are provided with piezoelectric boundaries in a one-dimensional arrangement. Once impacted by an incident parasitic acoustical energy, these boundaries convert this acoustical energy into useful electrical energy. An ANSYS finite element model is developed to model the dynamics of the multi-field energy harvesting, predict the harnessed power, and optimize the performance of the piezoelectric-based metamaterial when coupled with an external load. The predictions of the ANSYS model are validated against the predictions of a lumped-parameter model of the harvester, which is based on the equivalent electrical analog of the harvester. Excellent agreement is observed between the predictions of ANSYS and the lumped-parameter models. The predictions of the models are validated experimentally using a prototype of the harvester consisting of five cells each of which is manufactured from acrylic cylinders provided with piezoelectric bimorphs This arrangement enables harnessing the energy by the two sides of the bimorph in order to maximize the extracted power of the harvester. The frequency characteristics of the output power of the harvester are determined in relation to the bandgap characteristics of the periodically structured metamaterial. The presented work lays down the foundation for two and three-dimensional metamaterial energy harvesters.
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Moss, Wesley M., Andrew L. Guzzomi, Kevin J. Foster, Megan H. Ryan, and Phillip G. H. Nichols. "Harvesting subterranean clover seed – current practices, technology and issues." Crop and Pasture Science 72, no. 3 (2021): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp20269.
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Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is Australia’s most widely sown annual pasture legume. Its widespread use as a pasture plant requires a well-functioning seed production industry, and Australia is the only significant producer of subterranean clover seed globally. However, the sustainability of this industry is under threat due to its reliance on ageing harvest equipment and the resultant environmental impacts. In order to evaluate seed harvesting practices, technology, and issues, we report on case studies, workshops, and a survey of seed producers across southern Australia. The Horwood Bagshaw Clover Harvester, designed in the 1950s, remains the most popular subterranean clover seed harvester. We discuss its use and modifications, and document several contemporary issues facing the seed production industry. Issues are primarily soil erosion and degradation; the expensive, slow and labour-intensive harvest process; and poor reliability and maintainability of harvesters that are now at least 30 years old. We conclude the root cause of these issues is the suction harvest technology utilised by the Horwood Bagshaw Clover Harvester. Analysis of the current harvest system is provided to support the development of new approaches to harvest subterranean clover seeds.
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Ramos, Carlos R. G., Kléber P. Lanças, Gabriel A. de Lyra, and Jefferson Sandi. "Fuel consumption of a sugarcane harvester in different operational settings." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 20, no. 6 (June 2016): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n6p588-592.
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ABSTRACT The interventions performed during the mechanized harvesting are essential to improve the operational performance of sugarcane harvesters and reduce operational costs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the fuel consumption of a sugarcane harvester in different forward speeds and engine rotations. Harvesting was conducted in a green cane plot, with the variety RB 855156. Flow meters were installed in the harvester's fuel supply system and an electronic device was used for data acquisition. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme (3 x 2), using three engine rotations and two forward speeds, with six replicates. Harvesting capacity and fuel consumption per hour, per area and per ton of harvested sugarcane were analyzed. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test. The variations in engine rotation did not affect the performance for harvesting capacity, but influenced fuel consumption. Forward speed influenced both harvesting capacity and fuel consumption.
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Golpira, Hiwa, Francisco Rovira-Más, Hemin Golpira, and Verónica Saiz-Rubio. "Mathematical model-based redesign of chickpea harvester reel." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 19, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): e0203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021191-16391.
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Aim of study: This paper presents a mathematical modeling approach to redesign the reels of chickpea harvesters for harvest efficiency.Area of study: A prototype chickpea harvester was designed and evaluated on the Dooshan farm of the University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.Material and methods: The strategy used for reducing harvesting losses derived from the dynamic study of the reel applied to the chickpea harvester. The machine was designed such that bats of a power take-off (PTO)-powered reel, in conjunction with passive fingers, harvest pods from anchored plants and throw the pods into a hopper. The trochoid trajectory of the reel bats concerning reel kinematic index, and plant height and spacing was determined for redesigning the reel.Main results: This kinematic design allowed an estimation of the reel orientation at the time of impact. The experimentally validated model offers an accurate and low computational cost method to redesign harvester reels.Research highlights: The new chickpea harvester implemented with a four fixed-bat reel, a height of 40 cm above the ground for the reel axis, and featuring a kinematic index of 2.4 was capable of harvesting pods with harvesting efficiency of over 70%; a significant improvement in harvesting performance.
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Hossain, MA, MA Hoque, MA Wohab, MA M. Miah, and MS Hassan. "Technical and economic performance of combined harvester in farmers field." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 2 (August 20, 2015): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v40i2.24569.
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Labour scarcity, harvesting loss, timely harvesting and harvesting cost are crucial in rice and wheat harvesting in Bangladesh. Combine harvester is a newly introduced harvesting machine in Bangladesh. This study was undertaken to evaluate the technical and economic performance of combine harvester available in farmers? field and farmer?s perception regarding the use of combine. Field tests of two new (CLASS andDaedong) and two refresh (Kukje and Anower) combine harvesters were conducted for harvesting rice and wheat in the farners? field of Jessore, Pabna,Dinajpurand Thakurgaon districts during 2011-12. Primary data were collected from 30 adopter and 30 non-adopter farmers from each district of Bogra, Rangpur, Dinajpur and Thakurgaon through direct interviewingduring 2012-13. Information was also collected from different combine harvester traders available in Bangladesh. Average time, cost and grain saving by combine harvester over manual methods were 97.50, 35.00 and 2.75%, respectively. Benefit cost ratio of CLASS, Daedong, Kukje and Anower combine harvesters were found to be 2.68, 2.11, 2.29 and 2.70, respectively. The payback periods of refresh combine harvesters were lower than the new combine harvester. There were some mechanical problems observed in refresh combine harvesters during field operations. New harvester was observed almost trouble free and popular to the famers. Scarcity of spare parts and mechanic service were the main problems for repair and maintenance of the combine harvesters in farm level. Considering the technical performance of combine harvester and demand of the farmers, new combine harvester may be introduced in commercial basis in Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 291-304 June 2015
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Ahmad, Khairul Azman, Noramalina Abdullah, Mohamad Faizal Abd Rahman, Muhammad Khusairi Osman, and Rozan Boudville. "Characterization of Polyvinylidene Difluoride-based Energy Harvesting with IDE Circuit Flexible Cantilever Beam." Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 605–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.1.33.
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Piezoelectric energy harvesting is the process of extracting electrical energy using energy harvester devices. Any stress in the piezoelectric material will generate induced voltage. Previous energy harvester device with stiff cantilever beam was generated low harvested energy. A flexural piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed to improve the generated harvesting energy. Polyvinylidene difluoride is a polymer piezoelectric material attached to a flexible circuit made of polyimide. Four interdigitated electrode circuits were designed and outsourced for fabrication. The polyvinylidene difluoride was then attached to the interdigitated electrode circuit, and a single clear adhesive tape was used to bind them. Four piezoelectric energy harvesters and ultrasonic ceramic generators were experimentally tested using a sieve shaker. The sieve shaker contains a two-speed oscillator, with M1=0.025 m/s and M2=0.05 m/s. It was used to oscillate the energy harvester devices. The resulting induced voltages were then measured. Design 4, with the widest width of electrode fingers and the widest gap between electrode fingers, had the highest power generated at an output load of 0.745 µW with the M2 oscillation speed. The oscillation speed of the sieve shaker impacted the energy harvester devices as a higher oscillation speed gave higher generated power.
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Xie, Zhengqiu, Jitao Xiong, Deqi Zhang, Tao Wang, Yimin Shao, and Wenbin Huang. "Design and Experimental Investigation of a Piezoelectric Rotation Energy Harvester Using Bistable and Frequency Up-Conversion Mechanisms." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091418.
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Harvesting energy from rotational motion for powering low-power electrical devices is attracting increasing research interest in recent years. In this paper, a magnetic-coupled buckled beam piezoelectric rotation energy harvester (MBBP-REH) with bistable and frequency up-conversion is presented to harvest low speed rotational energy with a broadband. A buckled beam attached with piezoelectric patches under dynamical axial load enables the harvester to achieve high output power under small excitation force. The electromechanical coupling dynamical model is developed to characterize the MBBP-REH. Both the simulations and experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the harvesters in various conditions under different excitations. The experimental results indicate that the proposed harvester is applicable for low speed rotation and can generate stable output power under wideband rotating excitation. For the harvester with two magnets that produce attractive forces with the center magnet of the buckled beam, the average power is 682.7 μW and the maximum instantaneous power is 1450 μW at 360 r/min.
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Tien, Meng-Hsuan, and Kiran D’Souza. "Method for controlling vibration by exploiting piecewise-linear nonlinearity in energy harvesters." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 476, no. 2233 (January 2020): 20190491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0491.
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Vibration energy is becoming a significant alternative solution for energy generation. Recently, a great deal of research has been conducted on how to harvest energy from vibration sources ranging from ocean waves to human motion to microsystems. In this paper, a theoretical model of a piecewise-linear (PWL) nonlinear vibration harvester that has potential applications in variety of fields is proposed and numerically investigated. This new technique enables automatic frequency tunability in the energy harvester by controlling the gap size in the PWL oscillator so that it is able to adapt to changes in excitations. To optimize the performance of the proposed system, a control method combining the response prediction, signal measurement and gap adjustment mechanism is proposed in this paper. This new energy harvester not only overcomes the limitation of traditional linear energy harvesters that can only provide the maximum power generation efficiency over a narrow frequency range but also improves the performance of current nonlinear energy harvesters that are not as efficient as linear energy harvesters at resonance. The proposed system is demonstrated in several case studies to illustrate its effectiveness for a number of different excitations.