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Journal articles on the topic "Harts Range (N T )"
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Bell, Steve, Elspeth Pennington, James Hill, and Joanna Harrison. "Prehospital airway management." Journal of Paramedic Practice 14, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2022.14.2.51.
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The prehospital emergency airway management is a key moderating factor for patient survival and mortality rates. There has been much debate around the optimum method of prehospital emergency airway management. This commentary critically appraises a recent systematic review which assesses the harms and benefits of three different airway management strategies for a range of emergency clinical scenarios. Commentary on: Carney N, Totten AM, Cheney T et al. Prehospital Airway Management: A Systematic Review. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2021;1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10903127.2021.1940400
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Miller, Peter, Amy Pennay, Rebecca Jenkinson, Nicolas Droste, Tanya Chikritzhs, Stephen Tomsen, Phillip Wadds, et al. "Patron offending and intoxication in night-time entertainment districts (POINTED): A study protocol." International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research 2, no. 1 (March 8, 2013): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i1.74.
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Miller, P., Pennay, A., Jenkinson, R., Droste, N., Chikritzhs, T., Tomsen, S., Wadds, P., Jones, S. C., Palmer, D., Barrie, L. & Lubman, D. I. (2013). Patron offending and intoxication in night-time entertainment districts (POINTED): A study protocol. International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research, 2(1), 69-76. doi: 10.7895/ijadr.v2i1.74 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i1.74)Risky alcohol consumption is the subject of considerable community concern in Australia and internationally, particularly the risky drinking practices of young people consuming alcohol in the night-time economy. This study will determine some of the factors and correlates associated with alcohol-related risk-taking, offending and harm in and around licensed venues and night-time entertainment precincts across five Australian cities (three metropolitan and two regional). The primary aim of the study is to measure levels of pre-drinking, drinking in venues, intoxication, illicit drug use and potentially harmful drinking practices (such as mixing with energy drinks) of patrons in entertainment areas, and relating this to offending, risky behaviour and harms experienced. The study will also investigate the effects of license type, trading hours, duration of drinking episodes and geographical location on intoxication, offending, risk-taking and experience of harm. Data collection involves patron interviews (incorporating breathalysing and drug testing) with 7500 people attending licensed venues. Intensive venue observations (n=112) will also be undertaken in a range of venues, including pubs, bars and nightclubs. The information gathered through this study will inform prevention and enforcement approaches of policy makers, police and venue staff.
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Stallings, Sarah C., Jennifer Cunningham-Erves, Carleigh Frazier, Jabári S. Ichimura, Thelma C. Hurd, Jordan Jurinsky, Amber Acquaye, Jacquelyn S. Dalton, and Consuelo H. Wilkins. "Development and Validation of the Perceptions of Research Trustworthiness Scale to Measure Trust Among Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups in Biomedical Research in the US." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 12 (December 29, 2022): e2248812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.48812.
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ImportanceHistorically, trust in biomedical research has been lower among minoritized racial and ethnic groups who are underrepresented in and excluded from research, with the same groups experiencing worse health outcomes. Unfortunately, instruments that measure trust may not capture components of trust relevant to minoritized racial and ethnic groups.ObjectiveTo develop and validate a scale to measure trust in biomedical research among minoritized racial and ethnic groups.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional, community-based survey study compared trust and distrust in biomedical research among Black, Latino, and White subgroups in the US using the Perceptions of Research Trustworthiness (PoRT) scale. The scale was developed between March 22, 2016, and September 19, 2018, as part of this study, and its structure, reliability, and validity were examined during pilot (n = 381) and validation (n = 532) phases between February 4, 2019, and July 27, 2021. Convenience samples of adult participants (aged ≥18 years) were recruited locally (Nashville, Tennessee, and San Antonio, Texas) and nationally through the ResearchMatch and Cint online platforms.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOverall and individual item Trust and Distrust subscale scores were compared. Overall Trust and Distrust scores were compared by race and ethnicity using a Kruskal-Wallis H test and individual item scores were compared using independent samples t test.ResultsOf the 532 participants in the scale validation study, 144 (27.1%) were Black, 90 (16.9%) were Latino, and 282 (53.0%) were White. Participants had a median age of 43 years (range, 18-90 years), 352 (66.2%) were women, and 198 (37.2%) had educational attainment levels less than a college degree. Factor analysis of the 18-item PoRT scale revealed a 2-factor structure with two 9-item PoRT subscales (Trust and Distrust), which demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.72 and 0.87, respectively). Mean (SD) Trust subscale scores were lower among Black (34.33 [2.02]) and Latino (34.55 [1.97]) participants compared with White participants (36.32 [1.81]; P < .001). Mean (SD) Distrust subscale scores were higher among Black (21.0 [2.15]) and Latino (20.53 [2.21]) participants compared with White participants (18.4 [2.03]; P < .001). Individual item results showed that Black and Latino participants were less trusting and more distrusting than White individuals on items related to risks, harms, secrecy, confidentiality, and privacy.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that the PoRT scale incorporates trust and trustworthiness concepts relevant among Black and Latino individuals and may allow more precise assessment of trust in research among these groups.
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Pietraß, Tanja, Paul K. Burkert, and Hans H. Karsch. "7Li-Solid-State-NMR of [Li(N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine)] CLO4 and [Li (N,N,N', N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine)2] Al(CH3)4." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 47, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1992): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1992-1-220.
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Abstract The temperature dependent 7Li-solid-state-NMR spectra of the two compounds [Li(N,N,N',N'- tetramethylethylenediamine)]ClO4 and [Li(N,N,N\N tetramethylethylenediamine)2]Al(CH3)4 are presented. Both compounds were investigated in the temperature range 160 K ≦ T ≦ 360 K. Above room temperature, the spectra for the tetramethylaluminate show the typical line shape for a first-order quadrupolar-disturbed central transition with an axially symmetric asymmetry parameter and a slightly positive temperature dependence of the quadrupole coupling constant. The mean temperature coefficient ά = + 9 • 10-4 K -1 . The quadrupole coupling constant is in the range of 36-39 kHz. In the Temperature range 240 K ≦ T ≦ 275 K the quadrupolar splitting cannot be resolved. Below 240 K the quadrupole coupling constant is about 100 kHz. Contrarily, in the Perchlorate the quadrupole coupling constant is 75 kHz and is temperature independent. With increasing temperature the satellites lower in intensity and the central transition undergoes motional narrowing
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Weber, G., C. Cougnard, M. H. Simonot-Grange, J. P. Bellat, and O. Bertrand. "t-Curves for n-Hexane." Adsorption Science & Technology 9, no. 4 (December 1992): 258–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749200900404.
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The adsorption and desorption isotherms of n-hexane on powdered alumina and silica have been studied at 25°C over a wide range of relative pressures. Two t-curves for pore structure analysis are proposed, one for alumina (C = 12) and the second for silica (3 ≤ C ≤ 9). The statistical thickness t of the adsorbed n-hexane layer has been drawn as a function of the relative pressure assuming a maximal thickness of 0.55 nm and a mean thickness of 0.42 nm for the monolayer. The results are discussed in relation to previous published data.
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Maris, Thierry. "N,N,N-Tributylbutan-1-aminium (T-4)-(cyano-κC)trihydroborate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 69, no. 11 (October 26, 2013): o1713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536813028924.
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In the crystal structure of the title salt, C16H36N+·CH3BN−, the tetra-n-butylammonium cations and [BH3(CN)]−anions are connectedviaweak C—H...N interactions, forming chains along theb-axis direction. The anion is almost linear with an N—C—B angle of 178.7 (2)°. The C—N—C angle values at the core of the tetra-n-butylammonium cation range from 105.74 (11) to 111.35 (11)° with an average of 109.49 (11)°, close to the ideal tetrahedral value.
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Herranz, Daniel, Alberto Ambesi-Impiombato, Teresa Palomero, Stephanie A. Schnell, Laura Belver, Agnieszka A. Wendorff, Luyao Xu, et al. "N-Me, a Long Range T-Cell Specific Oncogenic Enhancer in T-ALL." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.487.487.
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Abstract Over the last years, numerous studies have dissected the mutational landscape of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) resulting in the identification of numerous oncogenes and tumor suppressors implicated in T-cell transformation. However, most genetic abnormalities found in cancer are located in intergenic regions, whose role in cancer development, if any, remains poorly understood. Here we hypothesized that recurrent cancer-associated intergenic mutations, amplifications and deletions may implicate strong transcriptional regulatory sequences responsible for the activation of key oncogenic factors in the pathogenesis of T-ALL. To address this question, we first used ChIPseq analysis to map the genomic landscape of enhancer sequences controlled by NOTCH1, a critical T-ALL oncogene activated by mutations in over 60% of human T-ALLs. In addition, we performed high resolution aCGH analysis of somatic chromosomal amplifications and deletions in a comprehensive series of 160 T-ALL samples. These analyses revealed recurrent focal duplications at chromosome 8q24 in 8/160 (5%) T-ALL cases in an area devoid of protein-coding genes containing a prominent 1 kb NOTCH1-binding peak. Strikingly, this putative oncogenic element is located +1,427 kb 3’ from the MYC locus and chromatin configuration 3C analysis demonstrated its direct association with the MYC proximal promoter. Multispecies DNA sequence alignment revealed remarkable conservation of this region in mammals, birds and reptiles and local ChIP analysis revealed bona fide active enhancer features including P300 occupancy and high levels of H3K4me1 with low levels of H3K4me3. In addition, detailed analysis of epigenetic marks across 64 hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cell lines and tissues revealed that his regulatory element is located within a major superenhancer specifically active in T-cells. Based on these results, we proposed that this regulatory sequence, hereby named N-Me for NOTCH-bound MYCenhancer, could function as an important regulatory element driving the activation of MYC downstream of NOTCH1 in T-ALL. Consistently, luciferase reporter assays showed strong, orientation-independent and NOTCH-dependent activation of reporter constructs containing N-Me in association with a -2.5 kb MYC proximal promoter in JURKAT T-ALL cells. Next and to formally test the functional relevance of this enhancer in T-cell development and transformation we generated and characterized N-Me knockout and conditional knockout mice. N-Me null animals were viable and showed a marked and selective reduction in thymus size and cellularity as their only developmental alteration. Detailed immunophenotypic analysis of N-Me knockout thymocytes demonstrated accumulation of double negative 3 (DN3) T cells and marked reductions in double positive and CD4+ and CD8+ single positive cells. Mechanistically, this phenotype was associated with a marked reduction in Myc expression in DN3, DN4 and ISP cells. Moreover, transplantation of N-Me knockout bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors demonstrated that this phenotype is cell autonomous, and can be rescued upon retroviral expression of MYC. Next, we analyzed the role of N-Me in the induction of NOTCH-driven leukemias by transplanting mice with N-Me wild-type and knockout hematopoietic progenitors infected with retroviruses expressing a mutant constitutively active form of NOTCH1 (ΔE-NOTCH1). In this context, mice transplanted with ΔE-NOTCH1-infected N-Me wild type cells developed T-ALL with 100% penetrance 6 weeks after transplant. In contrast, mice transplanted with ΔE-NOTCH1-N-Me knockout cells showed complete resistance to NOTCH1-induced transformation remaining 100% leukemia-free at 15 weeks post-transplant. In addition, secondary deletion of N-Me in established NOTCH1 induced leukemias from tamoxifen-inducible N-Me conditional knockout mice (Rosa26TMCre N-Meflox/flox) induced profound antileukemic effects with extended survival and almost complete suppression of leukemia initiating cell activity. Altogether, these results identify N-Me as the first long range oncogenic enhancer directly implicated in the pathogenesis of human leukemia. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Quintás-Cardama, Alfonso, Hagop Kantarjian, and Jorge Cortes. "T Cell Blast Phase (T-BP) of Chronic Myelogenous Leuikemia (CML)." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4560.4560.
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Abstract Approximately 65% of patients with CMP BP exhibit a myeloid phenotype, 30% a lymphoid, and 5% of cases have and undifferentiated or mixed phenotype. Most cases of lymphoid BP are of B-cell origin. Only anecdotal cases of T-BP have been reported. To evaluate the incidence and outcome of T-BP, we reviewed 410 patients with CML who underwent transformation to BP at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center between January 1999 and April 2007. Six cases (4 female) were diagnosed as having T-BP (incidence 1.5%). Three patients presented initially with T-BP whereas 3 other cases evolved to T-BP from chronic phase. The median time from diagnosis to transformation was 8 months (range, 0–72). The median age was 50 years (range, 24–66), median white blood cell count at presentation 20.5x109/L (range, 2.6–104), hemoglobin 11.2 g/dL (range, 10.6–13.6), platelet count 139x109/L (range, 20–295), peripheral blood blasts 6% (range, 0–100), and bone marrow blasts 20% (range, 2–88). All but 1 presented with extramedullary disease: 2 with lymphadenopathy, 2 with lymphadenopathy and mediastinal mass (including 1 also with pericardial tamponade), and 1 with splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and granulocytic sarcoma of the breast. Four patients had an immunophenotype consistent with byphenotypic T-cell/myeloid leukemia and 2 exhibited an exclusive T-cell phenotype. Three patients expressed a b2a2 BCR-ABL1 transcript (p210), whereas 1 carried b2a2+b3a2 (p210), 1 e1a2 (p190), and 1 expressed an e13b2+e14a2 (p210) transcript at the time of transformation but this switched to e1a2 (p190) during the course of dasatinib therapy. Three patients had failed prior therapies, including interferon-alpha (n=3), high dose imatinib (n=1), and matched-unrelated stem cell transplantation (SCT; n=1) at the time of transformation. Initial therapy for T-BP consisted of chemotherapy: hyper-CVAD in 3 patients (in 1 case with imatinib 600 mg daily), VAD in 1 patient, and a combination of idarubicin and ara-C in 2 cases (1 of them with imatinib 600 mg daily and dexamethasone). Only the 2 patients treated with chemotherapy and imatinib responded, achieving a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) that lasted 3 and 14 months, respectively. Subsequent therapy in the remainder 4 patients consisted of high-dose imatinib (600–800 mg daily; n=4), which was administered for a median of 27 months (range, 0.5–87), dasatinib (n=1), autologous SCT (n=1), allogeneic SCT (n=1), and other chemotherapeutic regimens (n=4). One of the patients treated with imatinib (600 mg daily) achieved a complete molecular response (CMR) that is ongoing after 87 months of therapy. The patient treated with dasatinib (70 mg twice daily) achieved a CCyR. This patient presented the previously unreported K271R ABL kinase domain mutation prior to the start of dasatinib therapy. At the time of dasatinib failure, DNA expansion of specific clones followed by DNA sequencing detected the dasatinib-resistant mutations V299L and F317L in 80% and 20% of clones, respectively. Currently, 4 patients are dead while 2 are still alive, 1 in CMR receiving imatinib and 1 in CCyR after allogeneic SCT. In conclusion, T-BP is a rare variety of BP CML, which frequently exhibits extramedullary disease and high resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. Long-term responses can be achieved with ABL kinase inhibitors and/or allogeneic SCT.
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KATAEV, BORIS M., and JOACHIM SCHMIDT. "Brachypterous ground beetles of the Trichotichnus subgenus Bottchrus Jedlička (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from the Himalaya, with description of fifteen new species." Zootaxa 4323, no. 3 (September 22, 2017): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4323.3.1.
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The paper deals with the taxonomy of brachypterous species of the subgenus Bottchrus Jedlička, 1935 of the genus Trichotichnus Morawitz, 1863 occurring in the Himalayan region. The following new species are described: T. (B.) baglungensis sp. n. from the Baglung Lekh mountain range, Baglung District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) parvulus sp. n. from Mt. Panchhase and the Krapa Danda mountain range, Kaski District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) bubsaensis sp. n. from the eastern slope of the middle Dudh Koshi Valley near Bubsa, Solu Khumbu District, eastern Central Nepal; T. (B.) schawalleri sp. n. from the western slope of the Arun Valley, Bhojpur District, East Nepal; T. (B.) obliquebasalis sp. n. from the Khimti Khola Valley near Shivalaya, Dolakha District, eastern Central Nepal; T. (B.) panchhaseensis sp. n. from Mt. Panchhase, Kaski District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) siklesensis sp. n. from the Sikles mountain range on the southern slope of Annapurna Peak II, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) pusillus sp. n. from the south-western slopes of Manaslu Himal (Bara Pokhari Lekh and Dudh Pokhari Lekh mountain ranges), and from the south-eastern slope of Annapurna Himal (Telbrung Danda mountain range), Lamjung District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) ganeshensis sp. n. from the south-western slope of Ganesh Himal, Nuwakot District, Central Nepal; T. (B.) minutus sp. n. from the mountains surrounding the Kathmandu Valley (Shivapuri Lekh, Mt. Phulchoki), Central Nepal; T. (B.) gupchiensis sp. n. from the Gupchi Danda mountain range on the south-eastern slope of Manaslu Himal, Gorkha District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) brancuccii sp. n. from the southern slope of the Helambu mountain range, Sindhupalchok District, Central Nepal; T. (B.) manasluensis sp. n. from the Bara Pokhari Lekh mountain range on the south-western slope of Manaslu Himal, Lamjung District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) sikkimensis sp. n. from Pelling near Geyzing, West Sikkim, India; T. (B.) martensi sp. n. from the western slopes of the Singalila mountain range, Taplejung District, East Nepal. The following four species are redescribed: brachypterous T. (B.) holzschuhi Kirschenhofer, 1992; T. (B.) cyanescens Ito, 1998; T. (B.) hingstoni Andrewes, 1930; and dimorphic T. (B.) birmanicus Bates, 1892; and new data on their distribution are provided. The lectotype is designated for T. hingstoni Andrewes, 1930. The following two new synonyms are proposed: Trichotichnus birmanicus Bates, 1892 = T. (Bellogenus) probsti Kirschenhofer, 1992, syn. n., and T. hingstoni Andrewes, 1930 = T. (Pseudotrichotichnus) curvatus Ito, 1996, syn. n. The brachypterous and dimorphic species of Bottchrus known from the Himalaya are divided into eight informal groups based mostly on the degree of reduction of hindwings and the configuration of the median lobe of the aedeagus, and their relationships are briefly discussed. The distributional data of all these species are mapped.
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Farenick, D. R. "C*-Convexity and Matricial Ranges." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 44, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 280–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1992-019-1.
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AbstractC* -convex sets in matrix algebras are convex sets of matrices in which matrix-valued convex coefficients are admitted along with the usual scalar-valued convex coefficients. A Carathéodory-type theorem is developed for C*-convex hulls of compact sets of matrices, and applications of this theorem are given to the theory of matricial ranges. If T is an element in a unital C*-algebra , then for every n ∈ N, the n x n matricial range Wn(T) of T is a compact C* -convex set of n x n matrices. The basic relation W1(T) = conv σ-(T) is well known to hold if T exhibits the normal-like quality of having the spectral radius of β T + μ 1 coincide with the norm ||β T + μ 1|| for every pair of complex numbers β and μ. An extension of this relation to the matrix spaces is given by Theorem 2.6: Wn (T) is the C*-convex hull of the n x n matricial spectrum σn(T) of T if, for every B,M ∈ ℳn, the norm of T ⊗ B + 1 ⊗ M in ⊗ ℳn is the maximum value in {||∧⊗B + 1 ⊗M|| : Λ ∈ σn (T)}. The spatial matricial range of a Hilbert space operator is the analogue of the classical numerical range, although it can fail to be convex if n > 1. It is shown in § 3 that if T has a normal dilation N with σ (N) ⊂ σ (T), then the closure of the spatial matricial range of T is convex if and only if it is C*-convex.
Book chapters on the topic "Harts Range (N T )"
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Rusinamhodzi, Leonard, James Njeru, John E. Sariah, Rama Ngatoluwa, and Phlorentin P. Lagwen. "Tillage effect on agronomic efficiency of nitrogen under rainfed conditions of Tanzania." In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development, 246–55. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0014.
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Abstract Nitrogen (N) deficiency is a common feature in soils managed by smallholder farmers in Africa. Crop residue retention, in combination with no-till (NT), may be a pathway to improve agronomic use efficiency of applied N for small-scale farmers under the predominant rainfed conditions. This chapter reports on the results of a study carried out over two cropping seasons in the long rains of 2014 and 2015 on two sites: (i) on-farm (Mandela); and (ii) a research station (SARI) in eastern Tanzania. The experiment consisted of two tillage systems, conventional tillage (CT) and Conservation Agriculture (CA), with a minimum of 2.5 t ha-1 crop residue cover maintained in the plots during the experiment. CT consisted of soil inversion through tillage and removal of crop residues. In the on-farm experiment, maize was grown in plots with four rates of N application: 0, 27, 54 and 108 kg N ha-1. In the on-station trial, five rates were used: 0, 20, 40, 60 and 100 kg N ha-1. Maize yield and agronomic efficiency (AE) of N were used to assess and compare the productivity of the tested treatments. The results showed that tillage, soil type and rate of N application influenced crop productivity. In the clay soils, the differences between tillage practices were small. Under CT, AE ranged between 21.6 and 53.9 kg/kg N, and it was 20.4-60.6 kg/kg N under CA. The lowest fertilizer application rate of 27 kg ha-1 often had the largest AE across the soil types and tillage practices. In the on-station trials at SARI, the largest AE of 24.6 kg/kg N was recorded under CA with 40 kg N ha-1. As in the on-farm trials, the highest N application rate on-station did not lead to the largest AE. In the CT, AE ranged between 11.5 and 16.8 kg/kg N compared with a range of 15.1 to 24.6 kg/kg N for the CA treatment. Overall, crop residue retention, in combination with NT, is important to improve soil moisture and use efficiency of applied nutrients. Additionally, the initial soil fertility status is also important in determining the magnitude of short-term crop response to applied nutrients. Innovative pathways are needed to achieve the multiple objectives played by maize crop residues for results reported here to be sustainable. However, efficiency of nutrient use needs to be assessed, together with returns on investments, as small yields may mean high nutrient use efficiency but not necessarily significant increased returns at the farm level.
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Taber, Douglass F. "The Rawal Synthesis of N-Methylwelwitindolinone D Isonitrile." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0105.
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The complex polycyclic structure of N-methylwelwitindolinone D isonitrile 3 was assigned in 1999. The welwitinines show an intriguing range of biological activity, including reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in human carcinoma cells. Viresh H. Rawal of the University of Chicago described (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 5798) the first synthesis of 3, using as a key step the Pd-catalyzed cyclization of 1 to 2. The ketone 1 was assembled by the convergent coupling of 7 with 11. The indole 7 was readily available by Batcho-Leimgruber cyclization of commercial 4 to 5. The expected 3-acylation followed by N -methylation delivered the stable ketone 6. The unstable 7 was prepared as needed. The anisole 8 was the starting material for the preparation of the alicyclic diene 11. Although this synthesis was carried out in the racemic series, enantiomerically enriched 9 could be prepared by Shi epoxidation of the β,γ-unsaturated ketone from Birch reduction The alcohol 7 was not stable to silica gel chromatography. The mixture of 11 with the crude alcohol 7 was therefore activated by the addition of TMSOTf, then added via cannula to aqueous HClO4 in THF to deliver the coupled product 1 as a single diastereomer. The remarkable cyclization of 1 to 2 required extensive screening. Eventually it was found that a combination of ( t -Bu)3 P with Pd(OAc)2 as the Pd source worked well. This concise convergent synthetic strategy makes the welwitinine core 2 available in gram quantities. There were two problems to be solved in the conversion of 2 to 3. The first was the installation of the oxy bridge. Indoles are notoriously sensitive to overoxidation. Nevertheless, addition of an acetone solution of dimethyl dioxirane to the bromo ketone 12 over 24 hours gave clean conversion to 13. The remaining challenge was the conversion of the aldehyde of 13 to the isonitrile. Kim had described the inversion of an oxime to the isothiocyanate. Optimization of this protocol led to the thiourea 14 as the best for this transformation. Mild desulfurization then delivered N -methylwelwitindolinone D isonitrile 3.
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"Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries." In Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries, edited by Enzo Acuña, Alex Cortés, and María Teresa Cabrera. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874004.ch10.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Eight species of grenadiers are captured in the fisheries for the demersal squat lobsters <em>Cervimunida johni </em>and <em>Pleuroncodes monodon </em>and deep sea shrimp <em>Heterocarpus reedi </em>in northern and central Chilean waters (21°34–38°29S and 70–617 m depth)<em>: Coelorinchus aconcagua, C. chilensis, C. fasciatus, Coryphaenoides delsolari, Lucigadus nigromaculatus, Nezumia pulchella, Trachyrincus helolepis </em>and <em>T. villegai. </em>Several species were caught beyond their previously known geographical range in Chile, including <em>C. aconcagua </em>(north to 21°34’S), <em>N. pulchella </em>(south to 35°41’S), and <em>T. helolepis </em>(south to 38°29’S). In general, frequency of occurrence and size of the different species showed an increase with depth, suggesting that there may be larger size classes at depths greater than those of the crustacean fisheries. The sex ratio of several species changed with depth, showing that females and juveniles tend to occupy the entire bathymetric range analyzed, whereas males frequented deeper waters.
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"Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries." In Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries, edited by Enzo Acuña, Alex Cortés, and María Teresa Cabrera. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874004.ch10.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Eight species of grenadiers are captured in the fisheries for the demersal squat lobsters <em>Cervimunida johni </em>and <em>Pleuroncodes monodon </em>and deep sea shrimp <em>Heterocarpus reedi </em>in northern and central Chilean waters (21°34–38°29S and 70–617 m depth)<em>: Coelorinchus aconcagua, C. chilensis, C. fasciatus, Coryphaenoides delsolari, Lucigadus nigromaculatus, Nezumia pulchella, Trachyrincus helolepis </em>and <em>T. villegai. </em>Several species were caught beyond their previously known geographical range in Chile, including <em>C. aconcagua </em>(north to 21°34’S), <em>N. pulchella </em>(south to 35°41’S), and <em>T. helolepis </em>(south to 38°29’S). In general, frequency of occurrence and size of the different species showed an increase with depth, suggesting that there may be larger size classes at depths greater than those of the crustacean fisheries. The sex ratio of several species changed with depth, showing that females and juveniles tend to occupy the entire bathymetric range analyzed, whereas males frequented deeper waters.
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James, Watson. "2 CVAs in Wider Restructurings." In Company Voluntary Arrangements. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780192842886.003.0002.
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This chapter highlights the versatility of the company voluntary arrangement (CVA) as part of the UK's restructuring and insolvency toolkit. CVAs are used in various matters such as implementing a complex multi-party settlement with a diverse range of financial and intercompany creditors, compromising certain pension liabilities, preserving the key assets and value of the relevant business in line with the rules and regulations applied to the CVA company, and facilitating swifter distributions to creditors in line with long-tail administration process. Additionally, the chapter notes the CVA cases of interest correlated to TXU, T&N, Dana, Rangers Football Club plc, and EMF Global.
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van den Dool, Huug. "Degrees of Freedom." In Empirical Methods in Short-Term Climate Prediction. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199202782.003.0013.
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How many degrees of freedom are evident in a physical process represented by f(s, t)? In some form questions about “degrees of freedom” (d.o.f.) are common in mathematics, physics, statistics, and geophysics. This would mean, for instance, in how many independent directions a weight suspended from the ceiling could move. Dofs are important for three reasons that will become apparent in the remaining chapters. First, dofs are critically important in understanding why natural analogues can (or cannot) be applied as a forecast method in a particular problem (Chapter 7). Secondly, understanding dofs leads to ideas about truncating data sets efficiently, which is very important for just about any empirical prediction method (Chapters 7 and 8). Lastly, the number of dofs retained is one aspect that has a bearing on how nonlinear prediction methods can be (Chapter 10). In view of Chapter 5 one might think that the total number of orthogonal directions required to reproduce a data set is the dof. However, this is impractical as the dimension would increase (to infinity) with ever denser and slightly imperfect observations. Rather we need a measure that takes into account the amount of variance represented by each orthogonal direction, because some directions are more important than others. This allows truncation in EOF space without lowering the “effective” dof very much. We here think schematically of the total atmospheric or oceanic variance about the mean state as being made up by N equal additive variance processes. N can be thought of as the dimension of a phase space in which the atmospheric state at one moment in time is a point. This point moves around over time in the N-dimensional phase space. The climatology is the origin of the phase space. The trajectory of a sequence of atmospheric states is thus a complicated Lissajous figure in N dimensions, where, importantly, the range of the excursions in each of the N dimensions is the same in the long run. The phase space is a hypersphere with an equal probability radius in all N directions.
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Mosebi, Salerwe. "Calorimetry to Quantify Protein-Ligand Binding." In Applications of Calorimetry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102959.
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Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is the preferred method used to study biochemical reactions like protein-ligand binding due to its sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. ITC measures directly the heat absorbed or released (∆H) associated with a given binding process. A typical ITC experiment allows the dissection of the binding energy of a reaction into ligand-enzyme association constant (Ka), change in enthalpy (∆H), change in entropy (∆S), change in Gibbs-free energy (∆G), and the stoichiometry of association (N). The change in heat capacity (∆Cp) is obtained from the measurements of binding enthalpy over a range of temperatures. The magnitude and signs of the thermodynamic parameters that were obtained provide insight into the nature of interactions involved in the binding process. The strength of interaction is thermodynamically favorable is determined by the Gibbs free energy. ∆G is an important thermodynamic descriptor of a binding reaction since it dictates the binding affinity and is in turn defined by the enthalpy and entropy changes expressed in the following equation: ∆G = ∆H–T∆S. Up-close, this reflects the contradistinctions of two thermodynamic effects at a molecular level—the propensity to drop to lower energy (bond formation, negative ∆H), counterbalanced by the innate thermal Brownian motion’s destructive characteristic (bond breakage, positive ∆S).
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"Island in the Stream: Oceanography and Fisheries of the Charleston Bump." In Island in the Stream: Oceanography and Fisheries of the Charleston Bump, edited by Brian E. Luckhurst, Tammy Trott, and Sarah Manuel. American Fisheries Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569230.ch15.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Commercial landings of yellowfin tuna <em> Thunnus albacares </em>for the period 1975–1998 showed an overall increasing trend while blackfin tuna <em> T. atlanticus </em>landings did not. The landings of yellowfin tuna from 1992 to 1998 were significantly higher (mean = 51.7 mt) than in the previous five year period when there was apparently less directed effort. Maximum landings (67.3 mt) were recorded in 1996. Blackfin tuna landings over this same time period were generally less than 10 mt with a peak of 16 mt in 1986. The seasonality of commercial landings by quarter is presented for a 12 year period (1987–1998). For yellowfin tuna, the second and third quarters consistently had the highest landings while the first quarter was lowest. The second and third quarters combined accounted for greater than 70% of annual landings in every year. The seasonality in landings of blackfin tuna was more pronounced with the third quarter predominating in every year but one. Third quarter landings comprised 42–72% of the annual values while the first quarter was typically less than 5%. An analysis of catch per unit effort for both species over the same period (1987–1998) was conducted using an index developed from the detailed catch records of ten commercial fishers who target pelagic species. Mean values for yellowfin tuna increased significantly from 1992 onward and have oscillated in a small range (2.0–3.0 Kg per hour fishing) through 1998. The values for blackfin tuna were uniformly low and showed little variation. A long term recreational tagging program has resulted in high recapture rates for both species (yellowfin tuna 17.3%, blackfin tuna 10.8%) which may be associated with stable migratory routes or resident populations. An analysis of days at liberty for tag-recaptured fish indicated that 52.6% of all recaptured yellowfin tuna (<EM> N </EM>= 78) were taken within 30 days of release. The corresponding figure for all recaptured blackfin tuna (<EM> N </EM>= 46) was 13%. There is a significantly higher proportion of long term recaptures (up to four years) in blackfin tuna. An examination of the size-frequency distribution for yellowfin tuna indicates that a broad size range is caught in Bermuda waters, however, the catch is dominated by relatively small size classes (modal size = 79 cm FL).
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"Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation." In Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation, edited by Travis R. Ingram and John M. Kilpatrick. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874400.ch15.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—The largest native population of Shoal Bass <em>Micropterus cataractae</em> inhabits the Flint River, Georgia and remains relatively unstudied. We examined demographic characteristics of the population in the lower Flint River that is bounded by reservoirs during 2009–2011. We anchor tagged 741 Shoal Bass to evaluate the percentage of caught fish that were harvested. Shoal bass (<em>n</em> = 187) were sacrificed for age and growth analysis. Ages of sampled fish ranged from age 1 to 11. Von Bertalanffy growth parameter estimates were <EM>L</EM><sub>∞</sub> = 564 mm, <EM>K</EM> = 0.312, and<em> t</em><sub>0</sub> = –0.089. Male and female growth rates were similar, with the mean Shoal Bass requiring 2.4 years to reach 305 mm and 5.1 years to reach 457 mm. Growth rates of Shoal Bass were greater than those of previously studied populations and Largemouth Bass <em>M. salmoides</em> in the Flint River and an impoundment bounding the upper end of the study site. Annual total pooled mortality was 49%. Forty-one percent of caught Shoal Bass were harvested by anglers (range 31–60%). Our results suggest that with current population characteristics, an increase in the minimum length limit would not increase yield to the recreational fishery.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Organic Functional Group Protection and Deprotection." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0013.
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Martin Oestreich of the Technische Universität Berlin developed (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2014, 2077) the Birch reduction product 2 as a donor for the silylation of an alcohol 1 to give 3. Atahualpa Pinto of the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 2600) conditions for the monosilylation of the diol 4 to give 5. Quanxuan Zhang of Michigan State University reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 3384) the preparation (not illustrated) of the mono-THP ethers of symmetrical diols. The product from the Mitsunobu coupling of an acid with an alcohol 6 can be difficult to purify. Takashi Sugimura of the University of Hyogo showed (Synthesis 2013, 45, 931) that the oxidation product from 7 and the reduction product from 8 could both be removed from the product 9 by simple extraction. David Milstein of the Weizmann Institute of Science found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 4685) that an Fe catalyst could be used to reduce the trifluoroacetate 10 to 11. Jean-Michel Vatèle of the Université Lyon 1 oxidized (Synlett 2014, 25, 115) the benzylidene acetal 12 selectively to the monobenzoate 13. Xinyu Liu of the University of Pittsburgh organized (Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 3155) a family of acid-sensitive esters that can be selectively removed in the presence of other esters, as exemplified by the conversion of 14 to 15. Ryo Yazaki and Takashi Ohshima of Kyushu University observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 1611) that an amine would add spontaneously to acrylonitrile 17 to give 18. In the presence of a Cu catalyst, alcohols added to 17 even more readily, allowing the preparation of 18 from 16. Diego Gamba-Sánchez of the Universidad de los Andes used (J. Org. Chem. 2014, 79, 4544) simple Fe catalysts to activate a wide range of amides, including 20, to become acylating agents, converting 19 to 21. 1,2-Addition to t-butylsulfanylimines is widely used to construct aminated stereogenic centers. Xiaodong Yang and Hongbin Zhang of Yunnan University established (Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 6259) a general protocol for cleaving the N–S bond in the product 22 to give the desired free amine 23.
Conference papers on the topic "Harts Range (N T )"
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Dong, Pingsha, and Xinhua Yang. "A Master S-N Curve Representation of Subsea Umbilical Tube Weld Fatigue Data." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20789.
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In this paper, some of the available duplex and super-duplex stainless steel umbilical tube fatigue data are analyzed using an equivalent nominal stress range parameter, which shares a great deal of similarity to the one used in the 2007 ASME Div 2 Code. The proposed fatigue parameter consists of nominal stress range, a size correction term RTt with RT being the tube radius and t being tube wall thickness, and a stress ratio term (1 − R) with R being applied stress ratio. With it, the available girth weld fatigue test data are shown to collapse into a narrow band. The equivalent nominal stress range parameter is also shown to be effective in correlating seam weld data collected from seam-welded umbilicals, but with a different slope in log-log based S-N plot. Coiling/uncoiling low-cycle effects can be addressed by introducing a pseudo elastic nominal stress definition. Miner’s rule can be used to combine both coiling/uncoiling effects with subsequent high-cycle fatigue loading.
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Wang, Jianli, Ming Gu, and Xing Zhang. "Measuring the Thermal Contact Resistance of a Junction by T Type Probe Method." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18293.
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Using a T type probe, the effect of the interstitial material (interposer) on the thermal contact resistance of a junction has been estimated by measuring an individual carbon fiber with different interposers, including the solidified metallic powder, lubricant grease, and dry contact as a comparison. For the metallic powder, the thermal contact conductance was obtained to be 3.0 M W m−2 K−1 by changing the fiber length when the same contact between the fiber and the hot wire was maintained. However, this method can only be applicable to the solidified contact, and the stability of the operating temperature is a must in each length measurement. To estimate the thermal contact resistance of the lubricant Apiezon N grease, even a dry contact, an improved T type probe was employed, by applying an alternative current to the hot wire. This method was verified by measuring the same type of carbon fiber in the frequency range of 0.1 to 1Hz based on a Labview-based virtual lock-in measurement system. The same value of the thermal effusivity of the test fiber was obtained with different interposers, and the thermal contact conductances for the dry contact and high vacuum grease were found to be 0.10 M W m−2 K−1 and 0.26 M W m−2 K−1, respectively.
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Witt, W., B. Baldus, and P. Donner. "ANTITHROMBOTIC EFFECTS OF TISSUE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR AT PHYSIOLOGICAL BLOOD LEVELS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643575.
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Effective thrombolysis in human patients and experimental animals by tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) usually requires t-PA plasma levels in the microgram range. Compared to that physiological plasma levels of t-PA are about 100 - 1000 times lower. To investigate the effects of t-PA at physiological blood levels rat studies were performed in vitro and in vivo employing highly purified recombinant single-chain t-PA (sct-PA: 500,000 IU/mg).t-PA activity in rat whole blood as assessed by dilute blood clot-lysis time (DBC-LT) was increased by addition of sct-PA as low as 3 ng/ml (20 % decrease in DBC-LT). Injection of brady-kinin 10, 100 and 1000 μg/kg i.v. shortened DBC-LT to 54, 23, and 10 % of controls corresponding to the effect of about 10, 30, and 100 ng/ml sct-PA added in vitro. Infusion of sct-PA 15 - 450 μg/kg/h i.v. shortened DBC-LT ex vivo dose-dependently by 20 - 90 % at steady state levels (n = 5). In the same dose range sct-PA inhibited thrombus formation along a silk thread introduced into an arteriovenous shunt in anaesthetized rats. The reduction in thrombus dry weight was dose-dependent amounting to 33 - 67 % of preapplication values (n = 5 - 8) at 15 - 450 μg/kg/h i.v. sct-PA. Already 50 μg/kg/h sct-PA corresponding to a sct-PA activity of about 15 ng/ml displayed a significant (a = 0.05) effect in this model.The results of this study suggest that t-PA present at physiological resting or activation (bradykinin) levels during acute clot formation may have potent antithrombotic efficacy. This study provides further evidence for the importance of a balance coagulation-fibrinolysis which can be influenced on both sides towards thrombophilia as well as to achieve antithrombotic therapy, e.g. by elevating plasma fibrinolytic activity with low-dose t-PA treatment or with drugs which stimulate the endogenous fibrinolytic potential.
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Koide, Mizuyasu, Takahiro Sekizaki, Syuichi Yamada, Tsutomu Takahashi, and Masataka Shirakashi. "A Novel Technique for Hydroelectricity Utilizing Vortex Induced Vibration." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77487.
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The target of our present research is to develop a river monitoring instrument equipped with electricity power generator to supply for its own demand by utilizing energy of flow of the river. To apply this instrument to natural river, its generator should be simple, small and durable with wide flow velocity range of operation. In this paper, the vibration induced by the trailing vortex (T-VIV) on a cruciform circular-cylinder/strip-plate system is firstly introduced compared with the well-known Ka´rma´n vortex excitation (K-VIV). Secondly, a design for a generator utilizing the T-VIV is presented. Thirdly, an estimation technique for electricity power extracted from the vortex induced vibration (VIV) and a design guide for power generation module obtaining the maximum power are proposed. Finally, using the estimation technique to the T-VIV in air, an estimation of oscillation behavior and power generation performance of an T-VIV generator module applied to water flow are presented.
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Juhan-Vague, I., J. Valadier, M. C. Alessi, J. Ansaldi, M. F. Ailluad, and EK O. Kruithf. "DETERMINATION OF PA INHIBITOR 1 (PA INHIBITOR ACTIVITY AND PA INHIBITOR 1 ANTIGEN) IN PLASMA BEFORE AND AFTER VENOUS OCCLUSION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644455.
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PA Inhibitor activity (PAIact-Verheijen’s method-U/ml) and PA Inhibitor 1 antigen (PAIlAg- Kruithof’s radioimmunoassay -ng/ml) were evaluated, on blood samples before (B) and after (A) venous occlusion (VO) (10 min) in order to analyse, in B-VO samples, the ratio (R=PAIlAg/PAIact) ' between the immunological and enzymatic material, and the change of PAIlAg levels after VO.The B-VO values (m ± SD) were determined from 111 plasmas : -86 with normal ( 12U/ml) PAIact levels = 3.7 ± 2.5 ; PAIlAg = 17.4 ± 10.1 ; R = 7.1 ± 6.2 (range 1.5 - 24 )-25 with high PAIact levels (15 post surgery, 10 obese patients)= 30.9± 19.3; PAIlAg = 75.3 ± 44.7 ; R = 2.7 ± 1.5 (range 1.3- 4.4). The correlation between the 2 dosages was r = 0.82 (p 0.01). In the 2 kinds of patients with high PAIact levels, a parallel high PAIlAg level was found. As the range of the ratio R was very large, patients were divided in 2 Groups : GrI : Normal R ( 7), n=81 (normal PAIact : n=57 ; high PAIact : n=24) and GrII : high R, n=30. The results for PAIact/PAIlAg/R were = GrI :12.6± 16.3/ 31.5±34.4/ 3.2 ± 1.5. GrII : 2.6±4.1/ 27.9 ±30.1/ 13.8±6.1. In GrII the platelet origin of inactive PAIlAg from in vitro activation of platelets could be demonstrated (high level of BTG lug/ml) in 50 % of cases. No in vitro platelet activation could be demonstrated in GrI. These results point out the necessity of a good preparation of the plasma (mainly 0-4°) for PAIlAg determination.The B and A-VO values were analysed from 60 subjects. Plasmas with in vitro activation of platelet determined by BTG levels had been discarded. No platelet activation occured with the VO. The results were not corrected with the PCV. PAIlAg B-VO/A-VO = 19.2 ± 15.1/ 26.9 ± 18.3. 36 subjects (60 % of total) had an increase in PAIlAg A-VO 20 % (mean increase = 62 %) . There was no correlation between basal values of PAIlAg and the increase after VO, and between PAIlAg increase and t-PA-Ag release. It is concluded that a weak increase of PAIlAg may occur after VO ; this increase is not parallel with t-PA release. The physiopathological significance of this increase of PAIlAg as yet to be evaluated.
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Perl, M., and V. Bernstein. "Three-Dimensional Stress Intensity Factors for Arrays of Radial Cracks Emanating From the Inner Surface of a Thick-Walled Spherical Pressure Vessel." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59158.
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Some spherical pressure vessels are manufactured by methods such as the Integrated Hydro-Bulge Forming (IHBF) method, where the sphere is composed of a series of double curved petals welded along their meridional lines. Such vessels are susceptible to multiple radial cracking along the welds. For fatigue life assessment and fracture endurance of such vessels one needs to evaluate the Stress Intensity Factors SIF distribution along the fronts of these cracks. However, to date, only two-dimensional SIFs for one through the thickness crack in a thin spherical shells is available. In the present paper, mode I SIF distributions for a wide range of lunular and crescentic cracks are evaluated. The 3-D analysis is performed, via the FE method employing singular elements along the crack front, for three sphere geometries with outer to inner radius ratios of η = Ro/Ri = 1.1, 1.7, and 2.0. SIFs are evaluated for arrays containing n = 1–20 cracks,; for a wide range of crack depth to wall thickness ratio, a/t, from 0.025 to 0.8; and for various ellipticities of the crack, i.e., the ratio of crack depth to semi crack length, a/c, from 0.2 to 1.5. The obtained results clearly indicate that the SIFs are considerably affected by the three-dimensionality of the problem and by the geometrical parameters: the geometry of the sphere – η, the number of cracks in the array – n, the depth of the crack – a/t, and its ellipticity – a/c.
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Liu, T. S., and Y. C. Chung. "A Novel Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Scooters." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20480.
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The purpose of this study is to design brushless permanent magnet DC motors for electric vehicles based on a pole-changing method. By generating a pulse when changing the number of poles, magnetization of magnets can be changed appropriately and the principle of pole-changing motors can be applied to permanent magnet machines. This kind of machine not only retains the feature of permanent magnet machines in efficiency, but also acquires wide speed range. In this study, a pole-changing method using common windings is proposed and performance of brushless permanent magnet DC pole-changing motors is investigated. According to T-N curves, the proposed brushless permanent magnet pole-changing motor yields larger starting torque and wider speed range than motors with a fixed number of poles.
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Lidbury, David, and David Beardsmore. "Effects of Neutron Irradiation on the Fracture Toughness of RPV Materials: Prediction of Material Property Changes for Irradiated Euro Reference Material ‘A’ and Other RPV Materials." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61090.
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A micromechanistic model is used to estimate the irradiation-induced change in the Master Curve reference temperature for cleavage fracture as a function of the associated change in material yield stress relative to the yield stress in the unirradiated condition. The model is shown to predict well the behaviour of Euro Reference Material A (quenched and tempered 22NiMoCr37 ring forging) irradiated at temperatures of T = 285°C and T = 150°C with neutron fluences of 4.3E+19 n/cm2 (En > 1MeV) and 3.1E+19 n/cm2 (En > 1MeV) respectively. Further validation of the model is provided with reference to published data for a range of irradiated RPV plate, forging and weld materials, where measured and predicted values of the change in the Master Curve reference temperature are successfully compared. For the LWR materials and irradiation conditions considered, the fitted parameters of the model are consistent with the view that the primary effect of neutron irradiation is to increase the friction stress for plastic flow of crack-tip material, whereby the irradiation-induced change in yield stress may be associated with a change in a non-hardening, athermal term e.g. as described in the Zerelli-Armstrong constitutive equation. The model predictions compare well with trend curves due to Sokolov and Nanstad, and Wallin and Laukkanen. A particular advantage of the model, compared with these more general formulations, is that it is potentially better suited to a more detailed analysis and interpolation of RPV material datasets covering a range of irradiation conditions where flow properties are reasonably well characterised.
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"SOCIAL COMPETENCE, A PREDICTOR OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRE-CLINICAL STUDENTS IN STATE OWNED AND PRIVATE MEDICAL SCHOOLS." In 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.720.
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Objective: To investigate differences on Social Competence and Academic Achievement between medical students from state owned and private medical institutes. To examine social competence as a predictor of academic achievement.Materials & Methods: A sample of 400 pre-clinical medical students (n= 200 males and n=200 females) with age range 17-20 years participated in the study. The data was collected from the medical schools of Islamabad & Rawalpindi. The study variables were measured via demographic data sheet, Student grades, and Youth Social Competence Scale. The results were analyzed through descriptive, t-test and regression analysis in SPSS 21.Results: In a sample of 400 medical students from state owned and private medical schools 50% respondents were males and 50% were female students. The respondents represented different years of medical school, 46% from first year, 38.5% from second year and 15.5% from third year. Results through t-test revealed that students from state owned medical schools had higher social competence and academic achievement as compared to students from private medical institutes. Regression analysis indicated that social competence is a significant predictor of academic achievement.Conclusion: Social competence can facilitate performance outcomes in medical students. Therefore, encouraging positive social interactions and skills with the peers and teachers can be an incentive for academic achievement.
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Perl, M., and V. Bernstein. "3-D Stress Intensity Factors for Arrays of Inner Radial Lunular or Crescentic Cracks in Thin and Thick-Walled Spherical Pressure Vessels." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61030.
Full textAbstract:
Some spherical pressure vessels are manufactured by methods such as the Integrated Hydro-Bulge Forming (IHBF) method, where the sphere is composed of a series of double curved petals welded along their meridional lines. Such vessels are susceptible to multiple radial cracking along the welds. For fatigue life assessment and fracture endurance of such vessels one needs to evaluate the Stress Intensity Factors (SIF) distribution along the fronts of these cracks. However, to date, only one 3-D solution for the SIF for a circumferential crack in a thick sphere is available, as well as 2-D SIFs for one through the thickness crack in thin spherical shells. In the present paper, mode I SIF distributions for a wide range of lunular and crescentic cracks are evaluated. The 3-D analysis is performed, via the FE method employing singular elements along the crack front, for five geometries representing thin, moderately thick, and thick spherical pressure vessels with outer to inner radius ratios of η = Ro/Ri = 1.01, 1.05, 1.1, 1.7, and 2.0. SIFs are evaluated for arrays containing n = 1–20 cracks; for a wide range of crack depth to wall thickness ratio, a/t, from 0.025 to 0.95; and for various ellipticities of the crack, i.e., the ratio of crack depth to semi crack length, a/c, from 0.2 to 1.5. The obtained results clearly indicate that the SIFs are considerably affected by the three-dimensionality of the problem and by the following parameters: the geometry of the sphere-η, the number of cracks in the array-n, the depth of the cracks-a/t, and their ellipticity-a/c.