Journal articles: 'Harmonization of award procedures'

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Myers, Gary L., and W. Greg Miller. "The roadmap for harmonization: status of the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 56, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 1667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0907.

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Abstract The International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results (ICHCLR) was established to fulfill recommendations identified by an international conference convened to review the available infrastructure and challenges in achieving harmonization of results among different measurement procedures. The specific objectives of the ICHCLR are to: prioritize measurands by medical importance, coordinate the work of different organizations, and stimulate development of technical and regulatory processes to achieve harmonization. Central to these objectives is the website “www.harmonization.net” developed by the ICHCLR as an information portal designed to provide a resource center for global activities to harmonize and standardize results from clinical laboratory measurement procedures. Priorities based on medical impact are provided for measurands for which harmonization is needed or work to implement harmonization is incomplete or inactive. By making information available regarding harmonization activities in progress or planned, coordination of work to harmonize laboratory measurement procedures will minimize duplication of effort and optimize the use of limited resources. A toolbox of technical procedures developed by ICHCLR to be considered when developing a process to achieve harmonization for a measurand is presented. The ICHCLR initiated a proposal to ISO Technical Committee 212 for a harmonization protocol as the basis for calibration traceability when there are no other higher order reference system components available. The ICHCLR offers a unique service to prioritize measurands in need of harmonization and to provide a centralized approach to organize global efforts to achieve harmonization of clinical laboratory test results.

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Weykamp, Cas, Jos Wielders, Anders Helander, Raymond F. Anton, Vincenza Bianchi, Jan-Olof Jeppsson, Carla Siebelder, John B. Whitfield, and François Schellenberg. "Harmonization of Measurement Results of the Alcohol Biomarker Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin by Use of the Toolbox of Technical Procedures of the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results." Clinical Chemistry 60, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 945–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.221531.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The need for equivalent results of routine measurement procedures for the alcohol biomarker carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) has been recognized by the IFCC. This article describes a project to harmonize CDT as conducted by an IFCC working group initiated for this purpose. METHODS We used procedures for achieving harmonization as developed by the Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results to assess the suitability of a candidate reference measurement procedure (cRMP), candidate reference materials (cRMs), and the success of efforts to achieve harmonization. RESULTS CDT measurement procedures in routine use showed good reproducibility (CV 1.1%–2.8%) and linearity (r > 0.990) with variable slopes (0.766–1.065) and intercepts (−0.34 to 0.92) compared to the cRMP. Heterogeneity after simulated harmonization was 4.7%. cRMs of frozen human native sera demonstrated commutability and 3-year stability for routine measurement procedures. The cRMP provided reproducible value assignment to cRMs with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of 0.03% at the 1.2% CDT level and 0.06% at the 4.4% CDT level. Harmonization efforts reduced the intermeasurement CV from 8.8% to 3.4%, allowed 99% recovery of the values assigned with the cRMP, and demonstrated 99% of results within the desirable allowable total error. Harmonization was less successful in samples with low CDT and high trisialotransferrin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Harmonization of CDT is possible with frozen human native sera as cRMs with values assigned by use of the cRMP. We propose the cRMP as a candidate international conventional reference measurement procedure and cRMs as candidate international calibrators.

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van der Vorm, Lisa N., Jan C. M. Hendriks, Coby M. Laarakkers, Siem Klaver, Andrew E. Armitage, Alison Bamberg, Anneke J. Geurts-Moespot, et al. "Toward Worldwide Hepcidin Assay Harmonization: Identification of a Commutable Secondary Reference Material." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 993–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2016.256768.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Absolute plasma hepcidin concentrations measured by various procedures differ substantially, complicating interpretation of results and rendering reference intervals method dependent. We investigated the degree of equivalence achievable by harmonization and the identification of a commutable secondary reference material to accomplish this goal. METHODS We applied technical procedures to achieve harmonization developed by the Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results. Eleven plasma hepcidin measurement procedures (5 mass spectrometry based and 6 immunochemical based) quantified native individual plasma samples (n = 32) and native plasma pools (n = 8) to assess analytical performance and current and achievable equivalence. In addition, 8 types of candidate reference materials (3 concentrations each, n = 24) were assessed for their suitability, most notably in terms of commutability, to serve as secondary reference material. RESULTS Absolute hepcidin values and reproducibility (intrameasurement procedure CVs 2.9%–8.7%) differed substantially between measurement procedures, but all were linear and correlated well. The current equivalence (intermeasurement procedure CV 28.6%) between the methods was mainly attributable to differences in calibration and could thus be improved by harmonization with a common calibrator. Linear regression analysis and standardized residuals showed that a candidate reference material consisting of native lyophilized plasma with cryolyoprotectant was commutable for all measurement procedures. Mathematically simulated harmonization with this calibrator resulted in a maximum achievable equivalence of 7.7%. CONCLUSIONS The secondary reference material identified in this study has the potential to substantially improve equivalence between hepcidin measurement procedures and contributes to the establishment of a traceability chain that will ultimately allow standardization of hepcidin measurement results.

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Faure, Michael. "The Harmonization, Codification and Integration of Environmental Law: A Search for Definitions." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 9, Issue 6 (June 1, 2000): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/275545.

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Background - the need to define and distinguish the concepts of harmonization, codification and integration and the benefits of doing so. Various notions of harmonization: of the substantive law and of procedures; coordination; codification; internal and external integration distinguished. Recent examples of harmonization: the Dutch Environmental Management Act; the Flemish Draft Decree on Environmental Policy; harmonization as a policy goal at the European level, and the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive. Suggested definitions of integration, harmonization, codification and coordination.

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Muhtifah, Lailial. "The Reinforcement of Pesantren as Harmonization Agent of Religious Life in Pesantren “AL-FATAH” Singkawang, West Kalimantan." Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 5, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2016.52.364-368.

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This article is to explore the reinforcement of Pesantren as harmonization agent of religious life, the foundation, strategies, procedures, and the assessment process of harmonization in pesantren "AL-FATAH" Singkawang West Kalimantan. The result of the study discovered that harmonization of religious life was based on the philosophical foundation of Islamic values (Islamic brotherhood/ukhuwwah Islamiyah, crossed-marriage, and collective system/jama’ah), foundation of national perspectives (Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, NKRI, and Bhineka Tunggal Ika) and theoretical foundation (Islamic education, social culture, character education and the theory of conflict). Strengthening the strategy of harmonization through the achievement of the objectives, planning, the realization of activity in the form of concrete action, the existence of material, media, sequences and well-managed steps. Procedures of harmonization was applied through approach of method and technique, as reinforcement of pesantren as the harmonization agent of religions life. The assessment process of harmonization has not been carried out properly. The foundations, strategies, procedures and process of assessment have an impact on the emergence of P3AHKB culture and its implementation model. P3AHKB culture is the growth and the development of religious/spiritual values, honesty, responsibility, ukhuwwah Islamiyah, cooperation, empathy, social solidarity, respect, love, protect each other, get used to the language of the sunnah, keeping ethics, the formation of security culture, and rising prosperity with its business units and BMT. The implementation model is named "MI-P3AHKB tree."

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Staffans, Ida. "Evidentiary Standards of Inquisitorial versus Adversarial Asylum Procedures in the Light of Harmonization." European Public Law 14, Issue 4 (November 1, 2008): 615–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2008040.

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European asylum procedures are, despite fierce harmonization, not converging to the extent required for reaching the aim of a Common European Asylum Procedure (CEAS).One of the reasons for continuously diverging trends, recognition rates and responses to harmonizing initiatives is the differences in the procedural framework apparent in the European context. This article sets out to identify the impact on harmonization of one of the grand dichotomies that characterizes European asylum procedures – the adversarial vs. inquisitorial forms of procedure – especially from the point of view of evidentiary standards and practices. The article argues that harmonizing rules ignoring the differences in procedural traditions and practices in fact may lead to both confusion in the stages of implementation and reactions against harmonization in the practices of concerned asylum procedures.

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Greg Miller, W., Gary L. Myers, Mary Lou Gantzer, Stephen E. Kahn, E. Ralf Schönbrunner, Linda M. Thienpont, David M. Bunk, et al. "Roadmap for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Measurement Procedures." Clinical Chemistry 57, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 1108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.164012.

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Abstract Results between different clinical laboratory measurement procedures (CLMP) should be equivalent, within clinically meaningful limits, to enable optimal use of clinical guidelines for disease diagnosis and patient management. When laboratory test results are neither standardized nor harmonized, a different numeric result may be obtained for the same clinical sample. Unfortunately, some guidelines are based on test results from a specific laboratory measurement procedure without consideration of the possibility or likelihood of differences between various procedures. When this happens, aggregation of data from different clinical research investigations and development of appropriate clinical practice guidelines will be flawed. A lack of recognition that results are neither standardized nor harmonized may lead to erroneous clinical, financial, regulatory, or technical decisions. Standardization of CLMPs has been accomplished for several measurands for which primary (pure substance) reference materials exist and/or reference measurement procedures (RMPs) have been developed. However, the harmonization of clinical laboratory procedures for measurands that do not have RMPs has been problematic owing to inadequate definition of the measurand, inadequate analytical specificity for the measurand, inadequate attention to the commutability of reference materials, and lack of a systematic approach for harmonization. To address these problems, an infrastructure must be developed to enable a systematic approach for identification and prioritization of measurands to be harmonized on the basis of clinical importance and technical feasibility, and for management of the technical implementation of a harmonization process for a specific measurand.

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Diepeveen, Laura E., Coby M. M. Laarakkers, Gustavo Martos, Marta E. Pawlak, Fatih F. Uğuz, Kim E. S. A. Verberne, Rachel P. L. van Swelm, et al. "Provisional standardization of hepcidin assays: creating a traceability chain with a primary reference material, candidate reference method and a commutable secondary reference material." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, no. 6 (May 27, 2019): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0783.

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Abstract Background Hepcidin concentrations measured by various methods differ considerably, complicating interpretation. Here, a previously identified plasma-based candidate secondary reference material (csRM) was modified into a serum-based two-leveled sRM. We validated its functionality to increase the equivalence between methods for international standardization. Methods We applied technical procedures developed by the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results. The sRM, consisting of lyophilized serum with cryolyoprotectant, appeared commutable among nine different measurement procedures using 16 native human serum samples in a first round robin (RR1). Harmonization potential of the sRM was simulated in RR1 and evaluated in practice in RR2 among 11 measurement procedures using three native human plasma samples. Comprehensive purity analysis of a candidate primary RM (cpRM) was performed by state of the art procedures. The sRM was value assigned with an isotope dilution mass spectrometry-based candidate reference method calibrated using the certified pRM. Results The inter-assay CV without harmonization was 42.1% and 52.8% in RR1 and RR2, respectively. In RR1, simulation of harmonization with sRM resulted in an inter-assay CV of 11.0%, whereas in RR2 calibration with the material resulted in an inter-assay CV of 19.1%. Both the sRM and pRM passed international homogeneity criteria and showed long-term stability. We assigned values to the low (0.95±0.11 nmol/L) and middle concentration (3.75±0.17 nmol/L) calibrators of the sRM. Conclusions Standardization of hepcidin is possible with our sRM, which value is assigned by a pRM. We propose the implementation of this material as an international calibrator for hepcidin.

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Hill, Howard M. "Conference Report: Bioanalytical Procedures and Regulation: Towards Global Harmonization." Bioanalysis 3, no. 4 (February 2011): 365–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio.10.211.

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Miller, W. Greg, Gary L. Myers, Mary Lou Gantzer, Stephen E. Kahn, E. Ralf Schönbrunner, Linda M. Thienpont, David M. Bunk, et al. "Translation: Roadmap for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Measurement Procedures." Laboratory Medicine Online 2, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3343/lmo.2012.2.1.1.

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Lee, Yan Ying, and Andre Weber. "Harmonization of Testing Procedures for All Solid State Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 2 (December 22, 2023): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022340mtgabs.

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All Solid State Batteries (ASSBs) with lithium-ion based conducting solid state electrolytes are considered the next generation high performance batteries. They enable high power densities due to their single ion conducting solid electrolyte, eliminating salt concentration gradients and related polarization losses in the cell, and ensuring an unrivalled level of safety due to their non-combustibility. Currently, a variety of ASSBs based on different solid state electrolytes such as polymers, thiophosphates, oxides and combinations thereof are being developed. One general problem with ASSBs is establishing and maintaining contact between the solid electrolyte and the active material phase during production and cycling, respectively. In conventional lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), this contact is ensured by the liquid state of the electrolyte, but in ASSBs, chemical expansion and contraction of the active material during lithiation and delithiation can detach this contact, resulting in decreased capacity due to the loss of active material. As a consequence, ASSBs are often operated under pressurized conditions, applying pressures significantly exceeding those in conventional LiBs. The same holds for the operating temperature window. Especially for polymer electrolyte-based ASSBs, they are often operated at higher temperatures to compensate for the low ionic conductivity of polymers at room temperature. With respect to cell testing, such operating requirements must be considered, and testing protocols are designed according to the individual requirements of the tested cell. This contribution aims to provide an overview of testing protocols for various types of ASSBs applied to different cells with polymer-, thiophosphate-, oxide-, and hybrid-electrolytes. These protocols will be compared with standardized testing routines for conventional LiBs. Based on this compilation, a harmonized testing procedure that covers the special requirements of the individual cell types and enables a fair comparison of different ASSBs is suggested. Additionally, examples of ASSB testing results will be discussed, taking into consideration the harmonization of different testing parameters.

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Gadkari, Ahan Mohit. "Harmonizing International Commercial Arbitration: A Special Focus on Time Limit to Setting Aside an Award." Indonesian Journal of Law and Society 3, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ijls.v3i1.28258.

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Harmonizing international commercial arbitration with domestic courts is paramount in international commercial law. In this aspect, the time limit decided for setting aside an award is an essential aspect of the entire process of harmonization. By using in-depth analysis, this paper aimed to analyze the judicial practice of the period to set aside an award across common law jurisdictions. This paper contended that domestic courts lack the authority to extend the period for applying to vacate an award and some recurrent fact patterns that arise when parties attempt to argue for such discretion and how courts in other countries have addressed comparable instances. It delved into the harmonization of international commercial arbitration by considering the authority of domestic courts to extend the period for applying to vacate the award given that a significant reason for the success of the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (Model Law) is the cross-jurisdictional consistency of standards that can result from the Model Law's uniform application, particularly concerning those provisions considered mandatory. While leaving aside common law jurisdictions that have not adopted the Model Law, one would expect that the Common Law jurisdictions that have adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law must be consistent in their interpretations. Then, a proper international jurisprudence will harmonize international commercial arbitration proceedings globally for the benefit of parties. However, such cross-border uniformity is difficult to establish, as the Model Law discussed in this paper showed. Article 34(3) of the Model Law on the time bar for setting aside an award, not providing domestic courts the authority to extend this time restriction, several unusual cases from Asian Model Law States imply that such authority exists. KEYWORDS: International Commercial Arbitration, UNCITRAL, Model Law.

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Parkany, M. "Parameters and Definitions in Harmonization of Collaborative Analytical Studies." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, no. 3 (May 1, 1986): 396–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.3.396.

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Abstract IUPAC, AOAC, and ISO participate in developing, validating, and adopting analytical methods for international use. Harmonization of the different interests of these organizations is desirable, as is harmonization of parameters of precision of test methods. ISO Technical Committee 69 is responsible for standards that deal with statistical interpretation of test results and data, sampling procedures, and precision of test methods.

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Flávio de Oliveira e Oliveira, Victor, Aldenízia Dos Santos Souza, Ana Victória Santana Santos, Gleison Lopes Leite, João Paulo Mello Lócio, Julia Marita Ribeiro de Amorim, Marcone Natágoras Alves de Albuquerque, Maria Beatriz Araújo de França, Mauri Gomes de Sousa, and Welber Dannylo Macedo Rodrigues. "HIGH DENSITY POROUS POLYETHYLENE FACIAL IMPLANTS (PPAD) IN OROFACIAL HARMONIZATION." Health and Society 3, no. 04 (August 30, 2023): 457–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/hs.v3i04.1536.

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This work constitutes a literature review that explores the significance of Orofacial Harmonization Procedures (OHP) utilizing High-Density Porous Polyethylene Facial Implants (HDPE) to enhance facial aesthetics, contouring, rejuvenation, and volume augmentation. The paper addresses both theoretical and practical aspects of these procedures, providing insights into surgical technique, anatomy of treated areas, pre-operative assessment, anesthesia, pharmacology, medication, post-operative care, and potential complications. The review underscores the role of facial aesthetics in forming initial impressions and how aesthetic dental procedures within OHP are gaining popularity to achieve such harmony. It also emphasizes the integration of positive psychology in understanding aesthetic procedures, considering the positive psychological impacts on patients’ self-esteem and confidence. The work comprehensively discusses the use of HDPE as an alloplastic material for facial implants, elucidating its attributes such as the porous structure enabling implant vascularization and incorporation, along with its superiority over other materials in terms of inflammation and durability. Practical aspects of performing these procedures are addressed, encompassing commonly treated areas (chin, jaw, cheek), incision and suture techniques, anesthesia selection, antibiotic administration, and pre- and post-operative care. Furthermore, potential complications are presented, including improper patient selection, edema, infection, migration, extrusion, and others. The study highlights the significance of proper patient selection, surgical technique, and post-operative care for successful HDPE facial implant procedures. The review concludes that this technique can yield significant benefits in enhancing patients’ self-esteem and appearance, yet underscores the importance of adequate professional training and rigorous monitoring to prevent complications.

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Kolomoets, Tetiana, Valentyna Stetsenko, and Serhii Kushnir. "BONUS FOR A PUBLIC SERVANT – IS IT SCHEDULED RAISE TO OFFICIAL SALARY OR EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR MOTIVATION? THERE SHOULD BE REGULATORY “FILTERS” FOR ITS USE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-173-180.

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The purpose of the paper. Search for the best motivation means for fruitful, efficient, and high-quality service activities of public servants requires in-depth study of those resources which are traditionally “associated” with public service. Traditionally, bonus for public servants still remains one of these kinds of means which is linked with the “distinguished”, “over-productive” official activities. Methodology. Comparative and legal analysis of “bonus” laws of countries across the world shows the difference in consideration of the role and purpose of an award in the modern public service, which contributes to the defeat of its real resource, false identification with the “scheduled”, “regular” pay for labour, along with other components of the latter, which does not depend on “achievements” in the official activities. Results. The author, on the basis of comparative legal research, substantiates the need to model the results of “bonus” rulemaking and enforcement of unified “rule-making filters” in different countries of the world for the targeted use of reward as a means to encourage public servants for the effective, efficient, and high-quality official activities, which is the purpose of the article. It is expedient: a) to define a bonus at the regulatory level as a means of encouragement and harmonization of related subject-matter legal terms; b) to differentiate two types of bonuses for public servants – according to the results of annual efficiency rating of person’s official activities (“effective”, “valuation”) and the bonus as a type of encouragement as a whole (“general”, “common”); c) “standardization” of the bonus amount for public servants, namely: “valuation” (“effective”) should be in percentage (twenty percent is proposed) to the annual salary of a person who received an excellent grade on the basis of annual evaluation, “general” (“common”) as a means of encouragement related to “achievements” of a public servant in official activity, “within rate” (from minimum to maximum) with “binding” to the official salary (it is proposed from one to two) of a public servant; d) to introduce regulatory “filters” of bonus frequency towards “common” (“general”) type due to the mandatory adherence to requirements for the application of encouragement means for a public servant in accordance with their consolidation in a unified list, which makes his “constant” bonus awarding impossible; e) intensification of the principles of transparency, publicity, openness, control over “bonus procedure”, elimination of the prerequisites for a broad manifestation of the discretion of subject who makes a final decision (with the introduction of principles for the division of powers on initiation and final decision, the approval of a draft decision with the public, etc.) on the bonus reward for a public servant. Practical applications. Under the conditions of practical application of the abovementioned recommendations, it is quite possible to use bonuses as means for stimulation, encouragement to fruitful, effective, and qualitative official activity of public servants, a real means to improve public service in general.

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Kilpatrick, Eric S., and Sverre Sandberg. "An overview of EFLM harmonization activities in Europe." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 56, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 1591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0098.

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Abstract The European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) has initiated many harmonization activities in all phases of the examination process. The EFLM is dealing with both the scientific and the educational aspects of harmonization, with the intention of disseminating best practice in laboratory medicine throughout Europe. Priorities have been given (1) to establish a standard for conducting and assessing biological variation studies and to construct an evidence based EFLM webpage on biological variation data, (2) to harmonize preanalytical procedures by producing European guidelines, (3) to improve test ordering and interpretation, (4) to produce other common European guidelines for laboratory medicine and play an active part in development of clinical guidelines, (5) to establish a common basis for communicating laboratory results to patients, (6) to harmonize units of measurement throughout Europe, (7) to harmonize preanalytical procedures in molecular diagnostics and (8) to harmonize and optimize test evaluation procedures. The EFLM is also now launching the 5th version of the European Syllabus to help the education of European Specialists in Laboratory Medicine (EuSpLM), which is being supported by the development of e-learning courses. A register of EuSpLM is already established for members of National Societies in EU countries, and a similar register will be established for specialists in non-EU countries.

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Rapi, Stefano, Tiziana Rubeca, and Callum G. Fraser. "How to improve the performances of Fecal Immunological Tests (FIT): Need for standardization of the sampling and pre-analytical phases and revision of the procedures for comparison of methods." International Journal of Biological Markers 30, no. 1 (January 2015): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.5000093.

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Lack of reference materials and standard procedures, on faecal tests leads to major problems in harmonisation of methods and do not allow the comparison of outcome data. In particular the absence of standardisation of pre-analytical characteristic was noted for faecal test methods for haemoglobin since different manufacturers have developed different sampling procedures and report units. Moreover the physical characteristics of the faecal specimen and the designs of specimen collection devices do not allow analysis of samples on different systems in consequence, faecal tests cannot be compared using standard evaluation protocols. To improve the harmonization of results generated using different analytical systems and the overall performances of test on faecal materials we propose the introduction of standard procedures for sampling and pre-analytical phase and the adoption of specific procedures based on the use of artificial biological samples for comparison of methods. Harmonization of sampling devices with the use of a standard design for pickers and a standard ratio between analyte and buffer for different manufacturers represent a mandatory step in the roadmap for harmonization of clinical laboratory measurement on faecal materials and can allow a significant standardisation of results generated by different devices. The creation of specific protocols for the evaluation and comparison of analytical methods for analyse of faeces could lead to a significant improvement in the performance of methods and systems.

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Smith, Kayleigh M., and Dalma R. Demeter. "The Implications of International Commercial Courts on Arbitration." Journal of International Arbitration 33, Issue 5 (October 1, 2016): 441–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2016035.

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The recently created Dubai International Financial Centre’s (DIFC) Courts and the Singapore International Commercial Court (SICC) aim to grant the same benefits to parties as international commercial arbitration, offering something of a hybrid; not quite arbitration, but not quite litigation in a national court either. However, their current model is little more than a national court in an arbitral tribunal’s clothing. Nevertheless, the advantages and disadvantages of the two systems seem to balance each other out overall, with the notable exception of the enforceability of the outcome. The DIFC Courts’ proposed mechanism to transform its judgments into arbitral awards raise the question of definition for arbitral awards and disputes, and raises dilemmas with regard to the impact it has on the review of the decision solving the initial dispute. The broader implication of this innovative process is that it can create an enforcement mechanism of foreign court judgments in all New York Convention states, broadening the scope of the Convention beyond what it was envisaged to cover, while also essentially eliminating the judicial review intended to be performed under the Convention over decisions rendered on disputes. Whether this innovative procedure will result in a more efficient form of harmonization, circumventing the difficulties posed by the absence of global harmonization on the recognition of foreign court judgments, or the risk of abuse will result in damaging already harmonized laws, will remain to be seen.

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Chen, Diefei, Eric Jutkowitz, Skylar Iosepovici, John Lin, and Alden Gross. "Pre-Statistical Harmonization of Behavioral Instruments Across Eight Surveys and Trials." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.286.

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Abstract Data harmonization methods facilitate further use of existing studies and research resources. Most statistical harmonization methods require pooling data across studies, which is complex and requires careful scrutiny of source data. Most methods (e.g., item response theory) require datasets to have common items for linking a common construct across studies: this necessitates the qualitative process of pre-statistical harmonization. Here, we document pre-statistical harmonization of items measuring behavioral and psychological symptoms (e.g., agitation, wandering, etc.) which represent problematic behaviors among people with dementia administered in a national survey (ADAMS), evaluations conducted at Alzheimer’s Disease Research Centers (NACC), and in six randomized trials (COPE, TAP, ALZQOL, ACT, REACH, ADSPlus). We describe our approach to review question content and scoring procedures to establish comparability across items prior to data pooling. We identified 327 items from 15 instruments across these eight studies. We found considerable cross-study heterogeneity in administration and coding procedures for items that measure the same domain. For example, eight items were coded as count variables in some studies but as categorical variables in others. Moreover, of the 359 items, 191 are conditionally dependent on values of another item. These issues around item response heterogeneity and conditional dependency needed to be resolved prior to estimation of item response theory models for statistical co-calibration. We leveraged several rigorous data transformation procedures to address these issues, including re-coding and winsorization. This study provides guidelines for how future research may acknowledge and address similar issues in pooling behavioral and related instruments.

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Tikkanen, Irma, and Hanna Kaleva. "Contract award procedures and award criteria in the catering services in Finland." British Food Journal 113, no. 8 (August 9, 2011): 952–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070701111153805.

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Mishchenko Roman, Mishchenko Roman. "HARMONIZATION OF MECHANISMS OF PROCUREMENT OF THE ELECTRONIC SYSTEM PROZORRO TO THE REQUIREMENTS AND RULES OF THE WORLD BANK." Socio World-Social Research & Behavioral Sciences 04, no. 02 (April 15, 2021): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/swd04022021-54.

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The article considers the mechanisms of harmonization of procurement of goods, works and services (except for the purchase of consultants services) through the electronic system ProZorro in accordance with the requirements and rules of the World Bank. The regulatory framework of the World Bank in part of procurement has been researched. The problems that arose during the harmonization of public e-procurement procedures with the rules and requirements of the World Bank are highlighted. Conclusions are made about the advantages and disadvantages of the electronic system, taking into account the rules of the World Bank. Accented the potential risks, threats and shortcomings of the ProZorro system. Keywords: public procurement, the World Bank, ProZorro, procurement mechanisms, public procurement procedures.

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Nicholas, Caroline. "Devising Transparent and Efficient Concession Award Procedures." Uniform Law Review 17, no. 1-2 (January 2012): 97–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ulr/17.1-2.97.

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Hubert, Ph, J. J. Nguyen-Huu, B. Boulanger, E. Chapuzet, P. Chiap, N. Cohen, P. A. Compagnon, et al. "Harmonization of strategies for the validation of quantitative analytical procedures." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 45, no. 1 (September 2007): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2007.06.013.

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Hubert, Ph, J. J. Nguyen-Huu, B. Boulanger, E. Chapuzet, N. Cohen, P. A. Compagnon, W. Dewé, et al. "Harmonization of strategies for the validation of quantitative analytical procedures." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 45, no. 1 (September 2007): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2007.06.032.

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Hubert, Ph, J. J. Nguyen-Huu, B. Boulanger, E. Chapuzet, P. Chiap, N. Cohen, P. A. Compagnon, et al. "Harmonization of strategies for the validation of quantitative analytical procedures." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 36, no. 3 (November 2004): 579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2004.07.027.

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Lemos, João Roberto Rocha, Danielle Cristina Alves Rigo, Mariane Cardoso, and Luciana Merlin Bervian. "Being beautiful and successful: a bibliometric analysis on the consumption of orofacial harmonization for esthetic purposes, attractiveness, and materialism." Research, Society and Development 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2023): e6512541367. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41367.

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Actuality there is a consumer trend focused on body image, where being beautiful is synonymous with being successful. The search for attractiveness and the emphasis on materialistic values influence the consumption of products that can enhance appearance. The belief that symmetrical and more attractive faces indicate more successful people can lead to a significant increase in demand for esthetic procedures for orofacial harmonization. A bibliometric study at Web of Science Core Collection (WoS-CC) was conducted on July 03, 2021, to examine the scientific production on the influence of materialism and attractiveness on the demand procedures for orofacial harmonization with esthetic purposes. A search was conducted in WoS-CC from 2005 to 2021. The results showed that the year with the greatest scientific production on the proposed topic was 2020, and the country with the highest number of publications was the United States. The most frequently used keywords were "attractiveness," "beauty," "face," and "body image," and the two most cited authors were Laura Hurd Clarke and Meredith Griffin, who each had 151 citations. The subject area with the highest production was surgery. This study presented an overview of the global trend of scientific production on the subject. The results presented here also allow us to conclude that there seems to be a tendency to study the follow-up of changes in the behavior of the consumer of aesthetic orofacial harmonization procedures.

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Rahman, Adeeb, Bita Sahaf, Melanie Davila, Nicholas Fernandez, Emily McWilliams, Karen Millerchip, Salah E. Bentebibel, et al. "CIMAC-CIDC CyTOF harmonization." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e15242-e15242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e15242.

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e15242 Background: The Cancer Immune Monitoring and Analysis Centers – Cancer Immunology Data Commons (CIMAC-CIDC) network is a National Cancer Institute-funded initiative to identify biomarkers of mechanisms and response to cancer immunotherapy clinical trials, using state-of-the-art assay technologies. A primary platform for CIMAC-CIDC biomarker studies is CyTOF mass cytometry, which is performed at all four CIMAC laboratories. Methods: To test the ability to generate comparable data across labs, a cross-site harmonization effort was undertaken. We first harmonized SOPs between centers. Because of a new acquisition protocol introduced by the vendor (Fluidigm), we also tested this protocol across sites before finalizing the harmonized SOP. We then performed a cross-site assay harmonization experiment, using 5 shared cryopreserved PBMC samples and one lyophilized control cell preparation, along with a shared lyophilized antibody cocktail consisting of 14 markers, as validated in the HIPC consortium, plus CD45. These reagents and samples were distributed to the four sites, and FCS files were centrally analyzed by both manual gating and automated methods (Astrolabe). Results: Average CVs across sites for each cell population were reported and compared to a previous multisite CyTOF study. Once a cell recovery issue at two sites was resolved, this experiment resulted in inter-site reproducibility of under 20% CV for most cell subsets, very similar to the previous study. Conclusions: These results emphasize the ability to reproduce CyTOF across sites, and also highlights procedures, such as use of spike-in control samples, useful for tracking variability in this assay.

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Tulibacka, Magdalena. "Europeanization of Civil Procedures: In Search of a Coherent Approach." Common Market Law Review 46, Issue 5 (October 1, 2009): 1527–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2009062.

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Civil procedure is an increasingly important element of the European Union’s legal system. The interest in it, both on the regulatory and on the academic side, has grown considerably. Time has come to re-evaluate the position. While the policy of “judicial cooperation in civil matters” coordinated by the DG Freedom, Security and Justice contains most EU activities in the area, civil procedure is also the subject of attention from various other actors within the EU. Directorates General Internal Market, Competition, or SANCO are involved in regulating civil procedures on sectoral levels. There is little doubt that coordination of domestic civil procedure rules of European Union Member States is necessary to some extent. This paper tackles two important questions: how far should the harmonization of these rules reach, and can its aims be achieved by the approach taken by the EU at present? It emphasizes the recent phenomenon of decentralized harmonization as a particular challenge to the coherence of the EU policy in the area. It sketches a blueprint for a more coherent approach to Europeanization of civil procedures.

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Quintana-Ponce, Sandra. "El estado del arte de la trazabilidad metrológica en la Medicina de Laboratorio." Revista de Ciencias 25, no. 1 (September 29, 2022): e11676. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/rc.v25i1.11676.

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Equivalence of results issued by clinical laboratories can be achieved by standardization or harmonization. The generation of comparable results allows common reference intervals between laboratories using different measurement procedures and materials for calibration and trueness control. The aim of this article is to describe the state of the art of metrological traceability in laboratory medicine, currently highlighted through the guidelines of ISO 17511, which in its 2020 version, shows six different hierarchical alternatives, ranging from comparability to certified reference materials and reference measurement procedures, to traceability only to the manufacturer. This new version of 17511 adds the possibility to demonstrate traceability to international harmonization protocols. Demonstrating metrological traceability is required to achieve ISO 15189 accreditation for clinical laboratories. To achieve equivalence of measurements in laboratory medicine, it is desirable to bring clinical laboratory professionals closer to the metrological language and the stakeholders involved.

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Melo, D., R. C. Suarez, A. Rojo, B. M. Dantas, L. Juliao, N. Serdero, R. Videla, et al. "Harmonization of internal dosimetry procedures in Latin America--ARCAL/IAEA project." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 127, no. 1-4 (June 7, 2007): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncm284.

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Stelkens, Ulrich. "Judicial Protection and Competitive Award Procedures in Germany." Review of European Administrative Law 14, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 141–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/187479821x16190058548763.

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The history of German public procurement law is a history of attempts by the German legislator to implement the EU public procurement directives on judicial protection, namely Directive 89/665/EEC of 21 December 1989, as minimally as possible. Paradoxically, the history of German procurement law is also the history of an increased spreading of the model of judicial review in 'competitive award procedures' underlying Directive 89/665/EEC to other administrative procedures. Here, one can discern mutual fertilization of the discussions on the minimal standards for judicial protection foreseen in Directive 89/665/EEC, as well as a parallel discussion on minimal standards (directly derived from the German constitution) for judicial review in competitive award procedures concerning the recruitment of public officials. On this basis, one may discern trends in German case law, administrative practice, and scholarship towards developing judicial review systems in competitive award procedures for public procurement beyond the thresholds set by the EU directives. This is relevant for privatizations, gambling licences, and procedures to grant the right to use public spaces, to name only a few. However, these trends encounter difficulties because the German General Administrative Court Procedure Act and other relevant legislation are not tailored to competitive award procedures. This article will analyse these different trends and suggest explanations for them.

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Sætervadet, Torkell. "Can ‘Traffic Rights’ for Non-commercial Air Operators Be Derived from EU Law?" Air and Space Law 47, Issue 3 (July 1, 2022): 289–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2022016.

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The European Union’s liberalization of the aviation market provided commercial EU air carriers with free access to intra-Community routes. For non-commercial air operators, the Chicago Convention already provided for certain international ‘traffic rights’. Moreover, the introduction of common rules for civil aviation has brought EU-wide harmonization to the non-commercial sector. Despite this, EU operators of non-commercial flights experience restrictions in certain territories. Some EU Member States accept free circulation of harmonized aircraft; others require registration in the state where the operator is based. This article aims to assess whether ‘traffic rights’ for non-commercial air operators can be derived from EU’s harmonized civil aviation rules or other EU law. I conclude that aircraft subject to EU harmonization of technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations can circulate freely intra EU, regardless of where the EU operator is based, provided that the aircraft is registered in an EU Member State. The extent of such ‘traffic rights’ for aircraft registered in third countries, i.e., in states other than Member States of the EU or the European Free Trade Association, is less clear. EU harmonization of technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations also sought to address third country aircraft based in Member States. However, EU regulation on airworthiness of such aircraft is supplemented by airworthiness rules laid down by the State of registry, and it may be that the level of harmonization within this area must be considered partial. If so, EU Member States might be able to impose national requirements within the limits of Articles 5(1) and 31 of the Chicago Convention, provided that these requirements are compatible with fundamental freedoms of EU law. traffic rights, non-commercial aviation, non-traffic purposes, Chicago Convention, EU law

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Bogacki, Sylwester, and Tomasz Wołowiec. "HARMONIZATION OF PERSONAL INCOME TAXATION: IS IT POSSIBLE AND IF SO, DOES IT MAKE ECONOMIC SENSE?" International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0432.

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The main research question is based on the thesis that harmonization of personal income taxation in the European Union is, on the one hand, not possible and, on the other hand, not advisable Harmonization of income taxes is much more difficult than harmonization of indirect taxes from the practical, technical and legal perspective and is a result of: (a) when creating the Treaty of Rome it was decided that direct taxes would not have a notable impact on the operations of the internal market, and that approach led to a lack of appro-priate regulations, especially in the area of personal income taxes; (b) income taxes, as forms of direct taxation are an important tool for fiscal policy that affects social and eco-nomic activities and it is difficult for politicians to abandon this tool for managing national policies; (c) directives requiring the formulation of direct tax harmonization must be agreed upon with a majority vote in the national Assemblies (Parliaments), which leads to a lack of consensus on desired aims, costs and benefits, procedures; (d) progress in direct tax harmonization creates an aura of challenges to the tax independence if nations and leads to entrenchment of state and elite positions; (e) EU States Mmember states have different rules for remunerating employees, setting incomes from retirement funds and affecting the structure of income-generating costs and expenditures that reduce the tax base.

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Ikhwan, Yeni Nel, and Khairani Khairani. "Kerangka Hukum Harmonisasi Peraturan Daerah Dalam Perspektif Teori Hirarki Perundang-Undangan." Nagari Law Review 7, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/nalrev.v.7.i.2.p.401-419.2023.

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In Indonesia, it is known that there is a hierarchy of statutory regulations, known as the hierarchy of statutory regulations, which is based on the provisions of Article 7 paragraph (1) of Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011. This hierarchy of laws and regulations has the consequence of the provision that lower laws and regulations must not conflict with higher laws and regulations. Regional regulations as part of statutory regulations are also subject to this hierarchical concept. To guarantee the concept of hierarchy, it was then determined that there would be harmonization of regional regulations which were standardized in Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011, which was last amended by Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2022. However, the provisions for the harmonization process contained in the Law were not accompanied by the establishment of implementing regulations that discussed in detail the procedures and methods for harmonization. This article will discuss further the position of the harmonization process for regional regulations in theory and how the process of harmonizing regional regulations is implemented in practice in Indonesia. So it is hoped that in the future recommendations will be able to be formulated for the process of harmonizing regional regulations which will make a positive contribution to efforts to overcome overregulation in the region.

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McRoberts, Ronald E., Erkki Tomppo, Klemens Schadauer, Claude Vidal, Göran Ståhl, Gherardo Chirici, Adrian Lanz, Emil Cienciala, Susanne Winter, and W. Brad Smith. "Harmonizing National Forest Inventories." Journal of Forestry 107, no. 4 (June 1, 2009): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/107.4.179.

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Abstract National forest inventories are a primary source of data for national and large area assessments of sustainability and biodiversity and for international forest resource reporting. However, the ability of countries to produce compatible estimates using these data is impeded by the diversity of their national inventory definitions, sampling designs, plot configurations, measured variables, and measurement protocols. In addition, because the differing features of these inventories have historical, commercial, and environmental justification, prospects for standardizing inventories are minimal. The best current alternative is to harmonize estimates, a process that focuses on developing methods for producing compatibility despite the different inventory features. Action E43 (COST E43, 2008, Harmonization of national forest inventories in Europe: Techniques for common reporting; Available at online at www.metla.fi/eu/cost/e43/index.html; last accessed May 2008) of the European program, Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (COST), has focused on developing harmonization methods for European inventories in three areas: harmonized definitions, harmonized estimation procedures for carbon pools, and harmonized indicators for biodiversity assessments. The Forest Inventory and Analysis program of the US Forest Service has participated in COST Action E43 and has provided data for testing proposed harmonization methods. Although considerable progress has been made in developing methods to facilitate harmonization, considerable work still remains.

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PREDA, Ionel, and Cezar-Petre SIMION. "USE OF "THE LOWEST PRICE" AWARD CRITERION IN THE PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN ROMANIA." Business Excellence and Management 9, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/beman/2019.9.3-03.

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Taking into account the very large sums being spent through the Romanian public procurement system (approximately 8% of the GDP), analysing the award criteria used in the procurement procedures is an important element that influences the achievement of the economic and social efficiency of procurement. The article describes the criteria for public procurement award in Romania, focusing on the most used criterion, namely the lowest price. It also presents the advantages and disadvantages of using this criterion, statistical situations at national and European level, the difficulties encountered in using this criterion by contracting authorities and the vulnerabilities of tenderers participating in the procurement procedures which use for the award the criterion under consideration.

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Helfand, Benjamin, Elke Detroyer, Koen Milisen, Dimitrios Adamis, and Richard Jones. "The Harmonization of Four Delirium Instruments." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1678.

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Abstract Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute cognitive dysfunction, which is pervasive in older persons. Delirium affects over 2.6 million Americans over age 65 annually. One major problem in detection of delirium is that over 40 different instruments have been created to identify delirium in different clinical settings. There is no single agreed upon reference standard instrument. In previous work, we performed a systematic review to identify the four most commonly cited and well-validated instruments for delirium identification. The aim of this study is to harmonize these four commonly used instruments: Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS), Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98), and Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS). We used data from three separate sources (N = 1623). Participants were rated by multiple and overlapping instruments across studies, allowing us to apply item response theory linking procedures. We fit generalized structural equation models, and found unidimensional factor models fit well. We found the instruments were highly correlated (all r > 0.9) and kappa statistics for delirium case identification were high (range: 0.89 to 0.95). We generated crosswalks to map sum scores on one instrument to another. Our results suggest the same underlying construct, propensity to delirium, is measured across the four instruments. The crosswalks facilitate comparison and combination for immediate clinical use or for future meta-analyses. In future steps, we will use our results to find the optimal cut-points for use across all instruments to identify delirium.

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Bovis, Christopher. "Public procurement in the EU: Jurisprudence and conceptual directions." Common Market Law Review 49, Issue 1 (February 1, 2012): 247–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2012008.

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The present article reviews the emerging conceptual themes from the case law of the European Court of Justice which have triggered the revision of the public procurement Directives, and the alignment of the public procurement acquis with the Europe 2020 Growth Strategy. The Court's jurisprudence has instrumentally influenced the interpretation of public procurement legal concepts such as contracting authorities, the remit of selection and qualification criteria, the parameters for contracting authorities to use environmental and social considerations as award criteria and the principles which underpin the remedies in the award of public contracts. However, the exhaustive harmonization which is inherent in the public procurement directives has caused significant porosity and limitations in the effectiveness of the public procurement acquis. Service concessions, contracts awarded by a contracting authority to another contracting authority on the basis of exclusive rights, public-public partnerships and in-house contractual relations, and contracts which fall below the stipulated value thresholds all reflect upon the forthcoming reforms of the public procurement regime.

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Kouty, Manfred. "Implementing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA): The Effects of Trade Procedures on Trade Flows." Research in Applied Economics 13, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/rae.v13i1.18468.

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In January 2018, the 10th African Union (AU) Summit of African Heads of States and Governments was held in Kigali. At this occasion, 44 countries had signed the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement. In this study, it is pointed out that the implementation of AfCFTA cannot be done without harmonized trade procedures. Using a gravity model of 49 African countries over the 2010-2015 periods, the study estimates the impact of inefficient trade procedures on intra-African trade. The results show that trade procedures such as the number of documents required to import goods and Border compliance negatively affect intra-African trade. This suggests the need of harmonization and rationalization of trade procedures to boost intra-African trade.

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Thomas, Erin, and Nicole Duclos. "Enforcement of ICSID Awards in the United States." BCDR International Arbitration Review 2, Issue 2 (December 1, 2015): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bcdr2015021.

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The ICSID Convention’s self-contained recognition and enforcement regime has long been touted as a unique and, from the perspective of award creditors, favorable feature of the treaty. However, the legislation implementing this regime in the United States does not clearly spell out the procedures that courts must follow in discharging their recognition and enforcement obligations. As a result, U.S. federal courts have adopted diverging approaches to enforcement of ICSID awards. Some courts require award creditors to commence a formal action on the award, while others permit ex parte recognition. This article examines U.S. federal courts’ implementation of their recognition and enforcement obligations under the ICSID Convention, focusing in particular on the current divide regarding proper enforcement procedures and the rationales underlying these divergent approaches.

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Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente, Cristina Antunes, Sofia Cunha, Luís Baltazar, and Paulo Cruz. "Environmental Noise - Integrating and sharing geographic data sets." REVISTA INTERNACIONAL MAPPING 32, no. 210 (May 12, 2023): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.59192/mapping.378.

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Noise is a major environmental concern. To address this issue, the European Commission (EC) launched the Environmental Noise Directive (END), whose main objective is to assess and manage noise from various sources, including airports, roads, railways and agglomerations. An effective implementation of END requires the harmonisation of data supplied by various national agencies such as municipalities and airport authorities. This paper presents the Portuguese approach to the harmonization of data, as part of the END implementation, which was coordinated by the Portuguese Environmental Agency (APA). It also describes a set of principles and procedures developed by APA to ensure data harmonization and integration in a single platform, which provides interoperable information to decision makers, key stakeholders and general public, through Web Services.

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Egwunatum, Samuel I., Andrew I. Awo-Osagie, Imoleayo A. Awodele, and Emmanuel C. Eze. "Predicting Cost Performance of Construction Projects from Projects Procurement Procedure." Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management 11, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeppm-2021-0018.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to show by multivariate regression model if a defective procurement procedure leading to a contract award affects the smooth execution of a project in terms of its cost performance on the strength of the significance of the model. This investigation was conducted with a quantitative method of research by administering questionnaires to key industry players (clients, consultants, and contractors) engaged in construction projects (both civil and building works) in assessing contract award procedures, conditions for contract award after tender evaluation and criteria for contractors’ prequalification. Data from their field survey was analysed with mean item score to show hierarchal importance of factors and critical evaluation using multivariate analysis of variance. Findings showed that a poor and inappropriate contract award procedure has divergence from efficient project cost management based on the corollary of mean score values of contract award procedures, conditions for the award and prequalification test. The practical implication of this, is that an unbiased contract award procedure will apparently lead to a lesser strenuous project management effort towards mitigating cost spills and overruns for a lesser project abandonment if the right contractor with the right capabilities is awarded the contract. These implications stem from the originality of the investigation arising from F-value statistics (7.406), t-value statistics (3.046), and p-value of 0.003.

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Maso, Adelaide, and Luciene Tramontini. "THE BENEFITS OF NANOSTRUCTURED TRANSDERMAL HORMONAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN OROFACIAL HARMOZIZATION TREATMENT." Health and Society 3, no. 03 (July 6, 2023): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/hs.v3i03.1405.

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The demand for aesthetic and rejuvenating treatments is increasing in society, with that the demand for orofacial harmonization increases exponentially every day. Orofacial harmonization is a set of procedures performed by the Dentist / Dental Surgeon, which aims at the aesthetic and functional balance of the face. Steroid hormones are of great importance in aging due to the decrease of some during this process. However, poor diet including sugar consumption, changes in the sleep cycle, alcohol use, tobacco, lack of exercise and excessive exposure to UV rays also contribute to aging. We present the case of a female patient, 47 years old, who had failures in her menstrual cycle for more than 6 months, and the presence of melasma. Laboratory tests revealed changes in her hormone and vitamin levels, the clinical examination reported dry skin with blemishes, and she also reported excessive fatigue. In order to stabilize melasma and improve the appearance of the skin and obtain a better result in orofacial harmonization, bioidentical steroid hormone replacement therapy and vitamin supplementation were performed. Within 3 months of starting therapy with testosterone, progesterone, melatonin, vitamin D, and supplementation with nutraceuticals, it was observed that during treatment the patient showed a change in the appearance of her skin. The results show that in order to obtain a good response to the orofacilli harmonization treatment, it is extremely important to have a correct homeostasis.

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Ainslie, Michael A., S. Bruce Martin, Krista B. Trounce, David E. Hannay, Justin M. Eickmeier, Terry J. Deveau, Klaus Lucke, Alexander O. MacGillivray, Veronique Nolet, and Pablo Borys. "International harmonization of procedures for measuring and analyzing of vessel underwater radiated noise." Marine Pollution Bulletin 174 (January 2022): 113124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113124.

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Hubert, Ph, J. J. Nguyen-Huu, B. Boulanger, E. Chapuzet, N. Cohen, P. A. Compagnon, W. Dewé, et al. "Harmonization of strategies for the validation of quantitative analytical procedures: A SFSTP proposal." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 48, no. 3 (November 2008): 760–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2008.07.018.

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Ferenczi-Fodor, Katalin, Zoltán Végh, Anikó Nagy-Turák, Bernd Renger, and Marco Zeller. "Validation and Quality Assurance of Planar Chromatographic Procedures in Pharmaceutical Analysis." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 84, no. 4 (July 1, 2001): 1265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.4.1265.

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Abstract Within the process of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH), 2 guidelines were released containing a standardized terminology, a verified model of requirements for the validation of analytical procedures, and some guidance in the practical aspects of conducting validation studies in pharmaceutical analysis. For planar chromatographic procedures, which may be used at different levels either in qualitative identity testing, assays, semiquantitative limit tests, or quantitative determination of impurities, this paper tries to transfer these formal requirements into practical approaches for validation. Basic acceptance criteria for evaluation of validation experiments based on practical experience are proposed. In addition, selected parameters for robustness testing of given procedures and quality assurance of quantitative planar chromatographic testing by control charts is described.

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Chan, Darius, and Claire Neoh. "To boycott proceedings or not? Recourse against arbitral awards on jurisdictional grounds by different categories of respondents under the Model Law." Arbitration International 36, no. 4 (October 4, 2020): 529–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arbint/aiaa029.

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Abstract The remedies that award debtors have under Articles 16(3), 34 and 36 of the Model Law, and more critically the inter-relationship between those remedies, has attracted much debate. Yet there is a dearth of analysis on how the availability of each remedy may differ according to the award debtor’s degree of participation in the arbitral process. Such analysis carries significant practical value for parties in considering whether and to what extent they should participate in any arbitral process when they harbour jurisdictional objections. This article distils Singapore’s experience, describing how Singapore has implemented the ‘choice of remedies’ principle for participating, non-participating, and boycotting respondents with jurisdictional objections, with comparative observations from Hong Kong, England, and New Zealand. This article shows that the ultimate matrix of remedies chosen by Singapore is far from straightforward. The question whether a respondent has participated in the arbitral process is also a vexed one. The analysis in this article begs the question whether in pursuit of harmonization future reforms to the Model Law ought to be considered.

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Amari, A. S. G., A. N’Guessan, J. G. Sackou, A. C. Amonkou, P. M. Alloukou, and R. Duncan. "MEDICINES HARMONIZATION IN WEST AFRICAN ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION (WAEMU) COUNTRIES." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 2, no. 1 (February 11, 2018): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v2i1.121.

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With the blessing of WHO, the different regions of West Africa engaged in Pharmaceutical regulation harmonization processes on the continent. Indeed, In west Africa, WAEMU actions on the matter ended in the production of juridical rules opposable to member states who rationalize watching/control procedures and medicine marketing for both human medicine and veterinary products. What remains then to member states is to appropriate community regulation hoping that Pharmaceutical cooperation reinforcement with ECOWAS, that other sub regional economical organization, grows stronger in order to improve drug use and manufacturing in West African area.

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TAVALA, Florina-Maria. "IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF AUDIT RISK AND FRAUD RISK ON THE FIELD OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT." Revista Economica 73, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2021-0019.

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The need to strengthen control/audit on the field of public procurement was imposed after the enactment in 2016 of the new legislative package on the field. Starting from the legislation in the field of public procurement, from the practice in the field and the current economic context, this paper presents the procedures for assessing fraud, as well as concrete examples of indications of fraud specific to the field of public procurement. Some examples of indications of fraud identified and presented in the paper refer to: the possibility of taking bribes for the award of certain contracts, links between the persons involved in the award procedures and members of their families, disclosure of certain information concerning the offer, coercion/exclusion, dubious evaluation of bidders, procurement procedures in complicity.

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Mehta, Saurabh, Susannah Colt, Seoho Lee, and David Erickson. "Rainer Gross Award Lecture 2016." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 38, no. 2 (May 17, 2017): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572117709157.

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The need for improving methods of nutritional assessment and delivering primary health care globally cannot be overemphasized. While advances in medical technology typically create more disparities because of access being limited to resource-rich settings, a transition of health care to a mobile platform is increasingly leveling the field. Technological advances offer opportunities to scale laboratory procedures down to mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets. Globalization also provides the required infrastructure and network capacity to support the use of mobile health devices in developing settings where nutritional deficiencies are most prevalent. Here, we discuss some of the applications and advantages provided by expanding markets of biomarker measurement coupled with primary health care and public health systems and how this is enhancing access and delivery of health services with significant global impact.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Harmonization of award procedures'

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