Academic literature on the topic 'Harmonization of award procedures'
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Journal articles on the topic "Harmonization of award procedures"
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Myers, Gary L., and W. Greg Miller. "The roadmap for harmonization: status of the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 56, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 1667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0907.
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Abstract The International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results (ICHCLR) was established to fulfill recommendations identified by an international conference convened to review the available infrastructure and challenges in achieving harmonization of results among different measurement procedures. The specific objectives of the ICHCLR are to: prioritize measurands by medical importance, coordinate the work of different organizations, and stimulate development of technical and regulatory processes to achieve harmonization. Central to these objectives is the website “www.harmonization.net” developed by the ICHCLR as an information portal designed to provide a resource center for global activities to harmonize and standardize results from clinical laboratory measurement procedures. Priorities based on medical impact are provided for measurands for which harmonization is needed or work to implement harmonization is incomplete or inactive. By making information available regarding harmonization activities in progress or planned, coordination of work to harmonize laboratory measurement procedures will minimize duplication of effort and optimize the use of limited resources. A toolbox of technical procedures developed by ICHCLR to be considered when developing a process to achieve harmonization for a measurand is presented. The ICHCLR initiated a proposal to ISO Technical Committee 212 for a harmonization protocol as the basis for calibration traceability when there are no other higher order reference system components available. The ICHCLR offers a unique service to prioritize measurands in need of harmonization and to provide a centralized approach to organize global efforts to achieve harmonization of clinical laboratory test results.
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Weykamp, Cas, Jos Wielders, Anders Helander, Raymond F. Anton, Vincenza Bianchi, Jan-Olof Jeppsson, Carla Siebelder, John B. Whitfield, and François Schellenberg. "Harmonization of Measurement Results of the Alcohol Biomarker Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin by Use of the Toolbox of Technical Procedures of the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results." Clinical Chemistry 60, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 945–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.221531.
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Abstract BACKGROUND The need for equivalent results of routine measurement procedures for the alcohol biomarker carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) has been recognized by the IFCC. This article describes a project to harmonize CDT as conducted by an IFCC working group initiated for this purpose. METHODS We used procedures for achieving harmonization as developed by the Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results to assess the suitability of a candidate reference measurement procedure (cRMP), candidate reference materials (cRMs), and the success of efforts to achieve harmonization. RESULTS CDT measurement procedures in routine use showed good reproducibility (CV 1.1%–2.8%) and linearity (r > 0.990) with variable slopes (0.766–1.065) and intercepts (−0.34 to 0.92) compared to the cRMP. Heterogeneity after simulated harmonization was 4.7%. cRMs of frozen human native sera demonstrated commutability and 3-year stability for routine measurement procedures. The cRMP provided reproducible value assignment to cRMs with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of 0.03% at the 1.2% CDT level and 0.06% at the 4.4% CDT level. Harmonization efforts reduced the intermeasurement CV from 8.8% to 3.4%, allowed 99% recovery of the values assigned with the cRMP, and demonstrated 99% of results within the desirable allowable total error. Harmonization was less successful in samples with low CDT and high trisialotransferrin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Harmonization of CDT is possible with frozen human native sera as cRMs with values assigned by use of the cRMP. We propose the cRMP as a candidate international conventional reference measurement procedure and cRMs as candidate international calibrators.
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van der Vorm, Lisa N., Jan C. M. Hendriks, Coby M. Laarakkers, Siem Klaver, Andrew E. Armitage, Alison Bamberg, Anneke J. Geurts-Moespot, et al. "Toward Worldwide Hepcidin Assay Harmonization: Identification of a Commutable Secondary Reference Material." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 993–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2016.256768.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Absolute plasma hepcidin concentrations measured by various procedures differ substantially, complicating interpretation of results and rendering reference intervals method dependent. We investigated the degree of equivalence achievable by harmonization and the identification of a commutable secondary reference material to accomplish this goal. METHODS We applied technical procedures to achieve harmonization developed by the Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results. Eleven plasma hepcidin measurement procedures (5 mass spectrometry based and 6 immunochemical based) quantified native individual plasma samples (n = 32) and native plasma pools (n = 8) to assess analytical performance and current and achievable equivalence. In addition, 8 types of candidate reference materials (3 concentrations each, n = 24) were assessed for their suitability, most notably in terms of commutability, to serve as secondary reference material. RESULTS Absolute hepcidin values and reproducibility (intrameasurement procedure CVs 2.9%–8.7%) differed substantially between measurement procedures, but all were linear and correlated well. The current equivalence (intermeasurement procedure CV 28.6%) between the methods was mainly attributable to differences in calibration and could thus be improved by harmonization with a common calibrator. Linear regression analysis and standardized residuals showed that a candidate reference material consisting of native lyophilized plasma with cryolyoprotectant was commutable for all measurement procedures. Mathematically simulated harmonization with this calibrator resulted in a maximum achievable equivalence of 7.7%. CONCLUSIONS The secondary reference material identified in this study has the potential to substantially improve equivalence between hepcidin measurement procedures and contributes to the establishment of a traceability chain that will ultimately allow standardization of hepcidin measurement results.
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Faure, Michael. "The Harmonization, Codification and Integration of Environmental Law: A Search for Definitions." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 9, Issue 6 (June 1, 2000): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/275545.
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Background - the need to define and distinguish the concepts of harmonization, codification and integration and the benefits of doing so. Various notions of harmonization: of the substantive law and of procedures; coordination; codification; internal and external integration distinguished. Recent examples of harmonization: the Dutch Environmental Management Act; the Flemish Draft Decree on Environmental Policy; harmonization as a policy goal at the European level, and the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive. Suggested definitions of integration, harmonization, codification and coordination.
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Muhtifah, Lailial. "The Reinforcement of Pesantren as Harmonization Agent of Religious Life in Pesantren “AL-FATAH” Singkawang, West Kalimantan." Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 5, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2016.52.364-368.
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This article is to explore the reinforcement of Pesantren as harmonization agent of religious life, the foundation, strategies, procedures, and the assessment process of harmonization in pesantren "AL-FATAH" Singkawang West Kalimantan. The result of the study discovered that harmonization of religious life was based on the philosophical foundation of Islamic values (Islamic brotherhood/ukhuwwah Islamiyah, crossed-marriage, and collective system/jama’ah), foundation of national perspectives (Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, NKRI, and Bhineka Tunggal Ika) and theoretical foundation (Islamic education, social culture, character education and the theory of conflict). Strengthening the strategy of harmonization through the achievement of the objectives, planning, the realization of activity in the form of concrete action, the existence of material, media, sequences and well-managed steps. Procedures of harmonization was applied through approach of method and technique, as reinforcement of pesantren as the harmonization agent of religions life. The assessment process of harmonization has not been carried out properly. The foundations, strategies, procedures and process of assessment have an impact on the emergence of P3AHKB culture and its implementation model. P3AHKB culture is the growth and the development of religious/spiritual values, honesty, responsibility, ukhuwwah Islamiyah, cooperation, empathy, social solidarity, respect, love, protect each other, get used to the language of the sunnah, keeping ethics, the formation of security culture, and rising prosperity with its business units and BMT. The implementation model is named "MI-P3AHKB tree."
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Staffans, Ida. "Evidentiary Standards of Inquisitorial versus Adversarial Asylum Procedures in the Light of Harmonization." European Public Law 14, Issue 4 (November 1, 2008): 615–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2008040.
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European asylum procedures are, despite fierce harmonization, not converging to the extent required for reaching the aim of a Common European Asylum Procedure (CEAS).One of the reasons for continuously diverging trends, recognition rates and responses to harmonizing initiatives is the differences in the procedural framework apparent in the European context. This article sets out to identify the impact on harmonization of one of the grand dichotomies that characterizes European asylum procedures – the adversarial vs. inquisitorial forms of procedure – especially from the point of view of evidentiary standards and practices. The article argues that harmonizing rules ignoring the differences in procedural traditions and practices in fact may lead to both confusion in the stages of implementation and reactions against harmonization in the practices of concerned asylum procedures.
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Greg Miller, W., Gary L. Myers, Mary Lou Gantzer, Stephen E. Kahn, E. Ralf Schönbrunner, Linda M. Thienpont, David M. Bunk, et al. "Roadmap for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Measurement Procedures." Clinical Chemistry 57, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 1108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.164012.
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Abstract Results between different clinical laboratory measurement procedures (CLMP) should be equivalent, within clinically meaningful limits, to enable optimal use of clinical guidelines for disease diagnosis and patient management. When laboratory test results are neither standardized nor harmonized, a different numeric result may be obtained for the same clinical sample. Unfortunately, some guidelines are based on test results from a specific laboratory measurement procedure without consideration of the possibility or likelihood of differences between various procedures. When this happens, aggregation of data from different clinical research investigations and development of appropriate clinical practice guidelines will be flawed. A lack of recognition that results are neither standardized nor harmonized may lead to erroneous clinical, financial, regulatory, or technical decisions. Standardization of CLMPs has been accomplished for several measurands for which primary (pure substance) reference materials exist and/or reference measurement procedures (RMPs) have been developed. However, the harmonization of clinical laboratory procedures for measurands that do not have RMPs has been problematic owing to inadequate definition of the measurand, inadequate analytical specificity for the measurand, inadequate attention to the commutability of reference materials, and lack of a systematic approach for harmonization. To address these problems, an infrastructure must be developed to enable a systematic approach for identification and prioritization of measurands to be harmonized on the basis of clinical importance and technical feasibility, and for management of the technical implementation of a harmonization process for a specific measurand.
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Diepeveen, Laura E., Coby M. M. Laarakkers, Gustavo Martos, Marta E. Pawlak, Fatih F. Uğuz, Kim E. S. A. Verberne, Rachel P. L. van Swelm, et al. "Provisional standardization of hepcidin assays: creating a traceability chain with a primary reference material, candidate reference method and a commutable secondary reference material." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, no. 6 (May 27, 2019): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0783.
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Abstract Background Hepcidin concentrations measured by various methods differ considerably, complicating interpretation. Here, a previously identified plasma-based candidate secondary reference material (csRM) was modified into a serum-based two-leveled sRM. We validated its functionality to increase the equivalence between methods for international standardization. Methods We applied technical procedures developed by the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results. The sRM, consisting of lyophilized serum with cryolyoprotectant, appeared commutable among nine different measurement procedures using 16 native human serum samples in a first round robin (RR1). Harmonization potential of the sRM was simulated in RR1 and evaluated in practice in RR2 among 11 measurement procedures using three native human plasma samples. Comprehensive purity analysis of a candidate primary RM (cpRM) was performed by state of the art procedures. The sRM was value assigned with an isotope dilution mass spectrometry-based candidate reference method calibrated using the certified pRM. Results The inter-assay CV without harmonization was 42.1% and 52.8% in RR1 and RR2, respectively. In RR1, simulation of harmonization with sRM resulted in an inter-assay CV of 11.0%, whereas in RR2 calibration with the material resulted in an inter-assay CV of 19.1%. Both the sRM and pRM passed international homogeneity criteria and showed long-term stability. We assigned values to the low (0.95±0.11 nmol/L) and middle concentration (3.75±0.17 nmol/L) calibrators of the sRM. Conclusions Standardization of hepcidin is possible with our sRM, which value is assigned by a pRM. We propose the implementation of this material as an international calibrator for hepcidin.
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Hill, Howard M. "Conference Report: Bioanalytical Procedures and Regulation: Towards Global Harmonization." Bioanalysis 3, no. 4 (February 2011): 365–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio.10.211.
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Miller, W. Greg, Gary L. Myers, Mary Lou Gantzer, Stephen E. Kahn, E. Ralf Schönbrunner, Linda M. Thienpont, David M. Bunk, et al. "Translation: Roadmap for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Measurement Procedures." Laboratory Medicine Online 2, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3343/lmo.2012.2.1.1.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Harmonization of award procedures"
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Yik, Chung Pang. "Critical assessment of arbitral procedures reform in China." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2008. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-slw-b2345426Xa.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2008."Master of Arts in arbitration and dispute resolution (MAArbDR), LW6409 dissertation." Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 1, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Charouli, Angeliki. "Les considérations sociales et environnementales dans la passation des marchés publics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010257.
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Moteur incontournable de l’économie publique, les marchés publics ont toujours fait l’objet de revendications diverses, voire opposées. L’efficacité de la gestion budgétaire et la transparence de la vie publique, s’agissant des ordres juridiques nationaux, la libre concurrence et le libre accès de tous les opérateurs économiques facilitant les échanges intracommunautaires, s’agissant du droit européen : tous ont tenté de monopoliser le droit de la commande publique, afin de se réaliser. Dans le même temps, la perspective de l’instrumentalisation de ce droit au service d’objectifs politiques qui ne lui sont pas directement attribués a suscité des intérêts très variés. Or, la question de la conciliation des politiques sociales et environnementales avec les prescriptions de nature principalement économique du droit des marchés publics s’inscrit dans une logique de valorisation de cet instrument juridique et financier. Ces politiques, répondant à la fois à des finalités d’intérêt général et à des objectifs prioritaires du droit communautaire, sont à la recherche de leur rôle et de leurs instruments en matière de marchés publics. Dans un contexte politique mouvant, la superposition des systèmes juridiques résultant des interventions réglementaires des États, en quête de leur pouvoir discrétionnaire dans la planification des leurs politiques, comme des interventions du droit communautaire dans le cadre de sa propre œuvre d’harmonisation des procédures de passation, vient redéfinir le rôle des politiques sociales et environnementales, tant au sein des objectifs endogènes du droit des marchés publics qu’en dehors de son cadre réglementaire, appelé dans ce cas à servir de levierAs a fundamental driving force of public economy, public procurement has traditionally been an area of diverse and often competing interests. Such contradictory interests are the efficiency of budgetary management and transparency in public life within national legal systems, free competition and open access of financial stakeholders in award procedures within the European regulatory framework. At the same time, the instrumentalisation of public procurement in order to serve political goals not directly linked to it has triggered considerable debate. The attempt of conciliation of social and environmental considerations with the financial requirements of public procurement law aims at enhancing this legal and financial instrument. The role and the legal means for the integration of social and environmental considerations in public procurement, which serve general interest purposes and overriding European law objectives, have not yet been clarified. The regulatory interventions of the Member States, on the one hand, and the harmonization attempts of the European Union, on the other, create a constantly changing political climate. In that context, the role of social and environmental policies is redefined both within the framework of primary objectives of public procurement law, as well as outside this regulatory framework which is used as a policy tool in this context
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Özün, Alper. "Robust optimization for portfolio risk : a ravisit of worst-case risk management procedures after Basel III award." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7324.
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The main purpose of this thesis is to develop methodological and practical improvements on robust portfolio optimization procedures. Firstly, the thesis discusses the drawbacks of classical mean-variance optimization models, and examines robust portfolio optimization procedures with CVaR and worst-case CVaR risk models by providing a clear presentation of derivation of robust optimization models from a basic VaR model. For practical purposes, the thesis introduces an open source software interface called “RobustRisk”, which is developed for producing empirical evidence for the robust portfolio optimization models. The software, which performs Monte-Carlo simulation and out-of-sample performance for the portfolio optimization, is introduced by using a hypothetical portfolio data from selected emerging markets. In addition, the performance of robust portfolio optimization procedures are discussed by providing empirical evidence in the crisis period from advanced markets. Empirical results show that robust optimization with worst-case CVaR model outperforms the nominal CVaR model in the crisis period. The empirical results encourage us to construct a forward-looking stress test procedure based on robust portfolio optimization under regime switches. For this purpose, the Markov chain process is embedded into robust optimization procedure in order to stress regime transition matrix. In addition, assets returns, volatilities, correlation matrix and covariance matrix can be stressed under pre-defined scenario expectations. An application is provided with a hypothetical portfolio representing an internationally diversified portfolio. The CVaR efficient frontier and corresponding optimized portfolio weights are achieved under regime switch scenarios. The research suggests that stressed-CVaR optimization provides a robust and forward-looking stress test procedure to comply with the regulatory requirements stated in Basel II and CRD regulations.
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Özün, Alper. "Robust optimization for portfolio risk : a re-visit of worst-case risk management procedures after Basel III award." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7324.
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The main purpose of this thesis is to develop methodological and practical improvements on robust portfolio optimization procedures. Firstly, the thesis discusses the drawbacks of classical mean-variance optimization models, and examines robust portfolio optimization procedures with CVaR and worst-case CVaR risk models by providing a clear presentation of derivation of robust optimization models from a basic VaR model. For practical purposes, the thesis introduces an open source software interface called “RobustRisk”, which is developed for producing empirical evidence for the robust portfolio optimization models. The software, which performs Monte-Carlo simulation and out-of-sample performance for the portfolio optimization, is introduced by using a hypothetical portfolio data from selected emerging markets. In addition, the performance of robust portfolio optimization procedures are discussed by providing empirical evidence in the crisis period from advanced markets. Empirical results show that robust optimization with worst-case CVaR model outperforms the nominal CVaR model in the crisis period. The empirical results encourage us to construct a forward-looking stress test procedure based on robust portfolio optimization under regime switches. For this purpose, the Markov chain process is embedded into robust optimization procedure in order to stress regime transition matrix. In addition, assets returns, volatilities, correlation matrix and covariance matrix can be stressed under pre-defined scenario expectations. An application is provided with a hypothetical portfolio representing an internationally diversified portfolio. The CVaR efficient frontier and corresponding optimized portfolio weights are achieved under regime switch scenarios. The research suggests that stressed-CVaR optimization provides a robust and forward-looking stress test procedure to comply with the regulatory requirements stated in Basel II and CRD regulations.
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Charouli, Angeliki. "Les considérations sociales et environnementales dans la passation des marchés publics." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010259.
Full textAbstract:
Moteur incontournable de l'économie publique, les marchés publics ont toujours fait l'objet de revendications diverses, voire opposées. L'efficacité de la gestion budgétaire et la transparence de la vie publique, s'agissant des ordres juridiques nationaux, la libre concurrence et le libre accès de tous les opérateurs économiques facilitant les échanges intracommunautaires, s'agissant du droit européen: tous ont tenté de monopoliser le droit de la commande publique, afin de se réaliser. Dans le même temps, la perspective de l'instrumentalisation de ce droit au service d'objectifs politiques qui ne lui sont pas directement attribués a suscité des intérêts très variés. Or, la question de la conciliation des politiques sociales et environnementales avec les prescriptions de nature principalement économique du droit des marchés publics s'inscrit dans une logique de valorisation de cet instrument juridique et financier. Ces politiques, répondant à la fois à des finalités d'intérêt général et à des objectifs prioritaires du droit communautaire, sont à la recherche de leur rôle et de leurs instruments en matière de marchés publics. Dans un contexte politique mouvant, la superposition des systèmes juridiques résultant des interventions réglementaires des États, en quête de leur pouvoir discrétionnaire dans la planification des leurs politiques, comme des interventions du droit communautaire dans le cadre de sa propre œuvre d'harmonisation des procédures de passation, vient redéfinir le rôle des politiques sociales et environnementales, tant au sein des objectifs endogènes du droit des marchés publics qu'en dehors de son cadre réglementaire, appelé dans ce cas à servir de levier.
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Денисенко, Сергій Іванович, Сергей Иванович Денисенко, and Sergii I. Denisenko. "Міжнародно-правові стандарти спрощення та гармонізації митних процедур у сфері міжнародної торгівлі." Thesis, Одеса, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11300/1966.
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Денисенко С. І. Міжнародно-правові стандарти спрощення та гармонізації митних процедур у сфері міжнародної торгівлі : дис. ... к.ю.н. : 12.00.11 / Денисенко Сергій Іванович. - Одеса, 2015. - 287 арк.Дисертацію присвячено комплексному дослідженню особливостей міжнародних стандартів у сфері спрощення та гармонізації митних процедур у зовнішньоторговельній діяльності. Досліджено питання сутності митних процедур та їх складових частин, особливості джерел, принципів, суб’єктів спрощення та гармонізації національних митних процедур у цій сфері. Розглянуто спрощення та гармонізацію національних митних процедур з точки зору міжнародних договорів на трьох рівнях: універсальному, регіональному та білатеральному. Систематизовано базові стандартні правила спрощеного порядку проведення митних процедур у сфері міжнародної торгівлі, за трьома основними їх елементами (митного контролю, митного оформлення, справляння (сплати) них платежів), які впроваджуються у митне законодавство держав, що приєднались до основних міжнародних договорів у цій сфері. Висвітлено статус України як суб’єкта спрощення та гармонізації митних процедур у сфері міжнародної торгівлі, її досягнення, проблемні питання та перспективи на цьому шляху. Проведено порівняльний аналіз нового митного кодексу України та оновленої Кіотської конвенції з метою виявлення узгодженості та нормативного закріплення положень даного міжнародної угоди в митному законодавстві України, а також застосування національними митними органами однакових міжнародних стандартів у сфері спрощення митних процедур.
Диссертация посвящена комплексному исследованию особенностей международных стандартов в сфере упрощения и гармонизации таможенных процедур во внешнеторговой деятельности. Исследованы сущность таможенных процедур и их составных частей, особенности источников, принципов, субъектов упрощения и гармонизации национальных таможенных процедур. В работе проанализировано международно-правовое регулирование упрощения и гармонизации таможенных процедур в сфере международной торговли на универсальном, региональном и двухстороннем уровнях. Особое внимание уделено международным организациям: ООН, Всемирной таможенной организации (ВТамО), ВТО, а также отдельным региональным интеграционным объединениям (ЕС, НАФТА, АСЕАН и др.) Осуществлено толкование современных международно-правовых стандартов упрощения и гармонизации таможенных процедур в сфере международной торговли. Систематизированы базовые стандартные правила упрощенного порядка проведения таможенных процедур в сфере международной торговли, по трем основным их элементами (таможенного контроля, таможенного оформления, взимание (уплаты) них платежей), которые внедряются в таможенное законодательство государств, присоединившихся к основным международным договорам в этой сфере. Установлено, что разногласия в понимании единой терминологии препятствуют упрощению и гармонизации таможенных процедур, прежде всего в аспекте их имплементации в национальное законодательство. В частности, несовершенными усматриваются отдельные положения обновленной Киотской конвенции, касающиеся ее базовых понятий. В святи с этим предложено внести в Генеральное приложение обновленной Киотской конвенции определения таких понятий как «таможенные процедуры» и «упрощения таможенных процедур». Предложен также механизм оптимального принятия стандартов, направленных на упрощение и гармонизацию таможенных процедур в пределах ВТО. Исследован статус Украины как субъекта упрощения и гармонизации таможенных процедур в сфере международной торговли, ее достижения, проблемные вопросы и перспективы на этом пути. Исследованы механизмы имплементации международных стандартов в сфере упрощения и гармонизации таможенных процедур в правовую систему Украины. Разработаны рекомендации по усовершенствованию национального законодательства Украины в сфере упрощения и гармонизации таможенных процедур.
The thesis is devoted to the complex research of peculiarities of international standards in the area of simplification and harmonization of customs procedures in foreign trade. Author studies the issues of nature of customs procedures and their elements, especially sources, principles, subjects of the simplification and harmonization of such customs procedures. The simplification and harmonization of customs procedures have been considered from the point of view of international treaties on three levels: universal, regional and bilateral. Basic standard rules of simplified methods of customs procedures are systematized according to such three main lines – customs control, customs clearance and collection of payments. They are introduced into the custom legislation of the states which have joined the major international treaties in this area. The status of Ukraine as a subject of simplification and harmonization of customs procedures in foreign trade activity, its achievements, problems and prospects in this way have been analyzed. The comparative analysis of the new Customs code of Ukraine and the International Convention of the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures on May 18, 1973 is made in order to identify the coordination and the normative securing of the regulations of this international agreement in customs legislation of Ukraine, and also application of uniform international standards in the field of the simplification of customs procedures by national customs bodies is examined.
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Ndimurwimo, Leah Alexis. "An evaluation of the dispute resolution mechanisms of conciliation and arbitration." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/753.
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South African labour laws have undergone tremendous amendments before and after independence. This paper focuses on the development after independence, therefore section 34 of the Constitution of 1996, provisions of the Labour Relations Act of 1995 and other laws which deal with labour matters and regulate the labour relations and disputes in the country will be considered. The labour laws in South Africa provide inter alia for the dispute resolution mechanisms, the manner on which disputes should be handled by different organs which are empowered to do so. My focus will be to see how alternative disputes resolution processes of conciliation and arbitration in the Eastern Cape Province aim to transform the South African and global labour market by promoting an integrated simple, quick but efficient and inexpensive dispute settlement services in order to reduce the back log of cases, maintain labour peace, promote democracy at workplace with the view of advancing economic and social justice.
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Сагайдак, Юлія Вікторівна, Y. V. Sagaydak, and Юлия Викторовна Сагайдак. "Адміністративно-правові засади легалізації суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності в Україні." Thesis, ДВНЗ «Київський національний університет імені Вадима Гетьмана», 2014. http://ir.kneu.edu.ua/handle/2010/12220.
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У дисертації досліджуються легалізація суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності як предмет правового регулювання, історія адміністративно-правового регулювання відносин легалізації суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності, аналізується законодавство України про легалізацію суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності зовнішньоекономічну діяльність. Розкривається адміністративно-правова сутність державного управління легалізацією суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності як частини державного управління легалізацію суб’єктів господарської діяльності, досліджуються принципи, функції, форми і методи державного управління легалізацією суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності та аналізується система та правовий статус органів державної влади, що його здійснюють. Розкриваються проблеми та перспективи вдосконалення державного управління та правового регулювання таких процедур легалізації суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності, як державна реєстрація, ліцензування, сертифікація та стандартизація та отримання дозвільних документів. Окрема увага приділена дослідженню адміністративно-правових засад гармонізації законодавства України в сфері легалізації суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності до законодавства Європейського Союзу та запозичення позитивного досвіду у даній сфері окремих країн-учасниць Європейського Союзу.In the thesis the legalization of businesses as a subject of legal regulation, the history of administrative and legal regulation of the legalization of businesses and analyzes the law of Ukraine on the legalization of businesses foreign trade. Disclosed administrative and legal nature of government legalization of businesses as part of the government legalize business entities studied the principles, functions, forms and methods of government legalization of businesses and analyze the system and the legal status of public authorities, its exercise. Features of Public Administration, problems and prospects for improved governance and regulation of procedures for businesses. Special attention is paid to the study of the administrative and legal framework for the harmonization of legislation of Ukraine in the field of legalization of businesses with EU legislation and the adoption of best practices in this area of individual member states of the European Union.
В диссертации исследуется легализация субъектов предпринимательской деятельности как предмет правового регулирования, история административно-правового регулирования отношений легализации субъектов предпринимательской деятельности, анализируется законодательство Украины о легализации субъектов предпринимательской деятельности. В частности, уделяется внимание соотношению таких правовых категорий как «хозяйственная деятельность», «предпринимательская деятельность», « правовой статус субъекта хозяйствования» и «правовой статус субъекта предпринимательской деятельности». Проанализировано этимологию понятий «легализация субъектов предпринимательской деятельности» и «легитимация субъектов предпринимательской деятельности», в результате чего был сделан вывод о преимуществе употребления термина «легализация субъекта предпринимательской деятельности» по отношению к процессу создания субъекта предпринимательства, внутренней и внешней организации деятельности его учредителей, что включает в себя комплекс разрешительных процедур и получение разрешительных документов. Раскрывается административно-правовая сущность государственного управления легализацией субъектов предпринимательской деятельности как части государственного управления легализацией субъектов хозяйственной деятельности, исследуются принципы, функции, формы и методы государственного управления легализацией субъектов предпринимательской деятельности и анализируется система и правовой статус органов государственной власти, которые осуществляют данный вид управления. Раскрываются особенности государственного управления, проблемы и перспективы совершенствования государственного управления и правового регулирования таких процедур легализации субъектов предпринимательской деятельности, как государственная регистрация, лицензирование, сертификация и стандартизация и получение разрешительных документов. Отдельное внимание уделено исследованию административно-правовых основ гармонизации законодательства Украины в сфере легализации субъектов предпринимательской деятельности к законодательству Европейского Союза и заимствования положительного опыта в данной сфере отдельных стран – участниц Европейского Союза.
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Chang, Feng-Lan, and 張鳳蘭. "A Sutdy on the Procurement Procedures of Property－Invitation to Tender, Award of Contracts for the Center." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x34erm.
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碩士中原大學
財經法律研究所
103
The government procurement shall refer to any government agency, public school, government-owned enterprise and a juridical person or organization which takes a grant from an entity, in order to obtain property and service support necessary for carrying out administration affairs, conduct the invitation to tender, the evaluation of tender, or the award of contract, execution of the contract ,contract performance and inspection &; acceptance procedures for the contracting of construction work, the purchase or lease of property, the retention or employment of services, etc. in accordance with the Government Procurement Act and other related regulations. Whether the invitation to tender, the award of contract award procedures are fair; whether the selected tendering methods and the principles of contract award are appropriate are essential for government procurement to provide open fair competing markets and improve the efficiencies and functionalities of the government procurement. The supplier qualification requirements play a decisive role in the invitation to tender procedure. The procurement entity shall prevent unduly restraining competition and take account into the purposes of prescribing the tendering supplier qualification, i.e. whether they can ensure the quality of procurement, improve procurement efficiency, or save the procurement cost. The prescription of qualification requirements shall be with fairness, competitiveness, integrity. The procurement entity may determine within certain discretion in the evaluation of qualifications, specifications, prices and tender procedure against tendering suppliers in the tender evaluation after opening of tenders. The determined results have key effects as to whether the tendering suppliers can continue to participate in subsequent competition of tender. In the government procurement procedure, the offer seems take effects after the tendering suppliers serve the tender documentation. Upon the procurement entity processing with the opening of tenders, the procedure goes into the award of contract step. The award of contract step refers to the stage that the entity reviews the supplier qualifications, specifications, technical documentation and price, which are prescribed with strict and complete procedures in the Government Procurement Act. In the discovery of the contracting processes of property procurement contract, this paper agree with judicial opinions the tender bulletin is an invitation for offer, a supplier’s tendering is an offer, thus the award of contract by the procurement entity is a acceptance in nature, upon the awarded of contract that the parties reciprocally declare their concordant intent, a contract shall be constituted. The Government Procurement Act adopts Two-Stage theory, the issue before the constitution of contract as a public law, after the constitution as civil issue, which should be the model of special legislation for resolving disputes. However, there are no contractual relationships between the vendors and the entities in the tendering and awarding stages by the entities; which under normal circumstances, they cannot bring proceedings in civil courts based on civil legal relationship. With respect to determining the legal characteristics the of government procurement, this paper adopt Public- Private- Dual Theory because the entity establish private contract with the vendors as a party, the performance dispute after the constitution of contract shall be filed for civil litigation in civil courts based on civil legal relationship, but the disputes in the invitation of tender and award of contract may be filed for administrative litigation by Laws, it’s hard to say nothing to be brought into the civil proceedings in civil courts based on civil legal relationship. From the mistake patterns of government procurement, we could learn that there are many mistakes occurred in the tendering and awarding stages of procurement procedures, which is also main dispute source between the vendors and the entities. This paper, from theory aspect, explores the common practice issues for the invitation of tender and award of contract in the property procurement procedure under the existing legal framework.
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Joseph, Jacceus. "L'arbitrage commercial international et les garanties procédurales." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3985.
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Cette recherche aborde un sujet complexe, qui est en plein débat doctrinal en droit de l'arbitrage international: L'arbitrage commercial international et les garanties procédurales.
Au fait, l'arbitrage commercial international revêt le mode traditionnel des règlements de litiges du commerce international et des relations économiques internationales. À cause de l'hybridité de sa nature (contractuelle et juridictionnelle), il est le plus souvent préféré par les parties aux tribunaux étatiques. Cette faveur vis-à-vis de ce mode de règlements de litiges internationaux s'explique par le développement de l'économie internationale, par la globalisation du marché, par la conclusion de nombreuses conventions internationales en la matière, par la création des centres d'arbitrage, enfin par la modernisation des lois et règlements nationaux. En revanche, il est constaté que l'arbitrage souffre d'un déficit de prévisibilité et de certitudes pour les acteurs du commerce international. Que l'on songe seulement à la multiplication des rattachements législatifs et des contrôles judiciaires: conflits de lois, conflits entre les règles de conflits, etc. Nous avons démontré que la solution aux difficultés de la méthode conflictualiste serait l'harmonisation de la procédure arbitrale internationale et que ce mode de règlement de différends débouche de plus en plus sur le rapprochement entre traditions juridiques différentes (Common Law et droit civil).Toutefois, ce mouvement de convergence est loin d'être achevé. Beaucoup d'autres pratiques arbitrales continuent de garder l'empreinte de la diversité des procédures étatiques et celle des grands systèmes juridiques mondiaux.This research work tackles a complex subject, which is in the heart of a doctrinal debate in International arbitration Law: International Commercial Arbitration and procedural safeguards. In fact, International Commercial Arbitration is a traditional method of dispute resolution in International Trade and International Economic Relations. Parties to a dispute would rather prefer this mode of dispute resolution to state courts because of its hybrid nature (contractual and judicial).One can explain this preference for this method of international dispute resolution by the development of the international economy, the market globalization, the conclusion of numerous international conventions in the domain, the creation of arbitration centers, the modernization of national laws and regulations. By contrast, one can note that arbitration lacks predictability and certainty for parties in International Trade. One can just think of the multiplication of legislative attachments and judicial controls: conflicts of laws, conflicts between methods of conflicts of laws, etc. We have demonstrated that the solution to the difficulties of the conflictualist method would be the harmonization of the International Arbitral Procedures and that this method of dispute resolution would lead, more and more to the approximation between different judicial traditions (Common law and Civil Law). However this convergence movement is far from being achieved. Many other arbitral practices do still keep the imprint of diverse state procedures and of major legal systems worldwide.
Books on the topic "Harmonization of award procedures"
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Latendresse, Michel D. Harmonization of local procedures in community development projects. Hanoi: Ministry of Planning and Investment, Partnership to Assist the Poorest Communes, 2004.
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Securities Industry Conference on Arbitration and United States. Securities and Exchange Commission, eds. Arbitration procedures. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992.
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Swart, A. H. J., and Christopher Harding. Enforcing European Community rules: Criminal proceedings, administrative procedures, and harmonization. Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1996.
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National Science Foundation (U.S.). Proposal and award policies and procedures guide. [Washington, D.C.]: National Science Foundation, 2010.
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Hoblin, Philip J. Securities arbitration: Procedures, strategies, cases. 2nd ed. New York: New York Institute of Finance, 1992.
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Hoblin, Philip J. Securities arbitration: Procedures, strategies, cases. New York, N.Y: New York Institute of Finance, 1988.
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Securities Industry Conference on Arbitration and United States. Securities and Exchange Commission, eds. Arbitration procedures: Uniform Code of Arbitration. Washington, D.C: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989.
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Association, American Arbitration. Procedures for cases under the UNCITRAL arbitration rules. [New York, NY: AAA, 1992.
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Cremades, Bernardo María. Parallel state and arbitral procedures in international arbitration. Paris: ICC Publishing, 2005.
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International Conference on the Reform of Commercial Arbitration Procedures (1994 London, England). An International Conference on the Reform of Commercial Arbitration Procedures. London: s.n., 1994.
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Schmitz, Andreas, Maria Siapera, Andriana Prentza, and Maria A. Wimmer. "Harmonization in eProcurement: Design of a Holistic Solution Model for Pre-award Procedures." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 18–33. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41138-0_2.
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Wagner, David M., and Karl W. Wöber. "Heterogeneous Market Research Information in Tourism - Implementing Meta-Analytical Harmonization Procedures in a Visitor Survey Database." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2003, 76–85. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6027-5_9.
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Brunini, Claudia, Patrizia Collesi, Roberta Roncati, and Mauro Scanu. "Verso un glossario unico per la statistica ufficiale italiana." In Proceedings e report, 33–45. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-364-2.05.
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The paper presents Istat activity with the institutional glossary. Methods and implementation of the glossary are described, given the peculiarity of official statistics terminology, which is actually official and binding given the link and interrelations with regulations and international official guidelines. The work of a specific structure called “Metadata harmonization group” set at Istat to meet the requirements of terms producers (surveys experts) and terms users (methodologists, communication and dissemination experts). Space is then given to the terminological procedures adopted to set new terms and validate existing (mostly the results of surveys, sometimes the variables). A proposal aimed at the glossary translation is then presented, as a complementary aspect of the terminological work; a short analysis of the problems related with the institutional translation is given in the last paraghraphs.
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Amelung, Nina, Rafaela Granja, and Helena Machado. "Conclusion." In Modes of Bio-Bordering, 137–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8183-0_9.
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Abstract The concluding chapter reviews and compares the modes of biobordering at the EU level and in Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal and the UK with a particular focus on the transnational exchange of DNA data within the Prüm system. This analysis reveals the multiplicity of heterogeneous biobordering regimes that enact different visions of Europe and nationhood and that have implications for de facto hidden integration and disintegration processes in the EU. ‘European integration’ is believed to be achievable by the harmonization of scientific and technical procedures in different countries. However, the mandatory elements of the Prüm Decisions were politically enforced without taking into consideration the significant differences between EU countries. Thus, hidden disintegration comes as a contingency regarding operational and organizational traditions, legislation, the nature of the criminal justice system, and national variations around the human and economic resources to invest in forensic DNA databases and DNA profiling technologies. The conclusion ends with a proposal of a typology systematizing biobordering dynamics derived from the empirical case studies.
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Васильєв, Сергій Володимирович. "Глава 3. Тенденції застосування додаткових процесуальних інституцій при здійсненні цивільного судочинства." In Серія «Процесуальні науки», 91–126. Київ, Україна: Видавництво "Алерта", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59835/978-617-566-770-5-1-3.
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One of the results of the process of legal globalization is the expansion of the spectrum of sources of law and the emergence of atypical (non-traditional) sources of law that are not characteristic of individual national legal systems, with the aim of officially expressing legal norms that actually regulate social relations. This process has a dualistic nature and is reduced not only to the procedural design of non-typical (non-traditional) sources of law, but also to the specifics of adoption, content, legal force and practice of applying such sources.It is noted that for a long time in the national doctrine of civil procedural law, the opinion prevailed that the form (source) of civil procedural law can only be normative legal acts, while the existence of others was denied. This provision was also supported at the official law-making level.The author is a supporter of the concept of two-level system of sources of civil procedural law of Ukraine which consists of traditional sources of civil procedural law with mandatory application and non-traditional sources of national legal systems, civil procedural law which have subsidiary (additional, auxiliary) character.Special attention in the research is paid to the elucidation of the nature and characteristics of legal sources of civil procedural law non-traditional for domestic type of legal family, which are characterized by specific scope of their application, narrower compared to normative legal acts, subsidiary character of the use and lack of or discrepancy of structure with accepted standards of legal techniques. These sources include: enforcement (judicial) practice, procedural agreement, legal doctrine, principles of law.Basic tendencies of development of civil procedural law sources among which the harmonization has a special importance, differentiation of judicial procedures, standardization of judicial procedures, improvement of procedural legislation, further systematization of sources of civil procedural law.
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Zhang, Chenyang. "Trial." In Win in Chinese Courts, 63–76. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3342-6_5.
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AbstractThe pretrial preparation and trial will commence after appropriate service of the court documents on all parties. Ordinary procedure, summary procedure and special procedure are three concepts of parallel standing in the CPL. Except for cases under the summary procedure and the special procedure, all the other cases are tried under the ordinary procedure, which is the basis of all procedures and covers all necessary steps stipulated by the CPL. Our introduction will firstly be based on the ordinary procedure as well. (1) After serving court documents on all parties, the court needs to wait at least 30 days (or 45 days if the defendant is a foreign party without domicile in China) for the defendant to submit statement of defense and evidence. After that, the court can arrange a pretrial conference or a court hearing. There is no specific provision on the process and content of the pretrial conference, and in practice, the pretrial conference may proceed as an ordinary court hearing. Therefore, we advise that the parties try to figure out the process and content of the pretrial conference, and even make proper preparations with reference to the requirements of the ordinary court hearing. (2) In China, the steps of a court hearing generally include: court-conducted investigation, debates in court, closing argument and mediation. Among them, court-conducted investigation and debates in court are the core steps of court trial. To avoid unnecessary repetition and improve trial efficiency, Chinese courts sometimes combine these two steps together. During the Chinese court trial, we should pay attention to the following points: Firstly, judges are not passive listeners, but the leaders and controllers of all trial activities. Secondly, judges generally care more about the fact finding than the opinions of the parties on the law application. Thirdly, Chinese courts attach importance to the trial efficiency, and therefore the parties need to express their opinions as concisely as possible. Fourthly, the court trial may be made publicly available on the Internet; some court trials are also conducted online. (3) After finishing court hearing, the court will make the first-instance judgment and serve it on the parties through legal means to complete the rendering thereof. The parties may appeal within 15 days (or 30 days, if the appellant is a foreign party without domicile in China) and initiate the second-instance procedure. (4) Generally speaking, the trial process of second instance is not so different from that of first instance. The second-instance judgment is the effective final judgment. Under certain circumstances, the second-instance court may also remand the case to the first-instance court for retrial. (5) The trial time limit of first-instance cases under ordinary procedure is 6 months, and can be extended twice up to 15 months. The trial time limit of second-instance cases is 3 months, and can be extended once up to 6 months. But it is sometimes difficult for Chinese courts to close the case within the statutory trial time limit due to the litigation explosion. (6) In addition to the ordinary procedure, Chinese courts will try cases with little dispute and simple legal relations through the summary procedure. Cases under summary procedure are tried by one judge only, with shorter trial period and more flexible and simpler trial procedures. The summary procedure is applicable to most cases accepted by Chinese courts. However, the summary procedure is not frequently applied to foreign-related cases in China. (7) For money-judgment cases with a disputed amount below a certain standard, the trial procedure thereof will be further simplified and referred to as “Small Claims Procedure”. The first instance of such cases is final, and no appeal is allowed. However, the small claims procedure is not applicable to foreign-related cases. (8) At last, all civil cases in China can be divided into two categories: foreign-related cases and non-foreign-related cases. Foreign-related cases refer to cases with foreign elements, including cases where one of the litigants is a foreigner or a foreign organization, etc. There are special rules for the trial of foreign-related cases under the Chinese legal system, mainly to protect the litigious rights of foreign parties. However, it is worth noting that if the parties submit a non-foreign-related case to a foreign court or arbitration institution, it is highly likely that Chinese courts may refuse to recognize and enforce the judgment/award so rendered. This is one of the reasons why we have to distinguish foreign-related cases from non-foreign-related cases.
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Trepte, Peter. "Contract Award Procedures." In Public Procurement In The Eu, 373–480. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199286911.003.0007.
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Abstract The rules on advertising and award procedures are similar in both the public and utilities sectors. However, in view of the special characteristics of the utilities sector, the presumption in favour of open or restricted tendering found in the case of the public sector is replaced with a more fixable approach and permits the contracting entities a free choice regarding the procedures they will employ.
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Bovis, Christopher. "Award Procedures and Criteria." In EC Public Procurement: Case Law and Regulation, 417–42. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199277926.003.0010.
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Abstract The process of liberalizing public procurement relies to a great extent on the principle of objectivity in the award of public contracts. The Court had the opportunity to reflect on award procedures under the relevant Directives and subject the negotiated procedures, particularly those without prior advertisement, to a restrictive interpretation. According to the Procurement Directives, negotiated procedures without prior notification shall be used restrictively inter alia ‘. . . when for technical or artistic reasons or reasons connected with the protection of exclusive rights the services could only be procured by a particular provider . . . and . . . in cases of extreme urgency brought about by events unforeseeable by the contracting authority.’
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Englisch, Joachim. "Lessons from EU VAT Harmonization." In VAT in the Digital Era, 185–213. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198888307.003.0009.
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Abstract This chapter analyses the common system of European Union value-added tax (EU VAT) as to the lessons that it holds for the harmonization of VAT/goods and services tax (GST) systems around the globe. The focus of the analysis is on the institutions, procedures, and arrangements that facilitate or complicate the creation as well as subsequent improvement and modernization of the harmonized VAT system. The chapter first explains the institutional framework for the development and implementation of VAT policy in the harmonized system of EU VAT. It then describes its historical trajectory to a dense layer of supranational legislation on VAT and provides four case studies of recent reform attempts. On this basis, several key factors that have contributed to the positive and negative outcomes of harmonization efforts, as well as the processes and institutions that are conducive to a uniform application of the harmonized rules, are discussed in more depth.
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"1988 a Spot Award. About a Baby’s Accident and the Successful Life-Saving Procedures in 1987." In Press Photography Award 1942–1998, 201–2. De Gruyter Saur, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110955767-073.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Harmonization of award procedures"
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Dorleans, Guy. "World Harmonization and Procedures for Lighting and Signaling Products." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/970913.
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Balestrieri, E., P. Daponte, and S. Rapuano. "Harmonization of standard procedures for ADC time domain dynamic testing." In 2009 IEEE Intrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imtc.2009.5168644.
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Barnes, Gerald J., and Robert J. Donohue. "A Manufacturer's View of World Emissions Regulations and the Need for Harmonization of Procedures." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/850391.
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Stein, H. Juergen, and Thorsten Herdan. "Worldwide Harmonization of Exhaust Emission Test Procedures for Nonroad Engines Based on the International Standard ISO 8178." In International Off-Highway & Powerplant Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/982043.
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Casas-Silva, Esmeralda, Lori D. Campbell, Kelly Engel, Sarah Greytak, Ping Guan, and Helen Moore. "Abstract 4763: NCI's Expert-Vetted Biospecimen Evidence-Based Practices (BEBP): A resource for harmonization of biospecimen collection procedures." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4763.
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Consonni, Marcello, Andrew Wasylyk, Stéphane Leclerc, Walter Sperko, and Philippe Malouines. "Comparison of the ASME, RCC-M and ISO Requirements for Welding Qualifications and Welding Quality." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60282.
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This paper provides a comparison between the requirements for the qualification of welding procedures, welders and welding operators, as well as for welding supervision/coordination and welding quality according to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel code (ASME BPVC Sections III and IX), the Afcen RCC-M code (France) for nuclear plant components, and ISO standards referenced to by the latter. The work was carried out within an international project that included other major codes and standards applied in the Nuclear sector, ie CSA (Canada), JSME (Japan), KEPIC (Korea) and Rostechnadzor PNAE G-7 (Russia), as part of a larger effort towards harmonization of nuclear pressure-boundary codes and standards. The comparison work aimed at identifying significant differences, as well as areas of current or potential convergence and future harmonization of the abovementioned codes and standards. A line-by-line comparison was carried out, using the ASME BPVC as the baseline. Corresponding requirements in the different codes and standards were identified and categorized as ‘identical’, ‘equivalent’, ‘technically different’ or ‘not specified’ (when addressed by the ASME BPVC only). The most significant differences are discussed and the main findings are presented, including upcoming code and standard changes that may affect harmonization. Concluding remarks are provided with regard to the future effort required for harmonization of the codes and standards considered, through convergence and/or reconciliation.
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Zavyalova, Ekaterina. "Trends in Post-Customs Control." In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2021. Baikal State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3040-3.29.
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An important role is given to post clearans control, in connection with the simplification and harmonization of customs procedures, the orientation of customs control for the period after release. The need to introduce post-customs control taking into account international standards and rules is shown. The experience of China on introduction of post-customs audit in the state system of customs control is presented.
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Stănescu, Șerban-Alexandru, and Ana-Maria Dimofte. "THE NATIONALITY OF THE ARBITRAL SENTENCE IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION." In ICBEL Boston 2024–International Conference on Business, Economics & Law, 12-13March. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icbellp.2024.216217.
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In the case of international disputes resolved by means of arbitration, the cross-border effects of the awards are essential for the parties. At first glance, these awards are assimilated to the national court judgements of the state where they were pronounced and are considered foreign court judgements in any other state. Nevertheless, in some cases, the links between the arbitral procedures and the place of pronouncement of the awards are weak or even non-existent, which raises serios doubts over the ability of this specific place to determine the nationality of the arbitral award. The described circumstance is the premise of the present scientific approach, which aims to deepen the analysis of the criteria for determining the nationality of an arbitral award (by a Romanian court), with implications on its cross-border effects, as well as on the procedures that could lead to its dissolution. From a methodological point of view, the research aims, successively, to inventory the applicable legal instruments, to delineate the solutions offered by them, in order to, finally, by overlapping them, provide a comprehensive theory on the determination of the nationality of an arbitral award.
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Brumovsky, Milan. "Unified Procedure for Lifetime Assessment of Components and Piping in WWER NPPs (VERLIFE)." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2962.
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Main goal of the project within the European Community 5th Framework Program was in a preparation, evaluation and mutual agreement of a “Unified Procedure for Lifetime Assessment of Components and Piping in WWER Type Nuclear Power Plants”. This procedure should be based on former Soviet rules and codes, as WWER components were designed and manufactured in accordance with requirements of these codes and from prescribed materials. Then, critical analysis of possible application of some approaches used in PWR type components was performed and such approaches have been incorporated into the prepared procedure as much as possible with the aim of a harmonization of WWER and PWR Codes and procedures. Preparation of a Unified Procedure for WWERs operating in Finland, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Hungary and Bulgaria will increase the level of lifetime/integrity evaluation in these countries and will help to elaborate a unified approach and fully comparable results between individual plants and countries. Then, harmonization with PWR codes allows to obtain results that will be comparable, reliable and more sophisticated as similar approaches will be used in both types of reactors. The paper described main principles, approaches and achievements of the “Unified Procedure...”.
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Held, Mateja. "DIGITALIZATION OF PROCEDURES IN SPATIAL PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION LAW IN CROATIA." In International Scientific Conference “Digitalization and Green Transformation of the EU“. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/27450.
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Spatial planning and construction are interdisciplinary areas in which various factors interweave, such as sociological, cultural, economic, environmental, etc. In the process of spatial planning, green and digital transformation has an indispensable role. Spatial plans’ developers should take into account protection of the environment, which is emphasized in the soft law mechanisms of the European Union (such as the European Green Deal) and the national spatial planning legislation. The aim of the paper is to present the EU legislation on the digitalization of spatial planning which reflects principles of the good administration as laid out in the Charter of the European Union on Fundamental Rights (effective, efficient and transparent public administration) and to research whether Croatia has suitable legislative framework for the digitalization in the area of spatial planning and construction. An additional goal is to research whether the legislative framework is functional and whether obstacles occur in practice. The paper is therefore divided in five chapters. After the introduction, the paper presents EU legislation, namely the so-called INSPIRE directive which serves as a basic tool for the harmonization of EU Member State’s policies regarding environmental questions and as a basis for the national spatial data infrastructures. The next chapter analyzes Croatian response to the INSPIRE directive after the accession of Croatia into the EU in 2013, till the recently adopted Digital Strategy of Croatia in 2023. After the insight into the context of the digitalization of Croatian public administration sector, research is focused on the Regulatory Framework of the Physical Planning Information System and on the reflection of the digitalization in procedures of the protection of the objective legality and subjective rights of the citizens. In those procedures, citizens are considered as collaborators who participate in the process of the spatial plan development. In the final part of the paper, recommendations are given for a better functioning of the digitalized procedures in the area of spatial planning and construction law in Croatia.
Reports on the topic "Harmonization of award procedures"
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Pouliquen, Sylvie. Network harmonization recommendations. EuroSea, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d3.7.
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Harmonisation data management procedures and implementing FAIR principles with the target to serve the data infrastructures: Copernicus Marine Service and EMODnet (first stage) as well as SeaDataNet and historical National Oceanographic Data Centres (later stage)
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.
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Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the sharing of registry data. While some information in this toolkit may be relevant in other countries, this toolkit focuses on best practices for sharing data within the United States. Considerations related to data sharing differ across registries depending on the type of registry, registry purpose, funding source(s), and other factors; as such, this toolkit describes general best practices and considerations rather than providing specific recommendations. Finally, data sharing raises complex legal, regulatory, operational, and technical questions, and none of the information contained herein should be substituted for legal advice. The toolkit is organized into three sections: “Preparing to Share Data,” “Governance,” and “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests.” The section on “Preparing to Share Data” discusses the role of appropriate legal rights to further share the data and the need to follow all applicable ethical regulations. Registries should also prepare for data sharing activities by ensuring data are maintained appropriately and developing policies and procedures for governance and data sharing. The “Governance” section describes the role of governance in data sharing and outlines key governance tasks, including defining and staffing relevant oversight bodies; developing a data request process; reviewing data requests; and overseeing access to data by the requesting party. Governance structures vary based on the scope of data shared and registry resources. Lastly, the section on “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests” discusses the operational steps involved in sharing data. Policies and procedures for sharing data may depend on what types of data are available for sharing and with whom the data can be shared. Many registries develop a data request form for external researchers interested in using registry data. When reviewing requests, registries may consider whether the request aligns with the registry’s mission/purpose, the feasibility and merit of the proposed research, the qualifications of the requestor, and the necessary ethical and regulatory approvals, as well as administrative factors such as costs and timelines. Registries may require researchers to sign a data use agreement or other such contract to clearly define the terms and conditions of data use before providing access to the data in a secure manner. The toolkit concludes with a list of resources and appendices with supporting materials that registries may find helpful.
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.
Full textAbstract:
Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the sharing of registry data. While some information in this toolkit may be relevant in other countries, this toolkit focuses on best practices for sharing data within the United States. Considerations related to data sharing differ across registries depending on the type of registry, registry purpose, funding source(s), and other factors; as such, this toolkit describes general best practices and considerations rather than providing specific recommendations. Finally, data sharing raises complex legal, regulatory, operational, and technical questions, and none of the information contained herein should be substituted for legal advice. The toolkit is organized into three sections: “Preparing to Share Data,” “Governance,” and “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests.” The section on “Preparing to Share Data” discusses the role of appropriate legal rights to further share the data and the need to follow all applicable ethical regulations. Registries should also prepare for data sharing activities by ensuring data are maintained appropriately and developing policies and procedures for governance and data sharing. The “Governance” section describes the role of governance in data sharing and outlines key governance tasks, including defining and staffing relevant oversight bodies; developing a data request process; reviewing data requests; and overseeing access to data by the requesting party. Governance structures vary based on the scope of data shared and registry resources. Lastly, the section on “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests” discusses the operational steps involved in sharing data. Policies and procedures for sharing data may depend on what types of data are available for sharing and with whom the data can be shared. Many registries develop a data request form for external researchers interested in using registry data. When reviewing requests, registries may consider whether the request aligns with the registry’s mission/purpose, the feasibility and merit of the proposed research, the qualifications of the requestor, and the necessary ethical and regulatory approvals, as well as administrative factors such as costs and timelines. Registries may require researchers to sign a data use agreement or other such contract to clearly define the terms and conditions of data use before providing access to the data in a secure manner. The toolkit concludes with a list of resources and appendices with supporting materials that registries may find helpful.
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Hertel, Thomas, Terrie Walmsley, and Ken Itakura. Dynamic Effects of the "New Age" Free Trade Agreement between Japan and Singapore. GTAP Working Paper, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp15.
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As manufacturing tariffs have fallen worldwide, the focus of free trade agreements has shifted towards other issues, including: rules governing foreign investment, e-commerce regulations, trade in services, harmonization of technical standards, sanitary and phyto-sanitary regulations, and the streamlining of customs procedures. Japan and Singapore are undertaking negotiations over this kind of "new-age" FTA. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the FTA on production, consumption, trade, international investment flows, GDP and welfare. We use a modified version of the dynamic GTAP model, which is well-suited to capturing the impact of this new-age FTA over both the short run and the longer run.
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Estache, Antonio, Renaud Foucart, and Tomás Serebrisky. When can lotteries improve public procurement processes? Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004522.
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We study the potential benefits of adding a lottery component to cut the main risks associated with standard negotiated and rule-based auction procurement procedures. We show that adopting a two stage approach in which bureaucrats first negotiate with a small number of bidders to assess their eligibility and, next, rely on a lottery to award the contract reduces corruption risks often observed in negotiated procedures. For rule-based procedures, we show that a “third-price lottery” in which the two highest bidders are selected with equal probability and the project is contracted at a price corresponding to the third highest bid can reduce limited liability, renegotiation, bid rigging and collusion risks.
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Jiménez, Efraim, and María Eugenia Roca. Innovation in the Methods of Public Procurement in Latin America and The Caribbean: Case studies. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010685.
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In recent years, Latin American and Caribbean countries (LAC) have modernized their public procurement systems and have been able to increase the efficiency and effectiveness in the use of public resources through new practices and technologies to promote greater competitiveness. The award decision based solely on price to ensure efficiency has also evolved into amulticriteria approach to include, beyond price, quality and sustainability criteria (economic, environmental, and social). Through this study, the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) contributes to the dialogue in LAC to promote the use of new public procurement procedures and practices. The study presents four innovative cases of procurement practices used in the region. These are inspired in practices in other regions, such as Europe and the United States. This study identifies some trends in public procurement procedures, which promote more flexible contracting frameworks in order to incorporate additional methods based on a broader approach of Value for Money in accordance with the principles of transparency, efficiency, economy, integrity and fairness. Innovation in public procurement contributes towards the achievement of development goals in the region.
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User Guide for Procurement of Plant Design, Supply, and Installation: Standard Bidding Document. Asian Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim210535-2.
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This document guides borrowers on how to prepare a bidding document for a single-responsibility contract covering design, supply, and installation of plant, and how to evaluate bids and award contracts for both single-stage and two-stage bidding procedures.