Relevant bibliographies by topics / Harmonic generation FEL

Academic literature on the topic 'Harmonic generation FEL'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Harmonic generation FEL"

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Dattoli, Giuseppe, Emanuele Di Palma, Silvia Licciardi, and Elio Sabia. "Free Electron Laser High Gain Equation and Harmonic Generation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010085.

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The FEL integral equation is reviewed here and is studied under different contexts, accounting for diverse physical regimes. We include higher order harmonics and saturation effects, and explain the origin of scaling relations, widely exploited to describe either FEL dynamics or nonnlinear harmonic generation.
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Zhukovsky, K. V. "Comparative theoretical analysis of harmonic generation in free electron lasers with various beam parameters." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 9 (2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/65/9/34.

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We theoretically study the generation of odd and even harmonics in particular in free electron lasers (FELs). The comparative analysis is held for the spectral properties of SPARC and LEUTL FEL radiation. We analyze several different theoretical approaches to the harmonic power computation, in particular with regard to even harmonics. We compare the results with available data for SPARC and LEUTL FELs. The influence of such FEL parameters as the finite beam section, emittance and originating from it betatron oscillations on the harmonic generation and radiation is analyzed.
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Zhukovsky, K. V. "Analytical account for off-axis effects in X-ray radiation of free electron lasers." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika 64, no. 1 (2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/64/1/21.

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We give analytical description of generation of harmonics of the undulator radiation (UR) with account for the finite electron beam size, emittance, off-axis beam deviation and electron energy spread, as well as for the constant magnetic components and field harmonics effects. We give exact analytical expressions for the generalized Bessel and Airy functions, which describe the spectrum line shape and intensities in the two-frequency bi-harmonic undulator with account for the above factors. The obtained analytical formulae distinguish contributions of each field component and every undulator and beam parameter on the harmonic radiation in free electron lasers (FEL). The effect of the field on the harmonic radiation is analyzed with account for the beam finite size and its off-axis deviation. The phenomenological model is employed for the FEL modeling; with its help we study the harmonic generation, including even ones, in the experiments LCLS and LEUTL. We demonstrate analytically that strong second FEL harmonic in X-ray FEL at the wavelengths λ = 0.75nm in the LCLS experiment is caused by the deviation of the electron trajectories off the axis in 15 μm on the gain length 1.6 m, which is comparable with the beam size; the strong second FEL harmonic in the LEUTL experiment at the wavelength λ = 192nm can be attributed to interaction of the electrons in wide, ~ 0.2 mm, beam with the photon radiation at the gain length 0.87 m. The modeling results fully agree with the measurements. The developed formalism allows the analysis of projected and built FELs and their radiation, helps minimizing losses and correcting magnetic fields; it also shows physical background and reasons for each harmonic radiated power in the FEL.
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Zhukovsky, K., and I. Potapov. "Two-frequency undulator usage in compact self-amplified spontaneous emission free electron laser in Roentgen range." Laser and Particle Beams 35, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 326–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000180.

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AbstractThe generation of harmonics in two-frequency undulator in a self-amplified spontaneous emission free electron laser (SASE FEL) is studied in order to produce Roentgen radiation in a relatively compact sized installation. The dynamics of SASE FEL is analyzed with the help of the phenomenological model to obtain the maximum of the X-ray high-harmonic power. The model accounts for the properties of the undulator magnetic field and of the electron beam and includes the major sources of losses, such as the electron energy spread, etc. It is compared and calibrated with the existing data on a FEL experiment. The advantages of the two-frequency undulator for Roentgen SASE FEL are demonstrated and the possibility to generate powerful mild Roentgen radiation at already ~25 m length is shown. The evolution of the bunching coefficients for high harmonics is studied together with the evolution of the FEL-induced energy spread. The linear and non-linear regimes are explored for common and for two-frequency undulators The usage of the two-frequency undulator for cascade SASE FEL with high X-ray harmonic power and high-harmonic bunching coefficients with low-induced energy spread is proposed.
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Zhukovsky, K., and A. Kalitenko. "Phenomenological and numerical analysis of power evolution and bunching in single-pass X-ray FELs." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518012444.

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The harmonic power and bunching evolution in X-ray single-pass free-electron lasers (FELs) is modelled and the harmonic generation in a phase-shifted two-frequency FEL is explored. The advanced phenomenological FEL model, which is validated numerically and experimentally, is employed. The model accounts for major losses for each harmonic individually; it is compared with reported experimental data and with PERSEO numerical simulations, which are performed here for a variety of experiments. The latter cover the radiation wavelength range 0.15–300 nm. The phenomenological description is based on a few key FEL parameters: electron beam section, current, energy and its spread and divergence. The model is employed for modelling harmonic bunching and power evolution in a phase-shifted X-ray FEL with a two-frequency undulator, where lower harmonics with numbers less than nth are suppressed by the electron–photon phase shift of kπ/n, k = 2, 4, …, between the undulator sections. The benefits of the two-frequency phase-shifted FEL are highlighted. FEL-induced energy spread is shown to be three times lower than in a FEL without the phase-shift. The high-power harmonic and sub-harmonic radiation in such a FEL is demonstrated. In particular, powerful ∼14 GW X-ray radiation at λ5 = 0.15 nm from electrons with energy of 5.47 GeV and beam current ∼3.66 kA is possible in a two-frequency phase-shifted FEL at 30 m; this constitutes half of a FEL length where a common planar undulator radiates the same wavelength and power at the fundamental harmonic. Moreover, about a three times lower energy spread is induced by the dominant fifth harmonic, and the harmonic power can be thousands of times higher than in a common planar undulator FEL.
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Жуковский, К. В. "Генерация мягкого рентгеновского излучения в компактном лазере на свободных электронах с умножением гармоник." Журнал технической физики 89, no. 3 (2019): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.03.47180.2600.

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AbstractSingle-pass free-electron lasers (FELs) with harmonic multiplication in the X-ray range are studied theoretically with the objective of producing intense radiation with the minimum possible FEL length, beam energy, and seed laser frequency. A cascade FEL with a two-frequency undulator for electron bunching at wavelengths of higher harmonics is proposed. The dynamics of radiation power in a FEL with harmonic multiplication cascades is investigated based on a well-proven phenomenological FEL model that covers all major losses for each harmonic in each FEL cascade. The effect of the beam quality on X-ray generation in a FEL is examined. It is demonstrated that electron beams with energy spread σ_ e ≤ 0.0002 are required for efficient use of harmonics in a cascade X-ray FEL. The evolution of power of harmonics in several cascade FELs at wavelengths of ~2–3 nm with multiplication of seed harmonics at a wavelength of 13.51 nm (Mo/Si reflection peak) and 11.43 nm (MoRu/Be reflection peak) is studied. It is demonstrated that the power increases to ~1 GW at a FEL length up to 40 m. In addition, the operation of multicascade FELs with a seed F _2 excimer 157-nm UV laser and harmonics of lasers with CO_2 and C_2H_2 at 30 nm with a beam of electrons with an energy of ~0.6 GeV and a current of ~1 kА is studied. The power of the modeled X-ray radiation of these FELs at λ = 2.5 and 3.3 nm increases to ~0.5 GW at ~30 m.
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Abo-Bakr, M., K. Goldammer, T. Kamps, J. Knobloch, B. Kuske, T. Leitner, and A. Meseck. "Nonlinear harmonic generation in the STARS FEL." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 593, no. 1-2 (August 2008): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.04.052.

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Zhukovsky, K. "High harmonic generation in undulators for FEL." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 369 (February 2016): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2015.10.041.

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Knobloch, Jens, and Markus Sauerborn. "STARS: A Cascaded High-Gain Harmonic-Generation FEL." Synchrotron Radiation News 20, no. 6 (November 23, 2007): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940880701744741.

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Zhang, Kaiqing, Tao Liu, Zheng Qi, Xiaoxi Fu, Chao Feng, Haixiao Deng, and Bo Liu. "Extending the Photon Energy Coverage of a Seeded Free-Electron Laser via Reverse Taper Enhanced Harmonic Cascade." Photonics 8, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8020044.

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External seeded free-electron lasers (FELs) hold promising prospects for producing intense coherent radiation at high harmonics of a conventional laser. The practical harmonic up-conversion efficiencies of current seeding techniques are limited by various three-dimensional effects on the electron beam. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to extend the wavelength coverage of a seeded FEL by combining the reverse taper undulator with the echo-enabled harmonic generation. The proposed technique can significantly enhance the bunching at ultra-high harmonics and preserve the electron beam qualities from degradation by deleterious effects. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are performed, and the results demonstrate that stable, intense, nearly fully coherent FEL pulses with photon energy up to 1 keV can be generated. The proposed technique may open up new opportunities to obtain laser-like pulses at sub-nanometer wavelength.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Harmonic generation FEL"

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Lutman, Alberto. "Impact of the wakefields and of an initial energy curvature on a Free Electron Laser." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3678.

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2008/2009
For an X-ray free electron laser (FEL), a high-quality electron bunch with low emittance, high peak current and energy is needed. During the phases of acceleration, bunch compression and transportation, the electron beam is subject to radio frequency curvature and to wakefields effects. Thus, the energy profile of the electron beam can present a parabolic profile, which has important electromagnetic effects on the FEL process. The quality of the electron beam is also degraded by the interaction with the low-gap undulator vacuum chamber. In our work we first analyze this interaction, deriving a formula to evaluate the longitudinal and the transversal wakefields for an elliptical cross section vacuum chamber, obtaining accurate results in the short range. Subsequently within the Vlasov-Maxwell one-dimensional model, we derive the Green functions necessary to evaluate the radiation envelope, having as initial conditions both an energy chirp and curvature on the electrons and eventually an initial bunching, which is useful to treat the harmonic generation FEL cascade configuration. This allows to study the impact of the elecron beam energy profile on the FEL performance. Using the derived Green functions we discuss FEL radiation properties such as bandwidth, frequency shift, frequency chirp and velocity of propagation. Finally, we propose a method to achieve ultra-short FEL pulses using a frequency chirp on the seed laser and a suitable electron energy profile.
XXII Ciclo
1980
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Natile, Michele. "High-repetition rate CEP-stable Yb-doped fiber amplifier for high harmonic generation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS149.

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Depuis une vingtaine d’années, la physique attoseconde, via le phénomène de génération d’harmoniques d’ordres élevés (HHG), a permis de nombreuses avancées dans la compréhension des phénomènes de dynamique ultra-rapide. Les lasers femtoseconde émettant des impulsions de fortes énergies et de durées de quelques cycles optiques sont les outils indispensables à cette physique. De plus, la phase entre la porteuse et l’enveloppe (CEP) des impulsions doit être contrôlée. Récemment les lasers basés sur les fibres dopées ytterbium ont permis de transposer les expériences d’HHG à haute cadence. La stabilisation de la CEP pour ce type de systèmes constitue la brique manquante au développement de sources à haute cadence pleinement compatibles avec ces applications. Cette thèse a été consacrée à la stabilisation CEP d’un laser à fibre dopée ytterbium pour une application à la génération de rayonnement cohérent dans l’XUV à fort flux de photon. Dans la première partie nous présentons l’architecture d’une source à un taux de répétition de 100 kHz stable en CEP émettant des impulsions de 30 microjoules et 96 fs. Ce système constitue une preuve de principe pour les futures sources haute énergie. La stabilisation de CEP est assurée par une architecture hybride composée d’un injecteur stabilisé passivement suivi d’un amplificateur de puissance stabilisé activement. Un bruit résiduel de CEP inférieur à 400 mrad est obtenu dans différentes configurations, de la mesure courte durée (1 s) tir à tir jusqu’à la mesure sur une heure de fonctionnement. Dans la seconde partie nous présentons la mise au point d’une ligne HHG XUV optimisée à 13 nm sur les paramètres d’un laser à fibre, pour des applications à l’imagerie par diffraction cohérente
In the last two decades, attosecond physics, based on the high harmonic generation (HHG) phenomenon, has allowed a better understanding of ultrafast dynamics in the microcosm. High-energy few-cycles carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stabilized sources are the main enabling tools for this physics. Recently, temporally compressed Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers have been successfully used as high XUV photon flux HHG drivers. CEP stabilization of these sources would ensure their full compatibility with attoscience. The thesis is devoted to the CEP stabilization of a high repetition rate Yb-doped fiber femtosecond source, for high XUV photon flux beamline applications. In the first part, we present the architecture of such a source at 100 kHz repetition rate delivering 30 microjoules 96 fs CEP-stable pulses. It constitutes a test bench for future energy-scaled few-cycle sources. The CEP stabilization is ensured in a hybrid architecture including a passively stabilized frontend followed by an actively stabilized power amplifier. A residual CEP noise <400 mrad is measured using various setups, including a shot-to-shot measurement over 1 s and a long-term stability over 1 h. In the second part, we discuss the design of a high flux HHG beamline optimized for a future generation of fiber-based driver at 13 nm for applications to coherent diffraction imaging
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Pierce, Seth J. "Reducing stator current harmonics for a doubly-fed induction generator connected to a distorted grid." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/37693.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The Department of Defense (DoD) is increasing its demand for reliable renewable energy sources. The doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is widely used to extract electrical energy from wind and is a useful means for the DoD to achieve its renewable energy goals. The DFIG is susceptible to electric grid voltage harmonics, which is a potential obstacle for implementing stable wind-energy systems. Two existing rotor voltage controllers are modeled in this thesis for eventual implementation in a laboratory DFIG wind energy system. The first controller uses multiple proportional-integral (PI) controllers to filter out the fifth and seventh stator current harmonics. Each PI controller operates in a reference frame that rotates in synchronicity with the harmonic that is being filtered. The second controller operates in the synchronous reference frame and simultaneously filters both the fifth and seventh stator current harmonics using a double integrator called a proportional-resonant controller (PR). The PI controller is shown to be more effective at eliminating the stator current than the PR controller but has a slower reaction time. The PR controller requires fewer computations but has more stability concerns. Both controllers reduce torque oscillations resulting from the grid distortion by approximately the same amount.
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ZHENG, XIANGPENG. "Control method for the wind turbine driven by doubly fed induction generator under the unbalanced operating conditions." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1367717182.

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Santana, Marcelo Patrício de. "Controle vetorial aplicado à redução das ondulações do torque eletromagnético no gerador de indução duplamente alimentado em sistemas eólicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-31012018-155034/.

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Este trabalho apresenta um sistema de controle com o objetivo de atenuar as ondulações do torque eletromagnético considerando os harmônicos de quinta, sétima, décima primeira e décima terceira ordem da tensão do estator do Gerador de Indução Duplamente Alimentado (GIDA). Dessa maneira, propõe-se a utilização de controladores proporcional-integrativo vetoriais juntamente com um sistema de identificação dos componentes harmônicos da corrente do estator empregando a transformada discreta de Fourier. O trabalho aborda a influência dos harmônicos de quinta, sétima, décima primeira e décima terceira ordem da tensão do estator nos harmônicos da corrente do estator, nas ondulações do torque eletromagnético e nas potências ativa e reativa do estator. Resultados de simulação avaliam o controlador proposto em condições adversas: variações paramétricas e da frequência da rede, além da influência de atrasos na corrente do estator. Finalmente, resultados experimentais validam o sistema proposto.
This work presents a vector controller with the objective of reducing the electromagnetic torque and the active and reactive powers of the stator by means of control of the harmonics of the stator current in harmonic conditions of fifth, seventh, eleventh and thirteenth order of the stator voltage. The objective of the work is to propose a controller that uses two techniques already consolidated in the literature, proportional-integrative and discrete Fourier transform, besides being robust the main disadvantages of the existing harmonic controllers in the literature that are dependencies of the parameters of the machine and the Frequency of the network beyond the influence of the stator current delays on the harmonic controller. First, the influence of the fifth, seventh, eleventh, eleventh and thirteenth order harmonics of the stator voltage on the harmonics of the stator current and on the undulations of the electromagnetic torque and the active and reactive powers of the stator are studied. Next, simulation results evaluate the proposed controller under adverse conditions: parametric variations and the frequency of the network, besides the influence of stator current delays. Finally, experimental results validate the controller under conditions that the controller reference is nonzero.
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Books on the topic "Harmonic generation FEL"

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Ceccucci, Piero, ed. Fiorenza mia…! Firenze e dintorni nella poesia portoghese d'oggi. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-329-6.

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In the Portuguese imagination Florence is justly considered the cradle of modern western civilisation. Seen and admired from the Renaissance on as the new Athens, for the Portuguese it has always represented not only a model of culture and civilisation to take as inspiration, but also and above all the locus amoenus of spiritual and intellectual harmony and balance, dreamed-of and unattainable, that floods and pervades the soul with a vague, nostalgic sentiment of admiration. Evidence of this, now as in the past, are the serried ranks of poets who for centuries have sung its praises and raised it to the rank of myth. This brief anthology proposes only a few of them, among the most renowned of recent generations. In a truly original way these poets have managed to convey to the hearts and minds of their compatriots their own stunned vision of the city, illustrating emotions that cannot fail to move even the Florentines and, in a broader sense, we Italians as a whole. Thus what is offered in these pages, in fine Italian translation, is this mesh of voices, an intimate and enthralling polyphony of city, poet and reader, unfurling in an evocative melody and proposing the legend of Florence in a new light – possibly more authentic and illuminating.
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Book chapters on the topic "Harmonic generation FEL"

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Jia, Qi-ka. "Optimization of optical klystron for coherent harmonic generation FEL." In Free Electron Lasers 1997, 246–50. Elsevier, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-82978-8.50054-3.

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Nakao, N., M. Kokubo, K. Imasaki, M. Fujita, K. Ohkubo, A. Moon, P. K. Roy, et al. "FEL experiment of the 5th harmonic generation with a modified wiggler." In Free Electron Lasers 1997, 374–79. Elsevier, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-82978-8.50078-6.

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Hayakawa, Y., I. Sato, K. Hayakawa, T. Tanaka, K. Yokoyama, K. Kanno, T. Sakai, K. Ishiwata, K. Nakao, and E. Hashimoto. "Characteristics of the fundamental FEL and the higher harmonic generation at LEBRA." In Free Electron Lasers 2002, 404–8. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-51417-2.50095-x.

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Ogawa, H., K. Yamada, N. Sei, M. Yasumoto, and T. Mikado. "Simulation study on the coherent harmonic generation at the NIJI-IV FEL with a hole-coupled resonator." In Free Electron Lasers 2003, 301–4. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-51727-2.50070-5.

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Dattoli, G., L. Giannessi, and P. L. Ottaviani. "MOPA optical klystron FELs and coherent harmonic generation." In Free Electron Lasers 2002, 26–30. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-51417-2.50013-4.

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Rippon, C., R. Bartolini, G. Dattoli, L. Giannessi, M. E. Couprie, and D. Garzella. "Self-consistent harmonic generation in storage ring FELs." In Free Electron Lasers 2002, 299–303. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-51417-2.50072-9.

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Litvinenko, Vladimir N. "New results and prospects for harmonic generation in storage ring FELs." In Free Electron Lasers 2002, 265–73. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-51417-2.50066-3.

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"Resonant Control of DFIG Under Grid Voltage Harmonics Distortion." In Advanced Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Power Systems, 195–235. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119172093.ch8.

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Toumi, Sana, Mohamed Benbouzid, and Mohamed Faouzi Mimouni. "State-of-the-Art on the Marine Current Turbine System Faults." In Exergy - New Technologies and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109517.

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This chapter deals with the state of the art on the marine current turbine (MCT) system faults. Indeed, the MCT structure consists of a marine turbine, a generator (permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) or doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)), and a PWM power converter. Nevertheless, these systems are exposed to functional and environmental severe conditions. Firstly, the power increase leads to a higher current and/or voltage. Second, the installation of the MCT system under the sea and the existence of the swell and wave imply harmonic current speeds. In fact, several faults (related to the turbine, the generator, the blades, and the converters) can occur in the MCT system. Most of these faults generate the speed and the torque oscillations, which can lead to mechanical vibrations and the rapid destruction of the insulating material generator. Consequently, MCT system performances can be degraded.
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Sommer, Doris. "A Picaresque Parrot and Decent Domesticity." In The Oxford Handbook of the Latin American Novel. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197541852.013.2.

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Abstract Latin America fell in love with itself after the Revolutions of Independence, thanks to self-liberated heroes who courted heroines of various colors and classes and became mutually authorizing citizens. As new countries took shape and constructed institutions, the intense engagement and optimism created, among other foundations, a canon of national romances. Authors of national novels were typically founding fathers who helped to consolidate their new republics during the promising generation for democratic institutions, roughly between the 1850s and 1880s. Legislators, generals, or diplomats by day, they were creative writers by night. The novels projected a path toward harmony and growth through the language of love. Old World tyranny had ended, and people were free to husband the land. Husbands needed equally admirable wives to produce new generations of citizens. But before the passionate military and marital conquests, before romance named the mood and the genre of novel experiments, an ironic Baroque adventure story captured the folly of colonial posturing that passed for elegance; it also indicted the passionate resistance that would soon erupt.
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Conference papers on the topic "Harmonic generation FEL"

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Wantuck, P. J., Q. D. Appert, K. Tong, and D. J. Pistoresi. "Effectiveness of Metal-Coated Diffraction Gratings at Grazing and Near Normal Incidence as Harmonic Scrubbers." In Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.od329.

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High power free electron lasers (PEL) can produce significant amounts of harmonic radiation. These harmonic components represent a substantial damage threat to the optical elements comprising the laser resonator. In this paper we discuss the merits of using blind gratings in both the paraboloid and grazing incidence hyperboloid mirrors of a 1.06-micron FEL under construction by the Boeing Aerospace Company. Grating designs developed for use at grazing incidence are not very efficient for dispersing the harmonics. However, blind gratings positioned in the paraboloid exhibit better filtering capability.
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Abo-Bakr, M., W. Anders, J. Bahrdt, K. Buerkmann, P. Budz, O. Dressler, H. Durr, et al. "STARS - a two-stage high-gain harmonic generation FEL demonstrator." In 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.2007.4440941.

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Stolovy, G., W. Wadensweiler, J. M. J. Madey, S. Benson, and Michel Velghe. "High Quality Hybrid Wiggler For Infrared Fel And Coherent Harmonic Generation." In International Conference on Insertion Devices for Synchrotron Sources, edited by Ingolf E. Lindau and Roman O. Tatchyn. SPIE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.950926.

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Ingold, Gerhold, Lorraine Solomon, Ilan Ben-Zvi, Samuel Krinsky, D. Li, Donald R. Lynch, Joe Sheehan, et al. "Superconducting short-period undulator for a harmonic generation FEL experiment in the infrared." In SPIE's 1993 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation, edited by Henry P. Freund. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.164787.

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Biedron, Sandra G., Henry P. Freund, and Stephen V. Milton. "3D FEL code for the simulation of a high-gain harmonic generation experiment." In Optoelectronics '99 - Integrated Optoelectronic Devices, edited by Harold E. Bennett and David H. Dowell. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.352655.

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Bali, I. M., T. P. Pandya, Pallavi Jha, Anchal Srivastava, and R. K. Shukla. "Radiation at Higher Free Electron Laser Frequencies." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.wy1.

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The phenomenon of harmonic generation can lead to extension of the tunable range of FEL to higher frequencies without using ever higher electron beam energies.1 Linearly polarized wigglers have been utilised for this purpose. An analysis of the electron beam dynamics in such a configuration shows that the harmonics are generated due to the resulting axial electron oscillations of small amplitude. Following single particle approach, we show here that similar electron dynamics can be generated by using circularly polarized wigglers alongwith an appropriately directed axial magnetic field of suitable strength.
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7

Glotin, F., D. Jaroszynski, O. Marconilié, J. M. Ortega, and R. Prazeres. "Simultaneous Two-Frequency Bunching in a Free-Electron Laser." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.ctud2.

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Summary : The CLIO infrared free-electron laser (FEL) is used as an user facility(1) since 1993. CLIO spectral range spans 3 to 50 µm and its peak power is several MW in 0.2 to 5 ps long micropulses. It is based on a dedicated radiofrequency linear accelerator. The repetition rate of the micropulses can be varied from to 32 to 4 ns during 10 µs long macropulses (at up to 50 Hz) and average power up to a few Watts is achievable. About 2400 hours of laser beam time are produced annually, of which 1600 are dedicated to laser users and 800 to FEL physics and optimisation studies : ultrashort FEL pulses, 2-colors operation, undulator step tapering, harmonic generation, self amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) and Compton backscattering. The CLIO infrared free-electron laser (FEL) is used as an user facility(1) since 1993. CLIO spectral range spans 3 to 50 µm and its peak power is several MW in 0.2 to 5 ps long micropulses. It is based on a dedicated radiofrequency linear accelerator. The repetition rate of the micropulses can be varied from to 32 to 4 ns during 10 µs long macropulses (at up to 50 Hz) and average power up to a few Watts is achievable. About 2400 hours of laser beam time are produced annually, of which 1600 are dedicated to laser users and 800 to FEL physics and optimisation studies : ultrashort FEL pulses, 2-colors operation, undulator step tapering, harmonic generation, self amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) and Compton backscattering. The two-colors operation has been demonstrated for the first lime with an FEL<2)by using a very simple scheme : two undulators are used, instead of one, and they arc tuned to different resonnant frequencies. By varying these frequencies (i.e. the undulator magnetic gaps) one can vary independanlly the wavelength of the colors within the optical gain bandwidth. On CLIO, at a given electron energy, the 2-colors wavelengths can be separated by a factor of up to two, when using a hole as the laser cavity output coupler. It was easily verified that the 2 colors are occuring simultaneously during the 10 ps long macropulse. However, the frequency distribution inside the micropulse remained unknown. Recently, we have studied the distribution of the 2 colors within the micropulse, which is only a few picosecond long, by means of sum frequency generation in a Te crystal. The occurcncc of the 2 colors sum frequency show ■ that they are produced simultaneously by the electron beam circulating in the undulators. Therefore the resulting electron beam shape does not look like 2, or more, successive trains of regularly spaced pulses, one for each color; it exhibits a more complicated structure corresponding to the superposition of 2 pulse trains, each being at a different frequency, i.e. a 2-frequency bunching. Autocorrelation spectra of the sum frequency and of each, doubled, single frequency have been recorded in order to better understand the distribution of the different colors within the micropulsc.
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8

Yu, Li Hua. "Single Pass Free Electron Lasers as Sources of Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation." In Applications of High Field and Short Wavelength Sources. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hfsw.1997.fc4.

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Free electron lasers utilize a relativistic electron beam as the laser medium, which results in unique properties beneficial to the generation and amplification of short wavelength coherent radiation. Since the resonance condition can be adjusted by varying externally controlled parameters such as the electron energy or the wiggler magnetic field strength, these devices are well suited to produce sources with tunable wavelength. Also, there is no problem with the medium having undesirable absorption at particular wavelengths. Development of free electron laser oscillators utilizing optical cavities has proved very successful in the infrared. As one considers moving into the vacuum ultraviolet and x-ray regions, mirrors become more difficult, and it is worthwhile to consider devices based upon single pass amplification. One approach is to utilize an external laser to seed the FEL amplifier. At short wavelengths a seed at the operating wavelength may be unavailable, but one can use a subharmonic seed at longer wavelength and carry out harmonic generation in the FEL. This scheme has many merits especially in the ultraviolet region from 75nm-200nm. The temporal coherence of the output is inherited from the seed laser. Another approach is to start the FEL from the spontaneous radiation emitted at the beginning of the wiggler. This approach is viable at very short wavelengths where even subharmonic seeds are unavailable. Devices based on self-amplified spontaneous radiation are capable of delivering high intensity and good transverse coherence, but the frequency bandwidth cannot be as narrow as achievable in an oscillator or seeded amplifier.
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9

Larsson, J., C. Altucci, A. L'Huillier, E. Mevel, S. Svanberg, and C. G. Wahlström. "Application of High-Order Harmonic Generation in Spectroscopy." In High Resolution Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hrfts.1994.wd5.

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High-order harmonic generation, using high-power, short-pulse lasers has been shown to be an efficient way to generate coherent radiation in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray spectral regions. The characteristics of this radiation depends on the specifications of the exciting laser. Using, for example, the Ti:Sapphire laser system in Lund, which produces up to 150 mJ in 150 fs, we can generate very high-order harmonics. However, the pulse width of the generated harmonics is shorter than that of the fundamental, and the spectral width is large: e.g., for the 15 th harmonic, the resolution Δλ/λ, is only a few times 10-3.
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10

Salières, P., Ph Antoine, A. L’Huillier, B. Carré, and M. Lewenstein. "Coherence Properties of Ultrashort High-Order Harmonics." In Applications of High Field and Short Wavelength Sources. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hfsw.1997.the17.

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Recently, high-order harmonic generation has attracted considerable interest for the possibility of generating ultrashort XUV pulses. With the advent of intense lasers that produce pulses of duration a few tens of fs, harmonic pulses of duration below 10 fs can be generated. To pass the limit of the (optical) fundamental period, different schemes have been proposed. Antoine et al. [1] showed that propagation in the macroscopic medium could lead to a phase locking of the different harmonics, resulting in emission of a train of attosecond pulses. Corkum et al. [2] proposed to use the extreme sensitivity of the harmonic efficiency on the polarization of the fundamental field to "extract" a single pulse from such a train.
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Reports on the topic "Harmonic generation FEL"

1

Zhang, X., I. Ben-Zvi, G. Ingold, S. Krinsky, and L. H. Yu. Design of dispersion section for the ATF harmonic generation FEL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7010213.

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2

Zhang, X., I. Ben-Zvi, G. Ingold, S. Krinsky, and L. H. Yu. Design of dispersion section for the ATF harmonic generation FEL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185499.

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3

YU, L. H. SOFT X-RAY FEL BY CASCADING STAGES OF HIGH GAIN HARMONIC GENERATION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/810583.

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4

Zhang, X., I. Ben-Zvi, G. Ingold, S. Krinsky, and L. H. Yu. End effects and orbit correction in the wiggler for the ATF harmonic generation FEL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7226263.

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5

Zhang, X., I. Ben-Zvi, G. Ingold, S. Krinsky, and L. H. Yu. End effects and orbit correction in the wiggler for the ATF harmonic generation FEL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185493.

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