Journal articles: 'HARA utility'

1

Lim, A. E. B., and Xun Yu Zhou. "Risk-sensitive control with HARA utility." IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 46, no. 4 (April 2001): 563–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9.917658.

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Wang, Chunfeng, Hao Chang, and Zhenming Fang. "Optimal Consumption and Portfolio Decision with Heston’s SV Model Under HARA Utility Criterion." Journal of Systems Science and Information 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2017): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21078/jssi-2017-021-13.

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Abstract This paper studies the optimal consumption-investment strategy with Heston’s stochastic volatility (SV) model under hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility criterion. The financial market is composed of a risk-less asset and a risky asset, whose price process is supposed to be driven by Heston’s SV model. The risky preference of the individual is assumed to satisfy HARA utility, which recovers power utility, exponential utility and logarithm utility as special cases. HARA utility is of general framework in the utility theory and is seldom studied in the existing literatures. Legendre transform-dual technique along with stochastic dynamic programming principle is presented to deal with our problem and the closed-form solution to the optimal consumption-investment strategy is successfully obtained. Finally, some special cases are derived in detail.

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KINGSTON, GEOFFREY, and SUSAN THORP. "Annuitization and asset allocation with HARA utility." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 4, no. 3 (October 6, 2005): 225–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747205002088.

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A new explanation for the well-known reluctance of retirees to buy life annuities is due to Milevsky and Young (2002, 2003): Since the decision to purchase longevity insurance is largely irreversible, in uncertain environments a real option to delay annuitization (RODA) generally has value. Milevsky and Young analytically identify and numerically estimate the RODA in a setting of constant relative risk aversion. This paper presents an extension to the case of HARA (or GLUM) preferences, the simplest representation of a consumption habit. The precise date of annuitization can no longer be ascertained with certainty in advance. This paper derives an approximation whereby the agent precommits. The effect of increasing the subsistence consumption rate on the timing of annuity purchase is similar to the effect of increasing the curvature parameter of the utility function. As in the CRRA case studied by Milevsky and Young, delayed annuitization is associated with optimistic predictions of the Sharpe ratio and divergence between annuity purchaser and provider predictions of mortality.

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Breuer, Wolfgang, and Marc Gürtler. "Performance Evaluation, Portfolio Selection, and HARA Utility." European Journal of Finance 12, no. 8 (December 2006): 649–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518470500460228.

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Duffie, Darrell, Wendell Fleming, H. Mete Soner, and Thaleia Zariphopoulou. "Hedging in incomplete markets with HARA utility." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 21, no. 4-5 (May 1997): 753–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1889(97)00002-x.

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Haley, M. Ryan, M. Kevin McGee, and Todd B. Walker. "Disparity, Shortfall, and Twice-Endogenous HARA Utility." Econometric Reviews 32, no. 4 (April 2013): 524–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474938.2012.690672.

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Chang, Hao, and Xi-min Rong. "Legendre Transform-Dual Solution for a Class of Investment and Consumption Problems with HARA Utility." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/656438.

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This paper provides a Legendre transform method to deal with a class of investment and consumption problems, whose objective function is to maximize the expected discount utility of intermediate consumption and terminal wealth in the finite horizon. Assume that risk preference of the investor is described by hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility function, which includes power utility, exponential utility, and logarithm utility as special cases. The optimal investment and consumption strategy for HARA utility is explicitly obtained by applying dynamic programming principle and Legendre transform technique. Some special cases are also discussed.

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Chang, Hao, Kai Chang, and Ji-mei Lu. "Portfolio Selection with Liability and Affine Interest Rate in the HARA Utility Framework." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/312640.

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This paper studied an asset and liability management problem with stochastic interest rate, where interest rate is assumed to be governed by an affine interest rate model, while liability process is driven by the drifted Brownian motion. The investors wish to look for an optimal investment strategy to maximize the expected utility of the terminal surplus under hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility function, which consists of power utility, exponential utility, and logarithm utility as special cases. By applying dynamic programming principle and Legendre transform, the explicit solutions for HARA utility are achieved successfully and some special cases are also discussed. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate our results.

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Deng, Chao, Hui Wu, and Shengjie Yue. "Optimal reinsurance and investment policies under HARA utility." International Journal of Computing and Optimization 6, no. 1 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ijco.2019.932.

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Guu, S. M., and J. N. Wang. "Zero-Level Pricing and the HARA Utility Functions." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 139, no. 2 (April 22, 2008): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10957-008-9420-4.

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Huang, Minyi. "A Mean Field Capital Accumulation Game with HARA Utility." Dynamic Games and Applications 3, no. 4 (August 21, 2013): 446–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13235-013-0092-9.

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Trottier, Denis-Alexandre, Van Son Lai, and Anne-Sophie Charest. "CAT Bond Spreads via HARA Utility and Nonparametric Tests." Journal of Fixed Income 28, no. 1 (June 11, 2018): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jfi.2018.1.062.

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Bo, Lijun, Xindan Li, Yongjin Wang, and Xuewei Yang. "Optimal Investment and Consumption with Default Risk: HARA Utility." Asia-Pacific Financial Markets 20, no. 3 (March 10, 2013): 261–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10690-013-9167-2.

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Çanakoğlu, Ethem, and Süleyman Özekici. "Portfolio selection in stochastic markets with HARA utility functions." European Journal of Operational Research 201, no. 2 (March 2010): 520–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.03.017.

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15

Yan, Wei. "Closed-Form Optimal Strategies of Continuous-Time Options with Stochastic Differential Equations." Complexity 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8734235.

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A continuous-time portfolio selection with options based on risk aversion utility function in financial market is studied. The different price between sale and purchase of options is introduced in this paper. The optimal investment-consumption problem is formulated as a continuous-time mathematical model with stochastic differential equations. The prices processes follow jump-diffusion processes (Weiner process and Poisson process). Then the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation of the problem is represented and its solution is obtained in different conditions. The above results are applied to a special case under a Hyperbolic Absolute Risk Aversion (HARA) utility function. The optimal investment-consumption strategies about HARA utility function are also derived. Finally, an example and some discussions illustrating these results are also presented.

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Ellanskaya, A., and L. Vostrikova. "Utility Maximisation and Utility Indifference Price for Exponential Semi-martingale Models and HARA Utilities." Труды Математического института им. Стеклова 287, no. 04 (2014): 75–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0371968514040050.

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Ellanskaya, A., and L. Vostrikova. "Utility maximisation and utility indifference price for exponential semi-martingale models and HARA utilities." Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics 287, no. 1 (December 2014): 68–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0081543814080057.

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18

Lienhard, Markus. "Calculation of Price Equilibria for Utility Functions of the HARA Class." ASTIN Bulletin 16, S1 (April 1986): S91—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0515036100011673.

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AbstractWe explicitly calculate price equilibria for power and logarithmic utility functions which—together with the exponential utility functions—form the so-called HARA (Hyperbolic Absolute Risk Aversion) class.A price equilibrium is economically admissible in the market which is a closed system. Furthermore it is on the one side individually optimal for each participant of the market (in the sense of maximal expected utility), on the other side it is a Pareto optimum and thus collectively optimal for the market as a whole.

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Lin, Tyrone T. "A new real options entry model with HARA utility class." Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 25, no. 1 (January 2004): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2004.10699597.

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20

Escobar, M., D. Neykova, and R. Zagst. "HARA utility maximization in a Markov-switching bond–stock market." Quantitative Finance 17, no. 11 (July 18, 2017): 1715–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2017.1302600.

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21

Perera, Ryle S. "Dynamic asset allocation for a bank under CRRA and HARA framework." International Journal of Financial Engineering 02, no. 03 (September 2015): 1550031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786315500310.

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This paper analyzes an optimal investment and management strategy for a bank under constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) and hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility functions. We assume that the bank can invest in treasuries, stock index fund and loans, in an environment subject to stochastic interest rate and inflation uncertainty. The interest rate and the expected rate of inflation follow a correlated Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes and the risk premia are constants. Then we consider the portfolio choice under a power utility that the bank's shareholders can maximize expected utility of wealth at a given investment horizon. Closed form solutions are obtained in a dynamic portfolio optimization model. The results indicate that the optimal proportion invested in treasuries increases while the optimal proportion invested in the loans progressively decreases with respect to time.

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22

Kim, Jai Heui. "A CONVERGENCE OF OPTIMAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES FOR THE HARA UTILITY FUNCTIONS." East Asian mathematical journal 31, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7858/eamj.2015.009.

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23

ESCOBAR-ANEL, MARCOS, ANDREAS LICHTENSTERN, and RUDI ZAGST. "BEHAVIORAL PORTFOLIO CHOICE UNDER HYPERBOLIC ABSOLUTE RISK AVERSION." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 23, no. 07 (October 23, 2020): 2050045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024920500454.

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This paper studies the optimal investment problem for a behavioral investor with probability distortion functions and an S-shaped utility function whose utility on gains satisfies the Inada condition at infinity, albeit not necessarily at zero, in a complete continuous-time financial market model. In particular, a piecewise utility function with hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) is applied. The considered behavioral framework, cumulative prospect theory (CPT), was originally introduced by [A. Tversky & D. Kahneman (1992) Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 5 (4), 297–323]. The utility model allows for increasing, constant or decreasing relative risk aversion. The continuous-time portfolio selection problem under the S-shaped HARA utility function in combination with probability distortion functions on gains and losses is solved theoretically for the first time, the optimal terminal wealth and its replicating wealth process and investment strategy are stated. In addition, conditions on the utility and the probability distortion functions for well-posedness and closed-form solutions are provided. A specific probability distortion function family is presented which fulfills all those requirements. This generalizes the work by [H. Jin & X. Y. Zhou (2008) Behavioral portfolio selection in continuous time, Mathematical Finance 18 (3), 385–426]. Finally, a numerical case study is carried out to illustrate the impact of the utility function and the probability distortion functions.

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LIENHARD, Markus. "Calculation of the Price Equilibria for Utility Functions of the HARA Class." ASTIN Bulletin 16, no. 3 (December 1, 1986): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.16.3.2014995.

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25

Wang, Chun-Feng, Hao Chang, and Zhen-Ming Fang. "Optimal Portfolio and Consumption Rule with a CIR Model Under HARA Utility." Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 6, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 107–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40305-017-0189-8.

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Callegaro, Giorgia, and Tiziano Vargiolu. "Optimal portfolio for HARA utility functions in a pure jump multidimensional incomplete market." International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management 11, no. 1/2 (2009): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2009.022204.

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Chang, Hao, and Kai Chang. "Optimal consumption–investment strategy under the Vasicek model: HARA utility and Legendre transform." Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 72 (January 2017): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2016.10.014.

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Jung, Eun Ju, and Jai Heui Kim. "Optimal investment strategies for the HARA utility under the constant elasticity of variance model." Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 51, no. 3 (November 2012): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2012.09.009.

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Dostál, Petr. "Investment strategies in the long run with proportional transaction costs and a HARA utility function." Quantitative Finance 9, no. 2 (March 2009): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14697680802039873.

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Chevallier, Eric, and Heinz H. Müller. "Risk Allocation in Capital Markets: Portfolio Insurance, Tactical Asset Allocation and Collar Strategies." ASTIN Bulletin 24, no. 1 (May 1994): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.24.1.2005077.

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AbstractThe theory of risk exchange is applied on the allocation of financial risk in capital markets. It is shown how the shape of individual payoff functions depends on risk tolerance and cautiousness. For the special case where the Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions of all individual investors belong to the HARA class and have non decreasing risk tolerance it is proved that generalized versions of “portfolio insurance”, “tactical asset allocation” and “collars” are the only strategies occurring in price equilibrium.

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Lin, Tyrone T., and Tsai-Ling Liu. "An Optimal Compensation Agency Model for Sustainability under the Risk Aversion Utility Perspective." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14030106.

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This paper explores how to construct a fair and optimal compensation system between the principal and the agent in the face of financial compensation agency problems during a limited period in relation to the concept of sustainability. In the construction of the principal’s compensation system, the agent’s degree of operational financial effort will affect the overall revenue function for reaching sustainability. Both the principal and the agent have a maximum expected utility in the negative exponential pattern of the general hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility function that satisfies their respective objective functions. The proposed model and numerical example analysis results prove that the compensation system for sustainability can provide a fair and optimal financial system, from a sustainability perspective. The main contribution of this study is the construction and development of an optimal compensation agency model for risk management, which is derived by considering the effect of risk aversion utility on revenue. The proposed model can provide a fair and feasible approach within the issue of compensation, from the viewpoint of sustainability, for an optimal compensation agency problem.

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Brocas, Isabelle, Juan D. Carrillo, Aleksandar Giga, and Fernando Zapatero. "Risk Aversion in a Dynamic Asset Allocation Experiment." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 54, no. 5 (September 19, 2018): 2209–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109018001151.

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We conduct a controlled laboratory experiment in the spirit of Merton (1971), in which subjects dynamically choose their portfolio allocation between a risk-free and risky asset. Using the optimal allocation of an investor with hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility, we fit the experimental choices to characterize the risk profile of our participants. Despite substantial heterogeneity, decreasing absolute risk aversion and increasing relative risk aversion are the predominant types. We also find some evidence of increased risk taking after a gain. Finally, the session level risk attitudes show a different profile than the individual descriptions of risk attitudes.

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Kubler, Felix, Larry Selden, and Xiao Wei. "Inferior Good and Giffen Behavior for Investing and Borrowing." American Economic Review 103, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 1034–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.2.1034.

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The standard assumption that asset demand increases in income and decreases in price has its origin in Arrow's classic model with one risky and one risk free asset, where both are held long, and preferences exhibit decreasing absolute and increasing relative risk aversion. However if one allows shorting of the risk free asset or decreasing relative risk aversion, the risk free asset can not only fail to be a normal good but can be a Giffen good. This behavior can occur even for members of the popular HARA utility family. More generally, Giffen behavior can occur over multiple income ranges.

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Hu, Chunhua, Wenyi Huang, and Tianhao Xie. "The Investigation of a Wealth Distribution Model on Isolated Discrete Time Domains." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (February 11, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4353025.

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A wealth distribution model on isolated discrete time domains, which allows the wealth to exchange at irregular time intervals, is used to describe the effect of agent’s trading behavior on wealth distribution. We assume that the agents have different degrees of risk aversion. The hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility function is employed to describe the degrees of risk aversion of agents, including decreasing relative risk aversion (DRRA), increasing relative risk aversion (IRRA), and constant relative risk aversion (CRRA). The effect of agent’s expectation on wealth distribution is taken into account in our wealth distribution model, in which the agents are allowed to adopt certain trading strategies to maximize their utility and improve their wealth status. The Euler equation and transversality condition for the model on isolated discrete time domains are given to prove the existence of the optimal solution of the model. The optimal solution of the wealth distribution model is obtained by using the method of solving the rational expectation model on isolated discrete time domains. A numerical example is given to highlight the advantages of the wealth distribution model.

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Zhang, Yan, Peibiao Zhao, Xinghu Teng, and Lei Mao. "Optimal reinsurance and investment strategies for an insurer and a reinsurer under Hestons SV model: HARA utility and Legendre transform." Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization 13, no. 5 (2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2020062.

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BROWN, JEFFREY, STEVEN HABERMAN, MOSHE MILEVSKY, and MIKE ORSZAG. "Overview of the Issue." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 4, no. 3 (October 6, 2005): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747205002167.

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This issue features two original research articles, three issues & policy articles and a book review section. The lead article is by Geoffrey Kingston and Susan Thorp (University of New South Wales, Australia) and addresses the issue of Annuitization and asset allocation with HARA utility. One of the puzzles in retirement economics is why individuals do not choose to purchase annuities and Kingston and Thorp explore in detail a real options model in which individual preferences obey the broad class of hyperbolic absolute risk aversion utility. The theory of Real Options argues that people might want to delay annuitisation at relatively younger ages because the price of life annuities might improve and annuitisation is irreversible. However, Kingston and Thorp show that the implications of a Real Options approach varies across individuals considerably. For example, when individuals have a desired consumption floor as opposed to CRRA preferences, they are more likely to want to purchase annuities earlier than later. It would be interesting to see empirical tests done in this area to test the relatively new Real Options theory as it applies to irreversible personal financial decisions, such as annuitization.

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LI, WEIPING. "OPTIMAL DIVIDEND POLICY AND STOCK PRICES." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 23, no. 04 (June 2020): 2050023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024920500235.

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We model a corporation dividend as an exchange option on stochastic cash flow and capital budge. Then we solve optimal dividend policy problem completely based on the dividend model under the assumption that the cash reservoir of a corporation follows a mean reverting process from empirical evidence and economic arguments. Our optimal dividend controls depend on explicitly with the cash flow and the capital budget of the corporation, and maximizes the HARA utility performance. We specify the unique optimal dividend control for the cash flow and the capital budge. Multiplicity or absence of optimal dividend policies are given. The stock price of the corporation is studied in terms of our stochastic dividend model. We find an explicit relation among the volatility of the stock price, the volatility of the cash flow and the volatility of the capital budget. The ex-dividend stock price is positively proportional to the stochastic cash flow and the probability of the dividend delta with respect to the cash flow, and negatively proportional to the capital budget and the probability of the dividend delta with respect to the capital budget. Hence, our approach provides another passage through which countercyclical volatility of the stock price can arise from the countercyclical cash flow and capital budget directly.

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Fang, Liu, Lim Meikuang, Guo Ye, Chen Xiaojuan, Yang Wenyu, Ruan Min, Chang Lixian, et al. "Successful Treatment of a 19-Month-Old Boy with Hepatitis Associated Aplastic Anemia by Infusion of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Case Report." Cell Transplantation 30 (January 1, 2021): 096368972097714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689720977144.

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Here we presented a case of a 19-month-old boy who developed severe aplastic anemia postacute hepatitis. He was treated successfully with the umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) infusion and cyclosporine A (CsA). The boy achieved both hematopoietic recovery and normal lymphocyte proportion. So far, his condition still remains stable. To our knowledge, there is a rare previous report on the utility of MSCs infusion for the treatment of hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAAA). Considering the efficacy, safety, and strong operability, particularly for pediatric patient, the infusion of UC-MSCs combined with CsA could be an effective alternative for the treatment of HAAA.

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Rinda Rosmala. "FUNGSI UTILITAS BARANG HALAL." At Taajir : Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Keuangan Syariah 1, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47902/attaajir.v1i1.24.

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Abstract The goal of consumers is to find the highest satisfaction. Determination of goods or services for consumption is based on satisfaction criteria. The consumption limit is only budgetary capacity. As long as there is a budget to buy goods or services, then these items will be consumed. In other words, as long as the consumer has income, nothing can prevent him from consuming the desired item. This attitude will clearly deny consideration of the interests of others or consideration of other aspects such as halal. Such consumer behavior, of course, cannot be taken for granted in the Islamic economy. Islamic consumption is always guided by Islamic teachings. As we know that Islam is very concerned about the quality and sanctity of consumer goods manifested in the Koran and Al-Hadith. This is not only transcendental, but also mundane because Islam is very concerned about the sanctity and cleanliness of consumer goods, so this paradox encourages us to understand that satisfaction of a Muslim is very much determined by the level of halalness and the level of prohibition of consumer goods. Assumptions and axioms in Islam are the emphasis on halal, haram, and blessings of the goods to be consumed. So if an individual is faced with two choices A and B, then a Muslim will choose goods that have a higher level of halal and blessing, even though other items are physically preferred. Although the type of relationship that will be explored is substitute, Islam prohibits the substitution (substitution) of goods or transactions that are lawful with goods or illegitimate transactions. Keyword: Utilitas Axioms In Islam, Halal, Haram, Blessings

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Tella, Oluwaseun. "Boko Haram Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: The Soft Power Context." Journal of Asian and African Studies 53, no. 6 (November 2, 2017): 815–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909617739326.

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Given terrorists’ use of violence in pursuit of their objectives and violent counter-terrorism measures, terrorism is not often associated with soft power. Nevertheless, terrorist organisations subscribe to ideologies that are appealing to certain individuals and/or segments within their immediate environment and beyond. Similarly, counter-terrorism initiatives that embrace the utility of soft power might be more successful than those that rely on the use of naked force. While the soft power of terrorist organisations has received scant attention, there has been modest scholarly inquiry into a soft power approach to counter-terrorism. However, no comprehensive research has been conducted on the place of soft power in Boko Haram’s activities and the Nigerian government’s efforts to end their campaign. This article offers a new perspective to the burgeoning literature on Boko Haram terrorism by examining whether or not it possesses elements of soft power that are appealing to certain Nigerians. It also examines if the Nigerian government has adopted a soft power approach in its counter-terrorism efforts. The article concludes that effectively tackling the sect will require a smart power strategy.

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Fuentes Herrera, Paula Beatriz, Adriana Delgado Alvarado, Braulio Edgar Herrera Cabrera, José Isabel Olvera Hernández, and María Lorena Luna Guevara. "Percepción del consumo y uso de haba: aporte nutricional en Ciudad Serdán, Puebla, México." Agricultura Sociedad y Desarrollo 17, no. 1 (June 9, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22231/asyd.v17i1.1319.

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El haba (Vicia faba L.) es una fuente de proteínas y fibra dietética, además de que tiene compuestos que previenen o reducen enfermedades crónicas (cáncer, diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares y obesidad). El estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer y analizar la opinión de los productores sobre el consumo y uso de los cultivares de haba en Ciudad Serdán, Puebla, México, para evidenciar el conocimiento que tienen sobre el aporte nutritivo que esta leguminosa les proporciona. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva mediante una entrevista semiestructurada, realizada a 21 productores de haba. Se encontró que los entrevistados conocían seis cultivares de haba (blanca, morada, criolla amarilla, tarragona, parraleña y cochinera), aunque la mayoría siembra la criolla amarilla. El haba la utilizan principalmente para consumo humano y para el mercado. La mayoría de los productores (71.43%) no tenía conocimiento de que el haba se utilice para tratar alguna enfermedad, pero algunos la usan para evitar agruras, curar heridas y aliviar dolor de cabeza. La mayor parte de ellos consideró que el haba les provee nutrientes, pero desconocen los beneficios que esta especie aporta a la salud. Se resalta la importancia de informar a los productores sobre el valor nutricional y funcional que esta leguminosa puede proveer al consumidor.

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Barden, Craig, Keith A. Stokes, and Carly D. McKay. "Utilising a Behaviour Change Model to Improve Implementation of the Activate Injury Prevention Exercise Programme in Schoolboy Rugby Union." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 5681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115681.

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The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) is a behaviour change model showing promise in positively changing youth sport coaches’ injury prevention behaviours. This study incorporated the HAPA model into coach training workshops for Activate, an efficacious rugby injury prevention programme. Primary aims were to investigate the effect of the workshop on schoolboy rugby union coaches’ (1) perceptions towards injury risk and prevention, (2) Activate adoption and adherence. Secondary aims were to (3) assess the differences in post-season HAPA constructs between workshop attendees and non-attendees, (4) explore associations between HAPA constructs and Activate adherence. In the pre-season, all participants (n = 76) completed a baseline survey, with 41 coaches electing to attend a workshop. Participants completed a post-season survey assessing HAPA constructs and Activate adoption and adherence throughout the season. The workshop did not affect coach perceptions of injury risk and prevention. Attendees had significantly greater rates of Activate adoption (95% vs. 54% χ2 = 17.42, p < 0.01) and adherence (median = 2 sessions vs. ≤1 session per week; z = 3.45, p = 0.03) than non-attendees. At post-season, attendees had significantly greater task self-efficacy (z = −3.46, p < 0.05) and intention (z = −4.33, p < 0.05) to use Activate. These results support the delivery of coach workshops that utilise a behaviour change model to maximise programme implementation.

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Erickson, J. Alan, Jun Lu, Jeffery J. Smith, Joshua A. Bornhorst, David G. Grenache, and Edward R. Ashwood. "Immunoassay for Quantifying Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen in Serum." Clinical Chemistry 56, no. 9 (September 1, 2010): 1496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2010.143156.

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BACKGROUND Although the benefits of quantifying serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCa) have been reported, SCCa reagents were no longer available in the US by the late 1990s. Because SCCa quantification still has demonstrated clinical utility, we developed and validated a microtiter plate–based ELISA for measuring SCCa in serum. METHODS We coated microtiter strips overnight with capture anti-SCCa monoclonal antibody, washed the wells, added blocking buffer, and lyophilized the strips. For detection, we used a biotinylated anti-SCCa detection antibody, streptavidin/horseradish peroxidase conjugate, and tetramethylbenzidine/H2O2 substrate. A novel blocking reagent against human antimouse antibodies (HAMA) was evaluated. A reference interval was established with sera from healthy individuals and was confirmed in smokers. RESULTS The assay was linear to 40 μg/L SCCa (slope, 1.00; y intercept, 0.695; R2, 0.996) with a detection limit of 0.3 μg/L. The intraassay imprecision results [mean (CV)] were 2.5 μg/L (3.4%), 18.0 μg/L (3.0%), and 30.7 μg/L (2.4%); interassay imprecision results were 2.0 μg/L (9.9%), 20.0 μg/L (7.6%), and 36.3 μg/L (3.5%). A correlation analysis against an established automated assay generated a slope of 0.976 and a y intercept of −0.193 μg/L (r2 = 0.916). An upper reference limit of 2.1 μg/L SCCa was established at 95% confidence level, with no difference observed in smokers. No correlation between SCCa concentration and age was observed (r2 = 0.0003). At a blocking reagent concentration of 5 mg/L, HAMA interference was eliminated in 3 samples known to produce falsely increased SCCa results. CONCLUSIONS This SCCa ELISA demonstrates acceptable performance characteristics for quantifying serum SCCa and is effective in eliminating HAMA interference.

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De Metsenaere, Machteld, and Sophie Bollen. "Schandelijke liefde. Sentimentele collaboratie en haar bestraffing in België na de Tweede Wereldoorlog." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 66, no. 3 (January 1, 2007): 228–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v66i3.12557.

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In deze studie schetsen Machteld De Metsenaere en Sophie Bollen het profiel en de strafmaat van de vrouwelijke verdachten van collaboratie tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog in het algemeen en de 'sentimentele collaboratie' – de echte of vermeende omgang van vrouwen met Duitse soldaten – in het bijzonder (via haar boekbespreking van M. Diederichs' Wie geschoren wordt moet stilzitten. De omgang van Nederlandse meisjes met Duitse militairen in ditzelfde Wt-nummer opent Sophie Bollen daarenboven de mogelijkheid tot het ontwikkelen van een comparatieve visie op de vergelijkbare problematiek van collaboratie en repressie in Nederland, beschouwd vanuit het genderperspectief). De auteurs steunen hun studie op de strafdossiers van de opgesloten vrouwen in het interneringscentrum Gent-Wollestraat en anderzijds de epuratiedossiers van vrouwelijke werknemers van de Regie voor Telegrafie en Telefonie (RTT), een overheidsinstelling. Daardoor kunnen zij zich begeven op twee vooralsnog braakliggende studieterreinen: de strafrechtelijke behandeling van de vrouwen en de problematiek van de epuratie (de wegzuivering door de werkgevers, c.q. overheden). ________Shameful Love: Sentimental Collaboration and its punishment in Belgium after the Second World WarIn this study Machteld De Metsenaere and Sophie Bollen describe the profile and punishment of women accused of collaboration during the Second World War in general and of “sentimental collaboration” – the actual or alleged intercourse of women with German soldiers – in particular. (By means of her discussion of the book by M. Diederichs You have to sit still when you are being shaved. The intercourse of Dutch girls with German military in this same issue of Wt Sophie Bollen also provides the opportunity to develop a comparative vision on the comparable problem of collaboration and repression in the Netherlands, viewed from a gender perspective). The authors have based their study on the criminal records of the women confined in the internment centre in Gent-Wollestraat as well as the dossiers of the legal purge of women employees of the RTT (Radio, Telegraphy and Telephony Service), a public utility. This allows them to venture into two until now unexplored areas of study: the criminal prosecution of the women and the issue of the ‘épuration’ of employees (the purge by the employers casu quo the authorities).

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Hart, M. 't. "J. Francke, Utiliteyt voor de gemeene saake. De Zeeuwse commissievaart en haar achterban tijdens de Negenjarige Oorlog, 1688-1697." BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 119, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.5987.

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Moffat, F. L., C. M. Pinsky, L. Hammershaimb, N. J. Petrelli, Y. Z. Patt, F. S. Whaley, and D. M. Goldenberg. "Clinical utility of external immunoscintigraphy with the IMMU-4 technetium-99m Fab' antibody fragment in patients undergoing surgery for carcinoma of the colon and rectum: results of a pivotal, phase III trial. The Immunomedics Study Group." Journal of Clinical Oncology 14, no. 8 (August 1996): 2295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1996.14.8.2295.

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PURPOSE To assess the performance and the potential clinical impact of a new antibody imaging agent, CEA-Scan (Immunomedics Inc, Morris Plains, NJ), in 210 presurgical patients with advanced recurrent or metastatic colorectal carcinomas. METHODS CEA-Scan, an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Fab antibody fragment labeled with technetium-99m-pertechnetate (99mTc), was injected intravenously (IV), and external scintigraphy was performed 2 to 5 and 18 to 24 hours later. Imaging with conventional diagnostic modalities (CDM) was also performed, and findings were confirmed by surgery and histology. RESULTS The sensitivity of CEA-Scan was superior to that of CDM in the extrahepatic abdomen (55% v 32%; P = .007) and pelvis (69% v 48%; P = .005), and CEA-Scan findings complemented those of CDM in the liver. Among 122 patients with known disease, the positive predictive value was significantly higher when both modalities were positive (98%) compared with each alone (68% to 70%), potentially obviating the need for histologic confirmation when both tests are positive. Imaging accuracy also was significantly improved by adding CEA-Scan to CDM. In 88 patients with occult cancer, imaging accuracy was enhanced significantly by CEA-Scan combined with CDM (61% v 33%). Potential clinical benefit from CEA-Scan was demonstrated in 89 of 210 patients. Only two patients developed human antimouse antibodies (HAMA) to CEA-Scan after a single injection, and none of 19 assessable patients after two injections. CONCLUSION CEA-Scan affords high-quality, same-day imaging, uses an inexpensive and readily available radio-nuclide, adds clinically significant information in assessing extent and location of disease in colorectal cancer patients, and only rarely induces a HAMA response.

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Francke, Johan. "Reviews of Johan Francke, Utiliteyt voor de Gemeene Saake: De Zeeuwse commissievaart en haar achterban tijdens de Negenjarige Oorlog, 1688–1697." International Journal of Maritime History 14, no. 1 (June 2002): 287–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140201400118.

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Waduge, Chekhaprabha Priyadarshanee, Naleen Chaminda Ganegoda, Darshana Chitraka Wickramarachchi, and Ravindra Shanthakumar Lokupitiya. "Consensus Patterns of a Set of Time Series via a Wavelet-Based Temporal Localization: Emphasizing the Utility over Point-Wise Averaging and Averaging under Dynamic Time Warping." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2021 (August 5, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5535363.

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Summarizing or averaging a sequential data set (i.e., a set of time series) can be comprehensively approached as a result of sophisticated computational tools. Averaging under Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is one such tool that captures consensus patterns. DTW acts as a similarity measure between time series, and subsequently, an averaging method must be executed upon the behaviour of DTW. However, averaging under DTW somewhat neglects temporal aspect since it is on the search of similar appearances rather than stagnating on corresponding time-points. On the contrary, the mean series carrying point-wise averages provides only a weak consensus pattern as it may over-smooth important temporal variations. As a compromise, a pool of consensus series termed Ultimate Tamed Series (UTS) is studied here that adheres to temporal decomposition supported by the discrete Haar wavelet. We claim that UTS summarizes localized patterns, which would not be reachable via the series under DTW or the mean series. Neighbourhood of localization can be altered as a user can customize different levels of decomposition. In validation, comparisons are carried out with the series under DTW and the mean series via Euclidean distance and the distance resulted by DTW itself. Two sequential data sets are selected for this purpose from a standard repository.

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Zhou, Minglang. "The Official National Language and Language Attitudes of Three Ethnic Minority Groups in China." Language Problems and Language Planning 23, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.23.2.03zho.

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La oficiala lingvo kaj lingvaj sintenoj ĉe tri minoritataj grupoj en Cinio Rezulte de lingvoplanado, duono de la cent milionoj da etnominoritatanoj (EMN) en Ĉinio parolas iun version de Putonghua (PTH) kiel sian unuan aŭ duan lingvon. La nuna studo, utiligante sintenan/motivan enketaron kaj "pare maskitan" procedon, ekzamenis la taskojn fare de anoj de kazaka, ujgura kaj jia minoritatoj pri PTH kaj EMN-aj lingvoj, kaj dekdu varieblojn pri lernado kaj uzado de PTH. Analizoj de la rezultoj pere de unudirekta "ANOVA" kaj parspecimena testo t montras, ke a) integra orientigo kaj impreso de pekina-noj estas la plej bonaj manieroj antaŭdiri la instrumentan orientigon, intense-con kaj deziron de EMN pri la lernado kaj utiligo de PTH; b) la longeco de la lernperiodo de PTH sola suficas por determini kiom komforte EMN sentas en sia utiligo de PTH; c) niveloj de kontakto kun la hana minoritato para-lelas iliajn pritaksojn de PTH kaj de EMN-lingvoj; kaj c) bona impreso de pekinanoj korelaciigas kun pli altaj taksoj de PTH. La eltrovoj de la studo donas al la farantoj de lingvopolitiko kaj al esplorantoj tra la tuta mondo utilajn perspektivojn pri la rilato inter lingvaj sintenoj kaj etnaj rilatoj.

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Alonso Patiño, Omar. "Microcrédito Historia y experiencias exitosas de su implementación en América Latina." Revista EAN, no. 63 (August 1, 2008): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21158/01208160.n63.2008.442.

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El microcrédito se ha convertido en uno de los mecanismos más efectivos para combatir la pobreza en el mundo. El tema ha sido tratado en diversos foros de los más importantes organismos internacionales en los que se ha consolidado la intención de crear las condiciones necesarias para que el microcrédito logre una cobertura mínima que permita que los países con bajos niveles de desarrollo mejoren sus indicadores y alejen a sus habitantes de la línea de pobreza. Son varias las experiencias que se han presentado a lo largo del mundo con diversos resultados, los cuales dependen fundamentalmente de la estrategia que se utilice para su implementación y de la definición de la población a la cual se haga objeto del otorgamiento. El análisis de los casos de implementación del microcrédito en el mundo proporciona un importante marco de referencia para aquellos países que aún no lo han hecho o lo han hecho de manera incipiente.

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Journal articles on the topic 'HARA utility'

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