Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hand Rehabilitation'
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Martínez, Conde Sergio, and Luque Estela Pérez. "Exoskeleton for hand rehabilitation." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15820.
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This document presents the development of a first proposal prototype of a rehabilitation exoskeleton hand. The idea was to create a lighter, less complex and cheaper exoskeleton than the existing models in the market but efficient enough to carry out rehabilitation therapies.The methodology implemented consists of an initial literature review followed by data collection resulting in a pre-design in two dimensions using two different software packages, MUMSA and WinmecC. First, MUMSA provides the parameters data of the movement of the hand to be done accurately. With these parameters, the mechanisms of each finger are designed using WinmecC. Once the errors were solved and the mechanism was achieved, the 3D model was designed.The final result is presented in two printed 3D models with different materials. The models perform a great accurate level on the motion replica of the fingers by using rotary servos. The properties of the model can change depending on the used material. ABS material gives a flexible prototype, and PLA material does not achieve it. The use of distinct methods to print has a high importance on the difficulties of development throughout the entire process of production. Despite found difficulties in the production, the model was printed successfully, obtaining a compact, strong, lightweight and eco-friendly with the environment prototype.
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Jugenheimer, Kristin A. (Kristin Anne) 1977. "A robot for hand rehabilitation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8878.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, February 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 369-372).
This thesis describes the design of a robot for hand rehabilitation and is based on earlier work done in the MIT Newman Lab for Biomechanics and Human Rehabilitation. The goal of the new robot described here is to provide rehabilitative therapy to the hand. MIT MANUS is an active therapy device previously designed and built in the Newman Lab. It has been used with success to improve strength and control of the upper extremity and promote recovery in stroke patients. However, research showed that only joints directly involved in robot therapy demonstrated greater improvement than the control group. This data was an impetus to design robotic therapy for other parts of the body. Another factor in the development of this robot was that there is a need for functional therapy. A robot which can provide active therapy using the functional tasks of the hand would be very novel. The robot design described in this thesis fulfills the requirements of such an idea. The robot will later be combined with controls software and video games to allow for active therapy of the hand. Included in this thesis is the background information on rehabilitative hand therapy, as well as on the anatomy and function of the hand, used for the design. Design options and choices are discussed. Finally the overall design and current status of the robot are presented.
by Kristin Anne Jugenheimer.
S.M.
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Nasser, Bilal. "A virtual hand assessment system for efficient outcome measures of hand rehabilitation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27529.
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Petinari, Andrea. "Hand rehabilitation device for extension, opposition and reposition." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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In this paper, the research focused on the development of a hand rehabilitation device which could perform extension, opposition and reposition movements. Firstly, the anatomy of the hand is analyzed and studied to understand where the problem resides; since the mechanism will be applied to post-stroke patients, it is necessary to comprehend the structure and the articulations of the hand, the muscles involved in the mentioned movements and how a healthy hand works. Then, the causes of the problem are studied, what are the consequences on the hand and how to solve every issue. Brunnström Approach is taken as reference for the rehabilitation therapy steps. After the performance target is defined and which function has the priority, a brief research on the state of the art is made. Six different devices are analyzed, taking into account their strengths and weaknesses, evaluating them and trying to find possible lacks to solve.
An evaluation of possible solutions is done, in order to find the optimal solution for the problem. Various types of actuation and structure of the mechanism are considered.
Defined which are the best choices between the ones proposed, the next step is to design a first prototype with the purpose of bringing together the solutions selected. The CAD used is PTC Creo Parametric.
Once the first prototype was designed, it was partially printed with 3D technique (additive manufacturing) and tested; tests were made on the actuation and on the device to evaluated its efficacy. The results are visible in this paper.
Finally, a conclusion is discussed with a short resume of the experiments made and the results obtained. Furthermore, remaining problems and future works are analyzed and debated.
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Oldham, Jacqueline Ann. "Rehabilitation of skeletal muscle in the arthritic hand." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253314.
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Tang, Philip H. (Philip Hsien-Ching) 1978. "Characterization of a robot designed for hand rehabilitation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89367.
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Henriksson, Michael, and Michael Fransson. "Force-Sensing Rehabilitation Glove : A tool to facilitate rehabilitation of reduced hand strength." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254287.
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This thesis examines how the pressure sensors can be used in rehabilitation for patients with weakened hand strength. The rehabilitation process usually contains everyday tasks to evaluate the patient’s capability and the tools for this part of the rehabilitation process are few. The challenges will be to find a suitable sensor for the application and how to implement the sensor in a versatile prototype with direct feedback for the user. To solve this problem, research will be conducted on different pressure sensor types to determine the most suitable one for this implementation. The resulting prototype is utilizing a force sensing resistor (FSR) mounted on a glove together with a module that presents direct feedback to the patient and caretaker. The glove has pressure sensors in each fingertip to detect the applied force for each individual finger when the patient grips an object. To present the feedback, a visual interface is created in the form of a hand with a LED for each finger, which provides direct visual feedback and a display to present numerical data.Denna avhandling undersöker hur trycksensorer kan användas vid rehabilitering av patienter med försvagad handstyrka. Rehabiliteringsprocessen innehåller vanligtvis vardagliga uppgifter för att utvärdera patientens förmåga och nuvarande hjälpmedel är få. Utmaningarna är att hitta en lämplig sensor för applikationen och hur man kan implementera sensorn i en mångsidig prototyp med en direkt återkoppling för användaren. För att lösa detta problem kommer forskning att genomföras på olika typer av trycksensorer. Detta görs för att kunna bestämma den mest lämpade sensortypen för denna implementering. Den resulterande prototypen består av en handske med kraft känsliga resistorer (FSR) och en separat modul som ger direkt återkoppling till patienten och vårdtagaren. Handsken har en sensor i varje fingertopp för att detektera applicerad kraft för varje enskilt finger när patienten greppar ett föremål. För att presentera data från sensorerna skapas ett visuellt gränssnitt. Gränssnittet är i form av en hand med lysdioder i varje finger för direkt återkoppling och en bildskärm för att presentera numeriska data.
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Li, Zheng. "Using Robotic Hand Technology for the Rehabilitation of Recovering Stroke Patients with Loss of Hand Power." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11032003-115737/.
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Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Nearly 700,000 people suffered from stroke last year and two thirds of them survived but were left with any number of disabilities, one such disability is upper extremity hemiplegia. If the hand and arm doesn?t have therapy immediately after stroke, it will lose it power and muscle control, resulting in a claw like appearance and loss of function. Activities of the patient daily living will be significantly effected. Current therapy on the affected limb in the hospital is expensive and difficult to manage due to the limited amount of resources compared to the number of patients. We introduce a pneumatic actuated wearable hand and forearm device in this thesis. It is designed according to the hand and arm kinematics. It can help the patients keep power on each finger and help maintain the coordination of different fingers to achieve daily living movements. It consists of forearm brace, rehabilitation glove and artificial muscles. The custom made artificial muscles also known as McKibben Artificial Muscles are used in antagonistic pairs to control the fingers flexion and extension. The rehabilitation device is small, lightweight, home-based, and has large force capabilities. It is also affordable to the patients due to the specially designed low-cost artificial muscles. The rehabilitation device was controlled by solenoid valves in conjunction with a Mitsubishi M32/83C 16-bit micro controller. Experiments on the pneumatic elbow brace have shown that it is capable of moving each finger from full extension to flexion, to perform actions like pinching and allows the coordinated movement of two fingers.
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Nilsson, Mats. "A Helping Hand : On Innovations for Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Neuronik (Stängd 20130701), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-120142.
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This thesis focuses on assistive and rehabilitation technology for restoring the function of the hand. It presents three different approaches to assistive technology: one in the form of an orthosis, one in the form of a brain-computer interface combined with functional electrical stimulation and finally one totally aiming at rehabilitating the nervous system by restoring brain function using the concept of neuroplasticity. The thesis also includes an epidemiological study based on statistics from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and a review on different methods for assessment of hand function. A novel invention of an orthosis in form of a light weight glove, the SEM (Soft Extra Muscle) glove, is introduced and described in detail. The SEM glove is constructed for improving the grasping capability of a human independently of the particular task being performed. A key feature is that a controlling and strengthening effect is achieved without the need for an external mechanical structure in the form of an exoskeleton. The glove is activated by input from tactile sensors in its fingertips and palm. The sensors react when the applied force is larger than 0.2 N and feed a microcontroller of DC motors. These pull lines, which are attached to the fingers of the glove and thus work as artificial tendons. A clinical study on the feasibility of the SEM glove to improve hand function on a group of patients with varying degree of disability has been made. Assessments included passive and active range of finger motion, flexor muscle strength according to the Medical Research Council (MRC) 0-5 scale, grip strength using the Grippit hand dynamometer, fine motor skills according to the Nine Hole Peg test and hand function in common activities by use of the Sollerman test. Participants rated the potential benefit on a Visual Analogue Scale. A prototype for a system for combining BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) and FES (Functional Electrical Stimulation) is described. The system is intended to be used during the first period of recovery from a TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) or stroke that have led to paresis in the hand, before deciding on a permanent system, thus allowing the patients to get a quick start on the motor relearning. The system contains EEG recording electrodes, a control unit and a power unit. Initially the patients will practice controlling the movement of a robotic hand and then move on to controlling pulses being sent to stimulus electrodes placed on the paretic muscle. An innovative electrophysiological device for rehabilitation of brain lesions is presented, consisting of a portable headset with electrodes on both sides adapted on the localization of treatment area. The purpose is to receive the outgoing signal from the healthy side of the brain and transfer that signal to the injured and surrounding area of the remote side, thereby having the potential to facilitate the reactivation of the injured brain tissue. The device consists of a control unit as well as a power unit to activate the circuit electronics for amplifying, filtering, AD-converting, multiplexing and switching the outgoing electric signals to the most optimal ingoing signal for treatment of the injured and surrounding area.QC 20130403
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Biggar, Stuart. "Design and development of a robotic glove for hand rehabilitation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27581.
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In the western world there is an issue in healthcare being created by an increasing number of people who experience disability. Whilst the reasons for these occurring are multiple, the common treatment to aid recovery from this condition is therapy that requires manual stimulation of the musculature form [sic] a therapist. Due to the physical demands that this process places on the therapist it is thought that a possible solution to meeting the increasing future demand for therapy is with developments in robotic technology. This thesis proposes and develops the design of a cable-driven glove to assist patients to grasp, this direction of design was chosen after a consultation with former patients found that this was the activity of upper limb motion that they felt was the most difficult to control after therapy. Their design requirements resulted in the creation of a lightweight glove that maximised the performance of the cable driven system through the use of a vacuum to secure the cable and use the joints of their body to control the flexion. This design resulted in the development of a first generation prototype that was assessed firstly by operating a 3D printed hand to grasp a collection of balls and cubes. After this the prototype was tested by unimpaired volunteers to provide feedback on the comfort and control they have when using the device, which was then compared to the findings from the initial consultation. This showed that the glove was successful in performing the intended motion and was considered comfortable (3.5/5) as well as providing them control (3.83/5). The device was used in a consultation with medical workers as well, who were impressed with the strength of the device, but highlighted improvements that could be made to refine it further.
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Ibrahim, Ahmad Imran. "Design and prototyping an anthropomorphic robotic hand for rehabilitation application." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.705459.
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Bogdanov, Sergei, and Sergei Bogdanov. "Effects of Hand Transplantation on Cortical Organization." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12378.
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Amputation induces substantial reorganization of the body part somatotopy in primary sensory cortex (S1), and these effects of deafferentation increase with time. Determining whether these changes are reversible is critical for understanding the potential to recover from deafferenting injuries. Here, we report evidence that the representation of a transplanted hand and digits can actually recapture the pre-amputation S1 hand territory in two transplant patients. With limited sensation 4 months post operation, one of the patient's (D.S.) palmar tactile stimulation evoked contralateral S1 responses that were indistinguishable in location and amplitude from those detected in healthy matched controls. The other patient (M.S.) demonstrated not only much improved sensation but also recovered ability to localize tactile stimuli 120+ months after the operation. The results described suggest that even decades after complete deafferentation, restoring afferent input to S1 leads to re-establishment of the gross hand and digits representations within their original territory.
Stimulation of the deafferented cortical maps may play an important role in
maintaining their viability until the afferent input is restored. Motor imagery and creation of virtual visual feedback of the absent hand with a mirror have been proposed as stimuli. We used fMRI to record neural activity while 11 unilateral hand amputees and matched controls performed aurally-paced thumb-finger sequencing movements with their intact hand (matching hand in case of controls) under visual guidance during four conditions: 1) intact hand (ME), 2) ME with motor imagery of the amputated hand, 3) ME with virtual visual feedback of the amputated hand, and 4) ME with motor imagery and the virtual visual feedback of the amputated hand. In contrast to controls, amputees showed increases in activity during all four conditions within the former functionally-defined sensorimotor hand territory. Movements of the intact hand likely increase activity in the former hand territory as a result of decreased interhemispheric inhibition. This stimulation may maintain deafferented hand representations that can recover soon after the afferent input is restored by hand transplantation.
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Mozaffari, Foumashi Mohammad <1983>. "Synthesis of Hand Exoskeletons for the Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Patients." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5906/1/Mozaffari_Foumashi_Mohammad_tesi.pdf.
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This dissertation presents the synthesis of a hand exoskeleton (HE) for the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients. Through the analysis of state-of-the-art, a topological classification was proposed. Based on the proposed classification principles, the rehabilitation HEs were systematically analyzed and classified. This classification is helpful to both understand the reason of proposing certain solutions for specific applications and provide some useful guidelines for the design of a new HE, that was actually the primary motivation of this study.
Further to this classification, a novel rehabilitation HE was designed to support patients in cylindrical shape grasping tasks with the aim of recovering the basic functions of manipulation. The proposed device comprises five planar mechanisms, one per finger, globally actuated by two electric motors. Indeed, the thumb flexion/extension movement is controlled by one actuator whereas a second actuator is devoted to the control of the flexion/extension of the other four fingers. By focusing on the single finger mechanism, intended as the basic model of the targeted HE, the feasibility study of three different 1 DOF mechanisms are analyzed: a 6-link mechanism, that is connected to the human finger only at its tip, an 8-link and a 12-link mechanisms where phalanges and articulations are part of the kinematic chain. The advantages and drawbacks of each mechanism are deeply analyzed with respect to targeted requirements: the 12-link mechanism was selected as the most suitable solution. The dimensional synthesis based on the Burmester theory as well as kinematic and static analyses were separately done for all fingers in order to satisfy the desired specifications.
The HE was finally designed and a prototype was built. The experimental results of the first tests are promising and demonstrate the potential for clinical applications of the proposed device in robot-assisted training of the human hand for grasping functions.
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Mozaffari, Foumashi Mohammad <1983>. "Synthesis of Hand Exoskeletons for the Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Patients." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5906/.
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This dissertation presents the synthesis of a hand exoskeleton (HE) for the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients. Through the analysis of state-of-the-art, a topological classification was proposed. Based on the proposed classification principles, the rehabilitation HEs were systematically analyzed and classified. This classification is helpful to both understand the reason of proposing certain solutions for specific applications and provide some useful guidelines for the design of a new HE, that was actually the primary motivation of this study.
Further to this classification, a novel rehabilitation HE was designed to support patients in cylindrical shape grasping tasks with the aim of recovering the basic functions of manipulation. The proposed device comprises five planar mechanisms, one per finger, globally actuated by two electric motors. Indeed, the thumb flexion/extension movement is controlled by one actuator whereas a second actuator is devoted to the control of the flexion/extension of the other four fingers. By focusing on the single finger mechanism, intended as the basic model of the targeted HE, the feasibility study of three different 1 DOF mechanisms are analyzed: a 6-link mechanism, that is connected to the human finger only at its tip, an 8-link and a 12-link mechanisms where phalanges and articulations are part of the kinematic chain. The advantages and drawbacks of each mechanism are deeply analyzed with respect to targeted requirements: the 12-link mechanism was selected as the most suitable solution. The dimensional synthesis based on the Burmester theory as well as kinematic and static analyses were separately done for all fingers in order to satisfy the desired specifications.
The HE was finally designed and a prototype was built. The experimental results of the first tests are promising and demonstrate the potential for clinical applications of the proposed device in robot-assisted training of the human hand for grasping functions.
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Yancosek, Kathleen E. "INJURY-INDUCED HAND DOMINANCE TRANSFER." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/18.
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Hand dominance is the preferential use of one hand over the other for motor tasks. 90% of people are right-hand dominant, and the majority of injuries (acute and cumulative trauma) occur to the dominant limb, creating a double-impact injury whereby a person is left in a functional state of single-handedness and must rely on the less-dexterous, non-dominant hand. When loss of dominant hand function is permanent, a forced shift of dominance is termed injury-induced hand dominance transfer (I-IHDT).
Military service members injured in combat operation may face I-IHDT following mutilating injuries (crush, avulsion, burn and blast wounds) that result in dominant limb amputation or limb salvage. Military occupational therapy practitioners utilize an intervention called Handwriting For Heroes to facilitate hand dominance transfer. This intervention trains the injured military member how to write again using the previously non-dominant hand. Efficacy and clinical effectiveness studies were needed to validate the use of this intervention.
This dissertation contains three studies related to I-IHDT. One study measured handwriting performance in adults who previously (greater than 2 years ago) lost function of their dominant hands. Results verified that handwriting performance, when measured on two separate occasions (six-weeks apart) was similar (stable). A second study examined the efficacy of Handwriting For Heroes in non-impaired participants. Results demonstrated a positive effect on the variables that measured the written product: legibility, writing speed (letters-per-minute); as well as a positive effect on the variables that measured the writing process: kinematic and kinetic parameters. The final study examined the clinical effectiveness of Handwriting For Heroes in an injured military population. Results did not show as positive results as the efficacy study, despite similar compliance with the intervention. Specifically, non-impaired participants started with faster writing speeds in their non-dominant hands (higher letters-per-minute) and made more gains (wider ranges). The non-impaired participants also started with faster dexterity (betters scores on the Grooved Pegboard) but they made fewer gains than the injured service members (smaller ranges). Nevertheless, injured participants clearly made gains in all dependent variables thereby demonstrating clinical effectiveness of the intervention
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Augustus, Devon Patrick. "Navy SEAL Prosthetic Hand." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/998.
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Prosthetic development recently has focused mainly on myoelectrically controlled electric hands despite a majority of upper extremity amputees actively choosing body powered devices. Myoelectric hands utilize a small electric pulse generated in muscles when flexing as a signal to the hand to close. Finger flexion in these devices is controlled by electromechanical servos, requiring no strength input from the user. Body powered devices use a cable attached to a shoulder harness which causes mechanical closure of the device via tension placed on a control cable by a shoulder shrug motion or arm extension. Outfitting of active duty service personnel has recently tended to follow the electronic hands which have fragile electronics, have a poor response to user input, and are not fit for harsh outdoor environments. This report will detail the current development of a re-design of a custom left hand prosthesis for an active duty Navy SEAL and the transition from electronic controls to full body power function.
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Yung, Joanne, and 容靜雯. "Auditory-verbal rehabilitation: influence of the hand cue technique on acoustic parameters." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3047145X.
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Bücher, Catherine Anne. "Hand trauma and rehabilitation : the developemnt of an evidence based assessment framework." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424751.
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Background In the UK there is a concerted drive to deliver evidenced based, patient centred care. Current hand therapy assessment might not reflect practice and policy recommendations particularly in respect of explicit patient centred approaches. The study aim was to develop an assessment framework, modelled on the ICF' to direct efficient and effective patient centred assessment. Objectives 1. Identify a baseline picture of UK hand therapy assessment practice 2. Explore patient perceptions of current assessment practice 3. Explore practitioner perceptions of assessment 4. Construct a framework to facilitate evidence based rehabilitation programmes Methods Purposive sampling and data and methodological triangulation were features of the studies, which included., 1. A postal questionnaire used to survey current hand therapy assessment practice (n=242). 2. Exploration of patient perceptions using a combination of assessment, self report and interview (n=3), semi-structured interviews (n=10) and laddered interviews (n = 5). 3. Exploration of practitioner perceptions using laddered interviews (n=5) and structured interviews (n=3). Data were analysed descriptively and using content analysis. Results Clinical assessment was primarily at the impairment level. Various other 'bespoke' methods, of questionable validity, were also in use. Inconsistent use of terminology was a potential barrier to effective practice. Impairment-based measures did not reflect patient needs and goals and discrepancies were noted between practitioner beliefs around assessment and its application. Conclusion The exclusive use of impairment measures for routine assessment is inadequate. An assessment framework to facilitate reasoned and explicit practitioner choices was developed, within which, patient partnership can be verified explicitly. The framework will enable practitioners to demonstrate clinically reasoned, evidence based and patient centred rehabilitation programmes.
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Кравець, Валерій Валерійович, Валерий Валерьевич Кравец, Valerii Valeriiovych Kravets, Валерій Павлович Кравець, Валерий Павлович Кравец, Valerii Pavlovych Kravets, and І. В. Качан. "Реабілітація хворих з гнійно-запальними захворюваннями кисті." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5207.
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Muralidharan, Abirami. "Detecting Attempted Hand Movements from EEGs of Chronic-Stroke Survivors for Therapeutic Applications." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1283528739.
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Soska, Anna. "Surface electrode array-based electrical stimulation and iterative learning control for hand rehabilitation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/388627/.
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This thesis addresses the use of surface electrode arrays to regulate the stimulation applied to the hand and wrist muscles in order to induce hand movement to desired posture. Electrode array-based electric stimulation is a relatively novel and promising rehabilitation technology, due to its potential to deliver selective stimulation signal to underlying muscles via chosen elements of the arrays. A general control strategy developed in this thesis embeds optimisation methods for selection of appropriate elements of the electrode array with iterative learning control. In iterative learning control, the patient makes repeated attempts to complete a predefined task with the aim of gradually decreasing the error between the movement performed and desired one. A number of different gradient-based methods, such as penalty method and sparse optimisation methods has been developed based on theoretical and experimental findings. These methods are used to find a sparse input vector, which is employed to select only those array elements that are critical to task completion within iterative learning control framework. Experimental results using multi-channel stimulation and 40 element surface electrode array confirm accurate tracking of selected hand postures. Based on the experimental results and the existing literature, a new system for the hand and wrist restoration has been designed. The key element of the system is a game-based task oriented training environment designed for a wide group of patients, including patients with spasticity and hemiplegia.
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Abolfathi, Puya Peter. "Development of an instrumented and powered exoskeletion for the rehabilitation of the hand." Connect to full text, 2007. http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/3690.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008.Includes graphs and tables. Includes list of publications co-authored with others. Title from title screen (viewed November 28, 2008) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies. Degree awarded 2008; thesis submitted 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. "Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.
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With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. "Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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Carus, David Alexander. "The effect of cyclic forces upon finger joints with impaired ranges of motion." Thesis, University of Abertay Dundee, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313131.
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Saleeba, Elizabeth Constance. "Patient compliance and spontaneous movements while following an early active motion protocol after a flexor tendon repair." University of Western Australia. School of Surgery, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0050.
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Compliance to strict home exercise programs is understood to be a mainstay of post-surgical flexor tendon rehabilitation. Therapists recognise the potential of poor compliance (overuse or under-use of prescribed exercise) and spontaneous movements during rehabilitation. Some therapists may suggest that compliance to specific exercise regimens and control of spontaneous or general movements are fundamentally important in optimising the rehabilitation outcomes and minimising the potential of adverse events. Yet there is little objective data to document the actual levels of exercise or spontaneous finger movement performed outside the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to document both diary and instrumented methods of reporting finger movement during a 48hr period. Following surgical repair of the flexor tendon, subjects attending a private hand therapy clinic provided consent and reported subjective diary (n=16) data of sets and repetitions of exercise for up to 6 weeks post-operatively. Nine subjects also had instrumented data logged on 3 occasions during the first 6 weeks of rehabilitation and were not fully aware of the purpose of the instrumentation. All subjects were instructed to perform 10 passive followed by 10 active exercises every waking hour, for the first 6 weeks and were assessed on range of motion, DASH, pain and strength. Results demonstrated that patients reported, via their diaries, that they are on average 80% compliant. Parallel data logger information suggests that this figure is more likely to reflect 50% compliance. A significant (p< .05) increase in spontaneous movements in the last 2 weeks of the 6 week assessment period was detected. No significant correlation between patient's level of compliance or spontaneous movement and their outcome were detected.
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Wong, Yuk-ping Joyce, and 黃玉萍. "Outcome measures of traumatic hand injury patients in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972299.
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ALONSO, DANIEL RIVAS. "ADVANCES TOWARDS AN ACTUATED ORTHOSIS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE MOTOR FUNCTION OF THE HAND." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=33377@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Os acidentes vasculares cerebrais (AVC) são um tipo de lesão cerebral que afeta mais de 750.000 pessoas anualmente. Aproximadamente metade dos pacientes com diagnóstico de AVC sofre dano crônico da função da extremidade superior. A reabilitação ajuda o paciente a manter as habilidades e recuperar algumas das perdidas. Uma órtese automatizada de mão é uma potencial ferramenta terapêutica para tratamento da debilidade da parte distal da extremidade superior, sendo uma abordagem promissora para melhorar os comportamentos motores perdidos em pacientes com AVC. Hoje em dia, a maioria dispositivos de assistência para o movimento de mão desenvolvidos são caros, pesados e volumosos, além de, muitas vezes, não oferecer controle sobre toda a sua operação. Este trabalho propõe e desenvolve um novo sistema de atuação que pode contribuir para a criação de um dispositivo de assistência a movimentação da mão, que seja fácil de operar, portátil, de baixo custo e totalmente controlado. O sistema é controlado por meio de um software com uma interface gráfica de usuário que permite que os usuários configurem os parâmetros do sistema de acordo com suas capacidades específicas. O software de controle também permite a comunicação com uma Interface Cérebro-Computador, que possibilita sincronizar os movimentos do sistema de acordo com as intenções do usuário, aumentando as taxas de recuperação dos pacientes.
Strokes are a type of brain injury that affects over 750,000 people annually. Approximately half of the patients diagnosed with a stroke suffer chronic damage of the upper extremity function. Rehabilitation helps the patient to keep abilities and recover some of the lost ones, to become more independent. Hand rehabilitation exercises aim at assisting patients so they can regain finger mobility and strength. An actuated hand orthosis is a potential therapy tool for distal upper extremity weakness, since it can offer a promising approach to improve lost motor behaviors in stroke patients. Nowadays, hand movement assisting devices are developed for research applications, and even for commercial purposes. However, most of them are expensive, heavy and bulky or do not offer control over their whole operation. This work proposes and develops a new actuation system that can contribute to the construction of an easy to operate, portable, low cost and fully controlled hand movement assisting device. Several advances towards the creation of an actuated hand orthosis were achieved, leading to the creation of an electromechanical system capable of assisting finger movement along their full range of motion, while keeping low weight in the distal upper limb. The system is controlled by a computer software with a graphic user interface that allows the users to configure the system s parameters to their specific needs. The control software also allows the communication with a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) in order to synchronize the system s movements with the user intentions, improving the recovery rates.
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Ma, Sha. "Development and evaluation of an electromyography biofeedback-based virtual reality system for hand motion rehabilitation." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2010. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19302/.
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Individuals who have upper limb movement problems include people with cerebral palsy (CP) and stroke victim . Both thes conditions lead to difficulties in daily activities such as reaching, gra ping etc. Loss of motor function can be improved or recovered via relevant target specific movement rehabilitation. This r search aims to d velop and evaluate an electromyography (EMG) biofeedback based virtual reality (VR) system targeted towards CP and stroke patients that could provide an engaging and effective way to practice and improve hand and arm motion functions. VR, which could provide a repetitive multimodal taskorient d r habilitation environment for patients to undertake elf-training in safety, is con id red to be a suitabl tool for medical health rehabilitation. Using EMG biofeedback in rehabilitation could provide pati nts with opportunities to improve their ability by ass ssing th ir muscle activity r spons and learning self-control of mov m nt during specific training tasks. Th syst m development incorporat s concepts f om motor learning, visual art and programming, and provid s visual and audio feedback that guides the us r' movem nt to becom smoother and more fficient. Using compo ite multiple feedback in upp r limb r habilitation enables th individual with upp r limb probl m to perceiv similar r al-world p rformanc in th virtual world. Howev r, it i r cognised that such fe dback might cause information overload, 1 ading to the individual feeling confused and distract d during training. The necessity of involving healthy subject in f asibility tudies is also recognised. Therefore, thi study focuses on healthy subjects to investigate the effectiveness of separate function-specific fe dback training exercises in order to overcome the information overload problem. Two s ts of xp riments based on 2D display and 3D display were carried out in thi research. A total of sixty healthy subjects participated in the experiments, thirty for the 2D display tests and thirty for the 3D display tests. The developed EMG biof edback based VR system provided the participants with position, orientation, and muscle activity response information. This allow d combined task-oriented multiple feedback which aimed to improve the performance in the virtual environment. In order to preempt and deal with the information overload problem, three prior individual fe dback pre-training game-like tasks were designed based on the distinctive functions of the individual VR interactive interfaces (magnetic track r and EMG system). As in video games, where preparative modes are provided, and the player can learn the key functions and the game scenario through prior practice, so as to improve their performance in the full game. This allows the multimodal and multiform fe dback training exercises are broken down into individual function-specific feedback exercises. The training tasks were designed in the form of gam -like tasks, which could offer better motivation and allow easier hierarchical delivery. Candle lighting, ball balancing and cup grasping game-like tasks, which are position movement, orientation movement and muscle contraction pre-training tasks respectively, were designed based on th distinctive function of magnetic tracking and EMG systems. The balloon shooting main game, which is re-engineered ba ed on a tutorial provided by th XNA game studio, was developed for th multiform feedback training task. The d veloped game-like VR rehabilitation tasks could make th information from the biological level visible to participant with multimodal and multiform feedback. In both 2D and 3D display tests, th r are two experimental groups with pre-training prior to th main game and a control group with th main task only. The empirical results of both 2D and 3D display t t indicate that the developed EM G biofe d back based VR system and tasks are useful to improv the ability of ome of th upp r limb activitie , and th prior individual feedback pre-training tasks are h lpful for b tt r performance in the main multiform fe dback task . This tudy show d that the information ov rload occurring in th integrat d VR syst m with multiple forms of£ edback can b ov rcom with prop rly design pre -training tasks.
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Opiyo, Albert. "A portable robotic rehabilitation system towards improving impaired function of the hand due to stroke." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25194.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability with 70 to 85% of initial strokes resulting in hemiparesis. Physical imparity as a result of stroke tends to be severe and majority of impairments are upper limb-related. Impairment is usually accompanied by long term functional loss which requires dedicated post-stroke rehabilitation to regain motor function. The incidence of stroke is increasing rapidly while there remains a shortage of therapists to provide sufficient rehabilitation. There is therefore a high demand for therapists to attend to the rising number of stroke survivors. Robot-aided therapy has emerged as a beneficial tool for providing continuous rehabilitation of the upper limb and is widely being implemented. With this technology, there is great potential to reduce the ill-effects brought about by the low therapist-patient ratio which has hindered sufficient rehabilitation and consequently the effective recovery of motor function among stroke survivors. Hypothesis: The use of a portable robotic rehabilitation system, as a complementary tool, in hand therapy, would promote continuous rehabilitation by encouraging repetition of task oriented exercises which would enhance motor function of an impaired hand. Task-oriented writing practice would potentially improve hand coordination and result in better accuracy while repetitive training would potentially increase hand motor strength. Objectives: 1.To design and manufacture a portable robotic rehabilitation system. 2. To test the performance and usability of the system. Methods: The system was manufactured and its performance tested in a pilot pre-clinical trial involving three participants. The system's ease of use was assessed using a standardised usability scale. Writing accuracy and hand motor strength were also assessed and the results analysed at the end of the study. Results: The average overall score of usability for the rehabilitation system was a few points higher than the average score. The users of the system also experienced increased motivation whilst performing the repetitive and task oriented exercises. There was an improvement in the completion time of the writing accuracy test and the tasks of the trace sample test. The variation in grip strength of the non-dominant hand during the rehabilitation period was small for each of the participants. Conclusion: The rehabilitation system motivated its users to repetitively perform rehabilitative training which may have improved writing accuracy.
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Tai, Lok-hei Chris, and 戴樂熙. "The effectiveness of EMG biofeedback in hand function training after stroke." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45010419.
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Robertson, Sylvia L. (Sylvia Luise). "A correlational study of sensorimotor function of the hand in subjects with cerebral lesions /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61336.
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The primary objective of this study was to examine the modulation of prehensile forces in people with cerebral vascular accidents resulting in sensory deficits on the hand. A prehensile pinch force apparatus was constructed to measure the pinch forces employed when holding a manipulandum between the thumb and index finger, and to determine how these forces changed as a function of the direction of force applied to the hand by a motor connected to the manipulandum and the surface texture of the manipulandum (i.e. plastic, suede, sandpaper). Sensorimotor function was assessed in twelve experimental subjects (patients) and fourteen normal control subjects using a number of tests, including pressure sensitivity, static and moving two-point discrimination, a hand function test, a timed object-recognition and material-recognition test, and a test of pinch strength. On the tests of sensibility and hand function, but not of pinch strength, the experimental group had deficits on the hand contralateral to the cerebral lesion. For all subjects who could perform the prehensile pinch force test (PPFT), pinch forces were modulated with the forces applied to the hand, although most of the experimental subjects did not adjust their pinch forces to the surface texture of the manipulandum. These findings indicate that the PPFT holds promise as an objective measure of hand function.
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Wentzel, Roxanne. "A Comparison of the outcomes of two rehabilitation protocols after flexor tendon repair of the hand at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61677.
Full textAbstract:
Flexor tendon repair of the hand and rehabilitation are frequently discussed between
hand surgeons and therapists. This is mainly due to the poor outcomes commonly
achieved after this type of surgery. There are many patients in public hospitals in
South Africa who require flexor tendon repair surgery. They are regularly sent to
therapists for rehabilitation, where the early passive motion protocol is commonly
implemented. Although the early active motion protocol has yielded improved results
globally, there is limited evidence on the comparison of the outcomes of these two
protocols in the South African context. The aim of the study was to compare the
outcomes of an early active motion protocol to the outcomes of an early passive
motion protocol in patients with zone II to IV flexor tendon repairs of the hand,
attending rehabilitation at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital. The study
was a quantitative single-blinded comparative controlled trial. Forty-six patients who
sustained a zone II-IV flexor tendon injury were recruited for the study and equally
distributed between the two groups (early active motion and early passive motion).
Out of these participants, 11 did not return for the initial assessment at four weeks
post-surgery and were therefore excluded. There were 19 participants in the early
active motion group and 16 participants in the early passive motion group. Results
were collected and classified at 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Data collection took
place from December 2014 to January 2016 in the Chris Hani Baragwanath
Academic Hospital Hand Unit. At 12 weeks post-surgery, the total active motion,
fingertip to table, and distal palmar crease measurements were similar between the
two groups. Tendon rupture occurred in 8.57% (n=3, early active motion = 5.71%,
early passive motion = 2.86%) of patients. This study found that there was no
difference in outcomes between the two groups. Therefore, either protocol could be
implemented in South African public hospitals. However, since the early active motion
protocol takes less time to implement, this protocol is recommended. A study with a
greater magnitude would be necessary to determine a significant comparison
between the two groups; however, this is challenging due to poor patient compliance.Dissertation (MOccupational Therapy)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Occupational Therapy
MOccupational Therapy
Unrestricted
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Colachis, Sam C. IV. "Optimizing the Brain-Computer Interface for Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524083218999623.
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Stiber, Stephanie A. "Development of an End-effector Sensory Suite for a Rehabilitation Robot." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3796.
Full textAbstract:
This research presents an approach in assisting the control and operation of a rehabilitation robot manipulator to execute simple grasping tasks for persons with severe disabilities. It outlines the development of an end-effector sensory suite that includes the BarrettHand end-effector, laser range finder, and a low cost camera.
The approach taken in this research differs greatly from the currently available rehabilitation robot arms in that it requires minimal user instruction, it is easy to operate and more effective for persons severely disabled. A thorough study of the currently available systems; Manus, Raptor and Kares II arm, is also presented.
In order to test the end-effector sensory suite, experiments were performed to find the centroid of an object of interest to direct the robot end-effector towards it with minimal error. Analyses of centroid location data to ensure accurate results are also presented.
The long term goal of this research is to significantly enhance the ability of severely disabled persons to perform activities of daily living using wheelchair mounted robot arms. The sensory suite developed through this project is expected to be integrated into a seven-degree of freedom wheelchair mounted robot arm currently under development at the Rehabilitation Robots Laboratory at the University of South Florida.
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Mishra, Sankalp. "Use Of Virtual Reality Technology In Medical Training And Patient Rehabilitation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1559144258671291.
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Dolberg, Rebecca. "Task specific focal hand dystonia: Temporal and spatial abnormalities in sensory and motor processing in the contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3390042.
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Thesis (D.P.T.Sc.)--University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco State University, 2009.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-02, Section: B, page: . Adviser: Nancy N. Byl.
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Luhmann, Ole. "Development of a Novel Hand Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation and Assistance of Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome Patients." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281248.
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Hand exoskeletons are wearable robotic devices which are used to compensate for impaired handmovements in patientswith impaired upper-limbs. These devices can either help patients to grasp objects for a therapeutic purpose or to performactivities of daily living. This Thesis describes the development of a novel hand exoskeleton, with a focus on the user, based on the product development methodology "the V-Model". Therefore, user needs are identified through interviews and a thorough literature review. Three potential concepts are developed and sub-sequential a concept is selected based on a logical decision process. A mathematical model of the selected concept is generated and then used for dimensioning the hand exoskeleton. Moreover, three variants of the hand exoskeleton are built as prototypes. Finally, the variants of the device are tested on a bench top. The result of the development process is a novel hand exoskeleton for the rehabilitation of upper motor neuron syndrome patients. Force and range of motion tests revealed, that a design with a higher level of underactuation is favourable. The design presented in this thesis does not reach the defined range of motion and force augmentation. However, the defined target values are the results of a conservative approach, thus are a challenge to reach. The augmented closing force and range of motion surpass other state of the art hand exoskeletons. Nevertheless, the augmented opening force under-performs in comparison with other designs. Decisively, a validation with users is needed for a usability assessment.Exoskelett för händer är robotiska hjälpmedel som kan användas för att kompensera nedsatt muskelstyrka och rörlighet hos patienter med nedsatt muskelfunktion i armarna. Dessa hjälpmedel kan hjälpa patienter att greppa föremål i ett terapeutiskt syfte eller för att utföra vardagliga sysslor. Examensarbetet beskriver utvecklingsarbetet av ett nytt exoskelett med fokus på användaren genom att tillämpa produktutvecklingsmotodikens V-modell. Användarens krav och behov identifieras genom intervjuer och en gedigen litteraturstudie. Tre koncept utvecklas och ett vidareutvecklat koncept väljs slutligen baserat på en logisk beslutsprocess. En matematisk modell genereras och används för att dimensionera exoskelettet. Dessutom tillverkas tre prototyper av exoskelettet i olika utföranden för att slutligen utvärderas i en testrigg. Resultatet av utvecklingsprocessen är ett nytt handexoskelett ämnat för rehabilitering av patienter med övre motorneuronsjukdom. Tester som genomfördes för att mäta Kraft och rörlighet visade att en design med en högre grad av underaktuering är gynnsamt. Designen som presenteras här når inte upp till de krav som ställs på kraft och rörlighet, de målvärden som definieras är dock baserade på ett konservativt synsätt och är därmed svåra att uppnå. Exoskelettet producerar en högre stängningskraft och uppvisar bättre rörlighet än andra toppmoderna exoskelett. Exoskelettet underpresterar dock vad gäller den producerade öppningskraften jämfört med andra modeller och designen behöver valideras hos användarna för att användarbarheten ska kunna bestämmas.
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Schildt, Christopher J. "CLOSED-LOOP AFFERENT NERVE ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR REHABILITATION OF HAND FUNCTION IN SUBJECTS WITH INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURY." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/43.
Full textAbstract:
Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is commonly used to promote use-dependent cortical plasticity for rehabilitation of motor function in spinal cord injury. Pairing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with PNS has been shown to increase motor evoked potentials most when the two stimuli are timed to arrive in the cortex simultaneously. This suggests that a mechanism of timing-dependent plasticity (TDP) may be a more effective method of promoting motor rehabilitation. The following thesis is the result of applying a brain-computer interface to apply PNS in closed-loop simultaneously to movement intention onset as measured by EEG of the sensorimotor cortex to test whether TDP can be induced in incomplete spinal cord injured individuals with upper limb motor impairment. 4 motor incomplete SCI subjects have completed 12 sessions of closed-loop PNS delivered over 4-6 weeks. Benefit was observed for every subject although not consistently across metrics. 3 out of 4 subjects exhibited increased maximum voluntary contraction force (MVCF) between first and last interventions for one or both hands. TMS-measured motor map volume increased for both hemispheres in one subject, and TMS center of gravity shifted in 3 subjects consistent with studies in which motor function improved or was restored. These observations suggest that rehabilitation using similar designs for responsive stimulation could improve motor impairment in SCI.
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Hoffman, Larisa Reed. "Practice Related Plasticity: Functional and Cortical Changes in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury Following Four Different Hand Training Interventions." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/39.
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Injury to the cervical spinal cord results in complete or partial loss of arm and hand function, severely limiting the performance of daily activities. Deficits in hand function in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) are primarily due to a loss of descending motor pathways that are vital for fine control of the hand and fingers. In addition to these deficits, secondary plastic reorganization may create further loss of function. This thesis will explore the following questions: 1. What are the similarities and differences between cortical organization of muscles affected by a cervical SCI to those not affected by the injury?; 2. Do individuals with cervical SCI improve in hand function and cortical organization after an intensive hand training intervention?; 3. Which physical therapy intervention provides the optimal conditions by which to improve hand function following cervical SCI? In chapter 2 we compare cortical motor maps of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evoked responses of muscles rostral and caudal to the injury to those of ND individuals. The cortical maps of the biceps brachii or the thenar muscles were constructed, and compared between ND individuals and individuals with SCI. The motor threshold (MT) for the thenar muscles in individuals with SCI was significantly higher than ND individuals. The purpose of the study described in chapter 3 was to compare the functional and cortical changes associated with two different interventions: unimanual or bimanual massed practice training, both combined with somatosensory stimulation. There was a significant difference between pre- and post-intervention scores on tests measuring unimanual hand function, bimanual hand function, and sensory function. This difference was associated with a difference between pre- and post-intervention cortical map area. The purpose of the study described in chapter 4 was to compare clinical and cortical changes associated with either a delayed intervention control period or a combined intervention of massed practice training with electrical stimulation. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: delayed intervention control group or immediate intervention group. Participants were also randomly assigned to one of four groups: unimanual training with somatosensory stimulation, bimanual training with somatosensory stimulation, unimanual training with functional electrical stimulation, or bimanual training with functional electrical stimulation. There was a significant difference between the control and immediate intervention group on the test measuring unimanual hand function. Participants in the bimanual group performed significantly better on the test measuring bimanual hand function. There was a significant difference between the control group and immediate intervention group in cortical map area. In chapter 5 we discuss the clinical relevance of the results of the studies described in three prior chapters. Conclusions drawn include the idea that cortical maps of muscles caudal to the level of injury in individuals with SCI have higher motor thresholds than ND participants. Individuals with tetraplegia can improve in hand function and sensation with a physical therapy intervention of massed practice training combined with somatosensory stimulation. Finally, the type of training (unimanual massed practice or bimanual massed practice) influences the type of improvements gained, however the type of electrical stimulation does not influence the clinical outcome.
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Tsai, Kai-Hsiang, and 蔡凱翔. "An Automatic Hand Traction Machine for Hand Spasm Rehabilitation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93354678063902104583.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
電子工程系
103
Treating the patient with the best is the concept of modern rehabilitation treatment. All medical personnel, social welfare assistance personnel and the family of the patient form a complete team to provide all appropriate assistances to treat the patient. Complete and active rehabilitation treatment has been proved can reduce the hospitalization time and the loss of function significantly. The whole rehabilitation process not only patient need completely cooperate with caregivers, but also need proper rehabilitation equipment. The goal of this paper is to develop an automatic hand traction machine for hand spasm rehabilitation. The machine is integrated with a self-made hand tractor, the pulse width modulation variable (PWM) circuit, AC motor, reduction unit, a movable and a fixed pulley combination. The pulse width modulation variable (PWM) circuit is the core circuit, it control AC motor to tract a spasm hand correctly and regularly to prevent the deformation of hand-joint and to reduce the compressive region. This paper makes a brief introduction of each rehabilitation treatment process for hand spasm patients. The developed automatic hand traction machine was employed on a hand spasm patient. The experimental results show that the developed automatic hand traction machine is effective and efficient in hand spasm rehabilitation. Keywords: pulse width modulation (PWM), hand tractor machine, hand spasm, rehabilitation.
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Chen, Bing-Hong, and 陳秉宏. "Innovative Design of Hand Rehabilitation Aids." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27025898518840674138.
Full textAbstract:
碩士吳鳳科技大學
光機電暨材料研究所
102
The utilization of aids has been significantly increasing as the elderly population grows, criminal rate rises and various types of accident escalate in the society. In a variety of reasons, more and more people need to use the aids in their daily life and the rehabilitation process. The principles involved in designing hand rehabilitation aids are listed below. (1) The relative pressure: to utilize the force in the opposite direction to the fixed hand. (2) The tripartite force system: to utilize the force in the direction of the force point and the support point to fix the rehabilitative joint and limit the range of activities. (3) The strengthened cavity pressure: to promote the strength of the limbs to protect the soft tissues. (4) The feedback of the kinesthetic: to utilize the kinesthetic to avoid the excessive movement. This research has developed an innovative design of hand rehabilitation aids and provides more choices to help people who need the hand rehabilitation.
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Siao, Jhih-Cian, and 蕭智謙. "Development of the hand joint rehabilitation device." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81440720742179228132.
Full textAbstract:
碩士建國科技大學
自動化工程系暨機電光系統研究所
101
The hand injured patients who have lost their ability of the action of limbs movements. The dysfunction of the limbs of the patients might be happened or leading the cause of disability, if a self-conscious or external force of the rehabilitation has not been carried on for injured hand joints for the long term. It has been proven that an effective rehabilitation could improve the activities of the patient’s hand joints so as to maintain muscle durability consequently. Actually, the rehabilitation of the hand joints have been carried out by physiotherapists and being with the help of performing an external force at present. For the purpose of reducing the work load of the physiotherapists as well as providing doctors with the useful quantification data, which has been obtained during the processes of the rehabilitation, as the diagnosis reference when they are on duty. This research has developed a set of finger rehabilitation system and being integrated with mechanism &; control technology in it eventually. With regards to mechanism design, by using the micro-reduction gear motor along with screw bolt work as the driven device so as to lead the linkage mechanism for linking the operation of finger panels. And through the help of finger panels, the action of the hand finger’s flexion &; extension of patient's can be guided by the finger joint rehabilitation device eventually. As for the operation interface, it really is with embedded system. And its operation terms are entered through the help of the touch panel. Moreover, the function modes are having manual operation, automatic operation, parameter setting and the access of numerical values included. In addition, there are sensors of angle, displacement and force being installed on rehabilitation device so as to sense the signals and sending them back to embedded system for proceeding to process of data recording eventually. This research has accomplished the establishment of hand joint rehabilitation device and the physical on-line experiments. And it is done by wearing the rehabilitation device so as to measure the angle changes of finger’s flexion practically. The result shows that with the help of the running of the micro reduction gear motor, the linkage mechanism’s operation is leaded so as to let the finger joints have effective actions of flexion and extension. And the total range of motion of each of the finger joints are 110∘for index finger, 95∘for middle finger, 100∘for third finger, 70∘for little finger and 50∘for thumb respectively. Moreover, the rehabilitation device could provide 1.5 N ~ 4.5 N of force strength for rehabilitation. The whole system effective improving the activities of the finger joints of the patients, in addition to provide physiotherapists with the useful quantification data as the diagnosis reference when they are on duty and it is proven to be met the demands of physiotherapists.
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HUANG, YING-QIN, and 黃應欽. "The Development of a System for Hand Rehabilitation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75606247831530547373.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
電機工程學系
105
Taiwan has been facing the population aging problem. With the number of cases of diseases and accidents increase, patients with hand dysfunction and immobility increase. This makes the need for rehabilitation treatment increasing. With the progressive development of science and technology, the traditional rehabilitation treatment relying on human manpower has been gradually replaced. New technologies have been employed into the traditional medical aids, and this makes medical aids have diversified development. This significantly improves the effectiveness and complementarity of rehabilitation. Routinely, hand rehabilitation mainly uses medical aids to assist patients with the training of their fingers’ ability on stretching, bending and grasping. Although these medical aids can help patients to restore their hand function, it lacks of data capture of fingers’ range of movement, as well as providing training feedback. Therefore, rehabilitation process cannot be recorded. Moreover, patients need to spend time on transporting to hospital for rehabilitation training. This is very inconvenient and may affect the effectiveness of rehabilitation. This study aims to develop an interactive hand function rehabilitation system with the integration of the 3D printing technique, mechanical and electrical design, as well as database management. We have developed a glove with sensors inside it, for the measurement of the fingers’ range of movement. The data of fingers’ movement were recorded and stored at the database. Physicians can use such information in the future treatment. The 3D printed mechanical hand with various training modes can be used for patients’ hand rehabilitation training. Through interactive rehabilitation, rehabilitation becomes funnier.
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LIU, CHUN-YEN, and 劉俊巖. "Infrared Hand Pulley of Upper Limb Rehabilitation System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77082439234978291818.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北教育大學
資訊科學系碩士班
104
Since the aging population structure from year to year, the population age increased year by year, Stroke becomes the main reason for disability in the elderly. When stroke patients in stable condition and should be immediately and actively to do rehabilitation of therapy training, this period is the golden era of rehabilitation of, or when the patient's body does not move, and soon produce muscle atrophy and joint stiffness and other disability phenomena. The traditional way of hand rehabilitation just through a therapist anthropogenic observation and high reproducibility The lack of quantitative assessment of the quality of training and the content of the more tedious. This study is infrared emitter into passive hand pulley training device, which belongs to a ring of OT (Occupational Therapy). The rehabilitation of patients hand tied to trolley and placed on the desktop. Through the movement of the track designed to guide patients to do the swing and position the replacement of the hand which test results through this system becomes digitized data. And use of the Unity platform to increase its games in the use of patient willingness to design a simple electronic sensing technology, low cost, non-complicated mechanical structure and both games of rehabilitation system, and finally through the online database , let the doctor which data can be used to count and assess the progress of the case of patients. It can be corrected according to the data show the most consistent with the patient's rehabilitation approach to be used more to improve the functionality of the system to achieve a more comprehensive upper limb rehabilitation device.
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Chen, Wei-Zhi, and 陳威志. "Research and Development of the Electric Hand Rehabilitation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cd5cfw.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
97
Recently, people get more attentions on health issues. In 1991, the government of Taiwan listed “Health & Care Industry” as one of the top 10 new rising industries. Encourage industries to develop multiple functions and high value-added medical equipments and raise the technical level in the country. Electric assistive hand rehabilitation device that help people to recover the function of muscles and live more convenient. This research mainly focus on the new design of electric assistive hand rehabilitation to help patients live more easily. Firstly, analysze the iteratuers and patents of rehabilitation devices and make conclusions. When desige the rehabilitation devies, we must avoide the patent rights. Then, ask the chinesemedical doctor, we conclude some design requirements and design contraints of rehabilitation devices. And, according to the design methobology of creative mechanism design, we synthesize the new design concepts. Then, based on the kinematic design method, the rehabilitation device satisfied the kinematic reguirement is synthesized. Finally, the automatic control system is added into the rehabilitation device to achieve the rehabilitation functions without manu-operation and let the rehabilitation device become more safe. Keyword：Rehabilitation Device, Wrist, Elbow, control system
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"Hand function assessment: a study of finger amputation." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887085.
Full textAbstract:
by Ho Kim Kong Enoch.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-102).
ABSTRACT --- p.I
ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.V
LIST OF TABLES --- p.VIII
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.X
Chapter CHAPTER 1 - --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1-5
Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction
Chapter 1.2 --- Questions address
Chapter 1.3 --- Definition
Chapter CHAPTER 2 - --- LITERATURAL REVIEW - DEVELOPMENT OF HAND FUNCTION TESTS --- p.6-14
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction
Chapter 2.2 --- Trends of studies of hand injury in Hong Kong
Chapter 2.3 --- Previous studies to compare and relate physical and functional impairment
Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusion
Chapter CHAPTER 3 - --- FUNCTION ASSESSMENT - CRITERIA FOR THE EVALUATION --- p.15-28
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction
Chapter 3.2 --- Functional Anatomy
Chapter 3.3 --- Grip force study
Chapter 3.4 --- Sensation
Chapter 3.5 --- Functional assessment
Chapter 3.6 --- Conclusion
Chapter CHAPTER 4 - --- METHODOLOGY --- p.29-43
Chapter 4.1 --- Subject selection
Chapter 4.2 --- Organization
Chapter 4.3 --- Physical assessment
Chapter 4.4 --- Functional assessment
Chapter 4.5 --- Evaluation of loss of earning capacity
Chapter 4.6 --- Control group
Chapter 4.7 --- Statistical analysis
Chapter CHAPTER 5 - --- RESULT --- p.44-57
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction
Chapter 5.2 --- Subject characteristics
Chapter 5.3 --- Result of individual tests
Chapter 5.4 --- Assessment of loss of earning capacity
Chapter 5.5 --- Hand function assessment after return to work
Chapter 5.6 --- Effect of severity of injury
Chapter CHAPTER 6 - --- DISCUSSION --- p.58-67
Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction
Chapter 6.2 --- Impairment of hand function in finger amputation
Chapter 6.3 --- The effect of return to work
Chapter 6.4 --- Official schema for assessment of percentage of loss of earning capacity
Chapter 6.5 --- Severity of injury and the outcome
Chapter 6.6 --- The hand assessment protocol
Chapter CHAPTER 7 - --- CONCLUSION --- p.68-70
APPENDIX --- p.71-90
ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.91-97
REFERENCES --- p.98-102
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Figueiredo, Diogo Videira. "Hand Rehabilitation System : dispositivo biomecânico para reabilitação da mão." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/22946.
Full textAbstract:
A ocorrência de acidentes vasculares cerebrais – AVC tem vindo a aumentar, sendo uma das
principais causas de morte e de invalidez em todo o mundo. Graças à grande evolução que se
tem assistido na área da saúde, o número de sobreviventes tem também aumentado, embora, na
grande maioria dos casos, fiquem com graves sequelas e com necessidades de reabilitação para
poderem melhorar a sua qualidade de vida pós AVC. Embora já existam ferramentas de apoio
à reabilitação direcionadas para este tipo de pacientes, a emergente evolução tecnológica
permite o desenvolvimento de sistemas que tornem a reabilitação mais estimulante, autónoma
e eficaz. Este trabalho de projeto pretende ser uma contribuição para essa evolução. Assim,
apresenta-se um protótipo funcional direcionado para a reabilitação da mão, designado por HRS
– Hand Rehabilitation System. O equipamento que se propõe tem como principal objetivo a
avaliação e melhoria da capacidade de preensão e dos movimentos da mão dos pacientes, assim
como o seu desempenho cognitivo. O equipamento conjuga a utilização de componentes
estruturais com um conjunto de sensores, ligados a uma unidade de processamento que, além
da interface de medição e registo, disponibiliza um conjunto de exercícios com biofeedback sob
forma de jogo, permitindo assim que os utilizadores realizem as tarefas de reabilitação de forma
mais divertida e interativa. Apesar de ser direcionado para os pacientes em processo de
reabilitação pós AVC, o HRS pode também ser utilizado em outros contextos em que os
exercícios que envolvam a capacidade de preensão e a motricidade da mão ou ainda a
implementação de atividades ocupacionais, possam ser úteis.
Neste trabalho descrevem-se as etapas que conduziram ao desenvolvimento do HRS, desde a
sua conceção, projeto e construção aos testes de funcionalidade e usabilidade, cujos resultados
se apresentam e que salientam a relevância deste equipamento.
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Pan, Chun-Hsiao, and 潘俊孝. "Development of a Accelerometer-based Glove for Hand Rehabilitation." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94973317063951333855.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
96
A data glove finger movements can be transformed into digital signals, and to do with computers, can be used in virtual reality rehabilitation interface. However, because of existing products in terms of convenience and prices have a lot of room for improvement. And this is facilitated by the cheap three-axis sensors to speed up research and development data gloves, use of the accelerator sensor in the direction of gravity to accelerate, in order to determine that state . The R & D devices can be measured each fingers refers to their static state, palm angle, and restrictions under the dynamic conditions that state.
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Horng, Zheng-Xiang, and 洪振翔. "Development of a Robot for Neuro-Rehabilitation of Hand." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52847464068220581056.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
96
There are two kinds of treatments for rehabilitation of hand of stroke patients clinically. In the passive treatment, the paralyzed hand was passively manipulated by the physical therapists to prevent the un wanted movements. In the active treatment, the stroke patients have to finish the movements voluntarily under the assistance or the resistance of the physical therapists. After the treatments, the physical therapists also assess the effect of the treatments qualitatively. The goal of this thesis is to develop a robot for hand rehabilitation by performing various facilitation patterns. The robot is applied to extension and flexion movements for the stroke patients. For passive stretch, the robot can guide the subject’s hand to extension or flexion. For voluntary movements, the robot can apply assistance or resistance force to facilitate the neuromuscular system of the patients when subjects performed trajectory tracking. The robot is constructed by the ball screws and the finger tubes. During movements, the encoder and force sensor record the position of the hand and the reactive force between robot and patients’ hand. Off-line analyses of these biomechanical data were used to assess progress of hand rehabilitation quantitatively. The robot system has been built by integrating a mechanism, an actuator, a controller, system software and a man-machine interface. Two treatments : passive stretch and trajectory tracking were realized and two quantitative assessments : passive stiffness and tracking error root mean square to assess the hand functions of the patients.