Journal articles: 'Hand axe'

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Vakula, Matej. "Looking for an Acheulean hand-axe in messy knowledge." Technoetic Arts 16, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tear.16.3.285_1.

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Tindale, Norman B. "The Hand Axe Used in the Western Desert of Australia." Mankind 3, no. 2 (February 10, 2009): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1941.tb00147.x.

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Harding, Phil, S. E. James, and Elaine A. Wakefield. "Things Ain't Always What They Seem to be: a Cautionary Tale Concerning a ‘Hand-axe’." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 74 (2008): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00000220.

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In June 2007 David Summers was digging in his garden at Wroughton (NGR SU 14778117), just south of Swindon, Wiltshire, when he noticed a small bifacial flint tool. Realising that it was something interesting he e-mailed photographs to Devizes Museum where the now-retired curator, Paul Robinson, identified it as a Lower Palaeolithic hand-axe. The implement is a small pointed bifacial tool, conforming exactly to Wymer's (1968) type F hand-axes; it measures 60 mm long, 47 mm wide and is 29 mm thick. The object is unrolled, suggesting that it had not moved far from the point where it was dropped, but is heavily stained. Nothing like it was known from the immediate area although hand-axes have been recorded from the summit of Hackpen Hill, 7 km to the south (Roe 1968) with others, including small implements, from one of the most prolific sites in Britain at Knowle Farm (Roe 1968) on the edge of Savernake Forest. It was suggested that the present author might be interested in the axe and could perhaps tell him more about it. Some digital photographs were duly received and confirmed, with a caveat that the comment was being made from photos, that the object did, indeed, appear to be a small hand-axe. It was added to the County Sites and Monuments Record (SMR) and was also taken to the British Museum, where it was confirmed as a hand-axe. Nick Ashton, Curator of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Collections, also commenting from photographs, considered that it certainly looked like a hand-axe but contributed that the back garden provenance was unusual and suggested that it may have been originally found elsewhere.

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Odriozola, C. P., J. M. Vargas Jiménez, J. M. Martínez-Blanes, and L. García Sanjuán. "El hacha pulimentada de jade de la colección Tubino (Museo Municipal, Valencina de la Concepción, Sevilla)." SPAL. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Sevilla, no. 25 (2016): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/spal.2016i25.08.

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Turner, Robin, and J. J. Wymer. "An Assemblage of Palaeolithic Hand-Axes from the Roman Religious Complex at Ivy Chimneys, Witham, Essex." Antiquaries Journal 67, no. 1 (March 1987): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500026275.

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This paper describes the context and nature of an assemblage of forty-four Palaeolithic hand-axes from a Roman religious site at Witham, Essex. The hand-axes are considered to have been derived from several sources, and it is suggested that the Romano-British occupants of the site deliberately selected them for their shape and placed them in the bottom of two large man-made depressions. In the light of stone axe finds on continental temple sites, and of classical Roman texts and traditions, the possibility arises that the Witham finds may have represented ‘thunderbolts’ in the worship of Jupiter or a local Celtic equivalent.

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Bailey, Geoff. "The Balkans in prehistory: the Palaeolithic archaeology of Greece and adjacent areas." Antiquity 69, no. 262 (March 1995): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00064267.

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Thirty years ago, the finding of a single hand-axe in Greece was remarkable enough to have its own note in ANTIQUITY. A recent conference is occasion to review the regional picture, now broad as well as deep enough for patterns to emerge which look more like early prehistoric realities than the chance consequence of where the pioneers have been looking.

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Carver, Frances Grace. "With Bible in One Hand and Battle-Axe in the Other: Carry A. Nation as Religious Performer and Self-Promoter." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 9, no. 1 (1999): 31–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.1999.9.1.03a00020.

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Why do high school history books mention Carry Nation and not other women (and there were many) who marched into saloons with hatchets, pokers, Bibles, and off-key accordians? And why is it that these history textbooks caricature her as a masculinized and menopausal megalomaniac rather than as a religiously inspired reformer who gave voice to the hopes of thousands of people longing for an alcohol-free promised land? The answer to the first question lies in Nation's own genius at self-promotion and her remarkably media-genic personality. She had undeniable charisma and a certain brilliance in making the most out of it. The answer to the second question lies in the even greater success of entrepreneurs who manipulated her public appeal to their own profit-making advantage by luridly packaging her personality and Crusade with brassy embellishments and blatant untruths. The commercial culture she sought to manipulate, in the end, got the best of her: retailers, reporters, and her so-called managers twisted her image to fit their own desires to turn a quick profit.

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Carver, Frances Grace. "With Bible in One Hand and Battle-Axe in the Other: Carry A. Nation as Religious Performer and Self-Promoter." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 9, no. 1 (January 1999): 31–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1123926.

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Wooten, Cecil W. "Cicero and Quintilian on the Style of Demosthenes." Rhetorica 15, no. 2 (1997): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.1997.15.2.177.

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Abstract: Cicero and Quintilian were critics of oratory who knew Greek well. They both have much to say about Demosthenes and are important figures in the history of Demosthenic scholarship. Cicero discusses Demosthenes mainly in the Orator, which he wrote primarily as an answer to the Atticists and as a defence of his own oratory. His comments, therefore, tend to be tendentious and to reflect Ciceronian praetiee more than that of Demosthenes. Quintilian, on the other hand, who was a critic rather than a practicing orator and who does not have an “axe to grind,” makes many perceptive comments about Demosthenic oratory.

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Sinika, Vitalii S., Nikolai P. Telnov, and Sergei D. Lysenko. "Scythian Burial-Mound 7 in the “Vodovod” Group in the Lower Reaches of the Dniester River." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 27, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 111–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341362.

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Abstract Materials obtained during investigation of Scythian burial-mound 7 in the “Vodovod” group in 2017 near the village of Glinoye in the Slobozia District on the east bank of the Lower Dniester are published here for the first time. The burial-mound contained five burials – four in pits and one in a catacomb. The burials in pits had been deposited at the turn of the 4th century BC and the catacomb burial dated from the first third of the 3rd century BC. The graves belonged to ordinary members of the community but contained a fairly distinctive range of grave goods. It was made up of weapons (arrowheads and an axe) and horse harness (a bit and a cheek-piece), vessels (a wooden dish, hand-moulded pot and a hand-moulded bowl), tools (knives, awls, a needle, spindle whorls and an abrasive tool) and jewellery (rings, a metal bracelet, beads, pendants made of shell, oolitic limestone and canine teeth of dogs). In addition tassel-holders, a bronze mirror and a flint strike-a-light were found. A bronze ring from burial 7/2 reflects La Tène influence and the hand-moulded cup from burial 7/4 reflects Thracian influence on the material culture of the Scythians in the North-West Pontic region. In general the funerary rite and range of grave goods demonstrate the transformation of Scythian culture during the second half of the 4th and first half of the 3rd century BC.

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SKUPNIEWICZ, Patryk. "The Himyarite “knight” and Partho-Sasanian art." Historia i Świat 5 (September 12, 2016): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.34739/his.2016.05.04.

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The Himyarite slab from Zafar contains several distinctive features shared with some Parthian and Sasanian art pieces, but its relation with Naqš-e Rostam friezes proposed by Yule and Robin does not seem convincing. 1. It shows a rider clad in long scale armor analogically to a terracotta tile from the British Mus eum (fig.9); 2. There is an infantry attendant with an axe depicted over the mount’s rump similarly to the Tang-e Sarvak frieze, where there are two foot warriors and a battle axe too (fig. 7); The horse position on Tang-e Sarvak is either standing or rearing as on discussed relief. 3. Round shield and raised right hand with a lance as on Ṭāq-e Bostān relief (fig. 12). 4. The layout of the original piece must have therefore been squarish rather than horizontally extended, with the opponent of the main figure marginalized. Therefore Himyarite artisans either followed unknown or not preserved Iranian iconographic pattern or combined the features of different canons. Yule and Robin have pointed out that simple snaffle was depicted in place of elaborate and decorative Sasanian bridle, an element usually pronounced in Sasanian art but not always clearly marked in Parthian iconography, especially in smaller objects. It cannot be however excluded that the slab rather follows a Roman tradition captured in local taste.

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Alexandrov, A. V., A. A. Smirnov, P. V. Goncharuk, and A. N. Evdokimov. "Replantation fingertip without venous anastomoses in children." Issues of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery 24, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52581/1814-1471/77/01.

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Objective. Traumatic complete and partial finger amputations are rare in comparison with adults. There are significant differences between mechanism of trauma, principles of treatment children with this type of injury in comparison with adults.Clinical case. A 15-years old child suffered from injury by axe, which caused the traumatic fingertip amputation of III and IV digits of his right hand. Replantation of both amputated parts was performed. Arteries and nerves were repaired with no veins anastomosed. As a result - survival of replanted parts.Discussion. A submillimeter diameter of vessels and potential venous congestion are basic problems that a surgeon deal with when perform the replantation of fingertips. Respectively, a difficulty in post-operative care of patient appears.Conclusion. Replantation of amputated part of finger is a golden standard of treatment of children with a described type of injury. The correct deliverance of amputated parts, the shortest time of ischemia as possible, a qualitive operation and post-operative care play an important role in successful survival of the replanted segments.

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Al-Zubaidy, Aqeel. "Mineralogy and Chemical Composition of Basalt Stone Tools in Some Iraqi Archaeological Sites." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 1C (March 31, 2021): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.1c.8ms-2021-03-28.

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Basalt stone tools were collected from some Iraqi Archaeological Sites. Twenty-one samples were studied petrographically, mineralogically, and chemical composition. Five samples were from the Gaara Depression north of Rutba town, seven samples from Tarmiya, north Baghdad, seven samples from Dalmij site, east of Diwaniya city, and two samples from Jordan, which were used for comparison. The studied samples were classified into three groups, according to their mineralogy and texture: Group A: Vesicular Basalt, Group B: Dolerite, and Group C: Olivine Basalt. These stones most probably were used as a hand axe, grinder, hammer, and other uses, as well as for buildings, like those used in Qasar Al- Azraq and Umm Al- Jamal archaeological sites in Jordan. These basalt rocks most probably were transported by an ancient man from Harrat Al-Sham, which extends through Syria-Jordan-Saudi Arabia, or from NE Syria through a trade route that connected between source areas and the studied archaeological sites in Iraq.

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Yusiana, Maria Anita, Sandy Kurniajati, Erva Elli Kristanti, and Dyah Ayu Kartika Wulan Sari. "Personal Hygiene Skills are Not Related to Infections in School-Age Children." Babali Nursing Research 3, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2022.3280.

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Introduction: The incidence of infection in school-age children can be caused by the negligence of children in carrying out personal hygiene, namely washing hands and due to contact with individuals who have been infected with pathogens. Infectious diseases that often suffer are upper respiratory infection, diarrhea, and intestinal worms with symptoms of fever. Preventive efforts that can be done by children are personal hygiene (washing hands). Prevention of infection in children is done by teaching school-age children to wash their hands properly. The objective of this study was to analyze personal hygiene skills (hand washing) with the incidence of infection in children. Methods: The method in this study was a pre-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. The samples were 20 respondents of school-age children. Differences in pretest-posttest personal hygiene skills (hand washing). Results: The results are based on data collected from 20 subjects, the results of the pretest-posttest personal hygiene skills (hand washing) in the Wilcoxon test, there was a significant difference, namely (p = 0.541). Conclusion: There was no correlation between personal hygiene (hand washing) and the incidence of infection.

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Topal, Denis, and Mariana Sîrbu. "Hoard of Fragmented Artifacts from the Late Bronze Age near Răzeni Village." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp222395409.

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In 2020, the National Museum of the History of Moldova received a hoard of bronze items, presumably found in a forest near the Răzeni village, Ialoveni district of the Republic of Moldova. The main feature of the Răzeni hoard is the deliberate fragmentation of all items, without exception, by hand, without the help of special tools. Judging by the characteristics of the fragments, it is unlikely that the task of the master was to obtain fragments of a certain mass or size. Therefore, if we exclude the pragmatic interpretation of the Răzeni hoard (as a collection of bronze scrap), we can assume that we are dealing with some kind of social practice of deliberate fragmentation, “mortification” of the object, followed by hiding in the ground. Taking into account the composition of the hoard, the presence of a sickle of the Heleşteni type, a significant number of fragments of sickles of the Ghermăneşti and Ruginoasa variants, characteristic of the early Noua, the most probable intervals for collecting hoard items seem to be the BrD period. At the same time, the presence in the hoard of sickles of the Ilişeni variant, as well as a socketed axe of the Middle Danubian type, the upper date can be raised to HaA1, which is not contradicted by the presence of a sickle, presumably of the Dičevo type of the late BrD — the early HaA1. Apparently, it is this dating that is the most probable for the time of fragmentation of the items and their further deposition.

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Glover, Glenn R., and Bruce R. Zutter. "Loblolly pine and mixed hardwood stand dynamics for 27 years following chemical, mechanical, and manual site preparation." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 10 (October 1, 1993): 2126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-265.

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A site-preparation study installed in 1959 in Fayette County, Alabama, U.S.A., provides data to evaluate long-term effects of varying densities of hardwood on loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) plantation growth, yield, and stand structure. Six treatments (hand girdle; bulldoze scarification; herbicide applied to axe frill, chain frill, and with an injector; and an untreated check) were installed as a randomized complete block with five replications. Periodic measurements of pine and hardwood size and density show that higher hardwood densities existing early in the pine plantation had a substantial negative effect on loblolly pine survival and basal area yield, with the bulldoze and herbicide treatments having less hardwood and higher survival and stand basal area. Pine total height and diameter at breast height were reduced by increasing hardwood density early in the life of the plantation, but size of surviving trees differed little among treatments at later ages, except on plots where most pine trees were suppressed by hardwoods. Strong relationships between pine basal area per hectare at age 27 and both number of hardwood stems at age 3 and percentage of stand basal area in hardwood at age 6 were noted. These relationships indicate promise for predicting long-term growth and yield of loblolly pine plantations from early measures of hardwood interference.

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Cole, Stephanie. "Changes for Mrs. Thornton’s Arthur: Patterns of Domestic Service in Washington, DC, 1800–1835." Social Science History 15, no. 3 (1991): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200021180.

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Several hours before dawn on 5 August 1835, a Washington slave slipped into his mistress’s bedroom, axe in hand. Anna Maria Thornton awoke to see a drunken Arthur, her longtime house slave and the son of her trusted cook and maid, Maria, threatening her with, she believed, murder. Luckily for Mrs. Thornton, Maria was in the room and, “being fortunately awake, seized him & got him out” while her mistress sounded the alarm to the neighbors. Shocked and horrified, Mrs. Thornton recorded in her diary the attack and Arthur’s escape, subsequent capture, and criminal indictment (Thornton, Aug.—Oct. 1835). Some of Washington’s less reputable citizens reacted with hate and violence. In the ensuing days, out-of-work white mechanics gathered at the steps of the city hall, looking for a scapegoat for the disorder Arthur represented. On 12 August the mob turned its wrath on the vulnerable free black community. The “Snow Storm,” named for a victim of its destruction, free black Beverly Snow, was Washington’s most infamous riot. The crowd burned Snow’s restaurant, along with several other symbols of free black success (Werner 1986: 243–45; Curry 1981: 99–100).

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PARK, Seong-Jin. "Reading the Cleaver from a Technical Perspective: Based on the pieces excavated from Jeongok-ri in 2021." Journal of Korean Palaeolithic Society 46 (December 31, 2022): 65–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.52954/kps.2022.1.46.65.

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The Jeongok-ri site is a representative Paleolithic site on the Korean Peninsula and is a key site for international academic debates on the existence of the Acheulean in East Asia. Up to now, the bifaces excavated from this site have been mainly studied with a typological methodology based on form. However, this methodology has a limitation in that it does not clearly indicate the difference between the two types of bifaces, hand-axe and cleaver. Therefore, in this paper, we tried to define and classify the cleaver as an alternative from the technical point of view. From a technological point of view, the key to a cleaver lies in ‘predetermination’, such as whether the time of creation of the cutting edge and the shape of the stone tool are determined at the debitage or the shaping stage and various types of cleavers can also be classified according to the degree of predetermination. From this point of view, as a result of analyzing five cleavers found in the excavation in 2021, most of them showed high-level skills. In addition, a technical comparison was made with the cleavers excavated from Acheulian sites in North Africa, but no significant difference was found between the two regions

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Govil, Nishith, Shalini Dadu, Vinay Rai, and Parag Kumar. "Are We Performing Hand Hygiene: A Lifesaving Skill Correctly?" Indian Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 4, no. 1 (2017): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.4117.12.

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Paminto, Saptaning Ruju, Hasbu Naim Syaddad, and Nahknur Wudhi Ainnaiha. "PERAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENGARUH OJEK DARING (ONLINE) TERHADAP KEARIFAN LOKAL." JOURNAL JUSTICIABELEN (JJ) 1, no. 2 (July 28, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/jj.v1i2.1605.

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ABSTRAKPerkembangan teknologi dewasa ini bagaikan kampak bermata dua, di satu sisi teknologi merupakan sumber informasi yang dapat memudahkan dan membantu pekerjaan manusia secara cepat. Namun di sisi lainnya, teknologi dapat mengubah kebiasaan bahkan karakter penggunanya untuk melakukan hal-hal yang bertentangan dengan agama dan hukum, terlebih lagi berpengaruh terhadap kearifan lokal masyarakat Indonesia yang merupakan warisan budaya leluhur. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menjabarkan pengaruh ojek online terhadap kearifan lokal dan juga untuk mengetahui peran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) dalam mengendalikan pengaruh ojek daring (online) terhadap kearifan lokal. Adapun metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara kajian kepustakaan dan wawancara sebagai validasi guna mendapatkan data yang lebih komprehensif. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa ojek online sangat mempengaruhi kearifan lokal masyarakat yang ditandai dengan timbulnya perbedaan pola pikir antar masyarakat terhadap keberadaannya, sehingga dibutuhkan peran PPKn dalam mengendalikan pengaruh tersebut. ABSTRACTToday the development of technology is like a double-edged axe, on the one hand, technology is a source of information that can facilitate and help humans work quickly. But on the other hand, technology can change the habits and even the character of its users to do things that are contrary to religion and law, moreover, it affects the local wisdom of the Indonesian people which is an ancestral cultural heritage. This research was conducted to describe the effect of online Taxibike on local wisdom and also to determine the role of Pancasila and citizenship education (PPKn) in controlling the influence of online taxi bike on local wisdom. The approach method in this research is normative juridical with descriptive-analytical research specifications. The data collection technique was carried out using literature review and interviews as validation to obtain more comprehensive data. The results of this study show that online taxy bike greatly affect the local wisdom of the community, which is marked by the emergence of differences in mindsets between communities towards their existence so that the role of PPKn is needed in controlling this influence.

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Archi, Alfonso. "A Seal Impression from el-Qiṭār/Til-Abnu (Syria)." Anatolian Studies 43 (December 1993): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642975.

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The seal rolled on the six sides of the envelope containing a legal document found at el-Qiṭār (Pls. XXXV–XXXVI), on the west bank of the Euphrates some 33 km. downstream from Tell Ahmar, has its best parallels in the imprints of the Hittite seals from Ugarit and Emar of the thirteenth century B.C.The scene is framed above and below by a border à guilloche. To the left is the Weather-god, standing on two triangles representing mountains, which do not seem to be marked with a scale pattern as in Yaz. 64.The god wears a beard and his hair falls in a long pigtail down his back to his waist. He is wearing a short kilt and probably a shirt which leaves his arms bare. On his head he wears a tiara with horns, and a curved sword hangs from his waist, with the tip pointing downward and with the usual half-moon pommel. In his right hand, raised behind his head, he brandishes an axe. Behind his back, beneath the pigtail, is a filling motif (cf. SBo II no. 229). His raised left arm reaches out in front, and on the fist rests the god's symbol: TONITRUS, L 199, to the right of which is a star.

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LYNCH, KATHRYN L. "‘WHAT HANDS ARE HERE?’ THE HAND AS GENERATIVE SYMBOL IN MACBETH." Review of English Studies XXXIX, no. 153 (1988): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/xxxix.153.29.

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Hunt, Chris O., and Zuzanna Morawska. "Are your hands clean? Pollen retention on the human hand after washing." Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 280 (September 2020): 104278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2020.104278.

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Nørgaard, Heide W., Ernst Pernicka, and Helle Vandkilde. "1600 BC: Fårdrup and Valsømagle-Type Axes and the First Evidence of Southern Alpine Metal." Acta Archaeologica 92, no. 2 (April 14, 2023): 121–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/16000390-20210036.

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Abstract This article presents the results of a comprehensive investigation of Fårdrup and Valsømagle-type shafthole axes from Denmark and southern Sweden. The combination of artefact style and typology with trace element and lead isotope data in the analysis has provided new insights into the chronological relationship between these two axe types. This way, we open a new window to long-standing debates surrounding these artefact types. Did Fårdrup and Valsømagle type axes evolve parallel, or did they replace each other chronologically in evolutionary progression? The archaeometallurgical dataset presented in this article includes more than 70 axes. Four axes have been analysed for this article. This large set of data is then assessed against a background of metal analyses which trace the long and winding evolution of the use of bronze in Scandinavia c.2300–1400 BC. Combining these two datasets shows the provenance of the metals and, thus, provides insights into metallurgical developments at the onset of the Nordic Bronze Age (NBA, c.1600 BC). In particular, the shafthole axes offer new evidence of the use of a novel type of copper from the East Alpine region based on chalcopyrite ores. The first occurrences of this low-impurity copper in southern Scandinavia appeared around 1700 BC. However, it would eventually become dominant in c.1600 BC, when the local production of shafthole axes began. Significantly, a fraction of the shafthole axes – Fårdrup and Valsømagle-types alike – consist of low impurity copper most likely derived from the Italian Alps (Trentino), which was absent in earlier periods. By NBA II 1500–1300 BC, most metal objects can be related to this northern Italian copper. We interpret this in terms of chronology: Fårdrup (⁓Koszider) and Valsømagle (⁓Tumulus B1) consisted of similar types of copper, which had declined by the onset of NBA II, all indicating that Fårdrup and Valsømagle style objects flourished before the beginning of NBA II (c.1500 BC). The small influx of north Italian copper in the axes indicates that its arrival began before the breakthrough of NBA II. Therefore, while the results of the metal analyses cannot exclude chronological differences between the two shafthole axe types over the 16th century BC, it is probable that their timelines coincided. In summary, our results display correlations between societal developments and thresholds on the one hand and metal provenances and trade routes on the other.

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Kang, Nari. "A formation of xingnu iron bits and its surroundings areas." Pusan Archaeological Society 31 (December 31, 2022): 109–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47735/odia.2022.31.109.

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There are two similarities in the iron bits before Xiongnu Period, as known as Schyto-Siberian Culture period, which was existed around the eastern Eurasian steppe area in terms of using two pieces of iron rods made of bronze and having two holes on the bit to connect to the horse straps. During Xiongnu Period, people accepted the previous traditions which are having the two holes on a bit and making the two edges of a bit symmetrically. They began in earnest to use iron to make the iron bits to make their own shape of bits. The characteristic of Xiongnu iron bits can be seen in the iron bits of Han Dynasty which was existed at the same time with Xiongnu in the structure and shape including having the two holes on the bit to connect to the horse straps and making the two edges symmetrically. On the other hand, Han iron bits have their own characteristics such as using three pieces of iron rods and decoration on the two edges of the bit. The iron bits in Korean Peninsula can be divided into two regional bases, the western North Korea and Yeongnam areas. Among the iron bits from the western North Korea, there are S-shape bits that look similar to one in Xiongnu bits. There are gaps of time and distance in the iron bits from the western North Korea and Xiongnu so that it is hard to assumed that the S-shaped iron bits of the both regions are directly related. But it is reliable that there is technological connection between the two regions in terms of having the two holes on the bit. In Yeongnam area, S-shaped and I-shaped iron bits are found. It is assumed that the S-shaped bits were came to the area through the relationship with the western North Korea. On the other hand, I-shaped iron bits are only found in this area. The I-shaped iron bits look the same with Xiongnu iron bits (e.g. axe blade-shaped bits) so that it could be thought of Xiongnu's impact on Yeongnam except for and manufacturing technique of rods. In this study, I could examine the formation of Xiongnu iron bits and the relationship with the surrounding areas including Han dynasty and Korean Peninsula. Base on the Xiongnu iron bits, I wanted to scrutinize overall aspect of the eastern Eurasian iron bits.

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Freshwater, M. Felix. "Are We Hand Doctors or Hand Surgeons?" Journal of Hand Surgery 36, no. 5 (May 2011): 945–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2011.01.044.

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Lin, Li-Ren, and Han-Pang Huang. "NTU Hand: A New Design of Dexterous Hands." Journal of Mechanical Design 120, no. 2 (June 1, 1998): 282–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826970.

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A new five-finger robot hand (NTU hand) with seventeen degrees of freedom (DOF) is developed in this paper. In contrast to traditional tendon-driven robots, the NTU hand has an uncoupled configuration that each finger and joint are all individually driven. Since all actuators, mechanical parts and sensors are packed on the hand, the size of NTU hand is almost the same as a human hand. Such compact design makes the hand easily adapt to the industrial robot arm and the prosthetic applications. Based on the mechanical structure of the NTU hand, the direct and inverse kinematics are developed. In addition, computer simulation with three-dimension graphics is built to evaluate the manipulable range of the NTU hand. From the simulation, the relationship between the hand and the grasped object in a specific point of view can be obtained.

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Putnikovic, Biljana, Ivan Stankovic, Predrag Milicevic, Miloje Marjanovic, and Aleksandar Neskovic. "Hand-held echo is not so handy in everyone’s hands: Misdiagnosing congenital septal defects in patients with heart murmurs." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 143, no. 5-6 (2015): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1506322p.

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Introduction. Echocardiography is a highly operator-dependant technique which requires adequate training and skills that are frequently not present, considering the widespread use of cardiovascular ultrasound. This could particularly be true for hand-held echo devices which made echocardiography more accessible but are frequently used by non-cardiologists and non-experts. Outline of Cases. We present a 45-year-old female and a 37-year-old male with heart murmurs due to atrial and ventricular septal defect, respectively. Congenital septal defects were undiagnosed in both patients during several outpatient examinations due to challenging image acquisition. Careful re-evaluation revealed that, depending on the scanning technique, it was possible to detect or overlook the real cause of the murmur using either hand-held or high-end echo device. Conclusion. Our report underlines the need of adequate knowledge and training of medical professionals performing pocket-size hand-held echocardiography, since potential misdiagnoses may not be related to limited imaging capabilities of pocket-sized echo devices only, but also to inability of insufficiently trained users to obtain good quality images and interpret them adequately.

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Ng, Ka Ho, Vaheh Nazari, and Monzurul Alam. "Can Prosthetic Hands Mimic a Healthy Human Hand?" Prosthesis 3, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis3010003.

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Historical evidence suggests that prostheses have been used since ancient Egyptian times. Prostheses were usually utilized for function and cosmetic appearances. Nowadays, with the advancement of technology, prostheses such as artificial hands can not only improve functional, but have psychological advantages as well and, therefore, can significantly enhance an individual’s standard of living. Combined with advanced science, a prosthesis is not only a simple mechanical device, but also an aesthetic, engineering and medical marvel. Prosthetic limbs are the best tools to help amputees reintegrate into society. In this article, we discuss the background and advancement of prosthetic hands with their working principles and possible future implications. We also leave with an open question to the readers whether prosthetic hands could ever mimic and replace our biological hands.

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Silaiev, Oleksandr, Zoya Ilchyshyn, and Sergiy Telizhenko. "Preventive archaeological studies of Neolithic settlement Modrychi 1." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 25 (December 28, 2021): 188–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2021-25-188-217.

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The article presents the results of protective excavations and surveillance on the Modrychi 1 archaeological site, located near the south-eastern outskirts of Modrychi village, Drohobych district, Lviv region. During the construction of a new highway bypassing the town of Truskavets, three excavation trenches were placed on a total area of 1,745.5 m2 on the section passing through the western edge of the monument. During the excavations, 137 archaeological objects were discovered, including 3 large amorphous household pits, 4 structures in the form of narrow ditches, and 130 pillar pits. Most objects are grouped and composed of two large overground buildings, once erected on the pillar supports. Considering the likeness with similar structures, which were discovered in the settlements of the Linear Pottery culture all over Europe, these objects are defined as the remains of residential buildings – the so-called «longhouses». The collection of archaeological finds was gathered in the cultural layer, in the perimeter of residential buildings, and in the fillings of objects, which consists of hand-made pottery, flint, obsidian and stonewares. Pottery is predominantly represented by kitchen utensils and there are only a few examples of tableware ceramics. Collapsed vessels and separated fragments were found in very poor condition, which may be due to the alkalinity of the soil at the excavation site. An abundant collection of flint and obsidian artifacts has been collected as well, including nuclei, retouched plates, and flakes. A stone tool (axe or adz) in the shape of a «shoe pad» was also found in the settlement. All these items clearly allowed dating the prevailing cultural layer of the excavated site Modrychi-1 to the Neolithic era. Key words: settlement, Neolithic, Linear Pottery Culture (Linearbandkeramik, LBK), longhouse, flint artifacts, obsidian artifacts.

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Wheatman, Martin. "A Semiotic Analysis of If we are holding hands, whose hand am I holding?" Journal of Computing and Information Technology 22, LISS 2013 (2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2498/cit.1002278.

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Young, Britt H. "The Bionic-Hand Arms Race: High-Tech Hands are Complicated, Costly, and Often Impractical." IEEE Spectrum 59, no. 10 (October 2022): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2022.9915629.

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Weijmans, Anne-Marie. "Galactic shape and age go hand in hand." Nature Astronomy 2, no. 6 (April 23, 2018): 445–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0454-8.

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Holmes, Nicholas P., Tamar R. Makin, Michelle Cadieux, Claire Williams, Katherine R. Naish, Charles Spence, and David I. Shore. "Hand ownership and hand position in the rubber hand illusion are uncorrelated." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x646730.

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The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a multisensory (visual, tactile, proprioceptive) illusion in which participants report body ownership over, mislocalize actual hand position to, and feel touches applied to, the rubber hand. For many years, researchers have used changes in perceived hand position, measured by inter-manual pointing, as a more objective measure of the illusion than verbal reports alone. Despite this reliance, there is little evidence to show that the illusion of hand ownership is directly related to perceived hand position. We developed an adaptive staircase procedure to measure perceived hand position, and tested whether the RHI affected perceived hand position. In two experiments we found a significant illusion of ownership, as well as significant changes in perceived hand position, but these two measures were uncorrelated. In a third experiment using more typical RHI procedures, we again replicated significant illusions of ownership and changes in hand position, but again the measures were uncorrelated. We conclude that viewing and feeling touches applied to a dummy hand results in clear illusions of ownership and changes in hand position, but via independent mechanisms.

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Amelot, Aymeric, François Lechanoine, Patrick François, and Louis-Marie Terrier. "Bilateral ape hand deformity." Neurology 89, no. 6 (August 7, 2017): 638–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004219.

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Chowdhury, Biplob. "Effects of Age on Hand Grip Strength and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women." Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, no. 3 (June 15, 2012): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/mar2014/42.

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HONDA, Fukuyo. "2C2-1 A study on operating characteristics of dominant/ non-dominant hands when work activities that are originally both hand movements are performed with one hand." Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 54, Supplement (June 2, 2018): 2C2–1–2C2–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.54.2c2-1.

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Chapell, Mark, Ellen Basso, Antoinette Decola, Jamie Hossack, John Keebler, Justin Marm, Brian Reed, Elisabeth Webster, and Dana Yoggev. "Men and Women Holding Hands: Whose Hand is Uppermost?" Perceptual and Motor Skills 87, no. 1 (August 1998): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.87.1.127.

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This study explored the issue of whether status and power differences are expressed in the way men and women hold hands. It was hypothesized that men's hands would be upper in heterosexual handholding couples significantly more often than women's Also, to explore the possibility that height differences of handholding partners might affect handholding position, all handholding couples observed in this study were classified as couples with men and women of equal height or couples where either the men or women were taller. A total of 1,006 handholding couples were observed, and men's hands were significantly more likely to be the upper one in couples when men were taller than women and in couples where men and women were of equal height, suggesting that, while height does matter, it is less important for this handholding pattern than sex differences.

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Lang, Gregory A. "High efficiency sweet cherry orchard systems research." Italus Hortus 26 (2019): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2019.1.2534.

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The large tree size, and delicate nature and small size of the fruit, makes production of sweet cherries Fig. 6 - Planar UFO sweet cherry canopy architectural orchard designs: A) vertical-trellis UFO with 18,725 upright leaders per ha or B) Vtrellis UFO with 24,996 inclined leaders per ha, in theory with 33% higher yield potential, but slightly less training, harvest and pruning efficiency. Fig. 6 - Progettazione dell’architettura della chioma in piano “UFO” su ciliegio dolce: A) sostegni verticali per UFO con 18725 fusti verticali per ha o B) sostegno a V per UFO con 24996 fusti inclinati per ha, in teoria con il 33% in più di potenziale produttivo, ma leggermente meno per quanto riguarda efficienza di allevamento, raccolta e potatura. A B Lang 34 among the most traditionally labor-intensive tree fruits. Great improvements in orchard efficiencies have been achieved over the past two decades, prompted by the development of precocious, vigorcontrolling rootstocks such as the Gisela (Gi) series. Recent training systems research has focused on canopy architectural designs that improve various orchard efficiencies, including: 1) light interception and distribution whit minimization of shade; 2) bloom, fruit development and ripening for more uniform fruit harvest; 3) balanced, quantifiable crop load management for achieving high fruit quality; 4) simplified strategies for fruitwood development and maintenance to reduce hand-pruning labor; 5) partial mechanization to reduce pruning and harvest labor; 6) utilization of protective orchard covers to mitigate the risk of crop damage from rain, hail, frost, and wind; and 7) better spray coverage for protection from insect pests and diseases. Across several sites in North America, the NC140 regional research project has evaluated the performance of three sweet cherry cultivars on dwarfing (Gi3), semi-dwarfing (Gi5), and semi-vigorous (Gi6) rootstocks trained to “threedimensional” and “two-dimensional” (planar) canopy architectures over nine years to date. The planar Super Slender Axe (SSA) training system had the highest early yields on a per tree and per orchard basis, but the planar Upright Fruiting Offshoots (UFO) training system sustained higher cumulative yields upon reaching maturity. The three-dimensional Tall Spindle Axe (TSA) trees had higher early yields than those trained to the three-dimensional Kym Green Bush (KGB) canopy architecture, but the KGB trees achieved nearly comparable cumulative yields. Fruitwood renewal strategies are critical for maintenance of yields and fruit quality. Profitable yields of high quality fruit are achievable for each of the canopy architectures, but each also has specific advantages and challenges, including suitability for specific rootstocks and cultivars. These are discussed, including comparisons of the two- vs. three-dimensional canopy architectures developed as single leader (SSA vs. TSA) and multiple leader (UFO vs. KGB) training systems. The advantages of utilizing the natural light interception efficiencies and growth habit of sweet cherry in the simplified structure of UFO-style planar canopy architectures is expanding beyond sweet cherries to many other major trees fruits around the world as well.

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Kampf, Günter. "How effective are hand antiseptics for the postcontamination treatment of hands when used as recommended?" American Journal of Infection Control 36, no. 5 (June 2008): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07.017.

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Bouchard, Jean-Michel, and Erin K. Cressman. "Intermanual transfer and retention of visuomotor adaptation to a large visuomotor distortion are driven by explicit processes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): e0245184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245184.

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Reaching with a visuomotor distortion in a virtual environment leads to reach adaptation in the trained hand, and in the untrained hand. In the current study we asked if reach adaptation in the untrained (right) hand is due to transfer of explicit adaptation (EA; strategic changes in reaches) and/or implicit adaptation (IA; unconscious changes in reaches) from the trained (left) hand, and if this transfer changes depending on instructions provided. We further asked if EA and IA are retained in both the trained and untrained hands. Participants (n = 60) were divided into 3 groups (Instructed (provided with instructions on how to counteract the visuomotor distortion), Non-Instructed (no instructions provided), and Control (EA not assessed)). EA and IA were assessed in both the trained and untrained hands immediately following rotated reach training with a 40° visuomotor distortion, and again 24 hours later by having participants reach in the absence of cursor feedback. Participants were to reach (1) so that the cursor landed on the target (EA + IA), and (2) so that their hand landed on the target (IA). Results revealed that, while initial EA observed in the trained hand was greater for the Instructed versus Non-Instructed group, the full extent of EA transferred between hands for both groups and was retained across days. IA observed in the trained hand was greatest in the Non-Instructed group. However, IA did not significantly transfer between hands for any of the three groups. Limited retention of IA was observed in the trained hand. Together, these results suggest that while initial EA and IA in the trained hand are dependent on instructions provided, transfer and retention of visuomotor adaptation to a large visuomotor distortion are driven almost exclusively by EA.

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Love, Nick. "Remembering the Brachial Plexus: A Hand Mnemonic, Illustrated." Anesthesia & Analgesia 133, no. 2 (July 14, 2021): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000005618.

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Riutort, Kevin T., Sorin J. Brull, and Richard C. Prielipp. "Hand Hygiene and Relearning Lessons From the Past." Anesthesia & Analgesia 129, no. 6 (December 2019): 1446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000004303.

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Fernandez, Patrick G., Randy W. Loftus, Thomas M. Dodds, Matthew D. Koff, Sundara Reddy, Stephen O. Heard, Michael L. Beach, Mark P. Yeager, and Jeremiah R. Brown. "Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Perceptions Among Anesthesia Providers." Anesthesia & Analgesia 120, no. 4 (April 2015): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000000408.

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Indira, Eruva, and Rajeswari M. "CORRELATION OF HAND GRIP STRENGTH WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES AND QUANTIFYING HAND GRIP STRENGTH IN CHILDREN OF AGE 3 - 5.5 YEARS WITH MARTIN VIGORIMETER IN INDIAN POPULATION." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 3, no. 2 (April 11, 2015): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2015.124.

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Lee, Jinsoo. "The Application of TW3 method for Prediction about Bone Age in Hand AP Image of Children." Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology 9, no. 6 (October 30, 2015): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2015.9.6.349.

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Zahor, Swafaa. "Hand Anthropometry; Sex Determination from Hand Dimensions in Adult Tanzanians." International Journal of Forensic Sciences 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000288.

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Background: Personal identification through sex determination is an essential element of medico-legal examinations done by forensic scientists, clinical anatomists, clinical radiologists, anthropologists and orthopedic surgeons. The hand dimensions are sexually dimorphic and exhibit potential for sex discrimination. Aim: To determine the cut-off values of hand dimensions that could discriminate between sexes in Adult Tanzanians. Materials and Method: 384 students (192 males and 192 females) aged 18-59 years were studied. Hand length and breadth measurements were taken to estimate Hand Index, then statistically analyzed by the use of SPSS version 24 and Microsoft Excel. Results: The average hand length and breadth were found to be about 1.6 cm and 0.7 cm greater in males than in females respectively. Cut off points to differentiate between male and female for hand length, breadth and index were 18.92 cm, 9.21 cm and 48.86 respectively. Conclusion: Hand length showed the highest accuracy in the determination of sex followed by hand breadth and lastly hand index. The study clearly demonstrates that the predictive accuracy of sex estimation varies within each population, hence emphasizes the significance of generating population-specific standards to accurately estimate sex.

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Aminah, Shobichatul, Ratna Juwita, and Gratia Herdina Kumasek. "Hybridity and Ambivalence in Abe Tomoji’s Shi no Hana." IZUMI 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/izumi.9.2.176-185.

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This study aims to describe the hybridity and ambivalence in Abe Tomoji's novel, Shi no Hana, using postcolonial perspective. Shi no Hana describes the author's experience when he was a member of the Propaganda Troop on Java Island with a spatial setting in Batavia and Selekta (Malang). The time setting in this novel is during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia. This study examined the interaction between colonizers and colonized in the framework of Homi K. Bhabha's postcolonialism, which results in hybridity and ambivalence in the characters. In this study, the characters are identified and categorized based on their position as colonizer or colonized. In many kinds of research on postcolonial literary, the relationship between East and West, or between colonizer and colonized is seen as a hierarchical relationship where one party oppresses the other. However, this research does not merely look at the colonizer and colonized as a hierarchical relationship. This study found that hybridity and ambivalence can be seen through the depiction of characters who occupy the position of the colonizer and colonized at the same time.

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Karasik, David, Oleg Pavlovsky, Valery Batsevich, Gregory Livshits, and Eugene Kobyliansky. "Use of the Hand Bones Roentgenographs in the Prediction of Age in Nine Human Populations." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 58, no. 2 (July 14, 2000): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/58/2000/199.

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George, Rajani M., Shuai Guo, Beth A. Firulli, Michael Rubart, and Anthony B. Firulli. "Neonatal Deletion of Hand1 and Hand2 within Murine Cardiac Conduction System Reveals a Novel Role for HAND2 in Rhythm Homeostasis." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 9, no. 7 (July 4, 2022): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9070214.

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The cardiac conduction system, a network of specialized cells, is required for the functioning of the heart. The basic helix loop helix factors Hand1 and Hand2 are required for cardiac morphogenesis and have been implicated in cardiac conduction system development and maintenance. Here we use embryonic and post-natal specific Cre lines to interrogate the role of Hand1 and Hand2 in the function of the murine cardiac conduction system. Results demonstrate that loss of HAND1 in the post-natal conduction system does not result in any change in electrocardiogram parameters or within the ventricular conduction system as determined by optical voltage mapping. Deletion of Hand2 within the post-natal conduction system results in sex-dependent reduction in PR interval duration in these mice, suggesting a novel role for HAND2 in regulating the atrioventricular conduction. Surprisingly, results show that loss of both HAND factors within the post-natal conduction system does not cause any consistent changes in cardiac conduction system function. Deletion of Hand2 in the embryonic left ventricle results in inconsistent prolongation of PR interval and susceptibility to atrial arrhythmias. Thus, these results suggest a novel role for HAND2 in homeostasis of the murine cardiac conduction system and that HAND1 loss potentially rescues the shortened HAND2 PR phenotype.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hand axe'

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