Academic literature on the topic 'Halodule uninervis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Halodule uninervis"
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Wagey, Billy Theodorus. "COMMON GARDEN OF SEAGRASSES Halodule uninervis (Forsskål) Aschershon AND Halodule pinifolia (Miki) den Hartog." JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS 8, no. 2 (August 1, 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.8.2.2012.368.
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A simple culture system ‘common garden’ has been set up in Institute of Environmental and Marine Science (IEMS) Dumaguete City Philippines (N 09° 19' 52.8" and E 123° 18' 34.1") at the running seawater outdoor experiment tank aimed to monitor the variation of shoot density, leaf morphology and growth rates of marine plant genus Halodule. The mean shoot densities of Halodule pinifolia were varied and tend to decrease after the three month period of common garden. Using one-way ANOVA tests, significant differences were detected on the comparison among the months of common garden (F=6.400; p=0.005), mean leaf growth rate (mm/day) of H. pinifolia (F=13.510; p=0.000), and the mean leaf widths from Siquijor (F=9.274; p=0.001) among the three month period of common garden. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences detected on leaf width (mm) of H. pinifolia origin from Bantayan site, on mean leaf widths of H. uninervis from Bantayan, on mean leaf widths of H. uninervis from Banilad, and on mean leaf growth rate (mm) of H. uninervis among the three month period of common garden. The result suggests that the ‘common garden’ procedure could have possibly given a clearer pattern of genus Halodule leaf width, shoot density, and growth rate if the could be prolonged. It could also be suggested that an adequate number of shoot density on the initial procedure for ‘common garden’ should be properly determined. This is to avoid overcrowding of the samples later, when growth rate will tend to increase without compromising the leaf width and shoot density measurements. Keywords: common garden, seagrasses, shoot density, leaf width, growth rate, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis. Sistem kultur Common Garden sederhana telah dibangun di Institute of Environmental and Marine Science (IEMS) Dumaguete City Philippines (09° 19' 52,8" LU dan 123° 18' 34,1" BT) dalam tangki penelitian di luar ruangan untuk memantau variasi kepadatan tunas, morfologi daun dan laju pertumbuhan rumput laut genus Halodule. Kepadatan tunas rata-rata Halodule pinifolia bervariasi dan cenderung menurun setelah periode tiga bulan. Menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah, perbedaan nyata terdeteksi pada pembandingan bulan (F = 6.400, p = 0,005), rata-rata laju pertumbuhan daun (mm/hari) H. pinifolia (F = 13,510, p = 0,000), dan rata-rata lebar daun dari Siquijor (F = 9,274, p = 0,001) antara ketiga bulan common garden. Sementara itu, tidak ada perbedaan nyata yang terdeteksi pada lebar daun (mm) H. pinifolia asal Bantayan, pada lebar daun rata-rata H. uninervis dari Bantayan, pada lebar daun rata-rata H. uninervis dari Banilad, dan laju pertumbuhan daun rata-rata (mm) dari H. uninervis dalam periode tiga bulan dari common garden. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur 'common garden' mungkin bisa memberikan pola yang lebih jelas tentang lebar daun, kepadatan tunas, dan laju pertumbuhan genus Halodule jika waktu bisa diperlama. Juga dapat disarankan bahwa kepadatan tunas pada prosedur awal common garden harus ditentukan dengan baik untuk menghindari kesesakan sampel di kemudian hari, karena laju pertumbuhan cenderung meningkat sehingga ukuran lebar daun dan kepadatan tunas tidak terpengaruhi. Kata kunci: common garden, lamun, kepadatan tunas, lebar daun, laju pertumbuhan, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis.
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Swain, P. "Two interesting seagrasses of Cymodoceaceae from Chilika Lagoon – Additions to the flora of Orissa, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2007-89hvc4.
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Survey of Seagrasses of Chilika Lagoon revealed two interesting angiosperms, Halodule pinifolia (Miki) Hartog and Halodule uninervis (Forsk.) Asch. of the family Cymodoceaceae and are reported for the first time from Orissa State.
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Ningrum, Kiki Pebli, Hadi Endrawati, and Ita Riniatsih. "Simpanan Karbon pada Ekosistem Lamun di Perairan Alang – Alang dan Perairan Pancuran Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah." Journal of Marine Research 9, no. 3 (July 16, 2020): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v9i3.27558.
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ABSTRAK : Emisi gas CO2 berkontribusi tinggi terhadap pemanasan global. Karbon merupakan unsur yang berasal dari pengikatan CO2 oleh tumbuhan melalui fotosintesis. Hutan mengalami penurunan sehingga sektor laut perlu di berdayakan. Kemampuan lamun mengikat karbon dikenal sebagai blue carbon. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui estimasi karbon ekosistem lamun di Perairan Alang – Alang dan Perairan Pancuran Pulau Karimunjawa, sehingga dapat mengurangi pemanasan global. Metode penelitian di lapangan yaitu metode SeagrassWatch dan di laboratorium yaitu Metode Loss of Ignition (LOI). Hasil spesies lamun di lokasi penelitian yaitu Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule ovalis, dan Halodule uninervis. Kerapatan lamun pada Lokasi 1 berkisar 84,00 tgk/m2 – 202,91 tgk/m2 dan pada Lokasi 2 berkisar 105,09 tgk/m2 – 285,09 tgk/m2. Biomassa lamun terbesar pada Lokasi 1 yaitu Enhalus acoroides dengan nilai 1811,38 gbk/m2 dan biomassa lamun terkecil Cymodocea rotundata dengan nilai 25,72 gbk/m2. Biomassa lamun terbesar pada Lokasi 2 yaitu Enhalus acoroides dengan nilai 733,20 gbk/m2 dan biomassa lamun terkecil Halodule uninervis dengan nilai 0,47 gbk/m2. Karbon lamun terbesar pada Lokasi 1 yaitu Enhalus acoroides dengan nilai 35.538,12 gC/m2, dan terkecil Cymodocea rotundata dengan nilai 473,24 gC/m2. Karbon lamun terbesar pada Lokasi 2 yaitu Thalassia hemprichii dengan nilai 14.309,39 gC/m2 dan terkecil Halodule uninervis dengan nilai 5,80 gC/m2. Karbon sedimen pada Lokasi 1 berkisar 1,581 gC/m2 – 1,871 gC/m2 dan Lokasi 2 berkisar 0,841 gC/m2– 1,45 gC/m2. Kandungan terbesar karbon terdapat pada bagian bawah substrat, karena bagian atas substrat karbon mudah hilang oleh faktor lingkungan (gelombang, arus, dan ulah manusia), sedangkan pada bawah substrat karbon terakumulasi baik. ABSTRACT: CO2 contribute high to global warming. Carbon is an element derived from binding of CO2 by plants through photosynthesis. Forests have declined so the marine sector (blue carbon) needs to be priority. The purpose this study was to determine the carbon seagrass ecosystem estimation in Alang - Alang and Pancuran Waters Karimunjawa Island, so can to reduce global warming. The research method in the field is SeagrassWatch method and in the laboratory is Loss of Ignition Method. The results species at location were Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule ovalis, and Halodule uninervis. The density seagrass Location 1 is 84.00-202.91 tgk/m2 and Location 2 is 105.09-285.09 tgk/m2. The largest seagrass biomass at Location 1 is Enhalus acoroides with a value 1811.38 gbk/m2 and the smallest seagrass biomass Cymodocea rotundata with a value 25.72 gbk/m2. The largest seagrass biomass at Location 2 is Enhalus acoroides with a value 733.20 gbk/m2 and the smallest seagrass biomass Halodule uninervis with a value 0.47 gbk/m2. The biggest seagrass carbon at Location 1 is Enhalus acoroides with a value 35,538.12 gC/m2, and the smallest Cymodocea rotundata with a value 473.24 gC/m2. The biggest seagrass carbon at Location 2 is Thalassia hemprichii with a value 14,309.39 gC/m2 and the smallest Halodule uninervis with a value 5.80 gC/m2. Sediment carbon at Location 1 1.581-1.871 gC/m2 and Location 2 0.841-1.45 gC/m2. The largest carbon content in bellow substrate, because on above substrate easily lost by environmental factors, while in the bellow substrate carbon accumulates well.
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Hesty Rombe, Katarina, Dwi Rosalina, Khairul Jamil, Agus Surachmat, and Ali Imran. "Pola Sebaran dan Keanekaragaman Jenis Lamun di Perairan Tanjung Pallette dan Tangkulara, Kabupaten Bone, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan." Jurnal Airaha 9, no. 02 (December 15, 2020): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ja.v9i02.172.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sebaran dan keanekaragaman lamun di perairan Pallette dan Tangkulara. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama dua bulan, mulai Agustus hingga September 2019. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di dua titik dengan masing-masing tiga ulangan. Pengambilan data lamun menggunakan metode transek garis dan kuadran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 jenis lamun yang ditemukan di perairan Pallette dan Tangkulara, yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Halophila sp. Keanekaragaman jenis lamun di perairan Pallette dan Tangkulara masuk dalam kategori rendah. Pola sebaran jenis lamun Thalassia hemprichii, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Halophila sp. memiliki nilai pola distribusi yang mengelompok sedangkan untuk Enhalus acoroides pola distribusinya yang seragam.
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Runturambi, Melinda, Febry S. I. Menajang, Khristin I. F. Kondoy, Unstain N. W. J. Rembet, Fransine B. Manginsela, and Alex D. Kambey. "Seagrass Community in the Coastal Waters of Sapa Village, Tenga District, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province." Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 11, no. 2 (November 10, 2023): 657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.v11i2.48258.
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Sapa Village, Tenga District, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province has a seagrass meadow ecosystem, but there is still a lack of information about the seagrass community in the waters of Sapa Village, which is the reason for researching the presence of seagrass in these waters. With the aim of knowing the types of seagrass, environmental conditions, species density, relative density, domination index, and species diversity index. Based on the results of observations at the location, it showed a temperature of 30OC, salinity of 30‰, pH 8, and sandy substrate and coral rubble. The results of the identification there are 4 types of seagrass namely Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halodule uninervis. The type with the highest number of individuals vizThalassia hemprichii with a total of 694 individuals, Halodule uninervis 557 individuals, Cymodocea rotundata358 individuals andSyringodium isoetifolium 324 individuals. Density index type (10,80 – 23,13 individuals/m2), relative density (16.76 - 35.90%) dominance index D = 0.32, and diversity H = 1.33. Keywords: seagrass, sapa village, community structure Abstrak Desa Sapa Kecamatan Tenga Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara memiliki ekosistem padang lamun namun masih kurangnya informasi mengenai komunitas lamun di perairan Desa Sapa ini menjadi alasan untuk meneliti tentang keberadaan lamun di perairan tersebut. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis lamun, kondisi lingkungan, Kepadatan spesies, Kepadatan Relatif, Indeks Dominasi, dan Indeks Keanekaragaman Spesies. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di lokasi menunjukan suhu 30oC, salinitas 30‰, pH 8 dan substrat berpasir serta pecahan karang. Hasil identifikasi terdapat 4 jenis lamun yaitu Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Halodule uninervis. Jenis dengan jumlah individu terbanyak yaitu Thalassia hemprichii dengan jumlah 694 individu, Halodule uninervis 557 individu, Cymodocea rotundata 358 individu dan Syringodium isoetifolium 324 individu. Indeks kepadatan jenis (10,80 – 23,13 individu/m2), kepadatan relatif (16,76 - 35,90%) indeks dominasi D=0,32 dan keanekaragaman H= 1,33. Kata kunci: lamun, desa sapa, struktur komunitas
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Tohari, Hafid, Dafiuddin Salim, and Nursalam Nursalam. "DISTRIBUSI DAN KERAPATAN LAMUN BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK PERAIRAN DESA SUNGAI DUA LAUT KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN." Marine Coastal and Small Islands Journal - Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan 3, no. 2 (January 28, 2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/m.v3i2.11771.
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Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei – November 2020 di Perairan Desa Sungai Dua Laut Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi, kerapatan, dan tutupan lamun, serta menganalisis hubungan parameter lingkungan perairan Desa Sungai Dua Laut dengan kerapatan lamun. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan menggunakan transek kuadran 1x1 m yang dibentangkan menggunakan line transek sepanjang 50 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola sebaran lamun di wilayah perairan Desa Sungai Dua Laut pada Stasiun 1, 2, dan Stasiun 3 Mengelompok (Cluster). Kerapatan tertinggi ditemukan pada jenis lamun Halodule uninervis dengan jumlah individu 124 individu/m2, dan kerapatan terendah terdapat pada jenis lamun Halodule pinifolia dengan jumlah rata-rata individu 54 individu/m2. Tutupan jenis tertinggi ditemukan pada Stasiun 2 dengan persentase 65% terdapat pada jenis Halodule uninervis sedangkan tutupan terendah terdapat pada jenis lamun Halodule pinifolia dengan persentase tutupan 34,04%. Parameter lingkungan yang mempengaruhi tingkat kerapatan menunjukan nilai yang tidak jauh berbeda dan masih dalam kondisi optimum untuk pertumbuhan lamun. Namun tingginya kandungan nitrat fosfat perairan yang melebihi batas baku mutu air laut mengindikasikan perairan mengalami pencemaran, sehingga memberikan dampak bagi perbedaan kerapatan maupun kelimpahan ekosistem lamun.
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Surabi, Astevi, Khristin I. F. Kondoy, and Gaspar D. Manu. "Seagrass Community At Kampung Ambong’s Water East Likupang Subdistrict, North Minahasa Regency." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 6, no. 1 (November 1, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.6.1.2018.17861.
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This Research is done at Kampung Ambong’s Water East Likupang Subdistrict, North Minahasa Regency. The aim of this research is to know the type composition of seagrass and to analyzed soliding, dominatting index, various index, index of spreadness. The data taken with the line transect method. The transect placement divided become 3 transect line that located it uphold straight of beach line each of them 95 meter long. Meanwhile the space between one transect to another (second and third) each 100 m.Meanwhile the space between one transect to another (second and third) each 100 m. All of them identified as : Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila decipiens, Halodule pinifolia, Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Halphila minor, Thalassia hempricii, Halodule uninervis, Halophila spinulosa. From the soliding each species show the highest score which is Cymodocea rotundata 2608 individu/m2, Syringodium isoetifolium 816 individu/m2, Halophila decipiens 420 individu/m2, Halodule pinifolia 292 individu/m2, Cymodocea serrulata 268 individu/m2, Enhalus acoroides 260 individu/m2, Halophila minor 224 individu/m2, Thalassia hempricii 160 individu/m2, Halodule uninervis 124 individu/m2, Halophila spinulosa 20 individu/m2.Whereas dominatting index be obtained 0.3 be in low category. its mean there is no species that to dominate in that water. Various index be obtained 1.65 be in mid category. it show that species community almost in spread condition, because it has the same opportunity.Index of spreadness be obtained 0.72 be in high category, because it has a mixing seagrass field.Keywords: community, composition, seagrass soliding. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan di Perairan Kampung Ambong Kecamatan Likupang Timur Kabupaten Minahasa Utara.Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui komposisi jenis lamun dan menganalisis kepadatan, indeks dominasi, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks kemerataan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode garis transek. Penempatan transek di bagi menjadi 3 garis transek yang di letakkan tegak lurus garis pantai dengan panjang masing-masing garis transek 95 meter. Sedangkan jarak antara transek 1 dengan transek yang lain (2 dan 3) masing-masing 100 m. Dari hasil penelitian komposisi jumlah spesies lamun (seagrass) adalah 10. Kesepuluh spesies yang teridentifikasi yaitu: Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila decipiens, Halodule pinifolia, Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Halphila minor, Thalassia hempricii, Halodule uninervis, Halophila spinulosa.Kepadatan masing-masing spesies diperoleh menunjukkan nilai tertinggi yaitu Cymodocea rotundata 2608 individu/m2, Syringodium isoetifolium 816 individu/m2, Halophila decipiens 420 individu/m2, Halodule pinifolia 292 individu/m2, Cymodocea serrulata 268 individu/m2, Enhalus acoroides 260 individu/m2, Halophila minor 224 individu/m2, Thalassia hempricii 160individu/m2, Halodule uninervis 124individu/m2, Halophila spinulosa 20 individu/m2. Sedangkan indeks dominasi diperoleh 0.3 berada dalam kategori rendah, artinya tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi di perairan tersebut. Indeks keanekaragaman diperoleh 1.65 berada dalam kategori sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa komunitas spesies dalam kondisihampir merata, karena memiliki peluang yang sama. Indeks kemerataan diperoleh 0.72 berada dalam kategori tinggi, karena memiliki padang lamun campuran.Kata kunci : komunitas, komposisi, kepadatan lamun.
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K Ruksana, S. "Effectiveness of Halodule uninervis Powder Supplementation on Obese Diabetic Subjects." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 7 (July 5, 2024): 1055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24721120700.
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Aragones, Lemnuel, and Helene Marsh. "Impact of Dugong grazing and turtle cropping on tropical seagrass communities." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 4 (1999): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc000277.
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The impact of grazing by two megaherbivores, the Dugong Dugong dugon and the Green Turtle Chelonia mydas on the community structure of intertidal seagrasses was investigated experimentally over two time frames (shorterterm: 1?4 months; longer-term: 10 and 13 months), at three levels of grazing intensity (leaf cropping, light grazing, intensive grazing), at two seagrass meadows in tropical Queensland, Australia: (1) a mixed species bed of Zostera capricorni, Halophila ovalis, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata and Cymodocea serrulata, and (2) a monospecific bed of Halodule uninervis, From the perspective of the megaherbivores, grazing improved the structure and dynamics of the tropical seagrass communities by altering their biomass, volume of detritus, net aboveground biomass productivity and the species composition of the mixed-species bed, Recovery from grazing disturbance occurred after several months to a year.
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Kamal, Eni, Japar Sidik Bujang, and Muta Hara Zakaria. "New Records of Seagrass Flora in Air Bangis West Sumatera." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 13, no. 1 (November 21, 2012): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.13.1.77-81.
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Seagrasses in the Air Bangis Archipelago, west coast of Sumatra were found growing in sandy muddy substratesof the shallow coastal waters at depth of 0.3-2.5 m, dominated by degraded coral reefs around the off-shoreislands. Two species; Enhalus acoroides (L.f) Royle and Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb) Aschers were observed atPulau Unggas, Pulau Pasir Panjang and Teluk Tapang. Halodule uninervis (Forssk) Aschers was observed in twolocations; Pasir Panjang and Teluk Tapang. The occurrence of this species is unknown previously and therefore itis a new flora record for Sumatra. With this new record, Sumatra has six species of seagrasses, contributing tohalf of total number of seagrasses occurring in Indonesia. According to leaf width measurements, two morphologicalvariants (narrow and wide leaved) can be distinguished for Halodule uninervis. In addition, descriptions of thespecies and their habitat characteristic are provided.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Halodule uninervis"
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Yang, Jiing-Tai, and 楊景泰. "Denitrification in the rhizosphere of the two seagrasses thalassia hemprichii and halodule uninervis from Nanwan bay." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08427933683857483490.
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Ludvianto, Bayu. "A study on the biology of Osangularia cf. venusta (Brady): an epiphytic foraminifera on the intertidal seagrass Halodule uninervis in Shelly Bay, Townsville, North Queensland." Thesis, 1992. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/33779/1/33779-ludvianto-1992-thesis.pdf.
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A study on the biology of an epiphytic foraminifera (Osangularia cf. venusta) has been conducted in the intertidal zone at Shelly Bay near Townsville, Australia, during the period of 1988 to 1990.
The aims of the study were 1) to understand the general biology of O. cf. venusta, 2) to investigate the temporal patterns of O. cf. venusta distribution and its relationship with the substratum (seagrass blades), 3) to obtain information on the population' dynamics of O. cf. venusta including growth rate, recolonization, and migration.
Sampling was carried out during low tide (< 0.5 metres), over three different time intervals : 1) monthly, 2) fortnightly, and 3) daily. Samples were fixed by using 70% ethanol as soon as the field works were completed. O. cf. venusta specimens were collected by detaching them from the seagrass blades under a stereo microscope. Detailed observations of the specimen was made by means of a stereo microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Locomotion was observed by video recording the movements of O. cf. venusta individuals on the Halodule uninervis blades. The study shows that individuals dislodging by physical and biological forces, may influence the population dynamics of O. cf. venusta especially the "age" distribution. These factors were also suspected to affect the temporal abundance, density and the proportion of microspheric and megalospheric individuals in the population. Other factors such as the condition of the seagrass, its abundance and blade area are also strongly believed to affect the temporal abundance of O. cf. venusta. Generally, left coiled individuals dominated the population during the study period. This coiling direction preference, however, could not be correlated to the temperature variations of the surrounding environment. "Twinned" specimens were observed in the O. cf. venusta population during the study period.
The study shows that the "twinned" phenomenon in O. cf. venusta was probably initiated by the creation of a second aperture whilst the juvenile had only one chamber. The juvenile, then developed two rows of later chambers based on the two apertures. The present study also reveals that O. cf. venusta maintained its existence in the harsh intertidal environment by 1) reinforcing the test, 2) producing a large number of juveniles, 3) clinging on the blades of the intertidal seagrass Halodule uninervis, and 4) rapidly colonizing and recolonizing the "empty" seagrass blades.
Conference papers on the topic "Halodule uninervis"
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Wehbe, Nadine, Joelle Mesmar, and Elias Baydoun. "The anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities ofHalodule uninervisethanolic extract: Pharmaco-molecular mechanism of action and bioactive constituents." In ASPET 2024 Annual Meeting Abstract. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.082.934450.
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Abdelbary, Ekhlas M. M., and Aisha AlAshwal. "A comparative study of Seagrasses Species in Regional Seas and QMZ." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0039.
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Seagrasses are flowering monocot green plants that have adapted to marine life, and remain completely immersed in seawater and are primary producers of food for numerous marine animals. Seagrasses are of worldwide distribution and it was earlier estimated that there are approximately 60-72 known species of seagrasses. It is now evident that the number of seagrasses species is almost 200, comprising 25 genera and 5 families, namely Cymodoceaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae and Ruppiaceae, covering a global area of 300,000-600,000 km2. It is also estimated that they have declined in area by 29%. The Western Indo-Pacific realm encompasses 13 species in two families; the Cymodoceacae with 4 genera and the Hydrocharitaceae with 3 genera. Twelve species extend into the Red Sea, 4 occur in the Arabian/Persian Gulf and 4 in the Arabian Sea. The total area of Qatar marine zone (EEZ) is approximately 35,000km2 and three species of seagrasses are known to occur in this zone. These are Halophila stipulacea, Halophila ovalis and Halodule uninervisis, the most common one. It is established that seagrasses consolidate and stabilize bottom sediments, create and maintain good water quality (clarity), produce oxygen, provide food, nursery ground for many animals and have been proven to be very important in GHG emissions.