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Journal articles on the topic 'Half band filter'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Parameshappa, G., and D. Jayadevapp. "Efficient uniform digital filter bank with linear phase and FRM technique for hearing aids." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.9 (March 1, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.9.9738.

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This paper attempts to present an uniform digital filter bank based on linear phase FIR and IIR filters applied for Frequency Response Masking (FRM) technique in hearing aid applications.In the proposed filter bank, nine uniformly spaced sub-bands are formed with the help of half band filters and masking filters. These nine channel FIR filter bank is realized using an interpolated half band linear phase FIR filter and an appropriate number of masking FIR filters. The nine channel IIR filter bank is realized using an interpolated half band approximately linear phase IIR filter and an appropriate number of masking filters. The proposed approximately linear phase IIR half band filter bank is compared with filter bank based on linear phase FIR half band filters in terms of area, power, memory and number of gates needed for implementation. The experiment was carried on various hearing loss cases and the results obtained from these tests proves that, the proposed filter bank achieved the required matching between audiograms and magnitude response of the filter bank at very reasonable range with less computational complexity.

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2

Wu, Jun, and Chao Fan Zhang. "Half-Band Filter Design Based on MATLAB and FPGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2027–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2027.

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Half-band filter is a linear phase FIR filter, which is symmetric-even and odd .Because the coefficient of half-band filter is symmetrical and nearly half of the coefficient are zero, it make the filters reduce the number of multiplication operations by almost 3 / 4, and the number of addition operations by nearly half . The memory used to store filter coefficients are also reduced by half, so it make the implementation of efficient real-time digital signal processing more conducive. The half-band filter has many characteristics: for instance, simple structure, easy to implement and excellent performance, it is widely used in multi-rate system. This paper first describes the principle of half-band FIR filter, the character and method for implementation, then puts forward the design and simulation process which is based on MATLAB and Xilinx's half-band filter, and at last analyses the result.

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3

Edison Singh, M. "A Compact Wide Stopband Band Pass SIW Filter For K-Band Applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2236, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2236/1/012012.

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Abstract Direct coupled filters have narrow stopband due to higher order modes passband. A compact dual layer band pass filter is proposed with wide stop band. The proposed filter provides the return loss of 16.87db and insertion loss of 2.5dB at the passband frequency 20.9 GHz. The filter size is half of the conventional direct coupled filters. The stop band covers up to 40 GHz with insertion loss below 35dB. The filter has no slot which makes it immune to the EMI/EMC problems.

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4

NERURKAR, SHAILESH B., and KHALID H. ABED. "LOW POWER DIGITAL DECIMATION FILTER FOR RF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 17, no. 02 (April 2008): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126608004241.

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In this paper, we present a unique low power decimation filter architecture for RF wireless applications. To implement the low power decimation filter, we considered low power design techniques such as multi-rate, multi-stage signal processing, proper selection of decimation factor, one multiplier realization of 1/3-band filters, and poly-phase 1/2-band filters. We have designed three conventional decimation filter architectures using a single-stage FIR filter, a three-stage FIR filter, and a three-stage half-band FIR filter. Compared to the 55-tap comb-FIR filter architecture, the proposed decimation filter has only 13 taps, and requires 76% less hardware and consumes 64% less power.

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5

Radonjic, Aleksandar, and Jelena Certic. "Analysis of half-band approximately linear phase IIR filter realization structure in MATLAB." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 28, no. 4 (2015): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1504611r.

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In this paper a detailed analysis of an atypical filter structure in MATLAB Filter Design and Analysis (FDA) Tool is presented. As an example of atypical filter structure, the IIR half-band filter with approximately linear phase realized as a parallel connection of two all-pass branches was examined. We compare two types of those filters obtained by two different design algorithms. FDA tool was used for the experiment because different effects of the fixed point implementation can be simulated easily. One of the goals of this paper was to compare results obtained by two different design algorithms. In addition, different realizations of the filter structure based on the parallel connection of two all-pass branches were examined.

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6

Fliege, N. J. "Half-band bandpass filters and filter banks with almost perfect reconstruction." Signal Processing 35, no. 1 (January 1994): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1684(94)90191-0.

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7

Sharma, Priyanka. "Designing of 2-D Half Band FIR Filter." International Journal of Computer Applications 73, no. 14 (July 26, 2013): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/12813-0160.

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8

Cho, Woon, Daewon Chung, Yunsun Kim, Ingyun Kim, and Joonhyeon Jeon. "Design of FIR Half-Band Filter With Controllable Transition-Band Steepness." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 52144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3069985.

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9

Sengar, Kanchan, and Arun Kumar. "Fractional Order Capacitor in First-Order and Second-Order Filter." Micro and Nanosystems 12, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876402911666190821100400.

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Background: Fractional order Butterworth and Chebyshev (low-pass filter circuits, highpass filter circuits and band-pass filters circuits) types of first and second order filter circuits have been simulated and their transfer function are derived. The effect of change of the fractional order α on the behavior of the circuits is investigated. Objective: This paper presents the use of fractional order capacitor in active filters. The expressions for the magnitude, phase, the quality factor, the right-phase frequencies, and the half power frequencies are derived and compared with their previous counterpart. Methods: The circuits have been simulated using Orcad as well as MATLAB for the different value of α. We have developed the fractional gain and phase equations for low pass filter circuits, high pass filter circuits and band pass filter circuits in Sallen-Key topology. Results: It is observed that the bandwidth increases significantly with fractional order other than unity for the low pass as well as high pass and band pass filters. Conclusion: We have also seen that in the frequency domain, the magnitude and phase plots in the stop band change nearly linearly with the fractional order. If we compare the fractional Butterworth filters for low-pass and high-pass type with conventional filters then we find that the roll-off rate is equal to the next higher order filter.

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10

Cui, Zhichao, Haigang Hou, Shahid Hussain, Guiwu Liu, and Guanjun Qiao. "Study on Innovative Flexible Design Method for Thin Film Narrow Band-Pass Filters." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3176.

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The thin film narrow band-pass filters are widely used in precision optical systems such as gas detection, fiber optic communication and optical analysis instruments due to their unique optical characteristics. However, as the applications become more widespread, the problems of regulating the half bandwidth and cut-off bandwidth of the thin film narrow band-pass filters based on the Fabry-Perot (F-P) principle are becoming more apparent. In this work, we took the thin film narrow band-pass filter with a center wavelength of 450 nm as the design target, and comprehensively optimized the film system based on standard F-P principle to obtain the film systems with different half bandwidths and their systematic adjustment methods. The half bandwidth can be adjusted effectively by using the conventional half bandwidth control methods such as increasing the interference orders and the number of mirror layers or the cavities, but it is quite difficult to accurately obtain the filters with various half bandwidths since the adjustment range is too large. Based on the principle of equivalent refractive index, the optical thicknesses of the high and low refractive index film layers of the mirror layers were modified in an unconventional way, and thus the half bandwidth can be flexibly adjusted. Moreover, the standard F-P narrow band-pass filter film system was also modified by the principle of induced transmission film system to achieve a significant broadening of the cut-off bandwidth.

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11

Wang, Wen Bin, Dao Yuan Liu, and Yu Qin Yao. "Research and Design of Digital down Converter Based on Software Defined Radio." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 1803–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.1803.

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This paper makes a brief introduction on the current development trend of software radio and digital down converter status. The basic theoretical knowledge: Band-pass sampling theorem, digital signal orthogonal transformation theory, multi-rate signal processing theory. Based on these theories, use MATLAB complete the design and verification of mixing module, the extraction module (CIC filter, half-band filter and FIR filters), finally verify the correctness of the design, and implement DDC.

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12

Iqbal, Amjad, Jun Jiat Tiang, Ching Kwang Lee, Nazih Khaddaj Mallat, and Sai Wai Wong. "Dual-Band Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filter With Independently Tunable Bands." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 67, no. 2 (February 2020): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2019.2911014.

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13

Boubakar, H., M. Abri, and M. Benaissa. "Design of Complementary Hexagonal Metamaterial Based HMSIW Band-Pass Filter and Reconfigurable SIW Filter Using PIN Diodes." Advanced Electromagnetics 10, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v10i2.1596.

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This paper is divided into two sections, in the first section, a new SIW and a half-mode SIW band-pass filters based on complementary hexagonal metamaterial cells (C-HMCs) are proposed. Firstly, the SIW is analyzed in case of using two C-HMC cells and in the case of using four of these cells. Secondly, the HMSIW tunable BPF is studied and optimized. The size of the half mode is reduced by almost 50%. This filter design has a very high insertion loss about -0.4 dB, and significant transmission bandwidth extending from 5.9 GHz to 6.5 GHz. In the second section of this paper, an electronically reconfigurable SIW band-pass filter is proposed. By implementing two PIN diodes in the gaps of the two C-HMC, the results of turning the diodes ON or OFF individually is a switching in the frequency center, between 5.8 GHz and 6.8 GHz. Also, a dual band with two frequency centers at (5.6 GHz and 7.4 GHz) is achieved by turning both of the diodes ON. In addition, the metamaterial properties of all the proposed filters are investigated and presented in this work.

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14

Zhang, Xiaochuan, Jun Xu, Zhiyuan Yu, and YuLiang Dong. "C-band half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) filter." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 2 (February 2008): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23064.

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15

Chang, W. T., and M. S. Lin. "Half-band filter design with odd-polynomial Chebyshev approximation." IEE Proceedings G Circuits, Devices and Systems 138, no. 4 (1991): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-g-2.1991.0083.

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16

Vala, Alpesh, and Amit Patel. "Half‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide based band‐pass filter for C band application." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 61, no. 6 (March 5, 2019): 1468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.31837.

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17

Merritt, Ronald. "Normalized Error Estimates for One-Third Octave Band Filter Processing." Journal of the IEST 47, no. 1 (September 14, 2004): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.47.1.f33v521425712km6.

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This paper summarizes numerically derived theoretical estimates of normalized random and normalized bias errors for one-third octave band filters applied to autoregressive processes of order two. It demonstrates that one-third octave band estimates of such processes may have substantial bias errors depending upon (1) frequency location of a true spectra peak relative to the center frequency of the one-third octave band filter and (2) half-power bandwidth of the true spectra. One-third octave band processing error is contrasted with narrowband processing error. It concludes that one-third octave band processing should be avoided whenever external information would indicate that the underlying time history data may have a narrowband character.

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18

Ko, Wen, Man Long Her, Yu Lin Wang, and Ming Wei Hsu. "Dual-Band BPF Using Simple SIR Structure." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1614.

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This paper studies a very simple structure for dual-band bandpass filter. Filter is composed of two asymmetric coupled resonator circuit by two sets of different size stepped impedance resonator. This circuit applied microstrip line, coupling principle and impedance ratio by controlling the stepped impedance resonator to control the center frequency 2.6/5.2 GHz of the first and the second bandpass filter. The basic structure of the filter is constituted by the three sections of transmission line and two sets of SIR, that is, in two gaps of the three sections of transmission line parallel connection the equivalent inductances and capacitor of the two sets of SIR in series with the resonant circuit (LCL) to constitute bandpass filter. The low frequency 2.6 GHz is through the upper half of low impedance SIR, and the high frequency 5.2 GHz is through the lower half of high impedance SIR. This paper presents the design of asymmetric SIR-based dual-band bandpass filter, the filter structure is simple, easy to produce and can control the characteristics of the passband center frequency. By electromagnet simulation software( IE3D ) to simulate, the actual production of the circuit using a vector analyzer measurement, simulation and measurement results show good consistency.

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19

Rahulkar, Amol D., Bhushan D. Patil, and Raghunath S. Holambe. "A new approach to the design of biorthogonal triplet half-band filter banks using generalized half-band polynomials." Signal, Image and Video Processing 8, no. 8 (September 30, 2012): 1451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11760-012-0378-1.

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20

Zheng, Qiang, and Cheng Ma. "The Design of Lock-in Amplifier Based on DSP Builder." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.733.

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Lock-in amplifier is widely used to detect weak signals from significant background noise. In this paper, an FPGA-based Lock-in amplifier is implemented on the DSP Builder platform to measure impedance between biological cells and electrodes. To improve the measuring accuracy, a narrow band low pass filter with low cut off frequency was implemented. This low pass filter consists of a five-stage cascaded integrator-comb filter, two half band filters and a FIR low pass filter. Simulation shows that with a system clock of 10MHz, the cut off frequency of the low pass filter is lower than 20Hz. Experiments demonstrate that the implemented lock-in amplifier is able to detect weak signal with strong noise, making it an attractive approach to implement lock-in amplifiers which is more flexible and can meet the needs for specified measurements.

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21

Samueli, H. "A low-complexity multiplierless half-band recursive digital filter design." IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 37, no. 3 (March 1989): 442–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/29.21716.

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22

Lutovac, Budimir M., and Miroslav D. Lutovac. "Design and VHDL description of Multiplierless Half-Band IIR Filter." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 56, no. 5 (January 2002): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1434-8411-54100114.

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23

Chernobrovkin, R. E., I. V. Ivanchenko, A. M. Korolev, N. A. Popenko, and K. Yu Sirenko. "The Novel Microwave Stop-Band Filter." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2008 (2008): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/745368.

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The stop-band filter with the new band-rejection element is proposed. The element is a coaxial waveguide with the slot in the centre conductor. In the frame of this research, the numerical and experimental investigations of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the filter are carried out. It is noted that according to the slot parameters the two typical resonances (half-wave and quarter-wave) can be excited. The rejection band of the single element is defined by the width, depth, and dielectric filling of the slot. Fifth-order Chebyshev filter utilizing the aforementioned element is also synthesized, manufactured, and tested. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement. The experimental filter prototype exhibits the rejection band 0.86 GHz at the level −40 dB.

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24

Fellah, B., N. Cherif, M. Abri, and H. Badaoui. "CSRR-DGS Bandpass Filter Based on Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide for X-Band Applications." Advanced Electromagnetics 10, no. 3 (November 11, 2021): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v10i3.1782.

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In this paper, a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) bandpass filter using defected ground structure cells (DGS) is proposed. By using the periodic square CSRR resonant properties of DGS according to design requirement, an X-band band-pass filter is designed and analyzed to meet compact size, low insertion loss, and high rejection. The simulation results obtained by CST in X-band show that the proposed filter is characterized by a large transmitted bandwidth of about 1.38 GHz from 13.03 to 14.41 GHz. The higher simulated insertion loss is about −2.6 dB and the lower return loss is about −34 dB. The proposed filter size is 9.50 × 38.00 mm2 which make it a compact component. The structure is optimized using CST simulator. For the proposal validation, the simulation results is compared by HFSS. The simulation results are in good agreement for the two simulator.

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25

Chen, Wei Ping, Qiang Fu, Xiao Wei Liu, Yan Xiao, Bin Zhang, and Yu Heng Yang. "Design of a Digital Decimation Filter for High-Precision 4-Order Sigma-Delta ADC." Key Engineering Materials 503 (February 2012): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.503.415.

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In this paper, a design of a digital decimation filter which has a output of 24 bits for high-precision 4-ordes Σ-Δ ADC is proposed. The digital decimation filter includes a CIC filter, a compensation filter and a half band filter. The over-sampling rate of the digital decimation filter is 256, the cutoff frequency is 1kHz, the coefficient of the pass-band ripple is -0.25dB, the stop-band attenuation is -162dB, simulation results using Matlab and modelsim are correct, the result of the FPGA verification shows that the design meet the requirement of the high-precision 4-ordes Σ-Δ ADC.

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26

Chen, Yih Chien, Ruei Yang Syu, and Chih Hung Li. "The Application of Microwave Ceramic in Filter-Antenna Module for WLAN System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 1366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1366.

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In this paper, the simulation and measurement results of a filter-antenna module for application in WLAN band are presented. The filter-antenna module is fabricated on microwave ceramic substrate. The filter-antenna module is consisted of a monopole antenna, two U-shaped microstrip half wavelength resonators, and a tapped open stub. The proposed filter-antenna module has good agreement between the measurement and the simulation results. At center frequency, electromagnetic coupling between two half-wavelength resonators and inverted-L shaped microstrip feed line occurs and contributes the radiation. At the harmonic frequency, the currents are mainly distributed around the tapped open stub. The proposed filter-antenna module has a 10 dB return loss with bandwidth 290 MHz (2,337 - 2,627 MHz), covering the WLAN band.

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27

Chen, Xiu-Guang, Guo Hui Li, Zhiwei Shi, and Shuo Dan Feng. "HIGH-ORDER TRIPLE-MODE HALF-MODE FILTER AND DUAL-BAND DIPLEXER." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 89 (2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl19102901.

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28

Muqeet, Mohd Abdul, and Raghunath S.Holambe. "Enhancing Face Recognition Performance using Triplet Half Band Wavelet Filter Bank." International Journal of Image, Graphics and Signal Processing 8, no. 12 (December 8, 2016): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijigsp.2015.12.08.

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29

Muqeet, Mohd Abdul, and Raghunath S.Holambe. "Enhancing Face Recognition Performance using Triplet Half Band Wavelet Filter Bank." International Journal of Image, Graphics and Signal Processing 8, no. 12 (December 8, 2016): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijigsp.2016.12.08.

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30

Hoang, H. G., Hoang Duong Tuan, T. Q. Nguyen, and H. H. Kha. "Design of Exactly Linear Phase $K$-Regular IIR Half-Band Filter." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 55, no. 12 (December 2008): 1264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2008.2008071.

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31

Saramaki, T., Y. C. Lim, and R. Yang. "The synthesis of half-band filter using frequency-response masking technique." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 42, no. 1 (1995): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.363538.

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32

Yamashita, Ryou, Xi Zhang, Toshinori Yoshikawa, and Yoshinori Takei. "Design of IIR half-band filters with arbitrary flatness and its application to filter banks." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science) 87, no. 1 (September 11, 2003): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.10114.

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33

Xu, Kai, Yanlong Meng, Shufen Chen, Yi Li, Zhijun Wu, and Shangzhong Jin. "All-Dielectric Color Filter with Ultra-Narrowed Linewidth." Micromachines 12, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12030241.

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In this paper, a transmissive color filter with an ultra-narrow full width at half of the maximum is proposed. Exploiting a material with a high index of refraction and an extremely low extinction coefficient in the visible range allows the quality factor of the filter to be improved. Three groups of GaP/SiO2 pairs are used to form a Distributed Brag reflector in a symmetrical Fabry-Pérot cavity. A band-pass filter which is composed of ZnS/SiO2 pairs is also introduced to further promote the purity of the transmissive spectrum. The investigation manifests that a series of tuned spectrum with an ultra-narrow full width at half of the maximum in the full visible range can be obtained by adjusting the thickness of the SiO2 interlayer. The full width at half of the maximum of the transmissive spectrum can reach 2.35 nm. Simultaneously, the transmissive efficiency in the full visible range can keep as high as 0.75. Our research provides a feasible and cost-effective way for realizing filters with ultra-narrowed linewidth.

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34

Azadi, Rasoul, Saeed Roshani, Arez Nosratpour, Ali Lalbakhsh, and Mohammad Hazhir Mozaffari. "Half-Elliptical Resonator Lowpass Filter with a Wide Stopband for Low Band 5G Communication Systems." Electronics 10, no. 23 (November 25, 2021): 2916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10232916.

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In this paper, a lowpass filter is designed using half elliptical resonators with a wide stopband. New formulas are presented to achieve a circuit model for the half elliptical resonators used in this work. Additionally, the transfer function and transmission zero equations are used to adjust the frequency of the transmission zeros of the filter. The cut-off frequency of the lowpass filter is 1.26 GHz with a sufficiently large stopband, extending from 1.48 GHz to 20 GHz. The proposed filter’s figure of merit is 62,520, demonstrating its outperformance compared to the state of the art. The filter is implemented on a RT-5880 substrate with a constant dielectric of 2.2, thickness of 31 mil and loss tangent of 0.0009. The LPF was fabricated and tested, showing good agreement between the simulated and measured results.

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35

Скоморовский, Валерий, Valery Skomorovsky, Галина Кушталь, Galina Kushtal, Любовь Лоптева, Lyubov Lopteva, Владимир Прошин, Vladimir Proshin, Алла Цаюкова, and Alla Tsayukova. "Commercial narrowband Fabry-Perot solar filters, methods and instruments for their examination." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 1, no. 3 (September 27, 2015): 72–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10537.

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Nowadays, Coronado, Lunt, Solar Spectrum, Daystar and Solarscope companies advance available narrowband solar filters. Being installed in small telescopes they allow amateurs not only to admire grand phenomena in the solar atmosphere but also to be involved in scientific observations. The efforts of the companies aimed at achieving extreme values of Fabry–Perot (FP) filter basic parameters such as full width at half-maximum, angular field of view, filter clear aperture and uniformity of passband over the aperture, to make them suitable for scientific observations. Parameters of commercial filters, their compliance with the requirements depend on filter design and technology developed by companies. This study considers narrow-band FP filters designs proposed by five leading companies, and some technological problems of their production, which are important for their operation. To use commercial filters in professional research, it is necessary to be sure that the filter parameters declared by companies correspond to real ones. The methods and devices proposed by authors allow high-precision measuring integral and local characteristics of FP filter and its spectral uniformity across the aperture. Also, we can estimate the quality of optical stack and filter suitability for professional solar observations.

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36

Cheberiachko, Sergiy, Olena Yavors’ka, Olena Stolbchenko, and Dmytro Radchuk. "Protective Efficiency of Filtering Respirators." Advanced Engineering Forum 25 (November 2017): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.25.88.

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In the article the dependence of protective efficiency of the respiratory protective devices on the filter penetration coefficient and leakage of the polluted air through sealing band was established. The leakage was determined by the ratio of the filter resistance and the sealing band. The relationship between increasing the filter resistance and worsening the protective effectiveness of respiratory protective device was established. Factors that worsen the respirator quality were determined: the gaps between the face and half-mask, weak tension of the head harness. Filter parameters that will ensure high efficiency for respirators of the second protection class were established.

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37

Yoon, Ki-Cheol, Hyun-Wook Lee, Jong-Chul Lee, and Seong-Cheol Kim. "A Dual-Band Narrow Band-Pass Filter with Half-Wavelength Open Stubs Using the CRLH Metamaterial." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 55, no. 8 (May 28, 2013): 1887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.27728.

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38

Jorgensen, I. H. H., P. Pracny, and E. Bruun. "Hardware-Efficient Implementation of Half-Band IIR Filter for Interpolation and Decimation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 60, no. 12 (December 2013): 892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2013.2285975.

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39

Noura, Ahmed, Mohamed Benaissa, Mehadji Abri, Hadjira Badaoui, Tan‐Hoa Vuong, and Junwu Tao. "Miniaturized half‐mode SIW band‐pass filter design integrating dumbbell DGS cells." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 61, no. 6 (February 19, 2019): 1473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.31779.

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Ho, Min-Hua, Chung-I. G. Hsu, Kun-Hua Tang, and Wanchu Hong. "Miniaturized Band Pass Filter Design Using Half Mode Substrate Integrated Coaxial Resonators." Micromachines 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030389.

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The contribution of this work is to propose a half-mode substrate integrated coaxial resonator (HMSICR) and its application in bandpass filter (BPF) design. The proposed HMSICR is formed by evenly bisecting a square substrate integrated coaxial resonator (SICR), which is a cavity composed of two dielectric substrates and three metal layers. The SICR’s sidewalls are mimicked by periodically spaced thru-via arrays, and a circular patch is embedded in the middle metal layer of the SICR with the patch shorted to the cavity’s bottom wall by a circular array of blind vias. This HMSICR can drastically lower the cavity’s resonance frequency. The achieved frequency reduction rate of the proposed HMSICR, as compared with that of its conventional substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity counterpart, reaches 70%. A sample four-HMSICR BPF is built for the circuit verification measurement. To further reduce the sample filter’s area, the composing HMSICRs are vertically stacked in a back-to-back configuration. We believe that its obtained size-reduction rate reaches the highest record.

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Liu, Li-Qin, Huang-Sheng Lai, Hao-Ming Hu, Jun-Jie Chen, Min-Hang Weng, and Ru-Yuan Yang. "A Simple Method to Design a UWB Filter with a Notched Band Using Short-Circuit Step Impedance Stubs." Electronics 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071124.

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This article presents a simple method to design an ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with a notched band. The structure of the filter is simple and is composed of a single half-wavelength resonator loaded with three sets of short-circuit step impedance stubs. An equivalent circuit model is presented to analyze the resonance characteristics. Compared with the traditional quarter-wavelength uniform impedance stub, the novelty of the short-circuit step impedance stub introduces two design parameters: the impedance ratio (K) and the electrical length ratio (α). Therefore, by adjusting these design parameters, the frequencies of the first two notched bands can be tuned widely, so a wide frequency band with a notched band can easily be achieved. With a K of 0.36 and an α of 0.6, the designed filter achieved an ultra-wideband bandpass response with a notched band. The UWB response had a passband range of 2.5 GHz–10.5 GHz and a notched band around 5.1 GHz with an attenuation of about 45 dB. The insertion loss in the entire passband was less than 1.26 dB, and the return loss was larger than 10 dB on average. The maximum group delay variation in the two passbands was less than 0.3 nS. The measurement results showed good agreement with the simulation results.

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Atallah, Hany A. "Compact and efficient WPT systems using half-ring resonators (HRRs) for powering electronic devices." Wireless Power Transfer 5, no. 2 (September 2018): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2018.4.

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This work presents a novel efficient and compact size coupled resonator system for wireless power transfer (WPT) based on compact half-ring resonators defected ground structure (HRRs-DGS). The proposed design is capable of supplying low power electronic devices. The suggested system is based on coupled resonators of DGS. An HRR-DGS band-stop filter is designed and proposed, and when two HRRs-DGS are coupled back-to-back, it transfers to a band-pass filter leading to a compact and highly efficient WPT system working at 3.4 GHz. The measured efficiency of the proposed coupled HRRs-DGS system is around 94% at a transmission distance of 12 mm which is filled with foam for stable measurements. The proposed design is suitable for charging electronic devices such as wireless sensor nodes at 3.4 GHz. Simulation and experimental results have shown acceptable agreement.

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Zhang, Xi, Kentaro Inotsume, and Toshinori Yoshikawa. "Design of low-delay FIR half-band filters with arbitrary flatness and its application to filter banks." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science) 83, no. 10 (October 2000): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6440(200010)83:10<1::aid-ecjc1>3.0.co;2-8.

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Duan, Yingbu, Changlong Cai, Haifeng Liang, Tiantian Jia, and Shujing Yin. "Design and Preparation of a 6-Channel Fan-Shaped Integrated Narrow-Band Filter in the Mid-Infrared Band." Coatings 9, no. 9 (September 5, 2019): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9090567.

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A six-channel fan-shaped integrated narrow-band filter on a silicon substrate was designed on the basis of the Fabray–Perot (FP) theory and was fabricated using e-beam thermal evaporation. The central wavelength was modulated by modifying the FP cavity thickness using the combination mask method. Germanium and zinc sulfide were selected as the high and low refractive index film materials, respectively. Its average peak transmission reached 83.3%, the cut-off transmittance was less than 1%, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) changed from 55 and 94 nm, and the central wavelength positioning accuracy error was less than 0.35%. Furthermore, transmittance was also calculated inversely, using the thickness of each layer of films, in order to deduce the reason of the decrease in peak transmittance. Thickness deviation of each layer and interface scattering contributed to the decrease of peak transmittance. Compared with the same type of products in the market, our filter showed better properties than that of some published and commercial filter.

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Ganesan, Revathi, and Radha Sankararajan. "Design of a miniaturized tri-band bandstop filter using spur microstrip lines and via-hole grounding." Circuit World 46, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-06-2018-0046.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a miniaturized tri-band bandstop filter that finds application in a modern dense communication system where size and multi-band plays a vital role. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors propose a miniaturized tri-band microstrip bandstop filter which combines the conventional bandstop filter and spur microstrip line structures such that this design achieves tri-band operation at 1.8 GHz and 3 GHz. The overall length of the microstrip filter is found to reduce from 126 to 45 mm because of introduction of spur lines and via-hole grounding. The addition of spur lines replaces two resonators, introduces two additional resonant frequencies and enhances the −6 dB bandwidth of the center frequency by 14 %.The addition of via-holes in each resonator reduces its length into half of its original length, thereby reducing filter size. Findings Resonance occurs at three different frequencies 1.8, 2.4 and 3 GHz. The filter size reduces from 126 to 45 mm, and the −6 dB rejection bandwidth of center frequency improves by 14 %. Originality/value The overall filter size is reduced by 65% and it resonates at three different frequencies 1.8, 2.4 and 3 GHz with an improved bandwidth of 10 % around the center frequency.

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Sarkar, Pankaj, Rowdra Ghatak, Manimala Pal, and Dipak Ranjan Poddar. "A planar compact dual-band bandpass filter using stepped impedance resonator and interdigital capacitor." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, no. 6 (October 6, 2011): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078711000870.

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In this paper a dual-band bandpass filter with sharp rejection is proposed. The filter is realized by using two half-wavelength stepped impedance resonators to operate at the passbands 2.5 and 3.5 GHz. To increase the band width further to about 45 MHz at the lower passband and 115 MHz at the higher passband, interdigital capacitors are introduced between resonator and input and output combining network. Measured insertion loss is about 1.45 and 1.7 dB at first and second passbands, respectively. A finite transmission zero in between two passbands at 2.84 GHz is realized to improve the selectivity of the filter. The design procedure to get highly selective response of the proposed filter is explicitly explained. An equivalent circuit model of proposed filter is developed that matches well with measured results.

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Iqbal, Amjad, Jun Jiat Tiang, Sew Kin Wong, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari, Francisco Falcone, and Ernesto Limiti. "Multimode HMSIW-Based Bandpass Filter with Improved Selectivity for Fifth-Generation (5G) RF Front-Ends." Sensors 20, no. 24 (December 19, 2020): 7320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247320.

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This article presents the detailed theoretical, simulation, and experimental analysis of a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW)-based multimode wideband filter. A third-order, semicircular HMSIW filter is developed in this paper. A semicircular HMSIW cavity resonator is adopted to achieve wide band characteristics. A U-shaped slot (acts as a λ/4 stub) in the center of a semicircular HMSIW cavity resonator and L-shaped open-circuited stubs are used to improve the out-of-band response by generating multiple transmission zeros (TZs) in the stop-band region of the filter. The TZs on either side of the passband can be controlled by adjusting dimensions of a U-shaped slot and L-shaped open-circuited stubs. The proposed filter covers a wide fractional bandwidth, has a lower insertion loss value, and has multiple TZs (which improves the selectivity). The simulated response of filter agrees well with the measured data. The proposed HMSIW bandpass filter can be integrated with any planar wideband communication system circuit, thanks to its planar structure.

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Huang, Yong Mao, Zhenhai Shao, Zhaosheng He, Chang Jiang You, and Di Jiang. "A Bandpass Filter Based on Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide-to-Defected Ground Structure Cells." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/969035.

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A half mode substrate integrated waveguide-to-defected ground structure (HMSIW-DGS) cell and its embedded form are proposed to miniaturize a bandpass filter. Both cells can purchase wideband frequency response and low insertion loss, as well as simple and easy fabrication. By cascading two of them according to design requirement, an X-band bandpass filter is designed and measured to meet compact size, low insertion loss, good return loss, second harmonic suppression, and linear phase.

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LIU Gui-xiong, 刘桂雄, 唐文明 TANG Wen-ming, and 谭大基 TAN Da-ji. "Focusing time delay of ultrasonic phased array based on multistage half-band filter." Optics and Precision Engineering 22, no. 6 (2014): 1571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/ope.20142206.1571.

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ZHANG, Xi. "Design of Two Channel Biorthogonal Graph Wavelet Filter Banks with Half-Band Kernels." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E100.A, no. 9 (2017): 1743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e100.a.1743.

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