Academic literature on the topic 'Hair fibres'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hair fibres"
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Kanwal, Hummaira, Muhammad Shahzad Aslam, Tayyaba Latif Mughal, Muhammad Asim, and Reena Majid Memon. "Human Hair as Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Enhancement of Tensile Strength of Concrete." January 2020 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2001.07.
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FRC (Fibre Reinforced Concrete) is fibrous material which increases its structural integrity, resists to explosive spalling in case of environmental affects, improves mix cohesion, improves ductility, reduces of steel reinforcement requirements and reduces the voids due to good stiffness. It contains short discrete fibres that are uniformly distributed. Mostly, natural fibers are the waste material which may have negative impact on environment. Synthetic fibres include steel fibres and glass fibres but natural fibres are coconut fibres and human hair fibres which tends to vary the properties to concrete. In addition, the character of FRC changes with varying concrete, fibre material, geometries, distribution, orientation and densities. Hair fibre concrete gives a practical, cost-effective and convenient method to avoid cracks and deficiencies regarding strength and proper mixing ratio which occurs at a longer period. Fibres have been used to reduce plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage in concrete. In some structural elements, fibrous concrete can be used to reduce the cost of structure. Different fibres are used to improve the tensile strength of concrete. Human hair are strong in tension. Hair fibres can be utilized as a strengthening material. Hair fibre is a non-decay able matter and available at a cheap rate. Experiments have been performed on fibrous concrete cylinders containing various percentages of human hair which is 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% by the weight of cement. A total of seventy-two cylinders have been prepared with FRC having different %ages of hair content. Workability, compressive strength and split tensile strength have been checked at three curing ages i.e. 7, 14 and 28 days. This research will open a new wicket in the horizon of reuse of waste material efficiently in construction industry. This innovation in construction industry will save our natural resources and use fibre in productive and an effective approach.
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Harizi, T., S. Dhouib, S. Msahli, and F. Sakli. "Bleaching Process Investigation of Tunisian Dromedary Hair." ISRN Textiles 2013 (June 4, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/532396.
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Successful bleaching of pigmented fibres was, generally, evaluated by a maximum whiteness, a minimum yellowness, and less damage to the bleached fibers. A review of the literature reveals that many studies on pigmented fibre bleaching are concerned with improving the whiteness and mechanical properties of bleached fibres. In this study, we investigate the effects of the hydrogen peroxide concentration, bleaching time, and clarification bath on the bleaching efficiency of Tunisian dromedary hair. It was showed that 30 min bleaching time gives better result in term of whiteness. However, an increased bleaching time gives an excessive damage to the bleached fibers. Further, the damage incurred by the dromedary hair was more important than that for wool, as is shown by the tenacity results. We found that oxalic acid, which is used for rinsing dromedary hair (after bleaching), provides improved results in term of whiteness obtained with bleaching. Certainly, oxalic acid made it possible to remove the maximum of iron remaining on fibre after bleaching. Bleaching methods demonstrate the excessive damage incurred by the fibre when using hydrogen peroxide particularly with raise concentration. This damage leads to adverse effects on the tenacity fibre.
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Parasakthibala, Ms G., and Mrs A. S. Monisha. "A Review on Natural Fibers; Its Properties and Application Over Synthetic Fibers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46530.
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Abstract: Fibre is a long, thin strand or thread of material made by weaving or knitting threads together. Fibre is a hair like strand of material. A fibre is the smallest visible unit of any textile product. Fibres are flexible and may be spun into yarn and made into fabric. Natural fibres are taken from animals, vegetables or mineral sources. A few examples of widely used natural fibres include animal fibre such as wool and silk vegetables fibres, especially cotton and flax and asbestos, a mineral. Natural fibers are more important part in our human environment. Natural fibers are ecofriendly and inexpensive which are readily available in nature. In this chapter we discuss about the overview of natural fiber and their characteristic. this paper also deals with the impact of natural fibers over the synthetic fibers and also the application of natural fiber in various fields.
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Cloete, Elsabe, Nonhlanhla P. Khumalo, and Malebogo N. Ngoepe. "The what, why and how of curly hair: a review." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 475, no. 2231 (November 2019): 20190516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0516.
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An attempt to understand and explain a peculiarity that was observed for curly fibres during experimentation revealed disparate literature reporting on several key issues. The phenotypical nature of curly fibres is only accurately understood within the larger scope of hair fibres, which are highly complex biological structures. A brief literature search produced thousands of research items. Besides the large amount of information on the topic, there was also great variability in research focus. From our review, it appeared that the complexity of hair biology, combined with the variety of research subtopics, often results in uncertainty when relating different aspects of investigation. During the literature investigation, we systematically categorized elements of curly hair research into three basic topics: essentially asking why fibres curl, what the curly fibre looks like and how the curly fibre behaves. These categories were subsequently formalized into a curvature fibre model that is composed of successive but distinctive tiers comprising the elements in curly hair research. The purpose of this paper is twofold: namely to present (i) a literature review that explores the different aspects of curly human scalp hair and (ii) the curvature fibre model as a systemized approach to investigating curly hair.
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Ibraheem, M., H. Galbraith, and J. R. Scaife. "Comparison of the response of secondary hair follicles of cashmere and angora goats to prolactin and melatonin in vitro." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600027628.
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Angora and Cashmere goats produce two distinctive major fibres. The hair coat of the Angora goat consists essentially of a single fleece of Mohair grown by secondary hair follicles with a limited production of guard hair from primary follicles. The average fibre diameter ranges from 22 to 45 urn. In contrast, the Cashmere bearing goat has a double coat comprising coarse guard hair produced by primary follicles with the fine cashmere underhair (preferably 19 μm diameter or less) produced by secondary hair follicles. In the Angora goat, the fibres grow essentially continuously while in cashmere, hair follicle activity is determined largely by seasonal changes in photoperiod. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of prolactin and melatonin, hormones implicated in the photoperiodic response, on the pattern of growth of secondary hair follicles isolated and maintained in vitro.
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Sutradhar, Rumpa, and V. B. Reddy Suda. "Utilization of Human hair fibre to stabilize Black Cotton Soil and Contaminated Soil." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 982, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012048.
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Abstract Land pollution is one of the primary concerns of today. So, conservation of natural resources and utilization of solid waste materials is necessary to deal with the problem of disposal of solid waste. The solid waste can be utilized in the construction and development industries depending on their suitability and attainability. Such a material is human hair fibres which considered as valueless solid waste. These fibres may create environmental problems being non-biodegradable in nature. This paper is focused on utilizing human hair fibre as a stabilizer to modify the properties of soil. It is an analysis to study the influence of Human Hair fibre on the characteristics of black cotton soil and contaminated soil. Human Hair Fibre (natural fibre) is used as a soil strengthening material which can enhance the properties of soil in the field of geotechnical engineering and ground improvement. Human hair fibre is randomly mixed with these soils in the proportion of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% by weight of soil. The properties such as free swell index, specific gravity, index properties and strength were determined and compared with non-reinforced soil. The findings show an enhancement in the properties of soil with the inclusion of human hair fibre.
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Yardy, Lewis, and Amanda Callaghan. "Microplastic and Organic Fibres in Feeding, Growth and Mortality of Gammarus pulex." Environments 8, no. 8 (August 3, 2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments8080074.
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Microplastic fibres (MPFs) are a major source of microplastic pollution, most are released during domestic washing of synthetic clothing. Organic microfibres (OMF) are also released into the environment by the same means, with cotton and wool being the most common in the UK. There is little empirical evidence to demonstrate that plastic fibres are more harmful than organic fibres if ingested by freshwater animals such as Gammarus pulex. Using our method of feeding Gammarus MPFs embedded in algal wafers, we compared the ingestion, feeding behaviour and growth of Gammarus exposed to 70 µm sheep wool, 20 µm cotton, 30 µm acrylic wool, and 50 µm or 100 µm human hair, and 30 µm cat hair at a concentration of 3% fibre by mass. Gammarus would not ingest wafers containing human hair, or sheep wool fibres. Given the choice between control wafers and those contaminated with MPF, cat hair or cotton, Gammarus spent less time feeding on MPF but there was no difference in the time spent feeding on OMFs compared to the control. Given a choice between contaminated wafers, Gammarus preferred the OMF to the MPF. There were no significant differences in growth or mortality among any of the treatments. These results conclude that MPFs are less likely to be ingested by Gammarus if alternative food is available and are not more harmful than OMFs.
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Coderch, Luisa, Ritamaria Di Lorenzo, Marika Mussone, Cristina Alonso, and Meritxell Martí. "The Role of Lipids in the Process of Hair Ageing." Cosmetics 9, no. 6 (November 18, 2022): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics9060124.
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An obvious sign of ageing is the loss of hair colour due to a decrease or lack of melanin in hair fibres. An examination of the lipid levels and structure of grey hair determined using µ–FTIR revealed a high correlation between the characteristics of lipids located in the cuticle and the water dynamics of the fibres. Therefore, a deep study based on external and internal lipid extraction, an analysis using thin layer chromatography coupled to an automated flame ionisation detector, calorimetric analyses and the physico-chemical evaluation of the delipidated fibres were performed. Hairs were evaluated to identify changes in the organisation of these lipids using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and their effect on the water dynamics of the fibres. The primary differences observed for the lipid extracts from white hair compared to brown hair were the lower amount of the internal lipids extracted, which were primarily composed of free fatty acids (FFAs) and ceramides, with a higher content of lower phase transition peaks, indicating increased unsaturated compounds that promote higher fluidity of the lipid bilayers. The virgin white fibres exhibited lower levels of embedded water, with lower binding energies and higher water diffusion, indicating higher permeability. The IR study confirmed the low lipid levels and the greater disorder of white hair. These results may be of interest for cosmetic treatments to which patients with grey hair may be subjected.
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Harland, Duane, Joy Woods, James Vernon, Richard Walls, David Scobie, Jeff Plowman, Charisa Cornellison, et al. "Like Follicle, like Fibre? Diameter and not Follicle Type Correlates with Fibre Ultrastructure." Key Engineering Materials 671 (November 2015): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.671.88.
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The hair follicles of most mammals are of two types, primary and secondary. Primary follicles develop earlier and have a prominent arrectorpili muscle. Secondary follicles have less prominent muscles and are often clumped, sharing a common opening from which fibres emerge. It is not entirely clear what types of follicles occur in human scalps. Partly this is because human hairs have a uniform appearance, unlike many mammals in which robust primary hairs differ markedly from narrow secondary fibres. Some sheep breeds are an exception because like humans, wool fibres have a similar macro-scale appearance irrespective of follicle type. How deep does this similarity go? Using electron microscopy, we examined wool primary fibres from different breeds and contrasted them to secondary fibres. For fibres of similar diameter, there was no significant difference in the ultrastructure or proportion and distribution of cortex cell types in primary and secondary fibres. We conclude that fibre diameter is the most important fibre parameter with respect to structural differences between fibres, not whether the fibres originate from primary or secondary follicles.
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Lanszki, J., D. Allain, R. G. Thébault, and Zs Szendrö. "The effect of melatonin treatment on fur maturation period and hair follicle cycle in growing chinchillas." Animal Science 75, no. 1 (April 2002): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800052826.
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AbstractThe effect of melatonin treatment on fur maturation period and hair follicle cycle in 4-month-old male and female chinchillas, kept under conditions of natural photoperiod, was studied. The animals were treated with continuous-release implants of melatonin (18 mg, group M, no. = 56), while no treatment was given to the control (group C, no. = 69). The effect on hair follicle activity cycle under conditions of normal hair growth (no. = 8) and after defleecing (no. = 8) and on number of hair fibres per follicle bundle (no. = 27) were measured by taking skin samples for histological examination once a month. The age at fur priming was reduced by 31 days (P < 0001) in the melatonin-treated chinchillas. When moulting began during the short-day period, the fur reached maturity 13 days (P < 005) sooner than when the moult began during the long-day period. Melatonin administration proved to be effective in these two periods. Melatonin treatment led to hair follicle activity decreasing at a faster rate, and the differences between treated and control groups from day 60 were significant (P < 005). The primary and secondary hair follicles reached the telogen phase 30 days earlier. Due to melatonin administration more fibres per follicle bundle were observed on the matured pelt (P < 005). At 4 months of age, following the removal of hair by defleecing, the growth of the first adult hair was studied without the presence of young-age hairs. No influence of defleecing as opposed to normal hair development on age at fur maturation or on the number of fibres per hair follicle bundle was observed. Within groups M and C the number of fibres per hair follicle bundle proved to be independent of age at first fur priming. No substantial differences between the groups were observed with respect to either body weight or pelt length at the time of pelting. According to these results, melatonin administration is effective in shortening the coat maturation period in growing chinchillas and causing corresponding changes in the hair follicle cycle.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hair fibres"
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Panayiotou, Helen. "Vibrational spectroscopy of human hair keratin fibres." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36946/1/36946_Panayiotou_1998.pdf.
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This thesis is concerned with an investigation of human hair fibres, and is primarily directed towards forensic and cosmetic applications. Initially, a small study was conducted by the use of scanning electron microscopy in order to obtain a visual understanding of the human hair fibre. However, the main focus of the thesis is on the application of vibrational spectroscopy techniques for the investigation of single hair fibres (for forensic studies) or their bulk samples (for cosmetic studies).
Previous research directed towards the forensic field, failed to discriminate human hair fibres with the aid of FT-IR microspectroscopy. In the present study, the same technique was again utilised but the spectral data was interpreted by chemometrics. A number of different hypotheses were proposed and tested. Initially, it was concluded that the best sampling site is the middle section of a single hair fibre. It has been shown that the variation between hair fibres from two individual sources exceeds that of several hair fibres from the same source. In general, it was concluded that human, single, hair fibres can be discriminated on the basis of gender, race and treatment (single treatments and multiple treatments). Samples with known history were used to build a reference set, and blind samples were used for validation. Overall, a success rate of about 83% was achieved. From the present results, it is concluded that FT-IR micospectroscopy followed by chemometrics is a powerful technique for the discrimination of human hair single fibres. For the cosmetic studies, FT-Raman and FT-IR/PAS, were used as complementary techniques to investigate the oxidation of hair fibres by varying the treatment times for permanently dyed hair. FT-Raman was used to study the oxidation of the S-S band, while FT-IR/PAS was employed to study the S=O oxidation states. The spectra were interpreted by the use of chemometrics. Overall, the results observed for the FT-Raman study were similar to those observed in the FT-IR/PAS. Curve fitting analysis, indicated that approximately 11 % of the disulfide bonds remain broken, while the rest are reformed. In addition, the ratio between the cystine to cysteic acid being formed, is 1.8. These observations agree with comments in the literature.
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Peet, Daniel J. "Protein-bound fatty acids in mammalian hair fibres /." Connect to thesis, 1994. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000641.
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Barton, Paul Matthew John. "A forensic investigation of single human hair fibres using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and chemometrics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41873/1/Paul_Barton_Thesis.pdf.
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Human hair fibres are ubiquitous in nature and are found frequently at crime scenes often as a result of exchange between the perpetrator, victim and/or the surroundings according to Locard's Principle. Therefore, hair fibre evidence can provide important information for crime investigation. For human hair evidence, the current forensic methods of analysis rely on comparisons of either hair morphology by microscopic examination or nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses. Unfortunately in some instances the utilisation of microscopy and DNA analyses are difficult and often not feasible. This dissertation is arguably the first comprehensive investigation aimed to compare, classify and identify the single human scalp hair fibres with the aid of FTIR-ATR spectroscopy in a forensic context.
Spectra were collected from the hair of 66 subjects of Asian, Caucasian and African (i.e. African-type). The fibres ranged from untreated to variously mildly and heavily cosmetically treated hairs. The collected spectra reflected the physical and chemical nature of a hair from the near-surface particularly, the cuticle layer. In total, 550 spectra were acquired and processed to construct a relatively large database. To assist with the interpretation of the complex spectra from various types of human hair, Derivative Spectroscopy and Chemometric methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Fuzzy Clustering (FC) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) program; Preference Ranking Organisation Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) and Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Aid (GAIA); were utilised.
FTIR-ATR spectroscopy had two important advantages over to previous methods: (i) sample throughput and spectral collection were significantly improved (no physical flattening or microscope manipulations), and (ii) given the recent advances in FTIR-ATR instrument portability, there is real potential to transfer this work.s findings seamlessly to on-field applications.
The "raw" spectra, spectral subtractions and second derivative spectra were compared to demonstrate the subtle differences in human hair. SEM images were used as corroborative evidence to demonstrate the surface topography of hair. It indicated that the condition of the cuticle surface could be of three types: untreated, mildly treated and treated hair. Extensive studies of potential spectral band regions responsible for matching and discrimination of various types of hair samples suggested the 1690-1500 cm-1 IR spectral region was to be preferred in comparison with the commonly used 1750-800 cm-1. The principal reason was the presence of the highly variable spectral profiles of cystine oxidation products (1200-1000 cm-1), which contributed significantly to spectral scatter and hence, poor hair sample matching. In the preferred 1690-1500 cm-1 region, conformational changes in the keratin protein attributed to the α-helical to β-sheet transitions in the Amide I and Amide II vibrations and played a significant role in matching and discrimination of the spectra and hence, the hair fibre samples.
For gender comparison, the Amide II band is significant for differentiation. The results illustrated that the male hair spectra exhibit a more intense β-sheet vibration in the Amide II band at approximately 1511 cm-1 whilst the female hair spectra displayed more intense α-helical vibration at 1520-1515cm-1. In terms of chemical composition, female hair spectra exhibit greater intensity of the amino acid tryptophan (1554 cm-1), aspartic and glutamic acid (1577 cm-1). It was also observed that for the separation of samples based on racial differences, untreated Caucasian hair was discriminated from Asian hair as a result of having higher levels of the amino acid cystine and cysteic acid. However, when mildly or chemically treated, Asian and Caucasian hair fibres are similar, whereas African-type hair fibres are different.
In terms of the investigation's novel contribution to the field of forensic science, it has allowed for the development of a novel, multifaceted, methodical protocol where previously none had existed. The protocol is a systematic method to rapidly investigate unknown or questioned single human hair FTIR-ATR spectra from different genders and racial origin, including fibres of different cosmetic treatments. Unknown or questioned spectra are first separated on the basis of chemical treatment i.e. untreated, mildly treated or chemically treated, genders, and racial origin i.e. Asian, Caucasian and African-type. The methodology has the potential to complement the current forensic analysis methods of fibre evidence (i.e. Microscopy and DNA), providing information on the morphological, genetic and structural levels.
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Cloete, Elsabe. "Interdependence between geometric, tensile and chemical bond behaviours of untreated hair fibres." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33176.
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To date, an accurate understanding of the dynamics between the fibre's inherent geometric, mechanical and biological characteristics is deficient, affecting the reliability and robustness of hair data. There is also insufficient scientific clarity on the behaviour of curly hair, as most of the conclusions have been drawn from studies focusing on straight fibres. This research project aimed at gaining a more accurate understanding of the interrelationships between fibre curliness, strength and chemical bonding. In the current understanding of hair mechanics, curly fibres are considered to have a lower tensile strength than straight fibres. Furthermore, the current understanding of hair fibres does not associate hydrogen bonding with fibre shape. During experimentation, inadvertent observations suggested that current tensile methods ignore an important component of hair strength in curly fibres, and that hydrogen bonding supports fibre curliness. Intensive scrutiny of these observations led to fundamental contributions to the understanding of curly hair. Research tools included tensile, geometric, image, (FTIR) spectroscopic assessments, regression modelling and multivariate statistical analysis. Through this research, the role of hydrogen bonding in fibre curliness has been established. A theory is presented about extraordinary hydrogen bonds and the existence of hydrogen bond networks across the fibre matrix of curly hair. The theory has been substantiated experimentally via FTIR and weight measurements. The research also established the importance of the preelastic tensile region for curly fibres. It was clearly demonstrated that tensile strength of hair fibres is not only dependent on Young's modulus, but also on the fibre's inherent viscoelasticity, which appears to be important in curly fibres but becomes negligible with loss of curl. A model, developed from experimental observations and insights from similar biological fibres, is also presented. The model gives insights into ultrastructural changes at the early onset of fibre elongation. It also demonstrates the association between viscoelasticity and hydrogen bond networks. Taking this into consideration, a constitutive equation, developed to determine hair fibre strength accurately, is also presented in this work. This work does not replace current fibre curvature theories, but provides additional insights into hair shape, and therefore presents a fundamental contribution to curvature in human hair. It also highlights the shortcomings of current instrumentation methods that contribute to inaccurate conclusions regarding the strength of curly fibres.
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Brooks, Elizabeth M., and na. "An appraisal of the use of numerical features in the forensic examination of hair." University of Canberra. School of Health Sciences, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20080624.144159.
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The advent of nuclear DNA (nuDNA) analysis altered the way forensic biology
was both practised and viewed by the forensic biologists, police, the legal system
and the general public. The ability of nuDNA to individualise analysis of evidence
and attach a statistical frequency ratio to the result, created an expectation that
numerical objectivity should be part of all forensic analysis. There are few
scientists who would disagree with both the need and desirability of objective
measures of their results. Forensic hair examiners are no exception as indicated by
numerous scientific publications specifically discussing means of objectively
assessing hair and its characteristics. While mitochondrial DNA offers a partially
objective measure of hair the result is destructive of the sample. A method that
objectively supports the hair analysts' microscopic findings and is non destructive
would be beneficial to forensic hair examination. This project attempted to develop
an objective measure of hair analysis by using both traditional light microscopic
comparative techniques combined with a high end digital imaging and image
analysis capacity.
Where objectivity equals an empirical set of numbers that can be manipulated for
statistical significance, the comparative biological sciences such as histology,
anthropology and forensic hair examination struggle. Forensic hair examiners have
long acknowledged the difficulty, even inability, of assigning numerical values to
the features that characterise one hair as being different from another. The human
scalp hair is a "morphological" unit that is not readily split into component parts or
even that these parts lend themselves to a number value. There have been at least
nine separate studies which favourably compare the specificity of microscopic hair
examinations. The challenge this study addressed was to appraise the use of
numerical features in forensic hair examination, with particular emphasis on those
features currently resisting numerical evaluation; specifically, colour and
pigmentary characteristics.
The techniques used were based on obtaining high quality digital images, and using
the pixels inherent in the images to obtain numerical values of such features as
colour and pigmentation. The project sample was taken from the telogen scalp hairs obtained from the hairbrushes of ten nominally brown haired Caucasians, both
male and female. The focus was twofold:
o Compare colour analysis of hair images from brown haired Caucasians
within three standard, internationally recognized colour models, namely
Red-Green-Blue (RGB) colour model; CIE XYZ Tristimulus (1931) colour
model; and CIE L*a*b* (1976) colour model.
o Using the same sets of digital images, undertake pattern recognition
analysis both intra and inter individual hair samples.
Discriminate analysis of the mean colour values collected for each of the inherent
colour variables in the three colour models (red, green, blue; X, Y, Z and L*, a*,
b*) indicated the RGB colour model gave the least separation of brown haired
individuals; CIE XYZ and CIE L*a*b* separated several individuals for all their
individual samples and several other individuals were mostly separated with only
one of their own samples overlapping with another.
Pattern analysis used a small area that represented the overall pigment patterning
observed along the length of the hair shaft. This area was extracted from the digital
image within V++ Digital Optics image analysis software. The extracted pattern
piece was then compared with other sample images within the same hair and four
other hairs from the same individual. Pattern extracts were also compared between
person hair samples. The comparisons generated a set of numerical values based
on the pixel number on the "x" axis of the whole image and the average difference
between the extracted pattern image and the whole image. Analysis of this data
resulted in log distributions when persons were matched with themselves. It was
also possible to refer an unknown pattern extract to this distribution and based on
probabilities, predict as to whether or not the unknown sample fell within any of
the known sample's distribution.
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Hill, Jennifer Clare. "The relationship between auditory efferent function and frequency selectivity in man." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313735.
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Panayiotou, Helen. "Vibrational spectroscopy of keratin fibres : A forensic approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15953/7/Helen_Panayiotou_Thesis_ePrint-15953.pdf.
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Human hair profiling is an integral part of a forensic investigation but it is one of the most technically difficult subjects in forensic science. This thesis describes the research and development of a novel approach for the rapid identification of unknown human and other related keratin fibres found at a crime scene. The work presented here is developed systematically and considers sample collection, sample preparation, analysis and interpretation of spectral data for the profiling of hair fibres encountered in criminal cases. Spectral comparison of fibres was facilitated with the use of chemometrics methods such as PCA, SIMCA and Fuzzy Clustering, and the less common approach of multi-criteria decision making methodology (MCDM).
The aim of the thesis was to investigate the potential of some vibrational spectroscopy techniques for matching and discrimination of single keratin hair fibres in the context of forensic evidence.
The first objective (chapter 3) of the thesis was to evaluate the use of Raman and FT-IR micro-spectroscopy techniques for the forensic sampling of hair fibres and to propose the preferred technique for future forensic hair comparisons. The selection of the preferred technique was based on criteria such as spectral quality, ease of use, rapid analysis and universal application to different hair samples. FT-IR micro-spectroscopy was found to be the most appropriate technique for hair analysis because it enabled the rapid collection of spectra from a wide variety of hair fibres. Raman micro-spectroscopy, on the other hand, was hindered with fluorescence problems and did not allow the collection of spectra from pigmented fibres. This objective has therefore shown that FT-IR micro-spectroscopy is the preferable spectroscopic technique for forensic analysis of hair fibres, whilst Raman spectroscopy is the least preferred.
The second objective (chapter 3) was to investigate, through a series of experiments, the effect of chemical treatment on the micro-environment of human hair fibres. The effect of bleaching agents on the hair fibres was studied with some detail at different treatment times and the results indicate a significant change in the chemical environment of the secondary structure of the hair fibre along with changes in the C-C backbone structure. One of the most important outcomes of this research was the behaviour of the fÑ-helix during chemical treatment. The hydrogen bonding in the fÑ-helix provides for the stable structure of the fibre and therefore any disruption to the fÑ-helix will inevitably damage the molecular structure of the fibre. The results highlighted the behaviour of the fÑ-helix, which undergoes a significant decrease in content during oxidation, and is partly converted to a random-coil structure, whilst the fÒ-sheet component of the secondary structure remains unaffected. The reported investigations show that the combination of FT-IR and Raman micro-spectroscopy can provide an insight and understanding into the complex chemical properties and reactions within a treated hair fibre. Importantly, this work demonstrates that with the aid of chemometrics, it is possible to investigate simultaneously FT-IR and Raman micro-spectroscopic information from oxidised hair fibres collected from one subject and treated at different times. The discrimination and matching of hair fibres on the basis of treatment has potential forensic applications.
The third objective (chapter 4) attempted to expand the forensic application of FT-IR micro-spectroscopy to other keratin fibres. Animal fibres are commonly encountered in crime scenes and it thus becomes important to establish the origin of those fibres. The aim of this work was to establish the forensic applications of FT-IR micro-spectroscopy to animal fibres and to investigate any fundamental molecular differences between these fibres. The results established a discrimination between fibres consisting predominantly of fÑ-helix and those containing mainly a fÒ-sheet structure. More importantly, it was demonstrated through curve-fitting and chemometrics, that each keratin fibre contains a characteristic secondary structure arrangement. The work presented here is the first detailed FT-IR micro-spectroscopic study, utilising chemometrics as well as MCDM methods, for a wide range of keratin fibres, which are commonly, found as forensic evidence. Furthermore, it was demonstrated with the aid of the rank ordering MCDM methods PROMETHEE and GAIA, that it is possible to rank and discriminate keratin fibres according to their molecular characteristics obtained from direct measurements together with information sourced from the literature.
The final objective (chapter 5) of the thesis was to propose an alternative method for the discrimination and matching of single scalp human hair fibres through the use of FT-IR micro-spectroscopy and chemometrics. The work successfully demonstrated, through a number of case scenarios, the application of the technique for the identification of variables such as gender and race for an unknown single hair fibre. In addition, it was also illustrated that known hair fibres (from the suspect or victim) can be readily matched to the unknown hair fibres found at the crime scene. This is the first time that a substantial, systematic FT-IR study of forensic hair identification has been presented. The research has shown that it is possible to model and correlate individual¡¦s characteristics with hair properties at molecular level with the use of chemometrics methods. A number of different, important forensic variables of immediate use to police in a crime scene investigation such as gender, race, treatment, black and white hair fibres were investigated. Blind samples were successfully applied both to validate available experimental data and extend the current database of experimental determinations. Protocols were posed for the application of this methodology in the future.
The proposed FT-IR methodology presented in this thesis has provided an alternative approach to the characterisation of single scalp human hair fibres. The technique enables the rapid collection of spectra, followed by the objective analytical capabilities of chemometrics to successfully discriminate animal fibres, human hair fibres from different sources, treated from untreated hair fibres, as well as black and white hair fibres, on the basis of their molecular structure. The results can be readily produced and explained in the courts of law. Although the proposed relatively fast FT-IR technique is not aimed at displacing the two slower existing methods of hair analysis, namely comparative optical microscopy and DNA analysis, it has given a new dimension to the characterisation of hair fibres at a molecular level, providing a powerful tool for forensic investigations.
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Panayiotou, Helen. "Vibrational spectroscopy of keratin fibres : A forensic approach." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15953/.
Full textAbstract:
Human hair profiling is an integral part of a forensic investigation but it is one of the most technically difficult subjects in forensic science. This thesis describes the research and development of a novel approach for the rapid identification of unknown human and other related keratin fibres found at a crime scene. The work presented here is developed systematically and considers sample collection, sample preparation, analysis and interpretation of spectral data for the profiling of hair fibres encountered in criminal cases. Spectral comparison of fibres was facilitated with the use of chemometrics methods such as PCA, SIMCA and Fuzzy Clustering, and the less common approach of multi-criteria decision making methodology (MCDM). The aim of the thesis was to investigate the potential of some vibrational spectroscopy techniques for matching and discrimination of single keratin hair fibres in the context of forensic evidence. The first objective (chapter 3) of the thesis was to evaluate the use of Raman and FT-IR micro-spectroscopy techniques for the forensic sampling of hair fibres and to propose the preferred technique for future forensic hair comparisons. The selection of the preferred technique was based on criteria such as spectral quality, ease of use, rapid analysis and universal application to different hair samples. FT-IR micro-spectroscopy was found to be the most appropriate technique for hair analysis because it enabled the rapid collection of spectra from a wide variety of hair fibres. Raman micro-spectroscopy, on the other hand, was hindered with fluorescence problems and did not allow the collection of spectra from pigmented fibres. This objective has therefore shown that FT-IR micro-spectroscopy is the preferable spectroscopic technique for forensic analysis of hair fibres, whilst Raman spectroscopy is the least preferred. The second objective (chapter 3) was to investigate, through a series of experiments, the effect of chemical treatment on the micro-environment of human hair fibres. The effect of bleaching agents on the hair fibres was studied with some detail at different treatment times and the results indicate a significant change in the chemical environment of the secondary structure of the hair fibre along with changes in the C-C backbone structure. One of the most important outcomes of this research was the behaviour of the fÑ-helix during chemical treatment. The hydrogen bonding in the fÑ-helix provides for the stable structure of the fibre and therefore any disruption to the fÑ-helix will inevitably damage the molecular structure of the fibre. The results highlighted the behaviour of the fÑ-helix, which undergoes a significant decrease in content during oxidation, and is partly converted to a random-coil structure, whilst the fÒ-sheet component of the secondary structure remains unaffected. The reported investigations show that the combination of FT-IR and Raman micro-spectroscopy can provide an insight and understanding into the complex chemical properties and reactions within a treated hair fibre. Importantly, this work demonstrates that with the aid of chemometrics, it is possible to investigate simultaneously FT-IR and Raman micro-spectroscopic information from oxidised hair fibres collected from one subject and treated at different times. The discrimination and matching of hair fibres on the basis of treatment has potential forensic applications. The third objective (chapter 4) attempted to expand the forensic application of FT-IR micro-spectroscopy to other keratin fibres. Animal fibres are commonly encountered in crime scenes and it thus becomes important to establish the origin of those fibres. The aim of this work was to establish the forensic applications of FT-IR micro-spectroscopy to animal fibres and to investigate any fundamental molecular differences between these fibres. The results established a discrimination between fibres consisting predominantly of fÑ-helix and those containing mainly a fÒ-sheet structure. More importantly, it was demonstrated through curve-fitting and chemometrics, that each keratin fibre contains a characteristic secondary structure arrangement. The work presented here is the first detailed FT-IR micro-spectroscopic study, utilising chemometrics as well as MCDM methods, for a wide range of keratin fibres, which are commonly, found as forensic evidence. Furthermore, it was demonstrated with the aid of the rank ordering MCDM methods PROMETHEE and GAIA, that it is possible to rank and discriminate keratin fibres according to their molecular characteristics obtained from direct measurements together with information sourced from the literature. The final objective (chapter 5) of the thesis was to propose an alternative method for the discrimination and matching of single scalp human hair fibres through the use of FT-IR micro-spectroscopy and chemometrics. The work successfully demonstrated, through a number of case scenarios, the application of the technique for the identification of variables such as gender and race for an unknown single hair fibre. In addition, it was also illustrated that known hair fibres (from the suspect or victim) can be readily matched to the unknown hair fibres found at the crime scene. This is the first time that a substantial, systematic FT-IR study of forensic hair identification has been presented. The research has shown that it is possible to model and correlate individual¡¦s characteristics with hair properties at molecular level with the use of chemometrics methods. A number of different, important forensic variables of immediate use to police in a crime scene investigation such as gender, race, treatment, black and white hair fibres were investigated. Blind samples were successfully applied both to validate available experimental data and extend the current database of experimental determinations. Protocols were posed for the application of this methodology in the future. The proposed FT-IR methodology presented in this thesis has provided an alternative approach to the characterisation of single scalp human hair fibres. The technique enables the rapid collection of spectra, followed by the objective analytical capabilities of chemometrics to successfully discriminate animal fibres, human hair fibres from different sources, treated from untreated hair fibres, as well as black and white hair fibres, on the basis of their molecular structure. The results can be readily produced and explained in the courts of law. Although the proposed relatively fast FT-IR technique is not aimed at displacing the two slower existing methods of hair analysis, namely comparative optical microscopy and DNA analysis, it has given a new dimension to the characterisation of hair fibres at a molecular level, providing a powerful tool for forensic investigations.
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Colenci, Ana Vivian Parrelli. "Efeito de uma formulação contendo o biopolímero quitosana sobre a fibra capilar caucasiana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-14022008-090538/.
Full textAbstract:
Há um número crescente de indústrias no ramo de cosméticos atualmente, devido ao fato das pessoas se preocuparem mais com suas aparências e ansiarem por produtos de qualidade. Em decorrência desse fato as indústrias vêem investindo cada vez mais nas áreas de pesquisas e desenvolvendo tecnologia neste segmento. Este trabalho visa o estudo das fibras capilares e a interação das mesmas com uma formulação comercial contendo como ativo principal o biopolímero quitosana. Utilizou-se para tanto técnicas como microscopia eletrônica de varredura, microscopia ótica, microscopia de força atômica, análises térmicas (TG/DSC) e análise de espectroscopia de absorção na região do infravermelho. O estudo foi feito com cabelos caucasianos virgens (sem tratamento químico) e em cabelos caucasianos descoloridos. Os resultados evidenciaram melhorias na estrutura da fibra capilar. Pode-se também levantar dados como a rugosidade e a área cuticular da fibra, através desses dados verificou-se que a rugosidade na fibra capilar diminui e a área cuticular aumentou com o uso do produto. Foi observado também através da análise de infravermelho a presença da quitosana na fibra capilar.Currently exists an increasing number of companies on the cosmetic market, due to the fact that people worry more about appearance and (to) desire (for) quality products. As a result the companies are investing more in this area and developing new technologies. The purpose of this work is to study hair fibers and their interaction with a commercial product containing chitosan which is the main ingredient in the formula of Kit Bio Film® Tânagra and techniques were used, such as MEV, optic microscopy, AFM, thermal analysis (TG/DSC) and infrared absorption spectroscopy. This study was realized with caucasian virgin hair (without any chemical process) and with caucasian uncolored hair. In all analyses improvement of the hair fiber structure was observed. Also observed data such as roughness and cuticle size showed an increase in roughness and a decrease of cuticle size.The presence of chitosan in the hair fiber was also observed by infrared analysis.
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Chen, Wenhe. "Tribological Interactions between Virgin Hair Fibers at Nanoscale." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1564765772121011.
Full textBooks on the topic "Hair fibres"
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Feughelman, Max. Mechanical properties and structure of alpha-keratin fibres: Wool, human hair and related fibres. Sydney: UNSW Press, 1997.
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Feughelman, Max. Mechanical properties and structure of alpha-keratin fibres: Wool, human hair, and related fibres. Sydney: UNSW Press, 1997.
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Mechanical properties and structure of alpha-keratin fibres: Wool, human hair and related fibres. Sydney: UNSW Press, 1997.
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Hair and fibers. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 2008.
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Plowman, Jeffrey E., Duane P. Harland, and Santanu Deb-Choudhury, eds. The Hair Fibre: Proteins, Structure and Development. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8195-8.
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Forensic evidence: Hairs and fibers. New York: Crabtree Pub. Company, 2008.
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Knitting with Dog Hair: A Woof-to-Warp Guide to Making Hats, Sweaters, Mittens, and Much More. New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 1994.
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Zeronian, S. Haig. Surface Modification of Polyester by Alkaline Treatments: A critical appreciation of recent developments by S. Haig Zeronianand Martha J. Collins. Manchester: Textile Inst., 1990.
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Feughelman, Max. Mechanical Properties and Structure of Alpha-Keratin Fibers: Wool, Human Hair and Related Fibres. UNSW Press, 1996.
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Singer, Jane, and John D. Wright. Hair and Fibers. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Hair fibres"
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Harland, Duane P., and Jeffrey E. Plowman. "Development of Hair Fibres." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 109–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8195-8_10.
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Lakshmanan, Ammayappan, Seiko Jose, and Sujay Chakraborty. "Luxury Hair Fibers for Fashion Industry." In Sustainable Fibres for Fashion Industry, 1–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0522-0_1.
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Christie, Robert M., and Olivier J. X. Morel. "The Coloration of Human Hair." In The Coloration of Wool and other Keratin Fibres, 357–91. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118625118.ch11.
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Chapman, R. E. "Follicular Malfunctions and Resultant Effects on Wool Fibres." In The Biology of Wool and Hair, 243–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9702-1_17.
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Broad, John. "The Slog of Particulate Matter, Hair and Fibres." In Science and Criminal Detection, 51–66. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10604-2_4.
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Veit, Dieter. "Fine Animal Hair." In Fibers, 327–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15309-9_10.
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Reddy, Narendra, and Yiqi Yang. "Animal Hair Fibers." In Innovative Biofibers from Renewable Resources, 209. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45136-6_46.
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Allain, Daniel. "Genetics of fibre and fur production in rabbits." In The genetics and genomics of the rabbit, 104–19. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781780643342.0007.
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Abstract This chapter aims to present the genetics of fibre and fur production in the rabbit. It focuses first on general biology of hair covering and hair development of the rabbit. A clear understanding of the biological basis of the coat is essential for a better understanding of the genetic basis of fibre and fur production. It then examines the genetic basis of hair growth pattern and coat composition for fibre and fur production. Selection of rabbit on coat colour, a component of fur production, will be dealt with very briefly. Genetics and molecular genetics of coat colour is the subject of Chapter 6 of this book.
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Russell, Ian, and Alan Palmer. "Filtering Due to the Inner Hair-Cell Membrane Properties and its Relation to the Phase-Locking Limit in Cochlear Nerve Fibres." In Auditory Frequency Selectivity, 199–207. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2247-4_23.
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Robbins, Clarence R. "The Physical Properties of Hair Fibers." In Chemical and Physical Behavior of Human Hair, 537–640. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25611-0_9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Hair fibres"
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Marschner, Stephen R., Henrik Wann Jensen, Mike Cammarano, Steve Worley, and Pat Hanrahan. "Light scattering from human hair fibers." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1201775.882345.
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Phillips, David M., Keith A. Slinker, Cody W. Ray, Benjamin J. Hagen, Jeffery W. Baur, Benjamin T. Dickinson, and Gregory W. Reich. "Artificial Hair Sensors: Electro-Mechanical Characterization." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7707.
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Performance demands of future unmanned air vehicles will require rapid autonomous responses to changes in environment. Towards this goal, we expect that the next generation flight control systems will include advanced sensors beyond the contemporary array. One promising scenario correlates measurements of flow footprints over aircraft surfaces with aerodynamic data to aid navigation and feedback control algorithms. As a sensor for this concept, we construct artificial hair sensors (AHSs) based on glass microfibers enveloped in an annular, radially-aligned piezoresistive carbon nanotube (CNT) forest to measure air flow in boundary layers. This study includes an analysis of the sensitivity based on laboratory scale electromechanical testing. The sensors in this work utilize nine micron diameter S2 glass fibers as the sensing mechanism for coupling to boundary layer air flows. The annular CNT forest resides in a fused silica microcapillary with electrodes at the entrance. The sensor electrical transduction mechanism relies on the resistance change of the CNT forest due to changes in both the bulk and contact resistance as a function of mechanical loading on the fiber. For the electromechanical analysis, the sensors are controllably loaded to measure both the force and moment acting at the base of the hair and the resulting deflection of the CNT forest inside of the microcapillary is measured to estimate the stress on the forest and the pressure between the forest and the electrode. The electrical responses of the sensors are compared to the mechanical state of the CNT forest. This work represents the development of a characterization tool to better understand and control the response of CNT based AHSs.
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Jakob, Wenzel, Jonathan T. Moon, and Steve Marschner. "Capturing hair assemblies fiber by fiber." In ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1661412.1618510.
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Sarlo, Rodrigo, and Donald Leo. "Airflow Sensing With Arrays of Hydrogel Supported Artificial Hair Cells." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9014.
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The hair cell is a biological sensor that uses microscopic hair-like structures to detect delicate motions of surrounding fluid. Inspired by this principle, we have created an artificial hair cell (AHC) sensory method based on biomolecular transduction for sensing spatial variations in air flow. The key feature of this method is the use of one-dimensional arrays built from modular AHC units which measure local velocity at different points in a flow profile. Each of the AHC units uses thinly extruded glass fibers as mechanical receptors of air velocity. Hair vibrations are converted to current via hydrogel-supported lipid bilayer membranes through their mechanocapacitive properties. Preliminary tests with linear arrays of three AHC units attempt to measure the air source profile with varying position and intensity. Each unit was fabricated with a hair of different length, giving it a unique vibrational response. This technique was inspired by how organisms use hair cells with tuned responses to mechanically process flow stimuli. A significant challenge in processing the sensors’ output was the limitation of one input channel on the current measurement unit, thus each sensor output had to be sent over the same channel. When several AHC units are excited simultaneously by an airflow, the resulting signal is a superposition of each sensor’s individual response. To separate the signals back into their individual measurements, the Hair Frequency Response Decomposition method is developed, which maps the spectral content of a combined output to the location of excitation in the array. This method takes advantage of the AHC’s high signal-to-noise ratio (compared to other membrane-based AHCs) and linear output response to flow velocity. Results show that the bilayers’ consistent spectral responses allow for an accurate localization of sensor excitation within the array. However, temporal variations in bilayer size affect sensitivity properties and make accurate flow velocity estimation difficult. Nevertheless, under stable bilayer conditions the measured velocity profiles matched closely with theoretical predictions. The implementation of the array sensing method demonstrates the sensory capability of bilayer-based AHC arrays, but highlights the difficulties of achieving consistent performance with bio-molecular materials.
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Huang, Weizhen, Matthias B. Hullin, and Johannes Hanika. "Scattering from Elliptical Hair Fibers Based on Microfacet Theory." In SIGGRAPH '22: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3532719.3543236.
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d'Eon, Eugene, Steve Marschner, and Johannes Hanika. "Importance sampling for physically-based hair fiber models." In SIGGRAPH Asia 2013 Technical Briefs. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2542355.2542386.
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Jarvis, David, Angela Edwards, and Narayan Bhattarai. "Extraction and Production of Keratin-Based Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64501.
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Keratin, a natural biomaterial found within the hair, nails, and epidermis of humans, has shown promise of being a useful material for tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery systems, due in part to its favorable biological qualities. The scaffolds generated by electrospinning are useful in proliferating cells, and can even biodegrade over time, reducing the impact on the body and not invoking any adverse tissue response. This research details the extraction process of keratin from human hair, and using electrospinning to weave the keratin into nanofibrous polymers. Using a synthetic polymer solution, for example, polycaprolactone (PCL) in trifluoroethanol (TFE), keratin was easily mixed and successfully electrospun into nanofibers. The fiber formation characteristics and nanofiber morphology was studied under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
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Buehler, Markus J., and Sebastien Uzel. "Deformation and Failure of Collagenous Tissues: A Multi-Scale Study." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205480.
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Fibrous proteins constitute critical building blocks of life, forming biological materials such as hair, bone, skin, spider silk or cells, which play an important role in providing key mechanical functions in biological systems. However, the fundamental atomistic and molecular deformation and fracture mechanisms of biological protein materials remain largely unknown, partly due to a lack of understanding of how individual protein building blocks respond to mechanical load.
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Toderi, Martín A., Dzmitry Vaido, and Dolores Bozovic. "Optical techniques for imaging activity in fibers innervating saccular hair cells." In Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXXIII and Advanced Photonics in Urology, edited by Hyun Wook Kang, Ronald Sroka, Bennett L. Ibey, and Norbert Linz. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2607823.
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Sancheti, Gaurav, and Lucas Pais. "Sustainable infrastructure development: Concrete with human hair as fiber." In 2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaset.2018.8376760.
Full textReports on the topic "Hair fibres"
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Lee, Vanessa Lee Hui, Longchun Li, and Cheunsoon Ahn. Effect of Commercial Hair Blockers on the UV Protection of Hair Fiber. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1722.
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